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2022-2023学年重庆市万州第二高中高三上学期1月质量检测英语试题（解析版） 听力
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这是一份2022-2023学年重庆市万州第二高中高三上学期1月质量检测英语试题（解析版） 听力，共24页。试卷主要包含了B．200等内容，欢迎下载使用。
万州第二高中2022-2023学年高三上学期1月质量检测
英语试题
满分150分，考试时间120分钟。
考生须知：
1.答题前，考生务必用黑色签字笔将自己的姓名、准考证号、座位号在答题卡上填写清楚；
2.每小题选出答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑，在试卷上作答无效；
3.考试结束后，请将本试卷和答题卡一并交回；
满分150分，考试时间120分钟。
第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分）
做题时先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。
第一节（共5小题：每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
例：How much is the shirt?
A. £19.15. B. £9.18. C. £9.15.
答案是C。
1．Where was the man last night?
A．In the library. B．At the concert. C．At home.
2．What’s wrong with the woman’s sun cream?
A．It is outdated. B．It seems useless. C．It feels different.
3．A．At Susan Baker’s. B．At the computer company. C．In his own office.
4．Who is the boy probably talking to?
A．His boss. B．His fitness coach. C．His teacher.
5．What are the speakers mainly talking about?
A．Where the map is. B．When to work. C．How to find their way.
第二节（共15小题：每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。
6．What is the woman most worried about?
A．Her house keys. B．Her documents. C．Her camera.
7．What date is it today?
A．May the 12th. B．May the 13th. C．May the 14th.
8．Where did the woman leave her suitcase?
A．On a train. B．In a taxi. C．On a bus.
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。
9．What color is the woman’s dress?
A．White. B．Cream. C．Silver and gold.
10．How many people will be present at the ceremony?
A．100. B．200. C．300.
11．What will the woman provide?
A．Drinks. B．Balloons. C．Chair covers.
12．What are the speakers talking about?
A．A birthday party. B．A wedding ceremony. C．A funeral.
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。
13．Why does the woman call?
A．To book a table. B．To reschedule an interview. C．To apply for a part-time job.
14．What will the woman do at 2:30 this afternoon?
A．Attend a class. B．Meet the manager. C．Work in a restaurant.
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。
15．Where does the man most probably work?
A．At an airport. B．At a hotel. C．At a travel agency.
16．Which airport is the best choice for the woman?
A．Reagan National. B．Dulles. C．Baltimore-Washington.
17．Why is the woman going to Washington DC?
A．To visit a friend. B．To meet the man. C．To go sightseeing.
听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。
18．What language did the speaker learn from the teacher?
A．French. B．German. C．English.
19．What did the speaker’s coursebook look like?
A．It was very modern. B．It had a red back cover. C．It was full of pictures.
20．How does the speaker feel about having classes?
A．Bored. B．Tired. C．Pleased.
21．What do we know about the speaker?
A．She knew a lot of French.
B．She had some lessons at home.
C．She has a talent for learning languages.
第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分）
第一节（共15小题：每小题1.5分，满分37.5分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
The number of weather-related disasters has increased by five times over the past 50 years, the latest report by the World Meteorological (气象) Organization (WMO) said on September. However, thanks to improved early warning systems and disaster management, the number of death from these hazards (危险) has been almost three times less.
According to the WMO, from 1970 to 2019, weather, climate and water hazards accounted for 50 percent of all disasters. Among the top 10 hazards that led to the largest loss of human life during this period were droughts, storms, floods and extreme temperatures. However, deaths fell from over 50, 000 in the 1970s to less than 20, 000 in the 2010s.
“Weather, climate and water extremes are increasing and will become more frequent and severe in many parts of the world as a result of climate change,” says WMO Secretary-General Petteri Taalas.
“That means more heat waves, drought and forest fires such as those we have observed recently in Europe and North America. We have more water vapor in the atmosphere, which is worsening extreme rainfall and deadly flooding. The warming of the oceans has affected the frequency and area of existence of the most intense tropical storms.”
“Economic losses are increasing as exposure increases. But behind the statistics lies a message of hope. Improved multi-hazard early warning systems have led to a significant reduction in deaths. Quite simply, we are better than ever before at saving lives,” Taalas said.
22．What do we know from the first paragraph?
A．Disasters connected with weather have gone up.
B．The number of weather-related disasters has decreased.
C．The number of deaths from hazards has been increasing.
D．Early warning systems have made disasters decline much.
23．What will happen according to Petteri Taalas?
A．There will be more extreme weather.
B．Extreme rainfall will no longer exist.
C．Water vapor in the atmosphere will go down.
D．Humans will defeat extreme weather in the end.
24．What is hopeful behind the bad news?
A．Improved warning systems will save economic losses.
B．Economic losses are going down as exposure increases.
C．More lives will be saved thanks to early warning systems.
D．Improved early warning systems will control extreme weather
25．Where may the text be taken from?
A．A novel. B．A brochure. C．A magazine. D．A guideline.
B
Steve Forest is a scientist. He’s standing on an island off the coast of the Antarctic Peninsula. Below him are several hundred penguins and their children. Forrest’s job is to count every one of them. It's snowing. There is a big wind, too. And their children won’t stay still. Penguins are great climbers. So Forrest and the team members must be too. And penguins aren't always clean.
Forrest has been coming to Antarctica every January for six years. He's helping count the area’s penguins. This will help researchers better understand the Antarctic environment. There used to be lots of penguins in Antarctica, “It's all because of climate change,” Heather J. Lynch says seriously. She is leading the research team. The team member Noah Strycker adds, “We know climate change is hitting the Antarctic Peninsula harder than anywhere else in the world. We are following the situation closely.”
Scientists think that warming waters do harm to krill, the tiny animals that penguins eat. This is bad for the sea life. But krill are hard to study, so researchers pay attention to penguins. They’re easier to follow. They return to the same place each year to lay eggs. If penguins aren't doing well , krill probably aren't either. “Penguins give us an idea about what is going on in the sea around us,” Forrest says.
This year, Lynch’s research team uses a drone to help them. They fly it over an area to take pictures to count penguins.
Counting penguins is quite necessary. The more we learn, the more we know about krill and the ocean animals that depend on them. When we understand them, we can start fixing them. We should consider carefully what Lynch says: “What’s happening in the Antarctic is happening everywhere.”
26．What is required of scientists like Forrest according to Paragraph 1?
A．Being clean. B．Being good at math.
C．Being cool-headed. D．Being skilled in climbing.
27．What's the point of counting penguins in the Antarctie?
A．To protect this animal species from extinction.
B．To help find out how many krill might be living
C．To have a better knowledge of the Antarctic environment
D．To collect first-hand data for analyzing global warming.
28．What does the underlined word “them” in the last paragraph refer to?
A．Scientists. B．Krill. C．Penguins. D．Ocean animals.
29．What can be inferred from the text?
A．Penguins lay eggs in the same place on the island every year.
B．The penguin population is increasing due to climate change.
C．The penguin population determines the krill population.
D．Climate change is most obvious in the Antarctic Peninsula.
C
Curiosity is what drives us to keep learning, keep trying, keep pushing forward. But how does one generate (产生) curiosity, in oneself or others? George Loewenstein, a professor of psychology at Carnegie Mellon University, offered an answer in the classic1994 paper, “The Psychology of Curiosity.”
Curiosity arises, Loewenstein wrote, “when attention becomes focused on a gap in one's knowledge. Such information gaps produce the feeling of deprivation (匮乏) labeled curiosity. The curious individual is motivated to obtain the missing information to reduce the feeling of deprivation.” Loewenstein's theory helps explain why curiosity is such a force: it's not only a mental state but also an emotion, a powerful feeling that drives us forward.
Scientist Daniel Willingham notes that teachers are often “so eager to get to the answer that we do not devote enough time to developing the question.” Yet it's the question that stimulates (刺激) curiosity; being told an answer stops curiosity before it can even get going.
In his 1994 paper, George Loewenstein noted that curiosity requires some basic knowledge. We're not curious about something we know absolutely nothing about. But as soon as we know even a little bit, our curiosity is aroused and we want to learn more. In fact, research shows that curiosity increases with knowledge: the more we know, the more we want to know. To get this process started, Loewenstein suggests, take steps with some interesting but incomplete information.
Language teachers have long used communication in exercises that open an information gap and then require learners to communicate with each other in order to fill it. For example, one student might be given a series of pictures for the beginning of the story, while the student's partner is given a series of pictures showing how that same story ends. Only by speaking with each other (in the foreign language they are learning, of course) can the students fill in each others' information gaps.
30．When one notices a gap in his knowledge, he .
A．desires to fill it B．tends to be afraid
C．might get tired and sad D．will become focused on his learning
31．What does Daniel Willingham imply in the article?
A．Answers are more important than questions.
B．Teachers should be eager to get to the answer.
C．Teachers know how to stimulate students’ curiosity.
D．Teachers are partly to blame for students’ hating school.
32．According to George Loewenstein’s paper, curiosity about something occurs only when you .
A．have read a lot of books B．know little about something
C．have some related information D．are given incomplete information
33．What is the article mainly about?
A．Why students hate school. B．Why curiosity is important.
C．How to stimulate curiosity. D．What makes people hungry for knowledge.
D
Alaska’s Yukon River has faced major salmon shortages in recent years. Officials say record-high temperatures last year killed most salmon in the 3,200-kilometer river before the fish were able to reproduce. The losses led Alaska to stop their salmon harvests in 2021 to make sure that enough fish survived to reproduce for another year.
The poor salmon harvests caused major financial losses to private fishing companies in the area. The die-offs also hurt native communities, which traditionally store the fish as a year-round food supply.
Last month, the U.S. Department of Commerce declared a disaster for Yukon River fishing for 2020 and 2021, making aid money available. Alaska has sent emergency fish shipments to areas affected by the salmon shortages.
Scientists have mostly blamed the problems on a series of heat waves in the Bering Sea and North Pacific Ocean from 2014 to 2019. The warm ocean waters affected salmon’s living in the sea before they returned to lay eggs.
Climate change may also be affecting what the salmon are eating. Fishing experts say young salmon are likely filling up on nutrient-poor food because warmer waters drive away healthier organisms (有机物) they normally feed on. “In my opinion, the salmon are starving with climate change,” said Brooke Woods in the Yukon River Inter-Tribal Fish Commission.
The effects of climate change on freshwater environments have also been studied. Vanessa von Biela is a biologist who looked at the rivers, streams and lakes where salmon live. Her team found that Chinook salmon show heat stress at temperatures above 18℃. They start dying above 20℃. In 2019, temperatures on the Alaskan side were above 18℃ for 44 straight days, a recent study found.
The effects of warming waters can be reduced by climate-driven glacier (冰川) runoff, which brings cooler water into rivers and streams. But scientists still expect salmon to begin slowly moving to new areas within Alaska. “Salmon will find a way,” said Biela. “but it’s going to be hard for communities in places where there might not be salmon anymore.”
34．What do the locals rely on salmon for?
A．Food supply. B．Scientific study. C．Green tourism. D．Water improvement.
35．What did the declaration of the disaster bring about?
A．Financial losses. B．Relief funds. C．Economic growth. D．Fast delivery.
36．Which of the following is the effect of climate change in Yukon River?
A．No healthy organisms are left there. B．Salmon there lose the ability to lay eggs.
C．Salmon there go short of nutritious food. D．The temperature remains above 18℃ till now.
37．What can be inferred from the last paragraph?
A．Measures to protect salmon are effective. B．Salmon will not find a way out of the crisis.
C．The amount of salmon will increase greatly. D．Salmon are likely to leave the river for survival.
第二节（共5小题：每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Traveling alone gives you the freedom to create your own schedule and do as you please. ___38___ For example, a travel partner can provide practical support and celebrate in the rewards of first-hand experience with unfamiliar locations and cultures. Here are several steps to find a travel partner who will improve your journey.
___39___ Traveling should be fun. When you are on a trip, you will want to do lots of activities that you enjoy. Preferably, your companion will want to do the same things as you.
Discuss financial plans. Before you travel, you should plan a budget. ___40___ You don’t want to be planning an expensive getaway when your friend is looking for budget travel.
Have an honest conversation. If you are thinking about traveling with a companion, take some time to have an open discussion. Schedule a time to sit down and talk. Try saying, “I know we’ve talked about the idea of traveling through Europe together. Let’s have a coffee this week and actually talk that through.” ___41___ You should also talk about your travel style.
Find someone who is flexible. Choose a travel partner who can adjust. ___42___Maybe it will rain on the day you planned to visit the Grand Canyon. Or you might not be able to get reservations at that French restaurant you’ve been dying to try.
A．Look for someone with common interests.
B．You should discuss your goals for the trip.
C．Travel with a friend who is pretty easygoing.
D．But traveling with a partner has its benefits, too.
E．Make sure that you are on the same page concerning money.
F．Try to meet your new travel partner in person before your trip.
G．No matter how carefully you plan your trip, it is likely that something will go wrong.
第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分）
第一节（共15小题：每小题1分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
At a young age, Patti Wilson was an epileptic (癫痫病患者). Her father, Jim Wilson, is a morning jogger. One day Patti said, “Daddy, what I’d really love to do is ____43____ with you every day, but I’m ____44____ I’ll have a seizure (癫痫发作).” Her father told her, “If you do, I know how to ____45____ it so let’s start running!”
That’s just what they did every day. It was a ____46____ experience for them to share and there were no seizures at all. After a few weeks, she told her father, “Daddy, what I’d really love to do is ____47____ the world’s long distance running record for women.” Her father ____48____ the Guiness Book of World Records and found that the ____49____ any woman had run was 80 miles. As a freshman in high school, Patti ____50____, “I’m going to run from Orange County up to San Francisco.” (A distance of 400 milcs.)
____51____ her handicap, Patti was as ambitious as she was enthusiastic, but she said she ____52____ the handicap of being an epileptic as simply an inconvenience. She focused not on what she had lost, but on what she had ____53____.
In her sophomore year (二年级) Patti’s classmates got ____54____ her. They built a giant poster that ____55____, “Run, Patti, Run!” She finished her second marathon Portland, ____56____ her last mile with the governor of Oregon. After four months of almost ____57____ running from the West Coast to the East Coast, Patti arrived in Washington. She told the media, “I wanted people to know that epileptics are ____58____ human beings.”
I told this story at one of my seminars not long ago, and afterward a big teary-eyed man came up to me, ____59____ his big hand and said, “Mark, my name is Jim Wilson. You were talking about my daughter, Patti.” Because of her constant ____60____, he told me, enough money had been ____61____ to open up 19 multi-million-dollar epileptic centers around the country.
If Patti Wilson can do so much with so little, what can you do to outperform (超出) yourself in a state of total ____62____?
43．A．work B．run C．stay D．play
44．A．afraid B．sure C．curious D．careful
45．A．help B．handle C．fix D．ignore
46．A．private B．different C．wonderful D．essential
47．A．keep B．destroy C．seize D．break
48．A．checked B．reviewed C．afforded D．examined
49．A．latest B．farthest C．slowest D．newest
50．A．responded B．invented C．announced D．argued
51．A．In view of B．In contrast with C．On behalf of D．In memory of
52．A．stuck to B．took on C．made up D．looked at
53．A．earned B．deserved C．left D．desired
54．A．around B．over C．about D．behind
55．A．read B．sounded C．engaged D．felt
56．A．leaving B．completing C．attempting D．fighting
57．A．free B．frequent C．continuous D．regular
58．A．tough B．cautious C．typical D．normal
59．A．extended B．took C．felt D．withdrew
60．A．pressure B．failure C．efforts D．challenge
61．A．spent B．drawn C．lost D．collected
62．A．wealth B．wellness C．honour D．action
第二节（共10小题：每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
A male elephant that broke away from the wandering elephant group __63__(send)back to its forest home on Wednesday in Xishuangbanna Dai Autonomous Prefecture, southwest China’s Yunnan Province, local authorities said.
Yuxi City headquarters in charge of monitoring the pack’s migration (迁徙) took the ___64___ (decide) early Wednesday morning ___65___ ( prevent) the lone animal from entering heavily populated areas. At 3 p. m., the elephant was caught and returned to the nature reserve. The animal appeared healthy and didn’t suffer from any ___66___(injure).
The pack of 15 wandering wild Asian elephants travelled about 500 kilometers north from their forest home. The male elephant separated ___67___ the pack on June 6, and moved around in the cities of Kunming, Anning and Yuxi, with an activity area of 140 square kilometers and a walking ___68___ (distant) of 190 kilometers. It had relied mainly on ___69___ was provided by the locals. The ___70___ (remain) 14 elephants have been moving southward recently but are still far from the reserve.
Asian elephants are under A-level state protection in China, where they are mostly found in Yunnan. Due ___71___ determined protection efforts in recent decades, the wild elephant population in the province ___72___ (grow) to about 300.
第四部分 写作（共两节，满分40分）
第一节（满分15分）
73．假定你是李华，外教Smith 邀请你本周日陪他去大明湖游玩，但你因故不能前往。请你写一封电子邮件，内容包括：1．感谢邀请;2．说明原因;3．另约时间。
注意：
1．写作词数应为80左右;
2．请按格式在相应位置作答。
Dear Smith,
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours
Li Hua
第二节（满分25分）
阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
There I was stuck AGAIN. This was the same feeling that overwhelms me every year. But this year it was different, because if I failed this exam I would not graduate. I sat there, panic stricken, unable to move. Pressure crushed in on me. What if I could not go to high school? Would Dad and Mum kick me out of their house?
I took two deep breaths and looked up. I could see the teacher pacing up and down. The classroom was dead silent except for the clock. Tick Tock. Tick Tock. I checked the clock for the third time. Ten minutes left! I clenched (握紧) and unclenched my fist in an attempt to calm myself. Think! I told myself. I knew I could do this. My hand couldn’t help trembling. Then I scribbled (胡乱写下) the first few words that hit me.
“It isn’t my fault...”
I stared blankly at those words. At the comer of my eye, I could see my teacher walking towards me. She was checking on our progress! Dread built up within me. Then, I glanced at the four words again. Without any warning, my hand moved to write.
Hair on my arms stood as the teacher leaned in and started to read my work. I peered over to see my teacher’s expression, praying that my work had not brought in disappointment. To my astonishment, she displayed a clear satisfaction! That was good, wasn’t it? I hurriedly looked down at my essay.
I skimmed it through. I felt proud. Now, there’s something I was still worried about. I checked the clock. Two minutes left! I was still writing!
I bit my lip, took a deep breath, and concentrated on writing. I heard the teacher leave.
“There’s one minute left. Please check your work.” the teacher reminded us.
注意：
1.所续写短文的词数应为150左右;
2.续写部分分为两段，每段的开头语已为你写好。
Paragraph 1:
“One minute left?” I exclaimed.
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Paragraph 2:
A week later, the teacher handed the papers back to us.
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
万州第二高中2022-2023学年高三上学期1月质量检测
英语试题 参考答案
1．C
【详解】W: Hello, Tony. Where were you last night?
M: I had to stay at home.
W: But you missed a really wonderful concert!
2．C
【原文】W: Peter, I bought this sun cream, but I think something is wrong.
M: Why do you think so?
W: It just feels and smells different.
3．D
【原文】W: Good morning. This is Susan Baker at Sunshine Computer Company. Is Michael Smith there?
M: Sorry, he is out for lunch. May I take a message?
Q: Where is Michael Smith most probably now?
4．C
【原文】M: Can I leave now, Mrs Smith?
W: Sure you can. But remember, if you don’t pay more attention to your work and less to sports, you won’t pass your exams.
5．C
【原文】W: I think we are lost. Should we ask someone for help?
M: No. I’ll just use the map on my smartphone.
W: Will your smartphone work here?
6．C 7．C 8．B
【原文】W: I’m calling about a suitcase. I lost it yesterday.
M: Well, let’s put the details into the computer.
W: OK, it’s small and it’s black.
M: Were there any items inside it?
W: Yes. I had office keys in there. My house keys were in my pocket. Um, there were a lot of documents. But the thing I’m really worried about — I mean, there is a camera I just bought.
M: It was yesterday. So that was on May the 13th.
W: Yes. I was heading to my home. I was very tired when I was in the airport. I think that’s why I just forgot about the case.
M: What kind of transport were you using?
W: I thought about getting the train, but that would have meant a bus journey as well, and I couldn’t be bothered so I decided to take a taxi at last. That’s where I must have left it.
M: Well, if someone handed it in, we’ll let you know.
W: Thanks.
9．C 10．C 11．A 12．B
【原文】W: I want the trees outside the church decorated with white balloons.
M: We can certainly arrange that. Would you like the chair covers to match?
W: No, I would like them also to be a mix of silver and gold to match my dress.
M: Brave choice. Usually we see white or cream. Moving on to the ceremony, we’ll have you and your partner here. Where do you want your flower girl? What’s her name?
W: Bethany. She’s quite young, so she had better sit down once she has finished her job.
M: And will it be your father who is walking with you?
W: Unfortunately, he passed away two years ago. It will be my uncle who gives me away.
M: I’m sorry for your loss. I’m sure he’ll be watching down on your big day.
W: That’s very kind of you to say so.
M: So after the ceremony, your guests will file out into the garden for photos and then into the hall for reception drinks. How many people will there be?
W: Two hundred during the ceremony and a hundred more for the evening section. Is the beer and wine included in the package?
M: No, we do have a number of options, or you can provide your own at no additional cost.
W: We’ll provide our own. Adam works for a drinks company.
M: Good to know. I might need to speak to him about supplies.
13．C 14．A
【原文】M: Garden Hotel. Can I help you?
W: My name is Vicky Clark. I saw your advertisement in the newspaper. Can you tell me about the job, please?
M: We need people working in the kitchen, washing up, and clearing tables. What jobs have you done before?
W: I’ve worked in a restaurant. But I’m a student, so I can only work on weekends.
M: That’s not a problem. Can you come here at 2:00 this afternoon to meet the manager?
W: I’m sorry. I have class from 2:00 to 3:00, but I can come afterwards at 3:30.
M: That’s fine.
15．B 16．A 17．C
【原文】W: Hello, this is Tina. I haven’t booked my flight to Washington DC yet, but I was wondering if you have any advice on how to best get to you from the airport?
M: Yes, well, if you’re flying, Reagan National is the closest. You can take the underground right from there. Dulles is further away and a taxi is probably the easiest. And then Baltimore-Washington Airport connects to a train that you can take right into the main train station in town.
W: OK, cool, I think Reagan should be the best. And do you pretty centrally lie in Washington DC? Like, next to all the sights and everything? My friend asked me to stay in her house, but I don’t think it would be very convenient.
M: Yep. We’re in the Dupont Circle area, pretty central to Washington DC. You can walk down to the White House. The underground is right around the corner.
W: Do you include breakfast?
M: Yes, madam, and we also offer dinner if you like.
W: OK. That sounds good. Thank you. I’m going to think about it and once I’ve got everything booked, I’ll give you a call.
M: OK. Have a good day.
18．C 19．A 20．C 21．C
【原文】
W: I’m Lee Minwoo from South Korea. When I was little I was very interested in English. I learned English at school. There was a good teacher who was not a native English speaker. He taught French and German, but he really spoke English quite well. It was funny because I was the only student in his class — it was really a private lesson. I had an excellent coursebook. I still keep a copy of it. The front cover was red with a lovely picture, and it was very modern. Learning English was quite easy for me because the teacher was so good and he helped a lot. Also, I’m quite good at learning languages. It was really enjoyable to have classes. I loved the sound of the words. I felt really proud when my spelling improved day by day and I could read a short story. In middle school, English was still my favorite subject. I even stayed in America for one year as an exchange student. I learned a lot there, not only English but different cultures.
22．A 23．A 24．C 25．C
【导语】这是一篇新闻报道。文章主要讲了极端天气和与此相关的灾难会越来越多，但是人类可以通过早期预警系统拯救更多的生命。
22．细节理解题。由第一段第一句“The number of weather-related disasters has increased by five times over the past 50 years, the latest report by the World Meteorological (气象) Organization (WMO) said on September. (世界气象组织(WMO)9月发布的最新报告称，过去50年来，与天气有关的灾害数量增加了五倍)”可知，与气候相关的灾难增多了。故选A项。
23．细节理解题。由第三段Petteri Taalas说的话“Weather, climate and water extremes are increasing and will become more frequent and severe in many parts of the world as a result of climate change,(由于气候变化，天气、气候和水的极端事件正在增加，并将在世界许多地区变得更加频繁和严重)”可知，将会有更多的极端天气。故选A项。
24．细节理解题。由最后一段“But behind the statistics lies a message of hope. Improved multi-hazard early warning systems have led to a significant reduction in deaths. (但在统计数据背后隐藏着希望的信息。改进的多灾种早期预警系统使得死亡人数显著减少)”可知，预警系统会拯救更多生命。故选C项。
25．推理判断题。由第三段“says WMO Secretary-General Petteri Taalas. (WMO 秘书长Petteri Taalas说)”和第五段结尾“Taalas said.(Taalas说)”可知，文章引用了世界气象组织官员的话，所以最可能出自电视或广播的专题节目，magazine有“(电视、广播)专题节目”的意思。故选C项。
26．C 27．C 28．B 29．D
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要以科学家史蒂夫·福里斯特为例，介绍了他们在南极洲数企鹅的工作，以及这项工作的意义。
26．推理判断题。根据第一段“Steve Forest is a scientist. He’s standing on an island off the coast of the Antarctic Peninsula. Below him are several hundred penguins and their children. Forrest’s job is to count every one of them. It's snowing. There is a big wind, too. And their children won’t stay still. Penguins are great climbers. So Forrest and the team members must be too. And penguins aren't always clean.(史蒂夫·福里斯特是一位科学家。他站在南极半岛海岸外的一个小岛上。在他的下面是几百只企鹅和它们的孩子。福雷斯特的工作是清点每一个。下雪了。也有大风。他们的孩子不会乖乖的。企鹅是攀岩高手。所以福雷斯特和队员们也必须是。企鹅并不总是干净的)”可推知，像Forrest这样的科学家需要头脑冷静。故选C。
27．细节理解题。根据第二段中“He's helping count the area’s penguins. This will help researchers better understand the Antarctic environment. (他在帮着数这个地区的企鹅。这将有助于研究人员更好地了解南极的环境)”可知，在南极数企鹅有助于了解南极环境。故选C。
28．词句猜测题。根据最后一段中“The more we learn, the more we know about krill and the ocean animals that depend on them.(我们了解得越多，就越了解磷虾和依赖它们生存的海洋动物)”可知，当我们了解了磷虾，我们就可以开始拯救这些磷虾了，故them指的是“磷虾”。故选B。
29．推理判断题。根据第二段中“The team member Noah Strycker adds, “We know climate change is hitting the Antarctic Peninsula harder than anywhere else in the world. We are following the situation closely.”(小组成员诺亚·斯特莱克补充说：“我们知道气候变化对南极半岛的影响比世界上其他任何地方都要严重。我们正在密切关注事态发展。”)”可推知，气候变化在南极半岛最为明显。故选D。
30．A 31．D 32．C 33．C
【分析】本文是一篇说明文。好奇心像一台发动机，让你在求知的路上突飞猛进、硕果累累。那么如何激发好奇心呢？请看科学家们怎么说吧。
30．细节理解题。根据第二段中的The curious individual is motivated to obtain the missing information to reduce the feeling of deprivation.可知，好奇的人会被激励去获取缺失的信息，从而减少被剥夺的感觉。由此可知，当人们意识到知识缺口时，就渴望弥补它。故选A。
31．推理判断题。根据第三段Scientist Daniel Willingham notes that teachers are often “so eager to get to the answer that we do not devote enough time to developing the question.” Yet it's the question that stimulates (刺激) curiosity; being told an answer stops curiosity before it can even get going.可知，科学家Daniel Willingham指出，老师们往往“太急于得到答案，以至于我们没有投入足够的时间来研究这个问题。” 然而，正是这个问题激发了人们的好奇心；被告知答案会在好奇心开始之前就停止了。由此可知，Daniel Willingham暗示学生对学校的厌恶，部分要归咎于教师。故选D。
32．细节理解题。根据第四段的In his 1994 paper, George Loewenstein noted that curiosity requires some basic knowledge. We're not curious about something we know absolutely nothing about.可知，George Loewenstein在他1994年的论文中指出，好奇心需要一些基本的知识。我们对自己一无所知的事物并不好奇。由此可知，只有当你有一些相关的信息时，你才会对某事产生好奇心。故选C。
33．主旨大意题。通读全文以及根据第一段中的But how does one generate (产生) curiosity, in oneself or others?(但是，一个人是如何激发自己或他人的好奇心的呢？)可知，本文讲述了好奇心是怎样产生的问题，针对此问题，最后三段对如何激发好奇心给出了科学的建议。由此可知本文主要谈论了怎样去激发好奇心。故选C。
34．A 35．B 36．C 37．D
【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲的是阿拉斯加育空河近年来面临鲑鱼严重短缺的问题，科学家们大多将这些问题归咎于气候变化。
34．细节理解题。根据第二段的“The die-offs also hurt native communities, which traditionally store the fish as a year-round food supply.(这些鱼类的死亡也对当地社区造成了伤害，当地传统上储存这些鱼类作为全年的食物供应。)”可知，当地人靠鲑鱼来作为食物供应。故选A。
35．细节理解题。根据第三段的“Last month, the U.S. Department of Commerce declared a disaster for Yukon River fishing for 2020 and 2021, making aid money available.(上个月，美国商务部宣布育空河渔业在2020年和2021年处于灾难状态，使得援助资金被获得。)”可知，灾难的声明带来了救援资金。故选B。
36．细节理解题。根据倒数第三段的“Climate change may also be affecting what the salmon are eating. Fishing experts say young salmon are likely filling up on nutrient-poor food because warmer waters drive away healthier organisms they normally feed on.(气候变化也可能影响鲑鱼的饮食。渔业专家说，年幼的鲑鱼可能会吃营养不良的食物，因为温暖的海水赶走了它们通常赖以为生的健康生物。)”可知，Yukon River的气候变化的影响是那里的鲑鱼缺乏营养食物。故选C。
37．推理判断题。根据最后一段的“But scientists still expect salmon to begin slowly moving to new areas within Alaska.(但科学家仍然预计鲑鱼会开始缓慢地迁移到阿拉斯加的新地区。)”可知，鲑鱼很可能为了生存而离开这条河流。故选D。
38．D 39．A 40．E 41．B 42．G
【导语】这是一篇说明文。本文讲述了对于选择旅游伙伴的一些建议。要选择兴趣相同且消费能力相近的伙伴一同旅游，这样可以在路上互相帮助。还要在旅游前与同伴进行充分讨论，这样可以减少旅行时与同伴的矛盾。
38．根据后文“For example, a travel partner can provide practical support and celebrate in the rewards of first-hand experience with unfamiliar locations and cultures.(例如，旅行伙伴可以提供实际支持，并庆祝亲身体验陌生地点和文化的收获)”可知，后文提到旅行伙伴可以对你提供实际支持，并在你不熟悉的地方帮助你，可见与同伴旅行有其好处。故D选项“但结伴旅行也有好处”符合语境，与前文“Traveling alone gives you the freedom to create your own schedule and do as you please.(独自旅行可以让你自由地制定自己的时间表，随心所欲)”所讲的独自旅行的好处形成转折关系，故选D。
39．根据后文“Traveling should be fun. When you are on a trip, you will want to do lots of activities that you enjoy. Preferably, your companion will want to do the same things as you.(旅行应该是有趣的。当你在旅行时，你会想要做很多你喜欢的活动。最好，你的伴侣会想做和你一样的事情)”可知，后文提到有共同兴趣的人才会想和你做同样的事情，所以本句是在建议要寻找有共同兴趣的人，故A选项“找一个有共同兴趣的人”符合语境，故选A。
40．根据后文“You don’t want to be planning an expensive getaway when your friend is looking for budget travel.(当你的朋友正在寻找穷游的时候，你肯定不想计划一次昂贵的旅行)”可知，后文提到朋友想穷游，你就不能计划昂贵的旅行，可见两人金钱观要一致，所以选择旅行伙伴时，要确保你们的金钱观相同，也就是消费能力相近。故E选项“确保你们在金钱问题上达成一致”符合语境，故选E。
41．根据上文“Have an honest conversation. If you are thinking about traveling with a companion, take some time to have an open discussion. Schedule a time to sit down and talk. Try saying, “I know we’ve talked about the idea of traveling through Europe together. Let’s have a coffee this week and actually talk that through.”(进行一次诚实的对话。如果你考虑结伴旅行，那就花点时间开诚布公地讨论一下。安排一个时间坐下来谈谈。试着说：“我知道我们已经讨论过一起去欧洲旅行的想法。这周我们一起喝杯咖啡，好好谈谈这个问题。”)”以及后文“You should also talk about your travel style.(你们还应该谈谈你们的旅行风格)”可知，本段中作者的建议花点时间开展一场讨论，故本句是在建议讨论的内容，故B选项“你们应该讨论一下旅行的目标”符合语境，故选B。
42．根据后文“Maybe it will rain on the day you planned to visit the Grand Canyon. Or you might not be able to get reservations at that French restaurant you’ve been dying to try. (也许你计划去大峡谷的那天会下雨。又或者，你一直想去的那家法国餐厅可能订不到位子)”可知，后文提到因为也许天公不作美，当你想去大峡谷旅行时却下雨了，表明无论你多么小心地计划你的旅行，都很可能会出错。故G选项“不管你把旅行计划得多么仔细，还是有可能出差错”符合语境，故选G。
43．B 44．A 45．B 46．C 47．D 48．A 49．B 50．C 51．A 52．D 53．C 54．D 55．A 56．B 57．C 58．D 59．A 60．C 61．D 62．B
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了Patti Wilson从小患有癫痫，但仍然坚持跑步，还筹集到足够的资金在全国各地开设了19个价值数百万美元的癫痫治疗中心的故事。
43．考查动词词义辨析。句意：爸爸，我真正想做的是每天和你一起跑步，但我怕我会癫痫发作。A. work工作；B. run跑步；C. stay停留；D. play玩耍。根据后文“let’s start running!”可知是一起跑步。故选B。
44．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：爸爸，我真正想做的是每天和你一起跑步，但我怕我会癫痫发作。A. afraid害怕的；B. sure当然的；C. curious好奇的；D. careful仔细的。根据后文“I’ll have a seizure”可知Patti害怕自己跑步时癫痫发作。故选A。
45．考查动词词义辨析。句意：她的父亲告诉她，“如果你这样做，我知道怎么处理，所以我们开始跑吧！”A. help帮助；B. handle处理；C. fix修理；D. ignore忽视。根据后文“it so let’s start running!”可知it指代癫痫发作，所以是父亲告诉Patti自己知道如何处理癫痫发作的情况。故选B。
46．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：对他们来说，这是一个美妙的经历，没有癫痫发作。A. private私人的；B. different不同的；C. wonderful极好的；D. essential必不可少的。根据后文“experience for them to share and there were no seizures at all”可知，这是一段美好的经历，故选C。
47．考查动词词义辨析。句意：爸爸，我真正想做的是打破世界女子长跑纪录。A. keep保持；B. destroy破坏；C. seize抓住；D. break打破。根据后文“the world’s long distance running record for women”指打破世界女子长跑纪录，应用break。故选D。
48．考查动词词义辨析。句意：她的父亲查阅了《吉尼斯世界纪录大全》，发现女性跑得最远的距离是80英里。A. checked检查，查阅；B. reviewed复习；C. afforded买得起；D. examined检查。根据后文“the Guiness Book of World Records”指父亲查阅《吉尼斯世界纪录大全》，故选A。
49．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：她的父亲查阅了《吉尼斯世界纪录大全》，发现女性跑得最远的距离是80英里。A. latest最新的；B. farthest最远的；C. slowest最慢的；D. newest最新的。根据后文“any woman had run was 80 miles”可知，女性跑得最远的距离是80英里。故选B。
50．考查动词词义辨析。句意：高中一年级时，帕蒂宣布：“我要从橘子郡跑到旧金山。”A. responded回答；B. invented发明；C. announced宣布；D. argued争论。根据后文“I’m going to run from Orange County up to San Francisco.”可知，帕蒂宣布自己我要从橘子郡跑到旧金山。故选C。
51．考查介词短语辨析。句意：考虑到她的残疾，帕蒂既雄心勃勃又充满热情，但她说，她把癫痫病人的残疾仅仅看作是一种不便。A. In view of鉴于，考虑到；B. In contrast with对比；C. On behalf of代表；D. In memory of纪念。结合后文“her handicap, Patti was as ambitious as she was enthusiastic”可知，考虑到她的残疾，帕蒂既雄心勃勃又充满热情，故选A。
52．考查动词短语辨析。句意：考虑到她的残疾，帕蒂既雄心勃勃又充满热情，但她说，她把癫痫病人的残疾仅仅看作是一种不便。A. stuck to坚持；B. took on采取；C. made up编造；D. looked at看着。根据后文“the handicap of being an epileptic as simply an inconvenience”可知指把癫痫病人的残疾仅仅看作是一种不便。故选D。
53．考查动词词义辨析。句意：她关注的不是她失去了什么，而是她还剩下什么。A. earned赚得；B. deserved值得；C. left离开，留下；D. desired渴望。根据上文“She focused not on what she had lost, but on what she had”可知，帕蒂关注的不是她失去了什么，而是她还剩下什么。故选C。
54．考查介词词义辨析。句意：二年级时，帕蒂的同学都很支持她。A. around在周围；B. over越过；C. about关于；D. behind在后面。根据后文“They built a giant poster”同学为她制作海报，可知都很支持她。get behind sb.“支持某人”。故选D。
55．考查动词词义辨析。句意：他们做了一张巨大的海报，上面写着：“快跑，帕蒂，快跑!”A. read阅读，写着；B. sounded听起来；C. engaged参与；D. felt感觉。结合上文“They built a giant poster that”指海报上写着字，应用read。故选A。
56．考查动词词义辨析。句意：她在波特兰完成了她的第二次马拉松比赛，与俄勒冈州州长一起完成了最后一英里。A. leaving离开；B. completing完成；C. attempting尝试；D. fighting战斗。结合上文“She finished her second marathon Portland”指帕蒂在波特兰完成了她的第二次马拉松比赛，与俄勒冈州州长一起完成了最后一英里。故选B。
57．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：帕蒂几乎连续四个月从西海岸跑到东海岸，终于抵达华盛顿。A. free自由的；B. frequent频繁的；C. continuous持续的；D. regular定期的。根据上文“After four months of almost”可知，帕蒂连续跑了四个月，从西海岸跑到东海岸。故选C。
58．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：她告诉媒体：“我想让人们知道，癫痫患者也是正常人。”A. tough艰难的；B. cautious谨慎的；C. typical典型的；D. normal正常的。根据上文“that epileptics are”可知，帕蒂想通过自己的行动证明癫痫患者也是正常人。故选D。
59．考查动词词义辨析。句意：不久前，我在一次研讨会上讲了这个故事。后来，一个大男人泪眼汪汪地走到我面前，伸出他的大手说：“马克，我叫吉姆·威尔逊。你说的是我的女儿，帕蒂。”A. extended扩大；B. took带走；C. felt感觉；D. withdrew撤退。根据后文“his big hand”可知，这个男人伸出了手。故选A。
60．考查名词词义辨析。句意：他告诉我，由于她不断的努力，已经筹集到足够的资金，在全国各地开设了19个价值数百万美元的癫痫治疗中心。A. pressure压力；B. failure失败；C. efforts努力；D. challenge挑战。根据后文“enough money had been”可知，由于她不断的努力终于筹到了钱。故选C。
61．考查动词词义辨析。句意：他告诉我，由于她不断的努力，已经筹集到足够的资金，在全国各地开设了19个价值数百万美元的癫痫治疗中心。A. spent花费；B. drawn画；C. lost失去；D. collected收集，筹集。根据上文“enough money had been”可知，帕蒂筹集到足够的资金，故选D。
62．考查名词词义辨析。句意：如果帕蒂•威尔逊可以用这么少的时间做这么多事情，那么你又能做些什么来让自己在完全健康的状态下表现得更好呢？A. wealth财富；B. wellness健康；C. honour荣誉；D. action行动。根据上文“If Patti Wilsons can do so much with so little, what can you do to outperform yourself in a state of total”可知，癫痫患者帕蒂•威尔逊虽然患病，但是仍然坚持跑步，筹集资金，与健康的人形成对比，故此处指的是正常人在完全健康的状态下表现得更好。故选B。
63．was sent 64．decision 65．to prevent 66．injury##injuries 67．from 68．distance 69．what 70．remaining 71．to 72．has grown
【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道。文章介绍了从西双版纳北迁出走的亚洲象中一头离群的公象被送回原栖息地的经过及相关信息。
63．考查动词语态。句意：本周三，一头离群的公象被送回了它位于西双版纳傣族自治州的森林中的家。分析句子结构，句子主语a male elephant与谓语动词send之间为被动关系，根据文章内容可知，这头公象被送回保护区了（发生在过去），故用一般过去时的被动式。故填was sent。
64．考查名词。句意：玉溪市负责监控象群迁徙的指挥部于周三早上做出了这一决定，以防止这只离群的动物进入人口稠密的地区。分析句子可知，空处作take的宾语，应填名词；decide的名词形式是decision，此处特指文中提到的决定，用单数形式。故填decision。
65．考查非谓语动词。句意：玉溪市负责监控象群迁徙的指挥部于周三早上做出了这一决定，以防止这只离群的动物进入人口稠密的地区。做出决定的目的是防止这头独象进入人口密集的地区，故此处用动词不定式，表目的。故填to prevent。
66．考查名词。句意：句意：这只动物（公象）看来很健康，也未受伤。空处作suffer from的宾语，应用名词形式；injury“伤”可作可数名词和不可数名词，当作可数名词时在any后常用复数形式。故填injury或injuries。
67．考查介词。句意：这只公象于6月6日脱离狼群，在昆明、安宁、玉溪等地活动，活动面积140平方公里，行走距离190公里。结合句意表达“与……分离”应用固定短语separate from。故填from。
68．考查名词。句意：这只公象于6月6日脱离狼群，在昆明、安宁、玉溪等地活动，活动面积140平方公里，行走距离190公里。形容词walking后接名词，walking distance“步行距离”，冠词a提示用其单数形式。故填distance。
69．考查宾语从句。句意：它主要依靠当地人提供的食物。空处引导宾语从句，从句缺少主语，且指代食物，应用连接代词what。故填what。
70．考查形容词。句意：剩下的14头大象最近一直在向南移动，但离保护区仍然很远。此处指“剩余的”14头大象，修饰名词用形容词，应将动词remain变为形容词remaining(剩下的)。故填remaining。
71．考查介词。句意：由于近几十年来坚定的保护努力，该省的野生大象数量已增至约300头。结合句意表达“由于”应用due to。故填to。
72．考查动词时态。句意：由于近几十年来坚定的保护努力，该省的野生大象数量已增至约300头。空处为句子谓语动词，结合语境和时间状语in recent decades判断为现在完成时，主语population是单数，助动词用has。故填has grown。
73．One possible version:
Dear Smith, Thank you for inviting me to go to Daming Lake with you this Sunday. However, I am afraid that I could not manage it, because there will be an important test next Monday. With tons of notes to go through, I can hardly squeeze any time for the trip this weekend. I wonder if it is possible that we reschedule it for another time.Will next Sunday suit you?Please let me know whether you are available. I hope this will not bring you too much inconvenience. Looking forward to your reply.
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生给外教Smith写一封电子邮件，告诉他因故本周日不能陪他去大明湖游玩。
【详解】1.词汇积累
害怕的：afraid→apprehensive
重要的：important → significant
考虑：wonder→take into account
希望：hope→ look forward
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：Thank you for inviting me to go to Daming Lake with you this Sunday.
拓展句：It is my appreciation that you are inviting me to go to Daming Lake with you this Sunday. .
【点睛】【高分句型1】However, I am afraid that I could not manage it, because there will be an important test next Monday.（运用了that引导的宾语从句和because引导的原因状语从句）
【高分句型2】I wonder if it is possible that we reschedule it for another time.（运用了if引导的宾语从句）
74．参考范文
One possible version:
“One minute left?” I exclaimed. Everybody looked at me weirdly. I looked down, feeling ashamed. But I had to finish the paper. I tried to ignore everything and continue writing. One more word, I said to myself, come on. Just like this, I forced myself to concentrate and willed my hand to scribble whatever that popped up on my mind. “Time’s up! Put your pens down. Please hand in your test paper to me in the front.” the teacher announced. I finished! I put down my pen, breathing a sigh of relief, and then I stood up and limped towards the teacher to hand it in-my legs felt like noodles, thanks to the extreme tension.
A week later, the teacher handed the papers back to us. It was the time for truth! I folded my paper and held it tightly in my hands, shilly-shallying about whether to check the result in front of my classmates. Finally I decided I should face my fate bravely and unfolded it. It was an “A”! I could not believe my eyes. How could it be? It was the first time in my life that I had got an “A”. I turned to look at my teacher. Our eyes met. She nodded and gave me a big smile! At that point, I made a firm resolution: I’d be more hard-working and more confident, so that I wouldn’t be stuck and panic like this again in high school.
【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了作者在考场上再一次感到非常焦虑恐慌，害怕自己不及格让父母失望，经过一系列心理斗争强迫让自己平静下来继续答卷的故事。
【详解】1.段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“还剩下一分钟吗？我喊道。”可知，第一段可描写临近交卷前作者的行为以及交卷后的心理状态。
②由第二段首句内容“一周后，老师把试卷还给了我们。”可知，本段应该写作者本次考试的结果以及之后的心理状态。
2.续写线索：羞愧提出疑问——继续完成答题——交卷后如释重负——试卷下发——勇敢面对成绩——成绩结果优秀——老师满意——下定决心
3.词汇激活
行为类
①集中精力：concentrate/focus
②胡乱写：scribble/scrawl
③犹豫不决：shilly-shally/hesitate
④下定决心：make a firm resolution/make up one’s mind
情绪类
①古怪地：weirdly/oddly/strangely
②勇敢地：bravely/courageously
【点睛】[高分句型1]. I folded my paper and held it tightly in my hands, shilly-shallying about whether to check the result in front of my classmates.（运用了现在分词作伴随状语）
[高分句型2]. I’d be more hard-working and more confident, so that I wouldn’t be stuck and panic like this again in high school.（运用了so that引导目的状语从句）
万州第二高中2022-2023学年高三上学期1月质量检测
英语试题
满分150分，考试时间120分钟。
考生须知：
1.答题前，考生务必用黑色签字笔将自己的姓名、准考证号、座位号在答题卡上填写清楚；
2.每小题选出答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑，在试卷上作答无效；
3.考试结束后，请将本试卷和答题卡一并交回；
满分150分，考试时间120分钟。
第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分）
做题时先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。
第一节（共5小题：每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
例：How much is the shirt?
A. £19.15. B. £9.18. C. £9.15.
答案是C。
1．Where was the man last night?
A．In the library. B．At the concert. C．At home.
2．What’s wrong with the woman’s sun cream?
A．It is outdated. B．It seems useless. C．It feels different.
3．A．At Susan Baker’s. B．At the computer company. C．In his own office.
4．Who is the boy probably talking to?
A．His boss. B．His fitness coach. C．His teacher.
5．What are the speakers mainly talking about?
A．Where the map is. B．When to work. C．How to find their way.
第二节（共15小题：每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。
6．What is the woman most worried about?
A．Her house keys. B．Her documents. C．Her camera.
7．What date is it today?
A．May the 12th. B．May the 13th. C．May the 14th.
8．Where did the woman leave her suitcase?
A．On a train. B．In a taxi. C．On a bus.
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。
9．What color is the woman’s dress?
A．White. B．Cream. C．Silver and gold.
10．How many people will be present at the ceremony?
A．100. B．200. C．300.
11．What will the woman provide?
A．Drinks. B．Balloons. C．Chair covers.
12．What are the speakers talking about?
A．A birthday party. B．A wedding ceremony. C．A funeral.
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。
13．Why does the woman call?
A．To book a table. B．To reschedule an interview. C．To apply for a part-time job.
14．What will the woman do at 2:30 this afternoon?
A．Attend a class. B．Meet the manager. C．Work in a restaurant.
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。
15．Where does the man most probably work?
A．At an airport. B．At a hotel. C．At a travel agency.
16．Which airport is the best choice for the woman?
A．Reagan National. B．Dulles. C．Baltimore-Washington.
17．Why is the woman going to Washington DC?
A．To visit a friend. B．To meet the man. C．To go sightseeing.
听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。
18．What language did the speaker learn from the teacher?
A．French. B．German. C．English.
19．What did the speaker’s coursebook look like?
A．It was very modern. B．It had a red back cover. C．It was full of pictures.
20．How does the speaker feel about having classes?
A．Bored. B．Tired. C．Pleased.
21．What do we know about the speaker?
A．She knew a lot of French.
B．She had some lessons at home.
C．She has a talent for learning languages.
第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分）
第一节（共15小题：每小题1.5分，满分37.5分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
The number of weather-related disasters has increased by five times over the past 50 years, the latest report by the World Meteorological (气象) Organization (WMO) said on September. However, thanks to improved early warning systems and disaster management, the number of death from these hazards (危险) has been almost three times less.
According to the WMO, from 1970 to 2019, weather, climate and water hazards accounted for 50 percent of all disasters. Among the top 10 hazards that led to the largest loss of human life during this period were droughts, storms, floods and extreme temperatures. However, deaths fell from over 50, 000 in the 1970s to less than 20, 000 in the 2010s.
“Weather, climate and water extremes are increasing and will become more frequent and severe in many parts of the world as a result of climate change,” says WMO Secretary-General Petteri Taalas.
“That means more heat waves, drought and forest fires such as those we have observed recently in Europe and North America. We have more water vapor in the atmosphere, which is worsening extreme rainfall and deadly flooding. The warming of the oceans has affected the frequency and area of existence of the most intense tropical storms.”
“Economic losses are increasing as exposure increases. But behind the statistics lies a message of hope. Improved multi-hazard early warning systems have led to a significant reduction in deaths. Quite simply, we are better than ever before at saving lives,” Taalas said.
22．What do we know from the first paragraph?
A．Disasters connected with weather have gone up.
B．The number of weather-related disasters has decreased.
C．The number of deaths from hazards has been increasing.
D．Early warning systems have made disasters decline much.
23．What will happen according to Petteri Taalas?
A．There will be more extreme weather.
B．Extreme rainfall will no longer exist.
C．Water vapor in the atmosphere will go down.
D．Humans will defeat extreme weather in the end.
24．What is hopeful behind the bad news?
A．Improved warning systems will save economic losses.
B．Economic losses are going down as exposure increases.
C．More lives will be saved thanks to early warning systems.
D．Improved early warning systems will control extreme weather
25．Where may the text be taken from?
A．A novel. B．A brochure. C．A magazine. D．A guideline.
B
Steve Forest is a scientist. He’s standing on an island off the coast of the Antarctic Peninsula. Below him are several hundred penguins and their children. Forrest’s job is to count every one of them. It's snowing. There is a big wind, too. And their children won’t stay still. Penguins are great climbers. So Forrest and the team members must be too. And penguins aren't always clean.
Forrest has been coming to Antarctica every January for six years. He's helping count the area’s penguins. This will help researchers better understand the Antarctic environment. There used to be lots of penguins in Antarctica, “It's all because of climate change,” Heather J. Lynch says seriously. She is leading the research team. The team member Noah Strycker adds, “We know climate change is hitting the Antarctic Peninsula harder than anywhere else in the world. We are following the situation closely.”
Scientists think that warming waters do harm to krill, the tiny animals that penguins eat. This is bad for the sea life. But krill are hard to study, so researchers pay attention to penguins. They’re easier to follow. They return to the same place each year to lay eggs. If penguins aren't doing well , krill probably aren't either. “Penguins give us an idea about what is going on in the sea around us,” Forrest says.
This year, Lynch’s research team uses a drone to help them. They fly it over an area to take pictures to count penguins.
Counting penguins is quite necessary. The more we learn, the more we know about krill and the ocean animals that depend on them. When we understand them, we can start fixing them. We should consider carefully what Lynch says: “What’s happening in the Antarctic is happening everywhere.”
26．What is required of scientists like Forrest according to Paragraph 1?
A．Being clean. B．Being good at math.
C．Being cool-headed. D．Being skilled in climbing.
27．What's the point of counting penguins in the Antarctie?
A．To protect this animal species from extinction.
B．To help find out how many krill might be living
C．To have a better knowledge of the Antarctic environment
D．To collect first-hand data for analyzing global warming.
28．What does the underlined word “them” in the last paragraph refer to?
A．Scientists. B．Krill. C．Penguins. D．Ocean animals.
29．What can be inferred from the text?
A．Penguins lay eggs in the same place on the island every year.
B．The penguin population is increasing due to climate change.
C．The penguin population determines the krill population.
D．Climate change is most obvious in the Antarctic Peninsula.
C
Curiosity is what drives us to keep learning, keep trying, keep pushing forward. But how does one generate (产生) curiosity, in oneself or others? George Loewenstein, a professor of psychology at Carnegie Mellon University, offered an answer in the classic1994 paper, “The Psychology of Curiosity.”
Curiosity arises, Loewenstein wrote, “when attention becomes focused on a gap in one's knowledge. Such information gaps produce the feeling of deprivation (匮乏) labeled curiosity. The curious individual is motivated to obtain the missing information to reduce the feeling of deprivation.” Loewenstein's theory helps explain why curiosity is such a force: it's not only a mental state but also an emotion, a powerful feeling that drives us forward.
Scientist Daniel Willingham notes that teachers are often “so eager to get to the answer that we do not devote enough time to developing the question.” Yet it's the question that stimulates (刺激) curiosity; being told an answer stops curiosity before it can even get going.
In his 1994 paper, George Loewenstein noted that curiosity requires some basic knowledge. We're not curious about something we know absolutely nothing about. But as soon as we know even a little bit, our curiosity is aroused and we want to learn more. In fact, research shows that curiosity increases with knowledge: the more we know, the more we want to know. To get this process started, Loewenstein suggests, take steps with some interesting but incomplete information.
Language teachers have long used communication in exercises that open an information gap and then require learners to communicate with each other in order to fill it. For example, one student might be given a series of pictures for the beginning of the story, while the student's partner is given a series of pictures showing how that same story ends. Only by speaking with each other (in the foreign language they are learning, of course) can the students fill in each others' information gaps.
30．When one notices a gap in his knowledge, he .
A．desires to fill it B．tends to be afraid
C．might get tired and sad D．will become focused on his learning
31．What does Daniel Willingham imply in the article?
A．Answers are more important than questions.
B．Teachers should be eager to get to the answer.
C．Teachers know how to stimulate students’ curiosity.
D．Teachers are partly to blame for students’ hating school.
32．According to George Loewenstein’s paper, curiosity about something occurs only when you .
A．have read a lot of books B．know little about something
C．have some related information D．are given incomplete information
33．What is the article mainly about?
A．Why students hate school. B．Why curiosity is important.
C．How to stimulate curiosity. D．What makes people hungry for knowledge.
D
Alaska’s Yukon River has faced major salmon shortages in recent years. Officials say record-high temperatures last year killed most salmon in the 3,200-kilometer river before the fish were able to reproduce. The losses led Alaska to stop their salmon harvests in 2021 to make sure that enough fish survived to reproduce for another year.
The poor salmon harvests caused major financial losses to private fishing companies in the area. The die-offs also hurt native communities, which traditionally store the fish as a year-round food supply.
Last month, the U.S. Department of Commerce declared a disaster for Yukon River fishing for 2020 and 2021, making aid money available. Alaska has sent emergency fish shipments to areas affected by the salmon shortages.
Scientists have mostly blamed the problems on a series of heat waves in the Bering Sea and North Pacific Ocean from 2014 to 2019. The warm ocean waters affected salmon’s living in the sea before they returned to lay eggs.
Climate change may also be affecting what the salmon are eating. Fishing experts say young salmon are likely filling up on nutrient-poor food because warmer waters drive away healthier organisms (有机物) they normally feed on. “In my opinion, the salmon are starving with climate change,” said Brooke Woods in the Yukon River Inter-Tribal Fish Commission.
The effects of climate change on freshwater environments have also been studied. Vanessa von Biela is a biologist who looked at the rivers, streams and lakes where salmon live. Her team found that Chinook salmon show heat stress at temperatures above 18℃. They start dying above 20℃. In 2019, temperatures on the Alaskan side were above 18℃ for 44 straight days, a recent study found.
The effects of warming waters can be reduced by climate-driven glacier (冰川) runoff, which brings cooler water into rivers and streams. But scientists still expect salmon to begin slowly moving to new areas within Alaska. “Salmon will find a way,” said Biela. “but it’s going to be hard for communities in places where there might not be salmon anymore.”
34．What do the locals rely on salmon for?
A．Food supply. B．Scientific study. C．Green tourism. D．Water improvement.
35．What did the declaration of the disaster bring about?
A．Financial losses. B．Relief funds. C．Economic growth. D．Fast delivery.
36．Which of the following is the effect of climate change in Yukon River?
A．No healthy organisms are left there. B．Salmon there lose the ability to lay eggs.
C．Salmon there go short of nutritious food. D．The temperature remains above 18℃ till now.
37．What can be inferred from the last paragraph?
A．Measures to protect salmon are effective. B．Salmon will not find a way out of the crisis.
C．The amount of salmon will increase greatly. D．Salmon are likely to leave the river for survival.
第二节（共5小题：每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Traveling alone gives you the freedom to create your own schedule and do as you please. ___38___ For example, a travel partner can provide practical support and celebrate in the rewards of first-hand experience with unfamiliar locations and cultures. Here are several steps to find a travel partner who will improve your journey.
___39___ Traveling should be fun. When you are on a trip, you will want to do lots of activities that you enjoy. Preferably, your companion will want to do the same things as you.
Discuss financial plans. Before you travel, you should plan a budget. ___40___ You don’t want to be planning an expensive getaway when your friend is looking for budget travel.
Have an honest conversation. If you are thinking about traveling with a companion, take some time to have an open discussion. Schedule a time to sit down and talk. Try saying, “I know we’ve talked about the idea of traveling through Europe together. Let’s have a coffee this week and actually talk that through.” ___41___ You should also talk about your travel style.
Find someone who is flexible. Choose a travel partner who can adjust. ___42___Maybe it will rain on the day you planned to visit the Grand Canyon. Or you might not be able to get reservations at that French restaurant you’ve been dying to try.
A．Look for someone with common interests.
B．You should discuss your goals for the trip.
C．Travel with a friend who is pretty easygoing.
D．But traveling with a partner has its benefits, too.
E．Make sure that you are on the same page concerning money.
F．Try to meet your new travel partner in person before your trip.
G．No matter how carefully you plan your trip, it is likely that something will go wrong.
第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分）
第一节（共15小题：每小题1分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
At a young age, Patti Wilson was an epileptic (癫痫病患者). Her father, Jim Wilson, is a morning jogger. One day Patti said, “Daddy, what I’d really love to do is ____43____ with you every day, but I’m ____44____ I’ll have a seizure (癫痫发作).” Her father told her, “If you do, I know how to ____45____ it so let’s start running!”
That’s just what they did every day. It was a ____46____ experience for them to share and there were no seizures at all. After a few weeks, she told her father, “Daddy, what I’d really love to do is ____47____ the world’s long distance running record for women.” Her father ____48____ the Guiness Book of World Records and found that the ____49____ any woman had run was 80 miles. As a freshman in high school, Patti ____50____, “I’m going to run from Orange County up to San Francisco.” (A distance of 400 milcs.)
____51____ her handicap, Patti was as ambitious as she was enthusiastic, but she said she ____52____ the handicap of being an epileptic as simply an inconvenience. She focused not on what she had lost, but on what she had ____53____.
In her sophomore year (二年级) Patti’s classmates got ____54____ her. They built a giant poster that ____55____, “Run, Patti, Run!” She finished her second marathon Portland, ____56____ her last mile with the governor of Oregon. After four months of almost ____57____ running from the West Coast to the East Coast, Patti arrived in Washington. She told the media, “I wanted people to know that epileptics are ____58____ human beings.”
I told this story at one of my seminars not long ago, and afterward a big teary-eyed man came up to me, ____59____ his big hand and said, “Mark, my name is Jim Wilson. You were talking about my daughter, Patti.” Because of her constant ____60____, he told me, enough money had been ____61____ to open up 19 multi-million-dollar epileptic centers around the country.
If Patti Wilson can do so much with so little, what can you do to outperform (超出) yourself in a state of total ____62____?
43．A．work B．run C．stay D．play
44．A．afraid B．sure C．curious D．careful
45．A．help B．handle C．fix D．ignore
46．A．private B．different C．wonderful D．essential
47．A．keep B．destroy C．seize D．break
48．A．checked B．reviewed C．afforded D．examined
49．A．latest B．farthest C．slowest D．newest
50．A．responded B．invented C．announced D．argued
51．A．In view of B．In contrast with C．On behalf of D．In memory of
52．A．stuck to B．took on C．made up D．looked at
53．A．earned B．deserved C．left D．desired
54．A．around B．over C．about D．behind
55．A．read B．sounded C．engaged D．felt
56．A．leaving B．completing C．attempting D．fighting
57．A．free B．frequent C．continuous D．regular
58．A．tough B．cautious C．typical D．normal
59．A．extended B．took C．felt D．withdrew
60．A．pressure B．failure C．efforts D．challenge
61．A．spent B．drawn C．lost D．collected
62．A．wealth B．wellness C．honour D．action
第二节（共10小题：每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
A male elephant that broke away from the wandering elephant group __63__(send)back to its forest home on Wednesday in Xishuangbanna Dai Autonomous Prefecture, southwest China’s Yunnan Province, local authorities said.
Yuxi City headquarters in charge of monitoring the pack’s migration (迁徙) took the ___64___ (decide) early Wednesday morning ___65___ ( prevent) the lone animal from entering heavily populated areas. At 3 p. m., the elephant was caught and returned to the nature reserve. The animal appeared healthy and didn’t suffer from any ___66___(injure).
The pack of 15 wandering wild Asian elephants travelled about 500 kilometers north from their forest home. The male elephant separated ___67___ the pack on June 6, and moved around in the cities of Kunming, Anning and Yuxi, with an activity area of 140 square kilometers and a walking ___68___ (distant) of 190 kilometers. It had relied mainly on ___69___ was provided by the locals. The ___70___ (remain) 14 elephants have been moving southward recently but are still far from the reserve.
Asian elephants are under A-level state protection in China, where they are mostly found in Yunnan. Due ___71___ determined protection efforts in recent decades, the wild elephant population in the province ___72___ (grow) to about 300.
第四部分 写作（共两节，满分40分）
第一节（满分15分）
73．假定你是李华，外教Smith 邀请你本周日陪他去大明湖游玩，但你因故不能前往。请你写一封电子邮件，内容包括：1．感谢邀请;2．说明原因;3．另约时间。
注意：
1．写作词数应为80左右;
2．请按格式在相应位置作答。
Dear Smith,
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours
Li Hua
第二节（满分25分）
阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
There I was stuck AGAIN. This was the same feeling that overwhelms me every year. But this year it was different, because if I failed this exam I would not graduate. I sat there, panic stricken, unable to move. Pressure crushed in on me. What if I could not go to high school? Would Dad and Mum kick me out of their house?
I took two deep breaths and looked up. I could see the teacher pacing up and down. The classroom was dead silent except for the clock. Tick Tock. Tick Tock. I checked the clock for the third time. Ten minutes left! I clenched (握紧) and unclenched my fist in an attempt to calm myself. Think! I told myself. I knew I could do this. My hand couldn’t help trembling. Then I scribbled (胡乱写下) the first few words that hit me.
“It isn’t my fault...”
I stared blankly at those words. At the comer of my eye, I could see my teacher walking towards me. She was checking on our progress! Dread built up within me. Then, I glanced at the four words again. Without any warning, my hand moved to write.
Hair on my arms stood as the teacher leaned in and started to read my work. I peered over to see my teacher’s expression, praying that my work had not brought in disappointment. To my astonishment, she displayed a clear satisfaction! That was good, wasn’t it? I hurriedly looked down at my essay.
I skimmed it through. I felt proud. Now, there’s something I was still worried about. I checked the clock. Two minutes left! I was still writing!
I bit my lip, took a deep breath, and concentrated on writing. I heard the teacher leave.
“There’s one minute left. Please check your work.” the teacher reminded us.
注意：
1.所续写短文的词数应为150左右;
2.续写部分分为两段，每段的开头语已为你写好。
Paragraph 1:
“One minute left?” I exclaimed.
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Paragraph 2:
A week later, the teacher handed the papers back to us.
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
万州第二高中2022-2023学年高三上学期1月质量检测
英语试题 参考答案
1．C
【详解】W: Hello, Tony. Where were you last night?
M: I had to stay at home.
W: But you missed a really wonderful concert!
2．C
【原文】W: Peter, I bought this sun cream, but I think something is wrong.
M: Why do you think so?
W: It just feels and smells different.
3．D
【原文】W: Good morning. This is Susan Baker at Sunshine Computer Company. Is Michael Smith there?
M: Sorry, he is out for lunch. May I take a message?
Q: Where is Michael Smith most probably now?
4．C
【原文】M: Can I leave now, Mrs Smith?
W: Sure you can. But remember, if you don’t pay more attention to your work and less to sports, you won’t pass your exams.
5．C
【原文】W: I think we are lost. Should we ask someone for help?
M: No. I’ll just use the map on my smartphone.
W: Will your smartphone work here?
6．C 7．C 8．B
【原文】W: I’m calling about a suitcase. I lost it yesterday.
M: Well, let’s put the details into the computer.
W: OK, it’s small and it’s black.
M: Were there any items inside it?
W: Yes. I had office keys in there. My house keys were in my pocket. Um, there were a lot of documents. But the thing I’m really worried about — I mean, there is a camera I just bought.
M: It was yesterday. So that was on May the 13th.
W: Yes. I was heading to my home. I was very tired when I was in the airport. I think that’s why I just forgot about the case.
M: What kind of transport were you using?
W: I thought about getting the train, but that would have meant a bus journey as well, and I couldn’t be bothered so I decided to take a taxi at last. That’s where I must have left it.
M: Well, if someone handed it in, we’ll let you know.
W: Thanks.
9．C 10．C 11．A 12．B
【原文】W: I want the trees outside the church decorated with white balloons.
M: We can certainly arrange that. Would you like the chair covers to match?
W: No, I would like them also to be a mix of silver and gold to match my dress.
M: Brave choice. Usually we see white or cream. Moving on to the ceremony, we’ll have you and your partner here. Where do you want your flower girl? What’s her name?
W: Bethany. She’s quite young, so she had better sit down once she has finished her job.
M: And will it be your father who is walking with you?
W: Unfortunately, he passed away two years ago. It will be my uncle who gives me away.
M: I’m sorry for your loss. I’m sure he’ll be watching down on your big day.
W: That’s very kind of you to say so.
M: So after the ceremony, your guests will file out into the garden for photos and then into the hall for reception drinks. How many people will there be?
W: Two hundred during the ceremony and a hundred more for the evening section. Is the beer and wine included in the package?
M: No, we do have a number of options, or you can provide your own at no additional cost.
W: We’ll provide our own. Adam works for a drinks company.
M: Good to know. I might need to speak to him about supplies.
13．C 14．A
【原文】M: Garden Hotel. Can I help you?
W: My name is Vicky Clark. I saw your advertisement in the newspaper. Can you tell me about the job, please?
M: We need people working in the kitchen, washing up, and clearing tables. What jobs have you done before?
W: I’ve worked in a restaurant. But I’m a student, so I can only work on weekends.
M: That’s not a problem. Can you come here at 2:00 this afternoon to meet the manager?
W: I’m sorry. I have class from 2:00 to 3:00, but I can come afterwards at 3:30.
M: That’s fine.
15．B 16．A 17．C
【原文】W: Hello, this is Tina. I haven’t booked my flight to Washington DC yet, but I was wondering if you have any advice on how to best get to you from the airport?
M: Yes, well, if you’re flying, Reagan National is the closest. You can take the underground right from there. Dulles is further away and a taxi is probably the easiest. And then Baltimore-Washington Airport connects to a train that you can take right into the main train station in town.
W: OK, cool, I think Reagan should be the best. And do you pretty centrally lie in Washington DC? Like, next to all the sights and everything? My friend asked me to stay in her house, but I don’t think it would be very convenient.
M: Yep. We’re in the Dupont Circle area, pretty central to Washington DC. You can walk down to the White House. The underground is right around the corner.
W: Do you include breakfast?
M: Yes, madam, and we also offer dinner if you like.
W: OK. That sounds good. Thank you. I’m going to think about it and once I’ve got everything booked, I’ll give you a call.
M: OK. Have a good day.
18．C 19．A 20．C 21．C
【原文】
W: I’m Lee Minwoo from South Korea. When I was little I was very interested in English. I learned English at school. There was a good teacher who was not a native English speaker. He taught French and German, but he really spoke English quite well. It was funny because I was the only student in his class — it was really a private lesson. I had an excellent coursebook. I still keep a copy of it. The front cover was red with a lovely picture, and it was very modern. Learning English was quite easy for me because the teacher was so good and he helped a lot. Also, I’m quite good at learning languages. It was really enjoyable to have classes. I loved the sound of the words. I felt really proud when my spelling improved day by day and I could read a short story. In middle school, English was still my favorite subject. I even stayed in America for one year as an exchange student. I learned a lot there, not only English but different cultures.
22．A 23．A 24．C 25．C
【导语】这是一篇新闻报道。文章主要讲了极端天气和与此相关的灾难会越来越多，但是人类可以通过早期预警系统拯救更多的生命。
22．细节理解题。由第一段第一句“The number of weather-related disasters has increased by five times over the past 50 years, the latest report by the World Meteorological (气象) Organization (WMO) said on September. (世界气象组织(WMO)9月发布的最新报告称，过去50年来，与天气有关的灾害数量增加了五倍)”可知，与气候相关的灾难增多了。故选A项。
23．细节理解题。由第三段Petteri Taalas说的话“Weather, climate and water extremes are increasing and will become more frequent and severe in many parts of the world as a result of climate change,(由于气候变化，天气、气候和水的极端事件正在增加，并将在世界许多地区变得更加频繁和严重)”可知，将会有更多的极端天气。故选A项。
24．细节理解题。由最后一段“But behind the statistics lies a message of hope. Improved multi-hazard early warning systems have led to a significant reduction in deaths. (但在统计数据背后隐藏着希望的信息。改进的多灾种早期预警系统使得死亡人数显著减少)”可知，预警系统会拯救更多生命。故选C项。
25．推理判断题。由第三段“says WMO Secretary-General Petteri Taalas. (WMO 秘书长Petteri Taalas说)”和第五段结尾“Taalas said.(Taalas说)”可知，文章引用了世界气象组织官员的话，所以最可能出自电视或广播的专题节目，magazine有“(电视、广播)专题节目”的意思。故选C项。
26．C 27．C 28．B 29．D
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要以科学家史蒂夫·福里斯特为例，介绍了他们在南极洲数企鹅的工作，以及这项工作的意义。
26．推理判断题。根据第一段“Steve Forest is a scientist. He’s standing on an island off the coast of the Antarctic Peninsula. Below him are several hundred penguins and their children. Forrest’s job is to count every one of them. It's snowing. There is a big wind, too. And their children won’t stay still. Penguins are great climbers. So Forrest and the team members must be too. And penguins aren't always clean.(史蒂夫·福里斯特是一位科学家。他站在南极半岛海岸外的一个小岛上。在他的下面是几百只企鹅和它们的孩子。福雷斯特的工作是清点每一个。下雪了。也有大风。他们的孩子不会乖乖的。企鹅是攀岩高手。所以福雷斯特和队员们也必须是。企鹅并不总是干净的)”可推知，像Forrest这样的科学家需要头脑冷静。故选C。
27．细节理解题。根据第二段中“He's helping count the area’s penguins. This will help researchers better understand the Antarctic environment. (他在帮着数这个地区的企鹅。这将有助于研究人员更好地了解南极的环境)”可知，在南极数企鹅有助于了解南极环境。故选C。
28．词句猜测题。根据最后一段中“The more we learn, the more we know about krill and the ocean animals that depend on them.(我们了解得越多，就越了解磷虾和依赖它们生存的海洋动物)”可知，当我们了解了磷虾，我们就可以开始拯救这些磷虾了，故them指的是“磷虾”。故选B。
29．推理判断题。根据第二段中“The team member Noah Strycker adds, “We know climate change is hitting the Antarctic Peninsula harder than anywhere else in the world. We are following the situation closely.”(小组成员诺亚·斯特莱克补充说：“我们知道气候变化对南极半岛的影响比世界上其他任何地方都要严重。我们正在密切关注事态发展。”)”可推知，气候变化在南极半岛最为明显。故选D。
30．A 31．D 32．C 33．C
【分析】本文是一篇说明文。好奇心像一台发动机，让你在求知的路上突飞猛进、硕果累累。那么如何激发好奇心呢？请看科学家们怎么说吧。
30．细节理解题。根据第二段中的The curious individual is motivated to obtain the missing information to reduce the feeling of deprivation.可知，好奇的人会被激励去获取缺失的信息，从而减少被剥夺的感觉。由此可知，当人们意识到知识缺口时，就渴望弥补它。故选A。
31．推理判断题。根据第三段Scientist Daniel Willingham notes that teachers are often “so eager to get to the answer that we do not devote enough time to developing the question.” Yet it's the question that stimulates (刺激) curiosity; being told an answer stops curiosity before it can even get going.可知，科学家Daniel Willingham指出，老师们往往“太急于得到答案，以至于我们没有投入足够的时间来研究这个问题。” 然而，正是这个问题激发了人们的好奇心；被告知答案会在好奇心开始之前就停止了。由此可知，Daniel Willingham暗示学生对学校的厌恶，部分要归咎于教师。故选D。
32．细节理解题。根据第四段的In his 1994 paper, George Loewenstein noted that curiosity requires some basic knowledge. We're not curious about something we know absolutely nothing about.可知，George Loewenstein在他1994年的论文中指出，好奇心需要一些基本的知识。我们对自己一无所知的事物并不好奇。由此可知，只有当你有一些相关的信息时，你才会对某事产生好奇心。故选C。
33．主旨大意题。通读全文以及根据第一段中的But how does one generate (产生) curiosity, in oneself or others?(但是，一个人是如何激发自己或他人的好奇心的呢？)可知，本文讲述了好奇心是怎样产生的问题，针对此问题，最后三段对如何激发好奇心给出了科学的建议。由此可知本文主要谈论了怎样去激发好奇心。故选C。
34．A 35．B 36．C 37．D
【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲的是阿拉斯加育空河近年来面临鲑鱼严重短缺的问题，科学家们大多将这些问题归咎于气候变化。
34．细节理解题。根据第二段的“The die-offs also hurt native communities, which traditionally store the fish as a year-round food supply.(这些鱼类的死亡也对当地社区造成了伤害，当地传统上储存这些鱼类作为全年的食物供应。)”可知，当地人靠鲑鱼来作为食物供应。故选A。
35．细节理解题。根据第三段的“Last month, the U.S. Department of Commerce declared a disaster for Yukon River fishing for 2020 and 2021, making aid money available.(上个月，美国商务部宣布育空河渔业在2020年和2021年处于灾难状态，使得援助资金被获得。)”可知，灾难的声明带来了救援资金。故选B。
36．细节理解题。根据倒数第三段的“Climate change may also be affecting what the salmon are eating. Fishing experts say young salmon are likely filling up on nutrient-poor food because warmer waters drive away healthier organisms they normally feed on.(气候变化也可能影响鲑鱼的饮食。渔业专家说，年幼的鲑鱼可能会吃营养不良的食物，因为温暖的海水赶走了它们通常赖以为生的健康生物。)”可知，Yukon River的气候变化的影响是那里的鲑鱼缺乏营养食物。故选C。
37．推理判断题。根据最后一段的“But scientists still expect salmon to begin slowly moving to new areas within Alaska.(但科学家仍然预计鲑鱼会开始缓慢地迁移到阿拉斯加的新地区。)”可知，鲑鱼很可能为了生存而离开这条河流。故选D。
38．D 39．A 40．E 41．B 42．G
【导语】这是一篇说明文。本文讲述了对于选择旅游伙伴的一些建议。要选择兴趣相同且消费能力相近的伙伴一同旅游，这样可以在路上互相帮助。还要在旅游前与同伴进行充分讨论，这样可以减少旅行时与同伴的矛盾。
38．根据后文“For example, a travel partner can provide practical support and celebrate in the rewards of first-hand experience with unfamiliar locations and cultures.(例如，旅行伙伴可以提供实际支持，并庆祝亲身体验陌生地点和文化的收获)”可知，后文提到旅行伙伴可以对你提供实际支持，并在你不熟悉的地方帮助你，可见与同伴旅行有其好处。故D选项“但结伴旅行也有好处”符合语境，与前文“Traveling alone gives you the freedom to create your own schedule and do as you please.(独自旅行可以让你自由地制定自己的时间表，随心所欲)”所讲的独自旅行的好处形成转折关系，故选D。
39．根据后文“Traveling should be fun. When you are on a trip, you will want to do lots of activities that you enjoy. Preferably, your companion will want to do the same things as you.(旅行应该是有趣的。当你在旅行时，你会想要做很多你喜欢的活动。最好，你的伴侣会想做和你一样的事情)”可知，后文提到有共同兴趣的人才会想和你做同样的事情，所以本句是在建议要寻找有共同兴趣的人，故A选项“找一个有共同兴趣的人”符合语境，故选A。
40．根据后文“You don’t want to be planning an expensive getaway when your friend is looking for budget travel.(当你的朋友正在寻找穷游的时候，你肯定不想计划一次昂贵的旅行)”可知，后文提到朋友想穷游，你就不能计划昂贵的旅行，可见两人金钱观要一致，所以选择旅行伙伴时，要确保你们的金钱观相同，也就是消费能力相近。故E选项“确保你们在金钱问题上达成一致”符合语境，故选E。
41．根据上文“Have an honest conversation. If you are thinking about traveling with a companion, take some time to have an open discussion. Schedule a time to sit down and talk. Try saying, “I know we’ve talked about the idea of traveling through Europe together. Let’s have a coffee this week and actually talk that through.”(进行一次诚实的对话。如果你考虑结伴旅行，那就花点时间开诚布公地讨论一下。安排一个时间坐下来谈谈。试着说：“我知道我们已经讨论过一起去欧洲旅行的想法。这周我们一起喝杯咖啡，好好谈谈这个问题。”)”以及后文“You should also talk about your travel style.(你们还应该谈谈你们的旅行风格)”可知，本段中作者的建议花点时间开展一场讨论，故本句是在建议讨论的内容，故B选项“你们应该讨论一下旅行的目标”符合语境，故选B。
42．根据后文“Maybe it will rain on the day you planned to visit the Grand Canyon. Or you might not be able to get reservations at that French restaurant you’ve been dying to try. (也许你计划去大峡谷的那天会下雨。又或者，你一直想去的那家法国餐厅可能订不到位子)”可知，后文提到因为也许天公不作美，当你想去大峡谷旅行时却下雨了，表明无论你多么小心地计划你的旅行，都很可能会出错。故G选项“不管你把旅行计划得多么仔细，还是有可能出差错”符合语境，故选G。
43．B 44．A 45．B 46．C 47．D 48．A 49．B 50．C 51．A 52．D 53．C 54．D 55．A 56．B 57．C 58．D 59．A 60．C 61．D 62．B
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了Patti Wilson从小患有癫痫，但仍然坚持跑步，还筹集到足够的资金在全国各地开设了19个价值数百万美元的癫痫治疗中心的故事。
43．考查动词词义辨析。句意：爸爸，我真正想做的是每天和你一起跑步，但我怕我会癫痫发作。A. work工作；B. run跑步；C. stay停留；D. play玩耍。根据后文“let’s start running!”可知是一起跑步。故选B。
44．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：爸爸，我真正想做的是每天和你一起跑步，但我怕我会癫痫发作。A. afraid害怕的；B. sure当然的；C. curious好奇的；D. careful仔细的。根据后文“I’ll have a seizure”可知Patti害怕自己跑步时癫痫发作。故选A。
45．考查动词词义辨析。句意：她的父亲告诉她，“如果你这样做，我知道怎么处理，所以我们开始跑吧！”A. help帮助；B. handle处理；C. fix修理；D. ignore忽视。根据后文“it so let’s start running!”可知it指代癫痫发作，所以是父亲告诉Patti自己知道如何处理癫痫发作的情况。故选B。
46．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：对他们来说，这是一个美妙的经历，没有癫痫发作。A. private私人的；B. different不同的；C. wonderful极好的；D. essential必不可少的。根据后文“experience for them to share and there were no seizures at all”可知，这是一段美好的经历，故选C。
47．考查动词词义辨析。句意：爸爸，我真正想做的是打破世界女子长跑纪录。A. keep保持；B. destroy破坏；C. seize抓住；D. break打破。根据后文“the world’s long distance running record for women”指打破世界女子长跑纪录，应用break。故选D。
48．考查动词词义辨析。句意：她的父亲查阅了《吉尼斯世界纪录大全》，发现女性跑得最远的距离是80英里。A. checked检查，查阅；B. reviewed复习；C. afforded买得起；D. examined检查。根据后文“the Guiness Book of World Records”指父亲查阅《吉尼斯世界纪录大全》，故选A。
49．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：她的父亲查阅了《吉尼斯世界纪录大全》，发现女性跑得最远的距离是80英里。A. latest最新的；B. farthest最远的；C. slowest最慢的；D. newest最新的。根据后文“any woman had run was 80 miles”可知，女性跑得最远的距离是80英里。故选B。
50．考查动词词义辨析。句意：高中一年级时，帕蒂宣布：“我要从橘子郡跑到旧金山。”A. responded回答；B. invented发明；C. announced宣布；D. argued争论。根据后文“I’m going to run from Orange County up to San Francisco.”可知，帕蒂宣布自己我要从橘子郡跑到旧金山。故选C。
51．考查介词短语辨析。句意：考虑到她的残疾，帕蒂既雄心勃勃又充满热情，但她说，她把癫痫病人的残疾仅仅看作是一种不便。A. In view of鉴于，考虑到；B. In contrast with对比；C. On behalf of代表；D. In memory of纪念。结合后文“her handicap, Patti was as ambitious as she was enthusiastic”可知，考虑到她的残疾，帕蒂既雄心勃勃又充满热情，故选A。
52．考查动词短语辨析。句意：考虑到她的残疾，帕蒂既雄心勃勃又充满热情，但她说，她把癫痫病人的残疾仅仅看作是一种不便。A. stuck to坚持；B. took on采取；C. made up编造；D. looked at看着。根据后文“the handicap of being an epileptic as simply an inconvenience”可知指把癫痫病人的残疾仅仅看作是一种不便。故选D。
53．考查动词词义辨析。句意：她关注的不是她失去了什么，而是她还剩下什么。A. earned赚得；B. deserved值得；C. left离开，留下；D. desired渴望。根据上文“She focused not on what she had lost, but on what she had”可知，帕蒂关注的不是她失去了什么，而是她还剩下什么。故选C。
54．考查介词词义辨析。句意：二年级时，帕蒂的同学都很支持她。A. around在周围；B. over越过；C. about关于；D. behind在后面。根据后文“They built a giant poster”同学为她制作海报，可知都很支持她。get behind sb.“支持某人”。故选D。
55．考查动词词义辨析。句意：他们做了一张巨大的海报，上面写着：“快跑，帕蒂，快跑!”A. read阅读，写着；B. sounded听起来；C. engaged参与；D. felt感觉。结合上文“They built a giant poster that”指海报上写着字，应用read。故选A。
56．考查动词词义辨析。句意：她在波特兰完成了她的第二次马拉松比赛，与俄勒冈州州长一起完成了最后一英里。A. leaving离开；B. completing完成；C. attempting尝试；D. fighting战斗。结合上文“She finished her second marathon Portland”指帕蒂在波特兰完成了她的第二次马拉松比赛，与俄勒冈州州长一起完成了最后一英里。故选B。
57．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：帕蒂几乎连续四个月从西海岸跑到东海岸，终于抵达华盛顿。A. free自由的；B. frequent频繁的；C. continuous持续的；D. regular定期的。根据上文“After four months of almost”可知，帕蒂连续跑了四个月，从西海岸跑到东海岸。故选C。
58．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：她告诉媒体：“我想让人们知道，癫痫患者也是正常人。”A. tough艰难的；B. cautious谨慎的；C. typical典型的；D. normal正常的。根据上文“that epileptics are”可知，帕蒂想通过自己的行动证明癫痫患者也是正常人。故选D。
59．考查动词词义辨析。句意：不久前，我在一次研讨会上讲了这个故事。后来，一个大男人泪眼汪汪地走到我面前，伸出他的大手说：“马克，我叫吉姆·威尔逊。你说的是我的女儿，帕蒂。”A. extended扩大；B. took带走；C. felt感觉；D. withdrew撤退。根据后文“his big hand”可知，这个男人伸出了手。故选A。
60．考查名词词义辨析。句意：他告诉我，由于她不断的努力，已经筹集到足够的资金，在全国各地开设了19个价值数百万美元的癫痫治疗中心。A. pressure压力；B. failure失败；C. efforts努力；D. challenge挑战。根据后文“enough money had been”可知，由于她不断的努力终于筹到了钱。故选C。
61．考查动词词义辨析。句意：他告诉我，由于她不断的努力，已经筹集到足够的资金，在全国各地开设了19个价值数百万美元的癫痫治疗中心。A. spent花费；B. drawn画；C. lost失去；D. collected收集，筹集。根据上文“enough money had been”可知，帕蒂筹集到足够的资金，故选D。
62．考查名词词义辨析。句意：如果帕蒂•威尔逊可以用这么少的时间做这么多事情，那么你又能做些什么来让自己在完全健康的状态下表现得更好呢？A. wealth财富；B. wellness健康；C. honour荣誉；D. action行动。根据上文“If Patti Wilsons can do so much with so little, what can you do to outperform yourself in a state of total”可知，癫痫患者帕蒂•威尔逊虽然患病，但是仍然坚持跑步，筹集资金，与健康的人形成对比，故此处指的是正常人在完全健康的状态下表现得更好。故选B。
63．was sent 64．decision 65．to prevent 66．injury##injuries 67．from 68．distance 69．what 70．remaining 71．to 72．has grown
【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道。文章介绍了从西双版纳北迁出走的亚洲象中一头离群的公象被送回原栖息地的经过及相关信息。
63．考查动词语态。句意：本周三，一头离群的公象被送回了它位于西双版纳傣族自治州的森林中的家。分析句子结构，句子主语a male elephant与谓语动词send之间为被动关系，根据文章内容可知，这头公象被送回保护区了（发生在过去），故用一般过去时的被动式。故填was sent。
64．考查名词。句意：玉溪市负责监控象群迁徙的指挥部于周三早上做出了这一决定，以防止这只离群的动物进入人口稠密的地区。分析句子可知，空处作take的宾语，应填名词；decide的名词形式是decision，此处特指文中提到的决定，用单数形式。故填decision。
65．考查非谓语动词。句意：玉溪市负责监控象群迁徙的指挥部于周三早上做出了这一决定，以防止这只离群的动物进入人口稠密的地区。做出决定的目的是防止这头独象进入人口密集的地区，故此处用动词不定式，表目的。故填to prevent。
66．考查名词。句意：句意：这只动物（公象）看来很健康，也未受伤。空处作suffer from的宾语，应用名词形式；injury“伤”可作可数名词和不可数名词，当作可数名词时在any后常用复数形式。故填injury或injuries。
67．考查介词。句意：这只公象于6月6日脱离狼群，在昆明、安宁、玉溪等地活动，活动面积140平方公里，行走距离190公里。结合句意表达“与……分离”应用固定短语separate from。故填from。
68．考查名词。句意：这只公象于6月6日脱离狼群，在昆明、安宁、玉溪等地活动，活动面积140平方公里，行走距离190公里。形容词walking后接名词，walking distance“步行距离”，冠词a提示用其单数形式。故填distance。
69．考查宾语从句。句意：它主要依靠当地人提供的食物。空处引导宾语从句，从句缺少主语，且指代食物，应用连接代词what。故填what。
70．考查形容词。句意：剩下的14头大象最近一直在向南移动，但离保护区仍然很远。此处指“剩余的”14头大象，修饰名词用形容词，应将动词remain变为形容词remaining(剩下的)。故填remaining。
71．考查介词。句意：由于近几十年来坚定的保护努力，该省的野生大象数量已增至约300头。结合句意表达“由于”应用due to。故填to。
72．考查动词时态。句意：由于近几十年来坚定的保护努力，该省的野生大象数量已增至约300头。空处为句子谓语动词，结合语境和时间状语in recent decades判断为现在完成时，主语population是单数，助动词用has。故填has grown。
73．One possible version:
Dear Smith, Thank you for inviting me to go to Daming Lake with you this Sunday. However, I am afraid that I could not manage it, because there will be an important test next Monday. With tons of notes to go through, I can hardly squeeze any time for the trip this weekend. I wonder if it is possible that we reschedule it for another time.Will next Sunday suit you?Please let me know whether you are available. I hope this will not bring you too much inconvenience. Looking forward to your reply.
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生给外教Smith写一封电子邮件，告诉他因故本周日不能陪他去大明湖游玩。
【详解】1.词汇积累
害怕的：afraid→apprehensive
重要的：important → significant
考虑：wonder→take into account
希望：hope→ look forward
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：Thank you for inviting me to go to Daming Lake with you this Sunday.
拓展句：It is my appreciation that you are inviting me to go to Daming Lake with you this Sunday. .
【点睛】【高分句型1】However, I am afraid that I could not manage it, because there will be an important test next Monday.（运用了that引导的宾语从句和because引导的原因状语从句）
【高分句型2】I wonder if it is possible that we reschedule it for another time.（运用了if引导的宾语从句）
74．参考范文
One possible version:
“One minute left?” I exclaimed. Everybody looked at me weirdly. I looked down, feeling ashamed. But I had to finish the paper. I tried to ignore everything and continue writing. One more word, I said to myself, come on. Just like this, I forced myself to concentrate and willed my hand to scribble whatever that popped up on my mind. “Time’s up! Put your pens down. Please hand in your test paper to me in the front.” the teacher announced. I finished! I put down my pen, breathing a sigh of relief, and then I stood up and limped towards the teacher to hand it in-my legs felt like noodles, thanks to the extreme tension.
A week later, the teacher handed the papers back to us. It was the time for truth! I folded my paper and held it tightly in my hands, shilly-shallying about whether to check the result in front of my classmates. Finally I decided I should face my fate bravely and unfolded it. It was an “A”! I could not believe my eyes. How could it be? It was the first time in my life that I had got an “A”. I turned to look at my teacher. Our eyes met. She nodded and gave me a big smile! At that point, I made a firm resolution: I’d be more hard-working and more confident, so that I wouldn’t be stuck and panic like this again in high school.
【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了作者在考场上再一次感到非常焦虑恐慌，害怕自己不及格让父母失望，经过一系列心理斗争强迫让自己平静下来继续答卷的故事。
【详解】1.段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“还剩下一分钟吗？我喊道。”可知，第一段可描写临近交卷前作者的行为以及交卷后的心理状态。
②由第二段首句内容“一周后，老师把试卷还给了我们。”可知，本段应该写作者本次考试的结果以及之后的心理状态。
2.续写线索：羞愧提出疑问——继续完成答题——交卷后如释重负——试卷下发——勇敢面对成绩——成绩结果优秀——老师满意——下定决心
3.词汇激活
行为类
①集中精力：concentrate/focus
②胡乱写：scribble/scrawl
③犹豫不决：shilly-shally/hesitate
④下定决心：make a firm resolution/make up one’s mind
情绪类
①古怪地：weirdly/oddly/strangely
②勇敢地：bravely/courageously
【点睛】[高分句型1]. I folded my paper and held it tightly in my hands, shilly-shallying about whether to check the result in front of my classmates.（运用了现在分词作伴随状语）
[高分句型2]. I’d be more hard-working and more confident, so that I wouldn’t be stuck and panic like this again in high school.（运用了so that引导目的状语从句）
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