初中英语牛津译林版八年级上册Grammar教学课件ppt

设计说明

A部分首先通过让学生按照老师发出指令做动作的游戏导入新课，然后学会运用祈使句表达指令，并了解祈使句的概念、结构以及肯定句和否定句的用法。B部分通过DIY方面的建议来导入had better和should 的用法，进而给出had better和should 的详细用法，最后通过一系列的练习来巩固所学知识点。

教学目标

通过本单元的教学，让学生达成以下目标：

1.知识目标

掌握词汇：cut, sentence, on the other side of

2.能力目标

(1)学会运用祈使句表达指令。

(2)学会用should 和had better来提出建议。

3.情感目标

学会在具体情境下沟通并给出建议。

重点难点

重点：运用祈使句表达指令，用should 和had better来提出建议

难点：祈使句的否定形式及常用答语

教学准备

PPT课件；相关图片

授课时数

1课时

教学过程

Step 1  Lead-in

1. Play a game with students first. Do as what the teacher says. For example: Stand up. Sit down. Put up your hands. Come here. Go back to your seat, please. Jump twice. Touch your nose.

2. Play a guessing game. Show students some pictures about some public signs and let them guess the meanings of these pictures one by one. For example: Don’t smoke!

No smoking!

Don’t play football!

Turn left. Turn right.

Don’t park your car!

Don’t eat!

Don’t pick the flowers!

Be quiet, please.

Go upstairs!

Go downstairs!

Step 2  Grammar  

1. Read and observe. Show them some sentences above and ask them to observe what characters these sentences have.

2. Analysis.

(1) Analyze the concept of imperative sentence.

祈使句表示请求、命令等。它的主语是you（听话人），通常不说出。祈使句肯定结构中的谓语动词一律用动词原形。祈使句末用感叹号或句号。

(2) Analyze the structure of imperative sentence.

祈使句的肯定结构

①Do型（以行为动词原形开头）
Sit down!坐下！  Stand up!起立！

②Be型（以be开头）
Be quiet!安静！  Be quickly! 快点！

③Let型（let sb. do sth.）
Let’s look at the map. 让我们看看地图。

祈使句的否定结构

①一般在肯定结构前加 Do not (Don’t)。
Don’t go there, please. 请别去那儿。

②公共场合的提示语中，常用的结构“No＋名词/ v.-ing”，表示“禁止做某事”。

No smoking! 禁止吸烟！

③Never＋动词原形＋其他.

Never be late for school. 上学绝不可迟到。

3. Summary.

Give a summary about the usage of imperative sentence. Let the students read the following rules.

祈使句无主语, 只用动词就可以；

表示请求或命令, 加上please表客气；

如果变成否定句, Don’t, Not, No来开头。

Step 3  Practice

1. Ask the students to make sentences using imperative sentences.

2. Deal with some exercises on page 47. Choose the words to fill in the blanks. Give students several minutes to fill in the blanks. Then check answers with them.

Answers: 1. Cut  2.Write  3. Draw  4. Look  5.try  6. don’t give  7. Keep

Step 4  Practice

Ask students to choose the best answer.

1. Jim, _______ me a hand.  

  A. gives        B. is giving      C. will give       D. give

2. ______ careful, Jenny! There is a tree in front of you.  

  A. Am           B. /            C. Be              D. Was

3. Let’s ______ our time.  

  A. not waste      B. no wasting    C. not to waste       D. no waste

4. —_______ higher, and you will see the house.      

—OK.

  A. If you stand    B. To stand      C. When you stand    D. Stand

5. Please _______ do it.

  A. he            B. let him       C. let he            D. him

6. _______ let anyone open the door. 

  A. Don’t         B. Will         C. Not              D. No

7. —Don’t be late again.    

—Sorry, ________.

  A. I may         B. I must       C. I will             D. I won’t

8. —Call me when you get home.    

—OK, ________.

  A. I must        B. I can         C. I will             D. I may

Answers: 1. D  2. C  3. A  4. D  5. B  6. A  7. D  8. C

Step 5  Grammar

1. Show the students some sentences:

You should know a little about DIY.

You should not put so many books on the shelf.

Your watch is broken. You had better buy a new one.

You had better not be late for school.

2. Analyze the usage of “had better” and “should”.

(1)had better (常简略为’d better)，是一固定词组，后面必须跟动词原形, 构成“had better do sth.”句型。

You’d better go to hospital at once.

你最好立即去医院看病。

(2)had better的否定式是将not放在had better的后面 (had better not do sth.)。should后面也要跟动词原形，且没有人称和数的变化。

You had better not miss the last bus.

你最好不要错过末班公共汽车。

You should stop smoking. 你应该戒烟。

注意：should的否定式是should not/shouldn’t。

You shouldn’t drive after drinking. 你不应该喝酒后开车。

Step 6  Practice

Deal with the exercises on page 48.

Give students one minute to read the sentences from a to e. Then give them 2 minutes to complete the sentences using “had better” and “should”. Then ask them to share their answers. After that, check answers with them using PPT.

Answers：

1 You should/had better buy some to learn more about it.

2 You should/had better join a DIY club to learn more about it.

3 You should not/had better not begin your work without reading them.

4 You should not/had better not play with them when you do DIY jobs.

5 You should/had better be patient.

Step 7  Homework

1. Try to give instructions.

2. Try to use“should (not) and had better (not)” to give advice.

3. Finish the exercises.

当堂达标

根据汉语意思完成句子。

1. 你应该在南京站换火车。

  __________________________ change trains at Nanjing Railway Station.

2. 你最好在下雨前回家。

  __________________________ before the rain starts.

3. 现在你最好别打棒球了。

  __________________________ baseball now.

4. 不要把金鱼放在阳光下。

  _________________________ the goldfish in the sun.

Answers：

1. You should   2. You’d better go home   3. You had better not play

4. Don’t put

板书设计

教学反思