2022年12月北京普通高中学业水平合格性考试英语仿真模拟试卷C（含解析版+考试版+参考答案）

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2022年12月北京普通高中学业水平合格性考试英语仿真模拟试卷C(参考答案） 一、听力理解 （共25小题； 每小题1分， 共25分）略。二、完形填空 （共15小题；每小题1分，共15分）【答案】26．A    27．D    28．D    29．C    30．A   31．D    32．B    33．B    34．A    35．A    36．D    37．D    38．C    39．B    40．C【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。作者因为没有参加申请的全国IT竞赛而感到沮丧。爷爷鼓励作者，以积极的态度对待失败，最终会达到自己的目标。作者意识到我们应该与我们所爱的人分享我们生活中的挫折和进步，这会受益终生。26．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我虚弱而绝望地上了楼。A. weak弱的；B. strong强壮的；C. sweet甜的；D. simple简单的。根据上句“I was frustrated at not being entered into the national IT competition I’d applied for. (我申请参加的全国IT大赛没有被选中，这让我很沮丧)”因为没能参加比赛心情沮丧，所以是虚弱而绝望地上楼。故选A。27．考查名词词义辨析。句意：他非常激动地等着我的到来。A. suggestion建议；B. comment评论；C. discovery发现；D. arrival到达。根据上句“Grandpa’s door was open for me as usual. (爷爷的门像往常一样为我开着)”可知，指爷爷在那里，非常激动地等待着我的到来。故选D。28．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我静静地站着，强颜欢笑来掩饰我的悲伤。A. tear撕开；B. sigh叹息；C. signal发信号；D. smile微笑。根据后句“cover my sadness(掩盖我的悲伤)”可知，我强颜欢笑来掩饰我的悲伤。故选D。29．考查动词词义辨析。句意：他似乎立刻读懂了我，给了我一个拥抱。A. ignore忽视；B. inspect检查；C. read阅读，读懂；D. order命令。根据后句“giving me a 　_________　 (给了我一个拥抱)”可知，指爷爷似乎马上就看穿了我，给了我一个拥抱。故选C。30．考查名词词义辨析。句意见上题解析。A. hug拥抱；B. pride自豪；C. challenge挑战；D. wish愿望。根据上句“He seemed to ________ me immediately (他似乎立刻看穿了我)”爷爷看穿了我之后，给了我一个拥抱，以此来安慰我。故选A。31．考查动词词义辨析。句意：直到那时，我的情绪才开始流露出来。A. dying死；B. turning旋转；C. checking核对；D. pouring倾泻。根据上文“I stood silently, forcing a_______to cover my sadness.(我静静地站着，强颜欢笑来掩饰我的悲伤)”可知，直到那时我的情绪才开始流露出来。故选D。32．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我告诉他我所有的努力都白费了，我感到灰心丧气。A. offers提议；B. efforts努力；C. promises许诺；D. profits利润。根据上文“I was frustrated at not being entered into the national IT competition I’d applied for. (我申请参加的全国IT大赛没有被选中，这让我很沮丧)”此处指我告诉爷爷，参加比赛所有的努力都白费了，因此我感到灰心丧气。故选B。33．考查副词词义辨析。句意：爷爷温柔地对我笑着说：别担心。你比你想象的要强大得多。A. generally普遍地；B. gently温柔地；C. suddenly突然地；D. freshly精神饱满地。根据“Don’t worry. You’re far stronger than you think.( 别担心。你比你想象的要强大得多)”可知，爷爷温柔地笑着对我说这些话来鼓励我。故选B。34．考查动词词义辨析。句意：然后他补充道：生活充满了起起落落，所以我们需要做的是仍然有我们的希望和欲望，忽略容易让我们放弃的焦虑。A. added增加；B. shared分享；C. helped帮助；D. served服务。根据后文““Life can be full of ups and downs so what we need do is to still have our hopes and desires, ignoring the anxiety that makes it easy to give up. (生活充满了起起落落，所以我们需要做的是仍然有我们的希望和期望，忽略容易让我们放弃的焦虑)”可知，这些话是爷爷补充说的内容，故选A。35．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我坚信你有能力取得成功。A. convinced使确信；B. believed相信；C. expected期盼；D. changed改变。根据后文“that you have the ability to succeed (你有能力取得成功)”可知，爷爷坚信我有能力成功。故选A。36．考查动词词义辨析。句意：爷爷的鼓励很快使我的悲伤消失了。A. arise出现，上升；B. prevent 阻止；C. continue继续；D. disappear消失。根据“Grandpa’s encouragement(爷爷的鼓励)”可知，爷爷的鼓励很快使我伤心消失了，我有了信心。故选D。37．考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：第二天，我考虑了我所有的问题并制定了一个计划。A. turned into使变成；B. came across碰巧；C. cared about关心；D. worked out制定出，锻炼。根据上句“I thought about all my problems (我思考了所有的问题)”可知，我思考了所有的问题并制定了一个计划。故选D。38．考查副词词义辨析。句意：我最终会达到我的目标。A. merely仅仅；B. actually事实上；C. eventually最后；D. instantly立刻。根据“Now, I believe that with a positive attitude towards failure(现在，我相信用积极的态度对待失败)”可知，现在我相信，以积极的态度对待失败，我最终会达到我的目标。故选C。39．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：回顾过去，我意识到我们应该与我们所爱的人分享我们在生活中的挫折和进步。A. deserved值得的；B. beloved心爱的；C. determined坚决的；D. excited兴奋的。根据上文“Grandpa smiled at me _______　 and said, “Don’t worry. You’re far stronger than you think.” Then he 　　________　,“Life can be full of ups and downs so what we need do is to still have our hopes and desires, ignoring the anxiety that makes it easy to give up(爷爷温柔地对我笑着说：别担心。你比你想象的要强大得多。然后他补充道：生活充满了起起落落，所以我们需要做的是仍然有我们的希望和欲望，忽略容易让我们放弃的焦虑)”从和爷爷分享自己的挫折可知，我意识到我们应该与我们所爱的人分享我们生活中的挫折和进步。故选B。40．考查名词词义辨析。句意：家庭成员的支持将使我们永远受益。A. company公司；B. gratitude 感激；C. support支持；D. blame责备。根据后句“of our family members (我们的家庭成员)”可知，家人的支持使我们永远受益。故选C。三、阅读理解 （共两节，40分）【答案】41．A    42．C    43．D    44．B【导语】这是一篇说明文。主要讲述了怀旧的好处。41．细节理解题。根据第二段“Some psychologists warn that too much devotion to the so-called good old days is an escape from reality; it can indicate loneliness or that a person is having a difficult time coping in the present. Psychologist Stephanie Coontz argues that nostalgia distracts us from addressing the problems of modern life and contributes to anxiety, depression, insomnia etc.”（一些心理学家警告说，过于沉迷于所谓的美好过去是对现实的逃避；它可以表示孤独，或者一个人现在很难应对现状。心理学家Stephanie Coontz认为，怀旧会分散我们对现代生活问题的关注，并导致焦虑、抑郁、失眠等。）可知，一些心理学家认为怀旧会产生一些心理问题。故选A项。42．细节理解题。根据第三段“Recalling our childhood reminds us of “the times when we were accented and loved unconditionally,” says Krystine Batcho, a psychologist.”（心理学家Krystine Batcho说，回忆我们的童年会让我们想起“我们被无条件地爱的时候”。）可知，回忆童年并不会让我们获得关注。所以C项不是怀旧的好处，其余三项在第三段中都有提及。故选C项。43．推理判断题。根据最后一段“But at the same time, keep these words of wisdom from the great inventor Charles Kettering in mind as well, “You can’t have a better tomorrow if you are thinking about yesterday all the time. ””（但与此同时，也要记住伟大发明家查尔斯•凯特林的这句至理名言：“如果你一直想着昨天，就不会有更好的明天。”）可知，下文应该会讲述过度怀旧的不利方面。故选D项。44．推理判断题。根据第三段“But new studies suggest that a modest dose of nostalgia is not only harmless, but actually beneficial.”（但新的研究表明，适度的怀旧不仅是无害的，而且实际上是有益的。）以及全文从几个方面阐述了怀旧的好处，所以作者意在向大家说明怀旧的好处。故选B项。 【答案】45．B    46．A    47．D   48．C【分析】本文是说明文。主要介绍了美国劳动节的历史。45．细节理解题。根据第2段第2句“In many places, workers toiled for at least 12 hours a day six days a week in mines, factories, railroads, and mills.” (在许多地方，工人们在矿山、工厂、铁路和磨坊里每周工作六天，每天至少工作12个小时。)可知，工人们每天至少工作12个小时，每周工作六天。他们的工作日很长。故选B项。46．词义猜测题。根据第3段的“ In August 1893, James Kyle introduced federal legislation (立法) to make Labor Day a public holiday”(在1893年8月，詹姆斯•凯尔提出联邦立法，将劳动节定为公共假日）和下文“To quiet the strikers and their supporters, the Senate quickly passed the bill on June 22.(为了平息罢工者和他们的支持者，参议院在6月22日迅速通过了该法案)”可知，前文说8月份提出联邦立法，后文为了平息罢工，迅速通过了法案，but转折， 由此可推知，这项立法议案被搁置了10个月，划线部分与A项“推迟”意思相近。故选A项。47．细节理解题。根据第3段最后一句“ The bill passed the House four days later and President Grover Cleveland signed it into law on June 28, 1894.(该法案于四天后在众议院通过，并于1894年6月28日由格罗弗•克利夫兰总统签署成为法律。)”可知，美国总统Grover Cleveland在1894年6月28日签署了美国的劳动节法案。自此，Labor Day成为一个官方节日。故选D项。48．主旨大意题。根据最后一段“Many observers relax at home or head to outdoor recreational activities, such as boating, barbecues, and camping”(许多观察者在家里放松或前往户外娱乐活动，如划船、烧烤和露营。)以及“Parades are the most common model of celebration, which often feature processions of labor groups. ”(游行是最常见的庆祝方式，通常是劳工组织的游行。)可知，该段主要介绍了人们庆祝劳动节的各种方式。故选C项。 【答案】49．A    50．D    51．D   52．C【导语】本文是说明文。文章主要讲述科学家们正在研究将一些细菌和微型机器人结合起来的方法。49．主旨大意题。根据第二段“Electronics makers already use tiny robots to build complex but very tiny circuits. Medical scientists want to use these robots to repair patients’ damaged organs or to direct medicines to affect specific cells.”（电子产品制造商已经使用微型机器人来制造复杂但非常微小的电路。医疗科学家们想用这些机器人来修理病人们受损的器官或者直接药物影响特定细胞。）可知，这一段主要讲述了微型机器人在电子产品和医学方面的应用。故选A。50．推理判断题。根据第一段“Scientists want to use these creations to improve the way we give medical treatment. They claim that drug therapy (疗法), disease diagnosis, and even surgery could be greatly aided by the use of nanobiotechnology.”（科学家们想要利用这些发明来改善医疗治疗的方式。他们声称，纳米生物技术可以很大程度上帮助药物治疗，疾病诊断甚至是手术的效率。）可知，纳米生物技术可能会使手术的进程更快。故选D。51．细节理解题。根据第三段“Therefore, scientists want to use tiny organisms such as bacteria to act as vehicles for the robots.”（因此，科学家们希望利用细菌等微生物作为机器人的载体。）可知，机器人被细菌携带。故选D。52．推理判断题。根据第一段“Scientists want to use these creations to improve the way we give medical treatment. They claim that drug therapy (疗法), disease diagnosis, and even surgery could be greatly aided by the use of nanobiotechnology.”（科学家们想要利用这些发明来改善医疗治疗的方式。他们声称，纳米生物技术可以很大程度上帮助药物治疗，疾病诊断甚至是手术的效率。）可知，这篇文章在讲述有关科学家想利用纳米生物技术来改善医疗治疗的方式，所以应该在科学杂志上可以读到这篇文章。故选C。 【答案】53．C    54．D    55．C    56．A【导语】本文是一篇说明文。为了解决公众对邮资费率频繁上涨的抱怨，美国邮政服务(USPS)将推出永不贬值的“永久邮票”。【详解】53.细节理解题。根据第四段第一句“The new ‘forever stamp’ is the United States Postal Service’s(USPS)answer to the complaints about frequent rate increases.(新的“永久邮票”是美国邮政服务公司对有关费率频繁上涨的抱怨的回应)”可知，发行“永久邮票”的目的是应对大众对于邮资费率频繁上涨的抱怨。故选C项。54.词句猜测题。根据第三段最后一句“As the name implies, “forever stamps” will keep their first-class mailing value forever, even when the postage rate goes up.(顾名思义，“永久邮票”将永远保持其一类的邮寄价值，即使邮费率上升)”和倒数第二段的“ He adds that he’ll buy the stamps because he will be able to use them for a long period of time, not because they could make him rich—the volume printed will be too large for collectors.(他补充说，他会购买这些邮票是因为他可以使用它们很长一段时间，而不是因为它们能让他富有——印刷体积对收藏者来说太大了)”可知，这种邮票可以长期使用，由此可判断““It’s not your grandfather’s stamp,” says Mr Saunders. “It could be your great-grandchildren’s stamp.”(“这不是你祖父的邮票，”桑德斯先生说。“这可能是你曾孙辈的邮票。”)”表达的意思是永久邮票可以在几十年后被曾孙使用，故选D项。55.细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“No plans have been announced yet for the design of the stamps.(这些邮票的设计计划尚未宣布)”可知，这种邮票的设计方案仍旧没有公布。故选C项。56.推理判断题。根据第三段中的“As the name implies, ‘forever stamps’ will keep their first-class mailing value forever, even when the postage rate goes up.(顾名思义，“永远的邮票”将永远保持其一类的邮寄价值，即使邮费率上升)”可知，即使邮资费率上涨了，邮费也不会增加，那么使用永久邮票就不需要担心邮资费率的变化了。故选A项。第二节 (共4小题；每小题2分，共8分)【答案】57．They will call their mother.   58. It is always cool to be home alone.   59．It is always cool to be home alone — freedom you’d have around the house! There’s nobody to stop you from playing games or watching your favourite TV show. Because according to the passage, it sounds cool being home alone, and nobody stop you from playing games or watching TV, but you will feel freedom is unsafe when nobody is in charge of you.    60．If you have worries about being home alone, it’s really important to speak out about them, even though it may cost money to get a sitter or your parent has to rearrange his or her schedule.【导语】本文是一 篇议论文。以Jessi和她的弟弟Joey为例，阐述独自在家的利弊。57．考查细节理解。 They will call their mother.根据第二段的“Sometimes, both of them get locked out! Fotunately, they each have a cllphone so they can call their mum when that happens.( 有时候，他们俩都被锁在门外。幸运的是，他们都有一部手机，这样当这种情况发生时就可以打电话给妈妈。)”可知，当他们被锁在外面的时候，他们打电话给妈妈。故答案是They will call their mother。58．考查主旨大意。根据第四段内容“At first it sounds cool to be home alone, right? Think of the freedom you’d have around the house! There’s nobody to stop you from playing video games or watching your favourite TV show!(一开始，独自在家听起来很酷，想想你在家里会有怎样的自由！没有人能阻止你玩电子游戏或看你最喜欢的电视节目)”可知，本段主要讲述独自在家很酷，你可以看你喜欢的电视，没有人阻止你玩游戏等。故答案为It’s cool to be home alone。59．考查推理判断。根据第四段内容“At first it sounds cool to be home alone, right? Think of the freedom you’d have around the house! There’s nobody to stop you from playing video games or watching your favourite TV show!(一开始，独自在家听起来很酷，想想你在家里会有怎样的自由！没有人能阻止你玩电子游戏或看你最喜欢的电视节目)”和第五段的“Suddenly, your unsupervised (没人监管的) freedom doesn’t feel so safe anymore.(突然，你的没人监管的自由感觉不再那么安全了)”可知，独自在家听起来很酷，没有人能阻止你玩游戏或看电视，但当没有人来管理你时，你会觉得自由是不安全的。故答案为It is always cool to be home alone — freedom you’d have around the house! There’s nobody to stop you from playing games or watching your favourite TV show. Because according to the passage, it sounds cool being homealone, and nobody stop you from playing games or watching TV, but you will feel freedom is unsafe when nobody is in charge of you。60．考查推理判断。根据最后一段内容“If you have worries about being home alone, it’s really important to speak out about them, even though it may cost money to get a sitter or your parent has to rearrange his or her schedule.(如果你担心独自在家，谈论它们真的很重要，即使找个保姆可能会花钱或者你的父母不得不重新安排他或她的时间表。)”可知，如果你自己在家感到担心，你真的应该说出来，即使需要花钱找保姆或者父母需要重新安排他们的时间表。故答案为If you have worries about being home alone, it’s really important to speak out about them, even though it may cost money to get a sitter or your parent has to rearrange his or her schedule。四、书面表达 （共1小题，20分）【答案】Dear teachers and students,Welcome to the grand International Cultural Exchange Exhibition. And a special warm and sincere welcome to overseas students and teachers coming to our school.This exchange exhibition will last for one week, during which an opening ceremony is to be held to showcase Chinese culture. A grand music meeting is going to be given to foreign friends to experience the beauty of Chinese art. In addition to it, we have invited some literary experts at novels, poetry and dramas to give a relevant lecture in School Auditorium to promote the passion for Chinese literature. After that, visiting a gallery for literary and art works and taking a close look at live show will be a stimulating and inspiring experience to strike a chord with us.As a whole, this exhibition will be of great benefit to everyone and leave a deep impression on you.【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生就学校即将举办的国际文化交流展览活动的开幕式，写一份发言稿，致欢迎辞并介绍开幕式活动和意义。【详解】1.词汇积累诚挚的：sincere →genuine展示：showcase →present除……之外：in addition to →aside from促进，推动：promote →facilitate 2.句式拓展同义句转换原句：A grand music meeting is going to be given to foreign friends to experience the beauty of Chinese art.拓展句：One of the scheduled events is a grand music meeting to be given to foreign friends to experience the beauty of Chinese art.【点睛】【高分句型1】This exchange exhibition will last for one week, during which an opening ceremony is to be held to showcase Chinese culture.（运用了“介词+which”引导的非限制性定语从句，动词不定式作表语）【高分句型2】In addition to it, we have invited some literary experts at novels, poetry and dramas to give a relevant lecture in School Auditorium to promote the passion for Chinese literature. （运用了动词不定式作目的状语）