吉林省长春外国语学校2023-2024学年高一下学期4月月考英语试题（原卷版+解析版）

这是一份吉林省长春外国语学校2023-2024学年高一下学期4月月考英语试题（原卷版+解析版），文件包含吉林省长春外国语学校2023-2024学年高一下学期4月月考英语试题原卷版docx、吉林省长春外国语学校2023-2024学年高一下学期4月月考英语试题解析版docx等2份试卷配套教学资源，其中试卷共40页， 欢迎下载使用。
注意事项：1. 答卷前，考生先将自己的姓名、准考证号码填写清楚，将条形码准确粘贴在考生信息条形码粘贴区。
2. 答题时请按要求用笔。
3. 请按照题号顺序在答题卡各题目的答题区域内作答，超出答题区域书写的答案无效；在草稿纸、试卷上答题无效。
4. 作图可先使用铅笔画出，确定后必须用黑色字迹的签字笔描黑。
5. 保持卡面清洁，不要折叠，不要弄破、弄皱，不准使用涂改液、修正带、刮纸刀。
第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分）
第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）
听下面5段对话，每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一个小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1. Which place is the wman leaving fr?
A. A shp. B. Jack’s hme. C. Her ffice.
2. What is the weather like nw?
A. Rainy. B. Snwy. C. Cludy.
3. Hw des the man sund?
A. Embarrassed. B. Grateful. C. Nervus.
4. Hw will the speakers prbably travel?
A. By car. B. By plane. C. By train.
5. What are the speakers mainly talking abut?
A. Traffic accidents. B. Sci-fi mvies. C. Flying ambulances.
第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）
听下面5段对话或独白,每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。
6. When will Mary’s rent be due?
A. On February 19. B. On February 20. C. On February 21.
7. What are the speakers ging t d abut thirty minutes later?
A. Call the man’s cusin.
B. Attend a meeting.
C. Search fr an apartment.
听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。
8. What des the wman suggest the man d?
A. Travel tgether.
B Lk fr a jb.
C. Receive further educatin.
9. What is the prbable relatinship between the speakers?
A. Neighbrs. B. C-wrkers. C. Frmer schlmates.
听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。
10. When did the earthquake happen?
A. On Wednesday night.
B. On Thursday mrning.
C. On Thursday afternn.
11. What damage did the earthquake cause?
A. Frty peple lst their lives.
B. At least 140 peple were injured.
C. A railway was nearly destryed.
12. What will the man d next?
A. Help the victims. B. Tell sme survival skills. C. Check the highways.
听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。
13. Which assignment has the man finished?
A. The ne n Future Educatin.
B. The ne n Educatin Psychlgy.
C. The ne n Classrm Appraches.
14. What is the secnd part f the man’s finished paper abut?
A. Testing systems.
B. Teacher training.
C. Rewards and punishments.
15. Hw des the man supprt his cnclusin?
A. By making cmparisns.
B. By giving examples.
C. By ding surveys.
16. What is the man’s attitude t nline learning at hme fr children?
A. Disapprving. B. Uncertain. C. Supprtive.
听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。
17. What has Barty decided t d at age 25?
A. Retire frm tennis. B. G t cllege. C. Enter a new cntest.
18. Wh is Casey Dellacqua?
A. Barty’s main ppnent.
B. Barty’s persnal trainer.
C. Barty’s frmer partner.
19. Hw ld was Barty when she became a prfessinal tennis player?
A. 12. B. 14. C. 16.
20. Which match did Barty win in 2022?
A. British Open. B. French Open. C. Australian Open.
第二部分 阅读理解（共两节, 满分50分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C、D）中，选出最佳选项。
A
The year 2023 witnessed the ccurrence f significant cultural events, with culture and turism becming even mre clsely cnnected. Let’s review the majr cultural events f 2023 as we bid farewell t the year and embrace the new year f 2024!
Museum visits rise in ppularity in summer
Turists were seen queuing fr lng hurs in frnt f museums and btaining entrance tickets became mre challenging. In respnse t the grwing demand, 46 museums in Beijing canceled their custmary Mnday clsures and remained pen daily until August 31. The rise in “museum fever” can be credited t varius factrs, including the public’s increasing enthusiasm fr traditinal Chinese culture, the bming market fr yuth educatinal turs and summer camps, as well as the cntinuus innvatin f museums.
Old tea frests in Pu’er win Wrld Heritage Site title
The newly named heritage site, lcated in Lancang Lahu autnmus cunty in Pu’er, Yunnan prvince, cnsists f five large-scale, well-preserved ld tea frests, which stand 1,250 t 1,500 meters abve the sea level, three prtective barrier frests, and nine ancient villages in the ld tea frests, which are mainly inhabited by Blang and Dai ethnic grups. The cultural landscape was jintly created by the ancestrs f the Blang peple—wh immigrated t the Jingmai Muntain in the 10th century AD and later discvered and dmesticated wild tea trees—and the native Dai peple.
Prtectin plan released fr Beijing’s Central Axis
The plan is said t be ne f the necessary steps tward bidding fr UNESCO Wrld Heritage status. Alngside regulatins n the prtectin f the Central Axis carried ut earlier, the plan is in line with the requirements f Wrld Heritage cnservatin. The 21 member cuntries f the Wrld Heritage Cmmittee will decide n whether Beijing’s Central Axis can be added t the Wrld Heritage List at the cmmittee’s 46th annual cnference in 2024. If the applicatin succeeds, it will reinfrce Beijing’s tp psitin amng cities wrldwide by number f Wrld Heritage Sites.
1. Which f the fllwing is NOT the reasn fr the rise in “museum fever”?
A. Museums’ ceaseless innvatin.
B. The cnstant innvatin f summer camps.
C. The grwing market fr yuth educatinal turs.
D. Peple’s grwing passin fr traditinal Chinese culture.
2. Which f the fllwing statements is TRUE cncerning the cultural events?
A. 46 museums in Beijing stayed pen all year rund.
B. The Blang peple are the natives in Jingmai Muntain.
C. The heritage site in Pu’er cnsists f fur large ld tea frests.
D. Beijing’s Central Axis hasn’t been added t the Wrld Heritage List yet.
3. In which magazine wuld a reader mst likely find this text?
A. Wnders f the Natural WrldB. Scientific Explratin
C. Chinese Culture ResearchD. Art and Architecture
【答案】1. B 2. D 3. C
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇应用文，主要介绍了2023年中国发生的三个重大文化事件。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据“Museum visits rise in ppularity in summer”下面的“The rise in ‘museum fever’ can be credited t varius factrs, including the public’s increasing enthusiasm fr traditinal Chinese culture, the bming market fr yuth educatinal turs and summer camps, as well as the cntinuus innvatin f museums.(‘博物馆热’的兴起可归因于多种因素，包括公众对中国传统文化的热情日益高涨，青少年教育旅行和夏令营市场的蓬勃发展，以及博物馆的不断创新。)”可知，“博物馆热”的兴起有多种因素，包括公众对中国传统文化的热情日益高涨，青少年教育旅行和夏令营市场的蓬勃发展，以及博物馆的不断创新，选项A、选项C、选项D均符合题意，B项“夏令营的不断创新”不符合文章内容。故选B。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“The 21 member cuntries f the Wrld Heritage Cmmittee will decide n whether Beijing’s Central Axis can be added t the Wrld Heritage List at the cmmittee’s 46th annual cnference in 2024.(世界遗产委员会的21个成员国将在2024年的第46届年会上决定是否将北京中轴线列入世界遗产名录。)”可知，北京中轴线目前还没有被列入世界遗产名录，所以D项正确。选项A、选项B、选项C可分别根据“Museum visits rise in ppularity in summer”下面的“In respnse t the grwing demand, 46 museums in Beijing canceled their custmary Mnday clsures and remained pen daily until August 31.(为了应对日益增长的需求，北京的46家博物馆取消了周一的惯例闭馆，每天开放至8月31日。)”、“Old tea frests in Pu’er win Wrld Heritage Site title”下面的“The cultural landscape was jintly created by the ancestrs f the Blang peple—wh immigrated t the Jingmai Muntain in the 10th century AD and later discvered and dmesticated wild tea trees—and the native Dai peple.(这里的文化景观是由布朗人的祖先和当地的傣族共同创造的，布朗人于公元10世纪移民到景迈山，后来发现并培育了野生茶树。)”和“The newly named heritage site, lcated in Lancang Lahu autnmus cunty in Pu’er, Yunnan prvince, cnsists f five large-scale, well-preserved ld tea frests, which stand 1,250 t 1,500 meters abve the sea level, three prtective barrier frests, and nine ancient villages in the ld tea frests, which are mainly inhabited by Blang and Dai ethnic grups.(新命名的遗产地位于云南省普洱市澜沧拉祜族自治县，由海拔1250米至1500米的五个保存完好的大型老茶林、三个防护屏障林和九个老茶林古村落组成，老茶林中主要居住着布朗族和傣族。)”得知陈述错误。故选D。
【3题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段中的“Let’s review the majr cultural events f 2023 as we bid farewell t the year and embrace the new year f 2024!(让我们一起回顾2023年的重大文化事件，告别这一年，迎接2024年的新一年！)”并结合下文内容可知，本文主要介绍了2023年中国发生的三个重大文化事件。由此可推测出，本篇文章最有可能出自《中国文化研究》杂志。故选C。
B
When Stanfrd University student Ellen Xu was a five-year-ld in Califrnia, she vividly recalls her parents rushing her little sister t the hspital. Three-year-ld Kate had fallen acutely ill; she had a fever, reddened eyes, a rash and sme swelling in her hands and tngue.
At first, the puzzled dctrs thught she had influenza, but when her cnditin didn’t imprve, the Xus returned t the emergency rm, where a dctr by chance had prir experience with an acute inflammatry (炎症性的) reactin in the bld vessels knwn as Kawasaki disease. Thugh rare, it’s the leading cause f acquired heart disease in babies and yung children, and its cause and triggers remain smewhat mysterius. The dctr knew hw t treat it: He rdered a dse f intravenus immunglbulin, and eventually Kate shk ff the illness withut suffering damage t her heart.
Xu remembers being curius abut her sister’s dramatic cnditin and was amazed that the grwn-ups culdn’t answer her questins abut why it was s hard t detect. “In my mind, it was this mystery, she says. ”It was a puzzle I wanted t slve. “
A decade later, wanting t enter a high schl science fair, she had an idea: ”What if we had a dctr in ur pcket?“ S she created just that: Using AT, Xu designed an algrithm(算法) that uses visual data t diagnse (诊断) Kawasaki disease based n five physical symptms.
The technlgy wrks the same way as apps that can identify birds and plants with phts yu’ve taken n yur cellphne. Wrried parents can uplad a pht that they have taken f their child, and the technlgy will scan the image fr symptms f Kawasaki disease, which ften have a strng visual element, such as a rash r a swllen tngue.
Xu’s inventin has been applied as a web app n the Kawasaki Disease Fundatin’s website withut charge. ”The technlgy culd als be develped fr recgnizing aut-immune and rheumatlgical (风湿病学的) diseases, “ she says. ”It means a lt t me. I want t use Al t help peple live happier and healthier lives. “
4. Why was Kawasaki disease s hard t diagnse?
A. It had n symptms.
B. It had never been knwn befre.
C. It culd be cnfused with influenza.
D. It culdn’t be diagnsed by medical instruments.
5. What’s the functin f the first three paragraphs?
A. T describe the bad results f the disease.
B. T intrduce a case remaining mysterius.
C. T shw why Xu develped the technlgy.
D. T prve dctrs shuld accumulate clinical experience.
6. What’s the advantage f Xu’s inventin?
A. It is cnvenient and cheap.
B. It can take the place f dctrs.
C. It can treat Kawasaki disease quickly.
D. It can diagnse Kawasaki disease via scanned pictures.
7. What can be learned frm the text?
A. The technlgy is an AI-pwered diagnsed tl.
B. Xu had the idea f the technlgy when Kate was treated.
C. The technlgy can’t be applied t diagnse ther diseases.
D. Influenza is the leading reasn f acquired heart disease in babies.
【答案】4. C 5. C 6. D 7. A
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了女孩Ellen小时候见到医生们一开始没有正确诊断出妹妹Kate生的病，后来Kate遇到一名碰巧有过相似经历的医生，才得到有效的治疗，因对妹妹病情的好奇，以及医生无法检查出这种罕见病的惊讶，Ellen在十年后利用人工智能技术创造了一个程序，可以根据症状检测疾病，帮助人们快速获得诊断，改善健康状况，她的发明已被应用于网页应用程序中，她希望通过人工智能帮助更多人过上更快乐、更健康的生活。
【4题详解】
推理判断题。由文章第二段第一句“At first, the puzzled dctrs thught she had influenza, but when her cnditin didn’t imprve, the Xus returned t the emergency rm, where a dctr by chance had prir experience with an acute inflammatry (炎症性的) reactin in the bld vessels knwn as Kawasaki disease.”（起初，困惑的医生们以为她得了流感，但当她的病情没有好转时，徐一家人回到了急诊室，一位医生偶然有过急性炎症的经历，血管中的急性炎症反应称为川崎病。）可知，医生一开始以为她得了流感，说明这种疾病很容易与流感混淆，难以诊断，所以病情没有好转。故选C项。
【5题详解】
推理判断题。文章的前两段叙述了Ellen在5岁时经历妹妹Kate得病的情景，以及Kate最终通过一位医生发现并治疗了罕见病的过程，以及文章第三段“Xu remembers being curius abut her sister’s dramatic cnditin and was amazed that the grwn-ups culdn’t answer her questins abut why it was s hard t detect. “In my mind, it was this mystery, she says. ”It was a puzzle I wanted t slve.””（徐记得当时她很好奇妹妹的突然性状况，并惊讶于成年人无法回答她为什么很难发现的问题。“在我看来，这就是一个谜，”她说，“这是一个我想解开的谜题。”）可知，因为妹妹的病情，Ellen萌生了想要解决这个问题的念头，由此可知，前三段是Ellen想解开心中难题的动机，所以后来利用人工智能技术创造了一个程序。故选C项。
【6题详解】
细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“Wrried parents can uplad a pht that they have taken f their child, and the technlgy will scan the image fr symptms f Kawasaki disease, which ften have a strng visual element, such as a rash r a swllen tngue.”（忧心忡忡的父母可以上传他们为孩子拍摄的照片，这项技术将扫描图像以寻找川崎病的症状，川崎病通常具有强烈的视觉因素，如皮疹或舌头肿胀。）可知，它可以通过扫描图片诊断川崎病。故选D项。
【7题详解】
细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“S she created just that: Using AT, Xu designed an algrithm(算法) that uses visual data t diagnse (诊断) Kawasaki disease based n five physical symptms.”（所以她创造了这个：使用人工智能，徐设计了一个算法，它使用视觉数据进行诊断以五种身体症状为基础的川崎病）可知，该技术是一种人工智能驱动的诊断工具。故选A项。
C
Recently it has dawned n the gvernment that clsing mre than 1,000 f England’s railway statin ticket ffices wuld nt be very smart plitics.The transprt secretary, Mark Harper,annunced that train peratrs had been asked t withdraw the cst-cutting strategy, which the gvernment itself had riginally pushed n them.The writing was already n the wall in the summer,when public anger led t an extensin f the cnsultatin perid n the prpsed clsures.By the time it ended,750,000 respnses had been recrded,99%f them negative.
The public’s cncerns were ver future access t travel advice and infrmatin,assistance fr disabled peple,safety at understaffed statins,and cnsequences fr the digitally excluded. But the passinate ppsitin als underlined a widespread sense that railway statins must be mre than transit(交通)znes.Cmbined with a refrmed ticketing system,that insight shuld nw infrm a psitive apprach t breathing life int England’s railways and attracting mre peple back n t trains.
As a reprt published this autumn by the Campaign fr Better Transprt sets ut,there is an urgent case fr fairer ticketing refrm acrss the netwrk.Fr ver a decade,the relative cst f taking the train rather than the car has skyrcketed,as fares have risen while fuel duty has been frzen.Over a third f the public are cnfused by the numerus types f ticket available,and the cmplex regulatins that apply t them.Why shuld an anytime return frm Chelmsfrd t Lndn cst &32.60,when t cver the same distance frm Grays t Lndn csts E 13.40?
The failed attempt t shut dwn ticket ffices had its rts in a shrt-term ministerial respnse t falling revenues(收入).But as the cuntry strives t achieve a challenging green transitin,the gvernment shuld wrk t establish a simpler,fairer ticketing system that ffers imaginative rewards t take the train;and t develp an ambitius plan fr ur statins —ne that reflects their imprtant rle in the lives f the travelling public.
8. What des the underlined wrds in the first paragraph prbably mean?
A. The public expressed their anger.
B. The prpsal was put up n a wall.
C. Unfavrable utcme was expected.
D. The gvernment adpted the plicy.
9. What can be inferred abut England’s railways?
A. They have expanded their services.
B. They have undergne ticketing refrm.
C. They have included mre transit znes.
D. They have seen a decline in public favr.
10. What des paragraph 3 mainly fcus n?
A. The ppularity f car wnership.
B. The develpment f ticketing refrm.
C. The prblems f the ticketing system.
D. The applicatin f cmplex regulatins.
11. What is the best title fr the text?
A. Rising Prices f Train Travel
B. Urgent Calls fr Rail Revival
C. Failed Clsure f Railway Statins
D. Tugh Rute t Green Transit Initiatives
【答案】8. C 9. D 10. C 11. B
【解析】
【导语】本文为一篇说明文，介绍英国火车站售票系统需要改革以吸引更多人乘坐火车出行。
【详解】1. 词句猜测题。根据划线句上文“Recently it has dawned n the gvernment that clsing mre than 1,000 f England’s railway statin ticket ffices wuld nt be very smart plitics.(最近，英国政府意识到，关闭英国1000多个火车站售票处并不是一个明智的政治决策)”及下文“when public anger led t an extensin f the cnsultatin perid n the prpsed clsures(当公众的愤怒导致建议关闭的咨询期延长时)”及“By the time it ended,750,000 respnses had been recrded,99%f them negative.(到调查结束时，已经收到了75万条反馈，其中99%是否定的)”可知，这项决议没有得到支持，划线句意思为：不好的结果出现了，与C选项“预料到会出现不利结果”意思相近。故选C项。
2. 推理判断题。根据文章第二段“Cmbined with a refrmed ticketing system,that insight shuld nw infrm a psitive apprach t breathing life int England’s railways and attracting mre peple back n t trains.(与改革后的票务系统相结合，这种见解现在应该为英格兰铁路注入活力并吸引更多的人重返火车提供积极的途径)”可推知，英国铁路系统的支持人数下降了。故选D项。
3. 主旨大意题。根据文章第三段“As a reprt published this autumn by the Campaign fr Better Transprt sets ut,there is an urgent case fr fairer ticketing refrm acrss the netwrk.Fr ver a decade,the relative cst f taking the train rather than the car has skyrcketed,as fares have risen while fuel duty has been frzen.Over a third f the public are cnfused by the numerus types f ticket available,and the cmplex regulatins that apply t them.(正如“改善交通运动”今年秋天发布的一份报告所指出的，在整个铁路网络中，迫切需要进行更公平的票务改革。十多年来，乘坐火车而不是汽车的相对成本一直在飙升，因为票价上涨了，而燃油税却保持不变。超过三分之一的公众对种类繁多的车票以及适用于这些车票的复杂规定感到困惑)”可知，本段主要讲述现在的票价不合理，且票价类型也很令人困惑，即描述了票务系统的问题。故选C项。
4. 主旨大意题。根据全文尤其是最后一段“But as the cuntry strives t achieve a challenging green transitin,the gvernment shuld wrk t establish a simpler,fairer ticketing system that ffers imaginative rewards t take the train;and t develp an ambitius plan fr ur statins —ne that reflects their imprtant rle in the lives f the travelling public.(但是，随着国家努力实现具有挑战性的绿色转型，政府应该努力建立一个更简单、更公平的票务系统，为乘坐火车的人提供富有想象力的奖励;并为我们的车站制定一个雄心勃勃的计划——一个反映它们在旅行公众生活中的重要作用的计划)”可知，本文主要介绍英国铁路票价及售票系统的问题，以及为了吸引更多人乘坐火车绿色出行所提出的改革措施。B选项“铁路复兴的紧急呼吁”适合最为最佳标题。故选B项。
D
Every decisin we make is arrived at thrugh hugely cmplex neurlgical prcessing. Althugh it feels as thugh yu have a chice, the actin that yu ‘decide’ t take is entirely directed by autmatic neural activity. Brain imaging studies shw that a persn’s actin can be predicted by their brain activity up t 10 secnds befre they themselves becme aware they are ging t act. Multiple neurscientific studies shw that even thse imprtant decisins that feel wrked ut are just as autmatic as knee-jerk reactins (膝跳反应) (althugh mre cmplex).
Decisin-making starts with the amygdala: a set f tw almnd-shaped nuclei (杏仁状核) buried deep within the brain, which generate emtin. The amygdala registers the infrmatin streaming in thrugh ur senses and respnds t it in less than a secnd, sending signals thrughut the brain. These prduce an urge t run, fight, freeze r grab, accrding t hw the amygdala values varius stimuli.
Befre we act n the amygdala’s signals, hwever, the infrmatin is usually prcessed by ther brain areas, including sme that prduce cnscius thughts and emtins. Areas cncerned with recgnitin wrk ut what’s ging n, thse cncerned with memry cmpare it with previus experiences, and thse cncerned with reasning, judging and planning get t wrk n cnstructing varius actin plans. The best plan—if we are lucky—is then selected and carried ut. If any f this prcess ges wrng, we are likely t hesitate, r d smething silly.
The varius stages f decisin-making are marked by different types f brain activity. Fast (gamma)waves, with frequencies f 25 t 100 Hz, prduce a keen awareness f the multiple factrs that need t be taken int accunt t arrive at a decisin. If yu are trying t chse a sandwich, fr instance, gamma waves generated in varius cells within the ‘taste’ area f the brain bring t mind and cmpare the taste f ham, hummus, whlemeal, surdugh, and s n. Althugh it may seem useful t be aware f the full range f chice, t much infrmatin makes decisin-making mre difficult, s irrelevant factrs get dismissed quickly and uncnsciusly.
After this cmparisn stage, the brain switches t slw-wave activity (12 t 30 Hz). This extinguishes mst f the gamma activity, leaving just a single ‘htspt’ f gamma waves which marks the chsen ptin.
Althugh there is n ‘yu’ utside yur brain t direct what it’s ding, yu can help it t make gd decisins by placing yurself in a situatin which is likely t make the prcess run mre smthly. Ding smething that is physically r mentally stimulating befre making a decisin will help yur brain prduce the initial gamma waves that generate awareness f the cmpeting ptins. Getting ver-excited, n the ther hand, will prevent the switch t the slw brainwaves, making it much harder t single ut a chice.
12. Why des the writer mentin “knee-jerk reactins” in the first paragraph?
A. T intrduce the finding f the latest brain imaging studies.
B. T illustrate that decisins are nt cnsciusly thught ut.
C. T call attentin t a kind f neural reactin that is nt very cmplex.
D. T shw the difference between decisin-making and ther brain activity.
13. What des the amygdala d accrding t the passage?
A. It wrks ut cnscius thughts and emtins.
B. It selects the best actin plan fr a given situatin.
C. It dismisses factrs that are irrelevant t the decisin t be made.
D. It prcesses sensry infrmatin and generates emtinal respnses.
14. What can be cncluded frm paragraphs 4 and 5?
A. Slw-wave activity usually lasts lnger than fast-wave activity.
B. The brain priritizes infrmatin befre settling n a final chice.
C. Decisin-making is difficult when slw-wave activity ccurs first.
D. The brain needs as much infrmatin as pssible t make a decisin.
15. Hw des engaging in stimulating activities help the decisin-making prcess?
A. By preparing the brain t single ut the mst reasnable chice.
B. By helping the brain switch t slw-wave activity mre quickly.
C. By getting the brain t fcus n thse mst relevant alternatives.
D. By making the brain mre aware f the factrs and chices invlved.
【答案】12. B 13. D 14. B 15. C
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了人们在做决定时，大脑中杏仁核的活动及其他部位的活动情况，因此在做决定之前可以做一些刺激身体或精神的事情，来帮助你的大脑产生最初的伽马波。
【12题详解】
推理判断题。第一段最后两句提到“Brain imaging studies shw that a persn’s actin can be predicted by their brain activity up t 10 secnds befre they themselves becme aware they are ging t act. Multiple neurscientific studies shw that even thse imprtant decisins that feel wrked ut are just as autmatic as knee-jerk reactins (膝跳反应) (althugh mre cmplex).”（脑成像研究表明，一个人的行为可以在他们意识到自己将要采取行动之前10秒通过他们的大脑活动来预测。多项神经科学研究表明，即使是那些让人感觉已经做出的重要决定，也和膝跳反应一样是自动的(尽管更复杂)。）可知，膝跳反应是一种最简单的二元反射，几乎不需要时间就会有相应的反应，而文中将做决定这一大脑活动和膝跳反应作类比，说明大脑在做决定时也是下意识的反应。故选B。
【13题详解】
细节理解题。第二段提到“Decisin-making starts with the amygdala: a set f tw almnd-shaped nuclei buried deep within the brain, which generate emtin. The amygdala registers the infrmatin streaming in thrugh ur senses and respnds t it in less than a secnd, sending signals thrughut the brain. These prduce an urge t run, fight, freeze r grab, accrding t hw the amygdala values varius stimuli.”（决策始于杏仁核：埋藏在大脑深处的一组两个杏仁状的核，产生情感。杏仁核记录了通过我们的感官流入的信息，并在不到一秒的时间内做出反应，将信号发送到整个大脑。根据杏仁核对各种刺激的评价，这些刺激会产生奔跑、战斗、冻结或抓取的冲动。）由此判断，杏仁核会产生情感，并针对感官接受的信息做出相对应的行为刺激。故选D。
【14题详解】
推理判断题。第四段第二句提到“Fast (gamma)waves, with frequencies f 25 t 100 Hz, prduce a keen awareness f the multiple factrs that need t be taken int accunt t arrive at a decisin.”（频率在25到100赫兹之间的快速(伽马)波，能让人敏锐地意识到需要考虑的多种因素，从而做出决定。）大脑在做决定之前，会考虑各种信息，第五段提到“After this cmparisn stage, the brain switches t slw-wave activity (12 t 30 Hz). This extinguishes mst f the gamma activity, leaving just a single ‘htspt’ f gamma waves which marks the chsen ptin.”（在这个比较阶段之后，大脑切换到慢波活动(12到30赫兹)。这就消除了大部分的伽马活动，只留下一个伽马波的“热点”，它标志着被选中的选项。）在大脑经过快速伽马波对信息的处理后，会进入到慢伽马波活动，这时会留下一个“热点”，这就是人们所做好的决定。由此判断，大脑在做决定之前是会通过高速伽马波活动处理很多信息的，然后在慢速伽马波活动中作最终的决定。故选B。
【15题详解】
推理判断题。最后一段第二句提到“Ding smething that is physically r mentally stimulating befre making a decisin will help yur brain prduce the initial gamma waves that generate awareness f the cmpeting ptins. ”（在做决定之前做一些刺激身体或精神的事情会帮助你的大脑产生最初的伽马波，从而产生对抉择的意识。）前文提到“高速伽马波”会处理作决定之前的相关信息，而做决定之前刺激身体和精神可以产生最初产生的伽马波，即高速伽马波，这样可以加强大脑对相关信息的关注。故选C。
【点睛】
第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Tricks T Becming A Patient Persn
Here’s a riddle: What d traffic jams, lng lines and waiting fr a vacatin t start all have in cmmn? There is ne answer. ___16___.
In the Digital Age, we’re used t having what we need immediately and right at ur fingertips. Hwever, research suggests that if we practiced patience, we’d be a whle lt better ff. Here are several tricks.
●Practice gratitude (感激)
Thankfulness has a lt f benefits: Research shws it makes us happier, less stressed and even mre ptimistic. ___17___. “Shwing thankfulness can fster self-cntrl,” said Ye Li, researcher at the University f Califrnia.
● Make yurself wait
Instant gratificatin (满足) may seem like the mst “feel gd” ptin at the time, but psychlgy research suggests waiting fr things actually makes us happier in the lng run. And the nly way fr us t get int the habit f waiting is t practice. ___18___. Put ff watching yur favrite shw until the weekend r wait 10 extra minutes befre ging fr that cake. Yu’ll sn find that the mre patience yu practice, the mre yu start t apply it t ther, mre annying situatins.
● ___19___.
S many f us have the belief that being cmfrtable is the nly state we will tlerate, and when we experience smething utside f ur cmfrt zne, we get impatient abut the circumstances. Yu shuld learn t say t yurself, “___20___.” Yu’ll then gradually becme mre patient.
A. Find yur causes
B. Start with small tasks
C. Accept the uncmfrtable
D. All this adds up t a state f hurry
E. It can als help us practice mre patience
F. This is merely uncmfrtable, nt intlerable
G. They’re all situatins where we culd use a little extra patience
【答案】16. G 17. E 18. B 19. C 20. F
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了变得耐心的一些方法。
【16题详解】
根据上文“Here’s a riddle: What d traffic jams, lng lines and waiting fr a vacatin t start all have in cmmn? There’s ne answer. (这里有一个谜语：交通堵塞、排长队和等待假期开始有什么共同之处？答案只有一个)”可知，本句说明上文谜语的答案，结合“交通堵塞、排长队和等待假期”这些情况可知都需要耐心。故G选项“在这些情况下，我们都需要一点额外的耐心”符合语境，故选G。
【17题详解】
根据上文“Thankfulness has a lt f benefits: Research shws it makes us happier, less stressed and even mre ptimistic.(感恩有很多好处：研究表明，感恩让我们更快乐，压力更小，甚至更乐观)”以及后文““Shwing thankfulness can fster self-cntrl,” said Ye Li, researcher at the University f Califrnia. (加州大学的研究员叶丽说：“表达感激可以培养自我控制能力。”)”可知，上文提到了感恩的诸多好处，可知本句继续说明感恩的好处：它还可以帮助我们练习更多的耐心。E选项中It指代上文Thankfulness。故E选项“它还可以帮助我们练习更多的耐心”符合语境，故选E。
【18题详解】
根据上文“And the nly way fr us t get int the habit f waiting is t practice. (我们养成等待习惯的唯一方法就是练习)”以及后文“Put ff watching yur favrite shw until the weekend r wait 10 extra minutes befre ging fr that cake. (把你最喜欢的节目推迟到周末再看，或者多等10分钟再去吃蛋糕)”可知，后文列举的事情都是日常的小事，说明要从小事开始练习等待，故B选项“从小任务开始”符合语境，故选B。
【19题详解】
根据本段内容“S many f us have the belief that being cmfrtable is the nly state we will tlerate, and when we experience smething utside f ur cmfrt zne, we get impatient abut the circumstances. (我们中的许多人都认为舒适是我们唯一能容忍的状态，当我们经历舒适区之外的事情时，我们会对环境失去耐心)”可知，本段提到了舒适是我们唯一能容忍的状态，结合前文的小标题都是祈使句可知，本段的主旨与接受不舒适相关，C选项中uncmfrtable对应后文cmfrtable。故C选项“接受不舒服”符合语境，故选C。
【20题详解】
根据上文“Yu shuld learn t say t yurself (你应该学会对自己说……)”以及后文“Yu’ll then gradually becme mre patient. (然后你会逐渐变得更有耐心)”结合本段主要说明的是不舒服的状态，可知，本句为对自己所说的话与接受不舒服相关，故F选项“这仅仅是不舒服，而不是无法忍受”符合语境，故选F。
【点睛】
第三部分 语言运用（共六节，满分45分）
第一节 完形填空（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
My father was a restaurant wner. My name is Vincent Lim. I’m a chef and restaurant wner. Running a Chinese restaurant is ne f the hardest and mst____21____things in my life.
When we first arrived in Australia, my dad____22____a Chinese restaurant. I wuld g there n a____23____basis t help him ut. And slwly I develped my____24____fr cking. The hard wrk that my dad put int Chinese fd makes me feel s prud that I am lucky enugh t learn frm a____25____
The first dish that I ever learned t ck was the fried rice, which is the easiest but als the ____26____ne t get right. Frm years f experience, I can____27____yu the difference between a gd fried rice just frm the feel and frm the smell, withut even taking a bite.
T lts f Chinese immigrants like us, the restaurant isn’t just a business. It’s a sense f ____28____. The wk hei (锅气)____29____every ingredient in the wk, prducing an appealing smell. The fragrances f the fd_____30_____the air and lingered arund s much lnger. Thse memries, they becme nstalgic (乡愁). The sense f hme is what makes a_____31_____gd dish taste.
In 2017, my dad passed away. I realized that my lve f cking dishes was frm my childhd. I _____32_____the restaurant that I wn tday. Cking was a_____33_____way t my dad. I wanted t _____34_____everything that he taught me. Cking_____35_____all the hard wrk and memries that we had.
21.
A. wrthlessB. valuableC. necessaryD. unexpected
22.
A. supprtedB. fundC. peratedD. ccupied
23.
A. regularB. slidC. seldmD. vital
24.
A. strengthB. passinC. talentD. awareness
25.
A. chefB. wnerC. cachD. master
26.
A. tughestB. wrstC. busiestD. greatest
27.
A tasteB. achieveC. tellD. learn
28.
A. careerB. urgencyC. purpseD. affectin
29.
A. generatesB. deliversC. accmpaniesD. dismissed
30.
A. came frmB. went verC. wiped awayD. spread acrss
31.
A. impssiblyB. straightlyC. deliberatelyD. cnsiderably
32.
A. shut dwnB. tk verC. pened upD. dealt with
33.
A. amusingB. strikingC. cnnectingD. inspiring
34.
A. recallB. cmpleteC. expectD. alter
35.
A. impressesB. perceivesC. representsD. devtes
【答案】21. B 22. C 23. A 24. B 25. D 26. A 27. C 28. D 29. C 30. D 31. D 32. B 33. C 34. A 35. C
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章回顾了作者童年在父亲经营的中国餐厅里度过的时光，以及他在厨艺上的成长和对父亲的怀念。
【21题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：经营一家中餐馆是我一生中最难也是最有价值的事情之一。A. wrthless无价值的；B. valuable有价值的；C. necessary必要的；D. unexpected意外的。根据第四段中“T lts f Chinese immigrants like us, the restaurant isn’t just a business. ”和最后一段中“Cking was a 13 way t my dad. I wanted t 14 everything that he taught me. Cking 15 all the hard wrk and memries that we had.”可知，开餐馆做饭对作者来说不仅仅是一桩生意，有着更重要的意义，所以是最有价值的事情之一。故选B项。
【22题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：当我们刚到澳大利亚的时候，我爸爸开了一家中餐馆。A. supprted支持；B. fund发现；C. perated经营；D. ccupied占据。根据第一段中“My father was a restaurant wner.”可知，作者的爸爸在澳大利亚经营中餐馆。故选C项。
【23题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我会定期去那里帮他。A. regular定期的；B. slid坚固的；C. seldm很少；D. vital至关重要的。根据下文“And slwly I develped my 4 fr cking.”可知，作者是定期去帮忙，所以才慢慢喜欢上了烹饪；n a regularbasis“定期地，经常地”。故选A项。
【24题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：慢慢地，我对烹饪产生了热情。A. strength力量；B. passin热情；C. talent天赋；D. awareness意识。根据下文“feel s prud that I am lucky enugh t learn frm a 5 ”可推知，作者慢慢喜欢上了烹饪，产生了热情，所以才会因为向爸爸学习烹饪感到自豪。故选B项。
【25题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我爸爸在中国菜上付出的努力让我感到很自豪，我很幸运能向一位大师学习。A. chef厨师；B. wner主人；C. cach教练；D. master大师。根据上文“My father was a restaurant wner.”和“The hard wrk that my dad put int Chinese fd makes me feel s prud”可知，作者的爸爸是一位潜心钻研厨艺的厨师，所以在作者眼中自己是在跟一位大师学习烹饪。故选D项。
【26题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我学会做的第一道菜是炒饭，这是最简单也是最难做的一道菜。A. tughest最艰难的；B. wrst最差的；C. busiest最忙碌的；D. greatest最伟大的。根据转换连词“but”可推知，炒饭是最简单也是最难做的一道菜，tughes与easiest构成对比关系。故选A项。
【27题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：根据多年的经验，我可以告诉你一个好的炒饭之间的区别，仅仅通过感觉和气味，甚至没有咬一口。A. taste品尝；B. achieve实现；C. tell告诉；D. learn学习。根据下文“ the difference between a gd fried rice”可知，作者可以告诉你炒饭之间的区别；tell sb. sth.“告诉某人某事”。故选C项。
【28题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：这是一种情感。A. career职业；B. urgency紧急性；C. purpse目的；D. affectin情感。根据下文“The fragrances f the fd 10 the air and lingered arund s much lnger. Thse memries, they becme nstalgic (乡愁). The sense f hme is what makes a 11 gd dish taste.”可知，对于澳大利亚的华人移民来说，中餐馆不仅仅是生意，更代表的是对故乡的情感。故选D项。
【29题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：锅气伴随着锅中的每一种食材，产生一种诱人的气味。A. generates生成；B. delivers递送；C. accmpanies陪伴；D. dismissed解散。“锅气”是食用油在空中燃烧产生的那种独特烟熏香味和香气，它在炒菜过程中伴随着锅中的每一种食材。故选C项。
【30题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：食物的香味在空气中弥漫，久久不散。A. came frm来自；B. went ver检查；C. wiped away擦去；D. spread acrss传播。根据下文“lingered arund”可知，香气要弥漫开来，四处传播。故选D项。
【31题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：家的感觉是做出一道非常好吃的菜的关键。A. impssibly不可能地；B. straightly直接地；C. deliberately故意地；D. cnsiderably非常。根据上文“Thse memries, they becme nstalgic (乡愁). The sense f hme...”可推知，乡愁和家的感觉会让菜尝起来非常好吃。故选D项。
【32题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：我接手了爸爸的餐馆，就是现在自己的餐厅。A. shut dwn关闭；B. tk ver接管；C. pened up开放；D. dealt with处理。根据下文“I wn tday”可知，作者接手了爸爸的中餐馆。故选B项。
【33题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：烹饪是我和爸爸建立联系的方式。A. amusing有趣的；B. striking引人注目的；C. cnnecting连接的；D. inspiring鼓舞人心的。根据上文“In 2017, my dad passed away.”和下文“I wanted t 14 everything that he taught me.”可知，作者通过烹饪来回忆自己的爸爸，对他来说，这是一种与爸爸建立联系的方式。故选C项。
【34题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我想回忆起他教给我的一切。A. recall回忆；B. cmplete完成；C. expect期待；D. alter改变。根据下文“everything that he taught me”可知，作者想要回忆起爸爸教的东西。故选A项。
【35题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：烹饪代表了我们所有的努力和回忆。A. impresses给……留下深刻印象；B. perceives理解；C. represents代表；D. devtes献身。根据上文可知，烹饪是作者和爸爸建立联系的方式，结合下文“all the hard wrk and memries that we had”可知，烹饪代表了他和爸爸一起的努力和回忆。故选C项。
第二节 原文填空（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词。
Anther decisin yu need t make abut husing is ____36____ by hw much yu can ____37____ t pay. Husing prices vary in different areas, such as in a city r a suburban r ____38____ setting, as well as in different parts f the cuntry. When yu have a ____39____ amunt f mney t spend ____40____ husing, lcatin is a very imprtant ____41____ in deciding ____42____ kind f hme yu will be able t affrd.
When ____43____ husing, many peple face ____44____. They are willing t spend a little mre mney fr a better lcatin, r walk a few blcks mre t the bus stp t save n ____45____.
【答案】36. determined
37. affrd 38. rural
39. limited
40. n 41. factr
42. what 43. chsing
44. trade-ffs
45. rent
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文，文章主要介绍买房是预算的重要作用以及很多人会面临的权衡取舍。
【36题详解】
考查动词。句意：关于住房，你需要做的另一个决定是是由你付得起多少钱来决定的。结合句意及“by hw much yu can ____2____ t pay”可知，此处指“由……决定”，determine“确定，决定”，动词，此处是一般现在时的被动语态，使用过去分词形式，故填determined。
【37题详解】
考查动词。句意同上。结合句意及“t pay”可知，此处指“你能支付得起多少钱”，affrd“买得起”，动词，情态动词can后接动词原形，故填affrd。
【38题详解】
考查形容词。句意：房价在不同地区，如城市、郊区或农村，以及全国不同地区都有所不同。根据句意及空前的“a city r a suburban”可知，此处指“农村”，rural“农村的”，形容词，修饰名词setting，故填rural。
【39题详解】
考查形容词。句意：当你花在住房上的钱有限时，位置是决定你能负担得起什么样的房子的一个非常重要的因素。空处作定语修饰名词amunt，结合句意及“lcatin is a very imprtant”可知，此处指“当你花在住房上的钱有限时”，limited“有限的”，形容词，故填limited。
【40题详解】
考查介词。句意同上。spend…n sth“某物上花费……”，固定到，故填n。
【41题详解】
考查名词。句意同上。空处应填名词单数作表语，结合句意及“lcatin”可知，此处指“位置是一个非常重要的因素”，factr“因素”，名词，故填factr。
【42题详解】
考查宾语从句。句意同上。结合句意及“kind f”可知，此处指“什么种类”，使用what引导宾语从句，故填what。
【43题详解】
考查动词。句意：在选择住房时，许多人都面临权衡取舍。结合上文“Anther decisin yu need t make abut husing”以及“deciding ____7____ kind f hme yu will be able t affrd”可知，文章是关于买房事宜，故此处指“在选择住房时”，chse“选择”，动词，此处是状语从句的省略，完整形式是When many peple are chsing husing，当状语从句的主语和主句主语一致，且从句含有be动词时，可省略从句主语和be动词，故填chsing。
【44题详解】
考查名词。句意同上。结合下文“They are willing t spend a little mre mney fr a better lcatin, r walk a few blcks mre t the bus stp”可知，人们买房时会面临权衡取舍，trade-ff“权衡”，可数名词，此处用复数形式，故填trade-ffs。
【45题详解】
考查名词。句意：他们愿意为更好的地段多花点钱，或者多走几个街区到公交车站，以节省房租。根据“walk a few blcks mre t the bus stp”可知，此处指“多走几个街区到公交车站，以节省房租”，rent“租金”，名词，故填rent。
第三节 词汇语法填空（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）
根据首字母或汉语提示填空，每空一词。
46. The Blacks are used t having their milk d___________. (根据首字母单词拼写)
【答案】delivered##elivered
【解析】
【详解】考查动词。句意：布莱克一家习惯于叫人送牛奶。根据句意及首字母提示可知，deliver“递送”，动词，deliver和宾语milk之间是被动关系，故用过去分词作宾补，故填delivered。
47. Air transprt is a mdern, fast and e___________ means f travel. (根据首字母单词拼写)
【答案】efficient##fficient
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词。句意：航空运输是一种现代化、快捷、高效的旅行方式。根据单词首字母以及句意可知应用形容词efficient，作定语修饰名词means。故填efficient。
48. Fr disabled visitrs there is gd wheelchair a___________ t mst facilities. (根据首字母单词拼写)
【答案】access##ccess
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：对于残疾游客来说，大多数设施都有方便的轮椅通道。根据句意及首字母提示可知，access“通道”，不可数名词，在句中作there be句型的主语，故填access。
49. With spring a____________, the pink f the apple blssm is beginning t shw. (根据首字母单词拼写)
【答案】appraching##ppraching
【解析】
【详解】考查动词。句意：随着春天的临近，苹果花开始露出粉红色。根据句意及首字母提示可知，apprach“靠近，接近”，动词，和spring之间是主动关系，故用现在分词作宾补，故填appraching。
50. Rescuers tunneled their way in t the t____________ miners. (根据首字母单词拼写)
【答案】trapped##rapped
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词。句意：救援人员打通了通往被困矿工的通道。根据句意及首字母提示可知，trapped“陷入困境的”，形容词，作定语修饰名词miners，故填trapped。
51. He was sentenced t prisn after ___________(承认) 47 charges f burglary. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
【答案】admitting
【解析】
【详解】考查动词。句意：在承认47项入室盗窃指控后，他被判入狱。根据汉语提示可知，admit“承认”，动词，空处作介词after的宾语，应用动名词形式，故填admitting。
52. Jessica ___________ (惊慌) when she saw smke cming ut f the engine. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
【答案】panicked
【解析】
【详解】考查动词。句意：当杰西卡看到引擎冒出烟时，她慌了。空格后是when引导的时间状语从句，主句中缺少谓语，所以空处填动词，根据所给中文提示词，应是panic意为“惊慌”，根据后文的saw可知，用一般过去时。故填panicked。
53. The ffer has been accepted by the lawyer ____________(代表) the victims. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
【答案】representing
【解析】
【详解】考查动词。句意：代表受害者的律师已经接受了这个提议。根据汉语提示可知，represent“代表”，动词，和lawyer之间是主谓关系，应用现在分词作后置定语，故填representing。
54. I ___________(明确地) tld yu nt t g near the water. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
【答案】specifically
【解析】
【详解】考查副词。句意：我明确告诉过你不要靠近水边。根据句意及汉语提示可知，此处使用副词specifically，修饰动词tld，作状语。故填specifically。
55. He was unhappy because f his ___________(分离) frm his mther. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
【答案】separatin
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：他因与母亲分离而不快乐。结合空前的his可知，空处应填名词形式，根据汉语提示可知，separatin“分离”，不可数名词，故填separatin。
第四节 翻译（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）
将下列句子翻译成汉语或英语。
56. 我的车需要修理。(汉译英)
______________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】My car needs/wants/requires repairing.或My car needs/wants/requires t be repaired.
【解析】
【详解】考查动词短语。“我的车”译为my car，作主语，“需要做某事”使用动词短语need/want/require ding，相当于need/want/require t be dne，“修理”使用动词repair，句子是描述一个事实，应用一般现在时，主语表示单数意义，谓语动词用单数，故翻译为：My car needs/wants/requires repairing.或My car needs/wants/requires t be repaired.
57. 价格随季节而变动。(汉译英)
______________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】The price varies accrding t the seasn. 或 Prices vary with seasns.
【解析】
【详解】考查动词（短语）。“价格”使用名词price，“变动”使用动词vary，“随着”使用固定短语accrding t，“季节”使用名词seasn，句子描述一个事实，用一般现在时，主语表示单数意义，谓语动词用单数，故翻译为The price varies accrding t the seasn.；“随……而变动”也可使用动词短语vary with，故本句也可译为Prices vary with seasns.。综上，故翻译为：The price varies accrding t the seasn.或 Prices vary with seasns.
58. 出国留学的梦想是有代价的。(汉译英)
______________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】The dream f studying abrad cmes with a price tag.
【解析】
【详解】考查动词短语。“梦想”使用名词dream，作主语，“出国留学”使用动词短语study abrad，“有代价”使用动词短语cme with a price tag，句子是描述一个事实，应用一般现在时，主语表示单数意义，谓语动词用单数，故翻译为：The dream f studying abrad cmes with a price tag.
59. The telephne allws us t reach ut beynd ur wn lives. (英译汉)
______________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】电话让我们拓宽了生活的范围。
【解析】
【详解】考查名词、非谓语动词、固定短语。主语是The telephne“电话”。结合语境可知本句陈述事实，故时态用一般现在时，且主语为The telephne，故谓语用第三人称单数形式allws，allw sb. t d sth.意为“允许某人做某事” ，宾语us意为“我们”。宾补是reach ut“伸出”的不定式。介词beynd“超过”。beynd的宾语ur wn lives“我们的生活”。故本句可译为：电话让我们拓宽了生活的范围。
60. Nt until Mary arrived hme did she realize she had left the key in her ffice. (英译汉)
______________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】直到玛丽到家，她才意识到她把钥匙落在办公室了。
【解析】
【详解】考查句子结构。分析句子可知，此处是nt until“直到……才……”置于句首引起的倒装句，从句Mary arrived hme 意为“玛丽到家”，主句主语是she“她”，谓语动词是realize“意识到”，she had left the key in her ffice是省略that的宾语从句，意为“她把钥匙落在办公室了”，故翻译为：直到玛丽到家，她才意识到她把钥匙落在办公室了。
第五节 单句语法填空 （共5小题；每小题1分，满分5分）
61. __________ caused the accident is a cmplete mystery.（用适当的词填空）
【答案】What
【解析】
【详解】考查主语从句。句意：造成事故的原因完全是个谜。分析句子可知，空处引导主语从句，引导词在从句中作主语，指物，应用连接代词what引导，首字母应大写，故填What。
62. __________ remains t be decided whether we shall raise ducks r geese. （用适当的词填空）
【答案】It
【解析】
【详解】考查it作形式主语。句意：我们是养鸭还是养鹅还有待决定。分析句子可知，空处应填it作形式主语，whether引导的主语从句是真正的主语，首字母应大写，故填It。
63. T tell the truth, I dn’t agree __________ yur plan. （用适当的词填空）
【答案】t
【解析】
【详解】考查介词。句意：说实话，我不同意你的计划。agree t sth“同意某事”，固定搭配，故填t。
64. The manager entered the ffice and was happy t learn that tw-thirds f the tickets __________ (bk). (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】had been bked
【解析】
【详解】考查过去完成时的被动语态。句意：经理走进办公室，得知三分之二的票已经被预订了，他很高兴。主语tickets和动词bk之间是被动关系，且bk表示的动作发生在was happy之前，应用过去完成时的被动语态，故填had been bked。
65. By the time the applicant makes up his mind, the ffer __________ (cancel). (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】will have been cancelled
【解析】
【详解】考查将来完成时的被动语态。句意：等到申请人下定决心的时候，ffer将已经被取消了。主语ffer和动词cancel之间是被动关系，结合时间状语By the time the applicant makes up his mind可知，此处表示在将来某个时间以前已经完成的动作，用将来完成时的被动语态，故填will have been cancelled。
第六节 短语填空（共5小题；每小题1分，满分5分）
选择合适短语并用其适当形式填空，其中两项为多余选项。
66. I passed my driving test __________.
67. Yesterday, the sailrs __________ n the last stage f their jurney.
68. It wuld take him the rest f his life t __________ all his debts.
69. Having a preference fr junk fd can __________ health prblems.
70. The cmpanies deliver value t custmers __________ payment.
【答案】66. at the first attempt
67. set ut
68. pay ff
69. result in
70. in exchange fr
【解析】
【66题详解】
考查介词短语。句意：我第一次就通过了驾驶考试。结合句意可知，此处指“我第一次就通过了驾驶考试”，at the first attempt“第一次尝试”，符合题意，故填at the first attempt。
【67题详解】
考查动词短语。句意：昨天，水手们开始了他们旅程的最后一站。根据“n the last stage f their jurney”可知，此处指“水手们开始了他们旅程的最后一站”，set ut“动身，开始”，set ut n表示“出发做某事”，结合Yesterday可知句子用一般过去时，故填set ut。
【68题详解】
考查动词短语。句意：他将用他的余生来还清所有的债务。结合“all his debts”可知，此处指“还清所有债务”，pay ff“还清，偿还”，符合题意，空前的t是不定式符号，后接动词原形，故填pay ff。
【69题详解】
考查动词短语。句意：喜欢吃垃圾食品会导致健康问题。结合句意可知，“喜欢吃垃圾食品会导致健康问题”，result in“导致”，符合题意，情态动词can后接动词原形，故填result in。
【70题详解】
考查介词短语。句意：这些公司为客户提供价值以换取付款。根据“The cmpanies deliver value t custmers”可知，此处指“这些公司为客户提供价值以换取付款”，in exchange fr“作为交换”，符合题意，故填in exchange fr。
第四部分 写作（满分15分）
71. 假定你是李华，你的美国朋友Peter想提高中文水平，进一步了解中国文化。请给他写一封信，推荐学习资源(resurce)。内容包括：
(1)学习资源：报纸、杂志及其他途径；
(2)推荐理由；
(3)表达祝愿。
注意：
(1)词数100左右；
(2)可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；
(3)开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数
Dear Peter,
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yurs,
Li Hua
【答案】Dear Peter,
I am glad t hear that yu are eager t imprve yur Chinese and knw mre abut Chinese culture. It’s my pleasure t recmmend yu sme resurces.
Reading sme ppular newspapers and magazines, such as Suthern Weekly, is the first chice, frm which yu can get lts f infrmatin abut Chinese custms. Besides, there are ther ways t experience the Chinese language and culture n the Internet, n TV r with sme apps. The interesting news and stries in these resurces are s amazing that yu will never feel bred. I am sure yu can benefit a lt frm them.
I sincerely hpe that yu can make great prgress in learning Chinese and have a better understanding f Chinese culture.
Yurs,
Li Hua
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。假定你是李华，你的美国朋友Peter想提高中文水平，进一步了解中国文化。请考生给他写一封信，推荐学习资源(resurce)。
【详解】1.词汇积累
渴望：be eager t→ be dying t
此外：besides → what’s mre
经历：experience→ g thrugh
令人吃惊的：amazing→ astnishing
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：Besides, there are ther ways t experience the Chinese language and culture n the Internet, n TV r with sme apps.
拓展句：Besides, there are ther ways in which yu can experience the Chinese language and culture n the Internet, n TV r with sme apps.
【点睛】【高分句型1】Reading sme ppular newspapers and magazines, such as Suthern Weekly, is the first chice, frm which yu can get lts f infrmatin abut Chinese custms.（运用了介词+which引导的非限制性定语从句）
【高分句型2】I sincerely hpe that yu can make great prgress in learning Chinese and have a better understanding f Chinese culture.（运用了that连接的宾语从句作hpe的宾语）
听力答案：1-5 ACBAC 6-10 CBACA11-15 BBACA16-20 BACBC
result in take ut set ut pay ff
at the first attempt be passinate abut in exchange fr