专题11+任务型阅读&阅读填空-2023年中考英语考试研究（南京专用）

这是一份专题11+任务型阅读&阅读填空-2023年中考英语考试研究（南京专用），共44页。
专题11 任务型阅读&阅读填空-2023年中考英语考试研究（南京专用）

南京市历年考情解读
知识点名称
考察题型
具体的考察情况
表格左侧归纳概括词
任务型阅读、阅读填空
example、findings、opinion、differences、similarity、problems、situation、introduction、conclusion、cause、effects..............
表格标题
任务型阅读、阅读填空
概括文章的主要内容填写标题，标题中实词需大写
表格右侧细节理解题
任务型阅读、阅读填空
同义词替换成单词或短语
单词的词性变换
形容词变成比较级、最高级和反义词
转折关系词：but、though、although、while.......
并列关系词：and、both.......and........、not only...... but also........
选择关系词：or、whether.........or..........

南京市中考英语历年（2019-2022）真题展示
【2019南京中考】
五、 阅读填空（共1小题；每小题10分，满分10分）
A）请认真阅读下列短文,并根据所读内容在文章后表格中第56-65小题的空格里填入个最恰当的单注意:每个空格只填1个单词。请将答案填写在答题卡标号为（1）-（10）的相应横线上。
Though times have changed， falling asleep in class is still a common occurrence（常事）among teenagers．
Why do students sometimes fall asleep in class？ An obvious reason is lack of sleep． However， there are also causes for getting too little sleep．
Homework is a daily occurrence for most students， one that can take three to four hours per night． A teenager who wants to be able to take part in any activity besides homework must stay up late to fit everything in． Club activities， sports， computer﹣game playing， and TV viewing． for example，all contribute to （促成） teens having less time for both homework and sleep．Sometimes teens lack sleep because of after﹣school jobs that are taken on to earn extra money for college， family expenses， or simply for clothes．
Physical problems are another factor that can cause students to fall alseeo in class． For example，
inasomnia， which may keep a student up at night， causing exhaustion（疲惫不堪）during class hours，
is a serious problem that may require medical attention． Medical evidence also supports the idea that
each person has a body clock that helps to decide his or her sleep pattern． Unluckily， these body
clocks do not always work according to school timetables．
The effects of falling asleep in class can be quite serious． First of all， sleeping in class is not a
good way to endear（使受喜爱） yourself to teachers． In addition， it is highly possible that other
students may make jokes about those who sleep in class． However， the most harmful effect of
sleeping in class is missing out on important points． In the long run， sleepers may end up failing
classes．
Since teens are probably not going to deal with the problem， falling asleep in class will probably
remain an all﹣too﹣common occurrence． It will continue until more teens find a way to balance their personal and social lives with school and work， while still finding enough time to sleep．
Introduction
Times have change，（1）　　falling asleep in class is still quite common．
Causes
Lack of sleep
◆To （2）　　doing their homework， students may have to work three to four hours every night．
◆To （3）　　homework with activities， students may stay up late．
◆To spare time for after﹣school jobs， students may not have （4）　　time to sleep．
Physical problems
◆Insomnia may （5）　　students falling asleep at night．
◆Students' body clocks do not always （6）　　their school timetables．
Effects
◆Students sleeping in class may not be （7）　　by their teachers．
◆Students who sleep in class run the （8）　　of being laughed at．
◆Students who sleep too much in class may miss out on important knowledge and （9）　________　in their study．
Conclusion
The problem will not be （10）　　until teenagers can manage their lives， deal with their school and work， and then still have time to sleep．

【答案】
（1）but （2）finish （3）balance （4）enough （5）stop/ prevent
（6）match （7）liked/ loved （8）risk/ possibility （9）fail （10）solved
【解析】为什么学生有时会在课堂上睡着？一个明显的原因是缺乏睡眠．但是，也有一些原因导致睡眠太少．包括家庭作业，身体问题等．
（1）but．细节理解题．根据第一句Though times have changed， falling asleep in class is still a common occurrence（常事）among teenagers．虽然时代已经改变，但是在课堂上睡觉仍然是青少年中常见的事情．可知，两句之间是转折关系，没有though，因此用but． 故答案为but．
（2）finish．细节理解题．根据Homework is a daily occurrence for most students， one that can take three to four hours per night．家庭作业是大多数学生每天都要做的事情，每晚可以花三到四个小时．可知，为了完成家庭作业，学生们不得不每晚学习三到四个小时． 故答案为finish．
（3）balance．细节理解题．根据A teenager who wants to be able to take part in any activity besides homework must stay up late to fit everything in．一个想参加除家庭作业以外的任何活动的青少年必须熬夜以适应一切．可知，为了"平衡"学习与活动，他们会熬夜． 故答案为balance．
（4）enough．细节理解题．根据Sometimes teens lack sleep because of after﹣school jobs that are taken on to earn extra money for college， family expenses， or simply for clothes．有时，青少年缺乏睡眠是因为放学后的工作需要为大学、家庭开支或简单的衣服挣额外的钱．可知， 为课外业余时间工作，学生可能没有足够的时间睡觉．故答案为enough．
（5）stop/ prevent．细节理解题．根据For example，inasomnia， which may keep a student up at night， causing exhaustion（疲惫不堪）during class hours，例如，失眠，可能会让学生在晚上睡不着，导致上课时筋疲力尽．可知，失眠可能阻止学生晚上入睡．阻止某人做某事stop/ prevent…doing sth． 故答案为stop/ prevent．
（6）match．细节理解题．根据these body clocks do not always work according to school timetables．人体的生物钟不总是按学校的时间表工作．可知，学生的生物钟并不总是匹配他们的学校时间表．do not 后面加动词原形．故答案为match．
（7）liked/ loved．细节理解题．根据First of all， sleeping in class is not a good way to endear（使受喜爱） yourself to teachers．首先，在课堂上睡觉并不是让老师喜欢你自己的好方法．可知，"被人喜欢"用like/love的被动形式，被动语态结构be done．故答案为liked/ loved．
（8）risk/ possibility．细节理解题．根据In addition， it is highly possible that other students may make jokes about those who sleep in class．此外，很有可能学生们可能会对那些在课堂上睡觉的人开玩笑．可知，在上课时睡觉学生有运行风险/被嘲笑的可能性． 故答案为risk/ possibility．
（9）fail．细节理解题．根据 In the long run， sleepers may end up failing classes．从长远来看，睡觉的人可能会以上课不及格而告终．可知，在课堂上睡得过多的学生可能会错过重要的知识，导致学习失败．"在…方面失败"用"fail in"． 故答案为fail．
（10）solved．细节理解题．根据Since teens are probably not going to deal with the problem， falling asleep in class will probably remain an all﹣too﹣common occurrence．由于青少年可能不会解决这个问题，在课堂上睡着可能仍然是一个非常普遍的现象．可知，这个问题不会得到解决，直到青少年能够管理他们的生活，处理他们的学校和工作，然后仍然有时间睡觉．问题"别解决"，故用过去分词．故答案为solved．

【2020南京中考】
五、阅读填空
A）请认真阅读下列短文，并根据所读内容在文章后表格中各小题的空格里填入一个最恰当的单词。
注意：每个空格只填1个单词。请将答案填写在相应横线上。

Cars powered by gasoline were sold for many years before hybrid vehicles that use gasoline, electricity, and solar energy, Car companies are now making cars that are fully powered by electricity only. How do these electric cars measure up to (符合标准) traditional gasoline cars?
Electric and gasoline vehicles look similar on the outside. They have very different parts under their hoods. though. Electric cars have one main moving part: the motor. But gas cars literally have hundreds of parts, often requiring frequent maintenance (保养). Having fewer parts makes the electric car cheaper to maintain and less likely to have mechanical problems.
Electric vehicles are energy efficient, also making them cheaper to operate. It costs about $1. 00 to travel 43 miles in an electric car, which is a clear contrast to a gas car, which costs about $1. 25 to go 18 miles. Basically, an electric car can go twice as far as a gas car for the same price.
Electric vehicles do not have tailpipe emissions, making them more friendly to the environment, too.
While some details make electric cars seem attractive, other details aren’t as favorable. For example, some electric cars can travel only 60 to 120 miles on a full charge (充电) . Most gas cars can drive hundreds of miles on a full tank.
An electric car has to stop more often to get recharged. Therefore, a gas car would be a better option (选择) if you have far to drive. And electric cars aren’t as convenient (方便的) to power up as gas cars are. There are plenty of gas stations, but not many charging stations for electric cars. Then, once an electric car reaches a charging station, it can take up to six hours to charge.
There are certainly benefits to both electric cars and gasoline cars. It’s good to know that there is an option.
Electric cars vs Gasoline cars
Introduction
With the appearance of electric cars, people wonder whether electric cars can achieve the ____56____ standards as gasoline cars.
Similarity
Electric cars and gasoline cars look similar on the outside.
____57____
Electric cars
● Having fewer parts reduces the ____58____ of their maintenance and the ____59____ of having mechanical problems.
● ____60____ with gasoline cars, electric cars are more energy-saving, making them cheaper to operate.
● Having no tailpipe emissions, they are more environmentally ____61____.
● It ____62____ more time for electric cars to get charged.
Gasoline cars
● Gas cars can cover a ____63____ distance on a full tank than electric cars on a full charge．
● Gas cars are more ____64____ to power up.
Conclusion
Both electric cars and gasoline cars have their own benefits,which provides people with a _____65_____.
【答案】
56. same 57. Differences 58. cost(s) 59. possibility/possibilities 60. Compared
61. friendly 62. takes 63. longer 64. convenient 65. choice
【解析】这是一篇说明文，文章讲述电动汽车和汽油动力汽车的相似性和不同点，二者各有特点和优势，给人们提供了选择。
【56题详解】
句意：随着电动汽车的出现，人们想知道电动汽车是否能达到汽油动力汽车相同的标准。
根据第一段“How do these electric cars measure up to traditional gasoline cars”可知介绍部分讲述了电动汽车是否能达到汽油动力汽车标准，此处用the same表示“相同的”。故答案为same。
【57题详解】
句意：不同点。
文章讲述了电动汽车和汽油动力汽车的相似点和不同之处，根据上一栏“Similarity”可知，此处用复数名词differences。首字母d大写，故答案为Differences。
【58题详解】
句意：更少的部件减少保养的花费和有机器问题的可能性。
根据第二段“Having fewer parts makes the electric car cheaper to maintain and less likely to have mechanical problems”，可知此处用cheaper to maintain近义词reduces the cost(s) of their maintenance表达“减少花费”。故答案为cost(s)。
【59题详解】
句意：更少的部件减少保养的花费和有机器问题的可能性。
根据第二段“Having fewer parts makes the electric car cheaper to maintain and less likely to have mechanical problems”，可知此处用less likely to的近义词reduce the possibility(possibilities)表示“减少可能性”。故答案为possibility/possibilities。
【60题详解】
句意：与汽油动力汽车相比，电动汽车更省能量，使得它们操作更便宜。
根据“Electric vehicles are energy efficient, also making them cheaper to operate. It costs about $1. 00 to travel 43 miles in an electric car, which is a clear contrast to a gas car, which costs about $1. 25 to go 18 miles”可知此处把二者作比较，用compare…with…；此处用过去分词compared表示被比较；句首首字母大写，故答案为Compared。
【61题详解】
句意：没有尾气排放，它们对环境更友好。
根据“Electric vehicles do not have tailpipe emissions, making them more friendly to the environment”可知此处用friendly放句末，表示“对环境友好的”。故答案为friendly。
【62题详解】
句意：电动汽车充电花的时间更多。
根据“some electric cars can travel only 60 to 120 miles on a full charge . Most gas cars can drive hundreds of miles on a full tank”以及“An electric car has to stop more often to get recharged”可知电动汽车充电花的时间更多。主语是It，谓语动词用第三人称单数takes表示“花费”。故答案为takes。
【63题详解】
句意：汽油动力汽车充满电比电动汽车跑的距离更远。
根据than可知此处填比较级。根据“some electric cars can travel only 60 to 120 miles on a full charge . Most gas cars can drive hundreds of miles on a full tank”可知充满电，汽油动力汽车比电动汽车跑的距离更远。此处用比较级longer。故答案为longer。
【64题详解】
句意：汽油动力汽车充满能源更方便。
根据“electric cars aren’t as convenient to power up as gas cars are” 可知，汽油动力汽车比电动汽车更方便充满能源，此处用比较级more convenient。故答案为convenient。
【65题详解】
句意：汽油动力汽车和电动汽车都有自己的优势，给人们提供了选择。
根据不定冠词a可知用单数名词。根据“There are certainly benefits to both electric cars and gasoline cars. It’s good to know that there is an option.”可知此处用an option的近义词a choice。故答案为choice。

【2021南京中考】
五、阅读填空（共20小题;每小题1分, 满分20分）
A）请认真阅读下面短文,并根据所读内容在文章后表格中小题的空格里填入一个最恰当的单词。
注意:每个空格只填1个单词。请将答案填写在答题卡相应横线上。

Exams are a fact of school life for most people. Almost everyone worries about them and feels stressed, although they have prepared well.
A little stress caused by the exams is useful as it can sharpen your mind and motivate（激发）you to do well. But too much stress can stop you working to the best of your abilities, so it’s important not to let it get out of control. Here are some ideas to help you.
The keys to being prepared for exams and avoiding unnecessary exam stress are knowing what you need to know, planning and preparing for your revision（复习）, and giving yourself enough time to do it.
If you can, find a copy of the syllabus for each subject. This tells you what you need to know and gives you the topics for revision.
Make a week-by-week revision timetable chart to display in your work space. Include the topics you need to cover for each subject.
About 12 weeks before your first exam, record the dates and times for each of your exams in your planner or diary and make a copy to put on your wall at home.
During your exam period, you want your brain to work at its very best, so build in relaxation time before bed, avoid late night revision sessions and try to go to bed early so you get enough sleep. If panic（惊慌）starts to creep in, try to replace your negative thoughts with more positive（积极的）ones, such as ‘It’s going to be OK? If you have difficulty answering a question, leave it and move on to the next one—don’t spend time tying yourself in mental（思想上的）knots over each question.
You are not alone while dealing with the stress. Call psychological（心理的）hotline to share your worries and get help from others going through the same experience. Remember that there is life after exams. Things may feel stressful right now, but it won’t last forever. And then the rest of your life will still be there.
The Exam Stress
Situation
u_____56_____ about exams is a real fact for almost everyone at school.
Problem
uThough a little exam stress does good to you, too much may make you _____57_____ to work as well as you can.
How to control exam stress
uCareful preparation is necessary to stop you from worries.
lFind a copy of the syllabus for each subject to get necessary _____58_____.
lMake a revision timetable chart for every _____59_____ to display in your work space, including necessary topics.
lPrepare for your exams _____60_____ and remind yourself of the dates and times for each exam.
uMake yourself _____61_____ before bedtime and get enough sleep.
uTry to _____62_____ yourself to stay positive.
uIf you meet difficult questions, just move on, instead of _____63_____ how to answer them too long.
uTurn to psychological hotline and those in the same boat for _____64_____.
u Remember stress will disappear but your _____65_____ will go on.
【答案】
56. Worrying 57. fail/unable 58. information 59. week 60. early/ahead
61. relaxed 62. encourage 63. considering 64. help 65. life
【解析】考前有压力是正常的，本文针对考前压力给出一些建议。
【56题详解】
根据“Almost everyone worries about them and feels stressed”可知，几乎每个人都担心考试，感到压力，worry about为……感到担心，在句中作主语，用动名词形式，句首需大写首字母。故填Worrying。
【57题详解】
根据“But too much stress can stop you working to the best of your abilities”可知，太多的压力会阻碍你发挥出最好的能力，fail to do sth未能做某事,be unable to do sth不能做某事，make sb do sth让某人做某事，故填fail/unable。
【58题详解】
根据“If you can, find a copy of the syllabus for each subject. This tells you what you need to know and gives you the topics for revision.”可知，如果可以的话，找一份每门课的教学大纲，这会告诉你你需要知道什么，并给你复习的主题。也就是通过每个主题的教学大纲来获取信息，故填information。
【59题详解】
根据“Make a week-by-week revision timetable chart to display in your work space.”可知，在你的工作空间里做一个每周复习时间表。故填week。
【60题详解】
根据“About 12 weeks before your first exam, record the dates and times for each of your exams in your planner”可知，在你第一次考试前12周，把每一次考试的日期和时间记录在你的计划或日记本上，也就是要提前准备，故填early/ahead。
【61题详解】
根据“so build in relaxation time before bed, avoid late night revision sessions and try to go to bed early so you get enough sleep”可知，在睡觉前安排放松时间，避免深夜复习，尽量早点上床，这样你就能得到足够的睡眠，此处表示“放松”，用于make sb+adj结构中，故填relaxed。
【62题详解】
根据“If panic（惊慌）starts to creep in, try to replace your negative thoughts with more positive（积极的）ones”可知，如果恐慌开始蔓延，试着用积极的想法取代你的消极想法，也就是鼓励自己保持积极，用于try to do sth短语中，故填encourage。
【63题详解】
根据“If you have difficulty answering a question, leave it and move on to the next one”可知，如果你回答一个问题有困难，那就别管它，继续下一个，也就是不要考虑它太久，用于instead of doing sth结构中，故填considering。
【64题详解】
根据“Call psychological（心理的）hotline to share your worries and get help from others going through the same experience.”可知，拨打心理热线，分享你的烦恼，向有同样经历的人寻求帮助。故填help。
【65题详解】
根据“Things may feel stressful right now, but it won’t last forever. And then the rest of your life will still be there.”可知，现在的事情可能会让你感到压力，但压力不会永远持续下去，生活依然继续。故填life。

【2022南京中考】
五、阅读填空（共20小题；每小题1分，满分20分）
A)阅读下面短文，根据所读内容，在文章后第62-71小题的空格里填入一个最恰当的单词，并将答案填写在答题卡标号为62-71的相应位置上。
注意：每个空格只填一个单词
Sue and Jim were neighbors for five years but they were never interested in each other. Then one day, Sue saw Jim’s music collection. She noticed a rare punk rock CD that she also owned. At that moment, she realized that they both had the same interest in music and they started talking. Sue said, “I thought we had nothing in common（相同）until I saw his CD by the New York Dolls.” They are now married and living with each other.
Some psychologists (心理学家) think that your taste in music is related to (有联系的) your personality. As part of a test at the University of Texas, Austin, USA, volunteers created a CD of their favourite songs. The volunteers then listened to each other’s CDs and made guesses about the CD creator’s personality—outgoing, adventurous, happy, and so on. These strangers correctly guessed much more about each others’ personalities through their CDs than through their clothes or taste in films. For example, Sue and Jim love punk music, which means they have outgoing personalities.
The psychologists who did the test found Snoop Dogg (hip-hop) fans are likely to be energetic and talkative. People who like U2 (rock/pop music) are generally independent and adventurous.
The psychologists also found that Louis Armstrong(jazz) fans tend to(倾向于) be shy. The psychologists were surprised to find that rap and heavy metal fans were also shier and quieter than many other music lovers.
Title: Music and 62
An opinion
u Your 63 in music is related to your personality.
Findings
u One’s clothes or taste in films is 64 important than his/her CDs in a test of guessing about one’s personality.
u It is 65 that hip-hop fans are energetic and talkative.
u People who 66 rock or pop music are usually independent and adventurous.
u Jazz fans tend to be 67 and intelligent.
u It’s 68 that rap and heavy metal fans are shier and quieter than many other music lovers
An 69
u 70 Sue and Jim were neighbors for five years, they were never interested in each other.
u After Sue noticed they both had rare punk rock CDs, she found they had 71 in common.
u They are now married and living with each other.
【答案】
62. Personality 63. taste 64. less 65. likely 66. like
67.serious 68.surprising 69.example 70.Though/Although 71. something
【解析】本文通过两个邻居苏和吉姆，从最初的互不感兴趣到后来因为一张唱片开始交流、到后来成为夫妻的例子，说明本文的主旨，音乐的品味喜好与人的性格有着巨大的联系，并通过多个心理学家和研究调查的结果证实了这一观点．
（62）Personality．考查名词，根据文中Some psychologists think that your taste in music is related to your personality，以及上下文可知本文主要讲述了音乐的品味喜好与人的性格之间的关系，故标题应为：音乐和性格；personality，性格，符合题意，标题中实词需大写，故答案为：Personality．
（63）taste．考查名词，根据文中，Some psychologists think that your taste in music is related to your personality，可知一些心理学家认为你的音乐品味与你的性格有关．taste，名词，品味，符合题意，故答案为：taste．
（64）less．考查形容词比较级，根据文中These strangers correctly guessed much more about each other's personalities through their CDs than through their clothes or taste in films．陌生人通过CD正确地猜测了彼此的性格，而不是通过衣服或电影的品味来猜测．可知在体现一个人的性格方面，衣服和电影品味不如CD或者音乐的品味重要，less important than不如…重要，符合文意，故答案为：less．
（65）likely．考查副词，根据文中The psychologists who did the test found Snoop Dogg（hip-hop）fans are likely to be energetic and talkative．可知hip-hop歌迷很可能充满活力和健谈．likely，形容词，可能的，符合文意，故答案为：likely．
（66）like．考查动词，根据文中People who like U2 （rock/pop music） are generally independent and adventurous．可知喜欢摇滚或者流行音乐的人通常是独立且喜欢冒险的．like，动词，喜欢、喜爱，符合文意；本句表述的事实情况，应用一般现在时态，在定语从句中，who代指复数名词people，动词like需用原形，故答案为：like．
（67）serious．考查形容词，根据文中The psychologists also found that Louis Armstrong （jazz） fans tend to be serious and intelligent，可知爵士乐的歌迷趋向于认真和聪明，serious，严肃的、认真的，符合文意，故答案为：serious．
（68）surprising．考查形容词，根据文中The psychologists were surprised to find that rap and heavy metal fans were also shier and quieter than many other music lovers．心理学家惊讶地发现，说唱歌手和重金属歌迷也比许多其他音乐爱好者更害羞和安静．可知这个结果是出人意料的，题干中主语为代词it，形容事物表示"惊讶、吃惊"，应用ing形式的形容词，surprising令人吃惊的，符合文意，故答案为：surprising．
（69）example．考查名词，通读第一段可知本文通过两个邻居苏和吉姆，从最初的互不感兴趣到后来因为一张唱片开始交流、到后来成为夫妻的例子，引出本文的主旨，可知Sue and Jim的故事是本文的事例，example，名词，例子、事例，符合文意，故答案为：example．
（70）Though/Although．考查连词，根据文中第一段Sue and Jim were neighbors for five years but they were never interested in each other．可知苏和吉姆虽然是5年的邻居，但是最初是互不感兴趣的，though/although，虽然、尽管，符合文意，句首需大写，故答案为：Though/Although．
（71）something．考查代词，根据文中At that moment，she realized that they both had the same interest in music and they started talking．她意识到他们俩对音乐有相同的兴趣，他们开始交谈，可知他们两人最后发现有共同爱好，have something in common固定词组，有相似之处、有共同特征，符合文意，故答案为：something．

考点分析
一、表格左侧归纳概括词
①对比因果类：
advantage/function/benefit/quality/significance/importance/disadvantage/problem/consequence/result/outcome/effect/influence/impact/response/similarities/difference
②目标：prediction/expectation/hope/aim/purpose/intention/dream
③建议：suggestions/tips/advice
④态度、观点：attitudes /opinion/view/attitude/idea/thought/mind
⑤简介某个现象或问题：brief/general/introduction/phenomenon
⑥原因：reason/cause/explanation
⑦信息：news/information/content/period
⑧方法：ways/methods/techniques/solutions/measures
⑨特征：features/characteristics
⑩种类、形式：types/forms

二、表格标题
（1）概括性（在最大程度上覆盖栏内信息)
（2）针对性（量体裁衣，大小适度)
（3）醒目性（简洁）

三、表格右侧细节理解题
1）若空格内填的是名词，要考虑其单复数形式；
若填的是形容词或副词，则要考虑其是否属于比较等级；
如若填的是动词，则要特别注意考虑其时态和语态。
如在句首，还要考虑其首字母的大写。
2) 在填空格的时候我们还要考虑和其他词的固定搭配及其惯用法结构。
如在介词后面须填v-ing形式,修饰动词需用副词等。

模拟预测（2022年南京市一模二模）
【南京师范大学附属中学集团2022年中考英语二模试卷】
五、阅读填空 （共20小题；每小题1分，满分20分）
A) 阅读下列短文，并根据所读内容在文章后表格中的空格里填入一个最恰当的单词。 注意: 每个空格只填1个单词。
The way in which we communicate with others can be greatly improved by building a better vocabulary. In our personal life, we communicate and share experiences with others. However, how well we do it depends on our ability to express ourselves through spoken and written language. Luckily, increasing our word power can make us own the skills we need to communicate better with others and can also help us get better results in our study.
When you see a new word, whether through reading or hearing someone say the word, just be ready to take out your dictionary and look it up —learn about the word and anything that relates(与……相关)to it. If you understand the word, you’ll hopefully remember it well.
Meanwhile, you’d better write down words to learn. You can go through the dictionary, magazine and newspaper and write down the words that you don’t know. Try go over them every day—look at the words and speak them out loudly. Copy the words over and over again, along with their meanings, and you will surprisingly remember them in no time.
You can also do word games, such as word searches, crossword puzzles and so on. Playing these games, you are more likely to come across new words, and when you don’t know the words, study them. The more words you have in your brain’s word bank, the better you will become at these word games. You will be remembering, learning and having fun, too.
Finally, reading is also believed to be an excellent way to learn new words and build up your vocabulary. Read things you are interested in, because in this way, you are less likely to become bored. But don’t skip over (忽略) those words you don’t know. Instead, you should remember and use them in your own daily conversations. Use them more, and you’ll surely have a better chance of remembering them.
Topic: Increasing Your Vocabulary
____56____ of building a better vocabulary
u Express ourselves well through spoken and written language ____57____ on our vocabulary ability.
u Our study can be ____58____ if we increase our word power.
Suggestions on remembering new words
1. Remember every new word you meet with by ____59____ it.
u Learn about the word and anything relates to it by working it up in your dictionary.
2. Make a list of new words to learn.
u Write down the ____60____ words you read.
u ____61____ the words every day by looking at and speaking them out loudly.
3. Do word ____62____.
u It may be possible to come across new words when playing these games. Study them when you are ____63____ in new words.
4. Learn words through reading.
u Don’t forget to read things you ____64____.
u _____65_____ skipping over new words, but remember and use them more.
【答案】
56. Advantages 57. depending 58. improved 59. understanding 60. unknown
61. Review 62. games 63. caught 64. like 65. Avoid
【解析】本文是一篇说明文。本文主要讲述了增加词汇量方法。
【56题详解】
根据表格内容及文中第一段“Luckily, increasing our word power can make us own the skills we need to communicate better with others and can also help us get better results in our study.”可知，这里讲的是增进词汇量的好处，advantages“好处”，句首首字母大写。故填Advantages。
【57题详解】
根据文中第一段“how well we do it depends on our ability to express ourselves through spoken and written language.”可知，用口语和书面语很好地表达自己取决于我们的词汇能力，depend“取决于”，此处应用动名词作状语。故填depending。
【58题详解】
根据文中第一段“increasing our word power can make us own the skills we need to communicate better with others and can also help us get better results in our study.”可知，如果我们增加词汇能力，我们的学习就可以提高，主语和谓语之间是动宾关系，因此用过去分词。故填improved。
【59题详解】
根据第二段“If you understand the word, you’ll hopefully remember it well.”可知，此处是讲通过理解记忆单词，by后跟动词-ing。故填understanding。
【60题详解】
根据第三段“You can go through ... write down the words that you don’t know.”可知，此处是讲写下你不知道的单词。故填unknown。
【61题详解】
根据第三段“Try go over them every day—look at the words and speak them out loudly.”可知，说的是每天要复习单词，review“复习”，位于句首首字母大写。故填Review。
【62题详解】
根据第四段“You can also do word games”可知，说的是做单词游戏。故填games。
【63题详解】
根据第四段“Playing these games, you are more likely to come across new words, and when you don’t know the words, study them.”可知，说的是在做游戏中遇到新单词的时候，去学习它们。catch“看见，抓住”，此处表被动，用过去分词。故填caught。
【64题详解】
根据最后一段“Read things you are interested in, because in this way, you are less likely to become bored.”可知，说的是读一些你喜欢的内容。故填like。
【65题详解】
根据最后一段“don’t skip over (忽略) those words you don’t know. Instead, you should remember and use them in your own daily conversations. Use them more ... them.”可知，说的是要避免忽略那些不知道的单词，avoid doing sth“避免做……”，位于句首，首字母大写。故填Avoid。

【南京市鼓楼区2022年中考英语二模试卷】
五、阅读填空(共20小题;每小题1分，满分20分)
请认真阅读下面短文，并根据所读内容在文章后表格中各小题的空格里填入一个最恰当的单词。注意：每个空格只填1个单词。
In the 19th and early 20th centuries, women seldom had chances for a technical (技术的) education and career. However, the history of women inventors in this period is very long.
The nineteenth-century inventor Margaret Knight was born in the USA in 1838. As a young girl, she was made to work in a cotton factory by her parents. While she was working there, there was an accident and somebody was almost killed by a machine. Margaret was only 12 at the time, but she invented a way to fix the machine so that if there was something wrong again, the machine would shut down at once.
She had more than eighty inventions, from a machine for cutting shoes to improvements for the steam engine. But her most important invention-a machine that produced paper bags with flat bottoms. In fact, the idea for the invention was stolen by the person who made the model for the machine. She had to take legal (法律的) action to be finally recognized (认可) as the owner of the idea. Once Margaret had produced an invention, she would usually sell it for not much money, and when she died in 1914, all she left was only 275 dollars.
Beulah Henry also began inventing things when she was a young girl. In 1912, at age 25, she got her first patent (专利) for an ice-cream freezer. A year later, she designed a parasol-an umbrella for the sun-with changeable covers that went well with women’s clothes. Working out how to fix the covers so that they would not fly away on windy days was difficult, but she solved the problem successfully. In fact, as she herself put it, “The biggest umbrella men in the country told me it could not be done.” The invention earned her about 50,000 dollars from the producers.
She earned 49 patents, but her inventions number around 110. People called her “Lady Edison”. But for someone with such a long career, surprisingly little is known about Beulah Henry’s personal life. She was born in the USA in 1887 and grew up in an artistic family.
These two women’s stories will always give future inventors lots of courage and confidence.
Two Great Women Inventors
Background
In the 19th and early 20th centuries, ____56____ women could receive technical education.
Lives and ____57____
Margaret Knight
◉She was born in the USA in 1838.
◉Her parents ____58____ her to work in a cotton factory when she was young.
◉An accident ____59____ her to invent a way to fix the machine.
◉Her most important invention was a machine that produced paper bags.
◉Finally the owner of the idea was recognized by ____60____, but the idea was stolen by someone.
◉All her inventions didn’t create ____61____ for her.
Beulah Henry
◉Beulah Henry was born in an artistic family in 1887.
◉To our ____62____ ,we know very little about her personal life.
◉In 1913 she designed an umbrella for the sun.
◉The umbrella’s changeable covers could ____63____ women’s different clothes.
◉It was difficult to fix the covers, but she ____64____ to do it.
◉She won high ______65______ as “Lady Edison”.
【答案】
56. few 57. inventions##achievements 58. forced 59. led##caused##inspired
60. law 61. wealth 62. surprise 63. match 64. managed 65. praise
【解析】本文主要介绍了Margaret Knight和Beulah Henry两位女发明家。
【56题详解】
根据文章第一段中的“In the 19th and early 20th centuries, women seldom had chances for a technical (技术的) education and career”可知，在19世纪和20世纪初，很少有女性能够接受技术教育，且“women”是名词复数，故填few。
【57题详解】
根据后文可知，本文主要介绍了Margaret Knight和Beulah Henry两位女发明家的发明/成就和生活，inventions“发明”，achievements“成就”，故填inventions/achievements。
【58题详解】
根据文章第二段中的“As a young girl. she was made to work in a cotton factory by her parents”可知，Margaret Knight年轻时，父母强迫她在一家棉花厂工作，force sb to do sth“强迫某人做某事”，时态是一般过去时，故填forced。
【59题详解】
根据文章第二段中的“While she…machine would shut down at once”可知，一次事故“使/导致/鼓舞”Margaret Knight发明了一种修理机器的方法，lead/cause/inspire“导致/鼓舞”，时态是一般过去时，故填led/caused/inspired。
【60题详解】
根据文章第三段中的“In fact, the idea for the invention was stolen…of the idea.”可知，最后，这一想法的所有者得到了法律的承认，law“法律”，故填law。
【61题详解】
根据文章第三段中的“Once Margaret had produced an invention, she would usually sell it for not much money, and when she died in 1914, all she left was only 275 dollars”可知，Margaret Knight所有的发明没有为她创造财富，wealth“财富”，故填wealth。
【62题详解】
根据文章倒数第二段中的“But for someone with such a long career, surprisingly little is known about Beulah Henry’s personal life”可知，使我们惊讶的是，我们对Beulah Henry的个人生活知道的很少，固定短语To one’s surprise“使某人惊讶的是”，故填surprise。
【63题详解】
根据文章倒数第三段中的“A year later, she designed a parasol-an umbrella for the sun-with changeable covers that went well with women’s clothes”可知，这把伞的可更换伞罩可以搭配女性不同的衣服，“could”是情态动词，后面接动词原形，动词match“匹配”，故填match。
【64题详解】
根据文章倒数第三段中的“Working out how to fix the covers so that they would not fly away on windy days was difficult, but she solved the problem successfully”可知，修理伞罩很困难，但她成功做到了，固定短语manage to do sth“成功做某事”，时态是一般过去时，故填managed。
【65题详解】
根据文章倒数第二段中的“People called her “Lady Edison”可知，她被誉为“女爱迪生”，praise“赞扬”，名词，故填praise。

【南京市鼓楼区2022年中考英语一模试题】
五、阅读填空（共 20小题;每小题1分，满分 20分）
A）请认真阅读下列短文，并根据所读内容在文章后表格中小题的空格里填入一个最恰当的单词。注意：每个空格只填一个单词。
The Island of Jura is one of Scotland’s best kept secrets—a beautiful but little known island with a population of some 200 people. The quiet life of Jura would be hard to find anywhere else, and people of Jura are proud of that. However, if you want an active holiday, there are many things for you to see and do.
If you enjoy walking and hill climbing, for example, then the hills of Jura, which rise to more than 800 metres, should be on your list. As these walks take about seven hours, strong walking boots are recommended.
Beautiful birds, seals, golden eagles….From the moment you get off the Jura ferry（轮渡）, you will see deer happily feeding on sea plants along the shoreline. You will get those special once-in-a-lifetime photos of wild animals.
The Ardfin Gardens are open all year round. Entry is through the main gate, where you will find an information board and short guides to the two garden walks. The beginning of both walks will take you over a small stream. It is here that you turn left to do the longer of the two walks along the cliff tops. The views are amazing and on a clear day you will be able to see as far as Northern Ireland. Back at sea level, remember to visit the walled garden. Here you will see native plants mixed with plants from far-away countries.
The island has only one large hotel. The Jura Hotel offers visitors nice rooms and an excellent menu, and their prices are what you would expect to pay in other parts of Scotland. Just opposite the hotel is ‘Jura Stores’. From the outside it looks like any other small village shop. However, once inside you will be surprised at the goods—from delicious cakes to waterproofs and sleeping bags.
The Island of Jura
Information about Jura
>Jura is an island in Scotland which ____56____ people know.
>Only about 200 people ____57____ there enjoy the quiet life.
____58____ for tourists
Hill climbing
> The hills of Jura are over 800 metres in ____59____.
> You’d better wear strong boots because it’s seven ____60____ walk.
Wildlife ____61____
>You can take special photos of wild animals.
Visit the Ardfin Gardens
> Tourists can visit the Ardfin Gardens during the____62____ year.
>You’ll see many plants from home and ____63____ in the walled garden.
Hotels & shops
>The Jura Hotel offers nice rooms and dishes at a similar ____64____ of other parts of Scotland.
>____65____ Jura Stores is small it sells many kinds of goods.
【答案】
56. few 57. living 58. Activities 59. height 60. hours’
61. animals 62. whole 63. abroad 64. price 65. Although##Though
【解析】本文介绍了鲜为人知的侏罗岛。
【56题详解】
根据“The Island of Jura is one of Scotland’s best kept secrets—a beautiful but little known island with a population of some 200 people.”可知侏罗岛是一个很少有人知道的岛屿，people集合名词，用few修饰。故填few。
【57题详解】
根据“The Island of Jura is one of Scotland’s best kept secrets—a beautiful but little known island with a population of some 200 people.”可知岛上大约有200人居住。live表示“居住”，用现在分词作后置定语。故填living。
【58题详解】
根据“If you enjoy walking and hill climbing, for example, then the hills of Jura, which rise to more than 800 metres, should be on your list.”可知此处介绍游客可以在侏罗岛体验的活动。activity表示“活动”，此处用复数形式。故填Activities。
【59题详解】
根据“If you enjoy walking and hill climbing, for example, then the hills of Jura, which rise to more than 800 metres, should be on your list.”可知侏罗山海拔800多米，in height表示“高度”。故填height。
【60题详解】
根据“ As these walks take about seven hours, strong walking boots are recommended.”可知推荐穿步行靴，因为要走大约七个小时的路。此处用名词’s格。故填hours’。
【61题详解】
根据“You will get those special once-in-a-lifetime photos of wild animals.”可知你可以在岛上看到很多野生动物。故填animals。
【62题详解】
根据“The Ardfin Gardens are open all year round.”可知全年都可以参观Ardfin花园。此空为形容词作定语，whole表示“整个的”。故填whole。
【63题详解】
根据“Here you will see native plants mixed with plants from far-away countries.”可知你会看到本地植物和遥远国家的植物混合在一起。abroad表示“外国的”。故填abroad。
【64题详解】
根据“The Jura Hotel offers visitors nice rooms and an excellent menu, and their prices are what you would expect to pay in other parts of Scotland.”可知侏罗酒店的价格与苏格兰其他地方一样，similar形容词，后接名词，price表示“价格”。故填price。
【65题详解】
根据“From the outside it looks like any other small village shop. However, once inside you will be surprised at the goods—from delicious cakes to waterproofs and sleeping bags.”可知尽管店铺很小，但是卖很多东西。Although/Though表示“尽管”。故填Although/Though。

【南京市建邺区2022年中考英语二模试卷】
五、阅读填空（共20小题；每小题1分，满分20分）
A)任务型阅读
All children should grow up happily and healthily. However, some children are facing or will face abuse（虐待）in their lives. They’ll be hurt or touched on private(私人的) parts of their body. We call these unsafe touches and they are abuse. Unsafe touches are scary and confusing（迷惑的）because they can seem playful or gentle. Even if it can be very hard to talk about it for children who experience unsafe touches from a friend or family member, we have to talk about it.
The following six rules are “The Protect Yourself Rules” created by Barbara Sinatra Children’s Center Foundation. Children can use these rules to know unsafe situations when they see them and to know how to get away if they need it.
Safe Touch, Unsafe Touch
We know safe touches are hugs from our family or high-fives with our friends. But unsafe touches are touches on private parts of your body. No one should ever touch you on your part of body that are covered by your bathing suit or ask you to touch their private parts. However, it is okay for a doctor to touch you on your private parts when giving you a check-up when your mom or dad is in the room.
Tell a Grown-up
If someone gives you an unsafe touch, they might want you to keep it a secret. They might make you promise or give you presents to keep you from telling. But you always have to tell. You can tell your parents or another grown-up what has happened. It’s never your fault if someone touches you like this. Keep telling until someone helps you and makes sure the unsafe touches never happen again.
Stranger Safety
A stranger is a person you don’t know. Most strangers are usually nice and friendly. We don’t have to be afraid of them but we should always make smart choices around the people we don’t know. Being smart means don’t be alone with strangers or go anywhere with them even if they seem nice.
Doesn’t Matter Who It Is
Besides strangers, we should protect ourselves from any potential abuse. Even if someone may be your friend, your private parts should never be touched. But, also keep in mind that most people are good and we shouldn’t be afraid of people around us with an uneasy psychology.
Hitting Is Wrong
If someone hits you, or you see someone is being hurt, remember to tell another grown-up. Telling teachers and asking for their help is also a good choice.
Shout, Run, Tell
If anyone makes you feel unsafe, shout “stop!” or “don’t touch me!” loudly and clearly. It doesn’t matter who it is or where you are. Shout at them to stop, run away and tell the adults you trust. Don’t be scared. Shout as loud as you can. The more people that hear you, the better.
We hope children abuse never happens, but if someone hurts you, remember these six rules and use them to protect yourself.
Children’s self-protection
At present
All children should grow up happily and healthily but some children are facing or will face abuse in their lives.
For children who have experienced the abuse, it is very hard to talk about, which makes the situation ____56____.
____57____
To help more children know unsafe situations and protect themselves, Barbara Sinatra Children’s Center Foundation created “The Protect Yourself Rules”.
The Protect Yourself Rules
Safe Touch, Unsafe Touch
It’s hard to tell the ____58____ between safe touches and unsafe touches because some unsafe touches seem to be playful or gentle. Hugs from family, high-fives with friends and doctor’s check-up can be ____59____ as safe touches. Unsafe touches mean touches on private parts that are covered by bathing suit.
Tell a Grown-up
People who give you an unsafe touch might ask you to keep it a secret by ____60____ you presents. But you have to keep telling until someone helps you and makes sure that the unsafe touches never happen a ____61____ time.
Stranger Safety
We should always make smart choices around ____62____ and never be alone with them or go anywhere with them even if they seem nice.
Doesn’t Matter Who It Is
We should protect ourselves from any potential abuse. But, also ____63____ that most people are good and we should live with an easy psychology.
Hitting Is Wrong
If someone hits you, or you see someone is being hurt, remember to tell the grown-ups.
Shout, Run, Tell
If anyone makes you feel unsafe, shout in a ____64____ and clear voice, run away and tell the adults you ____65____ in. The more people that hear you, the better.
【答案】
56. worse 57. Purpose 58. differences 59. regarded
60. giving 61. second 62. strangers 63. remember 64. loud 65. believe
【解析】本文主要讲述了孩子们遇到危险时，可以使用哪些规则来保护自己。
【56题详解】
根据“ Even if it can be very hard to talk about it for children who experience unsafe touches from a friend or family member, we have to talk about it.”可知，即使对于那些经历过朋友或家人不安全触摸孩子来说，谈论它可能会很困难，但我们必须谈论它，由此推断，不谈论会使情况更糟，worse“更糟糕的”，故填worse。
【57题详解】
根据“To help more children know unsafe situations and protect themselves, Barbara Sinatra Children’s Center Foundation created “The Protect Yourself Rules”.”可知，这是在介绍创立“自我保护规则”的目的，purpose“目的”，首字母大写。故填Purpose。
【58题详解】
根据“Unsafe touches are scary and confusing（迷惑的）because they can seem playful or gentle.”可知，不安全的触摸是可怕和令人困惑的迷惑的，因为它们可能看起来幽默或温柔。由此推断，很难分辨安全触摸和不安全触摸的区别，difference“区别”，用复数形式。故填differences。
【59题详解】
根据“We know safe touches are hugs from our family or high-fives with our friends. ”和“However, it is okay for a doctor to touch you on your private parts when giving you a check-up when your mom or dad is in the room.”可知，家人的拥抱、朋友的击掌和医生的检查被认为是安全触摸，be后跟动词的过去分词构成被动语态结构，be regarded as“被认为是”。故填regarded。
【60题详解】
根据“If someone gives you an unsafe touch, they might want you to keep it a secret. They might make you promise or give you presents to keep you from telling.”可知，对你进行不安全的触摸的人可能会通过给你礼物的方式让你保密，give“给”，by为介词，其后跟动名词。故填giving。
【61题详解】
根据“Keep telling until someone helps you and makes sure the unsafe touches never happen again.”可知，你必须一直告诉别人，直到有人帮助你，并确保不安全的触摸不会再次发生。a second time“再一次”，固定短语。故填second。
【62题详解】
根据“We don’t have to be afraid of them but we should always make smart choices around the people we don’t know. ”可知，我们应该总是在陌生人身边做出明智的选择，stranger“陌生人”，此处应用复数形式表示类别。故填strangers。
【63题详解】
根据“But, also keep in mind that most people are good and we shouldn’t be afraid of people around us with an uneasy psychology.”可知，但是，也要记住，大多数人都是好的，我们不应该因为不安的心理而害怕周围的人，keep in mind=remember“记住”。故填remember。
【64题详解】
根据“If anyone makes you feel unsafe, shout “stop!” or “don’t touch me!” loudly and clearly.”可知，如果有人让你感到不安全，大声而清晰地喊“停”或“别碰我”，loud“大声”，形容词作定语。故填loud。
【65题详解】
根据“Shout at them to stop, run away and tell the adults you trust. ”可知，冲他们喊停，然后跑开，告诉你信任的大人，trust=believe in“相信”。故填believe。

【南京市建邺区2022年中考英语一模试题】
五、阅读填空（共 20 小题；每小题 1 分，满分 20 分）
A) 请认真阅读下列短文，并根据所读内容，在文章后的空格里填入一个最恰当的单词。注意：每个空格只填 1 个单词。

The traditional Chinese lunar calendar divides a year into 24 solar terms (二十四节气). Start of Summer, the 7th term of the year, begins on May 6 and ends on May 21 this year.
Start of Summer is the beginning of summer. On that day, the sun shines the Earth at an angle of 45 degrees, and later the temperature will rise quickly. Here are five things to learn more about it.
Greeting Start of Summer
The term Start of Summer was from the end of the Warring States Period(239BC). Since it is an important time for the harvest of summer crops, ancient Chinese emperors paid special attention to Start of Summer. It’s said that most of the things were in the color red, including the clothes, the horses and the flags, to wish for a good harvest.
Checking One’s Weight
The custom of weighing people at Start of Summer was from the Three Kingdoms Period (220-180). After lunch on that day, the young and the old took turns to get weighed while the person who checked the weight would offer good wishes. It is said those who were weighed would stay healthy in the hot summer and those who weren’t would be troubled with illness.
Eating Eggs
In ancient China, people believed a round egg represented a happy life and eating eggs on that day was a wish for good health. They put leftover tea into boiled water together with eggs. Then, the original(起初的) “tea egg” was created. Later, people improved cooking methods to make them taste delicious. “Tea egg” has become a traditional snack in China today.
Having Egg Competitions
Parents prepare boiled eggs and put them in a bag before hanging them on their children’s chest. When at school, children have egg competitions by hitting eggs in pairs and the one whose egg is broken fails.
Looking After the Heart
According to Chinese traditional medicine, Start of Summer is a key time to moisten (湿润) the heart. When the weather grows hotter, dampness (潮湿) and heat can do harm to people’s health. Food rich in vitamins and cool in nature is highly recommended. Vegetables such as tomatoes and carrots and fruits like watermelons and strawberries are top recommendations.
Start of Summer


Introduction
In traditional Chinese lunar calendar, a year is ____56____ into 24 solar terms, including Start of Summer.
Start of Summer marks the change of season, sunshine’s angles and temperatures.










Five things you should learn about Start of Summer
Greeting Start of Summer
·Ancient Chinese emperors paid special attention to Start of Summer____57____ it is an important time for the harvest of summer crops.
·To wish for a good harvest, most of the things were in the color red.
Checking One’s Weight
·After lunch on that day, the young and the old got weighed one by one while the person checking the weight would ____58____ people with good wishes.
·People who were weighed would be healthy in the hot summer and people who weren’t would be ____59____.
Eating Eggs
·In ancient China, people believed a round egg ____60____ for a happy life and eating eggs on that day meant a wish for good health.
·____61____ with original “tea egg”, today’s “tea egg” is more delicious because of improved cooking skills.
Having Egg Competitions
·At school, children play eggs prepared by their ____62____ and compete by hitting each other’s eggs in pairs.
·The one whose egg doesn’t break is the ____63____.
Taking ____64____ of the Heart
·When it grows hotter, dampness and heat are ____65____ to human health.
·Vegetables and fruits rich in vitamins and cool in nature are top recommendations.
【答案】
56. divided 57. since##because##as##for 58. provide 59. ill##sick
60. stood 61. Compared 62. parents 63. winner 64. Care 65. harmful
【解析】本文主要介绍了二十四节气中的立夏，包括立夏由来、风俗活动和保健建议。
【56题详解】
根据“The traditional Chinese lunar calendar divides a year into 24 solar terms (二十四节气).”可知，一年分为二十四节气，又根据空前“is”和句意可知，应用被动语态be done，“divide”“划分”的过去分词是“divided”。故填divided。
【57题详解】
根据“Since it is an important time for the harvest of summer crops, ancient Chinese emperors paid special attention to Start of Summer.”可知，因为这是夏天农作物收成的重要时间，所以古人特别注重立夏，空处应填表示“因为”的词汇。故填because/as/since/for。
【58题详解】
根据“After lunch on that day, the young and the old took turns to get weighed while the person who checked the weight would offer good wishes.”可知，那天午饭后，无论老少都会轮流称体重，而查看体重的人会提出美好愿望，空处应填表示“提供”的词汇，provide sb. with sth.“提供某人某物”。故填provide。
【59题详解】
根据“It is said those who were weighed would stay healthy in the hot summer and those who weren’t would be troubled with illness.”可知，据说称重的人会在炎热的夏天保持健康，没有称重的人会有疾病缠身，又根据空前“be”可知，空处应填形容词，表达“生病的”。故填ill/sick。
【60题详解】
根据“In ancient China, people believed a round egg represented a happy life”可知，在中国古代，人们相信圆圆的鸡蛋代表着幸福的生活，空处应填表示“代表”的词汇，又根据空后“for”可知，考查“stand for”“代表”，因句子描述过去的事情，应用一般过去时。故填stood。
【61题详解】
根据“Later, people improved cooking methods to make them taste delicious.”可知，现在的茶叶蛋比以前的更美味，又根据“with original “tea egg””可知，此处指“对比起初的茶叶蛋”，空处应填表示“对比”的词汇，且用过去分词形式表被动含义。故填Compared。
【62题详解】
根据“Parents prepare boiled eggs and put them in a bag before hanging them on their children’s chest.”可知，父母准备煮鸡蛋并把它们放在包里，因此空处填“parents”。故填parents。
【63题详解】
根据“ When at school, children have egg competitions by hitting eggs in pairs and the one whose egg is broken fails.”可知，孩子们会组队完成鸡蛋比赛，鸡蛋破了就表示失败了。根据“The one whose egg doesn’t break is the”可知，鸡蛋没有破的就是胜利者。故填winner。
【64题详解】
根据“Looking After the Heart”可知，要照顾好心脏，根据“Taking...of the Heart”可知，“take care of”和“look after”都有“照顾”的意思，标题应该大写。故填Care。
【65题详解】
根据“dampness (潮湿) and heat can do harm to people’s health”可知，潮湿和热气会伤害人们的健康，又根据“are...to human health”可知，空处应填形容词“harmful”“有害的”。故填harmful。

【南京市金陵中学集团2022年中考英语一模试题】
五、任务型阅读（共 10 小题；每小题 1 分, 满分 10 分）
阅读下面短文, 根据所读内容, 在文章后各小题的空格里填入一个最恰当的单词。注意：每个空格只填 1个单词。
Most of us have never thought about building an educational toy by ourselves. If we need a learning toy or something, we simply go to the nearest store and buy it. However, things are not as easy in third world countries. With families even having no food to put on the table, buying toys, especially the educational ones, is the last thing on the parents’ minds.
So how can one get these kids interested in science? This was a question that worried the Indian engineer Arvind Gupta so much that he decided to give up a good job and spend his life making toys from things that people no longer want or need!
Mr. Gupta began teaching in the 1970s. While still an engineering student at the Indian College of Technology, he volunteered to teach the children who could not afford to go to school. Upon graduation, he found a good job at India’s Tata Motors and spent the next five years designing cars.
But he soon realized that this was not something he wanted to do for the rest of his life. So he took a year’s training course and took part in the Hoshangabad Science Teaching Program whose aim was to make science fun and exciting for poor children using available materials.
Mr. Gupta found the whole project so satisfying that he decided to leave his high-paying job and focus his attention on designing educational toys that were not only cheap and easy to build, but are also full of scientific principles (科学原理), so that children could get interested in this interesting subject.
When the Internet started becoming a more widespread learning tool, Mr. Gupta created a Toys from Trash website and also recorded more than 250 YouTube videos.
Today, over 50, 000 children and teachers visit the website daily to download the videos for the toy creations based on cool science. Some young children have become so inspired (鼓舞) that they have even won international science competitions with the help of what he created.
Making ____56____ toys from rubbish
____57____ for making them
Most people never thought about building educational toys.
Usually people go to the nearest store to buy educational toys in ____58____.
To some families, food is more ____59____ than educational toys.
We should help children to get interested in science.
About Mr Gupta
Finding a good job and spending five years designing cars after ____60____ college.
Giving up a good job and ____61____ his life to making special toys.
Volunteering to teach the children from ____62____ families.
Taking a year’s training course to learn to make science fun and exciting for poor children Focusing his attention on designing educational toys
About the website
Toys from Trash is a website with ____63____ 250 YouTube videos
Many children visit the website and they are ____64____ with the videos for the toy creations based on cool science
With the help of his _____65_____, children have even won international science competitions
【答案】
56. educational 57. Reasons 58. need 59. necessary##important 60. leaving
61. devoting 62. poor 63. over 64. encouraged 65. creations
【解析】本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲述古普塔放弃他的好工作，制造开发有教育意义的玩具帮助贫困家庭孩子的事情。
【56题详解】
根据“Most of us have never thought about building an educational toy by ourselves”以及“Arvind Gupta...spend his life making toys from things that people no longer want or need”可知，古普塔利用废弃的物品制作有教育意义的玩具。故填educational。
【57题详解】
根据“With families even having no food to put on the table, buying toys, especially the educational ones, is the last thing on the parents’ minds”可知，第三世界国家的家庭大多贫穷，基本温饱都成问题，正是这个原因，接下来作者才决定放弃优渥的工作，从事益智玩具的制造，reason可数名词“理由”，用复数形式，注意首字母大写。故填Reasons。
【58题详解】
根据“If we need a toy or something, we go to the nearest store and buy it”可知，人们在有需要时去最近的商店买学习玩具，in need“需要”，故填need。
【59题详解】
根据“With families even having no food to put on the table, buying toys, especially the educational ones, is the last thing on the parents’ minds”可知，对于一些家庭来说，解决温饱是排在首位的。由“is more”可知，空格处应填写形容词原级，important形容词“重要的”和necessary形容词“必要的”均符合语境。故填important/necessary。
【60题详解】
根据“Upon graduation, he found a good job at India’s Tata Motors and spent the next five years designing cars”可知，毕业之后古普塔花费五年时间设计汽车。leave college“大学毕业”，after是介词，其后跟动名词。故填leaving。
【61题详解】
根据“he decided to leave his high-paying job and focus his attention on designing educational toys”可知，股普塔放弃高薪工作，全身心致力于益智玩具的设计开发。devote one’s life to意为“一生致力于”，and表并列，前后都用动名词形式。故填devoting。
【62题详解】
根据“he volunteered to teach the children who could not afford to go to school”可知，他自愿去教那些付不起学费的贫穷的孩子们，空格处修饰名词families，应填写形容词。poor形容词“贫穷的”符合语境，故填poor。
【63题详解】
根据“Mr. Gupta created a Toys from Trash website and also recorded more than 250 YouTube videos”可知，网站视频数量有250多个，more than“超过，多于”=over，故填over。
【64题详解】
根据“Today, over 50, 000 children and teachers visit the website daily to download the videos for the toy creations based on cool science. Some young children have become so inspired (鼓舞)”可知，很多孩子受到了网站视频的鼓舞激励。encourage动词“激励”，空格前有are，此处是一般现在时的被动结构am/is/are done，空格处用过去分词。故填encouraged。
【65题详解】
根据“Today, over 50, 000 children and teachers visit the website daily to download the videos for the toy creations...they have even won international science competitions with the help of what he created”可知，孩子们在古普塔发明物的激励下甚至赢得了国际科学比赛。creation可数名词“发明物”，用复数形式。故填creations。

【南京市联合体2022年中考英语二模试卷】
五、阅读填空
请认真阅读下列短文，并根据所读内容，在文章后的空格里填入一个最恰当的单词。注意：每个空格只填1个单词。
Do you know the reason why we feel tired in the middle of a class? Maybe you would say it is because the teacher’s class is boring. However, the real reason is probably that we don’t have enough sleep. Perhaps this is something you have not paid enough attention to or not yet noticed. Here are what sleep researchers have found about how to sleep.
Why do we need sleep? Sleep helps our body heal, grow, and stay healthy. It also gives us energy, so we can be active all day. Doctors and health scientists say: When you close your eyes and need a rest, sleep is just the very best! This is more than advice.
Enough sleep is important to us how much sleep do we need? It is known that all of us naturally need no less than eight hours of sleep per night. When we sleep below six hours per 24, we’re at an increased risk of health problems. Some of us think we can make up any of those hours lost during the week on the weekends. Sadly, there is no storage (储存) system for sleep in the brain.
New-born babies sleep most of the time. They can sleep 20-22 hours a day. Children need 10-12 hours of sleep a day. Teenagers need 8-10 hours of sleep a day because they need lots of energy to grow into their adult bodies. Grown-ups usually need 6-8 hours of sleep to keep active.
A new research suggests a kind of strong connection between purpose in life and sleep. People who have a greater sense of purpose usually have better physical and mental health, which in turn explains their higher-quality sleep. Perhaps developing a sense of purpose in life could be as useful at improving sleep as the healthy habits above.
Almost everyone has their dreams while they sleep, but not all of them can tell their dreams clearly when they wake up. Some people talk in their dreams. More surprisingly, some may even get up in their dreams and walk around. This is called “sleepwalking”. Are you a sleepwalker? Or, is there a sleepwalker around you?
A ____56____ on Sleep
Introduction
Not getting enough sleep can ____57____ our study and work.
Results of sleep research
Reasons for sleeping
● Sleep can not only help our body heal and grow, but also help us remain healthy.
● We can be active in the daytime because sleep makes us ____58____.
Sleep time
● People of different ____59____ need different sleep time. The older people get, the less sleep they get.
● Sleeping less than six hours a day can ____60____ the risk of health problems.
● Making up the lost sleeping hours during the workweek is ____61____.
Connection between purpose of life and sleep quality
●A sense of purpose in life is strongly ____62____ with sleep quality.
● People with a greater sense of purpose may sleep ____63____.
●People’s higher quality of sleep ____64____ on their better physical and mental health.
Interesting facts
● Some people talk in their dreams.
● It’s more ____65____ that some may even get up in their dreams and walk around.
【答案】
56. Research 57. influence 58. energetic 59. ages 60. increase
61. impossible 62. connected 63. better 64. depends 65. surprising
【解析】本文主要介绍了研究人员发现的关于睡眠一些事实。
【56题详解】
根据“Here are what sleep researchers have found about how to sleep.”及全文内容可知本文主要讲了有关睡眠的研究，“研究”research，A后用其单数形式，标题中名词首字母大写。故填Research。
【57题详解】
根据“Do you know the reason why we feel tired in the middle of a class? Maybe you would say it is because the teacher’s class is boring. However, the real reason is probably that we don’t have enough sleep.”可知没有充足的睡眠会影响学习和工作，“影响”influence，can后接动词原形。故填influence。
【58题详解】
根据“It also gives us energy, so we can be active all day.”可知充足的睡眠会让我们精力充沛，make后接形容词作宾补，“精力充沛的”energetic。故填energetic。
【59题详解】
根据第四段整段内容可知不同年龄段的人需要不同的睡眠时间。“年龄”age，different后跟可数名词复数。故填ages。
【60题详解】
根据“When we sleep below six hours per 24, we’re at an increased risk of health problems.”可知一天睡眠不足6个小时会增加健康问题的风险。“增加”increase，can后跟动词原形。故填increase。
【61题详解】
根据“Some of us think we can make up any of those hours lost during the week on the weekends. Sadly, there is no storage system for sleep in the brain.”可知在工作日期间的睡眠补回来是不可能的，be动词后跟形容词，“不可能的”impossible。故填impossible。
【62题详解】
根据“A new research suggests a kind of strong connection between purpose in life and sleep.”可知生活目标与睡眠质量密切相关。be connected with“与……有关”。故填connected。
【63题详解】
根据“Perhaps developing a sense of purpose in life could be as useful at improving sleep as the healthy habits above.”可知目标感更强的人可能睡得更好，“更好地”better，副词比较级。故填better。
【64题详解】
根据“People who have a greater sense of purpose usually have better physical and mental health, which in turn explains their higher-quality sleep.”可知人们的更高质量睡眠有赖于身心健康，depend on“取决于，依赖”，主语是不可数名词，谓语动词用第三人称单数形式。故填depends。
【65题详解】
根据“More surprisingly, some may even get up in their dreams and walk around. This is called ‘sleepwalking’.”可知有些人甚至会在梦中起床，四处走动更让人惊讶。is为系动词，后跟形容词，“令人惊讶”surprising。故填surprising。

【南京市秦淮区2022年中考英语二模试卷】
五、阅读填空（共2小题；每小题10分, 满分20分）
A）阅读下面短文， 根据所读内容， 在文章后空格里填入一个最恰当的单词，并将答案填写在相应位置上。注意： 每个空格只填1个单词。

Falling on March 20 this year, Spring Equinox, also called Chunfen in Chinese, is the fourth of the Twenty-four Solar Terms. It marks the same length（长度）of the day and night.
Have you ever wondered about the origin（起源）of this special solar term? It is said that a long time ago, as there was not enough sunlight, it was almost impossible for people to grow crops. One day, Emperor Yandi decided to fly to Penglai Island on a five-colored bird to search for the sun so that his people could enjoy a better harvest. After a dangerous journey, he brought the sun back and hung it in the sky. From then on, there were plenty of crops on Earth and people lived happily and peacefully. This day is called Chunfen.
Today, people in different places have different traditions to celebrate Chunfen. Chunfen is the best time to fly kites. The wind for kite flying can’t be too strong or too gentle. The gentle wind on the day of Chunfen perfectly satisfies those needs, so it is easier for kites to go up. It is usually a wonderful time for people, both old and young, to go to the open spaces to fly kites. It is believed that flying kites on Chunfen can drive away bad luck and bring back good luck.
Chunfen also means hope and growing up, just like the plants. Since ancient times, people ate food based on the changes of seasons. In southern China’s Fujian and Guangdong provinces, people living in villages dig wild vegetables and cook them in soup to clean their stomachs. The meals are also thought as a way to wish for a healthy and strong body. During Chunfen, wheat grows and flowers come out. Leek（韭菜）is delicious and fresh. It’s the best time to cook food with it, although cooking styles are quite different between northern and southern China.
When Chunfen comes, remember to have fresh vegetables on your table. Also, don’t say no if you are invited to take part in different activities to enjoy the good weather.
阅读短文，根据所读内容，在文章后空格里填入一个最恰当的单词，并将答案填写在相应位置上。注意：每个空格只填1个单词。
A Treasured Solar Term—Chunfen
An ____56____ to Chunfen
●As the fourth of the Twenty-four Solar Terms, it ____57____ on March 20 this year.
●The day is as ____58____ as the night on Chunfen.
A tale of Chunfen
●A long time ago, people had ____59____ growing crops, so Emperor Yandi brought the sun back.
●After that day, there were enough crops on Earth and people lived in joy and ____60____.
Traditions
Flying kites
●The gentle wind on the day of Chunfen makes kites fly up more ____61____.
●It is a wonderful time for people of all ____62____ to fly kites in the open spaces.
Eating wild vegetables
● Villagers wish for a healthy and strong body by ____63____ wild vegetables and cooking them in the soup.
●As for cooking food with leek, there are great ____64____ between northern and southern China.
Conclusion
Don’t ____65____ the invitations to take part in different activities when Chunfen comes.
【答案】
56. introduction 57. falls 58. long 59. difficulty##trouble##problems
60. peace 61. easily 62. ages 63. digging 64. differences 65. refuse
【解析】本文介绍了春分，与之有关的神话和传统的相关信息。
【56题详解】
根据课文第一段“Falling on March 20 this year...It marks the same length（长度） of the day and night.”可知春分的时间，它标志着白昼长度相同。是对春分这个节气的介绍。故填introduction。
【57题详解】
根据“Falling on March 20 this year, Spring Equinox, also called Chunfen in Chinese, is the fourth of the Twenty-four Solar Terms.”可知句子表达春分的日期，主语为it, 后面应跟动词的第三人称单数。故填falls。
【58题详解】
根据“It marks the same length（长度）of the day and night.”可知，此处是指它标志着白天和夜晚的长度一样。固定短语 as long as“和……一样长”。故填long。
【59题详解】
根据“It is said that a long time ago, as there was not enough sunlight, it was almost impossible for people to grow crops.”可推断当时人们种植农作物有困难，have difficulty/trouble/problems in doing sth“做某事有困难”。故填difficulty/trouble/problems。
【60题详解】
根据“From then on, there were plenty of crops on Earth and people lived happily and peacefully.”可知,，人们生活在幸福和平中。“and”连接词前后一致，“joy”是名词，因此空处应用名词形式。故填peace。
【61题详解】
根据“The gentle wind on the day of Chunfen perfectly satisfies those needs, so it is easier for kites to go up.”可知， 春分的风可以让风筝更容易的飞起来，makes kites fly up 是动词短语“让风筝飞起来”，需要用副词来修饰动词。故填easily。
【62题详解】
根据“It is usually a wonderful time for people, both old and young, to go to the open spaces to fly kites.”可知老幼皆可，适合于各个年龄段。age“年纪”，名词；空前有all“所有，都”，其后跟名词复数。故填ages。
【63题详解】
根据“In southern China’s Fujian and Guangdong provinces, people living in villages dig wild vegetables and cook them in soup to clean their stomachs.”可知，是通过挖野菜做野菜汤来清理肠胃的。by后面跟动名词形式，。故填digging。
【64题详解】
根据“It’s the best time to cook food with it, although cooking styles are quite different between northern and southern China.”可知， 南方和北方有许多不同之处。结合句子“there are...”可以推测此处需要填名词复数，difference“差异”，名词。故填differences。
【65题详解】
根据“Also, don’t say no if you are invited to take part in different activities to enjoy the good weather.”可知， 此处表示不要拒绝这个邀请。 the invitations“邀请”是名词短语，前面需要动词，表示”拒绝”。助动词“do”后用动词原形，故填refuse。

【南京市秦淮区2022年中考英语一模试题】
五、阅读填空（共20小题；每小题1分，满分20分）
A) 阅读下面短文，根据所读内容，在文章后小题的空格里填入一个最恰当的单词。注意：每个空格只有1个单词。
If you were born after 1995, then you won’t remember life before the Internet. Being connected through smartphones and social media is now just a part of growing up for many teenagers. Most of them have many nice experiences online, but there are risks as well.
Social media allows teens to communicate with others and build social networks. These networks can provide teens with valuable support. Teens also use social media for entertainment and self-expression. The platforms such as QQ, WeChat and Weibo, can help teens become aware of the latest events, allow them to communicate across distance and teach them all kinds of subjects, including how to behave well. A wide social network might even help teens avoid social worries.
However, social media use can also do harm to teens. The risks might be connected with how much social media teens use. A 2019 study of more than 6,500 teens in the U.S. found that those who spent more than three hours a day using social media might be at higher risk for mental (心理的) health problems. And an older study on students showed that the more time the students spent going out with their friends, the happier they might feel. Here are tips for you to make good use of social media:
● Discuss your social media habits with your parents. Ask your parents how he or she is using social media and how it makes him or her feel.
● Talk to your parents about how to avoid letting social media influence your activities, sleep, meals or homework. Keep smartphones out of your bedrooms and avoid electronic media use before bedtime.
● Ask your parents what is proper and safe to share on the social media. Have more face-to-face contact with your friends. This is especially important for teens who are weak to social worries.
Teens’ life with social media
Background
Now teenagers’ life is closely ____56____ with the use of smartphones and social media
Influences
____57____
●Build social networks and ____58____ teens valuable support.
●Help teens ____59____ the latest events and gain more knowledge.
●Make ____60____ between teens across distance possible.
Risk
●____61____ mental health problems if teens use social media too much.
____62____ for using social media.
●Ask your parents for advice on how they used and ____63____ about it.
●Make rules for ____64____ social media influencing your activities, sleep, meals or homework.
●Share with others safely and ______65______, and have more face-to-face contact with friends.
【答案】
56. connected 57. Advantages 58. offer 59. know 60. communication
61. Cause 62. Tips##Advice##Suggestions 63. felt 64. stopping##preventing 65. properly
【解析】本文主要介绍了社交媒体对青少年的影响，包括好处和危害，并就如何正确使用社交媒体提出了具体建议。
【56题详解】
根据“Being connected through smartphones and social media is now just a part of growing up for many teenagers.”可知，青少年生活与智能手机和社交媒体的使用密切相关，be connected with...“与……有联系”。故填connected。
【57题详解】
根据表格对应内容可知，此处指的是社交媒体给青少年带来的好处，即它的优点，advantage表示“优点”，不止一个，用复数形式，首字母大写。故填Advantages。
【58题详解】
根据“These networks can provide teens with valuable support.”可知，社交媒体可以为青少年提供有价值的支持，offer sb sth表示“给某人提供某物”，与provide sb with sth同义。故填offer。
【59题详解】
根据“The platforms such as QQ, WeChat and Weibo, can help teens become aware of the latest events”可知，社交媒体可以帮助青少年了解最新事件，know“知道、了解”，与become aware of同义。故填know。
【60题详解】
根据“allow them to communicate across distance”可知，社交媒体让远距离交流成为可能，空处缺少名词作宾语，communication“交流”符合原文。故填communication。
【61题详解】
根据“...those who spent more than three hours a day using social media might be at higher risk for mental (心理的) health problems.”可知，社交媒体可能给青少年造成心理问题，cause“引起，造成”符合原文，首字母大写。故填Cause。
【62题详解】
根据“Here are tips for you to make good use of social media”和表格对应内容可知，空处指的是使用社交媒体的建议，tip/advice/suggestion表示“建议”，tip和suggestion是可数名词，需变复数，首字母大写。故填Tips/Advice/Suggestions。
【63题详解】
根据“Ask your parents how he or she is using social media and how it makes him or her feel.”可知，第一个建议是问父母使用社交媒体的方式和感受，feel“感觉”符合原文，根据空前“how they used and...”可知，空处应用动词过去式。故填felt。
【64题详解】
根据“...how to avoid letting social media influence your activities, sleep, meals or homework.”可知，第二个建议是要阻止社交媒体影响自己的日常生活，结合句子结构，stop/prevent...doing...表示“阻止……做……”，介词for后接动名词。故填stopping/preventing。
【65题详解】
根据“Ask your parents what is proper and safe to share on the social media.”可知，第三个建议是在社交媒体上分享信息要注意安全和得当，proper“合适的，正确的”符合原文，根据空前“safely and...”可知，需用副词形式。故填properly。

【南京市玄武区2022年中考英语二模试卷】
五、阅读填空（共 20 小题；每小题 1 分，满分 20 分）
A) 阅读下面短文，根据所读内容，在文章后第 1—10 小题的空格里填入一个最恰当的单词。

What is this? Japanese ikebana(花道)? No, it’s Chinese traditional flower arrangement. They seem similar, but actually differ.
Recalling experiences in flower arrangement competitions abroad, Zhang Yan, a master and an inheritor(传承人) of Chinese traditional flower arrangement, said her works were often mistaken for ikebana. Zhang sighed, “We need more publicity on Chinese traditional flower arrangement.” Zhang hopes to do her part to introduce the art form.
Inheritance from history
The art of Chinese traditional flower arrangement has been handed down since 1046 BC. Historical records show it has served as offerings at temples, decorations in the palaces and art at homes.
“Though it has a history of more than 3,000 years, the flower arrangement is still limited to the bouquets(花束) in flower shops,” Zhang said. Because of that, Zhang began to study historical records on flower arrangement in China. “If people are familiar with the history of Chinese traditional flower arrangement, they would definitely feel proud of its centuries-old history, and think about why it’s not as well-known as ikebana, and find ways to give it a new life.”
In 2008, Chinese traditional flower arrangement was included in the second batch of National Intangible Cultural Heritage(国家非物质文化遗产). To Zhang, it is the art form’s rich historical meaning that makes it heritage, and this national acceptance leads to more public understanding.
The future
Today, more and more people are learning Chinese traditional flower arrangement, not just professional florists(花艺师) but also those who take it as a hobby, even little kids. “I hope we can continue to hold an ability to appreciate the beauty in our life,” Zhang added.
Chinese traditional flower arrangement is not only a decoration, but can also serve as a form of therapy for modern busy bees.
“Different from its Western counterpart, Chinese traditional flower arrangement highlights simplicity,” Zhang said. The arranger must decide on what is truly necessary in his or her work and remove the rest. Sometimes learners are moved to tears because they begin to think what is truly necessary in their life.
“Today’s people often take no notice of the really important things in life,” said Zhang. The healing effect of Chinese traditional flower arrangement is realized when the arranger finally understands what they truly need.
In Zhang’s view, Chinese traditional flower arrangement can give us more besides its healing effects, and the key lies in the exploration of traditional Chinese culture.
“It comes from traditional Chinese culture, and it is part of it,” Zhang argued. “Only when it absorbs nutrition(营养) from traditional Chinese culture can it bloom and be world-known.”
“Our mission is to develop and inherit traditional Chinese culture,” Zhang added.
Chinese traditional flower arrangement
Situation
Chinese traditional flower arrangement is easily ____56____ for ikebana since the world doesn’t know it well.
Inheritance from history
A long history
It has served as offerings at temples, decorations in the palaces and art at homes for 3000 years.
The ____57____ for learning about its history
It has a long history, ____58____ the flower arrangement is still limited to the bouquets.
People may have a sense of ____59____ and find ways to give it a new life.
Acceptance as heritage
It is ____60____ by the country because of the rich historical meaning and this acceptance will lead to more public understanding.
The future
More publicity
More and more people have shown an ____61____ in it. No matter whether we make it our career or hobby, it is important to find out how ____62____ our life is.
Highlight
____63____ its Western counterpart, Chinese traditional flower arrangement prefers to be simple.
Healing effects
It can heal people by helping them find out their real ____64____.
What matters most is to ____65____ traditional
Chinese culture.
Our mission
It’s our duty to develop and inherit traditional Chinese culture.
【答案】
56. mistaken 57. reasons 58. but 59. pride 60. accepted
61. interest 62. beautiful 63. Unlike 64. need##needs 65. explore
【解析】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了张燕是如何成为中国传统插花大师和传承者的，张燕希望能将中国传统插花艺术推向世界。
【56题详解】
根据“her works were often mistaken for ikebana”可知，张燕的作品经常被误认为是花道。故填mistaken。
【57题详解】
根据“ ‘Though it has a history of more than 3,000 years, the flower arrangement is still limited to the bouquets(花束) in flower shops,’ Zhang said. Because of that...”可知，空处描述张燕学习传统插花历史的两个原因，空处应填“reason”“原因”的复数形式。故填reasons。
【58题详解】
根据“Though it has a history of more than 3,000 years, the flower arrangement is still limited to the bouquets(花束) in flower shops”可知，虽然它有三千多年历史，但是插花还是只局限在花店的花束插花，此处表转折。故填but。
【59题详解】
根据“ they would definitely feel proud of its centuries-old history”可知，人们会对这历史感到骄傲；又根据题干“have a sense of ...”可知，空处应填名词“骄傲”“pride”。故填pride。
【60题详解】
根据“this national acceptance leads to more public understanding”可知，国家的认可会得到更多民众的理解；又根据题干“It is ... by the country”可知，句子使用被动语态be done，空处应填“accept”“接受”的过去分词形式“accepted”。故填accepted。
【61题详解】
根据“Today, more and more people are learning Chinese traditional flower arrangement, not just professional florists(花艺师) but also those who take it as a hobby, even little kids.”可知，越来越多人学习传统插花，而且还把它当做一个爱好；又根据题干“More and more people have shown an ... in it”可知，空处应填名词单数，指人们对它感兴趣。故填interest。
【62题详解】
根据“I hope we can continue to hold an ability to appreciate the beauty in our life”可知，我希望我们能继续拥有欣赏生活中的美的能力；又根据题干“ how ... our life is”可知，此处指发现我们的生活有多美，空处应填形容词“beautiful”。故填beautiful。
【63题详解】
根据“Different from its Western counterpart, Chinese traditional flower arrangement highlights simplicity”可知，不同于西方插花，中国的传统插花强调简洁；又根据题干“...its Western counterpart”可知，空处应填介词“unlike”“与……不同”，位于句首的单词首字母需大写。故填Unlike。
【64题详解】
根据“The healing effect of Chinese traditional flower arrangement is realized when the arranger finally understands what they truly need”可知，传统插花的治愈效果是让插花者明白他们真正的需求；又根据题干“their real...”可知，空处应填名词“need”。故填need/needs。
【65题详解】
根据“the key lies in the exploration of traditional Chinese culture”可知，关键在于传统插花文化的探索；又根据题干“What matters most is to...traditional Chinese culture.”可知，此处指探索传统插花文化，空处应填动词原形“explore”。故填explore。

【南京市玄武区2022年中考英语一模试题】
五、阅读填空。（共20小题；每小题1分，满分20分）
A ）阅读下面短文根据所读内容在文章后第1-10小题的空格里填入一个最恰当的单词，并将答案填写在答题卡标号为1-10的相应位置上。注意：每个空格只填一个单词。
For the past 20 years, the Touching China Annual People Award has honored people from all walks of life across the country. This year, 10 inspirational role models (榜样) were on the list. Let’s look at two of them. They both have the same quality: they dedicate to serve the country in their own way.

Yang Zhenning
●Age: 99
●Profession: physicist
●Chosen for: making great contributions to physics.
No matter where he has been, Yang Zhenning has always had his motherland in mind. In 1957, Yang was studying in the US. He and another Chinese student, Tsung-dao Lee, came up with a physics theory together. Months later, the two won the Nobel Prize in Physics for their theory. Their achievement proved that Chinese scientists could be on the global frontier (前沿).
However, the “frozen” Sino-US (中美) relations prevented Chinese scientists who received doctoral degrees (博士学位) in the US from returning to China.
Then, in 1971, Yang finally managed to return to China for a visit. Later, Yang sold a house in the US, donating the money to Tsinghua University. In 2003, Yang returned to China and also taught at Tsinghua.
Under his influence, many overseas Chinese have returned to China to make contributions.
“I am as proud of my Chinese heritage (传统) and background as I am devoted to modern science, a part of human civilization (文明) of Western origin.”

Su Bingtian
●Age: 32
●Profession: sprinter
●Chosen for: challenging himself and breaking limits (极限).
On Aug 12021, Su set a new record of 9.83 seconds in the Tokyo Olympics.
Men’s 100m semifinals, making him the first Chinese runner to enter the final in the event.
For a long time, there was an idea that Asian people were not physically built to succeed in sprinting. Su’s success made the idea sound ridiculous (荒唐的) and inspired many people.
But the way to success was never easy for Su. Because of an injury, Su had to stop running for several years. He even planned to retire (退役) in 2017. But the call to challenge himself brought Su back to the track. To increase his strength, Su trained even harder than before.
He realized that finishing the semifinal in less than 10 seconds would earn him the chance to enter the final competition. To encourage himself, Su set a personal goal of 9.89 seconds. He even made the number his personal password for his phone and computer. Luckily , his efforts paid off.
“I hope my performance today could serve as an inspiration for younger athletes in their sporting careers.”
Role Models
___56___ for being chosen
Stories
Yang Zhenning 99, a physicist
Making great contributions to physics
* In 1957, he won the Nobel Prize in Physics with Tsung-dao Lee. Their achievement proved that Chinese could be___57___ scientists in this field as well.
* The “frozen” Sino-US (中美) relations made it ___58___ for them to go back to China.
* In 1971, Yang visited China ___59___ and donated the money to Tsinghua University.
* In 2003, he returned to China and started to teach in Tsinghua.
* Many overseas Chinese return to China to make contributions because he has ___60___ them a lot.
Su Bingtian 32, a sprinter
Challenging himself and going___61___ limits
* On Aug1 2021, Su set a new record in the Tokyo Olympics and he was the first Chinese runner to enter the final in the event.
* His success ___62___ the idea that Asian people were not physically limits built to succeed in sprinting.
* He kept on training harder ___63___ he faced many difficulties on his way to success.
* He was ___64___ of his personal goal in many different ways in his everyday life.
* His efforts paid off.
Conclusion
They have something in ____65____: dedication to serving the country in their own way.
【答案】
56. Reasons 57. top##pioneer 58. hard##difficult 59. successfully 60. influenced
61. beyond 62. changed 63. though##although 64. reminded 65. common
【解析】本文主要介绍了今年感动中国人物中的其中两位——杨振宁和苏炳添。
【56题详解】
根据“Making great contributions to physics”以及“Challenging himself and going...limits”可知这是他们被选的原因，reason“原因”，此处用名词复数表示泛指，放句首首字母大写。故填Reasons。
【57题详解】
根据“Their achievement proved that Chinese scientists could be on the global frontier”可知他们的成就证明了中国科学家可以走在全球前沿，即中国人也可以成为顶尖科学家/先驱科学家，top“顶端的”，形容词作定语，修饰“scientist”；pioneer scientist“先驱科学家”。故填top/pioneer。
【58题详解】
根据“ However, the “frozen” Sino-US relations prevented Chinese scientists who received doctoral degrees in the US from returning to China”可知“冻结”的中美关系阻碍了在美国获得博士学位的中国科学家回国，即对于他们来说很难回国，make it adj. for sb. to do sth.“使做某事对某人来说是……的”，hard/difficult“困难的”。故填hard/difficult。
【59题详解】
根据“in 1971, Yang finally managed to return to China for a visit.”可知在1971年杨振宁终于成功地回国访问，此处修饰动词“visit”用副词successfully“成功地”。故填successfully。
【60题详解】
根据“ Under his influence, many overseas Chinese have returned to China to make contributions”可知在他的影响下，许多华侨回国建功，此处用过去分词influenced“影响”和前面的助动词has构成现在完成时。故填influenced。
【61题详解】
根据“Chosen for: challenging himself and breaking limits”可知苏炳添被选的原因是挑战自我，突破极限，go beyond“超出”，go beyond limits“突破极限”。故填beyond。
【62题详解】
根据“Su’s success made the idea sound ridiculous and inspired many people”可知苏的成功让这个想法听起来很荒谬，即他的成功改变了这种想法，change“改变”，动作发生在过去，用一般过去时，动词用过去式。故填changed。
【63题详解】
根据“But the way to success was never easy for Su...But the call to challenge himself brought Su back to the track...Su trained even harder than before.”可知虽然通往成功的路不容易，但是他仍然努力训练，此处用though/although引导让步状语从句。故填though/although。
【64题详解】
根据“To encourage himself, Su set a personal goal of 9.89 seconds. He even made the number his personal password for his phone and computer.”可知为了鼓励自己，苏定下了9.89秒的个人目标，他甚至把这个号码作为他手机和电脑的个人密码，所以他用不同的方式提醒自己不要忘记自己的目标，remind“提醒”，此处用过去分词和前面的be动词构成被动语态。故填reminded。
【65题详解】
根据“They both have the same quality: they dedicate to serve the country in their own way.”可知他们有共同点，have sth. in common“有共同点”。故填common。