2023年中考英语时态复习之过去完成时讲义

这是一份2023年中考英语时态复习之过去完成时讲义，共8页。试卷主要包含了过去完成时的构成，过去完成时的用法，过去完成时的搭档，不用过去完成时的情况等内容，欢迎下载使用。
2023中考英语时态复习之过去完成时     任何时态都是“时间”与“动作的意义”的结合。过去完成时的时间很明显是“过去”；它的动作意义就是已经发生，换句话说，过去完成时表示在过去某一个时间以前或过去某一动作以前已经完成的动作或存在的状态。一、过去完成时的构成“助动词had +动词的过去分词”。had 没有人称和数的变化，疑问句是把had 提到句首；否定句是在had 后面加not，had not 可以缩写成hadn’t。例如：We had learned 10 English songs by the end of last year. 到去年底为止我们已经学了十首英文歌曲。二、过去完成时的用法1、表示过去某一时间或动作之前已经发生或完成的动作，并产生了某种影响或结果。例如：Before 12 o’clock last night he had still watched TV. 昨天晚上12点以前，他还在看电视。By the time she reached there, the rain had stopped. 到她到那儿时，雨已经停了。2、过去完成时还可以表示由过去某一时间开始，一直延续到过去另一时间的动作或状态。常和for 和since 构成的短语或since 引导的从句连用。例如：By 2010 Xiao Wang had taught at that village school for 21 years. 到2010年为止，小王在那所乡村小学已经教书21年啦。She said she had lived in Jinan since two years ago. 她说自从两年前她就住在了济南。Tom told me he had stayed here since he came back. 汤姆告诉我自从他回来就呆在这儿了。三、过去完成时的搭档过去完成时的动作发生在“过去的过去”，一般通过上下文的联系判断动作发生的先后，先发生的用过去完成时，后发生的用一般过去时。1、“介词by +过去时间/by the time+过去时态的句子”。介词by 本身表示“在……以前；到……为止”。例如：Molly had read 100 famous world books by the year 2009. 到2009年为止，莫莉已经读了100本世界名著。Edison had built a chemistry lab by the time he was ten. 爱迪生十岁的时候就已经建立了一个化学实验室。2、“when ,before, after 等引导的时间状语从句”。例如：I hadn’t finished the novel when they came back. 他们回来时我还没写完这篇小说。How long had they known each other before they came to China? 他们来中国前彼此认识多长时间啦？Hector went to play football after he had finished his homework. 赫克托完成作业后就去踢足球了。3、“宾语从句”或“间接引语”，例如：The Japanese said that he had never seen the sheep. 那个日本人说他从未见过那只羊。The monitor told the teacher that their class had planted 200 trees. 班长告诉老师他们班栽了200棵树。四、不用过去完成时的情况1、当主句的时态是过去时态，而在宾语从句中有明确的表示过去的时间状语时，不用过去完成时，仍然使用一般过去时。例如：Ted said Julia visited her uncle three days ago. 特德说茱莉亚三天前看望了她的叔叔。2、叙述在过去连续发生的两件以上的事情，虽然时间有先后之别，仍用一般过去时态。例如：Donna got up, washed her face, brushed her teeth, took a shower, had a quick breakfast and went to school this morning.  丹娜今天早晨起床、洗脸、刷牙、洗淋浴、匆匆吃了早饭，上学去了。3、在包含before, after, when, until, as soon as 等引导的主从复合句中，如果主句的动作和从句的动作紧接发生，句中的动词可以全部使用一般过去时态。例如：When she entered the room, she found the boy crying. 她进屋时发现男孩在哭。As soon as the teacher cane into the classroom, the students stopped talking. 老师一走进教室，学生们就不说话啦。提醒：结构“had + 名词或代词+过去分词”形式上很像过去完成时态，但是这是一般过去时，是一个固定结构，表示“请或让别人做某事”。例如：Isabel had her hair cut yesterday afternoon. 昨天下午，伊莎贝尔理了头发。 巩固练习：一、单项选择：1. He told me that he _____ a cold for two days. A. has   B. has had   C. had caught   D. had had 2. I _____ 50 pages of this novel by yesterday evening. A. have read    B. read    C. had read   D. was reading 3. Jason said he _____ Hong Kong twice before. A. has been to     B. has gone to C. had been to     D. had gone to 4. The students _____ on a farm for ten days. Then they _____ to a factory. Though they _____ back at school, they still remembered those farmers and workers. A. have stayed, went, were   B. had stayed, went, were C. have stayed, go, have been  D. had stayed, go, are 5. Kate ____ her keys in the office so she had to wait until her husband ____ home. A. has left, comes     B. had left, came C. left, had come      D. had left, would come 6. Vince was disappointed that Laura ____ when he ____ at the party. A. left, had arrived     B. had left, arrived C. left, has arrived    D. has left, arrived7. He was a bit nervous, for he _____ on before. A. had never been operated  B. had never operated C. has never been operated  D. has never operated 8. They asked me to have a drink with them. I said that it was at least ten years since I _____ a good drink. A. enjoyed        B. was enjoying C. had enjoyed     D. had been enjoyed 9. Don’t worry! He said he _____ off the air conditioner. A. turned         B. had turned C. was turning     D. was turned 10. –Why didn’t Peter attend the meeting yesterday? –He _____ Beijing. A. has gone to       B. had gone to C. went to      D. had been to 二、完成句子：1、托比说他们看了一场如此令人兴奋的足球比赛。Toby said they _____ _____ _____ _____ exciting football match. 2、老师告诉我们，自从1949年以来，中国发生了巨大的变化。The teacher told us that great changed _____ _____ _____ in China since 1949. 3、格蕾丝说她的项链买了三年了。Grace said that her necklace _____ _____ _____ for 3 years. 4、我发现露西在最近两年内取得了很大的进步。I found that Lucy _____ _____ great progress _____ _____ _____ two years. 5、我原以为我丢了的那支钢笔在桌子上，就在我的眼皮子底下。The pen I _____ I _____ ______ is on my desk, just under my nose.  Keys: 一、1-5 DCCBB 6-10 BACBB二、1. had watched such an 2. had taken place 3. had been had 4. had made, in the last 5. thought, had lost