2024届湖南省岳阳市高三教学质量监测（二）英语试卷（含解析）

这是一份2024届湖南省岳阳市高三教学质量监测（二）英语试卷（含解析），共21页。试卷主要包含了阅读理解，完形填空，语法填空，书信写作，书面表达等内容，欢迎下载使用。

一、阅读理解
Spring breakers dn’t need t spend a frtune t enjy life in the sunshine fr a week. U. S. News carefully cnsidered everything t bring yu the best inexpensive spring break destinatins.
Key West
This small island in the Flrida Keys is knwn fr its dd residents and best snrkeling (浮潜) pprtunities. While yu’ll find plenty f spts fr partying alng rwdy Duval Street, yu can als sak up sme culture at the Ernest Hemingway Hme & Museum. Plus, Key West ffers several budget-friendly vacatin rentals, s yu can save yur cash fr bars and bat turs.
Panama City Beach
Panama City Beach is a tried-and-true Flrida spring break lcatin that is sure t please the masses. Scpe ut a spt acrss the twn’s 27 miles f white sand beaches t sunbathe, play vlleyball r scan the hrizn fr bttlense dlphins. Htel prices are reasnable if yu bk yur accmmdatins in advance. Just nte: This twn bans alchl cnsumptin n the beach during March, s yu’ll have t enjy yur adult beverages elsewhere.
Suth Padre Island
With htels ffering nightly rates arund $200 r less and DJs and celebrities hlding curt at nightclubs, Suth Padre Island, Texas, is a ht spring break destinatin fr cllege students. This Suth Texas lcal e is nly abut 30 miles nrth f the U. S.-Mexic brder, meaning yu’ll get t enjy warm weather withut having t leave the cuntry. As an added bnus, the island ffers a free public shuttle system, s budget-cnscius travelers wn’t have t wrry abut spending mney n a rental car.
1．What can turists d in Key West?
A．Have a gd surfing.
B．Bath e in the sun n the beach.
C．Thrw a party anywhere n the island.
D．Visit the Ernest Hemingway Hme & Museum.
2．What is special abut Panama City Beach?
A．The htel prices are lw whenever yu g.
B．It is a perfect destinatin fr spring vacatin.
C．Yu can drink sme wine n the beach in March.
D．Yu can see the bttlense dlphins in persn.
3．What d the three travel destinatins have in cmmn?
A．They are budget-friendly.B．They are alive with wildlife.
C．They ffer a taste f culture.D．They ffer free public shuttle system.
There cmes a time when the ld must give way t the new, and it is nt pssible t preserve everything frm ur past as we mve twards the future. Finding and keeping the right balance between prgress and the prtectin f cultural sites can be a big challenge.
Big challenges, hwever, can smetimes lead t great slutins. In the 1950s, the Egyptian gvernment wanted t build a new dam acrss the Nile in rder t cntrl flds, prduce electricity, and supply water t mre farmers in the area. But the prpsal led t prtests. Water frm the dam wuld likely damage a number f temples and destry cultural relics that were an imprtant part f Egypt’s cultural heritage. After listening t different vices, the gvernment turned t the United Natins fr help in 1959.
A cmmittee was established t limit damage t the Egyptian buildings and prevent the lss f cultural relics. The grup asked fr cntributins frm different departments and raised funds within the internatinal cmmunity. Experts investigated the issue, cnducted several tests, and then made a prpsal fr hw the buildings culd be saved. Finally, a dcument was signed, and the wrk began in 1960.
The prject brught tgether gvernments and envirnmentalists frm arund the wrld. Temples and ther cultural sites were taken dwn piece by piece, and then mved and put back tgether again in a place where they were safe frm the water. In1961, German engineers mved the first temple. Over the next 20 years, thusands f engineers and wrkers rescued 22 temples and cuntless cultural relics. Fifty cuntries dnated nearly $80 millin t the prject. When the prject ended in 1980, it was cnsidered a great success. Nt nly had the cuntries fund a path t the future that did nt run ver the relics f the past, but they had als learnt that it was pssible fr cuntries t wrk tgether t build a better tmrrw.
The spirit f the Aswan Dam prject is still alive tday. If a prblem seems t difficult fr a single natin, the glbal cmmunity can smetimes prvide a slutin.
4．What was the majr cncern regarding the cnstructin f the new dam?
A．The damage t lcal farms.
B．The high cst f the cnstructin.
C．The disapprval f lcal cmmunities.
D．The ptential harm t cultural remains.
5．Hw were the cultural sites rescued?
A．By rebuilding similar cultural sites.
B．By building fences arund them.
C．By taking them dwn int pieces.
D．By remving and piecing them tgether again.
6．Which f the fllwing best describes the Aswan Dam prject?
A．Internatinal cperatin is nt necessary fr large-scale prjects.
B．It is pssible t achieve prgress withut sacrificing cultural heritage.
C．The pinins f experts shuld be ignred in favr f ppular pinin.
D．Cuntries shuld always priritize their wn interests ver glbal cncerns.
7．What is the key t the success f the Aswan Dam prject?
A．Trial and errr.B．Adequate investment.
C．Glbal cperatin.D．Careful investigatin.
Billins f peple deal with a nail-biting habit at sme pint in their lives. Many will g t great lengths t try t stp. And while nt all f us are nail-biters, mst f us d have a habit we’d like t kick. S what’s the best way t break ne?
Research shws that intentins alne ften fail t lead t lng-term behavir change. This isn’t t say yu can’t break a habit. Rather, by understanding the basis f habits, yu can create better plans fr changing them. Fr example, we knw habits are ften affected by envirnments and rutines. Lying in bed may cause yu t endlessly scrll thrugh yur phne, r watching TV n the cuch may lead yu t grab a sugary snack.
One f the mst effective ways t manage behavir is t identify these lcatins r times f day. Then try t mdify them by changing yur rutine r creating bstacles that make it mre difficult t perfrm the habit in that space. Mving, switching jbs, r even starting a new schedule, are particularly great times t break a habit r build a new ne.
One 2005 study tracked university students’ exercising, reading, and TV-watching habits befre and after they transferred schls. When students were n lnger arund ld envirnments and rutines, their habits, even the strng nes, significantly changed.
Fr behavirs like nail-biting, a practice called habit reversal training can be helpful. Develped by psychlgists in the 1970s, the aim is t change a habit by replacing it with anther ne that’s less detrimental. The training requires yu t analyze and understand yur habit cues, s yu can effectively step in at the right times. Fr example, if yu tend t bite yur nails at wrk, keep a fidget ty at yur desk in advance. Then, if a stressful email cmes in, use the ty when yu feel the urge t bite yur nails.
Breaking a habit takes time, s remember t give yurself grace and have patience thrugh the prcess.
8．Why des the authr mentin “a nail-biting habit” in Para. 1?
A．T make a cmparisn.B．T make a cnclusin.
C．T intrduce the tpic.D．T attract readers’ attentin.
9．What is the best way t help us cntrl ur actin?
A．Having intentins alne.B．Understanding the basis f habits.
C．Making practical plans.D．Adapting the envirnments r times.
10．What des the underlined wrd “detrimental” in Para.5 prbably mean?
A．Harmful.B．Helpful.
C．Annying.D．Time-cnsuming.
11．Which f the fllwing is the best title fr the text?
A．Difficulties in dealing with nail-biting.B．Significance f habit reversal training.
C．Useful tips n getting rid f a habit.D．Necessity f having grace and patience.
Predicting extreme weather events is a tricky business. Changing climate cnditins have increased the frequency f severe strms, flds, and heatwaves, alng with larger wildfires. As a result, scientists are using artificial intelligence (AI) techniques fr mre accurate frecasts that help t minimize damage and save lives.
Researchers at Pennsylvania State University have wrked tgether with meterlgists (气象学家) t analyze mre than 50,000 weather satellite images t quickly identify strms. They fund cmma-shaped clud frmatins that ften lead t severe weather such as hail, blizzards, high winds, and thunderstrms.
Cmputers were then taught using cmputer visin and machine learning t autmatically detect these cluds frm satellite images, with almst 100 percent accuracy, in less than a minute. By refcusing meterlgists’ attentin n ptential strm clud frmatin the AI tl helped predict 64 percent f severe weather events and beat established detectin systems.
Expensive supercmputers are ften used t prcess vast amunts f data needed fr accurate weather predictin. But pwerful Al methds can run n smaller cmputers. Climate risk and planning cmpany ClimateAI uses a technique t dwnscale glbal weather frecasts t a lcal scale, cutting dwn n csts and cmputing pwer.
It uses a machine learning technique that pits tw neural netwrks against each ther. The neural netwrks - designed t wrk like neurns cnnected in the brain-fight and train each ther using glbal weather data until they get a result.
Using this methd ClimateAI researchers generate highly accurate and inexpensive lcal frecasts fr hurs r days ahead. And because it is nt as cstly, it allws prer cuntries affected by climate change t use frecasts t change the way they farm, build bridges, rads, r hmes, and adapt t extreme weather.
Average csts assciated with extreme weather events in the United States have increased steadily since 1980. These have cstly impacts n cities’ basic services, infrastructure, husing, human livelihds, and health. AI helps us t calculate that risk and can be used as a preventive measure.
12．What can be inferred frm Para.1?
A．Inaccurate frecasts minimize the destructin.
B．AI enhances accuracy in making weather predictin.
C．Less natural disasters are caused by climate change.
D．Changeable climate decreased the frequency f serius strms.
13．Which is NOT an advantage f AI tl?
A．Being steadier.B．Being cheaper.
C．Being quicker.D．Being mre precise.
14．What is the functin f Para.5?
A．T explain hw ClimateAI wrks.
B．T intrduce why AI methds are used.
C．T shw where ClimateAI can be applied.
D．T identify what effects f the AI tl has.
15．What is the authr’s attitude twards AI techniques in predicting extreme weather?
A．Critical.B．Apprving.
C．Objective.D．Indifferent.
Anger is the mst destructive emtin. When in a temper, yu make hasty ill-cnsidered decisins that yu will prbably regret. Yu will als regret language spken withut thught. Hw t stp being angry? 16
Change yur attitude t the way the wrld wrks. Yu have t accept that smetimes things d g wrng and that peple are nt always lvely. 17 Als, yu need t accept that nt everyne has the same standards as yu, nr will they behave in the same way that yu wuld in a given situatin. The answer is t be a bit mre flexible and lsen yur hld n life.
Dn’t dismiss anger as a bad emtin. There are ccasins when anger can be directed in such a way as t achieve great things. Martin Luther King was angry abut the lack f civil rights in the USA．Gandhi was angry abut British dminatin in India. 18 Use anger t help yu nt prevent yu.
19 Anger management used t be prmted as a way f dealing with anger, but all that happens is that the anger is held back. A much better way f facing up t anger is t identify the rt cause. When trying t get t the rt cause, be prepared t be hnest with yurself. Once yu knw why yu get mad, it is pssible t deal with the cause. Take psitive steps t help yu vercme feelings f anger.
20 Make changes t yur lifestyle and attitudes, and yu will stp being angry.
A．Stp trying t manage yur anger.
B．Try t cntrl it when yu get angry.
C．Here are ways that yu can cunter the causes f anger.
D．In cnclusin, yu must recgnize that anger is smething yu can cntrl.
E．Realizing that n ne is perfect is a gd start t aviding getting angry.
F．Try t accept that ther peple d behave in ways that will make yu frustrated and angry.
G．They bth used anger t mtivate themselves t fight against what they saw as injustice.
二、完形填空
Many years ag, a teenage by named David arrived at a children’s institutin in England. He was referred t me, a (an) 21 , by his head teacher. David had lst bth his parents and was understandably sad and 22 . I met with him twice, but he 23 silent.
I recgnized the limitatins f psychlgy in 24 his deep pain but fund that empathetic listening and shared activities like chess prvided a safe space fr David t 25 . S we played every Wednesday afternn in 26 and withut any eye cntact. I 27 t ensure he wn nce r twice, prviding a sense f 28 and success.
Gradually, David began t 29 . He arrived early and 30 participated in setting up the chessbard. It seemed as if he enjyed my 31 . I thught David needed smene t share his pain with, and he sensed my respect fr his 32 . Mnths later, I watched David 33 ver the chessbard. Suddenly, he lked up at me and said, “Yur 34 .” After that, he started talking and making friends. He wrte t me abut his bike rides and plans t get int university. Later, he really started living his wn life.
David shwed me hw ne can reach ut t anther persn withut 35 , just with a hug, a shulder t cry n, r an ear that listens.
21．A．dctrB．tutrC．adviserD．psychlgist
22．A．ashamedB．depressedC．disappintedD．annyed
23．A．remainedB．seemedC．fellD．became
24．A．feelingB．understandingC．addressingD．causing
25．A．relaxB．healC．speakD．play
26．A．peaceB．chasC．silenceD．pain
27．A．backedB．expectedC．struggledD．cheated
28．A．cmfrtB．securityC．directinD．belief
29．A．pen upB．shw ffC．break dwnD．fit in
30．A．regularlyB．slwlyC．activelyD．curiusly
31．A．cmmunicatinB．cmpanyC．cntactD．recgnitin
32．A．sufferingB．lssC．participatinD．prgress
33．A．thinkingB．turningC．bendingD．tripping
34．A．chanceB．favrC．dutyD．turn
35．A．limitatinB．hesitatinC．regretD．wrds
三、语法填空
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
The 16th t 18th centuries 36 (witness) the peak time f Suzhu classical gardens, fllwing the rise f the city as 37 ecnmic center, playing hst t arund 250 gardens. Sme were inevitably lst t time, but sme f the mre recent 38 kept blssming. A survey frm 2015 t 2018 shwed that the city is hme t 108 classical gardens, 57 f 39 are in the histrical neighbrhd f Gusu district.
“Suzhu gardens reveal peple’s adratin f nature by mixing elements f different natural landscapes 40 their designs,” says He Fengchun, directr f the Suzhu Institute f Landscape Architecture Design. “They inspire us 41 (pursue) harmny with the wrld arund us.” “Visiting a garden is like unrlling a traditinal Chinese landscape painting,” she further explains. “S, like paintings, ancient Chinese philsphy and mrals 42 (hide) in the details f the gardens.” In centuries past, Suzhu als 43 (large) directed the develpment f ancient Chinese landscape gardens as a whle.
Zhu Haijun, directr f Suzhu Cnservatin and Mnitring Center, cnsiders educatin prgrams fr the yung generatin as key t 44 (pass) dwn the intangible heritage fr the future. “The future destiny f the classical gardens is in their hands,” he says. “We’d like t plant a seed in their hearts s that the gardens can cntinue t flurish thrugh the 45 (age).”
四、书信写作
46．你校学生会计划面向国际交流生招募山区小学英语支教志愿者。请你写一则招募启事，内容包括：
1. 介绍招募目的；
2. 说明工作内容和要求。
注意：1. 词数80左右；
2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
Vlunteers wanted
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
五、书面表达
47．阅读下面短文，根据所给情节进行续写，使之构成一个完整的故事。
Fr many, an act f kindness is its wn reward. But Eva Hachey fund her selflessness answered in ways she culd never have imagined.
Fr weeks, Eva Hachey had imagined adpting a glden Chihuahua with a white spt n its frehead. And there he was, at her lcal SPCA in Frederictn, New Brunswick. The dg had been abused by his previus wners and was timid. “He’d cme t me, then back away and grwl, then cme back t me,” Hachey said. “After 15 minutes, the attendant picked him up and put him in my lap. He started giving me kisses. He stle my heart in that mment.” She adpted the ten-mnth-ld puppy n the spt and named him Brun.
Brun lived happily with Hachey and her 35-year-ld daughter, Angel Hutchinsn, fr five mnths. Then, n the evening f September 26, 2016, Hachey, 52 at the time, returned hme as usual at 8 p. m. frm her jb as a chirpractic assistant and ffice manager. And as usual, she ate supper in frnt f the TV in the living rm. Arund 10: 30, a friend called, just as Brun went int Hutchinsn’s rm t g t sleep fr the night. Hachey and her friend chatted a bit, and as Hachey hung up, she nticed the time was 11: 08.
“The next thing I remember was a male vice saying, ‘Eva, Eva, wake up.’ It was an emergency dctr,” said Hachey. “I lked arund, and the rm was just full f peple. And I said, ‘What are yu ding in my huse?’”
What they were ding was saving her life. By the time Hachey had hung up with her friend, Hutchinsn was fast asleep in her bedrm and Brun was in his usual spt next t her under the blankets. Hachey believed Brun heard smething dd then and pssibly went t the living rm t investigate.
注意：1. 续写词数应为150左右；
2. 请按如格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Unexpectedly, Brun ran back t the bedrm and tried every means t awaken Hutchinsn.
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
A year later, Hachey finally fully recvered.
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
参考答案：
1．D 2．D 3．A
【导语】这是一篇应用文，文章介绍了三个春节期间便宜好玩的去处。
1．细节理解题。根据Key West部分中“While yu’ll find plenty f spts fr partying alng rwdy Duval Street, yu can als sak up sme culture at the Ernest Hemingway Hme & Museum.(虽然你会在喧闹的杜瓦尔街找到很多聚会的地方，但你也可以在欧内斯特·海明威故居和博物馆里感受一些文化)”可知，在Key West，游客可以参观海明威故居博物馆，故选D。
2．细节理解题。根据Panama City Beach部分中“Scpe ut a spt acrss the twn’s 27 miles f white sand beaches t sunbathe, play vlleyball r scan the hrizn fr bttlense dlphins.(在小镇27英里长的白色沙滩上找一个地方晒日光浴，打排球，或者在地平线上寻找宽吻海豚)”可知，巴拿马城海滩的特殊之处在于你可以亲眼看到宽吻海豚，故选D。
3．细节理解题。根据第一段“Spring breakers dn’t need t spend a frtune t enjy life in the sunshine fr a week. U. S. News carefully cnsidered everything t bring yu the best inexpensive spring break destinatins.(春天假期不需要花一大笔钱去享受一周阳光下的生活。《美国新闻与世界报道》仔细考虑了一切，为你带来最便宜的春假目的地)”可知，文章介绍的是经济实惠的旅游目的地，下文的每一段也都涉及到了经济实惠，故选A。
4．D 5．D 6．B 7．C
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章叙述了埃及政府在建造阿斯旺大坝过程中，文化遗产保护所面临的问题和解决过程，并总结了其对全世界产生的积极影响。
4．细节理解题。根据第二段中“Water frm the dam wuld likely damage a number f temples and destry cultural relics that were an imprtant part f Egypt’s cultural heritage. (大坝的水可能会损坏一些寺庙，并摧毁作为埃及文化遗产重要组成部分的文物)”可知，大坝的水可能会损坏一些寺庙，并摧毁作为埃及文化遗产重要组成部分的文物即新大坝的建设可能对文物有潜在破坏。故选D。
5．细节理解题。根据第四段中“Temples and ther cultural sites were taken dwn piece by piece, and then mved and put back tgether again in a place where they were safe frm the water.(寺庙和其他文化遗址被一块一块地拆除，然后移动并重新组装在一个安全的地方)”可知，通过把文化遗址拆下来再拼起来的方式来拯救文化遗址。故选D。
6．推理判断题。根据第一段和第二段中“Finding and keepig the right balance between prgress and the prtectin f cultural sites can be a big challenge. Big challenges, hwever, can smetimes lead t great slutins.(在文化遗址的保护和进步之间找到并保持适当的平衡可能是一个巨大的挑战。然而，巨大的挑战有时会带来伟大的解决方案)”和倒数第二段的“Nt nly had the cuntries fund a path t the future that did nt run ver the relics f the past, but they had als learnt that it was pssible fr cuntries t wrk tgether t build a better tmrrw.(这些国家不仅找到了一条通往未来的道路，而不会越过过去的遗迹，而且还认识到，各国有可能共同努力建设一个更美好的明天)”可以推出在不牺牲文化遗产的情况下实现进步是可能的。故选B。
7．推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“Nt nly had the cuntries fund a path t the future that did nt run ver the relics f the past, but they had als learnt that it was pssible fr cuntries t wrk tgether t build a better tmrrw.(这些国家不仅找到了一条通往未来的道路，而不会越过过去的遗迹，而且还认识到，各国有可能共同努力建设一个更美好的明天)”以及倒数第一段中“The spirit f the Aswan Dam prject is still alive tday. If a prblem seems t difficult fr a single natin, the glbal cmmunity can smetimes prvide a slutin.( 阿斯旺大坝工程的精神今天仍然存在。如果一个问题对一个国家来说太难了，国际社会有时可以提供一个解决方案)”可知，碎阿斯旺大坝的成功在于各国共同努力的结果。故选C。
8．C 9．D 10．A 11．C
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。本文主要讲述了如何改变习惯，包括了环境和常规的影响，以及一些有效的方法如何改变习惯，比如改变日常行为的时间和地点，使用习惯逆转训练等。同时提醒读者要有耐心和恒心来改变习惯，因为这个过程需要时间。
8．推理判断题。根据第一段中“And while nt all f us are nail-biters, mst f us d have a habit we’d like t kick. S what’s the best way t break ne?( 虽然不是所有人都是咬指甲的人，但我们大多数人都有一个想要改掉的习惯。那么打破它的最好方法是什么呢?)”可知，第一段以“咬指甲”这个坏习惯为例，引出文章主题即如何改掉习惯。故选C。
9．细节理解题。根据第三段中“One f the mst effective ways t manage behavir is t identify these lcatins r times f day. (管理行为最有效的方法之一就是确定这些地点或时间)”可知，管理行为最好的方法之一是确定时间或地点即适应环境或时间。故选D。
10．词义猜测题。根据下划线前面的内容“Develped by psychlgists in the 1970s, the aim is t change a habit by replacing it with anther ne that’s less…(心理学家在20世纪70年代提出了这种方法，目的是通过用另一种……的习惯来改变一种习惯)”以及后文的例子“Fr example, if yu tend t bite yur nails at wrk, keep a fidget ty at yur desk in advance. Then, if a stressful email cmes in, use the ty when yu feel the urge t bite yur nails.(举个例子，如果你在工作时总是咬指甲，事先将一个玩耍的玩具放在你的办公桌上。然后，如果收到一封压力大的电子邮件时，当你感到想要咬指甲时，就使用这个玩具)”可知，如果收到一封压力大的电子邮件时，当你感到想要咬指甲时，就使用这个玩具这种危害性较小的行为来替代咬指甲的习惯即通过一种危害性小的习惯来取代或者改变原有的习惯。由此划线词与A选项“Harmful.(有害的)”为同义词。故选A。
11．主旨大意题。根据第一段“And while nt all f us are nail-biters, mst f us d have a habit we’d like t kick. S what’s the best way t break ne?( 虽然不是所有人都是咬指甲的人，但我们大多数人都有一个想要改掉的习惯。那么打破它的最好方法是什么呢？)”以及通读全文可知，本文主要讲述了如何改变习惯，包括了环境和常规的影响，以及一些有效的方法如何改变习惯。C选项“Useful tips n getting rid f a habit.(关于摆脱习惯的有用建议)”符合文章标题。故选C。
12．B 13．A 14．A 15．B
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了使用人工智能能准确地预测极端天气的研究发现。
12．推理判断题。根据第一段中“Changing climate cnditins have increased the frequency f severe strms, flds, and heatwaves, alng with larger wildfires. As a result, scientists are using artificial intelligence (AI) techniques fr mre accurate frecasts that help t minimize damage and save lives.(不断变化的气候条件增加了严重风暴、洪水和热浪以及更大规模野火的发生频率。因此，科学家们正在使用人工智能(AI)技术进行更准确的预测，以帮助最大限度地减少损失并挽救生命)”可知，人工智能提高了天气预报的准确性。故选B。
13．细节理解题。根据第三段中“Cmputers were then taught using cmputer visin and machine learning t autmatically detect these cluds frm satellite images, with almst 100 percent accuracy, in less than a minute. (然后，计算机使用计算机视觉和机器学习技术，在不到一分钟的时间内，从卫星图像中自动检测出这些云，准确率几乎达到100%)”可知，AI工具的优点是快速和准确，同时根据第四段中“ Climate risk and planning cmpany ClimateAI uses a technique t dwnscale glbal weather frecasts t a lcal scale, cutting dwn n csts and cmputing pwer.(气候风险和规划公司ClimateAI使用一种技术将全球天气预报缩小到局部范围，从而降低成本和计算能力。)”可知，AI工具具有降低成本的优点。故排除A选项“Being steadier.(更稳定)”，文章未有提及。故选A。
14．推理判断题。根据第五段“It uses a machine learning technique that pits tw neural netwrks against each ther. The neural netwrks - designed t wrk like neurns cnnected in the brain-fight and train each ther using glbal weather data until they get a result.(它使用了一种机器学习技术，使两个神经网络相互竞争。这些神经网络—被设计成像大脑中连接的神经元一样工作——利用全球天气数据相互对抗和训练，直到它们得到结果)”可知，本段主要介绍的是来解释 ClimateAI是如何工作的。故选A。
15．推理判断题。根据最后一段“Average csts assciated with extreme weather events in the United States have increased steadily since 1980. These have cstly impacts n cities’ basic services, infrastructure, husing, human livelihds, and health. AI helps us t calculate that risk and can be used as a preventive measure.( 自1980年以来，美国与极端天气事件相关的平均成本稳步上升。这些对城市的基本服务、基础设施、住房、人类生计和健康造成了代价高昂的影响。人工智能可以帮助我们计算这种风险，并可以用作预防措施)”可知，人工智能可以帮助我们计算这种风险，并可以用作预防措施，由此作者对于人工智能在预测极端气候方面的态度是赞许的。B选项“Apprving.(赞许的)”符合题意。故选B。
16．C 17．F 18．G 19．A 20．D
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了帮助控制情绪，不发脾气的方法。
16．根据前文“Hw t stp being angry?(如何停止生气？)”可知此处提出问题即如何停止生气。以及后文所给出的具体建议可知，设空处应该承上启下。C选项“Here are ways that yu can cunter the causes f anger.(这里有一些你可以对抗愤怒的原因的方法。)”引出下文所提出的一些方法，符合语境。故选C。
17．根据前文的内容“Change yur attitude t the way the wrld wrks. Yu have t accept that smetimes things d g wrng and that peple are nt always lvely.(改变你对世界运行方式的态度。你必须接受有时事情会出错，人们并不总是可爱的。)”可知，此处强调改变自己的态度，接受人们并不总是可爱的，避免让自己生气。F选项“Try t accept that ther peple d behave in ways that will make yu frustrated and angry.(试着接受别人的行为方式会让你感到沮丧和愤怒。)”承接前文，符合题意。故选F。
18．根据前文“Dn’t dismiss anger as a bad emtin. (不要误认为愤怒是一种不好的情绪。)”以及“ Martin Luther King was angry abut the lack f civil rights in the USA. Gandhi was angry abut British dminatin in India.(马丁·路德·金对美国缺乏公民权利感到愤怒。甘地对英国在印度的统治感到愤怒。)”可知，此处通过列举的方式马丁·路德·金和甘地的例子说明不要认为愤怒是不好的情绪。G选项“They bth used anger t mtivate themselves t fight against what they saw as injustice.(他们都用愤怒来激励自己与他们所认为的不公正作斗争。)”中的they指代前文的马丁·路德·金和甘地，指出他们通过愤怒来激励自己与他们所认为的不公正作斗争，该选项符合语境。故选G。
19．空处为段落标题。根据后文“ Anger management used t be prmted as a way f dealing with anger, but all that happens is that the anger is held back. (愤怒管理曾经被推广为处理愤怒的方法，但真正发生的只是愤怒被抑制住了。)”以及“A much better way f facing up t anger is t identify the rt cause. (面对愤怒的一个更好的方法是找出根本原因。)”可知，抑制愤怒并不是处理愤怒的合理方法，此处作者强调面对愤怒的一个更好的方法是找出其根本原因。A选项“Stp trying t manage yur anger.(不要试图控制你的愤怒。)”概括本段段旨，指出不要试图控制你的愤怒。故选A。
20．该空位于文章的结尾处，应该是文章的总结概括句。根据后文“Make changes t yur lifestyle and attitudes, and yu will stp being angry.(改变你的生活方式和态度，你就不会再生气了。)”是对上文方法和带来的结果进行的描述，因此设空处应该是总结句。D选项“In cnclusin, yu must recgnize that anger is smething yu can cntrl.(总之，你必须认识到愤怒是你可以控制的。)”符合语境。故选D。
21．D 22．B 23．A 24．C 25．B 26．C 27．D 28．A 29．A 30．C 31．B 32．A 33．C 34．D 35．D
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。这篇文章讲述了一个叫David的少年通过一个心理医生的帮助，逐渐走出了失去父母的痛苦，找到了重新生活的勇气。主旨是关于人与人之间的情感支持和倾听的重要性。
21．考查名词词义辨析。句意：他的班主任把他介绍给我这个心理学家。A. dctr医生；B. tutr导师；C. adviser顾问；D. psychlgist心理学家。根据“I recgnized the limitatins f psychlgy in ____4____ his deep pain”可知，作者运用心理学去治疗他，故作者是一名心理学家。故选D。
22．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：David失去了双亲，他的悲伤和沮丧是可以理解的。A. ashamed感到羞愧的；B. depressed沮丧的；C. disappinted失望的；D. annyed恼怒的。根据“David had lst bth his parents”可知，David失去了双亲，他是悲伤的。故选B。
23．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我和他见过两次面，但他保持沉默。A. remained保持；B. seemed似乎；C. fell陷入；D. became变得。根据“David had lst bth his parents and was understandably sad and ____2____ .”可知，David失去了双亲，他是悲伤和沮丧的，因此沉默寡言。故选A。
24．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我意识到心理学在解决他深深的痛苦方面的局限性，但我发现，同理心的倾听和像国际象棋这样的共同活动为大卫提供了一个安全的疗伤空间。A. feeling感觉；B. understanding理解；C. addressing解决；D. causing引起。根据“David had lst bth his parents and was understandably sad and ____2____ .”可知，David失去了双亲，他是悲伤和沮丧的，因此作者使用心理学去解决他的痛苦。故选C。
25．考查动词词义辨析。句意：同上。A. relax放松；B. heal治愈；C. speak说话；D. play玩耍。根据“the limitatins f psychlgy in ____4____ his deep pain”可知，作者发现同理心的倾听和像国际象棋这样的共同活动为大卫提供了一个安全的疗伤空间。故选B。
26．考查名词词义辨析。句意：所以我们每周三下午都安静地玩，没有任何眼神交流。A. peace平静；B. chas混乱；C. silence沉默；D. pain疼痛。根据“I met with him twice, but he ____3____ silent.”以及“withut any eye cntact.”可知，作者和David是在安静的玩。故选C。
27．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我作弊以确保他赢一两次，提供一种舒适和成功的感觉。A. backed支持；B. expected期待；C. struggled奋斗；D. cheated欺骗。根据“ensure he wn nce r twice”可知，作者作弊以确保他赢一两次。故选D。
28．考查名词词义辨析。句意：A. cmfrt舒适；B. security安全；C. directin方向；D. belief信念。根据“ensure he wn nce r twice,”可知，David赢得了一两次，这能够为他提供舒适和成功感。故选A。
29．考查动词短语辨析。句意：渐渐地，David开始敞开心扉了。A. pen up打开；B. shw ff炫耀；C. break dwn崩溃；D. fit in融入。根据“He arrived early and ____10____ participated in setting up the chessbard. It seemed as if he enjyed my ____11____ .”可知，他很早就到了，并积极参与布置棋盘，因此体现了他慢慢的敞开了心扉。故选A。
30．考查副词词义辨析。句意：他很早就到了，并积极参与布置棋盘。他似乎很喜欢我的陪伴。A. regularly定期地；B. slwly慢慢地；C. actively积极地；D. curiusly好奇地。根据“as if he enjyed my ____11____ .”可知，他很早就到了，并积极参与布置棋盘。故选C。
31．考查名词词义辨析。句意：同上。A. cmmunicatin交流；B. cmpany陪伴；C. cntact联系；D. recgnitin认可。根据“S we played every Wednesday afternn”可知，他似乎很喜欢作者的陪伴。故选B。
32．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我觉得David需要有人来分担他的痛苦，他感觉到我对他的痛苦的尊重。A. suffering痛苦；B. lss损失；C. participatin参与；D. prgress进步。根据“David needed smene t share his pain with”可知，觉得David需要有人来分担他的痛苦，他感觉到我对他的痛苦的尊重。故选A。
33．考查动词词义辨析。句意：几个月后，我看到David俯身在棋盘上。A. thinking思考；B. turning转身；C. bending弯曲；D. tripping绊倒。根据“Suddenly, he lked up at me and said, “Yur ____14____ .””可知，二人正在下棋，David俯身在棋盘上。故选C。
34．考查名词词义辨析。句意：突然，他抬头看着我说：“轮到你了。”A. chance机会；B. favr喜欢；C. duty责任；D. turn转向。根据“I watched David ____13____ ver the chessbard.”可知，David俯身在棋盘上，表明二人正在下棋。故选D。
35．考查名词词义辨析。句意：David向我展示了一个人如何不用言语去接触另一个人，只需要一个拥抱，一个可以依靠哭泣的肩膀，或者一个倾听的耳朵。A. limitatin限制；B. hesitatin犹豫；C. regret后悔；D. wrds言辞。根据“I met with him twice, but he ____3____ silent.”以及“S we played every Wednesday afternn in ____6____ and withut any eye cntact.”可知，面对David的悲伤，作者是以无声的方式陪伴着David，解决了他的悲伤，打开了他的内心。故选D。
36．witnessed 37．an 38．nes 39．which 40．int 41．t pursue 42．are hidden 43．largely 44．passing 45．ages
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了中国苏州古典园林的历史和现状。
36．考查时态。句意：16到18世纪见证了苏州古典园林的鼎盛时期，随着城市作为经济中心的崛起，这里大约有250个园林。分析句子可知，空处作句子的谓语，主语为The 16th t 18th centuries，此处在叙述过去发生的事情，时态应用一般过去时。故填witnessed。
37．考查冠词。句意：16到18世纪见证了苏州古典园林的鼎盛时期，随着城市作为经济中心的崛起，这里大约有250个园林。分析句子可知，空处表示泛指，意为“一个经济中心”，应用不定冠词，且ecnmic的发音以元音音素开头，应用an。故填an。
38．考查代词。句意：其中一些不可避免地随着时间的流逝而消失了，但最近的一些仍在蓬勃发展。根据上文“arund 250 gardens”可推知，此处应用the mre recent nes特指前面的可数名词复数gardens。故填nes。
39．考查定语从句。句意：2015年至2018年的一项调查显示，该市有108座古典园林，其中57座位于姑苏区的历史街区。分析句子可知，空处和空前的57 f构成“数词+f+关系代词”的结构，引导非限制性定语从句，对先行词108 classical gardens作补充说明，先行词指物，应用关系代词which作引导词。故填which。
40．考查介词。句意：苏州市园林设计研究院院长贺风春说：“苏州园林在设计中融合了不同的自然景观元素，体现了人们对自然的崇拜。”根据“mixing elements f different natural landscapes”和“their designs”可推知，此处用固定短语mix sth. int sth.表示“将……融合进……”。故填int。
41．考查非谓语动词。句意：它们激励我们追求与周围世界的和谐。根据“They inspire us”可推知，此处用固定短语inspire sb. t d sth.表示“激励某人做某事”。故填t pursue。
42．考查时态语态和主谓一致。句意：所以，就像绘画一样，中国古代的哲学和道德隐藏在园林的细节中。分析句子可知，空处作句子的谓语，此处在描述一般性的事实，时态应用一般现在时，hide“隐藏”和主语ancient Chinese philsphy and mrals之间是被动关系，应用被动语态，且主语是复数，be动词应用are。故填are hidden。
43．考查副词。句意：在过去的几个世纪里，苏州也在很大程度上引领了中国古代园林的发展。分析句子可知，空处修饰动词directed，large的副词形式largely符合题意，意为“很大程度上”。故填largely。
44．考查非谓语动词。句意：苏州保护监管中心主任朱海俊认为，对年轻一代的教育项目是面向未来传承非物质遗产的关键。分析句子可知，空处作介词t的宾语，the key t ding sth.意为“做某事的关键”，pass应用动名词形式。故填passing。
45．考查名词的数。句意：我们想在他们的心中种下一颗种子，这样花园就能经久不衰。age在这里意为“（历史上的）时代，时期”，为可数名词，结合语境可知，此处表达“历久弥新，经久不衰”，age应用复数形式。故填ages。
46．Vlunteers wanted
T ease the burden f the teacher shrtage in remte areas, vlunteers are needed t teach English there.
As a vlunteer, yu will be respnsible fr giving English classes and caring fr the kids, especially the left-behind nes. The prgramme will last fr ne year. There is n dubt that these activities will leave yu with unfrgettable memries fr the rest f yur life.
Yu need t be ver 18 and able t cmmunicate well bth in spken and written Chinese and English. Similar experience is nt a must, but yu shuld be friendly and utging. If interested, please cntact 123456@qq. cm.
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。你校学生会计划面向国际交流生招募山区小学英语支教志愿者，要求考生写一则招募启事。
【详解】1.词汇积累
减轻：ease→reduce
被需要：be needed→be wanted
活动：activity → event
应该：shuld→be suppsed t
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：As a vlunteer, yu will be respnsible fr giving English classes and caring fr the kids, especially the left-behind nes.
拓展句：As a vlunteer, yu will be respnsible fr giving English classes and caring fr the kids, especially the left-behind nes, which is really beneficial and meaningful.
【点睛】【高分句型1】T ease the burden f the teacher shrtage in remte areas, vlunteers are needed t teach English there.（运用了不定式作状语的结构）
【高分句型2】 If interested, please cntact 123456@qq. cm.（运用了状语从句的省略结构）
47．Unexpectedly, Brun ran back t the bedrm and tried every means t awaken Hutchinsn. He barked and jumped n and ff the bed. When that didn’t wrk, he attacked Hutchinsn’s fleshy skin between her fingers. Finally, Hutchinsn wke up and was immediately led int the living rm, nly t discver Hatchey passed ut in the chair. She had almst stpped breathing and was apparently in danger. Withut hesitatin, Hutchsn lifted her head up s her mther culd breathe, and dialed 911 n her cell. The ambulance finally arrived and Hatchey was rushed t the hspital. It turned ut that she suffered a strke and wuld have died withut the quick respnse.
A year later, Hachey finally fully recvered. Recalling the experience, she was cnvinced that being fund s quickly after the attack was the key factr in helping her survive. She wed it t Brun, saying that it was he that saved her life. “I never imagined he wuld save my life when I adpted him. I d believe the animal will pick us and I am lucky he chse me. ” Hatchey gazed at Brun and strked his fur gently, smiling cntentedly. Any act f kindness is its wn reward, n matter hw small it seems.
【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，本文讲述了Eva Hachey通过采取一只庇护所狗狗布鲁诺做出的善良行为，而最终获得了她意想不到的回报。
【详解】1.段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“出乎意料的是，布鲁诺跑回卧室，并尽一切办法唤醒Hutchinsn”可知，第一段可描写第一段可描写布鲁诺叫醒Hutchinsn，以及如何救Hachey的过程。
②由第二段首句内容“一年后，Hachey终于完全康复了”可知，第二段可描写Hachey恢复之后，得知自己被布鲁诺拯救的过程，很感动和感悟。
2.续写线索：
Hachey领养Brun——Hachey的女儿以及Brun关系非常亲密——一天，Hachey突发中风——Brun唤醒Hachey的女儿，及时拨打911——Hachey病情恢复——Hachey得知真相非常感动
3.词汇激活
行为类
①到达：arrive/reach/get t
②拯救：save/rescue
③看着：gaze at/stare at
情绪类
①毫不犹豫：withut hesitatin/unhesitatingly
②满意地：cntentedly/satisfactrily
【点睛】[高分句型1] It turned ut that she suffered a strke and wuld have died withut the quick respnse. （句中含有it作形式主语，that引导主语从句的结构）
[高分句型2] Hatchey gazed at Brun and strked his fur gently, smiling cntentedly. （句中含有现在分词作状语的结构）