2024~2025学年北京市朝阳区高三上学期期末考试英语试卷（解析版）

这是一份2024~2025学年北京市朝阳区高三上学期期末考试英语试卷（解析版），共22页。试卷主要包含了 5分，共15分)， A等内容，欢迎下载使用。
第一部分 知识运用(共两节，30分)
第一节(共10小题;每小题1. 5分，共15分)
阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
At 13 years ld, I tk a lng trip t Lndn alne. When I sat dwn n the cach, an elderly gray-haired man ___1___ and asked if he culd sit beside me. “Of curse! ” He lked ___2___ , s I avided eye cntact as he settled.
“Hi, I’m Sara.” I awkwardly ffered my right hand.
“… Gerge.” He paused befre accepting it.
Then, ur chat tk ff. Charles had never left the cuntry r rarely talked t strangers, while I, a third culture kid, grew up with friends frm arund the wrld. As we learned mre abut each ther, we bth seemed t ___3___ . Listening t Gerge, I felt thankful fr his ___4___ , age cntrast nt with standing. It’s ften ur experiences that ___5___ us, nt age.
Our cnversatin was interrupted by my grwling stmach. I tk ut a sandwich and handed Gerge anther ne. “Wuld yu eat with me? ” At first, he refused in shck. But the determinatin n my face must have been very persuasive. After a mment’s hesitatin, he accepted it.
As silence settled in, I felt myself falling asleep.
The sudden tap n my shulder made me ___6___ in my seat. It was Gerge, ready t get ff the bus. As I extended my hand fr a final handshake, he ___7___ it in bth f his, lking directly at me, his eyes full f ___8___ . “Thank yu fr being s kind t me. Safe travels.”
Lking utside, I realized that I had ___9___ shwn genersity t this ld man, wh had prbably never been ffered fd by a stranger. If I felt this gd simply because I had uncnsciusly brightened smene’s day, I wnder hw wnderful it wuld feel t shw strangers kindness with ___10___ .
1. A. steppedB. wanderedC. returnedD. apprached
2. A. excitedB. nervusC. cnfusedD. cnfident
3. A. relaxB. fcusC. wrryD. hesitate
4. A. guidanceB. wisdmC. hnestyD. cmpany
5. A. createB. shapeC. discverD. cntrl
6. A. sht upB. sit backC. bend dwnD. stretch ut
7. A. wavedB. supprtedC. cuppedD. balanced
8. A. hpeB. gratitudeC. prideD. curisity
9. A. cnsistentlyB. purpselyC. accidentallyD. thughtfully
10. A. intentinB. sympathyC. inspiratinD. expectatin
【答案】1. D 2. B 3. A 4. D 5. B 6. A 7. C 8. B 9. C 10. A
【语篇解读】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者13岁独自一人去伦敦做了一次长途旅行，路上遇到了一个老人，两人作伴，作者和老人分享了自己的食物。老人最后感激作者的善良。
【1题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：当我在长汽车上坐下时，一位头发花白的老人走过来，问是否可以坐在我旁边。A. stepped行走；B. wandered徘徊；C. returned返回；D. apprached靠近。根据后文“and asked if he culd sit beside me”可知，老人靠近询问能否作者坐在旁边。故选D。
【2题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：“当然！”他看起来很紧张，所以在他坐下的时候，我避开了目光接触。A. excited激动的；B. nervus紧张的；C. cnfused困惑的；D. cnfident自信的。根据后文“I avided eye cntact as he settled”以及“Charles had never left the cuntry r rarely talked t strangers(查尔斯从来没有离开过这个国家，也很少和陌生人说话)”可知，老人很少和陌生人说话，而作者发觉了对方的紧张，避开了目光接触。故选B。
【3题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：随着我们对彼此了解的加深，我们似乎都放松了下来。A. relax放松；B. fcus集中；C. wrry担心；D. hesitate犹豫。根据上文“As we learned mre abut each ther, we bth seemed t”以及“I awkwardly ffered my right hand.”可知，他们一开始不自在紧张，随着了解的加深放松了下来。故选A。
【4题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：听着乔治的话，我对他的陪伴心存感激，尽管年龄相差很大。A. guidance指导；B. wisdm智慧；C. hnesty诚实；D. cmpany陪伴。根据上文“asked if he culd sit beside me”可知，老人在作者旁边坐下，陪伴了作者。故选D。
【5题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：通常是我们的经历塑造了我们，而不是年龄。A. create创造；B. shape塑造；C. discver发现；D. cntrl控制。根据上文“It’s ften ur experiences that”作者想要强调塑造我们的是经历，而不是年龄。故选B。
【6题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：突然有人拍了拍我的肩膀，使我在座位上猛地坐了起来。A. sht up迅速上升，迅速坐起；B. sit back袖手旁观；C. bend dwn弯腰；D. stretch ut伸展。根据上文“As silence settled in, I felt myself falling asleep.(静下来后，我觉得自己睡着了)”以及“The sudden tap n my shulder made me”可知，作者睡着了有人拍肩膀，于是在座位上猛地坐了起来。故选A。
【7题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：当我伸出手最后一次握手时，他双手捧起，直视着我，眼里充满了感激。A. waved挥动；B. supprted支持；C. cupped捧起；D. balanced平衡。根据上文“As I extended my hand fr a final handshake”以及后文“in bth f his”指老人双手捧住了作者伸出的手，故选C。
【8题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：当我伸出手最后一次握手时，他双手捧起，直视着我，眼里充满了感激。A. hpe希望；B. gratitude感激；C. pride骄傲；D. curisity好奇心。根据后文“Thank yu fr being s kind t me.(谢谢你对我这么好)”可知，老人感激作者，故选B。
【9题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：向外看了看，我意识到我无意中对这位老人表现出了慷慨，他可能从来没有被陌生人提供过食物。A. cnsistently持续地；B. purpsely故意地；C. accidentally意外地；D. thughtfully体贴地。根据后文“I had uncnsciusly brightened smene’s day”以及上文可知，作者和老人是偶遇，所以是无意中表现出了慷慨。故选C。
【10题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：如果我感觉这么好只是因为我无意中照亮了别人的一天，我想知道，有意识地向陌生人表达善意会有多么美妙。A. intentin意图；B. sympathy同情；C. inspiratin灵感；D. expectatin期待。根据上文“If I felt this gd simply because I had uncnsciusly brightened smene’s day, I wnder hw wnderful it wuld feel t shw strangers kindness with”可知，无意中的善举让作者照亮了别人的一天，所以作者好奇有意识地向陌生人表达善意会有多么美妙。故选A。
第二节(共10小题;每小题1. 5分，共15分)
阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
A
阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
During my summer vacatin in the US, I nce asked fr a cup f ht water at a restaurant. The waiter’s ___11___ (cnfuse) lk suggested my request seemed strange. In America, peple lve t drink ice-cld water. But in China, we prefer ht water. The waiter ___12___ (cme) back with a glass f rm temperature water. I plitely asked again, “Can I please have sme ht water?” The waiter finally understd and brught me a steaming cup f ht water. ___13___ (learn) smething new abut each ther’s cultures, we bth smiled.
【答案】11. cnfused 12. came 13. Learning
【语篇解读】这是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了作者在美国过暑假在餐厅里要热水的经历。
【11题详解】
考查形容词。句意：服务员困惑的表情表明我的要求似乎有些奇怪。修饰lk，且表示“感到困惑的”应用形容词cnfused。故填cnfused。
【12题详解】
考查时态。句意：服务员端来一杯常温的水。事情发生在过去，用一般过去时。故填came。
【13题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：了解了彼此的文化，我们都笑了。此处learn与we构成主动关系，故用现在分词作状语，首字母大写。故填Learning。
B
阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
Tday, many peple wnder ___14___ electric cars are better than gasline cars. Sme argue they are clean, nt-plluting and cheaper, ___15___ gasline cars are still very ppular. They can drive lng distances ___16___ needing t recharge, and they als refuel mre quickly, taking nly a few minutes at a gas statin. Additinally, there are mre gas statins than charging statins, making gasline cars mre cnvenient fr lng trips.
【答案】14. if##whether 15. but 16. withut
【语篇解读】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了汽油车的优点。
【14题详解】
考查宾语从句。句意：今天，许多人想知道电动车是否比汽油车好。引导宾语从句，从句不缺少成分，表示“是否”可用if或whether。故填if/whether。
【15题详解】
考查连词。句意：有些人认为它们清洁、无污染、便宜，但汽油车仍然很受欢迎。结合前后文语境可知为转折关系，应用连词but。故填but。
【16题详解】
考查介词。句意：它们可以行驶很长的距离而不需要充电，而且它们也可以更快地加油，在加油站只需要几分钟。后跟动名词作宾语，表示“不”用介词withut。故填withut。
C
阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
Shanxi is a huge museum f histry and culture. Recently, the game Black Myth: Wukng ___17___ (gain) a lt f attentin. T shwcase the beauty f Chinese architecture, the game features ver twenty scenes, ___18___ temples and twers are mdeled after ancient Shanxi’s buildings. A vide entitled Travel Shanxi with Wukng has been released t fllw in the ftsteps and take viewers n a virtual tur f every famus ___19___ (attractive). This clse cnnectin t the game wrld allws us ___20___ (use) digital platfrms t intrduce Shanxi’s high-quality cultural and turism resurces thrugh interactive methds.
【答案】17. has gained 18. where 19. attractin 20. t use
【语篇解读】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了山西的许多景点因为游戏《黑神话：悟空》而获得关注。
【17题详解】
考查时态。句意：最近，游戏《黑神话：悟空》获得了很多关注。根据上文Recently可知为现在完成时，主语为the game，助动词用has。故填has gained。
【18题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：为了展示中国建筑之美，游戏中有20多个场景，其中的寺庙和塔楼都是仿照山西古代建筑设计的。非限制性定语从句修饰先行词scenes，在从句作地点状语，故填where。
【19题详解】
考查名词。句意：近日，一段名为《跟着悟空游山西》的视频发布，跟随悟空的脚步，带领观众虚拟游遍了每一个著名景点。作宾语，应用名词attractin，且every后跟单数形式。故填attractin。
【20题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：这种与游戏世界的紧密联系，让我们可以利用数字平台，通过互动的方式，介绍山西优质的文化和旅游资源。短语allw sb. t d sth.表示“允许某人做某事”。故填t use。
第二部分 阅读理解(共两节，38分)
第一节(共14小题;每小题2分，共28分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
A
The Oxfrd Cllege Farm, lcated n the edge f Oxfrd campus f Emry University, was created in 2014 after the dnatin f eleven acres (英亩) f land frm an Emry graduate. Here, rganic and fresh fd is grwn bth fr Emry’s campuses and the surrunding cmmunities. Als, the farm prvides students acrss disciplines with hands-n experience in sustainable agriculture.
If yu are lking fr lcal and rganically-grwn fd, delicius varieties harvested at the peak f ripeness r ther exciting pssibilities, cme and jin the Oxfrd Cllege Farm Cmmunity Supprted Agriculture (CSA) Prgram! Just take it as a subscriptin prgram that allws yu t be a steward (管家) f the land while eating well!
CSA Prgram Membership
·Tur the gardens n weekdays.
·Enjy lcally-grwn, fresh, and seasnal prduce.
·Receive newsletter featuring garden updates and recipe suggestins.
·Have pririty fr signing up fr next year’s CSA.
Sign-up Reminders
·Fill in yur infrmatin, including yur Emry NetID, first name, last name, preferred email, preferred phne, hme address, city, state and zip cde.
·Select yur pickup lcatin: Oxfrd Farmers Mkt, Atl Campus Kaldi’s, Atl Campus Math/ Sci, Emry University Hspital.
·Chse yur pickup seasn (s). Please nte that prices vary frm seasn t seasn. T receive a 10% discunt, yu can participate in all seasns.
·Use a delivery service if yu need. It is free fr all rders ver $30, therwise fees vary anywhere frm $2 t $5 depending n distance.
If yu are unable t jin the CSA because f financial need, please email us at xfarm@ emry. edu t discuss. Membership t the CSA is limited, s sign up as sn as pssible! Dn’t miss ut n this pprtunity t supprt sustainable agriculture and enjy fresh, lcally-grwn fd!
21. The Oxfrd Cllege Farm _________.
A. is managed by Emry graduates B. is tailred fr agriculture majrs
C. allws students t experience in persnD. makes dnatins t nearby cmmunities
22. The CSA members can _________.
A. get latest news abut the gardensB. enjy free delivery service
C. take part in farm turs n weekendsD. get discunts fr membership renewal
23. If yu want t sign up fr the CSA prgram, yu need t _________.
A. send an email in advance B. fill in yur financial cnditins
C. chse yur preferred pickup sptD. guarantee t participate in all seasns
【答案】21. C 22. A 23. C
【语篇解读】这是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了牛津大学农场的项目以及参加要求。
【21题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段“Als, the farm prvides students acrss disciplines with hands-n experience in sustainable agriculture.(此外，农场为跨学科的学生提供可持续农业的实践经验)”可知，牛津大学农场允许学生亲自体验。故选C。
【22题详解】
细节理解题。根据CSA Prgram Membership部分中“·Receive newsletter featuring garden updates and recipe suggestins.(·接收以花园更新和食谱建议为特色的讯息)”可知，CSA成员可以得到关于花园的最新消息。故选A。
【23题详解】
细节理解题。根据Sign-up Reminders部分中“·Select yur pickup lcatin: Oxfrd Farmers Mkt, Atl Campus Kaldi’s, Atl Campus Math/ Sci, Emry University Hspital.(·选择您的接送地点：牛津农民市场，Atl Campus Kaldi’s，Atl校园数学/科学，埃默里大学医院)”可知，如果你想报名参加CSA项目，你需要选择你喜欢的接送点。故选C。
B
Nici Mense, the New Yrk Jets’ first full-time dietitian, faces the demanding task f managing the daily nutritinal needs f prfessinal athletes. Recently, she has successfully cmpleted her seventh seasn with the team.
Prperly fueling players s that they feel the difference in their perfrmance is smething she learned while playing sccer at university. “I fund sccer t be mre demanding n my bdy than I had expected, and I needed t maintain my energy thrugh prper nutritin t match my perfrmance n the field, ” she said. “This realizatin changed my perspective. I’ve always lved sprts and fd, s cmbining the tw made the mst sense. ”
Mense jined the New Yrk Jets and has stayed in tune with the team’s schedule. “My hurs vary frm time t time, ” she said. “It’s the busiest during training camp thrugh the end f the seasn. We will wrk seven days a week unless it’s ur bye week, when we dn’t play a game during the seasn. We ensure players fuel prperly befre, during and after practice. They receive recvery shakes, snacks and fruit fr pst-practice recvery. While they are in training thrughut the day, that’s my time t plan fr the weeks ahead. ”
Occasinally, athletes need a warm-up perid when wrking with a dietitian. “It can be quite challenging t prve that dietitians are here t help them and that we are nt the fd plice, ” said Mense. “There are times when a player desn’t listen t the educatin and injures themselves. But it’s always s awesme t see when it wrks fr them. ” Nevertheless, Mense feels fulfilled in her rle and cntinues t push the athletes, knwing that nutritin is key t fueling perfrmance, recvery and lng-term health.
Mense describes herself as “bsessed” with her field, cnstantly evlving and gaining knwledge. “If I am the same dietitian three years frm nw, then I am ding smething wrng, ” she declared. “The mre pen-minded I am, and the mre I am able t learn as a prfessinal, the better I can help athletes with their gals. ”
By staying at the frefrnt f her field, Mense prvides athletes with essential nutritin strategies t supprt their perfrmance, recvery, and lng-term health. With her dedicatin and expertise, it’s clear that prfessinal athletes are truly eating their way t victry.
24. What mtivated Nici Mense t chse her career?
A. Her urge t make life changes. B. Her experience f playing sccer.
C. Her admiratin fr athletes’ spirits.D. Her dream f being a prfessinal athlete.
25. What can we learn abut Nici Mense?
A. She keeps her prfessinal knwledge updated.
B. Her pririty is t prvide pst-game recvery meals.
C. She wrks seven days a week during the seasn perid.
D. Her wrking hurs are fixed thrughut the entire seasn.
26. Nici Mense smetimes finds it hard t wrk with athletes because they _________.
A. put their persnal interests first B. cmplain abut their unhealthy diet
C. disagree abut their training scheduleD. dubt the rle f a dietitian in their team
27. Which wrds can best describe Nici Mense?
A. Determined and generus. B. Humble and innvative.
C. Talkative and pen-minded.D. Enthusiastic and cmmitted.
【答案】24. B 25. A 26. D 27. D
【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。文章介绍了纽约喷气机队营养师尼西・门斯，包括其职业选择缘由、工作内容及自身专业态度等。
【24题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段“Prperly fueling players s that they feel the difference in their perfrmance is smething she learned while playing sccer at university. ‘I fund sccer t be mre demanding n my bdy than I had expected, and I needed t maintain my energy thrugh prper nutritin t match my perfrmance n the field,’ she said. ‘This realizatin changed my perspective. I’ve always lved sprts and fd, s cmbining the tw made the mst sense.’(给运动员合理补充能量，让他们感受到自身表现的差异，这是她在大学踢足球时学到的。她说：‘我发现足球对我身体的要求比我预期的要高，我需要通过合理的营养来保持能量，以匹配我在球场上的表现。这种认识改变了我的看法。我一直热爱体育和美食，所以将两者结合起来是最合理的。’)”可知，是她大学踢足球时的经历让她意识到营养对运动表现的重要性，从而促使她选择了现在的职业。故选B项。
【25题详解】
细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“Mense describes herself as ‘bsessed’ with her field, cnstantly evlving and gaining knwledge. ‘If I am the same dietitian three years frm nw, then I am ding smething wrng, ’ she declared. ‘The mre pen-minded I am, and the mre I am able t learn as a prfessinal, the better I can help athletes with their gals. ’(门斯称自己对自己的领域‘着迷’，不断发展并获取知识。她宣称：‘如果三年后我还是同一个营养师，那我就做错了。我越开明，作为一名专业人士我能学到的越多，我就能越好地帮助运动员实现他们的目标。’)”可知，门斯不断更新自己的专业知识。故选A项。
【26题详解】
细节理解题。根据第四段“Occasinally, athletes need a warm-up perid when wrking with a dietitian. ‘It can be quite challenging t prve that dietitians are here t help them and that we are nt the fd plice,’ said Mense.(偶尔，运动员在与营养师合作时需要一个磨合阶段。门斯说：‘要证明营养师是来帮助他们的，而我们不是‘食物警察’，这可能相当具有挑战性。’)”可知，有时运动员会怀疑营养师在团队中的作用，觉得营养师像“食物警察”一样限制他们。故选D项。
【27题详解】
推理判断题。从文中门斯在纽约喷气机队多年，用心满足运动员营养需求，称自己对领域“着迷”，不断更新知识等内容，比如倒数第二段“Mense describes herself as ‘bsessed’ with her field, cnstantly evlving and gaining knwledge.(Mense 称自己对自己的领域‘着迷’，不断发展并获取知识)”以及她始终致力于通过营养助力运动员表现、恢复和健康等方面，能看出她对工作充满热情且尽心尽力，可用Enthusiastic and cmmitted来形容她。故选D项。
C
Accrding t an idea called the “inflatinary (暴胀的) multiverse”, the universe has been cnstantly expanding, which wuld have created a cuntless number f ther universes. Cllectively, these csmic islands frm what scientists call a “multiverse”. Hwever, ther universes may lie beynd ur scientific reach, physically and philsphically. Cnsequently, the methdlgies by which physicists might validate (验证) the multiverse and whether such validatin is even pssible remain unreslved inquiries.
In science, hyptheses (假说) are used t prpse explanatins, but frm hyptheses t theries, validatin f predictins is essential t see whether initial assumptins are supprted r disprved. Theretical physicist Carl Rvelli says, “It is hard t write theries that survive the prf f reality. Few survive thanks t a basic idea: D nt trust yur fancies. Keep nly the ideas that can be tested.” Rvelli adds, “Tday many physicists are wasting time trying t guess and jumping t cnclusins. This apprach has never wrked previusly, and it is nt wrking nw.” The multiverse might be ne f thse wild guesses.
Nw, physicists are debating whether that prblem mves the multiverse frm physics t metaphysics, frm the wrld f science t that f philsphy. Philspher Richard Dawid believes scientists culd supprt the multiverse hyptheses withut actually finding physical supprt. “If we have a thery that seems t wrk, and have cme up with nthing that wrks better, chances are ur idea is right,” he says. Nt everyne is s cheerful, thugh. Sabine Hssenfelder, anther theretical physicist, thinks “Withut making cntact with bservatin, a thery isn’t part f the natural sciences, and nt physics.”
Sme supprters f the multiverse claim they have fund physical evidence. Andrei Linde insists “Our universe seems fine-tuned (精调的) t be favurable t life, with a fur-dimensinal space in which we can live. It is certain that in an eternally inflating multiverse, ne f the universes shuld turn ut like urs. Each universe can have different physical laws and fundamentals. Given limitless changes, a universe n which humans can be brn will be brn. The multiverse actually explains why we’re here. And ur existence, therefre, helps explain why the multiverse is plausible.”
Just as Einstein’s thery f general relativity culd nly be cnfirmed recently with a billin-dllar instrument called LIGO, scientists may eventually discver mre direct evidence f the multiverse. S far, all f science has relied n testability, but thse tests take time, and mst thereticians want t wait it ut. They are nt ready t shelve an idea like the multiverse — which culd actually be the answer t life, the universe and everything — until and unless they can prve t themselves it desn’t exist. And that day may never cme.
28. What can we learn frm the passage?
A. The multiverse is recgnized as a thery.
B. The multiverse starts debates n human existence.
C. Rvelli criticizes physicists fr their baseless fancies.
D. Dawid emphasizes the necessity f physical evidence.
29. What des the underlined wrd “plausible” in Paragraph 4 prbably mean?
A. Credible.B. Cmplex.C. Essential.D. Fascinating.
30. As fr the existence f multiverse, the authr is _________.
A. negativeB. neutral C. certain D. psitive
31. Which wuld be the best title fr this passage?
A. Mysteries f Multiverse: Fine-Tuned fr Life
B. Can Physicists Ever Prve the Multiverse Is Real?
C. The Inflatinary Multiverse: Prven Beynd Dubt
D. Have Physicists Lst Their Minds in the Multiverse?
【答案】28. C 29. A 30. D 31. B
【语篇解读】这是一篇说明文。文章主要解释了什么是多元宇宙，以及物理学家对于这一概念的不同看法和论证。
【28题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段“Theretical physicist Carl Rvelli says, “It is hard t write theries that survive the prf f reality. Few survive thanks t a basic idea: D nt trust yur fancies. Keep nly the ideas that can be tested.” Rvelli adds, “Tday many physicists are wasting time trying t guess and jumping t cnclusins. This apprach has never wrked previusly, and it is nt wrking nw.” The multiverse might be ne f thse wild guesses.(理论物理学家Carl Rvelli说：“很难写出经得起现实证明的理论。很少有理论能幸存下来，这要归功于一个基本的理念：不要相信你的幻想。只保留那些可以被测试的想法。”Rvelli补充道：“今天，许多物理学家都在浪费时间去猜测和草率下结论。这种方法以前从未奏效，现在也行不通。”多元宇宙可能是这些大胆的猜测之一)”可知，罗维利批评物理学家毫无根据的幻想（包括多元宇宙），认为真正的理论需要现实上经得起被测试。故选C。
【29题详解】
词句猜测题。根据划线词上文“It is certain that in an eternally inflating multiverse, ne f the universes shuld turn ut like urs. Each universe can have different physical laws and fundamentals. Given limitless changes, a universe n which humans can be brn will be brn. The multiverse actually explains why we’re here.(可以肯定的是，在一个永远膨胀的多元宇宙中，其中一个宇宙应该和我们的宇宙一样。每个宇宙都有不同的物理定律和基本原理。鉴于无限的变化，一个人类可以诞生的宇宙将会诞生。多元宇宙实际上解释了我们为什么在这里)”以及“And ur existence, therefre, helps explain why the multiverse is(因此，我们的存在有助于解释为什么多元宇宙……)”可知，上文therefre表示因果关系，说明多元宇宙实际上解释了我们为什么在这里，而我们的存在有助于解释多元宇宙的概念是可信的。故划线词意思是“可信的”。故选A。
【30题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段“Just as Einstein’s thery f general relativity culd nly be cnfirmed recently with a billin-dllar instrument called LIGO, scientists may eventually discver mre direct evidence f the multiverse.(正如爱因斯坦的广义相对论直到最近才被价值数十亿美元的LIGO仪器证实一样，科学家们最终可能会发现多元宇宙的更直接证据)”和“They are nt ready t shelve an idea like the multiverse — which culd actually be the answer t life, the universe and everything — until and unless they can prve t themselves it desn’t exist. And that day may never cme.(他们还没有准备好搁置像多元宇宙这样的想法——它实际上可能是生命、宇宙和一切的答案——除非他们能证明它不存在。这一天可能永远不会到来)”可知，对于多元宇宙的存在，作者是肯定的态度。故选D。
【31题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第一段“Accrding t an idea called the “inflatinary (暴胀的) multiverse”, the universe has been cnstantly expanding, which wuld have created a cuntless number f ther universes. Cllectively, these csmic islands frm what scientists call a “multiverse”. Hwever, ther universes may lie beynd ur scientific reach, physically and philsphically. Cnsequently, the methdlgies by which physicists might validate (验证) the multiverse and whether such validatin is even pssible remain unreslved inquiries.(根据一种被称为“暴胀多元宇宙”的观点，宇宙一直在不断膨胀，这将创造出无数的其他宇宙。总的来说，这些宇宙岛屿形成了科学家所谓的“多元宇宙”。然而，其他宇宙可能在物理和哲学上都超出了我们的科学范围。因此，物理学家可能用来验证多重宇宙的方法，以及这种验证是否可能，仍然是未解决的问题)”结合文章主要解释了什么是多元宇宙，以及物理学家对于这一概念的不同看法和论证。可知，B选项“物理学家能证明多元宇宙是真实的吗？”最符合文章标题。故选B。
D
Pure mathematics fascinates me, precisely because it is s inaccessible. I envisin it as a remte, chilly, dangerus place, like Antarctica’s Sentinel Range. The hard y suls wh surmunt its peaks seem superhuman.
Perhaps because I rmanticize mathematicians, I’m trubled by the thught that machines might replace them. I stated this pssibility in The Death f Prf, published in the Octber 1993 Scientific American. In respnse t the grwing cmplexity f mathematics, I reprted, mathematicians were becming increasingly reliant n cmputers. I asked, “Will the great mathematicians f the next century be made f silicn (硅)?”
Mathematicians are still annyed abut that article, even as the trends I described have cntinued. Anthny Brdg at Cambridge University wrries that his field culd face a “replicatin crisis” (复制危机) like that trubling scientific research. Mathematicians, Brdg ntes, smetimes accept a prf nt because they have checked it, step by step, but because they trust the prf’s methds and authr. Given the “increasing difficulty in checking the crrectness f mathematical arguments”, ld-fashined peer review may n lnger be sufficient. Outstanding mathematicians have published “prfs” s nvel and elabrate that even specialists in the relevant mathematics can’t validate them. Brdg suggests cmputerized “prf assistants ” will help cnfirm prfs. Researchers have already invented an “interactive therem prver (交互式定理证明程序)” that can check prfs and even prpse imprvements.
Sme mathematicians welcme the digitizatin f mathematics fr accuracy. Others are cnflicted. Michael Harris sees mathematics as “a free, creative activity” pursued fr its wn sake, fr the pure jy f discvery and insight. He wrries such tls will encurage a “limited visin” f mathematics as an ecnmic prduct rather than “a way f being human”. After all, many funders f mathematical research, including technlgy giants, value mathematics primarily fr its applicatins.
We value science fr applicatins, t. Sentimental science writing, including mine, implies that science’s purpse is insight int nature. In the mdern era, hwever, science’s primary gal is pwer. Science helps us cntrl nature fr varius ends: t enrich and entertain, t bst ecnmy, and t defeat enemies. Mdern physics, t mst f us, is incmprehensible, but wh cares when physics gives us smartphnes and hydrgen bmbs?
Physicists ften adpt a utilitarian (实用主义的) mindset, exemplified by the slgan “Shut up and calculate!” That is what prfessrs suppsedly tell students stuck in quantum mechanics. Stephen Hawking and Martin Rees have predicted artificial intelligence will play an increasing rle in physics. Wuldn’t it be funny if a quantum AI finds the lng-sught unified thery f physics, but nt even brilliant therist Edward Witten understands it?
Given the pwerful frces behind autmatizatin, if machines can replace mathematicians, they prbably will, just as they are replacing drivers, bank tellers, travel agents, cashiers and ther wrkers. Mathematicians’ wishes, such as their desire t pursue truth purely fr its wn sake, might be unlikely. The charm f math can hardly be preserved in face f the pwerful frces behind autmatizatin.
32. “Replicatin crisis” is mentined t _________.
A. reduce a particular cncern B. justify the use f digital assistants
C. questin the rle f authrity in mathD. highlight the ptential threat f machines
33. Advcates f utilitarianism in science wuld prbably agree that _________.
A. insight int nature is a prirityB. autmatizatin is a majr trend
C. quantum AI remains a fantasyD. pwer is an apprach t digitizatin
34. What can be learned frm this passage?
A. Utilitarian mindset pushes physics frward.
B. Quantum mechanics unifies theries f physics.
C. The humanity f mathematics is hard t maintain.
D. Leading mathematicians’ prfs are beynd understanding.
【答案】32. B 33. B 34. C
【语篇解读】这是一篇说明文。文章主要论述了数学家们越来越依赖计算机，研究领域可能会出现危机，对此不同的人表达了各自不同的看法。
【32题详解】
推理判断题。根据第三段“Anthny Brdg at Cambridge University wrries that his field culd face a “replicatin crisis” (复制危机) like that trubling scientific research. Mathematicians, Brdg ntes, smetimes accept a prf nt because they have checked it, step by step, but because they trust the prf’s methds and authr. Given the “increasing difficulty in checking the crrectness f mathematical arguments”, ld-fashined peer review may n lnger be sufficient. Outstanding mathematicians have published “prfs” s nvel and elabrate that even specialists in the relevant mathematics can’t validate them. Brdg suggests cmputerized “prf assistants ” will help cnfirm prfs. Researchers have already invented an “interactive therem prver (交互式定理证明程序)” that can check prfs and even prpse imprvements.(剑桥大学的Anthny Brdg担心，他的研究领域可能会面临像困扰科学研究那样的“复制危机”。博格指出，数学家有时接受一个证明，并不是因为他们已经一步一步地检验了它，而是因为他们信任这个证明的方法和作者。考虑到“检验数学论证正确性的难度越来越大”，老式的同行评议可能不再足够。杰出的数学家发表的“证明”是如此新颖和详尽，以至于连相关数学领域的专家都无法证实它们。Brdg建议计算机化的“证明助手”将帮助确认证据。研究人员已经发明了一种“交互式定理证明程序”，可以检查证明，甚至提出改进建议)”可知，提到“复制危机”是为了证明使用数字助理的合理性。故选B。
【33题详解】
推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“Physicists ften adpt a utilitarian (实用主义的) mindset, exemplified by the slgan “Shut up and calculate!” That is what prfessrs suppsedly tell students stuck in quantum mechanics. Stephen Hawking and Martin Rees have predicted artificial intelligence will play an increasing rle in physics. (物理学家常常抱着实用主义的心态，他们的口号就是“闭嘴，计算！”这应该是教授们对被量子力学困住的学生们说的话。斯蒂芬·霍金和马丁·里斯预测，人工智能将在物理学中发挥越来越大的作用)”可知，像斯蒂芬·霍金和马丁·里斯的科学实用主义的倡导者预测人工智能将在物理学中发挥越来越大的作用，他们可能会同意自动化是一个主要趋势。故选B。
【34题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段“Given the pwerful frces behind autmatizatin, if machines can replace mathematicians, they prbably will, just as they are replacing drivers, bank tellers, travel agents, cashiers and ther wrkers. Mathematicians’ wishes, such as their desire t pursue truth purely fr its wn sake, might be unlikely. The charm f math can hardly be preserved in face f the pwerful frces behind autmatizatin.(考虑到自动化背后的强大力量，如果机器能够取代数学家，它们很可能会取代数学家，就像它们正在取代司机、银行柜员、旅行社、收银员和其他工人一样。数学家们的愿望，比如纯粹为了追求真理而追求真理的愿望，可能不太可能实现。面对自动化背后的强大力量，数学的魅力很难保持)”可知，机器可能会取代数学家，数学家们纯粹为了追求真理而追求真理的愿望可能不太可能实现，数学的人性化很难维持。故选C。
第二节(共5小题;每小题2分，共10分)
根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Are yu struggling with lw self-esteem (自尊)? If s, yu may have been tld t repeat phrases such as “I’m a lvable persn”. ___35___ Hwever, when psychlgists tested the effects f such psitive self-talk, they fund “txic psitivity” — the phenmenn that a frced ptimistic interpretatin f ur experiences alngside the bttling up f negative emtins can d real damage.
___36___ Beginning in the industrial revlutin, sciecnmic gals arund prductivity and efficiency cntributed t a culture where emtins, especially paralyzing nes like sadness, were seen as handbrakes t ecnmic utput. If smene was struggling, they were advised t have mre faith rather than encuraged t explre the rt causes. Science als takes sme blame. Histrically, psychlgists didn’t cnsider emtins as justified phenmena t study, s there was little understanding f their significant impact n mental health.
It isn’t surprising that we want t believe things will turn ut better if we have psitive attitude. After all, there is a grwing bdy f research indicating that an ptimistic utlk n life des have benefits, such as prmting physical health, bsting energy, and reducing stress. It als isn’t surprising that we label certain emtins, like anger, guilt, fear, and bitterness, as bad because they d feel unpleasant. ___37___
Nevertheless, it is becming apparent that psitivity has its limits. In 2021, a meta-analysis with mre than 217, 000 participants investigated the link between ptimism, pessimism and mrtality. It fund that an ptimistic utlk was indeed assciated with the lwer risk f death, hwever, bth unrealistic ptimism and pessimism were linked t a higher risk f death. ___38___
Hw can we escape txic psitivity? Susan Davis frm Harvard Medical Schl emphasizes the imprtance f allwing urselves t sit with uncmfrtable emtins. ___39___ The key t managing emtins des nt lie in judging neself fr feeling negative emtins, but simply experiencing them, knwing that they will pass.
A. We need t accept them as a nrmal part f human experience.
B. Our tendency t avid the darker aspects f human experience isn’t new.
C. When we experience them, we can becme cnsumed, disturbed r inactive.
D. Neglecting negative emtins is als fund t be harmful t ur mental health.
E. They urge us t inject a bit f psitive emtin int ur day t gain the benefits.
F. Psitive chants like this are set t bst a persn’s md and feelings f self-wrth.
G. We are mre likely t perceive nrmal emtins as mental prblems needing treatment.
【答案】35. F 36. B 37. C 38. D 39. A
【语篇解读】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了消极情绪给人带来的影响以及应该如何应对消极情绪。
【35题详解】
根据上文“Are yu struggling with lw self-esteem (自尊)? If s, yu may have been tld t repeat phrases such as “I’m a lvable persn”.(你是否在与自卑作斗争？如果是这样，你可能被告知要重复诸如“我是一个可爱的人”之类的短语)”以及后文“Hwever, when psychlgists tested the effects f such psitive self-talk, they fund “txic psitivity” — the phenmenn that a frced ptimistic interpretatin f ur experiences alngside the bttling up f negative emtins can d real damage.(然而，当心理学家测试这种积极的自言自语的效果时，他们发现了“有毒的积极”——一种强迫乐观地解释我们的经历，同时压抑消极情绪的现象，会造成真正的伤害)”可知，后文与本句构成转折，推测本句主要解释上文“重复诸如“我是一个可爱的人”之类的短语”这类语言的作用，F选项中Psitive chants like this对应上文repeat phrases。故F选项“像这样的积极的重复话语是用来提升一个人的情绪和自我价值感的”符合语境，故选F。
【36题详解】
根据本段内容“Beginning in the industrial revlutin, sciecnmic gals arund prductivity and efficiency cntributed t a culture where emtins, especially paralyzing nes like sadness, were seen as handbrakes t ecnmic utput. If smene was struggling, they were advised t have mre faith rather than encuraged t explre the rt causes. Science als takes sme blame. Histrically, psychlgists didn’t cnsider emtins as justified phenmena t study, s there was little understanding f their significant impact n mental health.(从工业革命开始，围绕生产力和效率的社会经济目标促成了一种文化，在这种文化中，情绪，尤其是像悲伤这样的麻痹性情绪，被视为经济产出的手闸。如果有人正在挣扎，他们会被建议要有更多的信心，而不是被鼓励去探索根本原因。科学也要承担一些责任。从历史上看，心理学家并不认为情绪是一种合理的研究现象，因此人们对情绪对心理健康的重大影响知之甚少)”可知，本段主要介绍了人类回避消极情绪的历史起源，故B选项“我们回避人类经历阴暗面的倾向并不新鲜”符合语境，故选B。
【37题详解】
根据上文“It als isn’t surprising that we label certain emtins, like anger, guilt, fear, and bitterness, as bad because they d feel unpleasant.(我们把某些情绪，如愤怒、内疚、恐惧和痛苦，贴上不好的标签，因为它们确实让人感到不愉快，这也不足为奇)”可知，本句为本段最后一句，上文提到了一些消极的情绪，推测本句承接上文，说明这些情绪所带来的影响，C选项中them对应上文certain emtins。故C选项“当我们经历它们的时候，我们会变得疲惫、不安或不活跃”符合语境，故选C。
【38题详解】
根据上文“It fund that an ptimistic utlk was indeed assciated with the lwer risk f death, hwever, bth unrealistic ptimism and pessimism were linked t a higher risk f death. (研究发现，乐观的前景确实与较低的死亡风险有关，然而，不切实际的乐观和悲观都与较高的死亡风险有关)”可知，本句是对上文研究发现的补充说明，说明关于负面情绪的发现，D选项中als fund对应上文fund。故D选项“忽视负面情绪也被发现对我们的心理健康有害”符合语境，故选D。
【39题详解】
根据上文“Hw can we escape txic psitivity? Susan Davis frm Harvard Medical Schl emphasizes the imprtance f allwing urselves t sit with uncmfrtable emtins.(我们怎样才能摆脱有害的积极情绪呢？哈佛医学院的苏珊·戴维斯强调了让自己面对不舒服情绪的重要性)”以及后文“The key t managing emtins des nt lie in judging neself fr feeling negative emtins, but simply experiencing them, knwing that they will pass. (管理情绪的关键不在于判断自己是否有负面情绪，而在于体验它们，知道它们会过去)”可知，上文提到让自己面对不舒服情绪的重要性，后文提到了管理方法，可知需要先接受不舒服的情绪，然后进行情绪管理。故A选项“我们需要接受它们是人类经历的正常组成部分”符合语境，故选A。
第三部分 书面表达(共两节，32分)
第一节(共4小题;第40、41题各2分，第42题3分，第43题5分，共12分)
阅读下面短文，根据题目要求用英文回答问题。
My path was lng t recgnizing my vcatin (职业) , much lnger than it had t be. My parents were prfessrs f engineering. Science was the hrizn f pssibility in my family; nthing else cunted r even existed. N matter hw much I lved t read and write, it never ccurred t me t majr in anything else.
I had been curius abut bilgy and psychlgy in high schl, s when I knew Clumbia ffered a jint majr in the tw fields, I chse it n the spt. The feeling, ther than excitement, was ne f relief. I culdn’t bear the uncertainty that cllege represented. Instead f pening ptins up, I needed t shut them dwn. I had lcked up three-quarters f my curses fr the next fur years, and I hadn’t even gne t a single class.
There was n ne there t stp me. I wuld mpe (消沉) in the back f thse lectures, reading a nvel behind my ntebk, unaware f the fact that I was trying t tell myself smething. I dn’t knw exactly when things went wrng with my chsen curse f study. By the time I realized that I shuld have been an English majr, it was t late t make the switch. I ended up wrking in a tiny nnprfit that meant nthing t me, with n idea where I shuld g next.
And then I happened t be visiting a friend in architecture schl. She wasn’t happy, either; her prgram was way t pretentius and theretical. We were walking alng and she said, “I have t get ut f graduate schl. ” And I immediately thught “I have t g t graduate schl. ” Meaning, I’ll never be happy until I give myself the chance t study English literature after all. Meaning, it’s nt t late - I’m nt ging t let it be t late. Everything was suddenly clear and calm.
It wasn’t easy getting in at that pint. But fr the first time in a lng while, I perfrmed at the tp f my ability. I’d study fr eighty hurs a week and I had never been happier.
40. What family factr (s) influenced the authr’s chice f majr?
___________________________________________________
41. What did the authr realize at cllege?
___________________________________________________
42. Please decide which part is false in the fllwing statement, then underline it and explain why.
The authr was determined t get int graduate schl because his friend persuaded him t d s.
___________________________________________________
43. What have yu learned frm the authr’s experience f chsing a majr in cllege? (In abut40 wrds)
___________________________________________________
【答案】40. The prfessins f the authr’s parents.
41. The authr realized that he shuld have been an English majr.
42. The authr was determined t get int graduate schl because his friend persuaded him t d s.
The authr was determined t get int graduate schl because he wanted t give himself the chance t study English literature.
43. Frm the authr's experience, I learned that chsing a majr shuld be based n ne's true interests and passins rather than external expectatins r family influence. Fllwing ne's heart leads t true happiness and fulfillment.
第二节(20分)
44. 假设你是红星中学高三学生李华。你的外国好友 Jim 准备参加中国文化网举办的“Sharing China”春节文化影像展全球作品征集活动，发来邮件询问你的建议。请你用英文给他回复，内容包括：
1. 拍摄内容的建议；
2. 就以上建议简要说明理由。
注意：1. 词数100 左右；
2. 开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。
提示词：春节文化影像展 Spring Festival Image Exhibitin
Dear Jim,
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yurs,
Li Hua
【答案】
Dear Jim,
I’m thrilled t hear that yu’re ging t enter the Spring Festival Image Exhibitin. I wuld like t give sme advice.
It’s a gd idea t take a picture f dragn and lin dances in Chinatwn. These dances, perfrmed t chase away evil spirits and welcme in prsperus times, ffer a glimpse int the festive atmsphere f Spring Festival. Alternatively, yu can cnsider capturing a scene f family members making jiazi tgether. Nthing is better at embdying the essence f Spring Festival — family reunins. I’m cnfident that these pictures will shwcase hw well Chinese culture has been embraced and spread verseas.
Hpe yu can get sme inspiratin! Feel free t ask me if yu need further help.
Yurs,
Li Hua