安徽省亳州市谯城区十河中心中学2023-2024学年八年级上学期期末模拟考试语文试题

这是一份安徽省亳州市谯城区十河中心中学2023-2024学年八年级上学期期末模拟考试语文试题，共21页。试卷主要包含了5分，满分7等内容，欢迎下载使用。
本试卷满分150分，考试时间120分钟。
第一部分：听力(共两节，满分30分)
第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1. Where des the wman want t g?
A. A park. B. A z. C. A museum
2. What is the man ding?
A. Making an invitatin. B. Making an aplgy. C. Making a cmplaint.
3. What is the third class?
A. English. B. Chemistry. C. Chinese.
4 What des the man want t d?
A. Buy batteries. B. Chse a camera. C. Change a ty.
5. Whm is the birthday party fr?
A. Lisa. B. Lily. C. Jack.
第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分22. 5)
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。
6. What will the man d tmrrw?
A. Bk a htel. B. D sme shpping. C. Pick up his daughter.
7. What clr des her mther like mst in the girl’s pinin?
A. Bright red. B. Pink. C. Yellw.
听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。
8. What are the speakers preparing fr?
A. A festival. B. A camping trip. C. A birthday party.
9. What can the man ck?更多课件教案等优质滋元可 家 威杏 MXSJ663 A. Fruit salad. B. Fried eggs. C. Chicken wings.
10. What fruit des the wman want t buy?
A. Apples. B. Bananas. C. Peaches.
听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。
11. When will the lecture be given?
A. At 5:30 pm tday. B. At 5:40 pm tmrrw. C. At 5:50 pm tmrrw.
12. What des Albert ask Brandn t d?
A. Shw up n time. B. Send him a message. C. Ring him up again.
13. Where will Brandn meet Albert?
A. At the entrance. B. At the prfessr’s hme. C. In the lecture hall.
听第9段材料，回答第14至16题。
14. What shuld we d first t deal with burns?
A. Press the burns fr five minutes.
B. Get sme medicine fr the burns.
C. Put the burns under cld running water.
15. What can reduce the pain f the burns?
A. Pressing the burns. B. Bandaging the burns. C. Putting ice n the burns.
16. What’s the man’s last piece f advice?
A. Drinking cld water. B. Taking sme medicine. C. Staying away frm children.
听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。
17. Hw did Heather learn t surf?
A. Frm a website. B. Frm her father. C. Frm her friends.
18. Where did Heather surf?
A. In Ls Angeles. B. In Califrnia. C. In San Dieg.
19. At what time f the day did Heather see the shark?
A. In the mrning. B. In the afternn. C. In the evening.
20. Why did the shark stp fllwing Heather?
A. It was hit by her surfbard. B. A lifebat scared it away. C. She swam very fast.
第二部分 阅读理解(共两节，满分50分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)
A
Listed here are fur f the thusands f impressive museums arund the wrld.
The Guggenheim Museum Bilba in Bilba，Spain
Built in 1997，the Guggenheim Museum Bilba is ne f the newest in the wrldIt has transfrmed the industrial city f Bilba int a travelers' desired destinatin.The beautiful architecture f the museum has prvided a dramatic backgrund fr mvies and cmmercials.
The Luvre in Paris，France
Prbably the mst famus Luvre als hlds the mst famus painting in the wrld，the “Mna Lisa” by Lenard da Vinci.Crwds can be fund any day surrunding the small，but mysterius painting f the smiling wman.But，the Luvre is much mre than a hme t the “Mna Lisa”．The Luvre is visited by mre peple each year than any ther museum in the wrld.
The Barnes Fundatin in Philadelphia，America
Just pened in its new dwntwn lcatin in 2012，the Barnes Fundatin is “unique”in that it is a cmpletely reprduced display frm ne man's private C．Barnes started cllecting art in the early 20th century and cllected，amng thers，the largest number f riginal Renir paintings in the wrld.
The Uffizi Gallery in Flrence，Italy
Walking n the marbled flrs feels like stepping back in time.The building itself is a beautiful palace—like structure with fresces(湿壁画) decrating the ceilings and walls.Viewers are bwled ver(印象深刻) by the wrks by Btticelli，such as “The Birth f Venus”．Classic artwrks frm nearly 1，000 years ag describe religius events f the time.
1. Which f the fllwing is the mst ppular?
A. The Luvre.
B. The Guggenheim Museum Bilba.
C. The Barnes Fundatin.
D. The Uffizi Gallery.
2. What makes the Barnes Fundatin particular?
A. Its structure.B. Its cllectin.
C. Its lcatin.D. Its histry.
3. What type f writing is this text?
A. An activity pster.
B. An exhibitin annuncement.
C. An art shw review.
D. A travel guide.
【答案】1. A 2. B 3. D
【解析】
【分析】本文为广告类，涉及文学与艺术话题。文章主要介绍了四个世界闻名的博物馆。
【1题详解】
考查细节理解。由由The Luvre in Paris，France部分的"Crwds can be fund any day"和"The Luvre is visited by mre peple each year than any ther museum in the wrld"可知四个博物馆中卢浮宫人气最旺。故选A。
【2题详解】
考查细节理解。由The Barnes Fundatin in Philadelphia，America部分的“the Barnes Fundatin is unique in that it is a cmpletely reprduced display frm ne man's private cllectin”可知，该博物馆的特殊之处在于其所有的展览品均是复制品。故选B。
【3题详解】
考查推理判断。由“Listed here are fur f the thusands f impressive museums arund the wrld”可知，本文主要介绍了四个世界闻名的博物馆的概况，故最有可能是旅行指南。故选D。
B
Everybdy hates rats. But in the earthquake capitals f the wrld — Japan, Ls Angeles, Turkey — rats will sn be man’s new best friends.
What happens after an earthquake? We send in rescue dgs. Why? Because they can smell peple. Dgs save lives. They help rescue wrkers t find living peple. But dgs are big and they can’t get int small spaces. S nw a new research prject is using a smaller animal t save lives: the rat.
Hw des it wrk? First, the rat is trained t smell peple. When this happens, the rat’s brain gives a signal. This is sent t a small radi n its back, and then the rescuers fllw the radi signals. When the rat’s brain activity jumps, the rescuers knw that smene is alive. The rat has smelt that persn.
Althugh there are already rbts which can d this jb, rats are better. Christian Linster at Crnell University, New Yrk, says, “Rbts’ nses dn’t wrk well when there are ther smells arund. Rats are gd at that.” Rats can als see in the dark. They are cheaper and quicker t train than dgs, and unlike rbts, they dn’t need electricity!
The “rat prject” is nt finished, but Julie Ryan f Internatinal Rescue Crps in Sctland says, “It wuld be fantastic. A rat culd get int spaces we culdn’t get t, and a rat wuld get ut if it wasn’t safe.” Perhaps fr the first time in histry, peple will be happy t see a rat in a building (but nly after an earthquake, f curse).
4. In the wrld earthquake capitals, rats will becme ppular because they can ________.
A. get int small spaces
B. take the place f rescue wrkers
C. find fd fr survivrs trapped in buildings
D. find the psitin f survivrs trapped in buildings
5. Frm the third paragraph we knw rescuers can judge a persn is alive by ________.
A. the nise made by the rat
B. the rat’s unusual behavir
C. the signal sent by the radi n the rat
D. the smell given ff by the persn trapped
6. After reading the passage we knw that nw ________.
A. peple still use dgs and rbts in rescue wrk
B. the “rat prject” has been cmpleted already
C. rats have replaced dgs in searching fr peple
D. peple are happy t see a rat in a building
7. The main idea f the passage is abut ________ in an earthquake.
A. the imprtance f training rats
B. the rle rats will play
C. ways f rescuing peple
D. the reasn fr nt using dgs
【答案】4. D 5. C 6. A 7. B
【解析】
【导语】本文为一篇说明文。老鼠在地震后能够成为人类的好帮手。它能帮助定位困住的幸存者，从而方便救援者开展施救工作。
【4题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章第二段“Dgs save lives. They help rescue wrkers t find living peple. But dgs are big and they can’t get int small spaces. S nw a new research prject is using a smaller animal t save lives: the rat.”（狗拯救生命。他们帮助救援人员找到活着的人。但是狗太大了，它们无法进入狭小的空间。 所以现在一个新的研究项目正在使用一种更小的动物来拯救生命：老鼠）及第三段描写老鼠救援过程可知，老鼠在地震中能找到被困在建筑物中的幸存者的位置。故选D项。
【5题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第三段“When this happens, the rat’s brain gives a signal. This is sent t a small radi n its back, and then the rescuers fllw the radi signals. When the rat’s brain activity jumps, the rescuers knw that smene is alive.”（当这种情况发生时，老鼠的大脑会发出一个信号。这是发送到它背上的一个小型无线电，然后救援人员跟踪无线电信号。当老鼠的大脑活动跳跃时，救援人员就知道有人还活着）可知，救援人员可以通过老鼠身上的无线电信号来判断一个人是否还活着。故选C项。
【6题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第二段“What happens after an earthquake? We send in rescue dgs.”（地震后会发生什么? 我们派出了救援犬）；文章第四段“Althugh there are already rbts which can d this jb, rats are better.”（虽然已经有机器人可以做这项工作，但老鼠做得更好）及文章最后一段“The “rat prject” is nt finished”（“老鼠工程”还没有结束）可以推知，人们在救援工作中仍然使用狗和机器人。故选A项。
【7题详解】
主旨大意题。根据文章第二段“S nw a new research prject is using a smaller animal t save lives: the rat.”（所以现在一个新的研究项目正在使用一种更小的动物来拯救生命：老鼠）并结合全文内容可知，本文介绍了老鼠将在地震救援中扮演的角色。故选B项。
C
A blue hle is a special kind f underwater cave fund inland r in the sea, which frms when the earth abve a cave falls in and water fills the space.
An inland blue hle’s water is very still and has different layers. A layer f fresh rainwater flats n tp f salt water; the fresh water keeps xygen frm the atmsphere frm reaching the salt water; brightly clred bacteria live where the tw layers meet.
Diving int blue hles is very dangerus. Near the tp f the blue hle, there is a layer f txic gas, which causes itching, headache, and—in large amunts—death. Divers must als be fast. They have t get in and ut f a cave befre their xygen runs ut. Additinally, divers have t fllw a guideline as they swim thrugh a blue hle because it is very dark inside. Withut the guideline, they may get lst.
If blue hles are s dangerus, why d explrers and scientists risk their lives t explre them? The reasn is that these underwater caves can prvide valuable scientific infrmatin. They prvide clues abut gelgy, archaelgy, and bilgy. Fr example, sme blue hle creatures prbably haven’t changed fr millins f years.
The blue hles culd even prvide clues abut astrbilgy. Fr example, divers have fund bacteria there that can live withut xygen. Astrbilgist Kevin Hand says the bacteria may be similar t frms f life that might exist n Jupiter’s furth largest mn, Eurpa. “Our study f life’s extremes n Earth,” he says, can help increase “ur understanding f habitable envirnments ff Earth.”
In additin, the xygen-free envirnment f the blue hles preserves bnes f humans and animals that fell int the caves lng ag. By studying blue hles, we can understand what life was like in prehistric times. As cave diver Kenny Brad says, “I can think f n ther envirnment n Earth that is s challenging t explre and gives us back s much scientifically.”
8. What’s the main idea f Paragraph 1?
A. The definitin f a blue hle.B. The lcatin f a blue hle.
C. The frmatin f a blue hle.D. The structure f a blue hle.
9. Where can bright-clred bacteria be fund?
A. In the saltwater layer.
B. In the freshwater layer.
C. In between the freshwater and saltwater layers.
D. In bth f the freshwater and saltwater layers.
10. Which f the fllwing best explains the underlined wrd?
A. The study f life n Earth.
B. The study f life in the universe.
C. The study f life in prehistric times.
D. The study f life in xygen-free envirnment.
11. Which f the fllwing can best describe blue hles?
A. They’re xygen-free and lifeless.B. They’re free f air and light.
C. They’re death znes and mysterius.D. They’re pisnus and dark.
【答案】8. A 9. C 10. B 11. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了蓝洞的定义、结构、危险性以及冒险家和科学家探索蓝洞的原因。
【8题详解】
段落大意题。根据第一段“A blue hle is a special kind f underwater cave fund inland r in the sea, which frms when the earth abve a cave falls in and water fills the space.(蓝洞是在内陆或海里发现的一种特殊的水下洞穴，当洞穴上方的泥土落入水中，水充满空间时就会形成。)”可知，第一段主要解释了蓝洞的定义。故选A。
【9题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段中的“A layer f fresh rainwater flats n tp f salt water; the fresh water keeps xygen frm the atmsphere frm reaching the salt water; brightly clred bacteria live where the tw layers meet.(一层新鲜的雨水漂浮在盐水之上；淡水防止大气中的氧气到达盐水；颜色鲜艳的细菌生活在这两层相遇的地方。)”可知，颜色鲜艳的细菌生活在淡水层和盐水层相遇的地方，即淡水层和盐水层接触的地方。故选C。
【10题详解】
词义猜测题。根据第五段中的“Astrbilgist Kevin Hand says the bacteria may be similar t frms f life that might exist n Jupiter’s furth largest mn, Eurpa. ‘Our study f life’s extremes n Earth,’ he says, can help increase ‘ur understanding f habitable envirnments ff Earth.’(天体生物学家Kevin Hand说，这种细菌可能与木星第四大卫星木卫二上可能存在的生命形式相似。‘我们对地球上生命极限的研究，’他说，可以帮助我们加深‘对地球外可居住环境的了解。’)”可知，天体生物学家Kevin Hand认为蓝洞里的细菌可能与木卫二可能存在的生命形式相似，对蓝洞的研究可以帮助探索宇宙中适合人类居住的环境，由此可推测出，画线词所在句表达的是“蓝洞甚至可以提供有关宇宙生命的研究的线索”，故astrbilgy表示的事“对宇宙生命的研究”。故选B。
【11题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段中的“Near the tp f the blue hle, there is a layer f txic gas, which causes itching, headache, and—in large amunts—death.(在蓝洞的顶部附近，有一层有毒气体，会导致瘙痒、头晕，量足够大人会死亡。)”和“Additinally, divers have t fllw a guideline as they swim thrugh a blue hle because it is very dark inside.(此外，潜水员在穿过蓝洞时必须遵循指南，因为洞内非常黑暗。)”可知，蓝洞有毒且黑暗。故选D。
D
A MENTORING (导师制)prgram is giving life changing pprtunities t Banbury yuth. Yung Inspiratins was funded tw years ag t prvide mentring sessins fr students and unemplyed yung adults aged 11 t 21.
Alex Gldberg, the prgram's funder, said, “We set up Yung Inspiratins because we wanted t give yung peple experiences that will ptentially be life changing and braden their utlk. “ “We try t create wrk experience pprtunities which will make a really great difference t ur yuth. Fr example, we've secured internships (实习)with wrld - famus firms such as Hnda.”
“At a time f funding cutbacks, schls are finding it mre and mre difficult t ffer this kind f mentring because f that - it is extremely imprtant that these pprtunities are available bth t help yuth with their schl wrk and grades and t give them pprtunities which may help shape their futures. “ Kieran Hepburn, 14, is ne f a grup f Banbury yuth wh has benefited frm the prgram s far. In Octber, the Banbury Schl pupil was accmpanied by Yung Inspiratins staff t Paris where he was an bserver at the United Natins Educatinal, Scientific and Cultural Organizatin's( UNESCO) Internatinal Yuth Frum(论坛).
The event was held fr yung peple all ver the wrld t seek their views n hw the future f yuth and educatin shuld lk. Kieran jined several hundreds f bservers mstly in their 20s and was the nly UK schl pupil t attend the event. Kieran thinks the trip was a life changing experience. “ Befre we left I didn't quite knw what t make f it but when we gt there we didn't stp. It was amazing. “ he said, “We went t three r fur hurs f debates each day and then did smething cultural each afternn. “
The main theme f the frum was hw yuth can bring abut change in plitical and public life. It dealt with issues such as drug abuse, vilence and unemplyment. Kieran said: “ It has really helped me t imprve my cnfidence and scial skills as well as my schl grades and I was vted mst imprved pupil at schl in August. “ The Yung Inspiratins mentring sessins take place each Friday in Banbury. Fr mre details visit www. yunginspiratim. cm.
12. Why is the Yung Inspiratins mentring prgram set up?
A. T train staff fr wrld-famus firms.
B. T prvide yuth with unique experiences.
C. T equip the unemplyed fr future jbs.
D. T ffer jb pprtunities t yung adults.
13. What des the underlined “that” in paragraph 3 refer t?
A. the influence f unemplymentB. the lack f supprt frm firms
C. the shrtage f mneyD. the lack f pprtunities
14. It can be inferred frm the passage that ________.
A. the visit t the United Kingdm was amazing
B. Kieran has made great prgress in many aspects
C. the yuth have fund a way t slve their prblems
D. the mentring sessins are held every day except Friday
15. Which f the fllwing can be the best title fr the text?
A. Alex Gldberg, Funder f Yung Inspiratins
B. Kieran, a Schl Pupil frm Banbury t Paris
C. Debates Help Yuth with Their Grades and Cnfidence
D. Yung Peple Find a Wrld f Life-changing Opprtunities
【答案】12. B 13. C 14. B 15. D
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇说明文。本文介绍了青年激励计划，讲述了这个项目的种种好处，如帮助年轻人增加信心，提高学习成绩和社会技能等，号召大家参与到这个项目中。
【12题详解】
细节理解题。第二段中的We set up Yung Inspiratins because we wanted t give yung peple experiences that will ptentially be life changing and braden their utlk. 我们设立“青年激励”计划，是因为我们希望给年轻人带来可能改变生活和拓宽他们视野的经验。选项B是为了给年轻人一些独特经验切题，故选B。
【13题详解】
词义猜测题。第三段划线的that前的At a time f funding cutbacks, schls are finding it mre and mre difficult t ffer this kind f mentring说明在资金削减的时候，学校发现提供这种指导越来越困难。接着的because f that因为那种情况，因此推断that指代的就是资金消减，选项C缺少钱，切题，故选C。
【14题详解】
推理判断题。文章最后一段中的Kieran said:"It has really helped me t imprve my cnfidence and scial skills as well as my schl grades and I was vted mst imprved pupil at schl in August."可知Kieran说：“这真的帮助我提高了我的信心和社交能力，以及我的学校成绩，我在8月份被评为学校进步最大的学生。”选项B Kieran在许多方面取得了很大进步。切题，故选B。
【15题详解】
主旨大意题。文章第一句A MENTORING (导师制)prgram is giving life changing pprtunities t Banbury yuth. 一项导师制计划为班伯里青年提供了改变生活的机会。这是文章的主旨。选项D“年轻人找到改变生活的机会”切题，故选D。
【点睛】阅读理解题型中的主旨大意题，有一类是标题判断题，本题中的第4小题就是这类题目。既然标题判断题属于主旨大意题，选择的标题要能概括文章的大意，不能只是其中一个细节，第4小题的A、B、C选项都只是文章为说明主旨而给出的细节，不能概括本文的主旨，所以不是正确选项。在做题时的一个技巧是先看四个选项哪个选项用的语言是高度概括的，先做待定项，再去文章中寻找相关内容来验证。
第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Hw t Remember What Yu Read
Reading is imprtant. But the next step is making sure that yu remember what yu've read! ___16___Yu may have just read the text, but the ideas, cncepts and images（形象）may fly right ut f yur head. Here are a few tricks fr remembering what yu read.
● ___17___
If the plt, characters, r wrd usage is cnfusing fr yu, yu likely wn't be able t remember what yu read. It's a bit like reading a freign language. If yu dn't understand what yu're reading, hw wuld yu remember it? But there are a few things yu can d... Use a dictinary; lk up the difficult wrds.
● Are yu cnnected?
Des a character remind yu f a friend? Des the setting make yu want t visit the place? Des the bk inspire yu, and make yu want t read mre? With sme bks, yu may feel a cnnectin right away. ___18___ Hw willing are yu t make the cnnectins happen?
● Read it; hear it; be it!
Read the lines. Then, speak them ut lud. And, put sme character int the wrds. When he was writing his nvels, Charles Dickens wuld act ut the parts f the characters. He'd make faces in the mirrr, and change his vice fr each character. ___19___
● Hw ften d yu read?
If yu read frequently, yu'll likely have an easier time with remembering what yu’re reading and what yu've read. ___20___As yu make reading a regular part f yur life, yu'll make mre cnnectins, stay mre fcused and understand the text better. Yu’ll learn t enjy literature- as yu remember what yu read!
A. Are yu cnfused?
B. Practice makes perfect.
C. What's yur mtivatin?
D. Memry is smetimes a tricky thing.
E. Marking helps yu remember what yu read.
F. But ther bks require a bit mre wrk n yur part.
G. Yu can d the same thing when yu are reading the text!
【答案】16. D 17. A 18. F 19. G 20. B
【解析】
【分析】本文为说明文，给出了几种方法来帮助读者记忆阅读过的内容，包括扫清生词障碍，将所读到的内容与已有知识建立联系，把自己置身于情节之中和经常性阅读。
【16题详解】
根据空格后的内容：你可能刚刚读过某篇文章，但却对文章所传达的思想，概念以及形象等一片茫然。接下来作者给出了几条能记住所读内容的方法。D选项：阅读中记忆有时很让人棘手，与空格后所表述含义一致，故选D。
【17题详解】
本段主要说明能记住所读内容的前提是读懂，这就需要首先通过查字典等办法扫清生词障碍。由cnfusing”令人困惑的“及dn’t understand”不理解“等词可推知答案，故选A。
【18题详解】
根据空格后的内容：将正在阅读的内容与已有知识之间建立联系。有些书的内容会让你立即产生这种联想，因此推断该空的内容也是与建立联系有关，F选项含义为“但是其他书则更多地需要你自己努力了”，表示转折，与上下文顺畅连接，另外ther bks也与空白前的sme bks相对应。故选F。
【19题详解】
本段给出的方法是：要求读者能全身心投入到所读内容中去，列举了狄更斯的例子旨在说明这种方法的可行性，因此读者也可以使用这种方法记住所读内容，故选G。
【20题详解】
根据空格前：将阅读作为一种日常活动，可知空格处要说明这样做的好处。由此可推断出，该空格处内容与经常阅读相关，选项B(熟能生巧)符合语境。
【名师点睛】
【解题剖析】. 1.如果问题设在段首，通常是段落的主题句，认真阅读后文内容，根据段落一致性原则，查找相关的词，推断出主题句
如：●___2___
If the plt, characters, r wrd usage is cnfusing fr yu, likely wn’t be able t remember what yu read. 本段主要说明能记住所读内容的前提是读懂，这就需要首先通过查字典等办法扫清生词障碍。由cnfusing”令人困惑的“及dn’t understand”不理解“等词可推知答案，故选A Are yu cnfused?
2. 如果问题设在段尾.空白前的一句或两句是重点语句，重点阅读以锁定关键词。
如：Charles Dickens wuld act ut the parts f the characters, He’d make faces in the mirrr, and change his vice fr each character.___4___
3.如果问题设在句中，承上启下性是这个句子的主要作用。分析句子之间的逻辑关系及内容的连贯性，注意段落间的衔接手段。将选项代入原文，如果前后内容连贯，符合逻辑，就能得出正确答案。
如：If yu read frequently, yu’ll likely have and easier time with remembering what yu’re reading(and what yu’ve read).___5__根据空格前：将阅读作为一种日常活动，可知空格处要说明这样做的好处。由此可推断出，该空格处内容与经常阅读相关，选项F (熟能生巧)符合语境。
第三部分 语言运用(共两节，满分30)
第一节 完形填空(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Just five mnths earlier, I wuld never have thught that I wuld act in a play in frnt f s many peple. Withut the encuragement f my___21___, Mrs. Sather, I might never have fund that curage.
I was an extremely____22____girl. It just wasn’t in my persnality t make a sund in public. I used t___23___myself in my writing. Mrs. Sather als encuraged me t write mre. I think she was ne f the first peple t see my real___24___and knw hw t help me.
One day, she tld us that we were ging t___25___a play?The Wizard f Oz.“I need smene t play the lead part f Drthy," she said.
A lt f hands sht up.___26___, f curse, was nt ne f them.
After schl, Mrs. Sather said t me, “Dallas, I was___27___yu didn’t raise yur hand. Yu’re great at memrizing things, and yu have such a sweet persnality. I’m sure yu are___28___fr Drthy! I have yu in mind fr Drthy and want yu t write the play? t! If yu___29___dn’t want t, thugh, I wn’t make yu. It’s yur____30____. ”
Encuraged by her____31____, I suddenly wanted t see what I really culd d. I____32____the rle. After five mnths f practicing, line memrizing, and cstume(表演服)designing, we were_____33_____
At the end f the play, when my teacher and my classmates std up and____34____, I knew
they were nt just cngratulating fr my perfrmance(演出)that night, but fr the success that they knew wuld cme in later years because f my newly fund_____35_____.
21. A. friendB. teacherC. mtherD. classmate
22. A. shyB. weakC. cleverD. pretty
23. A. putB. takeC. hideD. turn
24. A. prblemB. galC. challengeD. advantage
25. A. put nB. make upC. put upD. fcus n
26. A. OursB. HersC. MineD. Theirs
27. A. excitedB. happyC. afraidD. surprised
28. A. anxiusB. sweetC. perfectD. awkward
29. A. fficiallyB. reallyC. finallyD. bviusly
30. A. turnB. chiceC. luckD. respnsibility
31. A. wrdsB. striesC. adventuresD. lectures
32. A. createdB. playedC. acceptedD. remembered
33. A. readyB. successfulC. famusD. careful
34. A. leftB. struggledC. criedD. cheered
35. A. skillB. cnfidenceC. interestD. hbby
【答案】21. B 22. A 23. C 24. A 25. A 26. C 27. D 28. C 29. B 30. B 31. A 32. C 33. A 34. D 35. B
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了善于写作但不善言谈的作者在老师的鼓励下，历经5个月的准备，在表演剧《绿野仙踪》中成功担任主演的经历。
【21题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：如果没有我的老师Mrs. Sather 的鼓励，我不可能有那个勇气。 A. friend朋友；B. teacher老师；C. mther母亲；D. classmate同学。根据最后一段中的“my teacher ”可知， Mrs. Sather是我的老师。故选B。
【22题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我是一个极其害羞的女孩。A. shy害羞的；B. weak虚弱的；C. clever聪明的；D. pretty漂亮的。根据下一句“It just wasn't in my persnality t make a sund in public.”（在公众前发言讲话不是我的个性）可知，我个性害羞。故选A。
【23题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我过去经常把自己隐藏在写作中。A. put放；B. take拿；C. hide躲藏；D. turn转向。根据前文可知，我个性害羞不敢在公众前讲话，自己只在写作中表达个人想法。故选C。
【24题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我认为她是其中一个首先发现我的问题而且知道如何帮助我的人。A. prblem问题；B. gal目标；C. challenge挑战；D. advantage优点。根据前文可知，我个性内向不敢在公众前讲话，这是一个需要解决的问题，下文讲的是老师如何帮助我解决这问题。故选A。
【25题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：一天，她说我们将演一个表演剧。A. put n上演；B. make up弥补，编；C. put up举起；D. fcus n集中于。根据句中的“a play”可知，她们将演一个剧本，用动词短语put n“上演”。故选A。
【26题详解】
考查代词词义辨析。句意：当然，我的手不在那些举起的手当中。A. Ours我们的；B. Hers她的；C. Mine我的；D. Theirs他们的。根据下文老师说“我很惊讶你没有举手。”可知，我当时手没举起，此处名词性物主代词mine=my hand。故选C。
【27题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我很惊讶你没有举手。A. excited兴奋的；B. happy开心的；C. afraid害怕的；D. surprised惊讶的。根据下文老师鼓励的话语可知，我没举手使她感到很惊讶。故选D。
【28题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我确信你是演Drthy完美人选。A. anxius焦虑的；B. sweet甜美的；C. perfect完美的；D. awkward尴尬的。根据下一句“I have yu in mind fr Drthy and want yu t write the play”（我想让你演Drthy这个角色）可知，老师认为我是饰演这个角色的最佳人选。故选C。
【29题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：如果你真的不想，我不会勉强你去做的。这是你的选择。A. fficially正式地；B. really真正地；C. finally最后地；D. bviusly明显地。根据后面“我不会勉强你去做的。这是你的选择。”可知，老师在征求我的个人意愿，如果我真的不想，她不会勉强我。故选B。
【30题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：如果你真不想，我不会勉强你去做的。这是你的选择。A. turn转向；B. chice选择；C. luck运气；D.respnsibility责任。根据前一句“如果你真的不想，我不会勉强你去做的。”可知，老师尊重我个人的选择，故选B。
【31题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：在她的话的鼓励下，我突然想看看我真的能做什么。A. wrds话；B. stries故事；C. adventures冒险；D. lectures演讲。根据前面老师说的话可知，我受到她的话的鼓励。故选A。
【32题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我接受了这个角色。A. created创造；B. played表演；C. accepted接受；D. remembered记住。根据前面老师的鼓励以及下面我5个月的准备可知，我接受了这个角色。故选C。
【33题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：经过5个月的练习、背台词和表演服设计，我们已经准备好了。A. ready准备好的；B. successful成功的；C. famus著名的；D. careful细心的。根据下文的成功可知，我们已经准备好出。故选A。
【34题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：还是在以后的日子里我会取得的成功，因为我新找到了自信。A. left留下；B. struggled奋斗；C. cried哭喊；D. cheered欢呼。根据空格后的“success”可知，表演成功后，他们为我欢呼。故选D。
【35题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：表演结束，当我老师和同学们起立欢呼时，我知道那个晚上他们祝贺的不仅是我的演出，还是在以后的日子里我会取得的成功，因为我新找到了自信。A. skill技能；B. cnfidence自信；C. interest兴趣；D. hbby嗜好。根据前文所提“我个性害羞”可知，我找到了在大众面前说话的自信心和勇气，与首段最后一词“curage”相呼应。故选B。
【点睛】
第二节 短文填空(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。
Tu Yuyu is universally acknwledged as a scientist f great achievement. Brn in Ningb, China, n 30 December 1930, Tu Yuyu graduated ____36____ Peking University Medical Schl in 1955. In 1967, she was chsen fr a research team ____37____ was frmed by the gvernment with the aim f discvering a new ____38____ (treat) fr malaria and tw years later she became the head f the prject in Beijing. She and her teammates examined ver 2,000 ld medical texts, ____39____ (evaluate) 280,000 plants fr their medical prperties, and tested 380 distinct ancient Chinese medical treatments that shwed prmise in the fight against malaria. As a ____40____ (cmmit) and patient scientist, she never acknwledged defeat whatever difficulty she met. After failing t draw ut useful extract by ____41____ (bil) the west wrmwd, she began even ____42____ (careful) thinking and research wrk. She drew ____43____ cnclusin that biling the sweet wrmwd ____44____ (destry) its medical prperties. S she used lwer temperature _____45_____ (draw) n the extract and finally she succeeded.
【答案】36. frm
37. that##which
38 treatment
39. evaluated
40. cmmitted
41. biling
42. mre careful
43. a 44. destryed
45. t draw
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲述了屠呦呦的生平和科研经历。
【36题详解】
考查介词。句意：1930年12月30日屠呦呦生于中国宁波，1955年毕业于北京大学医学院。graduate frm意为“从……毕业”，为固定搭配。故填frm。
【37题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：1967年，她被选入一个由政府组织的研究小组，该小组旨在发现一种治疗疟疾的新方法，两年后，她成为北京该项目的负责人。分析句子结构可知，空处引导定语从句，先行词为a research team，因为从句中缺少主语，所以用关系代词that或which来引导。故填that/which。
【38题详解】
考查名词。句意参考上题。空处应用名词作discvering的宾语。treatment意为“治疗，疗法”，为可数名词，且其前有不定冠词a，所以这里应用名词单数。故填treatment。
【39题详解】
考查动词时态。句意：她和她的队友研究了2000多份古老的医学文献，评估了28万种植物的药用特性，并测试了380种不同的中国古代医学疗法，这些方法在对抗疟疾方面显示出了前景。分析句子结构可知，空处和句中的examined, tested作并列谓语，应用一般过去时。故填evaluated。
【40题详解】
考查形容词。句意：作为一名有献身精神和耐心的科学家，她无论遇到什么困难都不承认失败。分析句子结构可知，此处用形容词cmmitted，意为“尽心尽力的，坚定的”，和patient一起并列作scientist的定语。故填cmmitted。
【41题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：在煮沸西洋艾草无法提取出有用的提取物后，她开始了更加仔细的思考和研究工作。by为介词，后接动名词作宾语。故填biling。
【42题详解】
考查形容词的比较级。句意参考上题。空处应填形容词作定语修饰名词词组thinking and research wrk；根据句意和空前的even可知，此处指她开始了更加仔细的思考和研究工作，含有比较的意思，应用careful的比较级mre careful。故填mre careful。
【43题详解】
考查冠词。句意：她得出了一个结论，那就是煮沸青蒿会破坏其药用价值。draw a cnclusin that...表示“得出一个……的结论”，为固定搭配。故填a。
【44题详解】
考查动词时态。句意参考上题。空处同位语从句的谓语动词，根据主句中的drew可知，从句时态应和主句时态保持一致，所以应用一般过去时。故填destryed。
【45题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：所以她用较低的温度来提取出提取物，最后她成功了。use sth. t d sth.表示“使用某物做某事”，不定式作目的状语。故填t draw。
第四部分 写作(共两节，满分40分)
第一节 书面表达(满分15分)
46. 假设你是某中学高三学生李华。你和英国好友Tm原定本周六一起外出，你因故不能赴约。请你用英文给他写一封电子邮件，内容包括：
1.表达歉意并说明原因；
2.提出建议并给出理由。
注意：1. 词数100左右；
2. 开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。
Dear Tm，
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yurs，
Li Hua
【答案】Dear Jim,
I'm Li Hua, yur gd friend wh is the student f Senir 3 in Hngxing high schl. We have made an appintment t g ut this weekend, but I'm s srry that l can't keep my prmise. The reasn is that my grandma was sent t the hspital because she had a sudden heart stke and have t get an peratin immediately. My parents
and l must g t visit her and keep her cmpany. l hpe yu can understand my cncerns abut my grandma and we can g ut next weekend during which I will be free.Als yu can tell me what time suits yu best and we can g ut at that time. I am truly srry again.
Yurs,
Li Hua
【解析】
【分析】本篇书面表达属于应用文，假设你是某中学高三学生李华。你和英国好友Tm原定本周六一起外出，你因故不能赴约。请你用英文给他写一封电子邮件，内容包括：1.表达歉意并说明原因；2.提出建议并给出理由。
【详解】1.词汇积累
打算做某事：plan t d→ make an appintment t d
违背诺言：break ne’s prmise→ can't keep ne’s prmise
照顾：take care f sb.→lk after
有空：be available → be free
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：Peple can easily cmmunicate with each ther in distant places.
拓展句：Althugh peple are separated by the very far distance, they can easily cmmunicate with each ther.
【点睛】[高分句型1] The reasn is that my grandma was sent t the hspital because she had a sudden heart stke and have t get an peratin immediately. (运用了that引导的表语从句和because引导的原因状语从句)
[高分句型2] l hpe yu can understand my cncerns abut my grandma and we can g ut next weekend during which I will be free. (运用了介词+which引导的限制性定语从句)
第二节 读后续写(满分25分)
47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
When I was a baby, my parents gave me anything I wanted. Then my dad died when I was tw and a half, and I gt even mre stuff as my mm, friends and family gave me mre and mre t try t make me feel better. But when I was seven, my wrld changed.
That was when the real estate market(房地产) crashed. My mm had thught that buying huses was a gd idea as a way t invest her mney t take care f us. After the crash, I went frm the kid wh gt an iPd when his tth fell ut and wh had the clest huse t hang ut in, t literally, having nwhere t stay.
After the real estate crash, when I wuld ask fr a new ty, r bike, r even t see a mvie my mm wuld say “maybe fr yur birthday” r “I’m srry hney, but we can’t really affrd that right nw.” I didn’t knw it then, but my mm had grwn up in a family where mney was never a prblem, s this change was as big fr her as it was fr me. My cnstant requests fr tys and vide games were nt helping my mm, wh was t deal with her feelings abut ur new crisis—ur financial situatin. But I wasn’t used t hearing “n” s fr a year r tw I kept asking.
Then smething happened that wuld change my way f thinking frever. My mm had been wrking really hard all year, just t pay fr the necessities, like ur water and pwer bill. When she asked me what I wanted fr my birthday I said that I wanted a new vide gaming system. I didn’t knw that it was expensive. All I knew was that my friends had them and that I wanted ne t.
注意：1.续写词数应为150左右。
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
On my birthday, I believed that I wuld get what I wanted when pening the presents.
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Frm then n, I learned the difference between what I wanted and what I needed.
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【答案】On my birthday, I believed that I wuld get what I wanted when pening the presents. I fund a piggy bank and a birthday card. When mm asked me what I thught, I said I lved them, but she culd tell hw disappinted I was and she started crying sadly. I hugged her tighter than I had ever hugged anyne befre. I realized hw hard she was wrking and that she culdn’t affrd t give me anything I wished fr as mst f the mney she made went t cver my daily expenses.
Frm then n, I learned the difference between what I wanted and what I needed. I didn’t expect t get everything I asked fr. I learned t treasure the tys and games I had at hand and t take gd care f them. I even gt a part-time jb t earn my pcket mney and smetimes helped with ur living csts. The special gift nt nly changed my way f thinking, but als changed my way f life: grwing up t a respnsible man.
【解析】
【分析】本文以礼物为线索展开。作者年幼时，家境不错，父母能满足作者所有的物质要求。后来遭遇经济危机，经济困难，作者依然要求母亲给自己买东西。作者想要一台电子游戏系统作为生日礼物，却只得到了一条牛仔裤。作者表示很喜欢这些礼物，母亲却哭了。作者感悟到母亲的不容易，开始珍惜手边的玩具和游戏，并打工贴补家用。这件普通的礼物改变了作者，他知道了长大后要做一个负责任的人。
【详解】1.段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“在我的生日那天，我相信当我打开礼物时，我会得到我想要的。”可知，第一段可描写作者拆开礼物时发现不是自己想要的东西时的反应及母亲的反应和作者的思考。
②由第二段首句内容“从那时起，我明白了我想要的和我需要的之间的区别。”可知，第二段可描写作者内心的变化和感悟以及他帮助母亲的行动。
2.续写线索：打开礼物——作者失望——母亲伤心——作者反思——珍惜玩具、游戏——作者行动及感悟
3.词汇激活
行为类
①.辨别：tell/distinguish
②.要求：ask fr/request
情绪类
①.失望：disappinted/upset
②.伤心：sadly/in srrw
【点睛】[高分句型1].I hugged her tighter than I had ever hugged anyne befre.（由than引导的比较状语从句）
[高分句型2].I realized hw hard she was wrking and that she culdn’t affrd t give me anything I wished fr as mst f the mney she made went t cver my daily expenses. （由hw和that引导并列的宾语从句及省略关系词的定语从句，as引导原因状语从句）