江苏省徐州市2022-2023学年八年级下学期期末数学试题(含答案)
展开
这是一份江苏省徐州市2022-2023学年八年级下学期期末数学试题(含答案),共10页。试卷主要包含了选择题,三象限B.第一,解答题等内容,欢迎下载使用。
2022~2023学年度第二学期期末测试一八年级数学试题一、选择题(本大题共8小题,每小题3分,共24分.在每小题所给出的四个选项中,恰有一项是符合题目要求的)1.下列图形是我国国产品牌汽车的标识,在这些汽车标识中,是中心对称图形的是( )A. B. C. D.2.为了了解一批电视机的使用寿命,从中抽取100台电视机进行试验,这个问题的样本是( )A.这批电视机 B.这批电视机的使用寿命C.抽取的100台电视机 D.抽取的100台电视机的使用寿命3.已知反比例函数的图象经过点,则这个函数的图象位于( )A.第二、三象限 B.第一、三象限 C.第三、四象限 D.第二、四象限4.下列各式中属于最简二次根式的是( )A. B. C. D.5.下列事件中,是必然事件的是( )A.抛掷2枚骰子,都是6点朝上 B.任意画一个三角形,其内角和是360°C.13人中至少有2人的生日在同一个月 D.两直线被第三条直线所截,内错角相等6.如果把分式中的x和y都扩大为原来的2倍,那么分式的值( )A.扩大为原来的4倍 B.扩大为原来的2倍C.不变 D.缩小为原来的7.若、都在函数的图象上,且,则( )A. B. C. D.8.如图,在平面直角坐标系中,函数()与的图像交于点,则代数式的值为( )A. B. C.-2 D.2二、填空题(本大题共8小题,每小题4分,共32分.不需写出解答过程,直接写出答案)9.若二次根式有意义,则x的取值范围是_____________.10.当____________时,分式的值为零.11.如表记录了一名球员在罚球线上投篮的结果.那么,这名球员投篮一次,投中的概率约为___________(精确到0.1).投篮次数(n)50100150200250300500投中次数(m)286078104123152251投中频率(m/n)0.560.600.520.520.490.510.5012.从25名男生和20名女生中,随机抽取一名学生做代表,则男生做代表的可能性___________女生做代表的可能性(填写“>”、“<”、“=”)13.分式方程的解为_______________.14.如图,将正方形纸片沿折叠,使点B落在边上的中点处.若边,则的长等于_____________.15.如图,点4在双曲线上,点B在双曲线上,且轴,则的面积等于__________.16.如图,在正方形中,点E、F分别在边、上,且,,则___________°.三、解答题(本大题共9小题,共84分.解答时应写出文字说明、证明过程或演算步骤)17.(10分)计算:(1); (2)18.(10分)(1)计算:; (2)19.(7分)某中学为了解学生每天参加户外活动的情况,对部分学生每天参加户外活动的时进行了抽样调查,并将调查结果绘制作成如下两幅不完整的统计图,请根据图中信息解答下列问题:(1)本次调查一共抽取了_____________名学生,并补全频数分布直方图;(2)_________;(3)若该中学共有1000名学生,请估计该校每天参加户外活动的时间为2小时的学生人数.20.(7分)如图,已知,顶点、.(1)请画出绕坐标原点O顺时针旋转90°后得到的,并写出点B的对应点的坐标_______;(2)请直接写出:以O、A、B为顶点的平行四边形的第四个顶点C的坐标____________.21.(10分)如图,在矩形中,点E、F、G、H,分别是四边的中点;(1)判断四边形的形状,并给出理由;(2)当,时,四边形的面积等于____________.22.(8分)某学组织学生去离学校12千米的农场,早上8:00点从学校出发,到了农场休息整顿30分钟后,按原路返回,13:30到达学校,其中去农场时的速度是返回学校时速度的1.2倍,问去农场时的速度多少?23.(10分)如图,已知一次函数与反比例函数相交于点和点.(1)求一次函数和反比例函数的解析式;(2)观察图像,直接写出关于x的不等式的解集;(3)求的面积.24.(12分)如图,已知四边形为正方形,,点E为平面内一动点(不与点D重合),连接,以为边作正方形,连接.(1)如图1,当点E在对角线上移动时:①求证:;②探究:的值是否为定值?若是,请求出这个定值;若不是,请说明理由;③求证:点F在直线上.(2)如图2,连接,则的最小值等于_________________.25(10分)如图,一次函数的图像与反比例函数()的图像相交于点A,与x轴交于点B,与y轴交于点C,轴于点D,点C关于直线的对称点为点E,且点E在反比例函数的图像上.(1)求b的值;(2)连接、、,求证四边形为正方形;(3)若点P在y轴上,当最小时,求点P的坐标. 2022~2023学年度八下期末数学参考答案一、选择题题号12345678答案BDBBCDCA二、填空题9.; 10.2; 11.0.5; 12.>;13.; 14.3; 15.1; 16.61;三、解答题:17.(1)解:原式;··································································(4分).·················································································(5分)(2)解:原式;····································································(3分).·················································································(5分)18.(1)解:原式;··································································(3分).·················································································(5分)(2)解:;········································································(2分);················································································(4分).·················································································(5分)19.(1)50;12人;··································································(2分)(2)144;·········································································(4分)(3)解:(人)····································································(6分)答:每天参加户外活动的时间为2小时的学生有160人.·········································(7分)20.·················································································(2分)(1);···········································································(4分)(2)、、.·········································································(7分)21.(1)四边形为菱形.································································(1分)法1:连接、,······································································(2分)∵四边形为矩形,∴.···············································································(3分)∵点E、F、G、H,分别是四边的中点∴,,············································································(4分)∴,··············································································(5分)∴四边形为菱形.·····································································(6分)法2:∵四边形为矩形,∴,;.·················································································(3分)∵点E、F、G、H,分别是四边的中点∴,,∴,∴,··············································································(5分)∴四边形为菱形.·····································································(6分)(2)24.···········································································(10分)22.解:设学生返回学校时的速度为x千米/时.················································(1分)(小时),30分钟小时,(小时)·······················································(2分)根据题意得,·················································································(5分)解这个方程得:.检验:当时,,所以是方程的解且符合实际意义.·························································(7分)所以(千米/时).答:学生去农场时的速度为5.28千米/时.···················································(8分)23.解:(1)将代入得,,∴反比例函数解析式为.································································(2分)将代入得,,∴.将,代入得,解得:∴一次函数解析式为.·································································(4分)(2)或.···········································································(7分)(3)设一次函数与x轴交与点C,与y轴交与点D.则,,∴,··············································································(8分)∴·················································································(10分)24.(1)①证:∵四边形、四边形均为正方形,∴,,.············································································(2分)∴,即,··············································································(3分)∴.···············································································(4分)②的值为定值.∵,∴.∴.∵,∴,∴.···············································································(6分)③过点E分别做,,垂足分别为点P、点Q,连接.在和中∴················································································(8分)∴.∴,又∵,∴点F在直线.·······································································(10分)(3).·············································································(12分)25.解(1)因为点A、点C在一次函数的图像上,所以设,.因为点C、点E关于对称,所以.·············································································(1分)因为点A、点E在反比例函数()的图像上,所以所以所以因为,所以,所以.···································································(3分)(2)由(1)可求、、、.······························································(5分)易证四边形为正方形.·································································(6分)(3)由(1)可求点,且点B、点D关于y轴对称.设直线BE的表达式为(),将点、代入()得,解得,············································································(8分)所以直线的表达式为.点P为直线与y轴交点,所以.·············································································(10分)
相关试卷
这是一份江苏省徐州市沛县2022-2023学年八年级下学期期末数学试题(含答案),共7页。试卷主要包含了选择题,填空题,解答题等内容,欢迎下载使用。
这是一份江苏省徐州市沛县2022-2023学年七年级下学期期末数学试题(含答案),共7页。试卷主要包含了选择题,填空题,解答题等内容,欢迎下载使用。
这是一份江苏省徐州市2022-2023学年八年级下学期6月期末数学试题,共9页。