2022-2023学年江西省九江第一中学高二上学期期中英语考试（解析版）

这是一份2022-2023学年江西省九江第一中学高二上学期期中英语考试（解析版），共23页。
九江一中2022-2023学年高二年级上学期
期中英语试卷
注意事项：
1.本试卷分第 I 卷（选择题）和第 II 卷（非选择题）两部分，共 150 分，答题时间 120 分钟。答题前， 考生务必将自己的姓名、考生号填写在答题卡上。
2.第 I 卷（选择题）答案必须使用 2B 铅笔填涂；第 II 卷（非选择题）必须将答案写在答题卡上，写在本试卷上无效。
3.考试结束，将答题卡交回，试卷由个人妥善保管。
第一部分听力（共两节，满分 30 分）
第一节(共 5 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 7.5 分)
听下面五段对话，每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的 A、B、C 三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你将有 10 秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题，每段对话仅读一遍。
1.When will the woman meet the organizer?
A. On the 6th. B．On the 10th. C．On the 28th.
2.What will the man probably do next?
A. Eat a huge meal. B．Have some cake. C．Buy a birthday gift.
3.Why can’t the woman play with the boy?
A．She needs to bake a cake.
B．She needs to take a break.
C．She needs to finish some work.
4.What’s the probable relationship between the speakers?
A．A couple. B．Co-workers. C．Boss and worker.
5.What’s the reason that the man think they should go to the park today?
A. The park is clean. B．The crowds are small. C．The weather is nice all day.
第二节（共 15 小题，每小题 1.5 分；满分 22.5 分）
听下面 5 段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的 A、B、C 三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题 5 秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出 5 秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听下面一段对话，回答第 6 和第 7 两个小题。
6.How does the man feel?
A. Relaxed. B．Worried. C．Angry.
7.Where does the woman think the book might be?
A. In the yard. B．In the school. C．In their room.
听下面一段对话，回答第 8 和第 9 两个小题。
8.What was the woman doing in China before?
A. Working. B．Studying. C．Traveling.
9.Which area would probably have an amusement park?
A. Area 1. B．Area 2. C．Area 3.
听下面一段对话，回答第 10 至第 12 三个小题。
10.Where does the conversation probably take place?
A. In the hotel bar. B．In a hotel room. C．At the hotel check-in desk.
11.What company does the man work for?
A. Lloyds Bank B．Marriot Hotel. C．Trask Restaurant.
12.When is the main bar open?
A．All day.
B．From 6:00 p.m. until 2:00 a.m.
C．From 2:00 p.m. until midnight.
听下面一段对话，回答第 13 至第 16 四个小题。
13.Why does the man want the woman to go ahead of him?
A．He is waiting for his hairstylist.
B．He’s not sure which style to get.
C．He wants to get her phone number.
14.Who is probably the best for women’s hair?
A. Joe. B．Tony. C．Lorraine.
15.What is a crew cut?
A. Long on the sides and the top.
B. Short on the sides and the top.
C. Short on the sides and long on the top.
16.Where does the man work?
A. At a school. B．At an ad company. C．At a barber shop.
听下面一段对话，回答第 17 至第 20 四个小题。
17.What is basically the most important to an argumentative essay?
A．To raise questions at first.
B．To describe something in detail.
C．To convince readers of something.
18.What makes a good argument according to the speaker?
A. Its clear logic. B．Its new stories. C．Its interesting topic.
19.How are Western essays different from Chinese?
A. In length. B．In topic. C．In structure.
20.What would an American teacher expect in the first paragraph of an essay?
A．Different viewpoints. B．The writer’s argument. C．The supporting details.
第二部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分 50 分）
第一节（共 15 小题；每小题 2.5 分，满分 37.5 分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C 和 D 四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
As well as hosting New Zealand’s largest and most populous city, the Auckland region features many attractive, diverse places.
Central Auckland
Central Auckland is a hub of urban delights set against beautiful coastal scenery. You can take a trip up the Sky Tower, the tallest building in the Southern Hemisphere. The adventurous can also try SkyJump-New Zealand’s highest base jump-or the incredible Sky Walk where you’ll walk around the outside of the Sky Tower for extraordinary sightseeing.
Rangitoto Island
Emerging unexpectedly from the sea some 600 years ago, Rangitoto, with its distinctive shape and superb location just off the coast, is the youngest and largest volcano in the Auckland volcanic field. The island is a favourite destination for hikers and day-trippers. Walk up to the top, and you can see the black lava caves on your way up and don’t forget to bring a torch to explore them with the kids.
Great Barrier Island
Great Barrier Island is a large island with a small population. For thousands of years, Bt has sheltered Auckland’s harbour from the continuous swells of the Pacific Ocean. The wilderness areas are home to several unique plant and bird species. Most amazingly, the community on the island is not using the public supplies of electricity, gas or water, but entirely relying on renewable solar power and collection of freshwater.
Waiheke Island
In landscape, lifestyle and experience, Waiheke is a world away. The three white sandy beaches are perfect for swimming, kayaking, or having a picnic. If you’re a walker, explore the island’s tracks which wind along cliff tops and into cool native forests. At the eastern end of the island, a walkway leads you to a system of World War Il gun emplacements (炮台) and underground tunnels.
1. Which place does an extreme sports lover probably prefer？
A. Central Auckland. B. Rangitoto Island.
C. Great Barrier Island. D. Waiheke Island.
2. What makes Great Barrier Island special？
A. Being located off the coast. B. Being the least populated.
C Being home to endangered species. D. Being energy self-sufficient.
3. What can visitors enjoy in both Rangitoto and Waiheke？
A. Black lava caves. B. White sandy beaches.
C Hiking tracks. D. War-related sites.
【答案】1. A 2. D 3. C
【解析】
【分析】本文是应用文。文章主要讲述奥克兰地区的4个很吸引人的旅游胜地。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据Central Auckland“The adventurous can also try SkyJump-New Zealand’s highest base jump-or the incredible Sky Walk where you’ll walk around the outside of the Sky Tower for extraordinary sightseeing.(喜欢冒险的人还可以尝试跳伞——新西兰最高的跳伞——或者不可思议的空中漫步，在那里你可以在天空塔外面漫步，观光非凡的景色)”可知，喜欢极限运动的人可以去Central Auckland。故选A。
【2题详解】
推理判断题。根据Great Barrier Island“Most amazingly, the community on the island is not using the public supplies of electricity, gas or water, but entirely relying on renewable solar power and collection of freshwater.(最令人吃惊的是，岛上的这个社区不适用公共的电、天然气和水资源的供应，而是完全的依赖可再生太阳能和淡水收集)”可知，Great Barrier Island是能源自己自足的。故选D。
【3题详解】
细节理解题。根据Rangitoto Island中的“The island is a favourite destination for hikers and day-trippers.(该岛是徒步旅行者和一日游游客最喜欢的目的地)”和Waiheke Island中的“If you’re a walker, explore the island’s tracks which wind along cliff tops and into cool native forests.(如果你是一个喜欢步行的人，探索这个岛的沿着悬崖顶蜿蜒之上到达凉爽的当地森林的足迹吧)”可知，这两个岛上都适合徒步。故选C。
B
In 1943, when I was 4, my parents moved from Coeur d’Alene, Idaho, to Fairbanks, Alaska, where adventure was never very far away.
We arrived in the summer, just in time to enjoy the midnight sun. All that sunlight was fantastic for Mom’s vegetable garden. Working in the garden at midnight tended to throw her timing off, so she didn’t care much about my bedtime.
Dad was a Railway Express agent and Mom was his clerk. That left me in a mess. I usually managed to find some trouble to get into. Once I had a little fire going in the dirt basement of a hotel. I had tried to light a barrel(桶) of paint but couldn’t really get a good fire going. The smoke got pretty bad, though, and when 1 made my exit, a crowd and the police were there to greet me. The policemen took my matches and drove me home.
Mom and Dad were occupied in the garden and Dad told the police to keep me, and they did! I had a tour of the prison before Mom rescued me. I hadn’t turned 5 yet.
As I entered kindergarten, the serious cold began to set in. Would it surprise you to know that I soon left part of my tongue on a metal handrail at school?
As for Leonhard Seppala, famous as a dog sledder, I think I knew him well because I was taken for a ride with his white dog team one Sunday. At the time I didn’t realize what a superstar he was, but I do remember the ride well. I was wrapped (包裹) heavily and well sheltered from the freezing and blowing weather.
In 1950, we moved back to Coeur d’Alene, but we got one more Alaskan adventure when Leonhard invited us eight years later by paying a visit to Idaho to attend a gathering of former neighbors of Alaska.
4. What can be inferred about the author’s family?
A. His father was a cruel man. B. His parents didn’t love him.
C. His parents used to be very busy. D. His mother didn’t have any jobs.
5. What happened when the author was 4?
A. He learned to smoke. B. He was locked in a basement.
C. He was arrested by the police. D. He nearly caused a fire accident.
6. Which of the following is true?
A. Leonhard was good at driving dog sleds.
B. The author spent his whole childhood in Alaska.
C. Leonhard often visited the author’s family after 1950.
D. The author suffered a lot while taking the dog sled in Alaska.
7. What is the author’s purpose of writing the text?
A. To look back on his childhood with adventures.
B. To describe the extreme weather of Alaska.
C. To express how much he misses Leonhard.
D. To show off his pride in making trouble.
【答案】4. C 5. D 6. A 7. A
【解析】
【分析】试题分析：本文是一篇记叙文，在文章中作者回忆了自己童年时候发生的一件件的事情，基本都是作者惹得乱子。那时父亲在铁路部门工作，母亲则是父亲手下的一名职员，他们工作忙碌而无瑕顾及作者以至于他有一次点燃了一桶油漆，差点引起火灾，闯下大祸。此外，在文中作者还提到了自己第一次做雪橇的美好回忆。
【4题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章第二段“Working in the garden at midnight tended to throw her timing off,”和第三段内容“Dad was a Railway Express agent and Mom was his clerk. That left me in a mess.” 可知，在铁路部门工作的父母忙于工作无瑕顾及作者，由此判断作者的父母非常忙碌，选C。
【5题详解】
细节理解题。在文章第三段和第四段作者讲述了自己小时候玩火差点酿成火灾的事情，然后在第四段末尾提到“1 hadn't turned 5 yet.”当时我还不到5岁，由此可知当作者四岁的时候他的淘气险些酿成火灾，故选D。
【6题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第六段“As for Leonhard Seppala, famous as a dog sledder”可知，Leonhard Seppala“”以驾雪橇的高超技术而出名，故选A。
【7题详解】
推理判断题。文章开头作者提到自己在四岁的时候，一家人搬到了阿拉斯加，在那里他的冒险生活就开始了，然后在下文中作者回忆了在那里发生的的事情，由此可知本文主要讲述了作者小时候的事情，作者写这篇文章就是为了回忆童年的冒险经历，故选A。
考点：考查记叙文阅读。

C
Analysis of people who eat mushrooms suggests they have a lower risk of developing depression. The association is still a puzzle, and for now, the authors say the data should be interpreted with caution.
The findings are still not clear between various types of mushrooms, but they are in line with several small clinical trials on lion’s mane mushrooms. The trials found eating certain types of fungi(真菌) can help reduce depression and anxiety. “The study adds to the growing list of possible health benefits of eating mushrooms,” says public health scientist Joshua Muscat from the Pennsylvania State University.
What it is specifically about some mushrooms that makes them good for our health is still unknown. White button mushrooms are the most commonly eaten fungi in the US and are full of potassium(钾), which is thought to help lower anxiety. Other eatable mushrooms like lion’s mane are known to contain certain factors linked to brain health, which are thought to help alleviate symptoms of depression.
The people most likely to eat mushrooms were college-educated, non-Hispanic white women, according to the authors. But the link to depression was only clear when they compared mushroom eaters to non-eaters. Within the group of mushroom eaters, those who ate them relatively a lot didn’t seem to show any additional benefits. In a further analysis of the data, the authors compared those who ate one serving of mushrooms per day with those who ate one serving of red or processed meat. Interestingly, the substitution was not associated with lower depression.
Clearly, there’s still a lot we don’t know about the relationship between mushrooms and mental health. But given how often the relationship keeps popping up in studies, it’s worth exploring more. “These findings highlight the potential clinical and public health importance of mushroom consumption as a means of reducing depression and preventing diseases,” the authors conclude.
8. What can we learn from the passage?
A. The relationship between mushrooms and mental health is clear.
B. Mushrooms have potential health importance for our mental health.
C. College-educated and non-Hispanic women like to eat mushrooms most.
D. Eating mushrooms provides the same nutrition as red or processed meat.
9. What does the underlined word “alleviate” in Paragraph 3 refer to?
A. relieve B. revive C. remove D. present
10. The authors conclude the words in the last paragraph to________.
A. encourage the consumption of mushrooms.
B. warn us of the harm depression brings to us.
C. introduce the method of preventing diseases.
D. tell the meaning of studying mushrooms.
11 What’s the best title for the passage?
A. Mushrooms Seem to Lower Depression
B. Depression Risk Becomes the Top Killer
C. Eating Mushrooms is Good to Our Brain
D. The Possible Health Benefits of Mushrooms are Clear
【答案】8. B 9. A 10. D 11. A
【解析】
【导语】本文是一片说明文。研究表明，吃蘑菇的人比不吃蘑菇的人患抑郁症的风险更低。科学家们就其原因进行研究，虽然对二者之间的关系还是有很多不明白的地方，但这些研究发现依然对临床医学和公共卫生有重要意义。
【8题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章第一段第一句话“Analysis of people who eat mushrooms suggests they have a lower risk of developing depression.(对吃蘑菇的人的分析表明，他们患抑郁症的风险较低。)”，文章第三段第一句“What it is specifically about some mushrooms that makes them good for our health is still unknown.(一些蘑菇对我们的健康有益的具体原因仍然未知。)”以及根据文章最后一段最后一句““These findings highlight the potential clinical and public health importance of mushroom consumption as a means of reducing depression and preventing diseases,” the authors conclude.(这些作者们总结道：“这些发现强调了食用蘑菇作为减少抑郁和预防疾病的一种手段，在临床和公共卫生方面的潜在重要性。可知，文章从开头到结尾都一直在提“蘑菇似乎对人的心理健康有益”，由此可知B项“Mushrooms have potential health importance for our mental health.(蘑菇对我们的心理健康有潜在的重要性)”与文章内容相符。故选B项。
【9题详解】
词义猜测题。根据文章第三段中的“White button mushrooms are the most commonly eaten fungi in the US and are full of potassium(钾), which is thought to help lower anxiety. Other eatable mushrooms like lion’s mane are known to contain certain factors linked to brain health, which are thought to help alleviate symptoms of depression.(白蘑菇是美国人最常吃的真菌，富含钾，被认为有助于降低焦虑。据了解，狮鬃毛等其他可食用蘑菇含有与大脑健康有关的某些元素，这些元素被认为有助于alleviate抑郁症症状。)”可知，本段是在谈蘑菇里面哪些元素有利于缓解精神压力；根据句意及句子结构可知，此处前后两句话恰好对应。后一句的which are thought to help alleviate symptoms of depression与前一句的which is thought to help lower anxiety对应，由此可知alleviate含义上与lower对应，此处表示“降低、缓解、减轻”之意，与选项中的relieve互为同义词。故选A项。
【10题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章最后一段最后一句““These findings highlight the potential clinical and public health importance of mushroom consumption as a means of reducing depression and preventing diseases,” the authors conclude.(这些作者们总结道：“这些发现强调了食用蘑菇作为减少抑郁和预防疾病的一种手段，在临床和公共卫生方面的潜在重要性。”)”可知，这些作者们的总结（食用蘑菇作为减少抑郁和预防疾病的一种手段，对临床医学和公共卫生有潜在重要性）实际上是肯定了研究蘑菇的意义，与D项“tell the meaning of studying mushrooms.(讲述研究蘑菇的意义。)”互为同义表达。故选D项
【11题详解】
主旨大意题。根据文章第一段第一句话“Analysis of people who eat mushrooms suggests they have a lower risk of developing depression.(对吃蘑菇的人的分析表明，他们患抑郁症的风险较低。)”，文章第三段第一句“What it is specifically about some mushrooms that makes them good for our health is still unknown.(一些蘑菇对我们的健康有益的具体原因仍然未知。)”以及根据文章最后一段最后一句““These findings highlight the potential clinical and public health importance of mushroom consumption as a means of reducing depression and preventing diseases,” the authors conclude.(这些作者们总结道：“这些发现强调了食用蘑菇作为减少抑郁和预防疾病的一种手段，在临床和公共卫生方面的潜在重要性。”可知，文章从开头到结尾都一直在提“蘑菇似乎对人的心理健康有益”；由此可知A项“Mushrooms Seem to Lower Depression.(蘑菇似乎可以降低抑郁)”与文章主题最契合。故选A项。
D
Predatory (捕食类的) insects benefit greatly from flowers and can even survive for long periods of time on nectar (花蜜) and pollen (花粉) alone, according to a new study. Farmers can promote a production of natural enemies to defeat pests (害虫) by planting flowers near crops in their fields.
“Pollen and nectar are things that beneficial insects can survive on when pests aren't around. By planting a wide variety of flowers both early and late in the season, one can ensure a good effect that ensures the survival of predators throughout the growing season,” says Lene Sigsgaard, professor of the plant and environmental sciences department at the University of Copenhagen. This is good news for the green transition, as effective pest control can help reduce the use of agricultural pesticides. Besides, the presence of more flowers improves pollination and biodiversity, as they attract more insects and pollinators into fields.”
In order for predatory Insects to approach flower nectar, easily approachable open flowers need to be planted, as predatory insects aren't equipped with the long feeding tubes that bees have, the researchers say. Food from flowers boosts energy for predators. Specifically, the researchers found that across all predatory insects, females survive 2.2 times longer getting access to flowers, and males 1. 7 times longer, compared to insects that only have access to water.
“It pays to design tomorrow’s agriculture so as to plant wild flowering plants alongside fields. For the greatest impact, we are looking at how to design flowering fields that benefit both predatory insects and pollinators. This will reduce the need for other forms of pest control while supporting biodiversity.” Lene says. The researchers recommend native, continuous flowers to create habitats for predatory insects, places where they can winter as well. It is also important to have a wide variety of species that produce flowers during different seasons and benefit different insects.
12. Why did the researchers suggest planting flowers next to crops?
A. To help crops grow faster B. To make flowers grow stronger.
C. To make full use of natural resources. D. To ensure the supply of predatory insects.
13. What can we learn about predatory insects in Paragraph 3?
A. They mainly feed on nectar. B. They have difficulty getting energy.
C. They can live longer feeding on flowers. D. They can get access to any flowers easily.
14. What is implied in Lene’s words in the last paragraph?
A. Designing flowering fields properly has significant influence.
B. Maintaining biodiversity is important to agriculture.
C. It is beneficial to create various habitats for insects.
D. It is necessary to have good pest control.
15. What does the text mainly talk about?
A. A way to improve biodiversity.
B. A way to grow flowers fast and well.
C. A way to protect crops against pests in fields.
D. A way to increase agricultural production quickly.
【答案】12. D 13. C 14. A 15. C
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要讲述了可以通过在农田作物附近种植花卉来提高天敌的产量以消灭害虫，并保护农作物的方法。
【12题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段“Predatory (捕食类的) insects benefit greatly from flowers and can even survive for long periods of time on nectar (花蜜) and pollen (花粉) alone, according to a new study. Farmers can promote a production of natural enemies to defeat pests (害虫) by planting flowers near crops in their fields.”（一项新的研究表明，掠食性昆虫从花中获益匪浅，甚至可以仅靠花蜜和花粉长时间存活。农民可以通过在田间作物附近种植花卉来促进天敌的生产，从而消灭害虫。）可知，研究人员建议在农田附近种植花卉，是因为花朵可以让掠食性昆虫存活，种植花卉就可以保证农作物旁边有掠食性昆虫，从而可以消灭害虫。故选D。
【13题详解】
推理判断题。根据第三段中“Specifically, the researchers found that across all predatory insects, females survive 2.2 times longer getting access to flowers, and males 1. 7 times longer, compared to insects that only have access to water.”（具体来说，研究人员发现，在所有的掠食性昆虫中，与只获得水的昆虫相比，获得花朵的雌性昆虫的存活时间延长了2.2倍。雄性昆虫则延长了1.7倍。）可知，掠食性昆虫可以靠花卉活得更久。故选C。
【14题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段中““It pays to design tomorrow’s agriculture so as to plant wild flowering plants alongside fields. For the greatest impact, we are looking at how to design flowering fields that benefit both predatory insects and pollinators. This will reduce the need for other forms of pest control while supporting biodiversity.””（“设计未来的农业以及在农田边种植野生开花植物，是值得的。为了产生最大的影响，我们正在研究如何设计既有利于捕食昆虫又有利于传粉昆虫的开花田地。这将在支持生物多样性的同时，减少对其他形式虫害防治的需求。”）可知，Lene的话说明了合理设计花田有重大影响。故选A。
【15题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第一段“Predatory (捕食类的) insects benefit greatly from flowers and can even survive for long periods of time on nectar (花蜜) and pollen (花粉) alone, according to a new study. Farmers can promote a production of natural enemies to defeat pests (害虫) by planting flowers near crops in their fields.”（一项新的研究表明，掠食性昆虫从花中获益匪浅，甚至可以仅靠花蜜和花粉长时间存活。农民可以通过在田间作物附近种植花卉来促进天敌的生产，从而消灭害虫。）可知，本文主要讲述了可以通过农田作物附近种植花卉来提高天敌的产量以消灭害虫，并保护农作物的方法。故选C。
第二节（共 5 小题；每小题 2.5 分，满分 12.5 分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Games like Pump It Up are enjoyable because it takes things that make games addictive—points, levels and challenges, for example—and puts them and physical movement together. ___16___You can apply these techniques to your everyday fitness routines to make exercise feel as fun as a video game.
Have an objective.
When you’re playing a game, there’s always an objective. ___17___Exercise should be no different. Create a clear fitness goal. Aim to walk 10,000 steps a day, for example, or try to run a total of 6 miles every week.
Compete against others.
Research suggests that adding an element of competition to your exercise routine can actually help you work out harder. ___18___ Competing against others will help you walk more steps. You can also look into fitness programs that encourage friendly competition.
___19___
Researchers found that collaboration—getting a group to work together toward a common goal—was also an effective way to increase physical activity. So grab a close friend or family member and bring them to the gym with you—there’s a reason why the “gym buddy” exists.
Add an element of novelty.
Some people love video games because there’s a lot of unpredictability and surprise. You can recreate this sense of wonder in your own exercises. ___20___ Ride your bike from one friend’s house to another. Beat your personal record to the peak of a trail run.
A. Look for opponents.
B. Team up with partners.
C. It needs to be both specific and challenging.
D. You can participate in a step-tracking challenge.
E. Take photos of at least 5 different flowers on your neighborhood walk.
F. It helps you focus and motivates you to keep playing until you win the game.
G. This powerful combination motivates people to keep on playing and exercising.
【答案】16. G 17. F 18. D 19. B 20. E
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文，文章主要介绍了一些健身技巧，把这些技巧应用到你的日常健身计划中，会让锻炼像视频游戏一样有趣。
【16题详解】
上文“Games like Pump It Up are enjoyable because it takes things that make games addictive—points, levels and challenges, for example—and puts them and physical movement together.(像《Pump It Up》这样的游戏之所以有趣，是因为它采用了让游戏上瘾的元素——例如积分、关卡和挑战——并将它们与身体动作结合在一起。)”提到了游戏元素与体运动的结合，G选项中combination是关键词，与上文的put...together呼应，构成顺承关系，所以G选项“这种强大的组合激励着人们继续玩游戏和锻炼。”符合语境。故选G项。
【17题详解】
上文“When you’re playing a game, there’s always an objective.(当你在玩游戏时，总会有一个目标。)”提到了玩游戏时的目标，下文“Exercise should be no different.(锻炼也不例外。)”提到了锻炼也是如此，F选项中it是关键词，指代上文的objective，与上文构成顺承关系，且能引起下文，所以F选项“它能帮助你集中注意力，激励你继续玩下去，直到你赢得游戏。”符合语境。故选F项。
18题详解】
上文“Research suggests that adding an element of competition to your exercise routine can actually help you work out harder.(研究表明，在你的日常锻炼中加入竞争的元素实际上可以帮助你更努力地锻炼。)”提到了在锻炼中加入竞争元素，D选项中challenge是关键词与上文的element of competition的呼应，所以D选项“你可以参加一个步伐追踪挑战。”符合语境。故选D项。
【19题详解】
分析文章结构，设空处是小标题的位置，下文“Researchers found that collaboration—getting a group to work together toward a common goal—was also an effective way to increase physical activity.(研究人员发现，合作——让一群人为了一个共同的目标一起工作——也是增加体力活动的有效方法。)”提到了合作，B选项中Team up with是关键词，与下文collaboration呼应，且能概括下文内容，所以B选项“与合作伙伴合作。”符合语境。故选B项。
【20题详解】
上文“Some people love video games because there’s a lot of unpredictability and surprise. You can recreate this sense of wonder in your own exercises.(有些人喜欢电子游戏是因为其中有很多不可预测性和惊喜。你可以在自己的练习中重现这种奇妙的感觉。)”提到了惊喜和奇妙感，E选项“在你附近散步的路上至少拍5种不同的花。”符合上文提到的惊喜和奇妙感，符合语境。故选E项。
第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分 30 分）
第一节 完形填空（共 15 小题；每小题 1 分，满分 15 分）
Early in my teaching career, I heard countless excuses—most of them amusing—for why students didn’t have their homework. “The dog ate it” was one of them. As time passed, I grew ___21___ of hearing “I don’t have my homework because...” So I quit accepting any excuse.
When I was ___22___ to another school, I took my straightforward attitude with me. “No excuses, no extensions!” I warned my eighth graders on the first day. When a student didn’t have the homework, I never asked why. ___23___, I sighed loudly, shook my head in disgust and recorded a zero.
One afternoon, shortly after the ___24___ bell rang, Anthony ___25___ me. “Could I talk to you a minute?” he asked shyly. “I know what you said about our homework, but I don’t want you to think I’m a slacker(懒虫) because I come to school ___26___ mine so often.”
Anthony looked up at me, and I could see that his lower lip was shaking. “It’s just that...well, my dad moved out, and my mom works at night, so I have to look after my little brothers. Sometimes they cry a lot, which makes it hard to ___27___.”
I put my hand on Anthony’s thin shoulder. “Why are you just now telling me…” I stopped in mid-sentence. I knew why. So I ___28___ the question. “Would it help if you stayed here after school and worked on it?”
He swallowed hard and ___29___.
The next day, I announced to all my students that I’d be offering an after-school study hall. Anthony was the first to ___30___. Several days later, Terrell joined him, ___31___ by twins Sandy and Randy. Before long, I had a room full of eighth graders to work on their lessons. I never asked why any of them were there, but I soon had a large ___32___ of “I don’t have my homework because...” stories. All were very ___33___. None were amusing.
The things I learned weren’t taught in college. I discovered not all kids come from homes that are safe and ___34___. Not all kids have a quiet bedroom with a desk and study light. Some don’t have a home where a parent is even around. And some kids do go to bed ___35___. Most importantly, I learned that “I’ll listen” works better than “No excuses”.
21. A. ashamed B. scared C. tired D. informed
22. A. transferred B. transplanted C. transported D. transformed
23. A. However B. Afterward C. Moreover D. Instead
24. A. dismissal B. removal C. approval D. arrival
25. A. occupied B. greeted C. waved D. approached
26. A. with B. without C. for D. on
27. A. tolerate B. concentrate C. balance D. survive
28. A. extended B. refreshed C. changed D. updated
29. A. nodded B. shook C. weighed D. understood
30. A. give up B. put up C. show up D. take up
31. A. followed B. surrounded C. separated D. impressed
32. A. combination B. description C. prediction D. collection
33. A. imaginary B. fictional C. rigid D. real
34. A. rich B. warm C. simple D. sound
35. A. happily B. guiltily C. hungrily D. irregularly
【答案】21. C 22. A 23. D 24. A 25. D 26. B 27. B 28. C 29. A 30. C 31. A 32. D 33. D 34. B 35. C
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述作者作为老师，对任何没有交作业的学生都不接受理由，但是安东尼改变了她，让她开始学会倾听学生的故事了。
【21题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：随着时间的推移，我厌倦了听到“我没有作业，因为……”，所以我不再接受任何借口。 A. ashamed羞愧的；B. scared吓坏的；C. tired疲劳的；D. informed见多识广的。由后文“I quit accepting any excuse”可知，作者“厌烦了”借口。故选C项。
【22题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：当我被转学到另一所学校时，我采取了直截了当的态度。 A. transferred转移，调转；B. transplanted移植；C. transported运输；D. transformed转化。由后文“another school”可知，作者被“调转”到另一个学校了。故选A项。
【23题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：相反，我大声叹息，厌恶地摇摇头，并记下零分。A. However然而；B. Afterward之后；C. Moreover此外；D. Instead相反，作为代替。由前文“I never asked why”可知，“作为代替”，作者直接给学生零分了。故选D项。
【24题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：一天下午，下课铃响后不久，安东尼走近我。“我能和你谈谈吗？”他害羞地问道。A. dismissal解雇，解散；B. removal拆卸；C. approval批准；D. arrival到达。由后文“bell rang”以及下文内容可知，安东尼在“下课”铃声后和作者谈的，dismissal bell表“下课铃”。故选A项。
【25题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：一天下午，下课铃响后不久，安东尼走近我。“我能和你谈谈吗？”他害羞地问道。 A. occupied占用；B. greeted问候；C. waved挥动；D. approached走近。由后文“he asked shyly”可知，安东尼“走近”作者和她说话。故选D项。
【26题详解】
考查介词词义辨析。句意：我知道你对我们的作业说了什么，但我不想让你认为我是个懒鬼 因为我经常在没有我的作业的情况下上学。A. with与；B. without没有；C. for对于；D. on在……上。由上文“ I’m a slacker”可知，安东尼应经常上学“没有”带作业。故选B项。
【27题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：有时他们哭得很厉害，很难集中注意力。 A. tolerate容忍；B. concentrate集中注意力；C. balance平衡；D. survive幸存。由前文“they cry a lot”可知，哭声让安东尼很难“集中注意力”做作业。故选B项。
【28题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：所以我改变了这个问题。 A. extended.延长；B. refreshed刷新；C. changed更改；D. updated更新。由前文“I stopped in mid-sentence”可知，作者“改变”了问题。故选C项。
【29题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：他使劲咽了一口，点了点头。 A. nodded点了点头；B. shook震动；C. weighed称重；D. understood理解。由后文“Anthony was the first to 　　　10　　　. ”可知，安东尼“点头”同意了作者的提议。故选A项。
【30题详解】
考查动词词组辨析。句意：安东尼是第一个出现的人。A. give up放弃；B. put up搭建，张贴；C. show up出现；D. take up开始从事。由后文“Terrell joined him, ”可知，安东尼是第一个“出现”在课后学习厅的人。故选C项。
【31题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：几天后，特雷尔加入了他的行列，随后是双胞胎桑迪和兰迪。A. followed接着，跟随；B. surrounded包围；C. separated分开；D. impressed使印象深刻。由后文“I had a room full of eighth graders to work on their lessons.”.可知，这里应表示双胞胎桑迪和兰迪也“跟随”前两人出现在课后学习厅。故选A项。
【32题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我从来没有问过他们为什么会在那里，但我很快就收集了一大堆“我没有作业，因为……”的故事。 A. combination组合；B. description描述；C. prediction预测；D. collection收集。由后文“stories”可知，作者慢慢“收集”了很多学生们的故事。故选D项。
【33题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：一切都很真实。A. imaginary假想的；B. fictional虚构的；C. rigid僵硬的；D. real真实的。由后文“I discovered ...”的内容可知，所有的故事都是“真实”的。故选D项。
【34题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我发现并不是所有的孩子都来自安全温暖的家。A. rich富有的；B. warm温暖的；C. simple简单的；D. sound健康的。由前文“not all kids come from homes that are safe”可知，不是所有孩子家都是孩子的避风港和是“温暖的”。故选B项。
【35题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：有些孩子确实饿着肚子上床睡觉。A. happily高兴地；B. guiltily有罪地；C. hungrily饥饿地；D. irregularly不规则地。由上文“Some don’t have a home where a parent is even around”可知，这里讲的都是这些孩子家庭不能给孩子提供很好的环境，所本句应表示孩子上床睡觉时可能还是“饥饿的”。故选C项。
第 II 卷（非选择题，共 55 分）
第二节 语法填空（共 10 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 15 分）
阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1 个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。
I’m in the Sarek National Park, which is viewed as Europe’s hidden natural treasure. ____36____ (listen) to the sound of the wind buffeting the tent, I wake up and walk out the tent. ____37____ (branch) of the Rapa River flow through the valley. Sarek’s mountain ____38____ (cover) by vast sheets of ice originally. After the ice melted, reindeer arrived. Following them were the Sami people, ____39____ made this territory their home. In 1909, Sarek was made a national park in order to keep the land in ____40____ (it) natural state. At the far side of the valley, ____41____ ancient Sami cottage is visible. Since reindeer were always on the move, the Sami would pick up their tents and ____42____ (company) them. This morning, I eat a piece of bread ____43____ (warm) over a fire, dried reindeer meat, and some berries. After breakfast, I pack my bag and set off ____44____ (immediate). The land to my destination on the other side of the valley is difficult, which means it will be a day full of sweat. _____45_____, I will not complain because being in such a beautiful place makes me feel blessed to be alive.
【答案】36. Listening
37. Branches
38. was covered
39. who 40. its
41. an 42. accompany
43. warmed 44. immediately
45. However##Yet##Nevertheless
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了，我在被视为欧洲隐藏的自然宝藏的沙瑞克国家公园经历的一天，让我觉得很幸福。
【36题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：听着风拍打帐篷的声音，我醒了，走出了帐篷。分析句子可知，句子已有谓语动词wake up，所以空处应填非谓语动词，且空处与其逻辑主语I之间为主动关系，所以应填现在分词Listening。故Listening。
【37题详解】
考查名词。句意：拉帕河的支流从山谷中流过。分析句子可知，空处为句子主语，应填可数名词复数形式Branches，表示“支流”。故填Branches。
【38题详解】
考查时态、语态和主谓一致。句意：沙瑞克的山原本被大片的冰层覆盖着。根据originally可知，空处谓语动词应填一般过去时，由后面的介词by可知，空处谓语动词应填被动语态，且要与主语Sarek’s mountain保持主谓一致，用单数。故填was covered。
【39题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：紧随其后的是萨米人，他们把这片领土作为自己的家园。分析句子可知，空处应填关系代词who引导一个非限制性定语从句，代替先行词the Sami people，指人，并在从句中作主语。故填who。
【40题详解】
考查形容词性物主代词。句意：1909年，为了保持土地的自然状态，沙瑞克被定为国家公园。空处修饰后面的名词state，应填其形容词性物主代词its，表示“它的”。故填its。
【41题详解】
考查不定冠词。句意：在山谷的另一边，可以看到一座古老的萨米人小屋。分析句子可知，空处应填不定冠词修饰名词cottage，表泛指，且空后的ancient为元音开头的单词。故填an。
【42题详解】
考查动词。句意：因为驯鹿总是在移动，所以萨米人会拿起他们的帐篷和他们一起。分析句子可知，空处填动词原形accompany，表示“陪伴”，与前面的pick up并列，由并列连词and连接。故填accompany。
【43题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：今天早上，我吃了一块在火上烤过的面包、干驯鹿肉和一些浆果。分析句子可知，空处作后置定语修饰前面的名词bread，应填动词的过去分词warmed，表示与其逻辑主语bread之间的被动关系。故填warmed。
【44题详解】
考查副词。句意：早餐后，我收拾好行李，立即出发。分析句子可知，空处修饰动词短语set off，应填副词immediately作状语，表示“立即，马上”。故填immediately。
【45题详解】
考查副词。句意：但是，我不会抱怨，因为在这样一个美丽的地方，让我觉得活着是一种幸福。根据空前“which means it will be a day full of sweat”和空后“I will not complain”可知，前后是转折关系，所以空处应填表示转折的副词However/Yet/Nevertheless，表示“但是”。故填However/Yet/Nevertheless。
第四部分 写作（共两节，满分 40 分）
第一节 应用文写作（满分 15 分）
46. 假设你是兴民中学高二学生李明，你的新西兰笔友Green在给你的邮件中提到他想了解你的职业规划（career plan），请你给Green回信，内容包括：
（1）你希望从事的职业；
（2）你选择该职业的原因；
（3）你打算为之作何准备。
注意：1. 词数不少于80；
2. 开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。
Dear Green,
__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours,
Li Ming
【答案】Dear Green,
How is everything going? I’m glad to receive your e-mail, in which you asked me about my career plan for the future. Now I’m writing to share it with you in detail.
I made up my mind to be a journalist when I visited the Xinhua News Agency last year. I chose it as my career for two reasons. First, the job can let me know new things every day, thus keeping me energetic and passionate all the time since I hate to follow the same routine every day. Second, working as a journalist can help me realize my childhood dream of being a hero of spreading love to others.
To achieve this goal I plan to study hard to be admitted by Beijing University, broadening my horizons to fit the job.
Yours,
Li Ming
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。假设你是兴民中学高二学生李明，你的新西兰笔友Green在给你的邮件中提到他想了解你的职业规划（career plan），请你给Green回信。
【详解】1.词汇积累
记者：journalist→reporter
决定：make up one’s mind to→be determined to
高兴的：glad→delighted
热情的：passionate→enthusiastic
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：To achieve this goal, I plan to study hard to be admitted by Beijing University, broadening my horizons to fit the job.
拓展句：I plan to study hard to be admitted by Beijing University, broadening my horizons to fit the job so that I can achieve this goal.
【点睛】[高分句型1] I’m glad to receive your e-mail, in which you asked me about my career plan for the future. (运用了“介词+关系代词”结构非限制性定语从句)
[高分句型2] I made up my mind to be a journalist when I visited the Xinhua News Agency last year. (运用了when引导时间状语从句)
第二节 （满分 25 分）
47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
Christmas Day was coming. I was just a kid then, and my big sister told me there was no Santa Claus. I fled to my Grandma because she would be straight with me. l knew Grandma always told me the truth. Grandma was home，and I told her everything. She was ready for me. “No Santa Claus!” She shouted. “Ridiculous! Don’t believe it. That rumor has been going around for years，and it makes me mad, plain mad.”
“Now，put on your coat，and let’s go.”
“Go where, Grandma?” l asked. “Where” turned out to be Kerby’s General Store. the one store in town that had a little bit of just about everything. As we walked through its doors，Grandma handed me ten dollars.“Take this money.”she said，“and buy something for someone who needs it. I’ll wait for you in the car.” Then she turned and walked out of Kerby’s.
l was only eight years old. I’d often gone shopping with my mother，but never had I shopped for anything all by myself. The store seemed big and crowded，full of people competing to finish their Christmas shopping. For a few moments I just stood there，confused，holding that ten-dollar bill，wondering what to buy and who to buy it for. I suddenly thought of Bobby Decker，who was a kid with bad breath and messy hair. He sat right behind me in Mrs. Pollock’s grade-two class.
Bobby Decker didn’t have a coat. l knew that because he never went out for recess(休息) during the winter. His mother always wrote a note，telling the teacher that he had a cough，but we kids knew that Bobby Decker didn’t have a cough，and he didn’t have a coat. I fingered the ten dollar bill with growing excitement. I would buy Bobby Decker a coat! I settled on a red one，which looked really warm，and he would like that.
“Is this a Christmas present for someone?”the lady behind the counter asked kindly，as I laid my ten dollars down.“Yes.”
The nice lady smiled at me，put the coat in a bag and wished me a Merry Christmas.
注意:
1.续写词数应为150左右;
2．请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
That evening, Grandma helped me wrap the coat in Christmas paper.
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Grandma and I waited breathlessly in the bush for Bobby Decker’s front door to open.
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【答案】One possible version:
That evening, Grandma helped me wrap the coat in Christmas paper. She wrote “To Bobby，From Santa Claus” on it, after which she drove me over to Bobby Decker’s house, explaining l was officially one of Santa’s helpers. Grandma parked down the street from Bobby’s house, and l took a deep breath, and dashed for his front door. Seeing no other people notice us, l put the Christmas present down, pounded his doorbell and then Grandma and l hid in the car.
Grandma and l waited breathlessly in the bush for Bobby Decker’s front door to open. Out went Bobby Decker. Seeing the coat in the bag, he looked very astonished and then called his mother to go out. After hearing them say “Thanks”to Santa Claus, I felt very proud of what l had done. At that time, I decided to be Santa’s helper forever. It was on that night that l realized the truth that he who has no Christmas in his heart will never find Christmas under a tree.
【解析】
【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了作者的姐姐告诉作者世界上没有圣诞老人，作者逃到奶奶那里想要听奶奶说实话，结果奶奶把作者带到一个商店，给了作者10美元，让作者给有需要的人买东西，于是作者给班里坐在自己后面的Bobby Decker买了一件红色的外套。
【详解】1.段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“那天晚上，奶奶帮我用圣诞包装纸把大衣包好。”可知，第一段可描写作者和奶奶去给Bobby Decker送外套的经过。
②由第二段首句内容“奶奶和我屏息等待Bobby Decker的前门打开，终于它打开了。”可知，第二段可描写Bobby Decker收到外套后的反应，以及这件事后作者的内心活动，作者为自己的所作所为感到非常自豪，决定永远做圣诞老人的帮手。
2.续写线索：
作者送外套——作者放下礼物——作者躲进车里——Bobby拿到外套——作者为自己感到自豪——作者感悟
3.词汇激活
行为类
冲到：dash for/ rush to
看：see/look/notice
决定：decide to/ be determined to
情绪类
自豪：be proud of / take pride in
惊讶：astonished / surprised
【点睛】[高分句型1]
She wrote “To Bobby, From Santa Claus” on it, after which she drove me over to Bobby Decker’s house, explaining I was officially one of Santa’s helpers.(运用了“介词+关系代词”引导的非限制性定语从句，现在分词作状语，和省略了引导词that的宾语从句)
[高分句型2]
It was on that night that I realized the truth that he who has no Christmas in his heart will never find Christmas under a tree. (运用了强调句型，that引导的同位语从句，who引导的限制性定语从句）
听力1-5 BBCAB 6-10 BABAC 11-15 AABBB 16-20 BCACB