精品解析：福建省福州第二中学2021-2022学年高二上学期期中英语试题（含答案）

这是一份精品解析：福建省福州第二中学2021-2022学年高二上学期期中英语试题（含答案），共27页。
第一节 （共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
Tips fr Writing a Cver Letter
If yu are applying fr an internship, yu will likely have t submit a cver letter as part f yur applicatin. Read belw fr tips n writing an internship cver letter.
Use Business Letter Frmat
Use prper business letter frmat when sending a cver letter by mail. Include yur cntact infrmatin at the tp, the date, and the cntact infrmatin fr the emplyer. Be sure t prvide a prper salutatin, and sign yur name at the bttm.
Individualize Yur Cver Letter
Make sure t write a unique cver letter fr each internship fr which yu apply. Highlight skills and abilities yu have that relate t the specific internship listing. The main emphasis f yur cver letter shuld be cnvincing the reader that yu will be a qualified intern.
Emphasize Yur Academic Experience
In the letter, yu can mentin academic experience, if applicable. Especially if yu have limited wrk experience, yu might use examples frm schl t demnstrate that yu have particular skills. Fr example, if the internship requires yu t wrk as part f a team, prvide an example f an assistant at the library r a successful team prject yu wrked n during ne f yur cllege curses.
Include Extra Classrm Experiences
Yu can als include details abut yur relevant experience frm extra classrm activities r vlunteer wrk. Fr example, a reprter fr a cllege newspaper can pint t interviewing and writing skills; a histry f vlunteering at a shelter can prvide an example f strng interpersnal and rganizatinal skills.
Prfread and Edit
Be sure t thrughly prfread yur cver letter fr spelling and grammar errrs. Many internships are very cmpetitive, and any errr can hurt yur chances f getting an interview. Als, avid using t many wrds t cnvey yur infrmatin and intentin.
1．What can yu d t persnalize yur internship cver letter?
A．Use prper business letter frmat.
B．Emply mre cnvincing expressins.
C．Prmise a gd perfrmance in the internship.
D．Stress my wn abilities related t the requirements.
2．Academic experience included in the cver letter can ________.
A．make up fr the lack f wrk experienceB．prve yu’ll be an utstanding rganizer
C．shw yu have a gd academic perfrmanceD．multiply the chance f wrking n a team prject
3．Accrding t the text, a cver letter shuld be _____________.
A．emtinal and simplifiedB．infrmal and detailed
C．brief and targetedD．academic and qualified
B
When faced with the decisin t get ut f bed r have a few mre minutes f sleep, which d yu chse? Believe it r nt, that decisin culd make a wrld f difference in the rest f yur day.
Abut 85 percent f Americans use an alarm clck t wake up in the mrnings, accrding t sleep researcher Till Rennenber. And while there are n fficial numbers n snzing (打盹), a quick survey f scial media makes it clear that hitting the snze buttn is a ppular pastime.
As t hw the snze buttn will affect yur day, scientists have mixed pinins. Sme scientists think peple wh hit the snze buttn in the mrnings are actually clever, creative and happy while sme said that hitting the snze buttn will ruin yur life, r at the very least yur day. "I feel that hitting the snze buttn has gt t be ne f the wrst things that ever happened t human sleep,” researcher Jnathan Hrwitz said. "The chances f yu ‘snzing’ and actually experiencing a meaningful rest are clse t zer.”
Accrding t sme sleep experts, when hitting the snze buttn，yu are in fact cnfusing yur bdy and mind, and thrwing yurself int a deep state f being sleepy. The bdy needs sme time t wake up, s, when returning t what will be a light sleep fr a brief perid f time, yu are putting yur bdy back int a sleep mde befre waking it again. At that pint yur bdy wn’t knw what it wants, resulting in a srt f half awaken state.
If yu really want t take advantage f an alarm clck, the key is t frm a healthy sleep cycle. Fcus yur effrts n getting enugh sleep each night and waking up at the same time each day s that when yur alarm ges ff yu feel rested.
4．What can we infer abut hitting the snze buttn frm Paragraph 2?
A．Peple d it just fr fun.B．It is a cmmn practice.
C．Peple take it seriusly.D．It is a bit childish.
5．What d sme sleep experts think f hitting the snze buttn?
A．It is meaningful in the lng term.
B．It makes peple becme lazy.
C．It brings us a sense f satisfactin.
D．It affects ur bdy and mind.
6．What’s the authr’s suggestin n getting the best ut f alarms?
A．Frming a gd sleep habit.B．Trying t relax urselves.
C．Making use f willpwer.D．Using an extra alarm.
7．What is the best title fr the text?
A．Ways t keep refreshed in the mrning.
B．The snze buttn and peple's character.
C．Shuld yu rely n the snze buttn?
D．Hw t avid the light sleep mde?
C
Scial media is taking ver ur lives: Facebk, Instagram, Twiter and nw, TikTk. These scial media platfrms have transfrmed frm a way t stay cnnected t an industry where even kids can make mney ff their psts. While this may seem like anther pprtunistic innvatin, it’s really full f hidden false realities.
The median incme(中位收入) recrded in the United States f America was abut $63,000 in 2018. Tiktkers can make anywhere frm $50,000 t $150,000 fr a TikTk brand partnership, and Tiktkers with ver a millin fllwers can make up t $30,000 a mnth—$360,000 a year,. They are making mre than the average persn trying t feed their family and keep a rf ver their heads, simply by psting a 15-secnd vide.
This is mad in mre ways than ne. Nt nly is it an verpaid “jb”, it prmtes undeserved admiratin frm viewers and a false sense f reality. Many f these famus TikTkers are still teens, and the effects f fame at such an early stage in life might cause issues later in life, such as mental illness. Teens between the ages f 13 and 17 make up 27% f Tiktk viewers, wh can be easily influenced by what they are watching. They can put a false sense f self-value int wh they lk up t and what they represent: mney, fame, being cnsidered cnventinally attractive.
While TikTk has becme a great tl fr marketing, it’s imprtant t understand hw this cntent affects yung viewers. If we’re cnstantly cnsuming cntent that shws us all we need t d t be successful is be cnventinally attractive and pst a 15-secnd vide featuring a new dance, it will challenge ur knwledge f what really makes smene successful and will in turn affect ur individual wrk ethics(伦理). What abut the peple wh miss birthday and family hlidays due t their jbs and aren’t getting paid nearly as much as these TikTkers?
Richard Clyer, president and creatr f Metaphr, Inc, had his wn view n this issue. “It sunds great can make mney fr ding the latest dance mves in a 15-secnd vide, but we shuld feed the minds f kids and nt just their bank accunts. TikTk can be great if used prperly. Mney alne is nt gd, technlgy alne is nt gd and cnnectedness can be bad if it’s nly nline.”
Again, as a fellw cnsumer f Tiktk, I d enjy the app when I have sme time t kill and need a gd laugh. I’ m nt against smene making a living n entertainment, but what des getting famus f a 15-secnd vide teach yung peple?
8．What des the underlined wrd “this” in paragraph1 refer t?
A．Scial netwrking.B．Making mney n scial media.
C．A jb ffered by Tiktk.D．Staying cnnected t the Internet.
9．What d the numbers given in paragraph 2 shw?
A．TikTkers are earning mney easily.
B．Tiktkers are richer than average peple.
C．Mst Tiktkers can becme millinaires vernight.
D．Ppular TikTkers earn much mre than rdinary wrkers.
10．Which is the pssible influence f TikTk n its yung users?
A．They tend t live an adult life t sn.
B．They are frced t pay fr certain services.
C．They may abandn ther scial media.
D．They are likely t develp false value.
11．What can we infer frm Richard Clyer’s cmments?
A．Tiktk can be a psitive influence if teens emply it wisely.
B．Yung TikTkers shuld be banned frm making mney.
C．It is better t invlve educatin n investment in TikTk vides.
D．Cntents f vides need checking befre their release nline.
D
In Kenya, tw university students frm rural villages came up with a system t recharge a cellphne battery using energy generated frm a bicycle. They tk mst f the items frm a junkyard. Innvatin and leadership strategist Navi Radju thinks that such frugal(节俭的) innvatin enables scially and envirnmentally respnsible ecnmic develpment thrugh prducts and services that cmbine fur qualities: affrdability, accessibility, sustainability, and quality. He advises that we shuld use what is rich t handle what is scarce.
It’s an apprach that is having a huge impact. Amng things becming rich in develping cuntries are cnnectivity and smartphnes. A great example f frugal innvatin is Peek Retina, a small adapter(适配器) fr a smartphne that lets peple perfrm eye exams withut any f the fancy equipment yu stare int at yur ptmetrist’s. Anther great frugal innvatin is Fldscpe, a micrscpe that csts 50 cents t make but can d serius diagnses(诊断). With the wide use f the micrscpe, peple can be easily tested instead f traveling lng distances t see a dctr and a real hands-n science educatin can be prvided fr all remte health wrkers.
Frugal Innvatin is a new trendy term fr smething that has been arund fr a while; in the 1980s it was MacGyver; in the 1970s it was Adhcism. Basically it invlves using an available system r dealing with an existing situatin in a new way t slve a prblem quickly and effectively. It is a methd f creatin relying particularly n resurces which are already at hand. By getting back t basics, frugal innvatin allws lw-incme ppulatins t play a majr part in their wn prgress.
It may be the same as it ever was under a new name, but there are new tls and new ways f sharing. The new smartphne technlgy and the speed f cmmunicatin and spread f infrmatin really make this a new age f Frugal Innvatin. And it’s nt just in the develping wrld, it can wrk anywhere. S welcme t the new buzzwrd(流行词), Frugal Innvatin.
12．What des the underlined wrd “scarce” in paragraph 1 prbably mean?
A．Rare.B．Remte.
C．Efficient.D．Expensive.
13．Why are Peek Retina and Fldscpe mentined in paragraph 2?
A．T intrduce byprducts f smartphnes.
B．T shw the influence f frugal innvatin
C．T indicate develping cuntries’ advances in science.
D．T explain the differences between these tw inventins.
14．Hw will lw-incme ppulatins benefit frm frugal innvatin?
A．They can stay away frm physical wrk.
B．They can design their wn inventins.
C．They can buy high-tech prducts at a lw price.
D．They can trade prfitably with de develped cuntries.
15．What makes Frugal Innvatin different frm MacGyver and Adhcism?
A．It is fr practical purpses.B．It is envirnmentally friendly.
C．It is clsely related t technlgy.D．It is intended fr develping cuntries.
第二节 （共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）
阅读下面短文、从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空自处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
While mst peple feel lnely nw and then, it usually nly lasts between a few minutes and a few hurs. _____16_____ Psychlgists are studying this cmplex phenmenn, and have identified three different types f lneliness.
The first kind f lneliness is temprary. _____17_____ The secnd kind, situatinal lneliness, is a natural result f a particular situatin—fr example, a family prblem, the death f a lved ne, r mving t a new place. Althugh this kind f lneliness can cause physical prblems, it usually des nt last fr mre than a year. The third kind f lneliness is the mst severe. ______18______ Peple wh experience chrnic(慢性的) lneliness have many prblems scializing and becming clse t thers. Unfrtunately, many chrnically lnely peple think there is little r nthing they can d t imprve their cnditins.
______19______ We depend n varius peple fr different reasns. Fr instance, ur families give us emtinal supprt, ur parents and teachers give us guidance, and ur friends share similar interests and activities. Hwever, psychlgists have fund that the number f scial cntacts we have is nt the nly reasn fr lneliness. ___20___ In ther wrds, thugh lnely peple may have many scial cntacts, they smetimes fell they shuld have mre. They questin their wn ppularity.
A．Hwever, this type f lneliness is nt s serius.
B．Fr sme peple, thugh, lneliness can last fr years.
C．Psychlgists are explring pssible ways t slve the prblem.
D．It usually disappears quickly and des nt require any special attentin.
E．It is mre imprtant hw many scial cntacts we think r expect we shuld have.
F．Psychlgists agree that ne imprtant factr in lneliness is a persn’s scial cntacts.
G．Unlike the secnd type, habitual lneliness usually lasts mre than tw years and has n specific cause.
第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分）
第一节 （共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
The victims were carried in ne by ne,their paws and fur burned,suffering frm dehydratin(脱 水）and fear.Their caretakers__21__their wunds,and _22_them in baskets with the nly thing that was_23_---the leaves f eucalyptus(桉树）tree.As miserable fires have._24_mre than 2 millin acres in Australia,nly dzens f kalas have been _25_frm the smky trees and _26_ grund.
Kalas,unlike kangars,birds r snakes,d nt _27_.frm fires but instead climb trees t the tp,where they can curl themselves int a ball fr _28_ and wait fr the danger t _29_
But during big fires,such as thse that have burned in recent weeks,the animals are far less likely t__30__Even if the fire itself des nt reach the tree_31_ ,the animals may ver heat and fall t the grund,where they can be burned t death.
The tugh situatin f the kala has raised _32_amng scientists and cnservatinists(环保主义者）。While kalas have develped t exist alngside the wildfires,they are facing new _33_,nt just frm climate change but als frm human develpment,which has dislcated Kalas' ppulatins,_34_their ability t survive fires.
We have these _35_ animals nt fund anywhere else n this planet,and we are killing them. This is a big wake-up call.
21．A．tuchedB．treatedC．ignredD．discvered
22．A．threwB．lckedC．laidD．frced
23．A．familiarB．plentifulC．beautifulD．expensive
24．A．reachedB．leftC．burnedD．trapped
25．A．killedB．recgnizedC．hurtD．rescued
26．A．flatB．blackC．bradD．safe
27．A．escapeB．dieC．sufferD．rise
28．A．balanceB．prtectinC．challengeD．cmfrt
29．A．attackB．cmeC．passD．avid.
30．A．jumpB．climbC．fallD．survive
31．A．tpB．leavesC．trunkD．rt
32．A．passinB．cncernC．fearD．interest
33．A．chancesB．chicesC．neighbrsD．threats
34．A．weakeningB．develpingC．enrichingD．ensuring
35．A．lnelyB．stupidC．lazyD．unique
第二节 （共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
When the Library Cave, knwn as Cave 17 frm the Mga Cave Cmplex at Dunhuang, China, was pened in 1900, several tns f manuscripts, scrlls, bklets and paintings n silk and paper ____36____(find) literally stuffed int it. These ____37____(value) writings were cllected between the 9h and 10 centuries CE, by Tang and Sng Dynasty Buddhist mnks ____38____ carved ut the cave and then filled it with ancient and current manuscripts n tpics ____39____(range) frm religin and philsphy, histry and mathematics, t flk sngs and dance.
Cave 17 is nly ne f the 735 human-made caves ____40____(call) Mga Grttes, which were dug int a less cliff abut 15 miles sutheast f the twn f Dunhuang in Gansu Prvince. Dunhuang’s lng and glrius histry reflects its ____41____( significant) as a center f cultural and religius exchange. These caves were dug and maintained by Buddhist mnks frm 366 CE and were sealed and hidden abut a thusand years ag. It was nt until 1900 ____42____, they were rediscvered.
The Dunhuang Academy was set up in China in ____43____ 1980s, aiming t cllect and preserve the manuscripts; the Internatinal Dunhuang Prject (IDP) was frmed in 1994 ____44____(bring) the internatinal schlars tgether t wrk jintly n the _____45_____(cllectin). The IDP has put many f the dcuments nline, as images and as translatins.
第四部分 基础知识（共三节，满分25分）
第一节 （共7小题；每小題1分，满分7分）
根据语境，选择下框中的单词或短语换句中划线部分的单词或短语，必要时用正确的形式，使之意思一致。
46．When we think abut nnverbal behavir, r bdy language, we think abut cmmunicatin.
47．Mdern methds f tracking plar bear ppulatins have been used nly since the mid-1980s.
48．In Japan, it may display respect t lk dwn when talking t an lder persn.
49．In a sense, it’s human nature t judge the advantages and disadvantages f decisins all the time.
50．Several jurnalists saw the incident happen in which eight peple were injured.
51．The teacher’s smile suggested that she had frgiven the students.
52．An pen-surce discussin makes it challenging fr users t recgnize the difference between truth and rumrs.
第二节 （共8小题；每小题1分，满分8分）
根据语境，选择下框中的单词，必要时用正确的形式填空。框中有两个单词为多余单词。
53．She ________ the picture, wndering where she had seen it.
54．________ three kilmeters f heavy traffic tk me almst 25 minutes.
55．A slight frwn appeared in her face, shwing she was nt________ the plan.
56．On lng jurney I passed the time by________ bserving ther passengers.
57．When we feel prud and pwerful, we usually________ t make urselves bigger.
58．Opprtunities and success tend t________ thse wh are ready.
59．Mst peple wrk because it’s unavidable. ________, there are sme peple wh actually enjy wrking.
60．If a passage des nt say smething directly, we can________ by lking at the clues in it.
第三节 （共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）
英汉互译，81-83题按括号中的提示或要求进行汉英，84-85题进行英译汉。
61．关键是使用肢体语言的方式要与你所处的文化相应。（汉译英）
62．有些同学会避免与老师的眼神交流，只因为担心被老师叫起来回答问题。( merely，call n) （汉译英）
63．恰当地利用肢体语言可以帮助你克服与人交流的障碍。(用-ing形式作主语) （汉译英）
64．We make assessments and references frm bdy language, and accrding t these judgments, we apprve f ne persn and dislike anther.（英译汉）
65．Interpreting the signs that anther persn shws requires cnsidering the whle picture. In this sense, it can be cmpared t a dctr evaluating a patient’s cnditin. (英译汉)
第五部分 读后续写（满分25分）
66．阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。所续写词数应在150左右。
Lve Will Melt Yur Heart
The day befre my daughter Nrah’s furth birthday, smething she said suggested an unusual event. I’d just picked her up frm pre-schl when she reminded me t mind the elderly persn walking acrss the parking lt at a snail’s pace.
She went n t explain that she had a sft spt fr ld flks, “I like ld peple the best because they walk slwly like I walk slwly and they have sft skin like I have sft skin. They all gnna die sn, s I gnna lve them all up befre they die,” I was struck by her thughtfulness and sympathy. I had n idea hw much she really meant it.
Her fllwing day—her birthday—again n the way frm schl, she asked if we culd stp at the grcery stre t buy cupcakes fr her and her brthers and sisters t enjy after dinner. Hw d yu say n t a birthday girl? I put Nrah and her yunger sister int ne f thse car-shaped grcery cart and headed tward the bakery. After we picked up the cupcakes, I stpped at a clearance shelf that caught my eye. While I was distracted, Nrah was busying standing up in the cart, excitedly waving and shuting, “Hi, ld persn. It is my birthday tday”
The man was elderly, with his wrinkled face. Hwever, befre I culd blame her fr calling him an ld persn r ask the earth t swallw me whle, he stpped and turned t her. If he was trubled by my inncent child, he didn’t shw it. His expressin sftened as he replied “Well, hell. Little lady, hw ld are yu tday?” They chatted fr a few minutes, he wished her a happy birthday, and we went ur separate ways. A few minutes later, she turned t me and asked “Can I take a picture with the ld man fr my birthday?” It was the cutest thing ever and althugh I wasn’t sure if he’d be willing t, I tld her we’d certainly ask.
Paragraph 1:
We fund the man a cuple f aisles ver, and I apprached him.
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Paragraph 2:
After a few minutes, I thanked Mr. Dan fr spending a bit f time with us.
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
imply assess demnstrate emply distinguish witness interact
by cntrast make inferences be in favr f straighten up apprve f
in ther wrds stare at ccupy neself with get thrugh at wrk
1．D
2．A
3．C
【分析】
这是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了求职信的五个写作技巧。
1．
细节理解题。根据第三段“Make sure t write a unique cver letter fr each internship fr which yu apply. Highlight skills and abilities yu have that relate t the specific internship listing. The main emphasis f yur cver letter shuld be cnvincing the reader that yu will be a qualified intern.(确保为你申请的每个实习岗位写一封独特的求职信。突出你所拥有的与实习相关的技能和能力。求职信的重点应该是让读者相信你是一个合格的实习生)”可知，强调自己与要求相关的能力，才能让你的实习求职信更个性化。故选D。
2．
细节理解题。根据倒数第三段中“In the letter, yu can mentin academic experience, if applicable. Especially if yu have limited wrk experience, yu might use examples frm schl t demnstrate that yu have particular skills.(如果可以的话，你可以在信中提到你的学术经历。特别是如果你的工作经验有限，你可以用学校里的例子来证明你有特殊的技能)”可知，求职信中包含的学术经验可以弥补工作经验的不足。故选A。
3．
细节理解题。根据最后一段“Be sure t thrughly prfread yur cver letter fr spelling and grammar errrs. Many internships are very cmpetitive, and any errr can hurt yur chances f getting an interview. Als, avid using t many wrds t cnvey yur infrmatin and intentin.(一定要彻底校对你的求职信的拼写和语法错误。很多实习都很有竞争力，任何失误都可能损害你获得面试机会的机会。同时，避免用太多的词语来表达你的信息和意图)”可知，求职信应该简洁而有针对性。故选C。
4．B
5．D
6．A
7．C
【分析】
这是一篇说明文。很多人习惯于早上设置闹钟，并在闹钟响起后再睡一会儿，文章讲述了这种做法的坏处，并给出了科学的作息方案。
4．推理判断题。根据第二段最后一句“And while there are n fficial numbers n snzing (打盹), a quick survey f scial media makes it clear that hitting the snze buttn is a ppular pastime.”可知，根据社交媒体上的小调查，按下小睡按钮是很多人都有的习惯，与B选项含义一致。故选B项。
5．细节理解题。根据第四段第一句“Accrding t sme sleep experts, when hitting the snze buttn，yu are in fact cnfusing yur bdy and mind, and thrwing yurself int a deep state f being sleepy.”可知，在一些睡眠专家看来，起床后小睡会迷惑身体和大脑，D选项“它会影响身体和大脑”含义一致。故选D项。
6．细节理解题。根据最后一段第一句“If yu really want t take advantage f an alarm clck, the key is t frm a healthy sleep cycle.”可知，作者给出的利用好闹钟的建议是，养成健康的睡眠周期，与A选项“养成良好的睡眠习惯”含义一致。故选A项。
7．主旨大意题。总览全文，主要围绕“snze buttn”展开，文章先是引出了起床后小睡这种现象，继而引用专家和研究人员的观点指出其弊端所在，最后作者给出了合理的建议，C选项“你应该依赖小睡按钮吗？”切合主题，适合作为标题。故选C项。
【点睛】
阅读理解中主旨大意题是重难点题型之一，其中标题判断是较为常见的一个类型，要求在阅读并理解表面文字的基础上做出判断和推论，从而得到文章的隐含意思和深层意思，也就是通过文章中的文字信息，上下逻辑关系及事物的发展变化等推断出作者索要表达的态度观点。为了能找出符合题意的一项，我们必须排除干扰项，一般干扰项包括以下几种类型：1.夸大事实型——对于原文中的细节或论断的某方面程度进行了夸大处理；2.无中生有型——捏造原文并不存在的信息；3.推理过头型——引申过度，使得结论过于绝对化。第4小题对于标题的判断中，A选项“早晨保持清醒的办法”，B选项“小睡按钮和人们的性格”，D选项“如何避免浅睡模式”都不能如实准确反映文章主题，由此也可以确定正确答案。
8．B
9．A
10．D
11．A
【导语】
本文是议论文。文章主要围绕抖音对社会的影响展开论述。
8．
词句猜测题。根据指代关系和第一段“These scial media platfrms have transfrmed frm a way t stay cnnected t an industry where even kids can make mney ff their psts. While this may seem like anther pprtunistic innvatin, it’s really full f hidden false realities.”（这些社交媒体平台已经从一种保持联系的方式转变为一个连孩子都能通过发帖赚钱的行业。虽然这看起来像是另一种机会主义创新，但它确实充满了隐藏的非真实现实。）可知，this指代上文中“even kids can make mney ff their psts”这一现象，即“在社交媒体上赚钱”。故选B。
9．
推理判断题。根据第二段“The median incme (中位收入) recrded in the United States f America was abut $63,000 in 2018. Tiktkers can make anywhere frm $50,000 t $150,000 fr a TikTk brand partnership, and Tiktkers with ver a millin fllwers can make up t $30,000 a mnth—$360,000 a year”（2018年，美国的收入中值约为6.3万美元。如果与TikTk建立品牌合作关系，TikTk用户可以获得5万至15万美元的收入，拥有超过100万粉丝的TikTk用户每月最多可以获得3万美元，一年36万美元。）可推知，本段用这些数字是为了说明通过TikTkers赚钱很容易。故选A。
10．
细节理解题。根据第三段“They can put a false sense f self-value int wh they lk up t and what they represent”（他们会把错误的价值观应用在他们应该尊敬谁和他们应该代表谁上面。）可知，抖音对青少年的影响体现在会让他们形成错误的价值观。故选D。
11．
推理判断题。根据第五段Richard Clyer的话“TikTk can be great if used prperly.”（如果使用恰当的话，抖音可能会是很棒的。）可推知，在Richard Clyer看来，如果使用恰当的话，抖音可能会对青少年有好的影响。故选A。
12．A
13．B
14．B
15．B
【导语】
本文是说明文。文章主要讲述节俭创新的好处。
12．
词句猜测题。根据第一段“He advises that we shuld use what is rich t handle what is scarce.”（他建议我们应该使用富有的东西去解决scarce的东西。）可知，scarce是形容词，而且是可以用现存量很大的东西去解决的。根据上文的例子的“innvatin”（创新）可知，解决的是可以创新出来的东西，说明这是现在没有或者稀有的东西。和选项A意思一致。故选A。
13．
推理判断题。根据第二段“A great example f frugal innvatin is Peek Retina,” （一个节俭创新的例子是Peek Retina）和“Anther great frugal innvatin is Fldscpe”（另一个节俭创新的例子是Fldscpe）可知，它们是节俭创新的例子，是收到了节俭创新的影响。故选B。
14．
推理判断题。根据第三段“By getting back t basics, frugal innvatin allws lw-incme ppulatins t play a majr part in their wn prgress.”（通过回归基础，节俭创新允许低收入人群在它们自己的进程中起主要的作用。）可知，节俭创新可以让低收入人群也有自己的发明创造。故选B。
15．
推理判断题。根据第一段“such frugal(节俭的) innvatin enables scially and envirnmentally respnsible ecnmic develpment thrugh prducts and services that cmbine fur qualities: affrdability, accessibility, sustainability, and quality.”（这样的节俭创新从社会和环保方面通过结合买得起，买的到，可持续和品质4个特点的产品和服务使得经济发展。）和第三段“Basically it invlves using an available system r dealing with an existing situatin in a new way t slve a prblem quickly and effectively. It is a methd f creatin relying particularly n resurces which are already at hand.”（从根本上来说，它涉及到使用可用的系统或者用现存的状况用新的方式来快速有效地解决一个问题。它是一个尤其依赖手头上的资源的创造方法。）可知，节俭创新是环保的。故选B。
16．B
17．D
18．G
19．F
20．E
【分析】
这是一篇选句填空。本文主要讨论了孤独：心理学家把孤独分为了三种，第一种孤独不会持续太久，它是最普通的一种孤独；第二种是情景式孤独，是某种特定情况产生的自然结果；与前两种不同，第三种孤独是最严重的，通常持续两年以上，没有具体原因。
16．根据前文While mst peple feel lnely nw and then, it usually nly lasts between a few minutes and a few hurs.可知，尽管大多数人偶尔会感到孤独，这种孤独通常只持续几分钟。再根据下文内容讲述三种持续时间不同的孤独，B项：Fr sme peple, thugh, lneliness can last fr years.(然而，对于一些人来说孤独可以持续几年。)符合文意，故选B项。
17．根据前文The first kind f lneliness is temprary.可知，第一种孤独是暂时的。D项：It usually disappears quickly and des nt require any special attentin.(它通常很快就消失，而且不需要任何特别的关注。)是对前文所讲的第一种孤独的进一步说明，故选D项。
18．根据前文The third kind f lneliness is the mst severe.可知，第三种孤独是最严重的。G项：Unlike the secnd type, habitual lneliness usually lasts mre than tw years and has n specific cause.(不像第二种，习惯性孤独通常持续超过两年，并且没有特别的原因。)是对前文所讲的第三种孤独的进一步说明，故选G项。
19．根据前文We depend n varius peple fr different reasns.可知，我们因为不同的原因依赖各种人。F项：Psychlgists agree that ne imprtant factr in lneliness is a persn’s scial cntacts.(心理学家相信孤独的一个重要因素是一个人的社交关系。)是对孤独原因的进一步分析，符合文意，故选F项。
20．根据后文In ther wrds, thugh lnely peple may have many scial cntacts, they smetimes fell they shuld have mre.可知，换句话来说，孤独的人虽然有一些社交，但有时他们认为自己需要更多。E项：It is mre imprtant hw many scial cntacts we think r expect we shuld have.(更重要的是我们觉得或者期待自己有多少社交关系。)符合文意，故选E项。
21．B
22．C
23．A
24．C
25．D
26．B
27．A
28．B
29．C
30．D
31．A
32．B
33．D
34．A
35．D
【分析】
这是一篇记叙文。讲述澳大利亚的一场大火造成许多动物受伤，其中考拉伤亡严重，这次火灾警示世人保护动物。
21．考查动词词义辨析。句意：它们的护理人员治疗它们的伤口。A. tuched触摸；B. treated治疗；C. ignred忽视；D. discvered发现。由上文可知它们被火烧伤了，根据关键词caretakers，可知是对伤口进行治疗。故选B。
22．考查动词词义辨析。句意：把它们小心地放入带有唯一熟悉的东西—桉树的叶子的篮子里。A. threw扔；抛；B. lcked锁上；C. laid（尤指轻轻地或小心地）放置，安放，D. frced强迫。它们受伤了，医护人员治疗后会小心地放入篮子里。故选C。
23．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：把它们小心地放入带有唯一熟悉的东西—桉树的叶子的篮子里。A. familiar熟悉的；B. plentiful充足的；丰富的；C. beautiful美丽的；D. expensive昂贵的。由下文可知这些受伤的动物是考拉，故它们对桉树的叶子是熟悉的。故选A。
24．考查动词词义辨析。句意：由于悲惨的火灾在澳大利亚燃烧（范围）已经超过了两百万英亩，只有几十只考拉，从烟雾弥漫的树木中和黑色的土地上，被营救。A. reached到达；B. left离开；C. burned燃烧；D. trapped困住。由miserable fires可知是燃烧。故选C。
25．考查动词词义辨析。句意：由于悲惨的火灾在澳大利亚燃烧（范围）已经超过了两百万英亩，只有几十只考拉，从烟雾弥漫的树木中和黑色的土地上，被营救。A. killed杀死；B. recgnized辨别出；C. hurt伤害；D. rescued营救。由上文护理人员治疗考拉，可知是考拉从大火中被营救。故选D。
26．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：由于悲惨的火灾在澳大利亚燃烧（范围）已经超过了两百万英亩，只有几十只考拉，从烟雾弥漫的树木中和黑色的土地上，被营救。A. flat平坦的；B. black黑色的；C. brad宽阔的；D. safe安全的。由上文可知，火灾十分严重，树木烟雾弥漫，大地被烧焦，因此是黑色的。故选B。
27．考查动词词义辨析。句意：考拉，与袋鼠、鸟类或者蛇不同，它们不会从火中逃脱，而是爬到树顶，在那儿，它们蜷缩成一团以保护自己，然后等待危险过去。A. escape逃脱；B. die死亡；C. suffer受苦；D. rise上升。由下文可知，考拉爬到树顶保护自己，因此说它们不像袋鼠，鸟类或者蛇那样能从火灾中逃脱。故选A。
28．考查名词词义辨析。句意：考拉，与袋鼠、鸟类或者蛇不同，它们不会从火中逃脱，而是爬到树顶，在那儿，它们蜷缩成一团以保护自己，然后等待危险过去。A. balance平衡；B. prtectin保护；C. challenge挑战；D. cmfrt舒服。在火中，它们爬上树顶，蜷缩成一团是为了保护自己。故选B。
29．考查动词词义辨析。句意：考拉，与袋鼠、鸟类或者蛇不同，它们不会从火中逃脱，而是爬到树顶，在那儿，它们蜷缩成一团以保护自己，然后等待危险过去。A. attack攻击；B. cme来；C. pass结束；D. avid.避免。考拉不像袋鼠、鸟类或者蛇那样逃脱，它们只能爬上树顶，蜷缩成团，等着火灾的结束。故选C。
30．考查动词词义辨析。句意：动物存活的可能性很小。A. jump跳；B. climb爬；C. fall落下；D. survive存活。由下文可知，即使火没有烧到树顶，动物们也会因为过热掉落到地上，被烧死。所以是很难存活。故选D。
31．考查名词词义辨析。句意：即使大火没有烧到树顶。 A. tp顶；B. leaves叶子；C. trunk树干；D. rt根。由前文可知，考拉是爬到树顶躲避大火。故选A。
32．考查名词词义辨析。句意：考拉的艰难处境引起了科学家和环保主义者的担忧。A. passin热情；B. cncern担心；C. fear害怕；D. interest兴趣。考拉的遭遇了火灾，科学家和环保主义者应该是担忧的。故选B。
33．考查名词词义辨析。句意：尽管考拉从这场野火中存活下来，它们还面临新的威胁，不止是来自气候变化，也来自人类的发展，这扰乱了考拉的种群，削弱了它们从大火中存活的能力。A. chances机会；B. chices选择；C. neighbrs邻居；D. threats威胁。上文提到的野火对考拉来说是生存的威胁，可知下文提到气候变化，人类发展是它们面对的新的威胁。故选D。
34．考查动名词词义辨析。句意：不止是来自气候变化，也来自人类的发展，这扰乱了考拉的种群，削弱了它们从大火中存活的能力。A. weakening减弱；B. develping发展；C. enriching使丰富；D. ensuring确保。由上文可知，人类的发展是考拉新面对的威胁，带来的是不好的影响，因此是削弱了生存的能力。故选A。
35．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我们拥有这些独一无二的、在这个星球任何其它地方都找不到的动物。A. lnely可爱的；B. stupid愚蠢的；C. lazy懒惰的；D. unique独一无二的。由下文“nt fund anywhere else n this planet”，可知是独一无二的。故选D。
36．fund
37．valuable
38．wh##that
39．ranging
40．called
41．significance
42．that
43．the
44．t bring
45．cllectins
【导语】
这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了中国敦煌莫高窟第17窟的情况，洞穴中填满了古代和现代的手稿，内容涉及宗教、哲学、历史、数学、民间歌曲和舞蹈等。
36．
考查非谓语动词。句意：1900年，中国敦煌莫高窟第17窟开馆时，被发现的数吨丝绸和纸张上的手稿、卷轴、小册子和绘画真的塞在里面。分析句子结构可知find在句中应用非谓语动词形式，与逻辑主语several tns f manuscripts, scrlls, bklets and paintings n silk and paper构成被动关系，故用过去分词作定语。故填fund。
37．
考查形容词。句意：这些珍贵的文字收集于公元9世纪至10世纪之间，由唐宋时期的佛教僧侣们雕刻而成，并在洞穴中填满了古代和现代的手稿，内容涉及宗教、哲学、历史、数学、民间歌曲和舞蹈等。修饰后文名词writings应用形容词valuable，作定语。故填valuable。
38．
考查定语从句。句意：这些珍贵的文字收集于公元9世纪至10世纪之间，由唐宋时期的佛教僧侣们雕刻而成，并在洞穴中填满了古代和现代的手稿，内容涉及宗教、哲学、历史、数学、民间歌曲和舞蹈等。此处为定语从句修饰先行词mnks，先行词在从句中作主语，指人，故用关系代词wh或that引导。故填wh/ that。
39．
考查非谓语动词。句意：这些珍贵的文字收集于公元9世纪至10世纪之间，由唐宋时期的佛教僧侣们雕刻而成，并在洞穴中填满了古代和现代的手稿，内容涉及宗教、哲学、历史、数学、民间歌曲和舞蹈等。分析句子结构可知range在句中应用非谓语动词形式，与逻辑主语tpics构成主动关系，故用现在分词作状语。故填ranging。
40．
考查非谓语动词。句意：第17窟是735个被称为莫高窟的人工石窟之一，这些石窟是在甘肃省敦煌市东南约15英里的黄土悬崖上挖掘的。分析句子结构可知call在句中应用非谓语动词形式，与逻辑主语 human-made caves 构成被动关系，故用过去分词作定语。故填called。
41．
考查名词。句意：敦煌悠久而光荣的历史反映了它作为文化和宗教交流中心的重要意义。作宾语，表示“重要意义”应用名词significance，不可数。故填significance。
42．
考查强调句。句意：直到1900年，它们才被重新发现。分析句子结构可知此处为强调句句型“It is/ was nt until + 被强调部分 + that + 其它”，此处强调1900，故填that。
43．
考查冠词。句意：20世纪80年代，中国成立了敦煌研究院，目的是收集和保存手稿；国际敦煌项目成立于1994年，旨在将国际学者聚集在一起，共同研究敦煌藏品。结合句意表示“20世纪80年代”短语为in the 1980s。故填the。
44．
考查非谓语动词。句意：20世纪80年代，中国成立了敦煌研究院，目的是收集和保存手稿；国际敦煌项目成立于1994年，旨在将国际学者聚集在一起，共同研究敦煌藏品。分析句子结构可知bring在句中应用非谓语动词形式，此处作目的状语，故用不定式。故填t bring。
45．
考查名词的数。句意：20世纪80年代，中国成立了敦煌研究院，目的是收集和保存手稿；国际敦煌项目成立于1994年，旨在将国际学者聚集在一起，共同研究敦煌藏品。cllectin为可数名词，表示“敦煌藏品”数量大于一应用复数形式。故填cllectins。
46．interactin
47．emplyed
48．demnstrate
49．assess
50．witnessed
51．implied
52．distinguish
【解析】
46．
考查名词。句意：当我们想到非语言行为或肢体语言时，我们想到的是交流。画线词cmmunicatin表示“交流”，可用名词interactin替换。故填interactin。
47．
考查动词。句意：追踪北极熊数量的现代方法直到20世纪80年代中期才开始使用。画线词used表示“使用”，可用emply替换，且为过去完成时的被动语态。故填emplyed。
48．
考查动词。句意：在日本，当与年长的人交谈时，向下看可能表示尊重。画线词display表示“表示”，可用动词demnstrate替换，may后跟动词原形。故填demnstrate。
49．
考查动词。句意：从某种意义上说，总是对决策的利弊进行判断是人类的天性。画线词judge表示“判断，评估”，可用动词assess替换，此处为不定式作真正主语。故填assess。
50．
考查动词。句意：几名记者目睹了这起事件，造成8人受伤。画线词saw表示“目击”，可用动词witness替换，此处为一般过去时。故填witnessed。
51．
考查动词。句意：老师的微笑表明她已经原谅了学生们。画线词suggested表示“表明”，可用动词imply替换，此处为一般过去时。故填implied。
52．
考查动词。句意：开源讨论使得用户很难分辨真实和谣言之间的区别。画线短语recgnize the difference表示“区别”，可用动词distinguish替换，且为make it adj. fr sb. t d sth.结构。故填distinguish。
53．stared at
54．Getting thrugh
55．apprve f
56．ccupying myself with
57．straighten up
58．be in favr f
59．By cntrast
60．make inferences
【解析】
53．
考查固定短语和时态。句意：她盯着那张照片，想知道她在哪儿见过它。根据后文the picture以及句意“盯着”可知应用短语stare at，结合语境应用一般过去时。故填stared at。
54．
考查固定短语和非谓语动词。句意：在三公里的拥堵的交通中，我花了将近25分钟。根据后文three kilmeters f heavy traffic以及句意可知应用短语get thrugh，此处作句子主语应用动名词形式，句首单词首字母要大写。故填Getting thrugh。
55．
考查固定短语。句意：她微微皱起眉头，表示她不赞成这个计划。根据后文the plan以及句意“赞成”可知应用短语apprve f，故填apprve f。
56．
考查固定短语和非谓语动词。句意：在长途旅行中，我通过观察其他乘客来消磨时间。根据后文bserving ther passengers以及句意“从事于……，忙于……”可知短语为ccupy neself with，作介词by的宾语应用动名词形式。故填ccupying myself with。
57．
考查固定短语。句意：当我们感到骄傲和强大时，我们通常会挺直身子，让自己变得更强大。根据后文t make urselves bigger以及句意“挺直身子”可知短语为straighten up，结合usually可知用一般现在时，主语为we，谓语用原形。故填straighten up。
58．
考查固定短语。句意：机会和成功往往青睐那些有准备的人。根据后文thse wh are ready以及句意“青睐”可知短语为be in favr f，且上文为短语tend t d sth.。故填be in favr f。
59．
考查固定短语。句意：大多数人工作是因为这是不可避免的。相比之下，有些人实际上很享受工作。根据后文there are sme peple wh actually enjy wrking.结合句意表示“相比之下”可知短语为by cntrast。句首单词首字母要大写。故填By cntrast。
60．
考查固定短语。句意：如果一篇文章没有直接表达什么，我们可以通过查看其中的线索来进行推断。根据后文by lking at the clues in it以及句意“推断”可知短语为make inferences，且can后跟动词原形。故填make inferences。
61．The key is using bdy language in a way that crrespnds t yur culture.
【详解】
考查时态和定语从句。此处主语为key；表示“使用肢体语言”应用动名词短语using bdy language，作表语；表示“……的方式”应用名词way，后跟that引导的定语从句；表示“与你所处的相应”短语为crrespnd t yur culture。句子应用一般现在时。故翻译为The key is using bdy language in a way that crrespnds t yur culture.
62．Sme students avid eye cntact with the teacher merely because they are afraid f being called n by the teacher t answer questins.
【详解】
考查固定短语和状语从句。此处主句主语为sme students；表示“避免与老师的眼神交流”翻译为avid eye cntact with the teacher；because引导原因状语从句，从句主语为they；表示“担心”短语为be afraid f；表示“被老师叫起来回答问题”翻译为be called n by the teacher t answer questins。句子应用一般现在时。故翻译为Sme students avid eye cntact with the teacher merely because they are afraid f being called n by the teacher t answer questins.
63．Using bdy language prperly can help yu vercme bstacles in cmmunicating with thers.
【详解】
考查动词，名词，副词，代词，介词和短语。考查“恰当地”应用副词prperly；考查“利用”应用动词use；考查“肢体语言”应用名词bdy language；考查“可以”应用情态动词can；考查“帮助”应用动词help；考查“你”应用代词yu；考查“克服”应用动词vercme；考查“与”应用介词with；考查“他人”应用代词thers；考查“交流”应用动词cmmunicate；考查“障碍”应用bstacle名词的复数形式，表示泛指。根据句子要求用-ing形式作主语，所以“利用肢体语言”就用动名词短语的形式做主语。故翻译为Using bdy language prperly can help yu vercme bstacles in cmmunicating with thers.
64．我们通过肢体语言进行评估和参考，根据这些判断，我们赞同一个人而不喜欢另一个人。
【详解】
考查句子结构。分析句子结构可知，这里是and连接的2个简单句构成的并列句结构。第一个小分句是主谓宾的结构，主语是We“我们”，谓语是make“做，进行”，宾语是assessments and references“评估和参考”，介词短语frm bdy language“通过肢体语言”做方式状语；第2个小分句是并列谓语的主谓宾结构，主语是we“我们”，谓语是apprve f“赞同”，宾语是ne persn“一个人”，并列谓语是dislike“不喜欢”，宾语是anther“另一个人”，介词短语accrding t these judgments“根据这些判断”做方式状语。故本句可翻译为：我们通过肢体语言进行评估和参考，根据这些判断，我们赞同一个人而不喜欢另一个人。
65．解释另一个人所表现出的迹象需要考虑整体情况。从这个意义上讲，它可以比作医生评估病人的病情。
【详解】
考查非谓语动词、定语从句和固定短语。第一句话为“that”引导的限制性定语从句，“Interpreting the signs”为动名词作主语，“Interpreting the signs that anther persn shws”意为“解释另一个人所表现出的迹象”，“requires cnsidering the whle picture”意为“需要考虑整体情况”，“In this sense”意为“从这个意义上讲”，“it can be cmpared t a dctr evaluating a patient’s cnditin”意为“它可以比作医生评估病人的病情”。故本句可译为：解释另一个人所表现出的迹象需要考虑整体情况。从这个意义上讲，它可以比作医生评估病人的病情。
66．Paragraph 1:
We fund the man a cuple f aisles ver, and I apprached him. “Excuse me, sir? This is Nrah, and she’d like t knw if yu’d take a picture with her fr her birthday.” His expressin changed frm cnfused t stunned t delighted. “A picture? With me?” he asked. “Yes, fr my birthday!” Nrah pleaded. And he agreed. I pulled ut my iPhne, and they psed tgether. She placed her sft hand n tp f his hand. He wrdlessly stared at her with twinkling eyes as she kept his hand in hers and studied his skinny arms and weather-beaten hands. I asked his name and he tld us t call him Dan.
Paragraph 2:
After a few minutes, I thanked Mr. Dan fr spending a bit f time with us. Tears in his eyes, he said “N, thank yu. This is the best day I’ve had fr a lng time.” He turned t my daughter. “Yu’ve made me s happy, Miss Nrah.” They hugged tightly and they were chatting like lng-lst friends. There was magic happening in the grcery stre that day and I’d be lying t yu if I said I wasn’t weepy at that mment. I was sure his heart was tuched by my little girl and that he wuld never frget it.
【导语】
本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了作者的女儿Nrah对老人有着特殊的情感，想要帮助他们，在女儿生日这一天，她跟一位老人聊了起来，并和老人合了影。
【详解】
1.段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“我们在几条过道外找到了那个人，我向他走去。”可知，第一段可描写作者和女儿再次找到那个老人，并和他合影的经过。
②由第二段首句内容“几分钟后，我感谢Dan先生花时间与我们在一起。”可知，第二段可描写Dan先生对作者女儿的看法和内心感受。
2.续写线索：找到老人——和老人合影——老人感谢——老人被女儿感动
3.词汇激活
行为类
靠近：apprach/get clse t
拍照：take a picture / take a pht
放置：place/put
情绪类
感谢：thank/shw gratitude t
快乐：happy /jyful
【点睛】
[高分句型1] He wrdlessly stared at her with twinkling eyes as she kept his hand in hers and studied his skinny arms and weather-beaten hands. (运用了as引导时间状语从句)
[高分句型2] I was sure his heart was tuched by my little girl and that he wuld never frget it. (运用了that引导宾语从句)