中考英语不定代词的用法知识点及练习题（附答案）

不定代词定义所谓“不定”，就是“不确定”“不明确”的意思，所以不定代词就是指不明确表示代替某特定名词或形容词的代词，如someone意为“某人”，something意为“某事”或“某物”，many表示“许多人”或“许多物”，a few表示“几个人”或“几个事物”，等等。（1）普通不定代词some; anyfew; littlenone 没有一个one other 其它的many; mucheither两者中的一个; neither两者都不each; everyboth; all★ some与any一般说来，some 用于肯定句中，any 用于否定句、疑问句和条件句中。如：①肯定句：He asked some questions. 他问了一些问题。②否定句：He didn’t ask any questions. 他没有问任何问题。③疑问句：Did he ask any questions? 他问了些问题没有?但是，在表示请求、邀请或征求意见的句子中，希望对方的肯定回答，通常要用 some 而不用any。如：① Shall I get some for you? 要我帮你拿些来吗?② Since you have plenty of them, why not give her some? 既然你有那么多，为什么不给她一些呢?any 有时也用于肯定句中，表示“任何”的意思。如：Any of these may suit you. 这些中间的任何一个都可能适合你。 另外，汉语可说“任何……都不”，但英语不能说any…not。因为按英语习惯，any总是要出现在否定词not的后面，而不能出现在它的前面。如：　　我想任何学生都回答不了这个问题。　　正：I don’t think any student can answer this question.　　正：I think no student can answer this question.　　误：I think any student can’t answer this question.　　第一句用的是not…any，故正确;第二句用的是no，相当于not…any，也正确;第三句用的是any…not，就错了。★ many与much两者意思相同，都表示“许多”，但用法不同，many用于修饰或代替可数名词;而much用于修饰或代替不可数名词。如：① Many trees fell in the storm. 在暴风雨中许多树倒了。② Much money has been wasted that way. 很多钱都这样浪费了。★ few, a few与 little, a littlefew 几乎没有a few 有几个① He has few friends here,he feels lonely.  他这里没朋友,他感觉寂寞。② There are a few eggs in the basket.  篮子里有几个鸡蛋。③ There is little ink in my bottle,can you give me a little ink?我的瓶子里没有墨水了,你能给我点儿墨水吗?④ This book is a little more difficult than that one. 这本书比那本书难一点。★ all与bothall指三者或三者以上的人或物,既可代替或修饰可数名词也可代替和修饰不可数名词。both指两个人或物,用来代替或修饰可数名词。① Both of my parents like sports.   我的父母都喜欢运动。② All of us should work hard.我们都应努力工作.★ either与neithereither意思是“两个中间的任何一个”；neither意思是“两个都不”。① He wrote to either of them.  他给他们中的一个人写了信.② --Will you go there by bus or by car? –Neither. I will go there by train.你坐公车去还是坐轿车去？一个都不坐,我坐火车去。★ another,the other① the other指两个人或物中的一个。
He has two daughters. One is a nurse, the other is a worker. 他有两个女儿，一个是护士，另一个是工人。
② another指同类事物中的三者或三者以上的“另一个。I have three daughters. One is a nurse, another is a teacher and another is a worker.
我有三个女儿。一个是护士，另一个是教师，还有一个是工人。  （2）复合不定代词 复合不定代词指的是由some, any, every, no后接thing, one, body等构成的一类代词。　　somebody（某人）anybody（某人/任何人）nobody（没有人）everybody（每人）someone（某人）anyone（某人/任何人）no one （没有人）everyone（每人）something（某事）anything（某事/任何事）nothing（没有东西）everything（每一件事）★ 这些复合不定代词只有名词的性质，可以作主语、宾语等。   I have something to tell you.  我有一些事情要告诉你们。★ 复合不定代词如果有其它的形容词修饰，形容词必须后置。   Someone has just come to see you.  有个人刚刚来看你。   There’s nothing wrong with the machine. 机器没有毛病。★ 当句子的主语是指人的复合不定代词，如everybody, nobody, anyone等时，其反义疑问句的主语通常用代词they; 当句子主语是指物的复合不定代词，如everthing, anything,  something, nothing等时，其反义疑问句的主语通常用代词it。Everybody is here, aren't they?  Everything is ready, isn't it?★ everyone 的意思等同于everybody,只能指人； every one既可指人也可指物。I'd like everyone to be happy.  我希望人人都幸福。I have kept every one of her letters.  我把她的每一封信都保存下来。  练习题1．He can't hear you, because there is ____ noise here.　A．very much　B．too much　C．much too　D．so many2．There isn't ____ water in the cup.　A．any　B．many　C．some　D．the3．The bottle is empty. There is ____ in it.　A．anything　B．something　C．nothing4．----“There isn't ____ water here. Could you get ____ for me?”　　----“All ringht.”　A．some; some　B．any; any　C．some; any　D．any; some5．There are lots of English books here, and ____ of them is easy to understand.　A．both　B．all　C．every　D．each6．These sweaters are too small for me. Please show me ____ one.　A．other　B．others　C．the others　D．another7．“Which of the two dictionaries do you like better?”“I like ____ , because they're not useful.”　A．both　B．either　C．all　D．neither8．They were all very tired, but ____ of them would stop to take a rest.　A．any　B．some　C．none　D．neither9．“Haven't you forgotten ____ ?”“ ____ ,oh, I forgot my bag.”　A．anything; Excuse me　B．something; Excuse me　C．something; Pardon　D．everything; Pardon10．Be quiet! I have ____ to tell you.　A．important anything　B．anything important　C．important something　D．something important11．---- ____ of the boys in Class Four are playing games.　　----____.　A．All　B．Each　C．The both　D．None12．There are twenty teachers in this grade．Eight of them are women teachers and ____ are men teachers.　A．the other　B．the others　C．Others  D．other 1-5 BACDD  6-10 DDCAD  11-12 AB