人教版初中英语八年级（上）寒假第04讲 动词不定式和祈使句 学案

这是一份人教版初中英语八年级（上）寒假第04讲 动词不定式和祈使句 学案，共4页。学案主要包含了寒假自学课，基础知识，考点剖析，真题演练，过关检测等内容，欢迎下载使用。

【基础知识】
动词不定式作宾语
（1）接不定式作宾语的动词（“动词+t d” 结构）常见的有：
learn 学会 plan 计划 decide 决定
try 尽力 chse 选择 agree 同意
refuse 拒绝 pretend 假装 ffer 主动
wuld like / want 想要 expect 期望
hpe / wish 希望 prmise 承诺
affrd 负担得起 prefer 喜欢
help 帮助(help t d / help d) like 喜欢(like t d / ding)
cntinue 继续(cntinue t d / ding)
begin / start 开始(begin / start t d / ding)
如：I wuld like t have a sandwich. 我想要吃一个三明治。
（2）动词不定式作宾语，置句末，前面用it指代不定式，it是形式宾语。
如：We fund it difficult t understand what yu said. 我们发现很难理解你所说的话。
（3）有的动词在不定式前可加上疑问词（wh，what，which等）作宾语（即“动词+疑问词+t d” 结构），常见的有：shw 表明、指示；knw 知道；tell 告诉；teach 教；learn 学习；decide 决定。
如：Larry didn’t knw hw t tell her the bad news. 拉里不知道如何告诉她这个坏消息。
祈使句用法：
1. D型（即：动词原形+宾语+其他成分）
Please have a seat here. 请这边坐。
有的祈使句在意思明确的情况下，动词可省略。
This way,please.=G this way,please. 请这边走。
2. Be型（即：Be+表语（名词或形容词）+其它成分）
Be a gd by! 要做一个好孩子！
3. Let型（即：Let+宾语+动词原形+其它成分）
Let me help yu. 让我来帮你。
否定结构：D型和Be型的否定式都是在句首加dn't。
Dn't frge me! 不要忘记我！Dn't be late fr schl! 上学不要迟到!
Let型的否定式有两种：
（Dn't +Let+宾语+动词原形+其它成分）Dn't let him g. 别让他走。
（Let+宾语+nt+动词原形+其它成分）Let him nt g. 别让他走。
4. NO开头，用来表示禁止性的祈使句。
N smking!禁止吸烟
N fishing!禁止钓鱼
N parking!禁止停车
5. 祈使句+ r/and+简单句=if引导的条件状语从句
Hurry up, r we will miss the train.= If we dn’t hurry up, we will miss the train.
【考点剖析】
考点一：动词不定式作宾语
1．My father plans ________ news this evening, but I hpe ________ chess with him.
A．watch; playB．t watch; t playC．watch; t play
2．My mther prmised ________ a mbile phne fr me yesterday.
A．buyB．t buyC．buyingD．bught
3．Yu can’t expect ________ a gd prize withut wrking hard.
A．winB．wnC．winningD．t win
考点二：祈使句
4．Please ________ any nise — my mther is a very light sleeper.
A．nt t makeB．nt makeC．desn’t makeD．dn’t make
5．（2022·江苏南京·八年级期中）Michael, ________ yur hmewrk t schl tmrrw.
A．bringB．bringsC．bringingD．t bring
6．（2022·北京八十中八年级期中）Hurry up, ________ yu’ll be late fr schl.
A．andB．butC．sD．r
【真题演练】
7．—Tm, d yu think reading is imprtant?
—Yes, I d. S I decide ________ mre time reading frm nw n.
A．spendB．t spendC．spending
8．—Safety cmes first! Everyne shuld stp the kids frm ________ in the lake r river.
—Life is valuable. Kids must remember ________ the schl rules.
A．swim; t fllwB．swim; fllwing
C．swimming; fllwingD．swimming; t fllw
9．— Amy, dn’t frget ________ yur mask (口罩) when yu g ut.
— Dn’t wrry, mm. I will.
A．wearB．wearsC．t wearD．wearing
10．The Great Wall is s famus that a large number f travellers wish ______ it.
A．visitB．visitingC．t visitD．visited
11．The painting is really valuable t him. He will never agree ________ it.
A．sellB．sellsC．sldD．t sell
12．If yu want ________ yur prnunciatin, keep n practicing every day.
A．imprveB．imprvedC．imprvingD．t imprve
13．—Have yu finished yur bk reprt yet?
—N, I haven’t. I plan ________ it this weekend.
A．writeB．wrteC．writingD．t write
14．Dn’t ________ any nise when yu are in the library.
A．makesB．makeC．makingD．made
15．Have a balanced diet and exercise regularly _______ yu will stay healthy.
A．andB．rC．butD．fr
16．Dn’t thrw rubbish everywhere, ________ ur envirnment will get wrse.
A．butB．sC．andD．r
17．________ mre in yur daily life, and yu’ll be full f energy.
A．ExerciseB．T exerciseC．ExercisesD．Exercising
18．During the hard time when Shanghai is fighting against COVID-19 (新冠病毒), many peple acrss China send messages n the Internet, “Cme n, Shanghai! ________ give up!”
A．Dn’tB．Desn’tC．D
19．Dn’t run in the hallways, ________ yu might get hurt.
A．andB．butC．sD．r
20．— ______ silent, please! Yu are in the library.
—I’m srry, madam.
A．KeepB．T keepC．KeepingD．Kept
21．Dn’t leave yur tys n the table, r I ________ them away.
A．threwB．will thrwC．have thrwnD．was thrwing
22．—Sam, ________ run in the hallways. It’s very dangerus.
—Srry, Ms. Black.
A．dB．dn’tC．ntD．desn’t
【过关检测】
二、用所给单词的正确形式填空
23．（2022·广东·广州市第七中学八年级期中）I’m very tired. I need t stp ________ (have) a rest nw.
24．He can’t wait __________ (g) hme t watch the ftball match.
25．I wuld like ________ (leave) a message.
26．Yu lk tired. D yu need ________ (rest) fr a while?
27．He always tries ________ (help) us, s we all like him.
28．Thugh he was yung, he learned ________ (play) chess with his elder sister.
29．When yu need help, I’d like ________ (give) yu a hand.
30．Try ________ (remember) eight r ten wrds a day.
31．I’m tired. I want t stp ________ (have) a rest.
32．Are yu willing ________ (g) n a trip t the USA with yur parents?
33．Jhn studied very hard. But he failed ________ (pass) the final exam again.
34．Like his friends, he likes ________ (watch) TV a lt.
35．Are yu able ________(wrk) ut the maths prblem by yurself?
36．The students are preparing ________(g) n a schl trip t the museum.
37．Mr Liu seemed ________(knw) the man standing at the gate.
38．He refused ________ (print) his name n the cver f the bk.
39．We can’t affrd ________ (buy) a big huse. It’s very expensive.
40．Bb, ________ (put) the vase dwn carefully, r yu will break it!
41．Dn’t ________ (smke) here. Smking is bad fr yur health.
42．The dg wn’t bite peple. ________ (nt be) afraid f it.
43．Lucy, be happy and smile every day, then yur life ________ (be) full f sunshine.
44．______ (pen) the windws, please. It’s t ht in the rm.
45．Just _________ (be) careful enugh while cking, r yu’ll easily hurt yurself.
46．Wuld yu please ________ (nt pen) the windw? Listen! The wind is blwing strngly utside.
47．If yu want t pass the P. E. test, _________ (practice) mre.
48．Walk quickly, r yu _________ (catch) the early bus.
49．________ (nt turn) n the ppcrn blender.
50．_________ (nt play) cmputer games, Mike.
51．—Hw many apples d we need?
—Let me _______ (think). Maybe fifteen are enugh.
52．Amy, it’s t bring! ____ (play) sme music fr us, please.
53．_________ (check) yur papers (试卷) befre yu hand them in.
54．（2022·江苏扬州·八年级期末）Lk at the sign. It says “N ________（smke）”.
55．_______ (nt kick) the dr with yur ft. It’s implite _______ (d) like this.
56．Tm, tgether with Lucy, ___________ (nt fight) at hme. I will buy smething delicius fr yu.
57．We can ften see signs like “N _________” in parks. (litter)