高中英语高考2022届外研版（2019）高中英语一轮复习课堂练习1 ：必修1 Unit 1　A new start Word版含解析

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必修第一册　Unit 1　A new start

A组·基础巩固

Ⅰ. 语法填空

A

(2020·宁夏银川一中等校第一次联考)I got butterflies in my stomach when I started calligraphy class ten years ago. I wondered what I was doing there. At that moment, I couldn't have known that I'd just made one of the best 1. ________ (choose) of my life.

I sat down and the teacher started by 2. ________ (introduce) the tools of the craft. Then it was time for me to try my hand. I took up the brush, using the correct gesture, 3. ________ (dip) it in the ink, and carefully wrote “one” 4. ________ Chinese.

After nearly five years of practice, I started to make versions of well­known poems. Calligraphy seemed like a bridge, 5. ________ connected me to authors from centuries past. Stroke (笔画) by stroke, word by word, I could feel their emotions, cherished my own peace and learned 6. ________ (appreciate) my daily life.

Now, calligraphy is not just 7. ________ hobby, but a way to remove myself from the 8. ________ (worry) of life. Rolling out the paper, I can write for a whole day. Calligraphy 9. ________ (enable) me to balance my busy schedule and live 10. ________ (peace)．

【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者学习书法的经历及书法对自己的影响，书法使作者能够平衡繁忙的日程，过上平静的生活。

1. choices　考查名词的单复数。“one of＋the＋形容词最高级＋可数名词复数”是固定搭配，意为“最……的……之一”，故填choices。

2. introducing　考查非谓语动词。分析句子可知，此处作介词by的宾语，应用动名词形式，故填introducing。

3. dipped　考查动词的时态。分析句子可知，and连接三个并列的动作，根据“took up”和“wrote”可知，此处应用一般过去时，故填dipped。

4. in　考查介词。“in＋某种语言”表示“使用某种语言”，故填in。

5. which　考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知，设空处引导非限制性定语从句，关系词在从句中作主语，先行词为bridge，指物，故填which。

6. to appreciate　考查固定用法。learn to do... 是固定用法，表示“学会做……”，故填to appreciate。

7. a　考查冠词。此处泛指“一种爱好”，且hobby是以辅音音素开头的可数名词，故填a。

8. worries　考查名词的单复数。worry表示“令人烦恼的事”时是可数名词，根据语境，生活中令人烦恼的事不止一件，故填worries。

9. enables　考查动词的时态和主谓一致。enable sb. to do sth. 表示“使某人能够做某事”，此处陈述的是客观事实，应用一般现在时，主语是Calligraphy，谓语动词用第三人称单数形式，故填enables。

10. peacefully　考查词性转换。此处修饰动词live，应用副词，故填peacefully。

B

China has named 24，126 primary and middle schools across the country specialist football schools 1. ________ (lead) youth football development, according to the Ministry of Education(MOE). It's required that at least one football class 2. ________ (offer) each week in these schools so that they can encourage their students to 3. ________ (active) participate in football training and matches.

China aims to have 50，000 schools specialising in youth football by the end of 2025, said Wang Dengfeng, an official with the MOE, 4. ________ (add) that to realise this goal, the ministry will take various measures that include building school football fields, training football coaches and providing extra funding and policy support. 5. ________ those measures in schools, 47 football training camps have also been built in 6. ________ effort to promote the sport among young people. And outstanding or 7. ________ (gift) players will also have the chance to join inter­school teams for regional 8. ________ (competition) and even national summer camps.

In the past four years, local education departments have trained about 40，000 football teachers, 8，000 of 9. ________ have obtained coaching certificates. Moreover, the country 10. ________ (step) up its efforts in promoting football in schools since it set up a seven­department joint task force, including the education, sport and finance authorities as well as the Chinese Football Association.

【语篇解读】本文是一篇新闻稿。中国已命名全国24 126所中小学为特色足球学校，以此来促进青少年足球的发展，打造中国特色足球青训体系。

1. to lead　考查非谓语动词。句中主谓宾结构完整，所填词为非谓语动词，此处表示目的，用动词不定式，故填to lead。

2. (should) be offered　考查虚拟语气和被动语态。句中It为形式主语，that引导的从句为主语从句，require表示“要求”，主语从句是“被要求”的内容，主语从句要用“should＋动词原形”结构，should常常可以省略。主语从句中的主语是one football class, 与谓语动词offer之间是动宾关系，是动作的接受者，要用被动语态，此处为should be offered，可省略should, 故填(should) be offered。

3. actively　考查副词。句中所填词修饰动词短语participate in，要用副词，要填active的副词形式，故填actively。

4. adding　考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，所填词为非谓语动词，非谓语动词的逻辑主语为Wang Dengfeng, an official with the MOE，是非谓语动词动作的执行者，且非谓语动词动作与前面主句动词said同时发生，所以要用现在分词，故填adding。

5. Besides　考查介词。所填词后跟名词measures，所填词应为介词，句中逗号后的内容是对逗号前的内容的补充，两部分属同类，用介词besides“除……之外(还)”，句中首字母大写，故填Besides。

6. an　考查固定用法。in an effort to do“努力做……”是固定用法，effort前要用不定冠词an，故填an。

7. gifted　考查形容词。所填词修饰名词players，可以用形容词，表示“有天赋的运动员”。gifted是形容词，意为“有天赋的”，符合题意，故填gifted。

8. competitions　考查名词的单复数。competition在句中意为“比赛，竞赛”，是可数名词，and后为camps，是名词复数，and连接的部分要对称平行，所以and前的名词也要用复数，故填competitions。

9. whom　考查非限制性定语从句。空格处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词是teachers，指人，非限制性定语从句中介词of后要用关系代词whom，故填whom。

10. has stepped　考查动词的时态和主谓一致。句中since引导时间状语从句，表示从过去开始延续到现在的一段时间，主句要用现在完成时，主句的主语是the country，名词单数，故填has stepped。

Ⅱ. 根据提示补全句子

1. 我们正在看电视，这时所有的灯突然熄灭了。(be doing... when...)

We were watching TV when all the lights went out.

2. 一听到老师的声音，学生们立即停止讲话。(现在分词短语作状语)

Hearing the teacher's voice, the pupils stopped talking at once.

3. 看看这些乌云，看起来好像要下雨了。(as if)

Look at these clouds. It looks as if it is going to rain.

4. 昨晚一定下过雨，因为今天早上地面是湿的。(must have done)

It must have rained last night, for the ground is wet this morning.

B组·能力提升

Ⅰ. 阅读理解

A

I always wanted to be extraordinary at something. Not just as in, “Great job, Jimbo！” No, I wanted to be best­in­class, awe­inspiring, tiptop, a world­famous genius, like Michael Phelps or Mark Zuckerberg.

Unfortunately, my version of reality did not quite line up with this delusional vision. I was a good swimmer, but I peaked at the collegiate State Championships level. My academic record was pretty solid, but I never would have made it into one of those ivy­league schools.

Though I rose to above­average status in a couple of areas, the disappointing truth was that I would never amount to anything more than a mid­sized fish in a small pond.

What drove me crazy, though, was the superstar talent thrown in my face at every turn. Some folks just seemed to get an unfair intensive dose (剂量) of it. Why couldn't I be like Bernie William, the famed New Yorkees player who also happens to be a world­class jazz guitar virtuoso (艺术大师)?

Some say greatness is simply a function of putting in the practice time. Around ten thousand hours, to be precise, according to author Malcolm Gladwell. I don't question the theory of devoting extraordinary efforts to developing one's expertise, but it seems that raw talent is equally important. You either have it or you don't.

I've heard that as people approach middle age, their life satisfaction increases because they begin to accept the gap between the expectations for themselves and the reality. After a few decades of frustration without the desired results, we eventually come to terms with how our lives turned out, even if it falls far short of our idealised youthful expectations.

Hope bends, it seems.

1. What does the underlined word “delusional” in Paragraph 2 most probably mean?

A. Imaginary.  B. Realistic.  C. Abstract.  D. Practical.

2. In the passage, the writer thinks of himself as ________.

A. a world­famous genius

B. a mid­sized fish in a small pond

C. a world­class virtuoso

D. a student in an ivy­league school

3. According to the writer, what makes “greatness”？

A. Extraordinary efforts.

B. Ten thousand hours of practice.

C. Raw talent.

D. Talent and time.

4. Which of the following might be the best title?

A. Hope Bends

B. Frustrating Decades

C. Practice Works

D. Youthful Expectations

【语篇解读】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。作者年少时想成为最优秀的人，但是实际与期望有偏差，成功需要有天赋以及付出时间。最后，在经历了几十年的挫折却没有得到想要的结果之后，我们最终会接受我们的生活，即使它远远达不到我们理想的年轻时的期望。

1. A　词义猜测题。根据画线词前的“Unfortunately, my version of reality did not quite line up with this delusional vision.”可知，此处的妄想是指第一段中作者希望自己是个十分优秀的人，故此处delusional与reality意思相反，由此可推知画线单词的意思为“想象的”。故选A。

2. B　细节理解题。根据第三段内容可知，作者认为自己是小池塘里的中等大小的鱼。故选B。

3. D　细节理解题。根据第五段中的“Some say greatness is simply a function of putting in the practice time.”以及下文中的“I don't question the theory of devoting extraordinary efforts to developing one's expertise, but it seems that raw talent is equally important.”可知，作者认为，是天赋和时间造就了“伟大”。故选D。

4. A　标题归纳题。根据最后一段“Hope bends, it seems.”及作者自身的经历可知A选项“希望屈服了”适合作文章标题。故选A。

B

(2021·湖南五校联考)There has been a lot of such news lately. As far as the problems with today's schools are concerned, we can go back to how our culture has evolved.

In general, our culture, as represented in the media, gets excited by famous stars, and stresses that it's what you have, not what you are, that counts. Parents are encouraged to be away from even very small children for most of the day. Too many people vote for politicians who would rather cut school funding than stop tax cuts for the wealthy. All contributes greatly to the problems of educating our children.

Today's teachers have to deal with a culture that is vastly different than that in the past. They report that there is, among more children than ever, a lack of motivation, no drive to succeed or even try. In the media, the role models that boys see mostly consist of men in comedies and other shows, who are rude and often extremely childish; self­centered overpaid athletes; men in movies, television or video games, who are violent and powerful. As Leonard Sax wrote in Boys Adrift, “Teenage boys are looking for models of mature adulthood, but we no longer make any collective effort to provide such models.”

Girls are attacked not only with such annoying images of males, but also with women who are extremely materialistic.

In such a cultural environment, it is more important than ever to have responsible parents who are devoted to their children and see to it as their duty to model for them and raise them with high standards of honesty and responsibility. They need to care enough to see that their children are not attacked with the rubbish that comes from movies, television and computer screens.

In today's culture, they are basically alone in this effort since, unfortunately, so much is working against them. Until we, as a culture, face the truth about ourselves — that we are not providing adequately for a great many of our children, as Jim Taylor titled his book Your Children Are Under Attack.

5. What does “such news” in the beginning most probably involve?

A. Cultural evolution.

B. Financial risk from tax cuts.

C. Problems in education.

D. Social influence of the media.

6. What does today's culture bring to the children?

A. Narrow access to entertainment.

B. Poor social abilities.

C. Few materialistic models.

D. Too much negative effect.

7. What do parents have to do in today's culture?

A. Find more models for their children.

B. Keep their kids from the bad effect of the media.

C. Forbid their children to use computers.

D. Encourage their children to stay at school.

8. What is the author's attitude towards today's culture?

A. Indifferent.  B. Ambiguous.  C. Dissatisfied.  D. Approving.

【语篇解读】本文是一篇议论文。文章主要讨论了如今的学校存在很多问题，其中最大的问题与我们的文化密切相关。这种文化问题让孩子们缺乏动力和对成功的欲望，孩子们没有正确的榜样，以及在这样的文化中父母需要对孩子付出更多却得不到支持。

5. C　推理判断题。根据第一段中的“As far as the problems with today's schools are concerned, we can go back to how our culture has evolved.”可知，“such news”指的是学校里的问题，即“这样的新闻”最可能涉及的是教育问题。故选C。

6. D　细节理解题。根据第三段中的“They report that there is, among more children than ever, a lack of motivation, no drive to succeed or even try.”可知，今天的文化给孩子们带来了太多的负面影响。故选D。

7. B　细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中的“They need to care enough to see that their children are not attacked with the rubbish that comes from movies, television and computer screens.”可知，在今天的文化中，父母必须让他们的孩子远离媒体的不良影响。故选B。

8. C　观点态度题。根据最后一段中的“Until we, as a culture, face the truth about ourselves — that we are not providing adequately for a great many of our children, as Jim Taylor titled his book”可知，作者对当今文化的态度是不满意的。故选C。

Ⅱ. 完形填空

I was 17 years old. Along with a dozen other boys I had made a long trip to Iowa in order to see a college that I was thinking of   1  . While the trip had been   2   for the most part, now that I was there I was feeling depressed, alone, and isolated. I was missing my   3   and I was also missing the Appalachian mountains and the forests of my home. I loved   4   the leaves turned a thousand shades of green in the spring and then   5   a sea of red, gold, and orange in the fall.

Here in Iowa everything was   6  . The grass looked burnt and brown. All that I could   7   was a mixture of corn, mud, and pigs. I walked outside the dormitory of the college and sat on an old stump. I closed my eyes and   8   being back home again. When I finally opened them, however, I saw something that touched my   9  . It was a Prairie Sunset. It seemed to   10   the sky from horizon to horizon. Gold, red, purple and pink clouds all   11   together in a picture painted by one's own hand. It was so huge that it took my breath away. It made our mountain sunsets seem   12   by comparison. I realised that this place also had its own special beauty. This place also was a part of nature's   13  .

Over the years to come I learned something else. Each of us has a special beauty   14  . We all have our own   15   talents and abilities. We all have a beautiful, powerful love that only we can share.

1. A. assisting B. attending C. visiting D. quitting

2. A. fun B. hard C. novel D. tiresome

3. A. chance B. school C. family D. goal

4. A. when B. how C. why D. whether

5. A. became B. flooded C. drew D. surrounded

6. A. easy B. beautiful C. flat D. rough

7. A. hear B. touch C. taste D. smell

8. A. cared about B. prepared for C. dreamed of D. thought over

9. A. body B. soul C. face D. pain

10. A. fill B. cover C. separate D. block

11. A. folded B. sank C. escaped D. flowed

12. A. tiny B. pale C. splendid D. weak

13. A. change B. punishment C. creation D. reflection

14. A. as well B. in addition C. for sure D. in between

15. A. extra B. unique C. possible D. reasonable

【语篇解读】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。作者参观了自己正考虑就读的大学，起初对于那里的风景感到失望，但后来被那里的落日的景色震撼。由此感叹，每个地方、每个人都有独特的美。

1. B　作者去爱荷华州是为了考查自己想要就读的大学，故选B。

2. A　根据语境及本句结构可知，本句与后半句“I was feeling depressed, alone, and isolated”表转折关系，这趟行程大部分都很有趣，故选A。

3. C　此处表示作者想念家人，故选C。

4. B　句意：我喜欢看树叶在春天变成一千种不同的绿色，然后在秋天变成一片红色、金色和橙色的海洋。这里how表示“方式”，故选B。

5. A　此处指树叶在秋天变成五彩斑斓的海洋，故选A。

6. C　通过上文对家乡美景的描述可知，作者做出对比，这里的一切都是平淡和单调的，故选C。

7. D　作者起初对此地心生厌弃，所以能闻到的只有玉米、泥土和猪的混合气味。此处为嗅觉感触，故选D。

8. C　作者起初对此地失望，再一次想到了家乡，故选C。

9. B　作者看到五彩斑斓的云布满天空，感受到了心灵的震颤，触动了灵魂，故选B。

10. A　这里指云彩漫布天际，故选A。

11. D　这里是指云彩瞬息万变，像是在一幅画里四处流动(flow)，故选D。

12. A　根据上文中的“It was so huge that it took my breath away.”可知，此处与huge形成对比，故选A。

13. C　根据上文对于落日的描述可知，这个地方的美也是自然创造的，故选C。

14. A　此句为作者在目睹爱荷华州落日之后发出的感慨，风景很美，我们每个人亦如是，故选A。

15. B　根据上文作者对于爱荷华州的落日的描述可知，这个地方有它独特的美，由景联想到人，每个人同样都有独特的美，故选B。