2020版高考新创新一轮复习英语译林版学案：选修8Unit3Theworldofcoloursandlight

Unit 3 The world of colours and light



一、课前基础自查
(一)分类记单词——省时高效
Ⅰ.阅读单词(知其意)
1．gallery n． 画廊，陈列室，展览馆
2．birthplace n. 出生地；发源地
3．shadow n. 阴影，影子；阴暗处
4．dormitory n. 集体宿舍
5．wrinkle vt.& vi. (使)起皱纹
n. 皱纹，皱褶，皱痕
6．acute adj. 锐角的；强烈的；(疾病)急性的；
灵敏的；敏锐的
7．ankle n. 踝，踝关节
8．chef n. 厨师，(尤指)主厨，厨师长
9．aluminium n. 铝
10．spray vt. 喷，喷洒，向……喷洒
n. 喷剂；喷雾；浪花
11．cube n. 立方体，立方形
12．rectangle n. 长方形，矩形
13．helicopter n. 直升机
14．canal n. 运河；灌溉渠
15．oil painting n. 油画
16．consensus n. 共识，一致的意见
17.cloth n．　　　　　　布料，织物；(一块)布
18．slice n. 薄片，切片
19．pillow n. 枕头
Ⅱ.重点单词(写其形)
1．scenery n. 风景，景色，风光
2．reward n. 回报，报酬，奖励
vt. 奖励，给以报酬
3．dip vt.& vi. 浸，蘸
4．calculate vt.& vi. 计算；推测
5．accommodation n. 住处；住宿，膳宿；和解，调解
6．abstract adj. 抽象的
n. 摘要，概要
7．commit vt.& vi. 全心全意投入；犯罪，犯错；承诺，保证
8．suite n. (旅馆)套房；一套家具
9．passer­by n. 路人，过路的人
10．souvenir n. 纪念物，纪念品
11．output n. 产量，输出量；输出
12．medium n. (艺术创作的)材料，形式；媒介，传媒
adj. 中等的
13．being n. 身心；存在；生物
Ⅲ.拓展单词(通其变)
1．architecture n．建筑；建筑学→architect n．建筑师；设计师
2．starry adj.布满星星的；像星星的，明亮的→star n．星星
3．agent n．代理人，经纪人→agency n．代理机构
4．changeable adj.多变的，易变的→change vt.改变 n．变化
5．admission n．(机构、组织等的)准许加入，进入权；承认；入场费→admit vt.承认；准许进入，允许加入
6．scholarship n．奖学金→scholar n．学者；奖学金获得者
7．disgusting adj.令人不快的，令人厌恶的，令人愤慨的→disgust vt.使厌恶→disgusted adj.厌恶的
[语境活用]
1．It is obvious that we can't change the changeable weather. We have to adjust to it.(change)
2．Tom applied for admission to the graduate program at Northwestern University but wasn't admitted into it at last.(admit)
3．What the factory did disgusted people living here. The smell it let off was disgusting and I was disgusted at it.(disgust)
4．To help the students go on further study, the scholar in that university decided to set up a scholarship.(scholar)
5．I was busy, so I had to ask an agency to help me sell my old house. The agent there priced the house at the right level for the market and soon the house was sold.(agent)

(二)练中记短语——记牢用活
写准记牢
语境活用(选用左栏短语填空)
1.upwards_of　　在……以上，大于，超过
2．be_off_to 动身去……
3．cut_up 切碎
4．lay_out 布置，设计；铺开，展开
5．cut_sth._out_(of_sth.) (从……)剪出，剪下
6．have_a_go_(at) 试一试
7．put_on 上演；穿上
8．experiment_with_... 用……做试/实验
9．range_from_...to_... 从……到……(变化)
10．in_addition 而且，另外
11．so_far 到目前为止
12．be_eager_to_do_sth. 渴望做某事
13．instead_of 代替；而不是
14．make_a_reservation 预订
15．find_out 找到，发现；查明，弄清
16．be_made_out_of 由……制成，用……制成
17．be_typical_of 是……特有的；是典型的……
18．build_up 增强；积累，增多
19．come_on_the_market 上市，投入市场
20．act_as 担任，充当
1.Only people that use a kitchen all the time understand the best way to lay it out.
2．The food in this restaurant is very nice.In_addition,_the price is not high.
3．Instead_of blaming the child who had broken the vase, she gave him a tolerant smile and let him go.
4．When the clock stopped he took it apart to find_out what was wrong.
5．If we had made_a_reservation,_we would not have to wait for a table now.
6．This piece of material may be cut_up to make a pair of trousers.7.After each extinction, it took upwards_of 10 million years for biological richness to recover.
8．I asked him to let me have_a_go_at shooting at the target with his rifle.
9．Isak's story is_typical_of a child who has a specific learning disability.
10．They decorated it with stars cut_out_of silver paper and candles.

(三)仿写明句式——以用为本
教材原句
句式解读
句式仿写
1.Hardly had we left the dormitory the next morning when we realized we had left our map in the room.
第二天早上，我们刚离开宿舍，就意识到我们把地图忘在房间里了。
hardly ...when ...意为“一……就……；刚……就……”，主句用过去完成时，when从句常用一般过去时。 当hardly位于句首时，主句用部分倒装。
他刚离开家，暴风雨就来了。
Hardly_had_he_left the house when the storm broke.
2.Had you come with us, I guarantee you would have enjoyed Europe too.
如果你和我们一起来的话，你也会喜欢欧洲的。
虚拟条件句的倒装省略：在虚拟条件状语从句中，如有were, had或should，可将if省略，把were, had或should置于句首，从句中主谓用部分倒装。
他昨天要是看到了你，他就会问你这事了。
Had_he_seen you yesterday, he would have asked you about it.
3.After his graduation, this project was exhibited in art galleries all over China, making him famous nationwide.
他毕业后，该项目在中国各地的美术馆中展出，这使他闻名全国。
现在分词(短语)作结果状语，表示自然而然、情理之中的结果，常置于句尾。
他迅速切断了电源，防止了一起意外事故。
He cut off the electricity quickly, preventing_an_accident.

二、课堂重点深化

1．calculate vt.& vi.计算；推测
　[自主体验]
单句语法填空
①We calculate on having fine weather next week.
②Too much of modern life is rushed and stressful, and neither is calculated to_do (do) you any good.
③Laboratory work needs not only accurate measurements but also correct calculation (calculate).
完成句子
④Have_you_calculated_what a holiday in France would cost?
去法国度假的开销有多大，你算过没有？
⑤It_is_calculated_that the number of students who are studying in middle schools is decreasing.
有人推测在中学就读的学生数量在逐渐减少。
　[系统归纳]
(1)calculate that/wh­clause　 计算……；预测……
calculate on/upon 依靠，依赖；期待，指望
be calculated to do sth. 故意做/打算做/可能做某事
It is calculated that ... 据估算……
(2)calculation n. 计算
　[重点强化]
易错处处防
⑥What is calculated that more than half of the residents' living expenditure is used for food consumption.What→It
佳句时时写
⑦(2010·广东高考书面表达)据统计，最近有3.5亿人吸烟，其中男性占75%，女性占25%。
It_is_calculated_that_there_are_350_million_people_smoking_recently,_in_which_the_male_hold_75_percent_and_the_female_hold_25_percent.
2．commit vt.& vi.全心全意投入；犯罪，犯错；承诺，保证
　[自主体验]
单句语法填空
①He was a good man who was committed (commit) to his family as well as to his work.
②If you are serious about our relationship, you should make a commitment (commit)．
完成句子
③If you commit_yourself_to your study, you'll succeed one day.
如果你专注于自己的学业，终有一天会取得成功。
④He committed_an_unforgivable_error in handling this business.
他在处理这一业务时犯了一个不可原谅的错误。
⑤The government is_committed_to_greatly_developing_education in the country.
政府决心要大力发展本国的教育事业。
　[系统归纳]
(1)commit an error/a crime/suicide　 做错事/犯罪/自杀
commit oneself to (doing) sth.　　　 专心致志于；承诺/保证(做)某事
(2)committed adj. 尽心尽力的；尽责的；效忠的；坚定的
be committed to (doing) sth. 承诺/全身心地投入(做)某事
(3)commitment n. 承诺，保证；花费；投入，忠于
make a commitment　　　　　　 作出承诺
　[重点强化]
易错处处防
⑥I took the College Entrance Examination and committed myself to get into college._get→getting
佳句时时写
⑦(2015·陕西高考书面表达)我专心致志学习英语，有良好的英语知识，因此被选为英语课代表。
I_commit_myself_to_learning_English_and_have_a_good_command_of_English,_so_I am_elected_as_assistant_of_my_English_teacher.
3．reward n．回报，报酬，奖励vt.给以报酬，奖励
　[自主体验]
单句语法填空
①I had a sense of accomplishment, because I had worked hard to deserve the new game as a reward for my efforts.
②When asked for his views about his teaching job, Philip said he found it very interesting and rewarding (reward)．
③It is unfair that he gets very little in reward for his hard work.
完成句子
④He rewarded_us_with a lot of money for helping him.
对于我们的帮助，他大加酬谢。
⑤The owner has offered_a_reward_for the recovery of the stolen goods.
失主已经悬赏寻找被窃物品。
⑥Many companies treat their employees to year­end party to reward_them_for their hard work and celebrate the start of a new year at the end of the year.
许多公司都会在年末时举办年会，在庆祝新年到来的同时，对员工辛勤的工作进行嘉奖。
　[系统归纳]
(1)reward sb. with ...　　　　 用……报答/回报某人
reward sb. for (doing) sth. 因(做)某事奖赏某人
(2)in reward (for ...) 作为(对……的)报酬
as a reward for ... 作为对……的报酬
give/offer a reward to sb.for sth. 为某事而给某人报酬
(3)rewarding adj.　　　 值得做的；报酬高的；有益的
　[重点强化]
易错处处防
⑦Make the extra effort to impress the buyer and you will rewarded with a quicker sale at a better price._rewarded前加be
佳句时时写
⑧(2015·四川高考书面表达)作为对我的帮助的回报，我希望你能帮助我提高英语口语。
As_a_reward_for_my_help,_I_hope_you_can_help_me_improve_my_spoken_English.
4．accommodation n．住处；住宿，膳宿；和解，调解
　[自主体验]
单句语法填空
①Some animal and plant species cannot accommodate to the rapidly changing conditions.
②He will accommodate me with the use of his house while he is abroad.
③I realize that you don't have to worry about food or_accommodations (accommodate) because they're all provided for.
完成句子
④The hotel can provide_accommodations_for 500 guests.
这家旅馆可为500位旅客提供膳宿。
⑤I know how to accommodate_myself_to new circumstances.
我知道怎样使自己适应新的环境。
　[系统归纳]
(1)make/provide accommodations for　 为……提供食宿
(2)accommodate vt.　　　　　　　 供应，供给；使适应；向……提供；容纳
accommodate to sth. 顺应/适应(新情况)
accommodate sb./oneself to sth. 使某人/自己适应某事
accommodate sb. with sth. 为某人提供某物
　[重点强化]
易错处处防
⑥During my one­week stay there, he accommodated me for his car._for→with
佳句时时写
⑦(2014·全国卷Ⅰ书面表达)我还想知道我要支付多少课程费用，是否包括膳宿。
I'd_also_like_to_know_how_much_I_have_to_pay_for_the_class_and_whether_accommodation_is_included.
5．dip vt.& vi.浸，蘸；浏览
　[自主体验]
完成句子
①Parents are asked to dip_into_their_pockets for new school books.
家长被要求自掏腰包买新课本。
②At a primary school, I saw in one class a student dip_his/her_feet_in_ink and make a painting out of footprints.
在一所小学里，我在一个班里看到有一个学生用脚蘸上墨水画了一幅脚印的画。
　[系统归纳]
dip ...into ...　　　 把……浸入到……
dip ... in ... 把……浸入……中
dip into 把手伸进；浏览/翻阅(书、杂志等)
　[重点强化]
僻义牢牢记
③We took out a loan for the car because we didn't want to dip into our savings. 动用(存款)
佳句时时写
④(2011·全国卷Ⅱ书面表达)首先，它涵盖了国内和国际新闻，这样，只要简单地浏览页面，我就能了解一周内发生的所有重要事情。
First,_it_covers_both_national_and_international_news_so_that,_by_simply_dipping_into_the_pages,_I_can_learn_all_important_things_that_have_happened_during_the_week.


1．cut up切碎；使伤心，难过
　[系统归纳]
cut in　　　　　　　　　 插嘴，超车抢道
cut across/through 抄近路穿过
cut away 剪去，切除
cut down on 削减，缩小
cut off 切断；割掉
cut sth. out (of ...) (从……)剪下某物
cut down 削减；砍倒；缩短某物；降低
　[重点强化]
用法条条清(选用上述短语填空)
①Most schools are extremely unwilling to cut_down_on staff in order to cut costs.
②Tony, mind your manners! Don't cut_in while others are talking.
③If we fail to sell enough goods, compared with last year, we will have to cut_down production.
④Cut_up the carrots before you put them into the pot.
⑤Nothing was more San Francisco than the street that cut_through its heart.
⑥If there is only a small amount of rot, the dead material can be cut_away.
佳句时时写
⑦(2010·安徽高考书面表达)然而，如果我不得不放弃其中之一，我会关掉电视，而不是关掉手机或切断互联网。
However,_if_I_had_to_give_up_one_of_them,_I_would_turn_off_the_TV_rather_than_switch_off_my_cell_or_cut_off_the_Internet.
2．lay out布置，设计；铺开，展开；把……打昏；花钱
　[系统归纳]
lay sb. off　　　　 裁员，解雇某人
lay down 放下；中断(工作)；制定(条例或原则)
lay sth. aside 把……放在一边；储存
　[重点强化]
用法条条清(选用上述短语填空)
①My parents live a simple life in order to lay_aside enough money for my higher education.
②True love is when you care enough about another person that you would lay_down your life for them.
③Some are former state employees who entered the private sector because they were laid_off or underemployed.
④He is always hard up because he doesn't lay_out his money wisely.
佳句时时写
⑤(2012·陕西高考书面表达)9月10日下午，一些同学用纸花和气球布置教室，另一些同学去买蛋糕、饮料和水果。
On_the_afternoon_of_September_10,_some_of_the_classmates_laid_out_the_classroom_with_paper_flowers_and_ballons,_and_others_went_to_buy_cakes,_drinks_and_fruits.
3．have a go (at)试一试
　[自主体验]
完成句子
①No matter how difficult it is, he is determined to have_a_go_at_the_experiment.
不论困难有多大，他都决心去尝试一下这个实验。
②There were about 10 young people standing round him, all waiting to_have_a_go.
大约有十个年轻人把他围起来，个个都等着试一下。
③The boss had_a_go_at Jack for his being late for work.
老板因为杰克上班迟到而指责他。
　[系统归纳]
have a go at (doing) sth.　　　　 尝试(做)某事
have a go at sb. 指责某人，数落某人
at/in one go 一下子，一举，一口气
be on the go 十分活跃，非常忙碌
　[重点强化]
易错处处防
④Do you like to have many projects on a go at one time？a→the
佳句时时写
⑤(2012·江苏高考书面表达)不要以自我为中心，试着体谅别人。我们必须学会冷静和明智地处理冲突。
Don't_be_self­centered_and_have_a_go_at_being_considerate._We_must_learn_to_handle_conflicts_calmly_and_wisely.
4．hardly ... when ...“一……就……”
　[教材原句]　Hardly had we left the dormitory the next morning when we realized we had left our map in the room.
　[自主体验]
①I had_hardly_got_home_when it began to rain.
我刚到家就开始下雨了。
②Hardly had_he_seen_me_when he ran away.
他一看见我就跑了。
③Hardly had he arrived when she started complaining.
＝No_sooner_had_he_arrived_than she started complaining.
他刚一到，她就开始抱怨起来。
　[归纳点拨]
(1)hardly ... when ...意为“一……就……”，主句常用过去完成时，when 引导的从句常用一般过去时。当hardly位于句首时，主句用部分倒装。
(2)相同用法的句型还有：no sooner ... than ...和scarcely ... when ...。
　[佳句背诵]
①(增分要点句)(2018·北京高考写作佳句)No sooner had they arrived at the tea house than the foreign students were impressed by the unique tea pots and tea cups.
②(增分要点句)(2015·北京高考写作佳句)Hardly had he sat down at a table when he began to show us the basic skills of making dough figurines.
5．现在分词(短语)作结果状语
　[教材原句]　After his graduation, this project was exhibited in art galleries all over China, making_him_famous_nationwide.
　[自主体验]
①The fire lasted nearly two days, leaving_nothing_valuable.
大火持续了将近两天，几乎没剩下什么值钱的东西。
②It has rained for over ten days, causing_the_river_to_rise.
下了十多天雨，致使河水上涨。
③The man hurriedly returned home, only_to_find he had left his key in the office.
这个人急急忙忙地回到家，结果发现他把钥匙落在办公室里了。
　[归纳点拨]
(1)现在分词作结果状语表示必然的或合乎逻辑的结果，常置于句尾，其前可以加thus。
(2)动词不定式有时也可以用作结果状语，但往往表示意料之外的结果，常被only或just修饰。
　[佳句背诵]
①(增分要点句)(2018·北京高考写作佳句)Last week, we took the foreign students in our school to experience the authentic tea culture, turning out to be extremely rewarding.
②(增分要点句)(2017·江苏高考写作佳句)Consequently, some viewers began to turn away from cinemas, leading to a slower growth.


Ⅰ.单词拼写
1．The President calculates (预计) that this will somehow relieve the international pressure on him.
2．Blood is the medium (媒介) in which oxygen is carried to all parts of the body.
3．In the dark my sense of hearing becomes so acute (敏锐的)．
4．The frightening sight cast a shadow (阴影) on his children.
5．It's disgusting (让人厌恶的) to hear him boasting about his new car.
6．The park offers a nice combination of both charming scenery (风景) and cultural activities.
7．By her own admission (承认), she was responsible for the accident.
8．It makes me sick that people commit (犯罪) offences and never get punished.
9．We parked the car by the sea and it got covered with spray (水沫)．
10．The children were invited to dip (蘸；浸) their hands into the barrel for a present.
11．The authority must make suitable accommodation (食宿) available to the family.
12．Current employment laws will be changed to reward (奖励) effort and punish laziness.
13．Some people say beauty itself is abstract (抽象的). Do you agree?
Ⅱ.单句语法填空
1．He dipped the brush into the thick white paint and began to paint the wall.
2．There's nothing more rewarding_ (reward) than putting smiles on the faces around you.
3．Above, I could see only a strip of starry_ (star) sky, so close were the walls of the canyon.
4．I needed to accommodate myself (I) to the new schedule.
5．These young men tried to enter a nightclub, but were refused admission (admit)．
6．The weather here in summer is so changeable (change). Please take an umbrella when you go out.
7．They are looking for someone with a real sense of commitment (commit) to the job.
8．My son asked me to let him have a go at the heavy box.
9．He cut up the meat on the plate and began to eat.
Ⅲ.单句改错
1．Though I'm busy, I've committed myself to take the task for at least the coming year. take→taking
2．He made great contributions to the local education and was rewarded to the title “Saluting Rural Teacher”．第二个to→with
3．Though I was successfully rescued in the end, the disgusted scar would be with me forever.disgusted→disgusting
4．In this time and age, we should change to accommodate ourselves into the society.into→to
5．I buy a newspaper on my way home, and sometimes I dip in it on the bus. in→into
6．No sooner the game started than it began to rain heavily. sooner后加had
7．Ages of the children in this school range between three to eighteen.between→from
8．The band are hoping to put off a UK show before the end of the year. off→on
Ⅳ.完成句子
1．You should not calculate_on_your_family to support you for ever.
你不应该永远指望家人来养活。
2．The builder made_a_commitment_that he would finish the task on time.
建筑方许诺会按时完成任务。
3．Water can absorb and give off a lot of heat without big changes in temperature, thus_creating_a_stable_environment.
水可以吸收、放出大量的热量而其温度不会变化很大，因此能创造一个稳定的环境。
4．In contrast, people who are generous are_rewarded_with more happiness.
与此相比，慷慨的人被报以更多的快乐。
5．No_sooner_had_I_heard_the_knock than I opened the door.
我一听到敲门声，就马上去开门了。
6．Brian was_terribly_cut_up when his father died.
布莱恩的父亲去世时，他极其悲痛。
7．They hurried to the station, only_to_find their train had gone five minutes before.
他们匆匆赶到车站，结果却发现他们的火车已于五分钟前离开了。



本单元语篇话题与新课程主题语境“人与社会”中的“绘画与其他艺术形式”子话题相对应

一、话题语素积累多一点
子话题——绘画与其他艺术形式
(一)浅易词汇温一温
①art　　　 　②artist　　 　③collect　　 　④paint
⑤special ⑥feeling ⑦attitude ⑧adopt
⑨attract ⑩attempt ⑪exhibition ⑫figure
⑬best­known ⑭design ⑮construct ⑯construction
⑰architect ⑱architecture ⑲development ⑳condition
custom castle skillful building
(二)生疏词汇记一记
①studio n．画室　　　　　　 ②controversial adj.有争议的
③sketch n．草图；素描 ④gallery n．画廊
⑤creative adj.有创造力的 ⑥vivid adj.生动的；逼真的
⑦religious adj.宗教的 ⑧feature v．以……为特色
⑨classic adj.古典的 ⑩complicated adj.复杂的
⑪aggressive adj.有进取心的 ⑫sculpture n．雕塑
⑬workshop n．工作间 ⑭magnificent adj.壮观的
⑮splendid adj.辉煌的 ⑯represent vt.象征；体现
⑰masterpiece n．杰作 ⑱outstanding adj.优秀的
⑲house vt.容纳 ⑳craftsman n．手艺人
tradition n．传统 mixture n．混合
(三)常用词块忆一忆
①art museum　　　　　　　 艺术博物馆
②a collection of 有关……的收藏
③become part of ... 变成……的一部分
④become the home to ... 成为……的家园
⑤contemporary civilization 当代文明
⑥enjoy great popularity 深受欢迎
⑦scores of 许多
⑧show feelings 表达感情
⑨special technique 特殊技巧
⑩visual impact 视觉冲击
⑪with a specific aim of ... 有……特定目的
⑫art treasures 艺术珍宝
⑬on display 在展出
⑭abstract art 抽象艺术
⑮focus on 集中于……
(四)写作佳句背一背
①Art is much less important than life, but what a poor life without it!
②It was a fascinating painting, with clever use of colour and light.
③By popular consensus, this is the most valuable painting in the world — it is impossible to calculate what price it would fetch if it ever came on the market.

二、话题书面表达亮一点
　
假如你是李华，你的英国朋友Tom想要了解有关抽象艺术的知识，请根据以下内容，给他写一封电子邮件。
1．过去颇受争议；
2．现在成为当代文明的一部分。
注意：1.词数100左右；
2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；
3．开头和结尾已给出，但不计入总词数。
Dear Tom，
I am writing to introduce the rough sketch of abstract art to you.　


Looking forward to your reply at your earliest convenience.
Yours,
Li Hua
[写作4步走]
第一步：句写对——给词写句

abstract art, controversial, fine, attempt, adopt, special technique, sculpture, with a specific aim of, become part of ..., contemporary civilization, scores of, superb, attract, become the home to, aggressive, enjoy great popularity　　
1．抽象艺术曾经颇受争议。
Abstract_art_used_to_be_controversial.
2．艺术家们不再画精致的人物。
The_artists_stopped_painting_fine_figures.
3．他们试图采用特别的技巧。
They_attempted_to_adopt_special_techniques.
4．他们的作品包括雕像。
Their_works_include_sculptures.
5．他们都以表达感情为其特定目的。
They_were_all_with_a_specific_aim_of_showing_feelings.
6．今天，抽象艺术已经成为当代文明的一部分。
Nowadays,_abstract_art_has_become_part_of_the_contemporary_civilization.
7．许多画廊为典型的抽象艺术作品举办了许多精彩的展览。
Many_galleries_give_scores_of_superb_exhibitions_on_typical_abstract_works.
8．它们吸引了许多艺术家。
They_attract_many_artists.
9．埃及之影(the Shadow of Egypt)已经成为那些有着进取精神的抽象艺术家们的家园。
The_Shadow_of_Egypt_has_become_the_home_to_those_aggressive_abstract_artists.
10．抽象艺术在全世界都深受欢迎。
Abstract_art_enjoys_great_popularity_all_over_the_world.
第二步：量写够——语句扩充
11．在句3中加入目的状语“带给人们不同的视觉冲击”。
They_attempted_to_adopt_special_techniques_to_give_people_different_visual_impacts.
12．在句4中加入定语“用大理石或易碎的黏土(fragile clay)雕刻出来的”。
Their_works_include_sculptures_carved_out_of_marble_or_fragile_clay.
13．在句7中加入介词短语“along the Madison Avenue”作定语。
Many_galleries_along_the_Madison_Avenue_give_scores_of_superb_exhibitions_on_typical_abstract_works.
14．在句8中加入定语从句“对它有偏爱的”。
They_attract_many_artists_who_have_a_preference_for_it.
15．在句9中加入同位语“这个地区的一个咖啡馆”。
The_Shadow_of_Egypt,_a_café_in_this_district,_has_become_the_home_to_those_aggressive_abstract_artists.
第三步：语写美——词句升格
16．用词汇delicate替换句2中的fine，然后用并列连词but连接句2和句11。
The_artists_stopped_painting_delicate_figures_but_attempted_to_adopt_special_techniques_to_give_people_different_visual_impacts.
17．把句12改为非谓语动词短语，然后与句5合并。
Their_works,_including_sculptures_carved_out_of_marble_or_fragile_clay,_were_all_with_a_specific_aim_of_showing_feelings.
18．用短语appeal to替换句14中的attract，然后把appeal to改为非谓语动词短语后再与句13合并。
Many_galleries_along_the_Madison_Avenue_give_scores_of_superb_exhibitions_on_typical_abstract_works,_appealing_to_many_artists_who_have_a_preference_for_it.
第四步：篇连顺——衔接成文
用on the one hand ... on the other hand， however， all in all等词汇连句成文
Dear_Tom，
I_am_writing_to_introduce_the_rough_sketch_of_abstract_art_to_you.
Abstract_art_used_to_be_controversial.On_the_one_hand,_the_artists_stopped_painting_delicate_figures_but_attempted_to_adopt_special_techniques_to_give_people_different_visual_impacts.On_the_other_hand,_their_works,_including_sculptures_carved_out_of_marble_or_fragile_clay,_were_all_with_a_specific_aim_of_showing_feelings.However,_nowadays,_abstract_art_has_become_part_of_the_contemporary_civilization.Many_galleries_along_the_Madison_Avenue_give_scores_of_superb_exhibitions_on_typical_abstract_works,_appealing_to_many_artists_who_have_a_preference_for_it.The_Shadow_of_Egypt,_a_café_in_this_district,_has_become_the_home_to_those_aggressive_abstract_artists.All_in_all,_abstract_art_enjoys_great_popularity_all_of_the_world.
Looking_forward_to_your_reply_at_your_earliest_convenience.
Yours，
Li_Hua


Ⅰ.根据提示填空
Paper­cutting is a very special visual ❶art (artist) of Chinese handicrafts.Paper­cutting covers nearly all topics, from flowers, birds, animals, legendary people, ❷figures (人物) in classic novels, to types of ❸facial (face) make­up in Beijing Opera.Paper­cutting has ❹various (vary) styles in different parts of China.
In the past, for ❺craftsmen (手艺人), they need knives and gravers of various types to make ❻complicated (复杂的) patterns (花样)．Women living in the countryside gathered in their free time to make paper­cutting, which was a way to judge their ❼skillfulness (skillful)．As society develops, fewer and fewer still regard it as a profession.At present, there are factories and associations for paper­cutting in China.❽Exhibitions (exhibit) and exchanges are held regularly, and books of this kind are published.Paper­cutting has changed from ❾decoration (decorate) to a kind of art.At the same time, paper­cutting also appears in cartoons (卡通), on stage, in magazines or in TV series.
Ⅱ.片段选词填空
art treasure， an art museum， castle， bring in， artist， damage， a palace home， collect， best­known， a public museum， masterpiece
From early times, man has been interested in art.People have often worked together to ❶collect and save the world's ❷art_treasures.
Fine art treasures from many countries are kept in ❸an_art_museum called the Louvre (卢浮宫) in Paris, France.The works of art have been collected by the people of France over many centuries.It is the biggest art museum in the world.
The Louvre has not always been a museum.The first building was a fort (堡垒)．In 1190, it was the king's ❹castle with high walls and around tower.It had a moat (护城河) to keep out the enemies.
Over the years, the number of buildings around the castle grew.By 1350, the castle no longer needed a fort.The Louvre became ❺a_palace_home for French kings and queens.
During time of peace, new treasures were ❻brought_in.During the days of war, many treasures were stolen, and the buildings were ❼damaged.
When Francis Ⅰ became king of France in 1515, he brought in many ❽artists from other countries.One of the artists was Leonardo Da Vinci from Italy.Da Vinci's Mona Lisa is the ❾best­known painting in the museum today.
In 1793, the Louvre became a_public_museum,_just as it is now.It is a place where art treasures are kept for everyone to enjoy.Every year millions of people from all over the world come to the Louvre to see the masterpieces.



一、复现单元考点——增强备考信心
Ⅰ.高考中的语法填空
1．(2018·全国卷Ⅱ)The government encourages farmers to grow corn instead of rice to improve water quality.
2．(2017·天津高考)She asked me whether I had returned the books to the library, and I admitted (admit) that I hadn't.
3．(2017·江苏高考)He's been informed that he doesn't qualify for the scholarship (scholar) because of his academic background.
4．(2015·全国卷Ⅱ)In addition to their simple beauty, what makes the adobe dwellings admirable is their ability to “air condition” a house without using electric equipment.
5．(2015·湖南高考)Sometimes I act as a listening ear for fellow students to talk over what is bothering them.
6．(2014·广东高考)We had made our reservation (reserve) six months earlier, but the man at the front desk said there had been a mistake.
7．(2014·湖北高考)Hardly had Sabrina finished her words when Albert said sharply, “Don't be so mean，” pointing a finger of warning at her.
8．(2012·湖南高考)It does mean, however, that we should care enough about our friends to find out how they are doing from time to time.
Ⅱ.高考中的完形填空

admit, commit, build up, instead of, accommodation　
1．(2017·江苏高考)When he began practicing, he took it very casually. But he quickly found that he loved playing this instrument, and was __51__ to practicing it so that within a couple of months he was playing reasonably well.____________
2．(2016·江苏高考)Kurt listened patiently, but then he finally smiled and said, “You don't have a personal plan for growth, do you？”
“No，”I __43__.
“You know，” Kurt said simply, “growth is not an automatic process.”____________
3．(2014·安徽高考)Arriving in the Sunshine State was rather tiring, but I managed to catch a taxi to my__39__ and settle in.____________
4．(2013·重庆高考)The achievement of a particular goal makes you feel good and contributes to your confidence. That is why exercise has been shown to __53__ your self­respect.____________
5．(2011·陕西高考)However, three days later, they met the third rich man, who was coming in the opposite direction. He was still travelling quickly, but his waggons，__43__ the gold and valuables they had been carrying, were now full of farming tools and bags of seeds.____________
答案：1.committed　2.admitted　3.accommodation
4．build up　5.instead of
二、复现话题词汇——提高阅读准度
新高考下的命题新视角：绘画艺术创造了我们的彩色生活，激发了我们的想象力和创造力。这一话题在高考考查中常常以说明文类的阅读理解和书面表达为主。此类阅读语篇中含有大量的专业术语及人名、地名等，故文章的理解难度偏大。
[话题感悟]
学习目标 ——语篇复现词汇，活学活用记忆更深
(加彩词汇为本单元话题词汇，读文时请揣摩其用法)
(2018·全国卷Ⅲ)While famous foreign architects are invited to lead the designs of landmark buildings in China such as the new CCTV tower and the National Center for the Performing Arts, many excellent Chinese architects are making great efforts to take the center stage.
Their efforts have been proven fruitful. Wang Shu, a 49­year­old Chinese architect, won the 2012 Pritzker Architecture Prize — which is often referred to as the Nobel Prize in architecture — on February 28. He is the first Chinese citizen to win this award.
Wang serves as head of the Architecture Department at the China Academy of Art (CAA). His office is located at the Xiangshan campus (校园) of the university in Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province. Many buildings on the campus are his original creations.
The style of the campus is quite different from that of most Chinese universities. Many visitors were amazed by the complex architectural space and abundant building types. The curves (曲线) of the buildings perfectly match the rise and fall of hills, forming a unique view.
Wang collected more than 7 million abandoned bricks of different ages. He asked the workers to use traditional techniques to make the bricks into walls, roofs and corridors. This creation attracted a lot of attention thanks to its mixture of modern and traditional Chinese elements (元素)．
Wang's works show a deep understanding of modern architecture and a good knowledge of traditions. Through such a balance, he had created a new type of Chinese architecture, said Tadao Ando, the winner of the 1995 Pritzker Prize.
Wang believes traditions should not be sealed in glass boxes at museums.“That is only evidence that traditions. once existed，” he said.
“Many Chinese people have a misunderstanding of traditions. They think tradition means old things from the past. In fact, tradition also refers to the things that have been developing and that are still being created，” he said.
“Today, many Chinese people are learning Western styles and theories rather than focusing on Chinese traditions. Many people tend to talk about traditions without knowing what they really are，” said Wang.
The study of traditions should be combined with practice. Otherwise, the recreation of traditions would be artificial and empty, he said.
语篇解读：本文是一篇新闻报道。文章报道了2012年度建筑界的最高奖项——普利兹克奖的获得者王澍及其作品的风格和他对建筑艺术创新的体会。
28．Wang's winning of the prize means that Chinese architects are________.
A．following the latest world trend
B．getting international recognition
C．working harder than ever before
D．relying on foreign architects
解析：选B　推理判断题。根据第二段第二句可知，中国49岁的建筑师王澍获得了建筑界的诺贝尔奖——普利兹克奖，说明中国的建筑设计师赢得了国际的认同和肯定。故选B。
29．What impressed visitors to the CAA Xiangshan campus most?
A．Its hilly environment.　 B．Its large size.
C．Its unique style. D．Its diverse functions.
解析：选C　细节理解题。根据第四段第一句“The style of the campus is quite different from that of most Chinese universities.”和“The curves (曲线) of the buildings perfectly match the rise and fall of hills, forming a unique view.”可知，杭州香山学院的建筑设计风格独特，给人留下了深刻印象，故选C。
30．What made Wang's architectural design a success?
A．The mixture of different shapes.
B．The balance of East and West.
C．The use of popular techniques.
D．The harmony of old and new.
解析：选D　细节理解题。根据第五段第三句“This creation attracted a lot of attention thanks to its mixture of modern and traditional Chinese elements (元素)．”和第六段第二句中的“Through such a balance, he had created a new type of Chinese architecture”可知，传统与现代元素的和谐共存是王澍建筑设计成功的秘诀，故选D。
31．What should we do about Chinese traditions according to Wang?
A．Spread them to the world.
B．Preserve them at museums.
C．Teach them in universities.
D．Recreate them in practice.
解析：选D　推理判断题。根据最后一段第一句中“be combined with practice”和第二句中“the recreation of traditions”可知，王澍认为应该结合实践对传统进行再创新，故选D。
学习目标 ——题后把脉规律，练后得法理解更透
细节理解技法(6)——着眼全局解概括式细节理解题
概括式细节理解题涉及文章的某一段或几段，甚至贯穿全文的各个位置，需要考生寻找文章中的多个细节。因此，解题时，应认真阅读并仔细分析题干内容，确定好所询问细节的角度，然后带着所提问的细节角度回到原文，寻找与试题有逻辑关系的内容，并对其进行分析判断，最后概括总结出正确答案。
如上文第30小题，原文的信息句是第五段第三句“This creation attracted a lot of attention thanks to its mixture of modern and traditional Chinese elements (元素)．”和第六段第二句中的“Through such a balance, he had created a new type of Chinese architecture”，由此概括出传统与现代元素的和谐共存是王澍建筑设计成功的秘诀，故选D。

Ⅰ.阅读理解
(2019·太原质检)Walking down the narrow streets of the Kumartuli neighborhood, one is sure to come across sculptors working hard in small, sometimes shabby, workshops.Kumartuli is in Kolkata, India.Once known as Calcutta, the city is the capital of West Bengal, a state in eastern India.It is also home to a community of more than 400 artisans who are continuing one of India's ancient traditions.
The word Kumar means “to sculpt”， and tuli means “place”. The potters (陶工) of Kumartuli spend the entire year sculpting models of Hindu gods for various religious festivals. The techniques used to create these idols (神像) have been passed down from generation to generation and are fiercely­protected family secrets. By tradition, the craft was taught to brothers and sons. Today, some women are sculptors, too.
The best time to visit Kumartuli is between March and late August.That is when artisans are sculpting idols of Durga, a Hindu goddess, and her children for Durga Puja, a major Hindu festival celebrated for 10 days each year, typically in late September.
“Each complete figure takes almost three months to make，” explains potter Naresh Chandra Pal.“The senior­most sculptor in the family then performs Chokkhu Daan，which means gifting eyesight.”A potter paints the idol's eyes，which, according to popular belief, symbolizes breathing life into it.Most idols are more than 10 feet tall.
“Idol­making forms a large part of India's slowly­dying artistic and cultural heritage (遗产)，” says Haru Pal, a Kumartuli artisan.“This makes the tradition even more important.”
Despite their talents, most of these artisans remain largely unknown in India. Families live in crowded apartments by their workshops.“The younger generation is unwilling to make idol­making their profession，” says Ramesh Pal.“We are neither appreciated enough nor given a proper income.”
The government has promised to build modern housing and repair the workshops in Kumartuli. A community art studio is also planned.“However，” Ramesh says，“the government has yet to carry out these promises.”
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了印度日渐衰落的制作神像的传统工艺。
1．What do we know about Kumartuli?
A．Its major industry is tourism.
B．It is an important city in India.
C．The name is related to its location.
D．There are many craftsmen living there.
解析：选D　细节理解题。根据第一段的最后一句可知，在Kumartuli居住着许多传统的手艺人。
2．Where might you find the sculptures?
A．In most Indian houses.
B．At a festival celebration.
C．In some urban communities.
D．At a souvenir shop for tourists.
解析：选B　推理判断题。根据第二段中的“sculpting models of Hindu gods for various religious festivals”和第三段的内容可以推知，在印度各宗教节日的庆典上，人们都可以看到这些雕像。
3．What can we infer from Naresh Chandra Pal's words?
A．The craft will disappear gradually.
B．The Indians believe in various gods.
C．The idol­making is passed down to males.
D．The sculpting of idols' eyes is very important.
解析：选D　推理判断题。根据第四段中Naresh Chandra Pal所说的“The senior­most sculptor in the family then performs Chokkhu Daan, which means gifting eyesight”可以推知，神像眼睛的雕刻是最重要的。
4．What is the idol­making artisans' life like?
A．Hard.　　　　　　　 B．Restless.
C．Wealthy. D．Respectable.
解析：选A　推理判断题。根据第一段中的“sculptors working hard in small, sometimes shabby, workshops”和倒数第二段中的“Families live in crowded apartments by their workshops ... ‘We are neither appreciated enough nor given a proper income.’”可以推知，这些手艺人的生活很艰难。
Ⅱ.完形填空
(2019·兰州诊断)My daughter Kelly is a cautious person. She needs to warm up to situations, and is __1__ to try new things. When with close friends, she becomes a __2__ who laughs loudly and chants, “Girls rule, boys drool.” But when that __3__ zone is not around her, she is shy and __4__.
This has been challenging for me __5__. “Shy” is not a word that I think has ever been used to __6__ me. But this has been a year of __7__ for my girl that has filled her with a new sense of __8__. This year she moved to lap lane in swimming where she was preparing for a swim team. This year she learned to ride a bike without training wheels. And this year she __9__ her first kids' triathlon (三项全能)．
On Saturday, with a thunderstorm coming soon and my son's birthday party later in the day, we all went out in the dark of the morning for Kelly to __10__ her first triathlon. We practiced transitions from swim to __11__ and to run with her. We got all the equipment she'd need and we kept talking about the __12__. But as we waited the two hours for the older kids to finish before her __13__， she __14__ my leg a little harder and told me she loved me a few too many times. She was nervous but trying to keep calm.
And then it was time for her to go. From the second she jumped into the water, my heart __15__ quickly. My daughter __16__ into the most confident human being I had ever seen. She dominated that swim, crushed that bike ride and ran to the __17__ with the biggest smile on her face.
I can honestly say that I never felt so __18__ of someone in my entire life. It wasn't because she did a sport or anything like that. It was because she was afraid of something and __19__ that fear with confidence and fire I hadn't seen before.
All day I would find myself just looking over at her and smiling. She might be wearing the finalist medal but I felt like I __20__ that day.
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。作者的女儿Kelly是一个做事谨慎、不自信且害羞的人，但是自从她参加了三项全能训练及比赛后，发生了很大的变化，对此作者感到很自豪。
1．A.brave B．eager
C．hesitant D．willing
解析：选C　根据上文中的“My daughter Kelly is a cautious person”可知，她需要对各种情况进行热身并且对尝试新事物犹豫不决(hesitant)。
2．A.troublemaker B．leader
C．thinker D．fighter
解析：选B　根据下文中的“who laughs loudly and chants, ‘Girls rule, boys drool.’ But when that ________ zone is not around her, she is shy and ________”可知，当与亲密的朋友在一起的时候，她就成为一位领导(leader)。
3．A.comfort B．danger
C．hardship D．compromise
解析：选A　根据上文中的“ ... laughs loudly and chants”可知，作者的女儿跟朋友在一起时感到很舒服，所以此处为当那个舒适(comfort)区不在她身边的时候。
4．A.scary B．nervous
C．painful D．thrilled
解析：选B　根据上文中的“But when that ________ zone is not around her”可知，她会感到害羞和紧张(nervous)。
5．A.some times B．some time
C．on time D．at times
解析：选D　根据下文中的“‘Shy’ is not a word that I think has ever been used to ________ me”可知，此处表示“这对作者来说有时很有挑战性”。
6．A.attract B．catch
C．describe D．meet
解析：选C　根据上文中的“This has been challenging for me”可知，这对作者来说很有挑战性，说明作者并不总是那么害羞，因此用害羞来描述作者不合适。
7．A.firsts B．seconds
C．finals D．ends
解析：选A　根据下文中的“This year she moved to lap lane in swimming where she was preparing for a swim team ... And this year she ________ her first kids' triathlon (三项全能)”可知，但对作者的女儿来说，这是她有很多第一次(firsts)的一年，让她充满了新的自信。
8．A.circumstance B．confidence
C．coincidence D．dependence
解析：选B　参见上题解析。confidence“自信”。
9．A.defeated B．lost
C．completed D．quitted
解析：选C　根据上文中的“This year she moved to lap lane in swimming ... ride a bike without training wheels”可知，今年作者的女儿取得了很多成绩，此处与前文形成并列，所以此处为今年她首次完成了(completed) 她的三项全能。
10．A.arrange B．attend
C．achieve D．accompany
解析：选B　为了Kelly去参加(attend)她的第一次三项全能比赛，我们全家人在早晨很早的时候就出门了。
11．A.bus B．bike
C．taxi D．motorcycle
解析：选B　根据上文中的“This year she learned to ride a bike without training wheels”可知选B。
12．A.race B．life
C．test D．assignment
解析：选A　根据上文中的“And this year she ________ her first kids' triathlon (三项全能)”可知，作者的女儿是在进行比赛，所以此处为我们购买了她需要的所有设备，我们一直在谈论比赛(race)。
13．A.chance B．turn
C．failure D．success
解析：选B　根据上文中的“But as we waited the two hours ...”及第四段第一句“And then it was time for her to go”可知，作者和女儿正在等待，所以此处表示“在轮到女儿之前”。
14．A.held B．pressed
C．squeezed D．scratched
解析：选A　上文说作者的女儿是一个谨慎害羞的孩子，所以在向作者表达爱意的时候不免有些紧张，所以此处为她紧紧地拉着(held)作者的腿，告诉作者她很爱作者。
15．A.settled B．arose
C．sank D．rose
解析：选D　根据上文中的“From the second she jumped into the water”可知，作者的女儿参加比赛，作为家长会感到很紧张，即此处表示“我的心迅速地提了起来(rose)”。
16．A.translated B．transplanted
C．transformed D．transported
解析：选C　根据下文中的“She dominated that swim, crushed that bike ride and ran to the ________ with the biggest smile on her face”可知，作者的女儿已经有了很大的改变，因此transformed符合语境。
17．A.stand B．summit
C．deadline D．finish
解析：选D　从开始到结束(finish)的整个过程中，她都一直处于主导地位，而且脸上始终带着灿烂的微笑。
18．A.ashamed B．sensible
C．proud D．critical
解析：选C　女儿从一个害羞没有自信的女孩变成很有自信的女生，作为家长，作者感到很自豪。
19．A.seized B．conquered
C．grasped D．possessed
解析：选B　此处表示“用自信和激情克服了(conquered)恐惧，这是我以前从没见过的”。
20．A.won B．thought
C．reserved D．removed
解析：选A　根据上文中的“All day I would find myself just looking over at her and smiling”可知，女儿的胜利使作者感到很自豪，所以尽管女儿可能戴着决赛的奖牌，但作者觉得那天是自己赢(won)了。
Ⅲ.语法填空
(2019·新疆适应性检测)A report says about fifty million to seventy million Americans have sleep problems.It says many more are suffering from lack of sleep.
A study has examined __1__ we need sleep and the effects of sleep loss.The study shows American businesses lose millions of dollars a year because of tired workers.Some __2__ (employ) are too tired to report for work.They have more accidents or are __3__ (little) productive at work.Other costs include increased visits __4__ doctors.
The study finds that 20% of injuries __5__ (cause) by car accidents are linked to sleepy drivers.Other studies have linked poor sleep to a risk of health problems like heart disease, depression and __6__ (healthy) amounts of body fat.Researchers say the reason for this link is unclear.
Many experts say __7__ large amount of sleep is as important to health as diet and exercise.They say most people need seven to nine hours of sleep each night.Less than that can influence __8__ mental and physical abilities.It can lead to more serious problems, including severe sleeplessness.People with this condition temporarily stop __9__ (breathe) while they sleep.
Researchers suggest the public __10__ (inform) of the problem and take steps to prevent sleep disorders.
语篇解读：睡眠不足已成为当今一个很严重的健康问题。本文介绍了睡眠不足造成的影响及研究人员建议公众采取措施解决睡眠不足这一问题。
1．why　考查宾语从句。句意：一项研究分析了为什么我们需要睡眠以及缺乏睡眠的影响。分析句子结构可知，空处引导宾语从句且从句中缺少原因状语，故填why。
2．employees　考查名词及名词的数。根据空前的Some可知，空处应用名词复数。employee“雇员，雇工”； employer“雇主，老板”。根据语境可知，空处应填employees。
3．less　考查形容词的比较级。句意：工作中，睡眠不足的雇员会遇到更多的事故且效率较低。根据空前的more可知，此处应用形容词的比较级。
4．to　考查介词。空前的visits为名词复数，其后常用介词to。
5．caused　考查非谓语动词。cause和其所修饰的名词injuries之间是逻辑上的动宾关系，此处表示“由汽车事故造成的伤害”，故用caused作后置定语。
6．unhealthy　考查形容词。句意：其他研究已经把睡眠质量差与像患心脏病、(意志)消沉和不健康的体内脂肪含量这样的健康问题的风险联系了起来。空处修饰名词短语body fat，且和depression意义相近，故填unhealthy。
7．a　考查冠词。a large amount of是固定搭配，意为“大量，许多”，用来修饰不可数名词。
8．both/their　考查代词。句意：少于这个时间会影响身心能力。both与后面的and构成固定搭配，意为“不仅……而且……”。或结合上文中的“most people”可知，此处也可用their修饰后面的名词abilities，表示“他们的身心能力”。
9．breathing　考查非谓语动词。stop doing sth.“停止做某事”，为固定用法。故填breathing。
10．(should) be informed　考查虚拟语气和语态。suggest表示“建议”，后跟宾语从句时从句要用虚拟语气，即从句中的谓语动词用“should＋动词原形”，should可以省略。另外，the public与动词inform之间是被动关系，故用其被动形式，因此填(should) be informed。
Ⅳ.短文改错
(2019·湖北七市联考)My name is Lisa, one of you great friends. Glad to see you've made rapid progresses in learning Chinese but I am writing to tell you about our next lesson. The lesson will be gave from 3：00 to 5：00 in the afternoon of March 20th in Classroom 301. In the class, what you will mainly learn is Tang Poetry, deep loved by Chinese people. In order to make easy for you to go through the class, you'd better to make full preparations before class. And you should have a brief understanding of the history of the Tang Dynasty, during that several poets became famous.
I am looking forward to meet you!
答案：第一句：you→your
第二句：progresses→progress; but→and
第三句：gave→given; 第一个in→on
第四句：deep→deeply
第五句：easy前加it; 去掉第三个to
第六句：that→which
第七句：meet→meeting