四川省绵阳南山中学2022-2023学年高三下学期开学考试英语试卷(含答案)

这是一份四川省绵阳南山中学2022-2023学年高三下学期开学考试英语试卷(含答案)，共24页。试卷主要包含了阅读理解，七选五，完形填空，语法填空，短文改错，书面表达等内容，欢迎下载使用。

一、阅读理解
Old and histrical cinemas are all arund us and yet s unnticed. A new phtbk uncvers their ften verlked beauty.
Lew’s Palace Theatre
Originally pened as the Pli’s Palace Theatre in 1922 by architect Thmas W. Lamb, it was ne f a duble theatre cmplex alng with the neighburing Pli’s Majestic Theatre. In 1934, bth theatres were taken ver by Lew’s and perated as film theatres. In the late 1970s, an attempt t turn the building int a Christian Revival Centre never succeeded. The theatre is presently vacant and awaiting restratin.
Metrplitan Opera Huse
Originally funded as the Philadelphia Opera Huse in 1908, it was designed by lcal architect William H. McElfatrick, wh was in charge f the design f 40 theatres in his career. The Philadelphia Opera Huse was designed fr pera manager Oscar Hammerstein as his ninth pera huse. In 1910, it was sld t the Metrplitan Opera f New Yrk City and was renamed the Met. Thrugh the 1920s, it shwed silent films in additin t hsting varius pera cmpanies. In the late 1930s, it became a ballrm, and in the 1940s a sprts area fr basketball, wrestling, and bxing events. It finally clsed in 1954 and was turned int a church.
Rbin’s Theatre
Opened in 1923, it had 1,500 seats, and was designed by architects I. J. Gldstn and Detrit-based C. Hward Crane. It was perated by The Rbins Theatre Enterprises C., a lcal cmpany funded by Daniel Rbins, wh was an early partner f Albert Warner f Warner Brs. It clsed in 1974 and was vacant until 2018, when it was renvated and repened as a multipurpse venue in 2020.
1．At present, where are yu likely t g fr a cncert?
A. Lew’s Palace Theatre. B. Rbin’s Theatre.
C. Christian Revival Centre. D. Metrplitan Opera Huse.
2．What d Lew’s Palace Theatre and Metrplitan Opera Huse have in cmmn?
A. Bth f them used t shw silent films.
B. Bth f them have been restred.
C. Bth f them served religius purpses.
D. Bth f them were renamed.
3．What is the purpse f this passage?
A. T prvide infrmatin n verlked ld theatres.
B. T rank the ld and unnticed theatres.
C. T encurage peple t prtect the ld theatres.
D. T shw the develpment f American theatres.
My mther always tld me, “Yu shuld explre yur wn cuntry befre stepping ut int the wrld.” Hwever, it seems like a tugh missin t travel all acrss its expansive surfaces. But luckily fr me, Via Rail Canada ffered yuths between the ages f 18 and 25 the chance t ride the train acrss Canada fr the mnth f July. The ticket was a bargain $150. My best friends Trevr, Jel and Jeremy and I immediately jumped at the pprtunity and secured fur tickets n the great Canadian railrad.
Fr a grup f 20-year-lds, this was like the first flight f yung birds frm the nest. When we apprached the train statin in the mrning, ur 22-day adventure frm Sudbury t Vancuver was t begin. Eyes baggy frm lack f sleep, we jumped n bard as if it was the train t Hgwarts in Harry Ptter. Althugh the thught f three full days n thse tracks cvering clse t 3, 000 kilmetres crushed ur spirits a little, what happened next caught us by surprise.
The three days n bard turned int a summer camp n rails. At night, we wuld climb up the glass-dmed train car, which gave us a scenic view f the starry night sky, untuched by the harmful light pllutin. Befre we knew it, the warm sun rays beating dwn n ur faces wke us up fr anther day n the rails. T my surprise, a sea f glden grain fields dminated the landscape we were in the Canadian Prairies.
Anther day slipped away and we set up fr anther night in the dme. And this time we were greeted by night sky painted by a fantastic thunderstrm. Lightning was striking at an incredible rate. The spectacular and memrable light shw left everyne in the glass bubble in cmplete disbelief.
Arriving in the Rcky Muntains was ne f the mst surrealistic(超现实的) experiences f my life. Befre the train adventure, if I culd have skipped the travel and arrived at the destinatin, I wuld have. That is n lnger true. I’ve learned that the jurney can be mre enjyable than the destinatin.
4．What has made the authr’s train adventure acrss Canada a reality?
A.The encuragement given by his mther.
B.The appeal f the scenic views in the cuntry.
C.His great curage t challenge a tugh missin.
D.The discunt ticket ffered by Via Rail Canada.
5．What can we infer abut the yung peple frm Paragraph 2?
A.They left their parents fr the first time in their life.
B.They never thught f having a train adventure.
C.They were excited abut the cming train jurney.
D.They were hked by the magic stry f Harry Ptter.
6．What des “the glass bubble” in the furth paragraph refer t?
A.A brain in lack f imaginatin. B.The glass-dmed train car.
C.A summer camp n the train. D.The sightseeing bus.
7．What did the authr learn frm the train adventure acrss Canada?
A.Opprtunities are hard t get.
B.The traveling experience is nt real t him.
C.Splendid scenery attracts yung peple.
D.Enjying a jurney cunts a lt.
A music talent shw launched by Mang TV has caught the attentin f dmestic TV channel viewers recently. This entertainment prgram, whse Chinese name translates t “Sisters Wh Brave Winds and Waves”, invited 30 established actresses in their thirties, put them up in an apartment where they cmpeted against each ther and then selected five amng them t frm a new star grup.
While yung hpefuls are cmmnly cnsidered t be the prtagnists f music talent shw, “Sisters Wh Brave Winds and Waves” turns ut t be an utlier. Apart frm shwcasing female stars musical talent, this shw tries t deliver a psitive message that age shuld nt be the barrier fr female entertainers t chase their dreams. The reality that mst female entertainers have a shrt “shelf life” needs t be changed.
Attracted by the unique theme f Mang TV’s new shw, many Chinese viewers were desperate fr the shw’s debut. The first episde aired last week received 10 millin views within the first 20 minutes. Fllwing the initial success, Mang Excellent Media’s stck rse by nearly 9% n Friday and anther 7% n Mnday. The cmpany’s market value has nw surpassed 100 billin yuan ($ 14 billin).
The value f this shw was nt nly recgnized by the market, but als the majrity f Chinese viewers. Many netizens made gd cmments n the new shw as it encuraged them t explre their inner ptential n matter hw ld they are. One wrte, “Of curse, yung stars in their late teens and early 20s are beautiful. But I feel mre impressed by these celebrities ver the age f 30.” She went n t say that their cnfidence and ambitin make them shine, and that age is just a number.
The Mang TV’s new shw cmes as a welcme relief, which demnstrates that charm and ambitin is nt limited t the yung age. In fact, such age equality shuld extend t all prfessins t ensure that peple with all ages culd be treated equally in pursuit f their career gals.
8．What des the underlined wrd “utlier” in paragraph 2 mean?
A. Surprise.B. Success.
C. Failure.D. Exceptin.
9．Hw did the entertainment market react after Mang TV’s new shw was released?
A. The cmpany’s market value has nw exceeded 14 billin dllars.
B. Mang Excellent Media’s stck rse by nearly 16% ver the weekend.
C. Nearly 10 millin viewers watched the first episde within the first hur.
D. The debut f the new shw did nt affect the cmpany’s market value.
10．What d we knw frm the netizen’s cmment n the newly released shw?
A. She thinks yung celebrities are nt attractive t the audience.
B. She hlds the view that Mang TV’s new shw is cnventinal.
C. She believes charm culd make the celebrities shine n matter their age.
D. She cmplains abut age discriminatin in the entertainment industry,.
11．What can we infer abut the authr frm the text?
A. He/She aims t purse gender equality.
B. He/She prtests against age discriminatin.
C. He/She is a fan f musical shws.
D. He/She dreams abut being an actr/actress.
Albert Einstein’s 1915 masterpiece The Fundatin f the General Thery f Relativity is the first and still the best intrductin t the subject, but it prbably wuldn’t be publishable in a scientific jurnal tday.
Why nt? After all, it undubtedly wuld pass the tests f crrectness and significance. And while it’s believed that the paper was incmprehensible t its first readers, in fact many papers in theretical physics are much mre difficult. As the physicist Richard Feynman wrte, “There was a time when the newspapers said that nly 1.2 men understd the thery f relativity, which is nt true. After reading the paper, a lt f peple understd the thery f relativity in sme way r ther, certainly mre than 1.2.”
N, the prblem is its style. It starts with a leisurely philsphical discussin f space and time and then cntinues with an explanatin f knwn mathematics. Thse tw sectins, which wuld be cnsidered extraneus tday, take up half the paper. Wrse, there are zer citatin（引言）f previus scientists’ wrk, nr are there any graphs. Thse features might make a paper nt even get past the first editrs.
A similar prcess f prfessinalisatin（专业化） has transfrmed ther parts f the scientific landscape. Requests fr research time at majr labratries are mre strictly structured. And anything invlving wrk with human bjects, r putting instruments in space, invlves piles f paperwrk.
We see it als in the Regenern Science Talent Search, the Nbel Prize f high schl science cmpetitins. In the early decades f its histry, the winning prjects were usually the srt f clever but naive, amateurish effrts ne might expect f talented beginners wrking n their wn. Tday, plished wrk cming ut f internships（实习工作） at established labratries is the nrm.
These prfessinalising tendencies are a natural cnsequence f the explsive grwth f mdern science. Standardisatin（标准化）and system make it easier t manage the rapid flw f papers, applicatins and peple. But there are serius dwnsides. A lt f unprductive effrt ges int jumping thrugh bureaucratic hps (繁文缛节).
Of curse, Einstein wuld have fund his way t meeting mdern standards and publishing his results. Its scientific cre wuldn’t have changed, but the paper might nt be the same taste t read.
12．Accrding t Richard Feynman, which statement abut Einstein’s 1915 paper is true?
A. It attracted few prfessinals. B. It needed further imprvement.
C. It was a classic in theretical physics. D. It turned ut t be cmprehensible.
13．What des the underlined wrd “extraneus” in Paragraph 3 mean?
A. Unrealistic. B. Imprecise. C. Irrelevant. D. Unattractive.
14．Accrding t the authr, what is affected as mdern science develps?
A. The evaluatin f labratries.
B. The principle f scientific research.
C. The selectin f yung talents.
D. The applicatin f research findings.
15．Which wuld be the best title fr this passage?
A. Culd Einstein get published tday?
B. Hw t write quality papers?
C. Will science be prfessinalized?
D. Hw will mdern science make advances?
二、七选五
16．Hw t Change Negative Thught Patterns
Negative thught patterns are a cmmn cncern which can affect ur daily life including ur emtins and behavirs. It is imprtant t understand hw t cunter negative thinking in rder t reduce these negative cnsequences.
List yur autmatic negative thughts. Thughts are directly linked t ur feelings and behavirs. Thus, ur thughts influence hw we feel, which influences hw we behave. ①______ Listing yur negative thughts helps increase yur awareness abut yur thinking and can imprve yur ability t change yur thughts int healthier alternatives.
Avid using negative language. ②______ Allwing negative thughts t grw within yur mind causes them t influence hw yu react t situatins, which can prduce negative results. Cnsciusly make an effrt t replace these wrds with will and can.
③______ Write a list f everything, n matter hw big r small, that yu are thankful fr. Gd examples include things like yur family, lver, pets, cmfrtable hme, etc. This will help yu t appreciate hw many psitive things there are in yur life because it requires yu t shift yur fcus t what yu have instead f what yu d nt have.
Treat each day as a new pprtunity t achieve a gal. Life gives yu new chances and pprtunities at every mment. Setting gals fr yurself can help t fcus yur energy n smething psitive instead f wrrying abut negative thinking. Start by identifying a few gals yu want t wrk n in the next 6 mnths. Examples f gals culd be: applying fr a jb, finishing schl, getting mre friends, r anything else that yu want t accmplish. ④______
Fcus n yur verall physical and mental health. If we are nt feeling well physically r mentally, this culd increase the amunt f negative thinking we have. Better physical health is cnnected t happiness ⑤______ Eat a well- balanced diet filled with fruits, vegetables, prtein, and vitamins. Try new and creative frms f wrking ut like hiking, rck climbing. dancing, etc.
A. Set a gal fr yurself at the beginning.
B. Acknwledge what yu are grateful fr.
C. All three influence each ther at nce.
D. Make gals that are achievable and realistic.
E. Therefre, it is vital t take care f yurself.
F. Be happy even if yu are in trubled water.
G. Stp using wrds in yur mind such as wn't and can't.
三、完形填空（20空）
As I lay here in my hard 1 hspital bed, nbdy culd understand hw 2 I wanted t leave this place. I 3 my mm t grab me my keys. On my keychain, there was a sft piece f leather. She gave me a(n) 4 lk as if she thught I was ging t drive myself hme, but actually I just wanted t 5 the nly thing that symblized my true passin and 6 s many memries that transfrmed me as a persn.
Every time I 7 the leather I wuld think f ne thing— 8 .The leather was made f my first baseball glve that I 9 s much. Lying in my bed with my eyes 10 , I was taken ta sprts field. The freshly cut utfield grass was luscius green. The baselines were gleaming white and perfectly straight I heard a 11 f the judges speaking with the caches and the parents chattering（闲聊）.My teammates' cleats（防滑钉）were 12 as they walked acrss the dugut（球员席）anxiusly 13 the champinship game. With a yell f “PLAYBALL”, I began a trt（小跑）ut t my hme at first base and everything 14 smthly.
15 , my nurse walked in and I jumped when I heard her vice. She didn't mean t 16 me, but I needed sme medicine and shuld get examined. 17 my eyes pen, the rad trip that I was n in my brain was nw ver. I was back t the 18 f medical devices and a swllen arm. I realized an hur had passed! Even in 19 times, the things and peple yu lved culd help yu escape and even make yur 20 .
17．A. suitableB. awkwardC. amazingD. uncmfrtable
18．A. bviuslyB. badlyC. actuallyD. immediately
19．A. threatenedB. beggedC. demandedD. suggested
20．A. annyedB. delightedC. cnfusedD. relieved
21．A. remveB. packC. hldD. determine
22．A. carriedB. deliveredC. cntributedD. established
23．A. explredB. searchedC. gainedD. felt
24．A. baseballB. glveC. fieldD. grass
25．A. reservedB. valuedC. stressedD. recmmended
26．A. shutB. clseC. narrwedD. pen
27．A. sundB. mixC. niseD. cnversatin
28．A. strikingB. crashingC. attackingD. clicking
29．A. admiringB. expectingC. playingD. applying
30．A. gtB. turnedC. wentD. appeared
31．A. All f a suddenB. In the endC. Once in a whileD. Once upn a time
32．A. requireB. cnfirmC. checkD. interrupt
33．A. WithB. OnC. DespiteD. At
34．A. challengeB. trackC. realityD. system
35．A. specificB. uniqueC. curiusD. tugh
36．A. hurB. mmentC. dayD. time
四、语法填空
37．Traditinal Chinese Medicine (TCM) has been passed dwn fr thusands f years. ①_______ a prfund culture and centuries-ld histry, TCM is the treasure f Chinese civilizatin. It is nt nly ②_______ (wide) used in Asia but als has becme increasingly welcme in Eurpe and the United States. Frank Griff is an acupuncturist in Califrnia ③_______ cmpleted his master's degree in TCM in 2005 at the American Cllege f Traditinal Chinese Medicine in San Francisc. He then spent seven years ④_______ (study) advanced acupuncture techniques and has been practicing fr abut 18 years. "There are mre than 60,000 acupuncturists in the United States right nw. Chinese medicine ⑤_______ (grw) dramatically in the last 15 years. ⑥_______ makes TCM stand ut is that it is taking n a larger rle in the medical system here as a safe and nninvasive methd f treatment fr many prblems that Western medicine has ⑦_______ (difficult) prviding gd utcmes r treatment ptins fr," Griff ⑧_______ (say) in a vide interview with China Daily n Mnday. Americans have been receptive t acupuncture fr decades. Griff stated that acupuncture has been greatly accepted in the Caucasian, nn-Chinese ppulatin and is ⑨_______ (ppularity) in Califrnia.“In cmparisn with situatin years ag, the attitude f American sciety twards TCM is ⑩_______ (psitive) nw.”He tld China Daily.
五、短文改错
38．假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧)，并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除：把多余的词用斜线(\)划掉。
修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意：
1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
2.只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分。
My parents and I paid a visit t my grandparents in last summer. After three hur’s drive, we gt t the village. We were exciting t see them and chatted fr quite a while. And then I g t the backyard t pick sme vegetables r fruits withut chemical fertilizers. They were s fresh that I culdn’t wait t taste it. After dinner, we tk walk alng the cuntry rad lined with trees and crps. The sft wind was blwn gently and the surrundings were quietly except fr the singing f birds. What peaceful the cuntry life was!
六、书面表达
39．假定你是李华，你所在的城市将举办马拉松赛事，你的英国朋友Tny有意参赛，来信咨询相关事宜。请你给他写封回信，内容包括：
1.时间、地点；
2.注意事项；
3.表达祝愿。
注意：
1.词数80左右；
2.可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
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参考答案
1．答案：B
解析：细节理解题。根据最后一段中“It clsed in 1974 and was vacant until 2018, when it was renvated and repened as a multipurpse venue in 2020.(剧院于1974年关闭，一直空置到2018年，直到2020年重新装修，成为多功能剧院)”可知，现在，你可能会去Rbin’s Theatre听音乐会。故选B。
2．答案：D
解析：细节理解题。根据第一段中“Originally pened as the Pli’s Palace Theatre in 1922 by architect Thmas W. Lamb, it was ne f a duble theatre cmplex alng with the neighburing Pli’s Majestic Theatre.(最初于1922年由建筑师Thmas W.Lamb作为波利宫剧院开放，它与邻近的波利宫大剧院是一个双剧院综合体)”以及倒数第二段中“Originally funded as the Philadelphia Opera Huse in 1908, it was designed by lcal architect William H. McElfatrick, wh was in charge f the design f 40 theatres in his career.(它最初成立于1908年的费城歌剧院，由当地建筑师William H. McElfatrick设计，他在职业生涯中负责了40座剧院的设计)”可知，勒夫宫剧院和大都会歌剧院的共同之处是都被重新命名了。故选D。
3．答案：A
解析：推理判断题。根据第一段“Old and histrical cinemas are all arund us and yet s unnticed. A new phtbk uncvers their ften verlked beauty.(我们周围到处都是古老的、历史悠久的电影院，但却鲜为人知。一本新的摄影集揭示了它们经常被忽视的美丽)”可推知，这篇文章的目的是提供被忽视的老剧院的信息。故选A。
4．答案：D
解析：细节理解题。根据第一段中Hwever, it seems like a tugh missin t travel all acrss its expansive surfaces. But luckily fr me, Via Rail Canada ffered yuths between the ages f 18 and 25 the chance t ride the train acrss Canada fr the mnth f July. The ticket was a bargain $150. 可知然而，穿越它广阔的表面似乎是一项艰巨的任务。但对我来说幸运的是，Via Rail Canada为18至25岁的年轻人提供了在7月份乘坐火车穿越加拿大的机会。票价便宜到150美元。由此可知，是加拿大Via铁路公司提供的折扣票让作者穿越加拿大的火车冒险变成了现实。故选D。
5．答案：C
解析：推理判断题。根据第二段中Fr a grup f 20-year-lds, this was like the first flight f yung birds frm the nest. When we apprached the train statin in the mrning, ur 22-day adventure frm Sudbury t Vancuver was t begin. Eyes baggy frm lack f sleep, we jumped n bard as if it was the train t Hgwarts in Harry Ptter. 可知对于一群20多岁的年轻人来说，这就像是雏鸟第一次从巢里飞出来。当我们早上到达火车站时，我们从Sudbury到Vancuver的22天冒险就要开始了。由于睡眠不足，我们的眼睛都肿了起来，我们跳上了火车，就好像是《哈利波特》里开往霍格沃茨的火车。由此可推知，年轻人对即将到来的火车旅行很兴奋。故选C。
6．答案：B
解析：词义猜测题。根据第三段中At night, we wuld climb up the glass-dmed train car, which gave us a scenic view f the starry night sky, untuched by the harmful light pllutin.可知晚上，我们会爬上玻璃圆顶车厢，在那里我们可以看到满天星斗的夜空，没有受到有害的光污染。以及划线短语上文And this time we were greeted by night sky painted by a fantastic thunderstrm. Lightning was striking at an incredible rate. The spectacular and memrable light shw left everyne可知这次迎接我们的是描绘着梦幻般的雷雨的夜空。闪电以令人难以置信的速度袭来。壮观而难忘的光影秀让“the glass bubble”里的每个人都难以置信。由此可知，“the glass bubble”指的是玻璃穹顶的火车车厢。故选B。
7．答案：D
解析：推理判断题。根据最后一段中I've learned that the jurney can be mre enjyable than the destinatin. 可知我明白了旅途比目的地更令人愉快。由此可推知，作者从穿越加拿大的火车冒险中学到了享受一段旅程很重要。故选D。
8．答案： D
解析：词句猜测题。划线词的前文提到“yung hpefuls are cmmnly cnsidered t be the prtagnists f music talent shw(通常认为年轻选手是音乐选秀节目的主角)”，划线词后的下文提到“Apart frm shwcasing female stars musical talent, this shw tries t deliver a psitive message that age shuld nt be the barrier fr female entertainers t chase their dreams. The reality that mst female entertainers have a shrt “shelf life” needs t be changed. (除了展示女明星的音乐才华外，这个节目还试图传递一个积极的信息，那就是年龄不应该成为女艺人追逐梦想的障碍)”可知， 一般来说，音乐选秀节目的主角都是年轻的女明星，而“迎风破浪的姐妹”则不像其他的音乐选秀节目，不限定参加的女明星的年龄。由此可以猜测，utlier意思为“例外”。故选D。
9．答案： A
解析：细节理解题。根据第三段中“Fllwing the initial success, Mang Excellent Media's stck rse by nearly 9% n Friday and anther 7% n Mnday. The cmpany's market value has nw surpassed 100 billin yuan ($ 14 billin). (在取得初步成功之后，Mang Excellent Media的股价在周五上涨了近9%，在周一又上涨了7%。该公司的市值现已超过人民币1,000亿元（140亿美元）)”可知，在芒果台的选秀节目播出后，该公司的市场价值现在已经超过140亿美元。故选A。
10．答案： C
解析：细节理解题。根据文章第四段中“Many netizens made gd cmments n the new shw as it encuraged them t explre their inner ptential n matter hw ld they are. 及She went n t say that their cnfidence and ambitin make them shine, and that age is just a number. (许多网友对这部新剧评价很高，因为它鼓励人们无论多大年纪都要发掘自己的内在潜能。她接着说，他们的自信和抱负让他们熠熠生辉，而年龄只是一个数字)”可知，从该网友的评论可以看出，她认为不管他们多大年龄，自身的魅力使这些明星熠熠生辉。故选C。
11．答案： B
解析：推理判断题。文章第五段中提到“such age equality shuld extend t all prfessins t ensure that peple with all ages culd be treated equally in pursuit f their career gals. (这种年龄平等应适用于所有职业，以确保所有年龄的人在追求其职业目标时都能得到平等对待)”可以推断，作者反对年龄歧视。故选B。
12．答案：D
解析：细节理解题。根据第二段的“As the physicist Richard Feynman wrte, “There was a time when the newspapers said that nly 12 men understd the thery f relativity. I d believe there might have been a time when nly ne man did, because he was the nly guy wh caught n, befre he wrte his paper. But after peple read the paper a lt understd the thery f relativity in sme way r ther, certainly mre than 12.””（正如物理学家理查德·费曼所写：“曾经有一段时间，报纸上说只有12个人理解相对论。我相信或许确实有过只有一个人懂相对论的时候——因为在这篇论文之前，只有爱因斯坦理解这个问题。但当人们读了这篇论文，会有很多人，绝对超过12个，或多或少都对相对论有了一定理解。”）可知，爱因斯坦1915年的论文证明是可以理解的。故选D项。
13．答案：C
解析：词义猜测题。根据第三段划线词后句“Wrse, there are zer citatins f previus scientists’ wrk, nr are there any graphics. Thse features might make a paper nt even get past the first editrs.”（更糟的是，文章没有对前人科学研究进行任何引用，也没有任何图表。这些缺失对如今的科学论文来说是致命的。这样的文章甚至都不会被编辑送审。）可知，爱因斯坦的论文没有引用，也没有图表，在如今看来是很糟糕的，因此此处是说他在论文中花大量篇幅进行的哲学讨论和张量微积分的阐述在今天被认为是无关紧要的，所以画线词词义为“无关紧要的”。故选C项。
14．答案：C
解析：推理判断题。根据第六段“These prfessinalising tendencies are a natural cnsequence f the explsive grwth f mdern science. Standardisatin and system make it easier t manage the rapid flw f papers, applicatins and peple. But there are serius dwnsides. A lt f unprductive effrt ges int jumping thrugh bureaucratic hps(繁文缛节).”（ 这些专业化倾向是现代科学爆炸式发展的自然结果。标准化和系统使得管理文件、应用程序和人员的快速流动变得更加容易。但也有严重的缺点。大量无用功都耗费在了突破官僚形式的层层桎梏上。）可推断，在作者看来，随着现代科学的发展，年轻人才的选拔受到了影响。故选C项。
15．答案：A
解析：主旨大意题。根据第一段的“Albert Einstein’s 1915 masterpiece The Fundatin f the General Thery f Relativity is the first and still the best intrductin t the subject, but it prbably wuldn’t be publishable in a scientific jurnal tday.”（阿尔伯特·爱因斯坦1915年的杰作《广义相对论的基础》是对广义相对论的第一篇也是最好的介绍，但这篇文章可能不会在今天的科学期刊上发表。）”可知，第一段是总起，文章围绕着这个问题展开论述，所以这篇文章最好的题目是——“Culd Einstein get published tday?”（爱因斯坦的《相对论》今天能出版吗？）。故选A项。
16．答案：①-⑤CGBDE
解析：这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了如何改变消极思维模式。
①根据上文“List yur autmatic negative thughts. Thughts are directly linked t ur feelings and behavirs. Thus, ur thughts influence hw we feel, which influences hw we behave.(列出你无意识的消极想法。思想直接与我们的感觉和行为联系在一起。因此，我们的思想影响着我们的感觉，而感觉又影响着我们的行为)”可知，上文提到思想影响着我们的感觉，而感觉又影响着我们的行为，即三者之间互相影响。故C选项“三者同时相互影响”符合语境，故选C。
②根据上文“Avid using negative language.(避免使用消极的语言)”可知，本句承接上文，举例说明消极语言有哪些。故G选项“不要在心里使用像‘不会’和‘不能’这样的词语”符合语境，故选G。
③根据后文“Write a list f everything, n matter hw big r small, that yu are thankful fr. Gd examples include things like yur family, lver, pets, cmfrtable hme, etc. This will help yu t appreciate hw many psitive things there are in yur life because it requires yu t shift yur fcus t what yu have instead f what yu d nt have.(写下所有你感激的事情，无论大小。好的例子包括你的家庭、爱人、宠物、舒适的家等等。这将帮助你欣赏生活中有多少积极的事情，因为这需要你把注意力转移到你所拥有的，而不是你所没有的)”可知，本段的主旨是认可所感激的事情。故B选项“承认你所感激的”符合语境，故选B。
④根据上文“Treat each day as a new pprtunity t achieve a gal. Life gives yu new chances and pprtunities at every mment. Setting gals fr yurself can help t fcus yur energy n smething psitive instead f wrrying abut negative thinking. Start by identifying a few gals yu want t wrk n in the next 6 mnths. Examples f gals culd be: applying fr a jb, finishing schl, getting mre friends, r anything else that yu want t accmplish.(把每一天都当成一个实现目标的新机会。生活每时每刻都给你新的机遇。为自己设定目标可以帮助你把精力集中在积极的事情上，而不是担心消极的想法。首先确定几个你在未来6个月想要实现的目标。目标的例子可以是：申请一份工作，完成学业，结交更多的朋友，或者其他任何你想要完成的事情)”可知，本段主要说明了实现目标，D选项说明了目标的具体制定标准。故D选项“制定可实现和现实的目标”符合语境，故选D。
⑤根据上文“Fcus n yur verall physical and mental health. If we are nt feeling well physically r mentally, this culd increase the amunt f negative thinking we have. Better physical health is cnnected t happiness(关注你整体的身心健康。如果我们在身体上或精神上感觉不舒服，这会增加我们消极想法的数量。更好的身体健康与幸福息息相关)”可知，本句与上文构成因果关系，指出照顾自己的重要性。故E选项“因此，照顾好自己是很重要的”符合语境，故选E。
17．答案：D
解析：本题考查语境判断之其他线索。句意：当我躺在病床上的时候，没有人能理解我有多想离开这个地方。A. suitable合适的；B. awkward尴尬的；C. amazing惊人的；D. uncmfrtable不舒服的。根据“hard”及“hspital bed”可知，作者躺在坚硬的医院的病床上，病床是不舒服的。故选D。
18．答案：B
解析：本题考查语境判断之感情色彩。句意：当我躺在病床上的时候，没有人能理解我有多想离开这个地方。A. bviusly明显地；B. badly非常，很；C. actually实际上；D. immediately 立即地。作者躺在坚硬的医院的病床上，非常不舒服，非常想离开医院。故选B。
19．答案：B
解析：本题考查语境判断之其他线索。句意：我请求我妈把钥匙给我。A. threatened威胁；B. begged请求；C. demanded要求；D. suggested建议。作者生病不能开车，所以作者请求妈妈把钥匙拿给他。故选B。
20．答案：C
解析：本题考查语境判断之感情色彩。句意：她困惑地看了我一眼，好像她以为我要自己开车回家，但实际上我只是想抱着那唯一象征着我真正激情的东西，那东西承载着那么多改变我作为一个人的回忆。A. annyed生气的；B. delighted高兴的；C. cnfused困惑的；D. relieved放松的。作者当时躺着医院的病床上，他的身体状况并不适合出院。因此，作者的妈妈非常迷惑为什么作者要车钥匙。故选C。
21．答案：C
解析：本题考查语境判断之其他线索。句意：她困惑地看了我一眼，好像她以为我要自己开车回家，但实际上我只是想抓住那唯一象征着我真正激情的东西，那东西承载着那么多改变我作为一个人的回忆。A. remve去除；B. pack打包；C. hld抓住；D. determine决定。根据语境及该空后的“the nly thing”可知，此处指抓住东西。故选C。
22．答案：A
解析：本题考查语境判断之其他线索。句意：她困惑地看了我一眼，好像她以为我要自己开车回家，但实际上我只是想抱着那唯一象征着我真正激情的东西，那东西承载着那么多改变我作为一个人的回忆。A. carried携带；B. delivered交付；C. cntributed贡献；D. established建立。根据“s many memries that transfrmed me as a persn. ”可知，此处指那个柔软的皮革携带(承载)了作者美好的回忆。故选A。
23．答案：D
解析：本题考查语境判断之其他线索。句意：每当我触摸皮革，我就会想到一件事——棒球。A. explred探索；B. searched搜索；C. gained获得；D. felt触摸。作者提到了这块钥匙上的皮革的材料是由棒球手套做的，因此，此处强调这块皮革的手感，是作者触摸到。故选D。
24．答案：A
解析：本题考查语境判断之原词再现。句意：每当我触摸皮革，我就会想到一件事——棒球。A. baseball棒球；B. glve手套；C. field田地；D. grass草。根据下文可知，每当摸到皮革，作者都会想到棒球。故选A。
25．答案：B
解析：本题考查语境判断之其他线索。句意：我的第一个棒球手套是皮革做的，我非常珍惜它。 A. reserved保留；B. valued珍惜；C. stressed强调；D. recmmended推荐。作者非常珍惜。故选B。
26．答案：A
解析：本题考查语境判断之其他线索。句意：我闭着眼睛躺在床上，被带到运动场。 A. shut关闭的；B. clse近的；C. narrwed窄的；D. pen开放的。根据“I was taken t a sprts field. The freshly cut utfield grass was luscius green. ”可知，作者闭上眼睛，回忆起自己健康时参加棒球比赛的场景。故选A。
27．答案：B
解析：本题考查语境判断之其他线索。句意：我听到裁判们在说话，教练和家长们说话的混杂声音。A. sund声音；B. mix混合；C. nise噪音；D. cnversatin谈话。 根据“speaking with the caches and the parents chattering”可知，作者听到的是评委与教练及家长们说话的混杂(mix)声音。故选B。
28．答案：D
解析：本题考查语境判断之其他线索。句意：当我的队友们穿过教练席时，他们的球鞋发出咔哒咔哒的声音，焦急地期待着冠军赛的到来。A. striking引人注目；B. crashing崩溃；C. attacking攻击；D. clicking发出咔嚓声。根据“My teammates’ cleats”可知，作者的队友们穿的鞋带有防滑钉，这种材质的鞋会发出咔嚓声。故选D。
29．答案：B
解析：本题考查语境判断之感情色彩。句意：当我的队友们穿过教练席时，他们的球鞋发出咔哒咔哒的声音，焦急地期待着冠军赛的到来。A. admiring欣赏；B. expecting期待；C. playing玩；D. applying应用。结合语境及该句的“anxiusly”可知，此处指作者的队友们焦急的期盼比赛到来的心情。故选B。
30．答案：C
解析：本题考查语境判断之其他线索。句意：随着“打球”的一声大叫，我开始小跑回本垒，一切都进行得很顺利。A. gt得到；B. turned转身；C. went进行；D. appeared出现。根据“With a yell f “PLAYBALL”, I began a trt（小跑）ut t my hme at first base”可知，此处指棒球比赛一切进展顺利。故选C。
31．答案：A
解析：本题考查语境判断之其他线索。句意：突然，我的护士走了进来，我听到她的声音吓了一跳。A. All f a sudden突然；B. In the end最后；C. Once in a while偶尔；D. Once upn a time从前。根据“my nurse walked in and I jumped when I heard her vice”可知，护士的突然( All f a sudden)到来，打断了作者的回忆。故选A。
32．答案：D
解析：本题考查语境判断之其他线索。句意：她不是有意要打断我，但我需要一些药，应该去检查一下。A. require需要；B. cnfirm确认；C. check检查；D. interrupt 打断。 根据“my nurse walked in and I jumped when I heard her vice”可知，护士的到来，打断了作者的回忆。故选D。
33．答案：A
解析：本题考查语境判断之其他线索。句意：睁开眼睛，我脑海里的自驾游现在结束了。 A. With和……一起；B. On在……上面；C. Despite尽管；D. At 在。根据语境及该空后的“my eyes pen”可知，此处使用with名词独立主格结构作状语，表示作者睁开了眼睛。故选A。
34．答案：C
解析：本题考查语境判断之其他线索。句意：我回到了医疗设备和肿胀的手臂的现实中。A. challenge挑战；B. track轨道；C. reality现实；D. system系统。根据“medical devices and a swllen arm”可知,作者从回忆的梦中醒来回到现实在医院的治疗环境中。故选C。
35．答案：D
解析：本题考查语境判断之感情色彩。句意：即使在困难时期，你爱的人和事也能帮助你逃离困境，甚至让你过得更好。A. specific具体的；B. unique独特的；C. curius好奇的；D. tugh结实的；艰难的。根据本文第一段可知，作者正躺在医院坚硬的病床上接受治疗，可见这个过程很艰难。故选D。
36．答案：C
解析：本题考查语境判断之其他线索。句意：即使在困难时期，你爱的人和事也能帮助你逃离困境，甚至让你过得很开心。A. hur小时；B. mment时刻；C. day日子；D. time时间。make ne's day使某人很开心。结合语境可知，此处指所爱的人和事能帮助度过艰难，甚至让你过得很开心。故选C。
37．答案：①With②widely③wh/that④studying⑤has grwn /has been grwing⑥What⑦difficulty⑧said⑨ppular⑩mre psitive
解析：本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了中医药文化底蕴深厚，源远流长，是中华文明的瑰宝，并且在全世界备受欢迎。
①考查介词。句意：中医药文化底蕴深厚，源远流长，是中华文明的瑰宝。句中表示“伴随，有着”使用介词with。同时该空置于句首，首字母大写。故填With。
②考查副词。句意：它不仅在亚洲被广泛使用，而且在欧洲和美国也越来越受欢迎。分析句子，设空处使用wide的副词widely作状语修饰动词used，意为“广泛地”。故填widely。
③考查定语从句。句意：Frank Griff是加州的一名针灸师，2005年在旧金山的美国中医学院完成了中医硕士学位。分析句子，设空处引导的是定语从句，引导词在从句中作主语，修饰先行词Frank Griff，指人，故用关系代词wh或者that。故填wh/that。
④考查非谓语动词。句意：然后他花了7年时间学习先进的针灸技术，并已经练习了大约18年。分析句子，句中为固定搭配，使用动名词作宾语。故填studying。
⑤考查动词时态。句意：在过去的15年里，中医发展迅猛。分析句子，句中in the last 15 years为现在完成时的时间标志，也可以表示动作从过去到现在一直在发生，故使用现在完成时或者现在完成进行时。故填has grwn或者has been grwing。
⑥考查名词性从句。句意：周一，Griff 在接受《中国日报》的视频采访时表示，中医的突出之处在于，它作为一种安全、无创的治疗方法，在中国的医疗系统中发挥着更大的作用，可以治疗许多西医难以提供良好疗效或治疗方案的问题。分析句子，设空处引导的是主语从句，引导词在从句中作主语，意为“(让中医的突出的)特点”该事实，应用连接代词what引导该从句。同时该空置于句首，首字母应该大写。故填What。
⑦考查名词。句意：同上。分析句子，句中have difficulty (in) ding为固定短语，意为“做某事有困难”，使用名词difficulty作宾语，意为“困难，麻烦”，不可数名词。故填difficulty。
⑧考查动词。句意：同上。分析句子，设空处使用动词作谓语，句子描述过去事实，故使用一般过去时。故填said。
⑨考查形容词。句意：Griff表示，针灸在白种人和非华人人群中已经被广泛接受，在加州也很流行。分析句子，设空处使用ppularity的形容词ppular作表语，意为“受欢迎的”。故填ppular。
⑩考查形容词。句意：与几年前相比，现在美国社会对中医的态度更加积极。分析句子，设空处使用形容词的作表语，此处将现在美国社会对中医的态度与过去相比，故使用比较级。故填mre psitive。
38．答案：
My parents and I paid a visit t my grandparents last summer. After three drive, we gt t the village. We were t see them and chatted fr quite a while. And then I t the backyard t pick sme vegetables fruits withut chemical fertilizers. They were s fresh that I culdn’t wait t taste . After dinner, we tk walk alng the cuntry rad lined with trees and crps. The sft wind was gently and the surrundings were except fr the singing f birds. peaceful the cuntry life was!
解析：1. 考查固定短语。句意：去年夏天我和父母去看望了我的祖父母。句中涉及固定短语last summer，意为“去年夏天”，前面不需要加介词in。故将in去掉。
2. 考查名词所有格。句意：三个小时车程后，我们到了村子。句中hur意为“小时”，为可数名词，前面有基数词three修饰，故应用hur的复数hurs。句中指“三个小时的车程”，故应用名词所有格结构，以s结尾的复数名词所有格直接加“’”，故应用three hurs’ drive表示“三个小时的车程”。故将hur’s改为hurs’。
3. 考查固定短语。句意：我们见到他们很兴奋，聊了好一会儿。句中涉及固定短语be excited t d sth. ，意为“做某事很激动”，excited意为“激动的”，形容词词性，修饰人，句中表示我和父母是激动的，exciting意为“令人激动的”，形容词词性，用来修饰物，不符合语境。故将exciting改为excited。
4. 考查时态。句意：然后，我去后院摘了一些没有化肥的蔬菜和水果。根据文中last summer可知，文章在讲述过去的事，故应用一般过去时，动词要用过去式，g意为“去”，动词词性，过去式为went。故将g改为went。
5. 考查连词。句意：然后，我去后院摘了一些没有化肥的蔬菜和水果。根据文章内容可知，我应该是摘了“蔬菜”和“水果”，而不是两者中选择一种，r意为“或者”，为连词，表示选择关系，不符合句意，and意为“和”，为连词，表示并列关系，符合句意。故将r改为and。
6. 考查代词。句意：它们太新鲜了，我迫不及待地想品尝它们。根据文章内容可知，我想品尝的是上文提到的“vegetables and fruits”，为可数名词复数形式，taste意为“品尝”，动词词性，后接代词宾格，it意为“它”，为单数形式，不符合句意，them意为“它们”，为人称代词宾格，符合句意。故将it改为them。
7. 考查固定短语。句意：晚饭后，我们沿着两旁长满树木和庄稼的乡间小路散步。句中涉及固定短语take a walk，意为“散步”，take的过去式为tk。故在tk后加a。
8. 考查时态。句意：柔和的风轻轻地吹着，周围除了鸟儿的鸣叫声外，一切都静悄悄的。根据句意可知，这里指的是过去我们在散步的那一时刻，柔和的风轻轻地吹着，表示过去某一时间段正在发生的动作应用过去进行时，句式为“主语+was/were+动词ing+其他”，blwn是blw的过去分词，意为“吹”，对应的动词ing形式为blwing。故将blwn改为blwing。
9. 考查形容词。句意：柔和的风轻轻地吹着，周围除了鸟儿的鸣叫声外，一切都静悄悄的。分析句子可知，在“the surrundings were quietly”中，were后应加形容词作表语，说明主语的状态，quietly意为“安静地”，副词词性，对应的形容词为quiet，意为“安静的”。故将quietly改为quiet。
10. 考查感叹句。句意：乡村生活多么平静啊！分析句子可知，句中涉及感叹句型“Hw+形容词/副词+主语+谓语”，表示说话时的情感，意为“多么……啊！”句中peaceful为形容词，the cuntry life为主语，was为谓语，故应用Hw，句中无名词，故不用What。故将What改为Hw。
39．答案：
One Pssible versin:
Dear Tny,
Knwing yu intend t run the marathn in my city, I am delighted t share with yu sme relevant infrmatin.
The event is scheduled t start at 7:30 a. m. n April 25th. Runners will gather at the gate f Zhayang Park. Befre the event, regular training is necessary, which will guarantee yu a gd perfrmance. What's mre, with a lng distance t cver, yu'd better wear cmfrtable sneakers and suitable clthes.
Wish yu an unfrgettable experience.
Yurs,
Li Hua
解析：1. 词汇积累
打算：intend t→plan
相关的信息：relevant infrmatin→related infrmatin
高兴的：delighted→happy
难忘的：unfrgettable →memrable
2. 句式拓展
合并简单句
原句：The event is scheduled t start at 7:30 a. m. n April 25th. Runners will gather at the gate f Zhayang Park.
拓展句：The event is scheduled t start at 7:30 a. m. n April 25th when runners will gather at the gate f Zhayang Park.
【点睛】[高分句型1] Befre the event, regular training is necessary, which will guarantee yu a gd perfrmance. (运用了which引导的非限制性定语从句)
[高分句型2] Knwing yu intend t run the marathn in my city, I am delighted t share with yu sme relevant infrmatin. (运用了现在分词作原因状语)