2023年四川省遂宁市高考英语一诊试卷含解析

这是一份2023年四川省遂宁市高考英语一诊试卷含解析，共24页。试卷主要包含了0分）等内容，欢迎下载使用。
2023年四川省遂宁市高考英语一诊试卷
学校:___________姓名：___________班级：___________考号：___________
题号
一
二
三
四
五
六
总分
得分







注意事项:
1.答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。
2.回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡对应题目的答案标号涂黑；如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在试卷上无效。
3.考试结束后，本试卷和答题卡一并交回。


第I卷（选择题）

一、阅读理解（本大题共15小题，共30.0分）
A
With globally famous literary festivals，specialty bookshops and a rich cultural well to draw from，Toronto is a literature lover's dream.
Here are two festivals.When Word on the Street was first held in Toronto in 1990，it was designed to celebrate Canada's rich literary culture.Now it's become the largest festival in the country devoted to books and magazines.It's free for attendees.Of course，you have to pay if you buy books here.Then，the contemporary-literature-focused Toronto International Festival of Authors （TIFA） will come next month-each October.TIFA Kids takes place at the same time，making for a literary escape for the whole family.
How about specialty bookshops？
Flying Books is a bookstore，book publisher and writing school founded by book editor Martha Sharpe.You can find Sharpe's selection of titles at The Good Neighbor Espresso Bar and the Gladstone House.Extend your literature experience from home with its virtual classes on criticism，journalism，memoir and more，taught by experienced Canadian authors.
Ben McNally Books （possibly the city's most beautiful bookstore） is in the east of the Financial District，whose owner is regularly on-site to assist you with recommendations.
Type Books across from green Trinity Bellwoods Park which is the perfect spot to read under the trees is co-owned by a former literature professor and best for general interest.
West end's Monkey's Paw，where you can find rare books，and unique finds，specializes in secondhand and ancient books.
Queen Books in Leslieville has an excellent kids' section where you can buy the latest children's books.
1. What do we know about Word on the Street？ ______
A. It has grown gradually. B. It is held each October.
C. It charges participants. D. It is of TIFA origin.
2. What can Flying Books help you do？ ______
A. Become a book editor faster.
B. Build up a personal library.
C. Get the free books from authors.
D. Improve your literary skills online.
3. Which bookstore will you go to find a good place to read after buying books？ ______
A. Queen Books. B. Ben McNally Books.
C. Type Books. D. Monkey's Paw.
B
Ouarzazate is a desert town at the foot of the Atlas Mountains in Morocco，Africa，which attracts Hollywood and European film makers for its varied scenery and picture-perfect locations.Its Kasbah，with its redand brown mud houses and narrow streets，is one of these locations.It's been chosen by many US and British movie makers as a location for big-budget films such as Gladiators and Kingdom of Heaven.
The cinema has brought a lot to Ouarzazate，whose people may work as technicians，sound engineers or decorators，but they are mainly given unimportant roles as extras.Mbarka，her husband，and their five children have all appeared in Western films as extras.Mbarka has been in so many Hollywood films over thepast 20 years that she cannot remember most of them.She doesn't even know the name of the last one she appeared in.
"I was in the film for 15 days.My son，Azzedine，knows its name，" said Mbarka.It's unnecessary to remember that.After all，it's not that she likes the industry，but that she makes a living from it.
Kingdom of Heaven，a ﹩ 180 million US production，provided eight months of work for 2800 Ouarzazate people. "When the cinema comes here，people are happy， " said Azzedine who has appeared in movies since he was seven.When there's no movie in town，his mother sells sandwiches in the local market，but he doesn't seek any other job or go to school to improve his skills，not wanting to miss a film opportunity though he's not well paid.In fact，inexperienced Moroccan extras get as little as ﹩ 15 per day.Still，the money isn't bad considering the average salary in Ouarzazate is about ﹩ 6 a day.Those with experience earn more；they get about ﹩ 24 per day or as much as ﹩ 60.Inexperienced European extras，on the other hand，get about ﹩ 40 per day.This has led to complaints of discrimination by some Ouarzazate people.
4. What can be learnt about Mbarka？ ______
A. She is a senior extra. B. She loves making films.
C. She's left show business. D. She has been forgetful.
5. What does Azzedine do when there's no movie work？ ______
A. He learns hard to be a real actor.
B. He always goes out to work.
C. He deliberately remains jobless.
D. He helps his mother in a market.
6. What's Ouarzazate people's attitude to the arrival of the foreign film industry？ ______
A. Tolerant. B. Favorable. C. Unwilling. D. Carefree.
7. What is the author's purpose in writing the text？ ______
A. To promote two big-budget films.
B. To introduce the extras' situations.
C. To recommend an African Hollywood.
D. To call for an end to pay discrimination.
C
Bus stops across the United Kingdom （UK） and Europe are getting living roofs.They are called bee bus stops.
Bees and other pollinators （传粉者） like butterflies help grow plants，such as flowers，trees，and crops.When these insects visit flowers，they collect pollen — a yellow powder in the center of most flowers.
Without bees or other insects bringing pollen from one flower to another，many plants couldn't produceseeds or grow fruits or vegetables.But as humans have taken over more and more land for cities，roads，and farms，more natural areas have disappeared.The Wildlife Trusts，a group which works to protect wildlifein the UK，says that insect numbers there have dropped by 50% since 1970.
Then bee bus stops are born.The advertising company Clear Channel is working with the Wildlife Trustsand city governments to set up bee bus stops in cities across the UK.They are like ordinary bus shelters，but small gardens have been added to the roofs.The gardens are filled with flowers and plants chosen to attract bees and butterflies.Even though the gardens are small，together they add up to a much1 larger area.
Because the soil for the rooftop garden is heavy，especially when it rains，the bus shelters need to be .The rooftop gardens need to be cleaned about twice a year.But other than that，not much is needed to keep the gardens going.This summer was a little different，because of the extreme heat.
Clear Channel that already has similar bee bus stop programs in several countries in Europe is working with local governments to build at least 1，000 bee bus stops in the UK.Research shows that these bus stopsalong with many other steps taken to support pollinators，are helping.After decades of dropping numbersbee populations in Europe have become more stable over the last few years.
8. What is paragraph 2 mainly about concerning pollinators？ ______
A. Their ways of life. B. Their importance.
C. Their daily behavior. D. Their living environment.
9. What are bee bus stops intended for？ ______
A. Beautifying the crowded cities.
B. Offering insects islands of nature.
C. Introducing eco-friendly products.
D. Drawing attention to climate change.
10. What does the underlined word "sturdy" in paragraph 4 mean？ ______
A. Strong. B. Large. C. Clean. D. Attractive.
11. Which of the following best describes the bee bus stop program？ ______
A. Costly. B. Controversial. C. Demanding. D. Successful.
D
For years，doctors have given blood to patients who need it to survive.These transfusions usually include giving red blood cells to patients.
Blood transfusions aren't as simple as taking blood from one person and giving it to someone else.There're several different blood types that don't all mix well.If someone gets a transfusion of the wrong kind of blood，their body will reject the blood cells，causing problems.For the first time ever，scientists from the University of Bristol，Britain，are carrying out a new trail：testing red blood cells grown in a laboratory on human volunteers.The scientists have used stem cells （干细胞） from a blood sample to grow billions of brand new red blood cells.
This could be even better than a regular blood transfusion.For one thing，they can be adjusted for people with different blood types.That'll be extremely helpful for people with rare blood types.Also，a normal transfusion has red blood cells of all different ages，which means only a small part of them are brand new.The red blood cells grown in the lab are brand new，and this means they last longer and that patients will need fewer transfusions.
To test its safety，researchers have given a couple of teaspoons of the blood to two healthy people，both of whom seem to be doing just fine after the transfusions.In all，they'll be tested on 10 people，and compared to normal transfusions.The new process doesn't indicate that normal blood transfusions will disappear.Meanwhile，growing red blood cells in a lab is extremely expensive.And a lot of work and testing still need to be done.But if it's successful，the process could make life much easier for patients who often need transfusions-even those with rare blood types.
12. What is special about the red blood cells in the experiment？ ______
A. They're given by those with rare blood types.
B. They're collected from seriously ill patients.
C. They're specifically for a single blood type.
D. They've never existed in any human bodies.
13. What is the disadvantage of normal blood transfusion？ ______
A. Blood reserves are often inadequate.
B. It often takes the patient a lot of time.
C. Most normal blood cells don't live long.
D. It's unfit for those with rare blood types.
14. What can be inferred about the new process of red blood cells？ ______
A. It will have a long way to go.
B. It'll replace normal transfusions.
C. It will separate rare blood types.
D. It'll reduce blood research costs.
15. Which can be a suitable title for the text？ ______
A. Blood Transfusions Get Easier
B. Rare Blood Types Are Not Rare
C. Rare Blood Cells Need Donating
D. Scientists Test Lab-created Blood

二、阅读七选五（本大题共5小题，共10.0分）
A microscope is a scientific instrument that reveals objects which are normally too small for the human eyes to see.Microscopes use several lenses（镜片） to provide a large image of a tiny object and they have been important in the study of biology.
(1) .People noticed that single lenses could make objects larger and also that they could focus the sun's rays to start a fire.These early lenses were called burning glasses.This led to the development of eye-glasses or spectacles in the early 1300s.
In the late 1500s，two Dutch spectacle makers，Hans and Zaccharias Janssen，invented the first true microscope. (2) ，and they were surprised to discover that they could make objects look many times bigger.Galileo，an Italian scientist，improved the quality of the lenses to produce better quality microscopes and telescopes.
Anthony Leeuwenhoek（1632-1723）and Robert Hooke（1635-1703）were two early users of the microscope. (3) .Leeuwenhoek discovered bacteria and showed how a drop of water is full of living creatures.Robert Hooke wrote a book Micrographia which described this new world of micro- organisms with drawings that amazed the world.
For two hundred years，there was little development of the microscope until new industrial techniques produced accurate and powerful lenses. (4) ， so they were often inaccurate.In the early twentieth century，the USA and Germany produced powerful microscopes in large numbers for export around the world.
Nowadays，scientists still use microscopes that use light to see small objects such as cells and micro-organisms. (5) .These electron microscopes have a magnification（放大） of a million times and now we can see molecules（分子）and atoms.

A．They used several lenses together in a tube
B．Microscopes were expensive in their early days
C．Before this time，people made the lenses by hand
D．They made many important discoveries for mankind by using it
E．The word microscope comes from the New Latin word microscopium
F．But they also have so powerful microscopes that use a different technology
G．The discovery of glass over 2000 years ago led to early experiments with lenses

16.  A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G H. H
17.  A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G H. H
18.  A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G H. H
19.  A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G H. H
20.  A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G H. H

三、完形填空（本大题共20小题，共30.0分）
Fritz Sam was driving his Uber car when he picked up Jemimah Wei，who was on her way to LaGuardia Airport. (21)Brooklyn's Bed-Stuy neighborhood，Fritz saw a building on fire.
He asked Jemimah if she'd mind him pulling over to check it out.With Jemimah's(22)，he went out to help.
Outside of the building a crowd had (23)，and Fritz joined them in calling for the people inside to come out.And when someone said two people were (24)inside，he was faced with the (25) of staying safe out on the sidewalk or running into the (26) building to help those that remained.
Fritz chose the latter.He (27)entered the smoke-filled building and went up the stairs.Then，he met one man who said he would (28)the instant he picked up something (29) .So Fritz made a mental note that he'd (30)the man before heading out of the building.Going up another set of stairs，he (31)a woman who was too(32) to move.He hurried forward to (33)her and headed downstairs.Before heading out himself，Fritz listened for the man he'd (34)seen.When he heard movement down the stairs，he ran back and rushed the man to the (35)Back inside the car，Fritz got Jemimah to the (36)， and all in time to catch her flight.When landing，she (37)photos of the burning building on a social networking website to (38)her Uber hero.Jemimah's thread caught the (39) of millions，making him so popular.Because of his (40)Uber has decided to cover his vehicle rental fees for a year.
21.  A. Driving through B. Looking for
C. Talking about D. Moving around
22.  A. payment B. direction C. permission D. urgency
23.  A. hesitated B. gathered C. passed D. moved
24.  A. still B. already C. even D. once
25.  A. comparison B. comment C. sacrifice D. decision
26.  A. strange B. crowded C. dangerous D. quiet
27.  A. randomly B. quickly C. finally D. patiently
28.  A. leave B. shout C. return D. relax
29.  A. extra B. valuable C. safe D. large
30.  A. communicate with B. depend on
C. agree with D. check on
31.  A. remembered B. stopped C. saw D. chose
32.  A. angry B. embarrassed C. regretful D. frightened
33.  A. impress B. support C. convince D. control
34.  A. previously B. frequently C. eventually D. secretly
35.  A. center B. space C. front D. entrance
36.  A. border B. harbor C. airport D. station
37.  A. developed B. posted C. found D. selected
38.  A. confirm B. surprise C. comfort D. praise
39.  A. attention B. attraction C. adaptation D. explanation
40.  A. desire B. talent C. bravery D. responsibility
第II卷（非选择题）
四、语法填空（本大题共1小题，共15.0分）
41. 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
The Japanese branch of the Chinese Literature Readers' Club was established at the China Cultural Center in Tokyo (1) September，2022.
The event had Chinese sci-fi writers Wang Jinkang，Bao Shu，and Qi Yue，alongside Japanese sci-fi writer Taiyo Fujii and Nozomi Oomori，the Japanese (2) （ translate） of Liu Cixin's The Three- Body Problem，as guest speakers to talk about their sci-fi creations (3) the development trend of sci-fi.
Shi Yongjing，cultural counselor（参赞）at the Chinese embassy in Japan，said that "both China and Japan have a long history of translating each (4) （ other） cultural works".The club will provide a new platform for Japanese readers (5) （ learn） about contemporary China，she said.
During the event， (6) ran for more than two hours，three Chinese writers shared stories about how they became sci-fi writers. (7) （ start） from Chinese writer Lao She's Cat Country，Japanese guest speakers talked about their (8) （ joy） experiences of reading Chinese science fiction.For them，Chinese sci-fi literature (9) （ develop） quickly in the last 10 years，and works like The Three- Body Problem have attracted many Japanese readers.
In recent years，on average，China has (10) （ annual） published more than 500 sci-fi novels.In 2023，Chengdu in Southwest China's Sichuan province will host the 81st World Science Fiction Convention.
(1)
(2)
(3)
(4)
(5)
(6)
(7)
(8)
(9)
(10)
五、短文改错（本大题共1小题，共10.0分）
42. 假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（^），并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除：把多余的词用斜线（\）划掉。
修改：在错的词下画一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意：（1）每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
（2）只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。
My uncle and his family are living in Florida，America.Last summer，my mother and I flew see them from China.During the time，my uncle took us to many places.We visit the zoo at Dreher Park.There，we saw the number of animals.I real enjoyed the monkeys that made face at us.We went to the Florida Science Museum where there're many interested collections.We even enjoyed windsurfing at West Palm Beach，which it was extremely amazing!To my delighted，I made a new friend who is a high school student like me and live next door to my uncle.Now they often send emails to each other to exchange our learning methods.
(1)
(2)
六、书面表达（本大题共1小题，共25.0分）
43. 假定你是学校英语俱乐部负责人，你们邀请校友李华到校以"我的成长经历"为主题给高三学生做英语励志演讲（English Inspirational Speech），请你用英语写一则书面通知，内容包括：
（1）时间地点；
（2）活动安排；
（3）表达希望。
注意：（ 1）词数100左右；通知格式已为你写好；
（2）可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
Boys and girls，
      
The English Club
答案和解析

1~3.【答案】A、D、C
【解析】（1）细节理解题。根据第二段中的When Word on the Street was first held in Toronto in 1990，it was designed to celebrate Canada's rich literary culture.Now it's become the largest festival in the country devoted to books and magazines.（1990年，当"Word on the Street "首次在多伦多举办时，它旨在庆祝加拿大丰富的文学文化。现在，它已成为该国最大的图书和杂志节。）可知，Word on the Street是逐渐成长的。故选A。
（2）细节理解题。根据第四段中的You can find Sharpe's selection of titles at The Good Neighbor Espresso Bar and the Gladstone House.Extend your literature experience from home with its virtual classes on criticism，journalism，memoir and more，taught by experienced Canadian authors.（你可以在The Good Neighbor Espresso酒吧和Gladstone House找到Sharpe的精选作品。通过由经验丰富的加拿大作家教授的评论、新闻、回忆录等虚拟课程，扩展您在家的文学体验。）可知，Flying Books可以帮助你在线提高文学技能。故选D。
（3）细节理解题。根据第六段Type Books across from green Trinity Bellwoods Park which is the perfect spot to read under the trees is co-owned by a former literature professor and best for general interest.（绿色的Trinity Bellwoods公园对面的Type Books，是在树下阅读的最佳地点，由一位前文学教授共同拥有，最适合大众阅读。）可知，买完书后，你可以去Type Books找个地方看书。故选C。
本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了多伦多一些特色书店的情况。
1．直接信息题：直接信息题是指能够直接从原文中找到信息，选项在语言表达上与原文基本一致的题目。2．间接信息题：间接信息题是能够从原文中找到信息，但在语言表达上与原文有差异，做题时需要对原文信息进行转换。3．综合信息题：综合信息题是指这类题目所涉及的信息不是原文的某一句话，可能是原文的几句话，或者是散落在文章不同的地方，要求学生把原文所提供的信息综合起来分析，而不能断章取义。

4~7.【答案】A、C、B、B
【解析】（1）细节理解题。由本文第二段中的Mbarka，her husband，and their five children have all appeared in Western films as extras.（ Mbarka和她的丈夫以及他们的五个孩子都曾在西方电影中担任临时演员。）可知Mbarka是临时演员。故选A。
（2）细节理解题。由本文最后一段中的When there's no movie in town，his mother sells sandwiches in the local market，but he doesn't seek any other job or go to school to improve his skills，not wanting to miss a film opportunity though he's not well paid.（当镇上没有电影的时候，他的母亲就在当地市场卖三明治，但他不去找其他工作，也不去学校提高自己的技能，不想错过一个电影机会，尽管他的收入不高。）可知没有电影可演的时候，Azzedine存心保持失业的状态以免错过演电影的机会。故选C。
（3）观点态度题。由本文最后一段中的Those with experience earn more；they get about ＄24 per day or as much as ＄60.Inexperienced European extras，on the other hand，get about ＄40 per day.This has led to complaints of discrimination by some Ouarzazate people.（有经验的人挣得更多；他们每天的收入约为24美元，最高可达60美元。另一方面，没有经验的欧洲临时演员每天只能拿到40美元左右。这导致一些瓦尔扎扎人投诉歧视。）可知Ouarzazate人对外国电影产业的到来持支持态度。A．Tolerant.容忍的；B．Favorable.支持的；C．Unwilling.不愿意的；D．Carefree.无忧无虑的。故选B。
（4）写作意图题。由本文第二段The cinema has brought a lot to Ouarzazate，whose people may work as technicians，sound engineers or decorators，but they are mainly given unimportant roles as extras.（电影给瓦尔扎扎特带来了很多东西，那里的人可能是技术人员、音响工程师或装饰师，但他们主要被赋予不重要的角色，比如临时演员。）结合文章主要介绍了Ouarzazate当地一些临时演员的情况。可推知，作者写这篇文章的目的是介绍Ouarzazate群众演员的情况。故选B。
这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了Ouarzazate当地一些临时演员的情况。
阅读理解解题步骤：首先对原文材料迅速浏览，掌握全文的主旨大意，因为阅读理解题一般没有标题，所以，速读全文，抓住中心主旨很有必要，在速读的过程中，应尽可能多地捕获信息材料；其次细读题材，各个击破，掌握全文的大意之后，细细阅读每篇材料后的问题，弄清每题要求后，带着问题，再回到原文中去寻找、捕获有关信息，要善于抓住每段的主题句，阅读时，要有较强的针对性，对于捕获到的信息，要做认真分析，仔细推敲，理解透彻，只有这样，针对题目要求，才能做到稳、准。

8~11.【答案】B、B、A、D
【解析】（1）段落大意题。由本文第二段Bees and other pollinators （传粉者） like butterflies help grow plants，such as flowers，trees，and crops.When these insects visit flowers，they collect pollen — a yellow powder in the center of most flowers.（蜜蜂和蝴蝶等传粉者有助于植物的生长，如花、树和农作物。当这些昆虫拜访花朵时，它们会收集花粉---大多数花朵中心的一种黄色粉末。）可知第二段主要介绍了传粉者的重要性。故选B。
（2）推理判断题。由本文第三段Without bees or other insects bringing pollen from one flower to another，many plants couldn't produceseeds or grow fruits or vegetables.But as humans have taken over more and more land for cities，roads，and farms，more natural areas have disappeared.The Wildlife Trusts，a group which works to protect wildlifein the UK，says that insect numbers there have dropped by 50% since 1970.（如果没有蜜蜂或其他昆虫将花粉从一朵花带到另一朵花，许多植物就无法产生种子或种植水果或蔬菜。但随着人类占用越来越多的土地建设城市、道路和农场，越来越多的自然区域消失了。致力于保护英国野生动物的野生动物信托基金会表示，自1970年以来，英国昆虫的数量已经下降了50%。）可知蜜蜂和蝴蝶的自然区域少了；结合第四段Then bee bus stops are born.The advertising company Clear Channel is working with the Wildlife Trustsand city governments to set up bee bus stops in cities across the UK.They are like ordinary bus shelters，but small gardens have been added to the roofs.The gardens are filled with flowers and plants chosen to attract bees and butterflies.（然后蜜蜂公交站就诞生了。广告公司Clear Channel正与野生动物信托基金会和市政府合作，在英国各城市设立蜜蜂公交车站。它们就像普通的公共汽车候车亭，但屋顶上增加了小花园。花园里种满了花草，为的是吸引蜜蜂和蝴蝶。）可知蜜蜂巴士站的目的是为蜜蜂和蝴蝶提供自然区域。故选B。
（3）词句猜测题。由本文第五段Because the soil for the rooftop garden is heavy，especially when it rains，the bus shelters need to be        .（因为屋顶花园的土壤很重，尤其是在下雨的时候，公共汽车候车亭需要很______。）可知，候车亭需要很坚固结实才能经受雨水。由此推知，划线词sturdy意思是"坚固的"。A．Strong.坚固的；B．Large.大的；C．Clean.干净的；D．Attractive.有吸引力的。故选A。
（4）细节理解题。由本文最后一段Research shows that these bus stops，along with many other steps taken to support pollinators，are helping.After decades of dropping numbers，bee populations in Europe have become more stable over the last few years.（研究表明，这些巴士站以及为支持传粉者而采取的许多其他措施都有帮助。经过几十年的数量下降，欧洲的蜜蜂种群在过去几年中变得更加稳定。）可知，蜜蜂巴士站取得了成效。故选D。
本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了英国和欧洲的蜜蜂巴士站。
阅读理解解题步骤：首先对原文材料迅速浏览，掌握全文的主旨大意，因为阅读理解题一般没有标题，所以，速读全文，抓住中心主旨很有必要，在速读的过程中，应尽可能多地捕获信息材料；其次细读题材，各个击破，掌握全文的大意之后，细细阅读每篇材料后的问题，弄清每题要求后，带着问题，再回到原文中去寻找、捕获有关信息，要善于抓住每段的主题句，阅读时，要有较强的针对性，对于捕获到的信息，要做认真分析，仔细推敲，理解透彻，只有这样，针对题目要求，才能做到稳、准。

12~15.【答案】D、C、A、D
【解析】（1）细节理解题。根据第二段中的For the first time ever，scientists from the University of Bristol，Britain，are carrying out a new trail：testing red blood cells grown in a laboratory on human volunteers.The scientists have used stem cells （干细胞） from a blood sample to grow billions of brand new red blood cells.（英国布里斯托大学的科学家首次开展了一项新的试验：在人体志愿者身上测试实验室中培养的红细胞。科学家们利用血液样本中的干细胞培养出数十亿个全新的红细胞，这是有史以来的第一次。）可知，这些红细胞是在实验室中培养生长的，而不是在人体内，这是它的特别之处。故选D。
（2）细节理解题。根据第三段中的The red blood cells grown in the lab are brand new，and this means they last longer and that patients will need fewer transfusions.（在实验室中生长的红细胞是全新的，这意味着它们的持续时间更长，患者需要的输血更少。）可知，常规的血细胞寿命不长。故选C。
（3）推理判断题。根据最后一段中的Meanwhile，growing red blood cells in a lab is extremely expensive.And a lot of work and testing still need to be done.（同时，在实验室中培养红细胞非常昂贵。还有很多工作和测试需要做。）可推知，红细胞的处理过程还有很远的路要走。故选A。
（4）标题归纳题。根据第一段中的For years，doctors have given blood to patients who need it to survive.These transfusions usually include giving red blood cells to patients.（多年来，医生一直为需要血液生存的患者提供血液。这些输血通常包括给患者提供红细胞。）以及第二段中的For the first time ever，scientists from the University of Bristol，Britain，are carrying out a new trail：testing red blood cells grown in a laboratory on human volunteers.The scientists have used stem cells（干细胞） from a blood sample to grow billions of brand new red blood cells. （英国布里斯托大学的科学家有史以来第一次在人类志愿者身上测试实验室中生长的红细胞。科学家们使用来自血液样本的干细胞来培养数十亿个全新的红细胞。）可知，本文主要讲述的是科学家在实验室研发的一种红细胞输血方式。由此可知，D项"科学家测试实验室创造的血液"可作为本文的最佳标题。故选D。
本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍的是一种新的给患者输血的方式，即给患者提供红细胞，这种输血方式一旦成功，将会使得经常输血的患者，即使是那些具有稀有血型的患者的生活变的轻松。
1．直接信息题：直接信息题是指能够直接从原文中找到信息，选项在语言表达上与原文基本一致的题目。2．间接信息题：间接信息题是能够从原文中找到信息，但在语言表达上与原文有差异，做题时需要对原文信息进行转换。3．综合信息题：综合信息题是指这类题目所涉及的信息不是原文的某一句话，可能是原文的几句话，或者是散落在文章不同的地方，要求学生把原文所提供的信息综合起来分析，而不能断章取义。

16~20.【答案】G、A、D、C、F
【解析】（1）推理判断题。根据后文的People noticed that single lenses could make objects larger and also that they could focus the sun's rays to start a fire.These early lenses were called burning glasses. （人们注意到单透镜可以使物体变大，还可以集中太阳光来生火。这些早期的镜片被称为燃烧镜。）可知，此处强调的是早期的显微镜镜片的作用。G选项"The discovery of glass over 2000 years ago led to early experiments with lenses（2000多年前玻璃的发现导致了早期的透镜实验。）"引起下文，符合语境，强调了2000多年前的显微镜镜片是由玻璃制作而成。故选G。
（2）推理判断题。根据前文的In the late 1500s，two Dutch spectacle makers，Hans and Zaccharias Janssen，invented the first true microscope. （16世纪晚期，两位荷兰眼镜制造商汉斯和扎克尼亚斯•杨森发明了第一台真正的显微镜。）可知，此处提到了第一台真正的显微镜，设空处应该介绍该显微镜的使用原理。A选项"They used several lenses together in a tube.（他们把几个透镜放在一个管子里。）"中的they指代前文的汉斯和扎克尼亚斯•杨森，符合语境。故选A。
（3）推理判断题。根据后文的Leeuwenhoek discovered bacteria and showed how a drop of water is full of living creatures. （列文虎克发现了细菌，并展示了一滴水是如何充满生物的。）可知，此处强调列文虎克使用显微镜做出了怎样的发现。D选项"They made many important discoveries for mankind by using it.（他们利用它为人类做出了许多重要的发现。）"中的"许多重要的发现"即为下文的"一滴水是如何充满生物的"。故选D。
（4）推理判断题。根据后文的so they were often inaccurate.（所以它们经常是不准确的。）可知，前文应该交代显微镜不准确的原因。C选项"Before this time，people made the lenses by hand.（在此之前，人们手工制作镜片。）"指出了由于人们是手工制作镜片，所以显微镜总是不准确的。故选C。
（5）推理判断题。根据后文的These electron microscopes have a magnification（放大） of a million times and now we can see molecules（分子）and atoms.（这些电子显微镜可以放大一百万倍，现在我们可以看到分子和原子。）可知空前应该电子显微镜强大功效，即指出除了常规显微镜，当前应用的可以放大一百万倍的应用于不同技术的强大显微镜。F选项"But they also have so powerful microscopes that use a different technology.（但他们也有使用不同技术的强大显微镜）"符合语境。故选F。
本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了显微镜是一种科学仪器，同时介绍了显微镜镜片的发展史，其在生物学研究中一直很重要。
七选五阅读是完成性阅读，和完形填空很类似，不同的是一个选词，一个选句子。解题时，要注意上下文语境，充分考虑信息词（选项中和空格前后句子中相同或相近的词），选出最符合语境的句子。

21~40.【答案】A、C、B、A、D、C、B、A、B、D、C、D、B、A、D、C、B、D、A、C
【解析】（1）考查动词短语及语境理解。A.Driving through开车经过；B.Looking for寻找；C.Talking about谈论；D.Moving around移动。句意：弗里茨开车经过布鲁克林的Bed-Stuy社区时，看到一栋建筑着火了。根据上文"Fritz Sam was driving his Uber car"可知，此处是开车经过。故选A。
（2）考查名词及语境理解。A.payment支付；B.direction方向；C.permission允许；D.urgency紧急。句意：杰迈玛同意后，他出去帮忙。根据后文"he went out to help."可知，此处得到了允许。故选C。
（3）考查动词及语境理解。A.hesitated犹豫；B.gathered聚集；C.passed通过；D.moved移动。句意：大楼外面聚集了一群人，弗里茨和他们一起呼吁里面的人出来。根据上文"Outside of the building a crowd had"以及上文提到建筑着火可知，此处是聚集了人群。故选B。
（4）考查副词及语境理解。A.still还；B.already已经；C.even甚至；D.once立即。句意：当有人说有两个人还在里面时，他面临着一个决定，是在外面的人行道上保持安全，还是冲进危险的建筑物去帮助那些还在里面的人。根据后文"building to help those that remained"可知，里面还有人。故选A。
（5）考查名词及语境理解。A.comparison比较；B.comment评论；C.sacrifice牺牲；D.decision决定。句意：当有人说有两个人还在里面时，他面临着一个决定，是在外面的人行道上保持安全，还是冲进危险的建筑物去帮助那些还在里面的人。根据后文"of staying safe out on the sidewalk or running into the"可知，此处指面临呆在外面还是进去的决定。故选D。
（6）考查形容词及语境理解。A.strange奇怪的；B.crowded拥挤的；C.dangerous危险的；D.quiet安静的。句意：当有人说有两个人还在里面时，他面临着一个决定，是在外面的人行道上保持安全，还是冲进危险的建筑物去帮助那些还在里面的人。结合上文可知，建筑着火了，所以是危险的。故选C。
（7）考查副词及语境理解。A.randomly随机地；B.quickly快速地；C.finally终于；D.patiently耐心地。句意：他迅速走进烟雾弥漫的大楼，上了楼梯。根据后文"entered the smoke-filled building and went up the stairs"以及建筑物着火可知，此处是迅速进入。故选B。
（8）考查动词及语境理解。A.leave离开；B.shout叫喊；C.return返回；D.relax放松。句意：后来，他遇到了一个人，那个人说他一拿到值钱的东西就离开。上文提到建筑着火了，所以是拿到值钱的东西就离开。故选A。
（9）考查形容词及语境理解。A.extra额外的；B.valuable宝贵的；C.safe安全的；D.large大的。句意：后来，他遇到了一个人，那个人说他一拿到值钱的东西就离开。根据上文"he picked up something"指拿到值钱的东西。故选B。
（10）考查动词短语及语境理解。A.communicate with交流；B.depend on依赖；C.agree with同意；D.check on检查。句意：所以弗里茨在心里记着，他要在出大楼之前检查一下那个人。根据后文"the man before heading out of the building"可知，他要在出大楼之前检查一下那个人是否离开了。故选D。
（11）考查动词及语境理解。A.remembered记得；B.stopped停止；C.saw看见；D.chose选择。句意：上了另一段楼梯，他看见一个女人吓得动弹不得。根据宾语"a woman"可知，此处指看到一个女人。故选C。
（12）考查形容词及语境理解。A.angry生气的；B.embarrassed尴尬的；C.regretful后悔的；D.frightened害怕的。句意：上了另一段楼梯，他看见一个女人吓得动弹不得。根据后文"to move"以及too…to…表示"太……以至于不能"可知，女人太害怕了，不敢移动。故选D。
（13）考查动词及语境理解。A.impress使印象深刻；B.support支持；C.convince说服；D.control控制。句意：他急忙上前扶她，然后下楼去了。根据后文"her and headed downstairs"以及上文可知，女人不敢动，所以上前扶着女人。故选B。
（14）考查副词及语境理解。A.previously以前；B.frequently频繁地；C.eventually最后；D.secretly秘密地。句意：在他自己出门之前，弗里茨听着他之前见过的那个人。根据上文"the man before heading out of the building"可知，这里指他之前遇到的那个男人。故选A。
（15）考查名词及语境理解。A.center中心；B.space空间；C.front前面；D.entrance入口。句意：当他听到楼下有动静时，他跑回去，把那个人赶到门口。根据上文"he ran back and rushed the man to the"可知，他下楼是为了把那个拿东西的男人赶到门口，让他离开着火的建筑。故选D。
（16）考查名词及语境理解。A.border边界；B.harbor港口；C.airport机场；D.station车站。句意：回到车里，弗里茨把杰迈玛送到机场，及时赶上了她的航班。根据后文"and all in time to catch her flight"可知，此处是送到了机场。故选C。
（17）考查动词及语境理解。A.developed发展；B.posted发布；C.found找到；D.selected选择。句意：着陆后，她在社交网站上发布了大楼燃烧的照片，赞扬她的优步英雄。根据后文"photos of the burning building on a social networking website"可知，此处指在网上发布照片，应用动词post。故选B。
（18）考查动词及语境理解。A.confirm确认；B.surprise使惊讶；C.comfort安慰；D.praise赞美。句意：着陆后，她在社交网站上发布了大楼燃烧的照片，赞扬她的优步英雄。根据后文"her Uber hero"可知，发帖是为了赞美弗里茨。故选D。
（19）考查名词及语境理解。A.attention注意；B.attraction吸引；C.adaptation改编；D.explanation解释。句意：杰迈玛的帖子吸引了数百万人的注意，使他如此受欢迎。根据后文"of millions"可知，帖子吸引了很多人注意。故选A。
（20）考查名词及语境理解。A.desire渴望；B.talent才能；C.bravery勇敢；D.responsibility责任。句意：由于他的勇敢，优步决定支付他一年的租车费用。根据上文"her Uber hero"以及弗里茨救人的事迹可知，弗里茨很勇敢。故选C。
这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了优步司机Fritz Sam在送人到机场的途中，冲进着火的建筑物救人的故事。
做完形填空首先要通读全文，了解大意。一篇完形填空的文章有许多空格，所以，必须先通读一至两遍，才能大概了解文章的内容。千万不要看一句，做一句。其次要逐句分析，前后一致。选择答案时，要考虑整个句子的内容，包括搭配、时态、语法等。答案全部填完后，再通读一遍文章，检查是否通顺流畅了，用词得当，意思正确。

41.【答案】【小题1】in
【小题2】translator
【小题3】and
【小题4】other's
【小题5】to learn
【小题6】which
【小题7】Starting
【小题8】joyful
【小题9】has developed
【小题10】annually
【解析】（1）考查介词。句意：2022年9月，中国文学读者俱乐部日本分会在东京中国文化中心成立。介词in用于具体的年月前，表示"在2022年9月"。故填in。
（2）考查可数名词的单数。句意：本次活动邀请了中国科幻作家王金康、鲍树、齐悦，以及日本科幻作家藤井泰洋、刘慈欣《三体》日文译者大森希作为演讲嘉宾，畅谈他们的科幻创作和科幻发展趋势。此处应为上文Nozomi Oomori的同位语，所以填名词单数，结合句意可知，此处为"翻译者"。故填translator。
（3）考查连词。句意：本次活动邀请了中国科幻作家王金康、鲍树、齐悦，以及日本科幻作家藤井泰洋、刘慈欣《三体》日文译者大森希作为演讲嘉宾，畅谈他们的科幻创作和科幻发展趋势。此处为并列连词连接their sci-fi creations和 the development trend of sci-fi作talk about 的宾语。故填and。
（4）考查代词。句意：中国驻日本大使馆参赞史永静表示，"中日两国在翻译彼此的文化作品方面有着悠久的历史"。表示两者"彼此的"应为each other's修饰名词cultural works。故填other's。
（5）考查动词不定式。句意：她说，该俱乐部将为日本读者提供一个了解当代中国的新平台。此处应为不定式结构作目的状语。故填to learn。
（6）考查定语从句。句意：在持续两个多小时的活动中，三位中国作家分享了他们如何成为科幻作家的故事。此处为连词引导的非限制性定语从句，从句中缺少主语应填关系代词，先行词为the event。故填which。
（7）考查现在分词。句意：从中国作家老舍的猫国开始，日本演讲嘉宾讲述了他们阅读中国科幻小说的快乐经历。此处为非谓语动词作状语，start与其逻辑主语Japanese guest speakers为主动关系，且与谓语动词talked about同时发生，所以使用现在分词作状语，且位于句首，首字母要大写。故填Starting。
（8）考查形容词。句意：从中国作家老舍的猫国开始，日本演讲嘉宾讲述了他们阅读中国科幻小说的快乐经历。此处为形容词作定语，joy的形容词为joyful意为"快乐的"。故填joyful。
（9）考查动词时态和主谓一致。句意：对他们来说，中国科幻文学近10年来发展迅速，《三体》等作品吸引了许多日本读者。此处应填谓语动词形式，in the last 10 years用于现在完成时态，结合句意可知，提示词develop与主语Chinese sci-fi literature为主动关系，表示状态，主语是名词单数。故填has developed。
（10）考查副词。句意：近年来，中国平均每年出版500多部科幻小说。此处为副词作状语，修饰谓语动词has published。故填annually。
本文是一篇说明文。介绍的是中国文学读者俱乐部日本分会在东京中国文化中心成立的情况，在会上三位受邀的中国作家分享了中国科幻小说的发展情况。
做本题的关键是在理解短文的基础上，灵活运用所学的基础知识。本类型的题目常考到的知识点有：固定的短语，词类的转换，名词的复数形式，副词以及祈使句的用法等。因此，这就需要在平时的学习中，牢固掌握各语言点及一些语法知识。

42.【答案】【小题1】My uncle and his family are living in Florida，America.Last summer，my mother and I flew ∧see them from China.During the time，my uncle took us to many places.We         the zoo at Dreher Park.There，we saw         number of animals.I         enjoyed the monkeys that made         at us.We went to the Florida Science Museum where there're many         collections.We even enjoyed windsurfing at West Palm Beach，which it was extremely amazing!To my        ，I made a new friend who is a high school student like me and         next door to my uncle.Now         often send emails to each other to exchange our learning methods.
【详解】
1.考查不定式。句意：去年夏天，我和妈妈从中国坐飞机去看他们。动词see在句中作目的状语，应用不定式。故flew后添加to。
2.考查时态。句意：我们参观了德雷尔公园的动物园。描述过去发生的事情应用一般过去时。故visit改为visited。
3.考查固定短语。句意：在那里，我们看到了许多动物。后跟复数名词，表示"许多"应用a number of。故the改为a。
4.考查副词。句意：我很喜欢那些对我们做鬼脸的猴子。修饰动词enjoy应用副词really。故real改为really。
5.考查名词的数。句意：我很喜欢那些对我们做鬼脸的猴子。短语make faces表示"做鬼脸"。故face改为faces。
6.考查形容词。句意：我们去了佛罗里达科学博物馆，那里有很多有趣的藏品。修饰名词collections应用-ing结尾形容词interesting。故interested改为interesting。
7.考查定语从句。句意：我们甚至在西棕榈滩享受了风帆冲浪，这是非常惊人的！此处为非限制性定语从句修饰先行词windsurfing，在从句中作主语，由which替代，不需要代词it。故删除it。
8.考查名词。句意：令我高兴的是，我交了一个新朋友，他是一个和我一样的高中生，住在我叔叔的隔壁。短语to one's delight表示"令某人高兴的是"。故delighted改为delight。
9.考查主谓一致。句意：令我高兴的是，我交了一个新朋友，他是一个和我一样的高中生，住在我叔叔的隔壁。定语从句修饰先行词friend，在从句中作主语，结合上文is可知为一般现在时，故谓语用第三人称单数形式。故live改为lives。
10.考查代词。句意：现在我们经常互相发邮件交流我们的学习方法。此处指作者和新朋友，即"我们"应用代词we。故they改为we。
【小题2】略
【解析】这是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了作者和妈妈去美国舅舅家玩的经历。
短文改错时要注意以下几点：1.快速阅读，整体把握短文大意；2.重视语境以及上下文的关系；3.充分运用基础语言知识找出错误所在。

43.【答案】Boys and girls，
To enrich the after-class activities of senior three students，the school English Club is going to hold an English inspirational speech activity themed "My Growth Experience" in the school lecture hall from 3 to 5 this Friday afternoon.The activity is arranged as follows.（时间地点）
We have invited Li Hua，a schoolmate who graduated from Peking University，to deliver a speech，in which he'll introduce his own experience of how he changed from a student who did not love learning to a super learner.【高分句型二】After the speech，there's a question-and-answer session.He'll answer the questions raised by the audience.（活动安排）
All senior three students are welcome to attend on time，and we believe you'll certainly get something from the activity.（希望）
The English Club
【解析】高分句型一
To enrich the after-class activities of senior three students，the school English Club is going to hold an English inspirational speech activity themed "My Growth Experience" in the school lecture hall from 3 to 5 this Friday afternoon.
翻译：为了丰富高三学生的课外活动，学校英语俱乐部将于本周五下午3点至5点在学校报告厅举办以"我的成长经历"为主题的英语励志演讲活动。
分析：运用了不定式作状语短语To enrich the after-class activities of senior three students以及过去分词themed作后置定语。
高分句型二
We have invited Li Hua，a schoolmate who graduated from Peking University，to deliver a speech，in which he'll introduce his own experience of how he changed from a student who did not love learning to a super learner.
翻译：我们邀请了一位毕业于北京大学的同学李华来做演讲，他将介绍自己如何从一个不爱学习的学生变成一个超级学习者的经历。
分析：运用了who和介词+关系代词引导定语从句，不定式短语to deliver a speech作宾语补足语，how引导的宾语从句。
提纲作文在写作时要注意内容是否包含了所有要点。写作时注意准确运用时态，上下文意思连贯，符合逻辑关系，尽量使用自己熟悉的单词句式，同时也要注意使用高级词汇和高级句型使文章显得更有档次，平时需注意积累短语和重要句型。