湖南省衡阳市衡南县2024-2025学年高一上学期期末考试 英语试题（A卷）（含解析）

这是一份湖南省衡阳市衡南县2024-2025学年高一上学期期末考试 英语试题（A卷）（含解析），共16页。试卷主要包含了阅读理解，完形填空，语法填空，书信写作，书面表达等内容，欢迎下载使用。
一、阅读理解（本大题共5小题）
THE TEMPE FESTIVAL OF THE ARTS
December 6–8, 2024, Friday–Saturday 10:00 AM–5:30 PM & Sunday 10:00 AM–4:30 PM
KIDS BLOCK
A hands-n interactive blck fr yung artists and a yuth exhibitin featuring ver 450 student wrks frm arund the Valley - n display and fr sale. Get the yung creatives invlved with the festival in a new way with cmmunity partners, wh will be n site ding take-away prjects with yung visitrs! Yuth can start their appreciatin fr the arts at a yung age by visiting Yung Cllectrs n Saturday and Sunday. Fr just $5 children can begin their art cllecting jurney.
YOUNG ARTIST EXHIBITION
Each festival we receive hundreds f pieces f artwrk created by talented Valley yuth wh are interested in having their wrks exhibited fr a chance t win a cash prize, and fr the pprtunity t sell their wrks (please refer t each nameplate t identify which pieces are fr sale). Yu can visit the exhibitin near Kids Blck, Friday-Sunday at the festival.
YOUNG COLLECTORS GALLERY
Each year, ur artists have the ptin t dnate a piece t the gallery, ffering children the chance t purchase and bring hme their very wn piece. We encurage yung cllectrs t shp n their wn, learning freedm in what they like. Vlunteers will be in place t assist children. The Yung Cllectrs sectin will be pen n Saturday and Sunday f the festival.
APPLICATIONS ARE NOW OPEN!
All students MUST have a signed and cmpleted digital Permissin Frm t enter the festival.
1．When can children visit KIDS BLOCK?
A．10:00 AM-5:30 PM Friday.B．10:30 AM-4:00 PM Sunday.
C．9:00 AM-5:00 PM Saturday.D．10:00 AM-7:00 PM Saturday.
2．What is special abut YOUNG ARTIST EXHIBITION?
A．It requires n-site registratin.
B．It ffers cash assistance t yuth.
C．It includes a cmpetitin fr participants.
D．It gives kids a chance t recreate their wrks.
3．What d the three sectins have in cmmn?
A．Kids can make an art purchase.B．Visitrs may dnate their wrks.
C．Vlunteers will be badly needed.D．Yung artists can gain mre prfit.
Flra always had an adventurus spirit but in 2020 she began her biggest adventure yet.
Brn and raised in the Minnesta, she als lived in Bahrain and Egypt and mved t Dubai, in the United Arab Emirates (UAE), in 2002. As an enthusiastic hiker and muntain climber, she had struggled t find like-minded peple t trek (远足) with her, s in 2011 she started a weekend hiking grup. A few years later she turned it int a business called Flra UAE Trekkers, running weekend hikes while she cntinued teaching English in the week. When she lst her jb in 2020, she decided t fcus her energies n Flra UAE Trekkers, which has nw attracted 50,000 fllwers n scial media and ffered guided hikes t ver 80,000 peple.
N lnger wrking a nine-t-five at the university, she regularly wakes up at 3 a.m. n weekdays t lead treks arund sme f the mst breathtaking scenery surrunding Dubai. She even ffers a specialist sunset hike acrss the Liwa desert in Abu Dhabi — used as lcatin fr filming Dune: Part Tw. “I knew that I wanted t create smething that encuraged peple t get utside and explre what Dubai had t ffer utside f the city. Frm there, it rcketed,” Flra says. “A lt f peple in Dubai dn’t knw there’s anything else utside the city and that there’s s much nature here.”
Hwever, the rad t success was nt always smth. “Our early challenges were t vercme the steretype (偏见) f what a hiking guide shuld lk like,” Flra says. “The steretypical guide has physical strength and places an emphasis n hiking as a tl t imprve yur fitness, physique and speed.” Ging against the grain, Flra emplyed current and frmer educatrs as well as mthers, like herself, as guides. “We really wanted t remve that cmpetitive atmsphere and satisfy all levels, nt nly fr the strng.” Flra says.
4．Why did Flra start a weekend hiking grup in 2011?
A．T start her wn business.B．T meet hiking cmpanins.
C．T prmte lcal turism.D．T grw scial media fllwers.
5．What can be inferred abut Dubai frm paragraph 3?
A．It is a famus filming lcatin.B．It is an innvatin center.
C．It has beautiful natural scenery.D．It attracts visitrs acrss the glbe.
6．Wh are mst likely t be chsen as guides in Flra UAE Trekkers?
A．Prfessinal athletes.B．Experienced hikers.
C．Adventure enthusiasts.D．Nature-lving caregivers.
7．Which wrd can best describe Flra?
A．Generus.B．Humble.C．Innvative.D．Authritative.
A new reprt frm the Wrld Wildlife Fund(WWF) and the Zlgical Sciety f Lndn fund Earth’s bidiversity (生物多样性) is decreasing thrugh years f data n thusands f wildlife ppulatin s acrss the wrld. Accrding t the data, animal ppulatin s acrss the wrld decreased by an average f 69% between 1970 and 2018.
Experts say the rapid lss f bidiversity is a serius and wrrying sign f what’s t cme fr the natural wrld. “The message is clear and the lights are flashing red,” said WWF Internatinal Directr General Marc Lambertini.
Many scientists believe that the main reasn f bidiversity drp may be land-use changes driven by human activities such as the develpment f basic facilities, energy prductin and defrestatin. But the reprt suggests that climate change, which has had a wide impact n plant and animal species glbally, culd becme the leading cause f bidiversity lss if rising temperatures aren’t limited t 1.5℃.
Lambertini said bidiversity lss and climate change are already respnsible fr a series f prblems fr humans, including death and hmelessness frm extreme weather, a lack f fd and water and an increase in the spread f specific diseases. But the terrible news cmes with signs f hpe: Experts say there are pssible slutins t the lss f bidiversity. Slutins range frm prtecting frests t establishing a crss-brder trade system in Africa, the reprt said.
WWF chief scientist Rebecca Shaw said that humans have the pprtunity t change hw they d things t benefit nature. “Little things that we can d every day can change the directin f these ppulatin declines,” said Shaw.
What little things can be dne? Fr instance, we can start frm reducing waste in ur daily lives. Simple actins like recycling paper, plastic, and glass can have a prfund impact n the envirnment. By minimizing waste, we lessen the demand fr raw materials which in turn reduces the pressure n natural habitats that are ften destryed by the industrial develpment.
8．Hw d the experts feel abut the rapid lss f bidiversity?
A．Anxius.B．Cnfused.
C．Cnfident.D．Depressed.
9．Accrding t the reprt, what wuld cntribute t bidiversity lss mst?
A．Less prductin f fd.
B．Develping basic facilities.
C．Uncntrlled rising temperatures.
D．Declining plant and animal species.
10．What is the main purpse f the 4th paragraph?
A．T explre the causes fr a range f humans’ prblems.
B．T intrduce sme ptential methds t prmte bidiversity.
C．T discuss the imprtance f the crss-brder trade system in Africa.
D．T present the prblems caused by bidiversity lss and climate change.
11．What is the best title fr the passage?
A．Pave the Way fr a Simple Lifestyle
B．Take a Step t Push Energy Prductin
C．Raise the Vice t Ban Land-use Changes
D．Lend a Hand t Slwer Bidiversity Lss
Yu may have already seen them in sme restaurants arund the wrld; rbts. They are abut the size f a child. They can welcme peple and lead them t their tables. They can deliver fd and drinks and bring dirty dishes back t the kitchen.
Many peple think rbt waiters are the answer t wrker shrtages. Sales f rbts have been grwing in recent years. There are tens f thusands f them nw mving thrugh eating places wrldwide.
But thers say rbt waiters still have a lng way t g befre they can replace humans. They cannt take rders. And they cannt walk up steps t different areas f a restaurant.
Still the use f rbts is grwing. In Madisn Heights, Michigan, Li Zhai was having truble finding wrkers fr his restaurant Ndle Tpia in the summer f 2021. S, he bught a rbt frm Pudu Rbtics. The rbt was s successful that he added tw mre; nw, ne rbt leads diners t their seats while anther delivers fd t tables. And his emplyees lad dirty dishes nt the third rbt t bring them back t the kitchen.
Zhai said he nw needs three peple t d the same wrk that five r six peple used t d. And they save him mney. A rbt csts arund $15,000, he said, but a persn csts him $5,000 t $6,000 per mnth. Zhai nted that the rbts give his human servers mre time t spend with diners, which increases tips. And diners ften pst vides f the rbts n scial media, which leads t mre visits. “Besides saving labr, the rbts benefit business,” he said.
But nt all restaurants have had success with rbts. Chili’s intrduced a rbt server in 2020. The restaurant cmpany expanded the test t 61 U.S. restaurants befre suddenly stpping last August. Chili’s fund that the rbt mved t slwly and gt in the way f human servers. And 58 percent f guests surveyed said rbts did nt imprve their verall experience.
12．What is Li Zhai’s third rbt used t d?
A．Lead diners t their seats.B．Deliver fd t tables.
C．Take rders frm custmers.D．Carry away dirty dishes.
13．What d Li Zhai’s wrds mainly tell us in Paragraph 5?
A．The ppularity f rbts.B．The lw prices f rbts.
C．The advantages f using rbts.D．The impressin f rbts n peple.
14．Why did Chili’s give up rbt servers?
A．They brke dwn easily.
B．They didn’t wrk well enugh.
C．They ften made big mistakes.
D．They culdn’t understand custmers’ demand.
15．Which f the fllwing can be the best title fr the text?
A．Are Rbt Waiters the Future?B．Will Human Servers Lse Jbs?
C．Rbts Will Never Replace HumansD．Rbt Services Are Better Than Humans
At sme pint in ur lives, we all need t influence and encurage thers, including ur team at wrk, friends and family, r club members. Leading peple is a valuable skill that can help yu achieve great things. 16 It takes practice. There are sme gd ways t influence and encurage thers.
17 Peple are mre likely t fllw yur lead if they see that yu live ut the values yu speak f. If yu want t encurage thers t be their best, yu need t set an example and practice what yu said. This desn't mean that yu have t be perfect; it means yu're willing t put in the hard wrk t achieve yur gals.
Give sincere praise. Yu knw the saying, “It's nt what yu say, but hw yu say it.” The same is true when it cmes t encuraging thers. 18 Peple can sense when yu' re sincere, and they' re mre likely t respnd (回应) psitively t yur message.
Build trust by being transparent (透明的) and hnest. Trust is a necessary part f any relatinship, and it's imprtant in a leader- fllwer relatinship. If yu want peple t trust yu, yu shuld learn t be transparent and hnest with them. 19
Remain calm and patient during difficult cnversatins. Difficult cnversatins are an unavidable part f life. If yu want t be a gd leader, it's imprtant t remain calm and patient during these cnversatins. 20 Instead, keep an pen mind, listen t what ther peple are saying and respect their pint f view.
A．Becming annyed will nly wrsen the situatin.
B．Be a gd rle mdel and lead by example.
C．Yur wrds will carry mre weight if yu are sincere.
D．Imprve yur active listening skills.
E．Hwever, being a gd leader isn't always easy.
F．This includes being pen abut yur purpses and keeping yur wrd.
G．Remember yu nly have a few secnds t make a first impressin.
二、完形填空（本大题共1小题）
There it was, big and red, at the tp f my test paper: F. “I’ve never 21 anything befre,” I thught as I gt my things tgether fr nursing schl. In my first three terms I’d gtten gd grades. But nw, in my last term, I was 22 myself. The day befre, I had thrwn up when I emptied a bedpan (便盆). Hw wuld I perfrm in my future career if I 23 like that?
I put the 24 in my bag and gt n the bus hme. “I thught I wanted t be a 25 . Nw I just dn’t knw,” I said t myself. Maybe I shuld 26 and give up my dream f becming a nurse.
27 came t a stp. A man lay in the rad, with his mtrbike turned upside dwn. N ne 28 . They prbably didn’t knw hw. But I did.
I gt ut f the bus and 29 t his side. His vital signs (生命体征) were strng, but he was bleeding. I 30 bandages (绷带). “A gd nurse keeps her pckets filled with things she might 31 in a crisis (危机),” my teacher had said.
Smene called 911. As sn as the 32 wrkers arrived, I tld them abut the man’s 33 . At that time, I frgt my 34 and thught nly abut the patient. Once he was sent t hspital, a wman asked me, “Are yu a dctr r a nurse?”
“I’ll be a nurse sn,” I said 35 . N dubt abut it.
21．A．failedB．quittedC．missedD．frgtten
22．A．lsingB．challengingC．dubtingD．cnfusing
23．A．excusedB．changedC．chseD．behaved
24．A．letterB．paperC．cardD．reprt
25．A．driverB．nurseC．teacherD．dctr
26．A．calm dwnB．hld nC．drp utD．hurry up
27．A．TrafficB．TimeC．WrkD．Thught
28．A．helpedB．nticedC．askedD．cared
29．A．turnedB．returnedC．fellD．rushed
30．A．put nB．tk utC．put awayD．gave ut
31．A．explreB．preferC．needD．cllect
32．A．scialB．vluntaryC．pstalD．medical
33．A．cnditinB．experienceC．behavirD．prblem
34．A．schedulesB．dreamsC．wrriesD．gals
35．A．naturallyB．suddenlyC．sadlyD．prudly
三、语法填空（本大题共1小题）
阅读下面材料, 在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
“Jurney t the West”, a classic Chinese nvel, has been adapted ver the centuries, 36 (appeal) t audiences with its rich narrative and characters. It is the mst famus nvel in Chinese literature and 37 the cuntry’s mst successful cultural exprts.
But “Black Myth: Wukng”, released n August 20th, is special. The vide game is the first blckbuster release frm a Chinese studi. “Black Myth” is a “AAA” game — 38 label that indicates big budgets and high prductin values.
Many Chinese cmplained their cuntry’s 39 (ability) t prduce a vide game as thrilling as “Grand Theft Aut” r “Wrld f Warcraft”, which 40 (riginate) in Sctland and America 41 (respective). Nw they are hping “Black Myth” marks the arrival f a new player in the AAA arena. GameScience, the 42 (make) f “Black Myth”, is trying t achieve this gal. The cmpany studied the best titles and histrical material t create a game wrld 43 wuld feel true t “Jurney t the West”. The prcess tk six years, but the determinatin has paid ff.
Xinhua, an fficial news service, says “Black Myth” has succeeded in “telling China’s stry with wrld-class quality”. A spkespersn fr China’s freign ministry, 44 (delight) at a psitive news stry abut China, has argued that the game’s apprval verseas “ 45 (reflect) the appeal f Chinese culture”.
四、书信写作（本大题共1小题）
46．假定你是李华，正在伦敦某学校做交换生。你校要成立一个有关中国文化的俱乐部，请你给负责人写一封信，推荐一个你希望建立的俱乐部。内容包括：
1. 写信目的；
2. 你的建议；
3. 推荐理由。
注意：
1. 词数80词左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Dear Sir r Madam,

Yurs sincerely,
Li Hua
五、书面表达（本大题共1小题）
47．阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
Nala lved spending her schl hlidays n Grandma’s little farm! But this time, her granny was s sick, and culdn’t get ut f bed!
“Dn’t wrry,” Nala tld her granny, “I’ll lk after everything!” She knew hw t feed all the animals: it was easy! The chickens and ducks had pellets (丸). The hrse had ats (燕麦). There was plenty f grass fr the fur sheep and the gat.
She culd als water the vegetables and cllect eggs frm the chicken cp.
“What a great help yu are,” Grandma said when Nala brught her a bwl f sup fr lunch.
“It’s n truble!” Nala smiled.
“I’ll have t get up sn,” Grandma sighed. “Nanny will need milking.” Nanny the gat had t be milked every day. In fact, she wuld cme utside and bleat (咩咩叫) when it was time! But Nala thught that her granny still lked pale and shaky…
“I can d it!” Nala said cnfidently. She hadn’t tried milking yet, but she had watched Grandma clsely! Grandma wuld always put n her special dress and straw hat, get the bucket frm the tl shed (棚), get Nanny t the milking shed, and get everything dne.
When Nanny bleated t be milked, Nala went ut t see her. She expected the gat t fllw her t the milking shed like she did with Grandma, but the animal just std there.
“Cme n, Nanny,” Nala said. “I’m milking yu tday. Grandma’s sick, s we have t wrk tgether.”
Nanny just bleated impatiently, mving her feet uncmfrtably.
“Maybe I need t speak mre firmly,” Nala thught. “Nw listen, Nanny. I want yu t fllw me t the milking shed, right nw!” But Nanny trtted away acrss the yard!
“Hey, cme back here!” Nala called. Nanny stpped and turned arund. She didn’t like this little stranger. Grandma never yelled at her!
注意：
1．续写词数应为150左右；
2．请按如下格式在答题纸的相应位置作答。
At that mment Nala had a think.
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Just then, she sptted Grandma’s dresses and the straw hat hanging ver a chair.
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参考答案
【答案】1．B 2．C 3．A
【分析】这是一篇应用文。本文主要介绍了即将开幕的艺术节及青少年可参与的活动内容。
【解析】1．细节理解题。根据第一段内容“December 6–8, 2024, Friday–Saturday 10:00 AM–5:30 PM & Sunday 10:00 AM–4:30 PM (2024年12月6日至8日，周五至周六上午10:00至下午5:30，周日上午10:00至晚上4:30)”和“KIDS BLOCK”部分关键句“Yuth can start their appreciatin fr the arts at a yung age by visiting Yung Cllectrs n Saturday and Sunday. (年轻人可以在周六和周日参观青年收藏家，在年轻时就开始欣赏艺术。)”可知，“KIDS BLOCK”的参观时间是周六和周日，周五至周六上午10:00至下午5:30，周日上午10:00至晚上4:30，结合选项可知，孩子们在周日上午10:30至下午4:00可以参观KIDS BLOCK。故选B项。
2．细节理解题。根据“YOUNG ARTIST EXHIBITION”部分关键句“Each festival we receive hundreds f pieces f artwrk created by talented Valley yuth wh are interested in having their wrks exhibited fr a chance t win a cash prize, and fr the pprtunity t sell their wrks (please refer t each nameplate t identify which pieces are fr sale). (每个节日，我们都会收到数百件由才华横溢的山谷青年创作的艺术品，他们有兴趣展出自己的作品，有机会获得现金奖励，并有机会出售自己的作品（请参阅每个名牌以确定哪些作品可以出售）。)”可知，“YOUNG ARTIST EXHIBITION”为参与者提供了竞赛机会，获胜者有机会获得现金奖励，由此可知，“YOUNG ARTIST EXHIBITION”的特别之处在于它包括一场参与者的竞赛。故选C项。
3．细节理解题。根据“KIDS BLOCK”部分关键句“A hands-n interactive blck fr yung artists and a yuth exhibitin featuring ver 450 student wrks frm arund the Valley - n display and fr sale. (一个面向年轻艺术家的动手互动块和一个青年展览，展出和出售来自山谷各地的450多件学生作品。)”、“YOUNG ARTIST EXHIBITION”部分关键句“Each festival we receive hundreds f pieces f artwrk created by talented Valley yuth wh are interested in having their wrks exhibited fr a chance t win a cash prize, and fr the pprtunity t sell their wrks (please refer t each nameplate t identify which pieces are fr sale). (每个节日，我们都会收到数百件由才华横溢的山谷青年创作的艺术品，他们有兴趣展出自己的作品，有机会获得现金奖励，并有机会出售自己的作品（请参阅每个名牌以确定哪些作品可以出售）。)”和“YOUNG COLLECTORS GALLERY”部分关键句“Each year, ur artists have the ptin t dnate a piece t the gallery, ffering children the chance t purchase and bring hme their very wn piece. (每年，我们的艺术家都可以选择向画廊捐赠一件作品，让孩子们有机会购买并带回家自己的作品。)”可知，三个部分都给孩子提供了购买艺术品的机会，由此可知，三个部分的共同点是孩子们可以从中购买艺术品。故选A项。
【答案】4．B 5．C 6．D 7．C
【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲述了Flra在迪拜创办远足团体并将其发展成成功商业的故事。
【解析】4．细节理解题。根据文章第二段“As an enthusiastic hiker and muntain climber, she had struggled t find like-minded peple t trek with her, s in 2011 she started a weekend hiking grup.”（作为一个热情的徒步旅行者和登山者，她一直在努力寻找志同道合的人一起远足，所以在2011年她开始了一个周末远足小组。）可知，Flra在2011年开始周末远足小组是为了找到志同道合的远足伙伴。故选B。
5．推理判断题。根据文章第三段“she regularly wakes up at 3 a.m. n weekdays t lead treks arund sme f the mst breathtaking scenery surrunding Dubai.”（她经常在工作日凌晨3点起床，带领远足团体游览迪拜周围一些最令人叹为观止的风景。）可知，迪拜周围有美丽的自然风景。故选C。
6．推理判断题。根据文章第三段“she regularly wakes up at 3 a.m. n weekdays t lead treks arund sme f the mst breathtaking scenery surrunding Dubai.”（她经常在工作日凌晨3点起床，带领远足团体游览迪拜周围一些最令人叹为观止的风景。）可知，作者热爱自然。根据文章最后一段“Ging against the grain, Flra emplyed current and frmer educatrs as well as mthers, like herself, as guides.”（与常规相反，Flra雇用了现任和前任教育工作者以及母亲们，像她一样，作为导游。）可知，Flra UAE Trekkers的导游很可能是热爱自然的人。故选D。
7．推理判断题。根据文章第三段“I knew that I wanted t create smething that encuraged peple t get utside and explre what Dubai had t ffer utside f the city.”（我知道我想创造一些东西，鼓励人们走出去，探索迪拜在城市之外所提供的东西。）可知，“创新的”能描述Flra。故选C。
【答案】8．A 9．C 10．B 11．D
【分析】本文是一篇说明文。本章介绍了地球的生物多样性正在减少的现象，原因以及人类在阻止生物多样性减少方面可以做的事情。
【解析】8．推理判断题。根据第二段的“Experts say the rapid lss f bidiversity is a serius and wrrying sign f what’s t cme fr the natural wrld. “The message is clear and the lights are flashing red,” said WWF Internatinal Directr General Marc Lambertini.(专家表示，生物多样性的迅速丧失是自然界即将发生的严重而令人担忧的迹象。世界自然基金会国际总干事马尔科·兰贝蒂尼说：“信息很明确，红灯在闪烁。”)”可知，专家说生物多样性的迅速丧失是一个严重且令人担忧的信号。由此可推知，专家们对此感到焦虑。故选A。
9．细节理解题。根据第三段的“But the reprt suggests that climate change, which has had a wide impact n plant and animal species glbally, culd becme the leading cause f bidiversity lss if rising temperatures aren’t limited t 1.5℃.(但报告指出，气候变化对全球动植物物种产生了广泛影响，如果气温上升不限于1.5℃，气候变化可能成为生物多样性丧失的主要原因)”可知，不可控制的气温上升对生物多样性丧失的影响最大。故选C。
10．推理判断题。根据第四段的“But the terrible news cmes with signs f hpe: Experts say there are pssible slutins t the lss f bidiversity. Slutins range frm prtecting frests t establishing a crss-brder trade system in Africa, the reprt said.(但这一糟糕的消息也伴随着希望的迹象：专家表示，对于生物多样性的丧失，存在可能的解决方案。报告称，这些解决方案从保护森林到在非洲建立跨境贸易系统不等)”可知，第四段的目的是介绍一些促进生物多样性的潜在方法。故选B。
11．主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是第一段的“A new reprt frm the Wrld Wildlife Fund(WWF) and the Zlgical Sciety f Lndn fund Earth’s bidiversity(生物多样性) is decreasing thrugh years f data n thusands f wildlife ppulatin s acrss the wrld. Accrding t the data, animal ppulatin s acrss the wrld decreased by an average f 69% between 1970 and 2018.(世界野生动物基金会和伦敦动物学会的一份新报告发现，通过多年来对全球数千只野生动物种群的数据，地球的生物多样性正在减少。根据数据，1970年至2018年间，全球动物种群平均减少了69%)”以及最后一段的“What little things can be dne? Fr instance, we can start frm reducing waste in ur daily lives.(可以做些什么小事情？例如，我们可以从减少日常生活中的浪费开始)”可知，文章不仅报道了生物多样性丧失的情况，还提到了解决这一问题的可能性，鼓励人们采取行动，从日常小事做起，以改变生物种群下降的趋势。所以“帮助减缓生物多样性的丧失”适合作本文的标题。故选D。
【答案】12．D 13．C 14．B 15．A
【分析】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了世界各地的餐馆流行使用机器人的现象，并根据实际案例说明了其好处和缺点。
【解析】12．细节理解题。根据第四段中“And his emplyees lad dirty dishes nt the third rbt t bring them back t the kitchen. (他的员工把脏盘子放到第三个机器人上，它把这些盘子带回厨房。)”可知，第三个机器人通常把用过的盘子拿走。故选D项。
13．推理判断题。根据第五段“Zhai said he nw needs three peple t d the same wrk that five r six peple used t d. And they save him mney. A rbt csts arund $15,000, he said, but a persn csts him $5,000 t $6,000 per mnth. Zhai nted that the rbts give his human servers mre time t spend with diners, which increases tips. And diners ften pst vides f the rbts n scial media, which leads t mre visits. “Besides saving labr, the rbts benefit business,” he said. (翟说他现在需要三个人来做以前五六个人做的工作。而且还能帮他省钱。他说，一个机器人的成本约为1.5万美元，但一个人每月的成本为5000至6000美元。翟指出，这些机器人让他的服务员有更多时间与顾客相处，从而增加了小费。顾客们经常在社交媒体上发布机器人的视频，这就带来了更多的顾客。他说：“除了节省劳动力，机器人还有利于商业。”)”可知，他的话主要告诉了我们用机器人的各种优点。故选C项。
14．细节理解题。根据最后一段中“Chili’s fund that the rbt mved t slwly and gt in the way f human servers. And 58 percent f guests surveyed said rbts did nt imprve their verall experience.(Chili’s餐厅发现机器人移动太慢，挡住了人类服务员的去路。58%的受访客人表示，机器人并没有改善他们的整体体验。)”可知，Chili’s餐厅放弃使用机器人服务员是因为它们的工作做得不好。故选B项。
15．主旨大意题。通读全文可知，文章围绕机器人展开，第一、二段介绍了机器人的流行，第三段说明机器人的缺点，第四、五段介绍了一家餐馆使用机器人的好处，第六段介绍了一家餐饮连锁店使用机器人失败的例子。由此推知，A项“机器人服务员就是未来吗？”符合文章探讨的内容，适合作为标题。故选A项。
【答案】16．E 17．B 18．C 19．F 20．A
【分析】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要围绕如何成为一个好的领导者这一主题，提出了几个建议，从而帮助读者理解如何影响和鼓励他人，包括在工作中领导团队、与朋友和家人相处，以及在俱乐部等组织中发挥作用。
【解析】16．根据空前内容“Leading peple is a valuable skill that can help yu achieve great things.(领导他人是一项宝贵的技能，可以帮助你取得伟大的成就)”可知，良好的领导能力是一项宝贵的技能。选项E“Hwever, being a gd leader isn't always easy.(然而，成为一个好领导并不总是那么容易)”与上文内容形成转折，指出良好的领导能力固然很重要，但是成为一个好领导并不容易。与下文“It takes practice. There are sme gd ways t influence and encurage thers.(这需要练习。有一些影响和鼓励他人的好方法)”相一致，起到了承上启下的作用，既承接了前文领导的好处，又引出后文提到的需要练习和有好方法。故选E。
17．空处为段首句，为本段主要内容。根据下文内容“Peple are mre likely t fllw yur lead if they see that yu live ut the values yu speak f. If yu want t encurage thers t be their best, yu need t set an example and practice what yu said. (如果人们看到你践行了你所说的价值观，他们就更有可能听从你的领导。如果你想鼓励别人做到最好，你需要树立榜样，践行你所说的话)”可知，下文强调领导要以身作则，树立榜样。选项B“Be a gd rle mdel and lead by example.(做一个好榜样，以身作则)”是本段内容的概括，与本段内容相符。故选B。
18．根据空前内容“Give sincere praise. Yu knw the saying, “It's nt what yu say, but hw yu say it.” The same is true when it cmes t encuraging thers.(给予真诚的赞美。你知道这句话，‘重要的不是你说什么，而是你怎么说。’在鼓励他人方面也是如此)”可知，我们应该给予真诚的赞美。选项C“Yur wrds will carry mre weight if yu are sincere.(如果你是真诚的，你的话会更有分量)”是上文内容的延续，指出如果我们的话是真诚的，我们所说的话也更有重量，从而引出下文内容“Peple can sense when yu' re sincere, and they' re mre likely t respnd (回应) psitively t yur message.(人们能感觉到你是否真诚，他们更有可能对你的信息做出积极的回应)”。故选C。
19．根据空前内容“If yu want peple t trust yu, yu shuld learn t be transparent and hnest with them.(如果你想让人们信任你，你应该学会对他们坦诚和诚实)”可知，作者建议我们要坦诚和诚实。选项F“This includes being pen abut yur purpses and keeping yur wrd.(这包括公开你的目的和信守你的承诺)”进一步解释了坦诚和诚实应该包括哪些内容，与前文内容一致。故选F。
20．根据空前内容“If yu want t be a gd leader, it's imprtant t remain calm and patient during these cnversatins.(如果你想成为一个好领导，在这些对话中保持冷静和耐心是很重要的)”可知，作者建议我们在对话中要保持冷静和耐心。选项A“Becming annyed will nly wrsen the situatin.(变得恼怒只会让情况变得更糟)”是上文内容的延续，指出在对话中要保持冷静，拥有耐心，因为恼怒只会让情况变得更糟。故选A。
【答案】
21．A 22．C 23．D 24．B 25．B 26．C 27．A 28．A 29．D 30．B 31．C 32．D 33．A 34．C 35．D
【分析】本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述的是作者在护理学校的学期考试中不及格后，开始怀疑自己是否适合成为一名护士，在回家途中的经历让作者确定自己要成为一名护士。
【解析】21．考查动词词义辨析。句意：“我以前从来没有考试不及格。”我一边收拾着护理学校的东西一边想。A. failed失败；B. quitted放弃；C. missed错过；D. frgtten忘记。根据下文的“In my first three terms I’d gtten gd grades.”可知，作者一致成绩优秀，所以此处指的是作者从未考试“不及格”符合语境。故选A项。
22．考查动词词义辨析。句意：但是现在，在我的最后一个学期，我开始怀疑自己。A. lsing失去；B. challenging挑战；C. dubting怀疑；D. cnfusing使迷惑。根据上文中的“There it was, big and red, at the tp f my test paper: F.”可知，作者在最后一个学期的考试不及格，所以，作者应是“怀疑”自己，符合语境。故选C项。
23．考查动词词义辨析。句意：如果我这样做，我在未来的职业生涯中会有什么表现呢?A. excused原谅；B. changed改变；C. chse选择；D. behaved表现。根据上文的“The day befre, I had thrwn up when I emptied a bedpan (便盆).”以及考试成绩可知，作者认为自己“表现”这样，会影响到自己未来的职业生涯。故选D项。
24．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我把试卷放进包里，上了回家的公共汽车。A. letter信件；B. paper试卷；C. card卡片；D. reprt报告。根据上文的“There it was, big and red, at the tp f my test paper: F.”可知，作者在看自己的考试试卷，所以此处应是将“试卷”放进包里。故选B项。
25．考查名词词义辨析。句意：“我想成为一名护士。现在我不知道了，”我对自己说。A. driver司机；B. nurse护士；C. teacher教师；D. dctr医生。根据上文的“I thught as I gt my things tgether fr nursing schl.”以及下文的““I’ll be a nurse sn,” I said 21 .”可知，此处指的是作者以前想成为一名“护士”符合语境。故选B项。
26．考查动词短语辨析。句意：也许我应该退学，放弃当护士的梦想。A. calm dwn使平静；B. hld n坚持；C. drp ut辍学；D. hurry up匆忙。根据语境以及下文的“and give up my dream f becming a nurse.”可知，作者想放弃护士的梦想，由此可知，此处应为“辍学”符合语境。故选C项。
27．考查名词词义辨析。句意：路上行驶的车辆停了下来。A. Traffic路上行驶的车辆；B. Time时间；C. Wrk工作；D. Thught思想。根据下文的“A man lay in the rad, with his mtrbike turned upside dwn.”可知，路上有人躺着，且他的摩托车翻了，由此可知，此处指的是“路上行驶的车辆”停了下来，符合语境。故选A项。
28．考查动词词义辨析。句意：没人帮忙。A. helped帮助；B. nticed注意到；C. asked询问；D. cared关心。根据下文的“They prbably didn’t knw hw.”可知，他们不知道怎么做，由此可知，此处指的是没有人“帮忙”符合语境。故选A项。
29．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我下了车，冲到他身边。A. turned转向；B. returned归还；C. fell掉落；D. rushed冲。根据语境和上文的“They prbably didn’t knw hw. But I did.”以及“I gt ut f the bus”可知，作者是在护士学校的学生，知道该做什么，所以作者应是下了车，“冲”到那个人的身边，符合语境。故选D项。
30．考查动词短语辨析。句意：我取出了绷带。A. put n穿上；B. tk ut取出；C. put away收拾，整理；D. gave ut耗尽。根据下文的““A gd nurse keeps her pckets filled with things”可知，护士应该口袋里装满一些东西，由此可知，此处指的是“取出”绷带，符合语境。故选B项。
31．考查动词词义辨析。句意：“一个好护士的口袋里总是装满危机时可能需要的东西(危机)，”我的老师说。A. explre探索；B. prefer更喜欢；C. need需要；D. cllect收集。根据上文的“I 22 bandages (绷带).”可知，作者在遇到危机的情况下拿出了需需的绷带，结合下文的“in a crisis (危机)”可知，此处讲述的是老师告诉作者，一位好护士的口袋里要装满在危机时可能“需要”的东西。故选C项。
32．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：医务人员一到，我就告诉了他们这个人的情况。A. scial社会的；B. vluntary自愿的；C. pstal邮政的；D. medical医疗的。根据常识和语境以及上文的“Smene called 911.”可知，在有人受伤或生病的情况下，拨打了911后应该是务人员到场，所以此处应为“医疗的”符合语境。故选D项。
33．考查名词词义辨析。句意：医务人员一到，我就告诉了他们这个人的情况。A. cnditin条件，状况；B. experience经历；C. behavir行为；D. prblem问题。根据上文的“His vital signs (生命体征) were strng, but he was bleeding. I 23 bandages (绷带).”可知，作者检查了躺在路上的人的情况，所以医务人员到后，作者将“情况”告诉医务人员。故选A项。
34．考查名词词义辨析。句意：那时，我忘记了我的烦恼，只想着病人。A. schedules时间表；B. dreams梦想；C. wrries担忧，烦恼；D. gals目标。根据语境以及上文的“There it was, big and red, at the tp f my test paper: F.”可知，作者考试不及格使得作者怀疑自己要成为护士的梦想，而现在作者只想救人，由此可推断，此处指作者忘记了“烦恼”符合语境。故选C项。
35．考查副词词义辨析。句意：“我很快就要当护士了，”我自豪地说。A. naturally自然地；B. suddenly突然；C. sadly伤心地；D. prudly自豪地。根据语境和下文的“N dubt abut it.”可知，作者在回家途中忘记自己的烦恼，心里只想着病人，在有人问及作者职业时，作者很肯定地“自豪地”说自己很快成为一名护士。故选D项。
【答案】
36． appealing 37．amng 38．a 39．inability 40．riginated 41．respectively 42．maker 43．that/which 44．delighted 45．reflects
【分析】本文是一篇新闻报道，主要讲的是一款以《西游记》为背景的AAA级游戏“黑神话：悟空”的成功与意义。
【解析】36．考查非谓语动词。句意：《西游记》是一部经典的中国小说，几个世纪以来一直被改编，以其丰富的叙事和人物形象吸引着观众。句中谓语是has been adapted ，空格处用非谓语动词，“Jurney t the West”和appeal之间是主谓关系，因此空格处用现在分词形式表主动，作状语。故填appealing。
37．考查介词。句意：它是中国文学中最著名的小说，也是中国最成功的文化输出之一。根据语境可知，句子表示“它是中国文学中最著名的小说，也是中国最成功的文化输出之一”，空格处意为“在……之中”，用介词amng。故填amng。
38．考查冠词。句意：《黑色神话》是一款“AAA”游戏——这一标签意味着高预算和高制作价值。label是可数名词的单数形式，表泛指，前面要加不定冠词，label是辅音音素开头，因此不定冠词用a，故填a。
39．考查名词。句意：许多中国人抱怨自己的国家无法制作出像《侠盗猎车手》和《魔兽世界》那样刺激的电子游戏，这两款游戏分别起源于苏格兰和美国。cuntry’s后跟名词，句子表示“许多中国人抱怨自己的国家无法制作出像《侠盗猎车手》和《魔兽世界》那样刺激的电子游戏”，空格处意为“无能”，名词是inability，是不可数名词，故填inability。
40．考查时态。句意：许多中国人抱怨自己的国家无法制作出像《侠盗猎车手》和《魔兽世界》那样刺激的电子游戏，这两款游戏分别起源于苏格兰和美国。空格处是谓语，句子描述过去的事情，时态用一般过去时，空格处用过去式，故填riginated。
41．考查副词。句意：许多中国人抱怨自己的国家无法制作出像《侠盗猎车手》和《魔兽世界》那样刺激的电子游戏，这两款游戏分别起源于苏格兰和美国。空格处用副词respectively修饰动词riginated，作状语，respectively意为“分别”。故填respectively。
42．考查名词。句意：“黑色神话”的制造者GameScience正在努力实现这一目标。由the和f可知，空格处用名词作同位语，GameScience是游戏的制造者，空格处意为“制造者”，是maker，且这是一家制造者，空格处用单数，故填maker。
43．考查定语从句。句意：该公司研究了最好的游戏和历史材料，以创造一个真实的“西游记”游戏世界。空格处引导的是限制性定语从句，从句中缺少主语，先行词game wrld是游戏世界，指物，因此空格处用关系代词that/which。故填that/which。
44．考查形容词。句意：中国外交部一名发言人对有关中国的正面消息感到高兴，称这个游戏在海外获得称许“反映了中国文化的吸引力”。空格处用形容词作状语，修饰主语spkespersn用说明人心里状况的-ed结尾的形容词delighted，意为“高兴的”，故填delighted。
45．考查时态和主谓一致。句意：中国外交部一名发言人对有关中国的正面消息感到高兴，称这个游戏在海外获得称许“反映了中国文化的吸引力”。空格处是谓语，句子描述客观事实，时态用一般现在时，主语apprval是不可数名词，因此空格处用第三人称单数，故填reflects。
46．【答案】A pssible versin:
Dear Sir r Madam,
I’m Li Hua, an exchange student f ur schl. Knwing yu’re planning t start sme schl clubs abut Chinese culture, I’m writing t make a suggestin.
My suggestin is that a Chinese calligraphy club shuld be established. Fr ne reasn, Chinese calligraphy is a frm f art with a lng histry, standing fr the civilizatin f ancient China. Fr anther, the club may attract a great number f students frm different cuntries, as there is n language barrier t appreciate art.
I wuld be grateful fr yur taking my advice int cnsideratin. Lking frward t hearing frm yu.
Yurs sincerely,
Li Hua
【分析】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生就学校要成立一个有关中国文化的俱乐部给负责人写一封信，推荐一个希望建立的俱乐部。
【详解】1.词汇积累
建立：establish → set up
不同的：different → diverse
感激的：grateful →thankful
考虑：take…int cnsideratin → take…int accunt
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：Knwing yu’re planning t start sme schl clubs abut Chinese culture, I’m writing t make a suggestin.
拓展句：Because I knw yu’re planning t start sme schl clubs abut Chinese culture, I’m writing t make a suggestin.
【点睛】〖高分句型1〗My suggestin is that a Chinese calligraphy club shuld be established.语气虚拟（运用了）
〖高分句型2〗Chinese calligraphy is a frm f art with a lng histry, standing fr the civilizatin f ancient China.（运用了现在分词短语作状语）
47．【答案】At that mment Nala had a think. Maybe she culd trick Nanny t the shed with fd! She pulled up a big bunch f grass and walked twards Nanny with her hand utstretched. She gazed at Nanny, murmuring “Cme n! Nanny!” Nanny stared at her. Nevertheless, when Nala was tw steps away, the gat skipped ut f reach abruptly again. Nala chased. T shw her disapprval, Nanny clattered acrss the yard, stpped and gazed back at Nala. Frustrated, Nala threw the grass dwn and trudged ver t Grandma’s tl shed! Her cheeks were red and her ears felt as if they were burning when she glared at Nanny. Hwever, she didn’t want t tell Grandma that a gat had gt the better f her.
Just then, she sptted Grandma’s dresses, and the straw hat hanging ver a chair. It dawned n her that she culd dress herself up as Grandma! Then, she gt changed. Nanny was still bleating furiusly when she saw a seemingly familiar figure leave the huse and walk twards the milking shed in familiar dress, aprn, and straw hat. Her ears flicked and she gave a gentle bleat. That must be Grandma, ready t d the milking! Nala glanced ver her shulder t see Nanny trtting after her. This time, Nanny didn’t bject when she was milked. Chuckling secretly, Nala quickly mastered the art f milking. Sn, creamy milk splashed int the bucket. The girl grinned, fr Nanny had mistaken her as her granny!
【分析】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述Nala在奶奶农场度假时奶奶生病无法起床，Nala主动承担照顾农场动物的任务，但在给羊Nanny挤奶时遇到了困难。
【详解】1.段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“那一刻，娜拉有了一个想法。”可知，第一段可描写Nala思考如何哄骗Nanny去挤奶棚，并尝试用草引诱但失败的过程。
②由第二段首句内容“就在这时，她看到了奶奶的衣服和挂在椅子上的草帽。”可知，第二段可描写Nala看到奶奶的衣服和草帽后，想到伪装成奶奶去哄骗Nanny，并成功将其带到挤奶棚挤奶。
2.续写线索：Nala思考哄骗方法——尝试用草引诱Nanny但失败——Nala看到奶奶的衣服和草帽——Nala伪装成奶奶——Nanny被骗跟随——Nala成功挤奶
3.词汇激活：
行为类
①哄骗：trick/deceive
②追逐：chase/pursue/run after
③反对：bject/ppse
情绪类
①沮丧：frustrated/disappinted
②窃笑：chuckle secretly/snicker
【点睛】[高分句型1] Nevertheless, when Nala was tw steps away, the gat skipped ut f reach abruptly again.(运用了从属连词when引导时间状语从句)
[高分句型2] It dawned n her that she culd dress herself up as Grandma!(运用了it作形式主语和连词that引导的主语从句作真正主语)
[高分句型3] Nanny was still bleating furiusly when she saw a seemingly familiar figure leave the huse and walk twards the milking shed in familiar dress, aprn, and straw hat.(运用了从属连词when引导时间状语从句)