黑龙江省哈尔滨市第三中学校2022-2023学年高三上学期第一次验收考试英语试卷含答案

这是一份黑龙江省哈尔滨市第三中学校2022-2023学年高三上学期第一次验收考试英语试卷含答案，共31页。
黑龙江省哈尔滨市第三中学校2022-2023学年高三上学期第一次验收考试英语试卷

第一部分 阅读理解
Top Music Festivals in 2021
If you are an enthusiastic music lover, you shouldn't miss the following four top popular music festivals in 2021.
Coachella
By attendance, Coachella is one of the two biggest music festivals in California. It gets 125, 000 visitors a day over its two-weekend run. That's like the entire population of Ventura showing up in one place, every day. Selling out fast every year, the Indio desert becomes a fashionable place where the coolest bands are watched by trendy people and celebrities. Near the top of everyone's bucket list of festivals, Coachella is a constant source of annual expectation and a hotbed for musical discussion.
When & where: January 16-17 23-24, 2021; Indio
Ultra Music Festival
Seen as the ultimate gathering for electronic music fans across the nation and globe, the streets of Miami turn into a bold and bumping party with popular DJs playing what will be the sounds of summer. And you can drink some high-quality wine or watch a celebrity cooking show there. Unlike the other big festivals, Ultra Music Festival sells both one-day and three-day passes.
When & where: March 26-28, 2021; Miami
South By South West
South By South West SBSW is an annual showcase of music, films and interactive highlights enjoyed through performances, talks and more. Everyone in the world of music from fans to media flock here to discover the next big thing. But compared to Coachella, it's a real ghost town with only about 70, 000 people attending per day.
When & where: April 15-18, 2021; Austin
The Governors Ball Music Festival
Governors Ball, an exciting and infectious mix of rock, hip-hop, pop and folk, is created by music lovers for music lovers. It appeals to all five of your senses, with world-class music, comedy, amazing cuisine, good wine, and inspiring contemporary art. Whether you look to kick back and relax or dance to the beats, Governors Ball has what you want.
When & where: June 5-14, 2021; New York
1. Which music festival lasts the most days?
A. Coachella B. Ultra Music Festival
C. South By South West D. The Governors Ball Music Festival.
2. What is special about Ultra Music Festival?
A. It's held in a desert. B. It features electronic music.
C. It's a gathering of local DJs. D. It offers three-day passes only.
3. Which city could you go if you love both music and movies?
A. Indio. B. Miami. C. Austin. D. New York.

I wonder if I'm getting to be transparent. I can see waiters, but they can't see me. Ticket agents look right through me at the person next in line. I have the same feeling when I try to catch the attention of salesgirls, taxi drivers and my wife.
I'm substantial enough, maybe a little too substantial in places. And there's an undeniable air of authority about the way I stride(阔步行走) into a restaurant, pull my necktie into place and signal to the headwaiter. The headwaiter's glance sweeps my way, and then comes to rest on a section of flowered wallpaper directly behind me. He considers it for a moment, and looks away. Five minutes later I manage to catch his eye. He strides in my direction, takes a menu from the pile at my elbow and walks back across the room. Another 10 minutes passes, and our eyes meet head-on. His face lights up and he hurries toward me, saying to the couple right beside me, "This way, please. "
Maybe I could arouse interest by pulling off the tablecloth. Maybe the best plan is to get up and start out of the restaurant without paying—a trick which never fails to earn me the whole attention of every waiter in the place.
On the other hand, people have no trouble making me out when I don't want them to. I never can avoid a friend who has been having a little bad luck lately and who would like to borrow some money. I'll spot him half a block away, and cross the street to the other side. He crosses at the same time. I stop and stare at a store window until he has passed, but his eye encounters mine in the reflection of the glass. I lend him the money, but from that moment on he can't see me.
4. What can we learn about the author from paragraphs 2 and 3?
A. He cares about his appearance. B. He feels ignored by the waiter.
C. He usually flees without paying. D. He often puts on an air of humbleness.
5. In his opinion, the author can be seen when ________.
A. expected to offer help B. enjoying others' service
C. caught borrowing money D. suffering a little bad luck
6. What's the tone of the passage?
A. Serious. B. Humorous. C. Cautious. D. Anxious.
7. Which of the following is a suitable title for the passage?
A. I'm a Nobody B. There Is Nowhere to Hide
C. Am I a Reliable Friend? D. Has Anybody Seen Me Lately?

Chinese scientists have developed a fish-shaped light-actuated(光驱动的) swimming robot that can "eat" microplastics in water bodies and repair itself if damaged.
Microplastics, pieces of plastic smaller than 5 millimeters, are numerous and widely distributed in the ocean. They are easily eaten by marine organisms(海洋生物) and transmitted through the food chain, presenting a serious threat to human and ecosystem health.
Inspired by nacre, also known as mother of pearl, a strong, durable and flexible material obtained from hard shells. scientists from Sichuan University modeled nacre's graphene-based gradient nanostructure(石墨烯基梯度纳米结构) to create a durable, flexible and self-repairing nanocomposite(纳米复合材料), according to a study published in the journal Nano Letters.
The research team then used the new material to develop a 15-mm fish-like soft robot, enabling it to swim rapidly and absorb microplastics in water. "Soft robots need to have high adaptability and environmental tolerance when working in complex water environments, " said Wang Yuyan, the first author of the research paper, who added that existing traditional soft robots are generally made of rubber, which poorly performed in mechanical capacity, easily damaged and have difficulty integrating(整合) functions.
The study showed that compared with traditional uniformly dispersed(均匀分散的) material structures, the new material used in the fish-shaped soft robot has many supramolecular(超分子) interactions between layers, allowing the robot to recover its stability and functionality even when damaged and continue its microplastic harvesting operations.
The robotic fish can swim at a speed of 2. 67 times its body length per second, exceeding the speeds of previously reported soft swimmers and comparable to the speed of other small forms of plant and animal life that live in water.
At present, the soft robot can only achieve the function of directionally collecting microplastics from the water surface. All these functions need to be developed and improved before large-scale application.
The researchers are currently working on a new material that could detect microplastic underwater and share live data online, the paper said.
The new nanostructural design is expected to offer an effective extended path to other integrated robots and to be applied in many fields such as solar power generation, chemical reaction catalysis(催化), bio-medicine and aerospace.
Click www. Nanostructure. com. for more information, but members only.
8. How is the fifth paragraph developed?
A. By listing data. B. By giving examples.
C. By making comparison. D. By reasoning.
9. The fish-shaped light-actuated robot can swim at about ________ millimeters per second.
A. 5. B. 13. 5. C. 15. D. 40
10. Why hasn't the robot fish been put into large-scale application?
A. The materials are too rare to find. B. Its function needs to be perfected.
C. The nanostructure is not stable enough. D. The fish robot is rather easily damaged.
11. According to the passage, which of the following statements is TRUE?
A. The robot fish is used to detect microplastic underwater.
B. Microplastics indirectly have a bad effect on human beings.
C. The rubber-made robot fish is self-healing and has environmental tolerance.
D. The new nanostructural design has already been applied in solar power generation.

Crying is generally associated with negative emotions like being sad or frustrated, making this natural emotional state something that many people try to avoid. Yet a new study, which sought to better understand the physiological function of shedding tears, suggests that crying is actually kind of good for you. Specifically, it turns out that crying supports the regulation(调控) of breathing during a stressful event.
Sharman headed the research and said crying was previously thought to help humans deal with stressful situations, which led them to testing the idea. Researchers invited 197 undergraduate students to watch sad videos for 17 minutes. About half of them ended up crying. All of the students then participated in the Cold Pressor Stress Test. Researchers monitored their heart and respiration activity during this stress test.
Researchers were surprised when they found that those who cried were not better able to deal with the stress test than those who did not cry. However, they did come across an unexpected finding: evidence that participants who cried were better able to regulate their breathing.
"Firstly, crying doesn't seem to provide any change to stress hormones(激素) or our ability to deal with physical stress to a degree that might be meaningful if you hurt yourself. Secondly, what was our main finding, is that crying seems to assist in keeping our body stable and calm by slowing down and regulating our breathing and our heart rate, " Sharman told PsyPost.
However, there are some limitations to the findings. "We don't know if these reactions are typical in real-world settings where you might be crying because of sadness or loss, for example, or if there are differences if someone else is present with you when you cry, " Sharman said.
12. What does the underlined word "respiration" in Paragraph 2 mean?
A. Blood-pressure. B. Breathing.
C. Brain. D. Muscle.
13. Why did the researchers do the research?
A. To help people to avoid negative emotions.
B. To better understand breathing in stressful situations.
C. To prove an already existing thought about crying.
D. To find out whether people cry when watching sad videos.
14. What can we infer from the passage?
A. The undergraduate students are more likely to cry.
B. Crying is very helpful for us to deal with stress.
C. That crying helps regulate breathing was found accidentally.
D. Sharman is sure that the research findings agree with reality.
15. Where can you probably read the passage?
A. A biology textbook. B. A research report.
C. A travel brochure. D. A health magazine.


第二部分 七选五
Culture shock, which has five stages, refers to the cultural incompatibility(不相容性) of a person moving from his native cultural environment to a new one. Each stage can be ongoing or appear only at certain times. The first stage is called the "honeymoon stage", in which the new arrival may feel pleased, ____16____.
Afterwards, the second stage presents itself. There may be feelings of discontent, impatience, anger, sadness, and feeling incompetence. ____17____. The "rejection stage" can be dangerous because the visitor may develop unhealthy habits, such as smoking and drinking.
The third stage is characterized by gaining some understanding of the new culture. A new feeling of pleasure and sense of humor may be experienced. One may start to feel a certain psychological balance. The new arrival may start to have a feeling of direction. Things are still different, ____18____! This is called the "adjustment stage".
____19____. Now you feel quite comfortable in your new environment and realize that the culture has good and bad things to offer. You can deal with most problems. You get a relatively solid feeling of belonging. You start to define yourself and establish goals for living.
The fifth stage is the stage that is called the "re-entry shock". ____20____. One may find that things are no longer the same. For example, some of the newly acquired customs are not in use in the old culture.
These stages are present at different times and each person has their own way of reacting in the stages of culture shock. Keep an active attitude and you will definitely make it.
A. but you are now a survivor
B. The fourth stage can be called "at ease at last"
C. as everything he encounters is new and exciting
D. Follow these steps, and you will get over culture shock
E. This occurs when a return to the country of origin is made
F. when the new arrival may encounter some difficult times and crises in daily life
G. The period can be very difficult and led to the new arrival of rejecting the new culture.


第三部分 完形填空
It seems like just yesterday that I was driving my mom to the hairdresser's or out to go shopping. She would always sit in the passenger seat, examining her bag ____21____. For a long time, my mom carried a newspaper. The ____22____ was about a boy going to school. She always told me how she had gone to school with him, but I had no ____23____ of knowing for sure. My mom had Alzheimer's disease.
Something about this story ____24____ in her mind, so she put the newspaper in her bag. She frequently ____25____ the things in her bag to make sure it was still inside. She also looked for her ____26____, because my dad probably ____27____ her to make sure she could answer it.
It made me ____28____. I shouted at her and told her the more she ____29____ it and took everything out, the more likely she would be to ____30____ something. But none of that ____31____. She always had her ____32____
Finally, she stopped worrying about the bag ____33____. She put it down one day and never picked it up again. And she never woke up again. I found her bag lying on the kitchen table one day and it ____34____ me. I never thought I would be so sad to ____35____ this bag. It caused me so much ____36____ for so long, but there I was, crying at the sight of it.
This bag symbolizes a time when my mom was able to get into the ____37____ and go out with me. I wish I could go back in time to a day when my mom ____38____ the old bag in her arms. Whatever you are going through right now and whatever your ____39____ is, you are going to ____40____ the thing that drives you mad someday.
21. A. nervously B. shyly C. carelessly D. impatiently
22. A. result B. story C. experience D. cause
23. A. courage B. time C. goal D. way
24. A. caught B. departed C. stuck D. started
25. A. saved up B. went through C. packed up D. gave out
26. A. cellphone B. seat C. bag D. glasses
27. A. allowed B. promised C. reminded D. demanded
28. A. hopeless B. sorry C. bored D. crazy
29. A. opened B. washed C. removed D. kept
30. A. forget B. regret C. lose D. overlook
31. A. returned B. repeated C. disappeared D. worked
32. A. opinion B. worry C. secret D. wish
33. A. completely B. happily C. closely D. deeply
34. A. moved B. excited C. broke D. amazed
35. A. describe B. remember C. see D. accept
36. A. doubt B. harm C. fear D. displeasure
37. A. car B. bus C. ship D. plane
38. A. lifted B. held C. seized D. emptied
39. A. solution B. difficulty C. belief D. advantage
40. A. avoid B. forgive C. enjoy D. miss


第四部分 单项填空
41. It's hard for the victims to ________ the shadow of that terrible earthquake from their hearts.
A. bank on B. depend on C. hold out D. wipe out
42. ________ with the latest facilities, the room is now a perfect place for an opening ceremony or something like that.
A. Associated B. Employed C. Equipped D. Absorbed
43. Sometimes, we take ________ for granted ________ everything has to be perfect for us and we expect high quality products and service.
A. that; it B. what; that C. what; it D. it; that
44. China will allow all couples to have three children, ________, in my opinion, is helpful to cope with the increasingly aging society.
A. that B. which C. what D. who
45. Not Thomas, but his two sisters ________ to blame for the accident, ________ they fought to grab the wheel while he was driving.
A. are; once B. are; as C. is; since D. is; unless
46. So sudden ________ that Timothy fainted ________ he knew it.
A. was the news; for the moment B. the news was; for the moment
C. was the news; the moment D. the news was; the moment
47. —Oh. No! It ________ on end for a week!
—Well, the radio just said it would not stop until next Tuesday.
A. is raining B. had rained C. has been raining D. had been raining
48. The drug is said to have side effects and has been ________ from the market for further tests.
A. assessed B. rejected C. withdrawn D. attained
49. Wash your hands ________ with hot soapy water before handling any food.
A. thoroughly B. purely C. immensely D. permanently
50. Mr. Lin, without ________ we wouldn't have succeeded, deserves to be crowned as the VIP of our team.
A. what B. whom C. which D. whose
51. You have my word ________ I won the lottery one day, I would buy you a new car.
A. if B. that C. if that D. that if
52. When he first appeared on the stage, no one knew that he ________ famous in the future.
A. was to be B. will be C. was going to be D. was
53. Ladies and gentlemen, firstly I should say I feel it an honor ________ to deliver the speech in front of you.
A. being invited B. to be invited C. to have invited D. invited
54. Much to my anger, what Miss Lin said at the meeting was not ________ with what she had told me before.
A. consistent B. desperate C. irrelevant D. innocent
55. The music of Unforgettable Tonight started to play, ________ the end of the national party.
A. marking B. to mark C. marked D. being marked

第五部分 语法填空
Despite many laws and national parks protecting tigers, their habitats continue to be destroyed and they are still being hunted. ____56____(honest) speaking, tigers are among the most endangered species in the world nowadays. Altogether, there are no more than 5, 000 tigers ____57____(leave) in the wild. Some think that the tiger is already to the point of ____58____(extinct) in the wild. There are many reasons for this, like habitat loss and hunting.
Actually, over the last few decades, a number of steps ____59____(take) to help preserve the tiger. The Wildlife Conservation Society(WCS) was set up to protect wildlife and their habitats in ____60____ early 2000s. Today WCS is carrying out work in 53 nations across the world, protecting a great variety of species from butterflies to tigers. In 2010, WCS started Tigers Forever, ____61____ aim was to increase the number of tigers in the world ____62____ 50 percent in the next 10 years. ____63____(achieve) their goals, they are working together with not only governments ____64____ other organizations to protect tigers and other wild species.
Right now the tiger population is increasing steadily under this program in India and in Far East Russia. Thanks to the hard work of WCS, these large cats have a _____65_____(good) chance of survival in their natural environments than ever, not just in zoos.


第六部分 短文改错
To protect the environment, many people have found this necessary to make the switch from paper and plastic bags for reusable bags. And a report by Xinhua News Agency says that reusable bags selling in some supermarkets contain high levels of lead. Lead is metal which can be harmful to human being, especially to kids. Lead in the bags is not likely to pollute food. However, as time goes by, lead can come out as a result of repeatedly use. The bags with many pictures was found to contain many more lead than ordinary reusable bags without decoration. We demand that the government takes some measures right now.

第七部分 书面表达
假定你是李华，高考过后你打算利用暑假时间到英国去参加某中英高中生交流活动。请你写一封咨询信，询问相关事宜。
内容包括：
1. 对申请者的要求；
2. 课程安排；
3. 住宿条件；
4. 是否需要提前做相关准备。
注意：
1. 词数100左右；
2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
Dear Sir or Madam,
I'm Li Hua,
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours sincerely,
Li Hua






######################################################################


第一部分 阅读理解
【答案】1.D    2.B    3.C

【解析】这是一篇应用文，文章主要介绍了2021年的四场顶尖的音乐节。
1.细节理解题。根据四个音乐节的“When & where:...”部分可知，最后一个音乐节的持续时间“June 5-14, 2021(2021年6月5日至14日)”最长。故选D项。
2.细节理解题。根据Ultra Music Festival部分中“Seen as the ultimate gathering for electronic music fans across the nation and globe, the streets of Miami turn into a bold and bumping party with popular DJs playing what will be the sounds of summer.(作为全美乃至全球电子乐迷的终极聚会，迈阿密的街头变成了一个大胆而热闹的派对，受欢迎的DJ们播放着夏天的声音)”可知，Ultra音乐节的特殊之处在于它主打电子音乐。故选B项。
3.细节理解题。根据South By South West部分中“South By South West SBSW is an annual showcase of music, films and interactive highlights enjoyed through performances, talks and more.(South By South West SBSW是一年一度的音乐、电影和互动亮点的展示，通过表演、演讲等享受)”可知，如果你喜欢音乐和电影，可以去Austin 参加South By South West音乐节。故选C项。



【答案】4.B    5.A    6.B    7.D

【解析】这是一篇记叙文。主要讲的是作者被服务员忽视的经历，这让作者觉得有时候自己对他人来说是透明的，但是在有时候在自己不想的时候却被人看见。
4.推理判断题。根据第二段中“The headwaiter’s glance sweeps my way, and then comes to rest on a section of flowered wallpaper directly behind me. He considers it for a moment, and looks away.”（领班的目光扫过我这边，然后落在我身后的一幅花墙纸上。他想了一会儿，然后看向别处。）以及第三段中“Maybe I could arouse interest by pulling off the tablecloth. Maybe the best plan is to get up and start out of the restaurant without paying”（也许我可以把桌布扯下来引起大家的兴趣。也许最好的办法是不付钱就起身离开餐厅）故可推知，作者觉得自己被服务员忽视了。故选B项。
5.细节理解题。根据最后一段中“On the other hand, people have no trouble making me out when I don’t want them to. I never can avoid a friend who has been having a little bad luck lately and who would like to borrow some money.”（另一方面，当我不希望他们认出我的时候，他们会毫不费力地认出我。我总是躲不开一个朋友，他最近运气不太好，想向我借钱。）可知，在他看来，作者在被人期望给予帮助的时候就会被人看见。故选A项。
6.推理判断题。根据第二段中“I’m substantial enough, maybe a little too substantial in places. And there’s an undeniable air of authority about the way I stride into a restaurant, pull my necktie into place and signal to the headwaiter.”（我足够充实，也许有些地方太充实了。当我大步走进一家餐厅，系好领带，向领班示意的时候，有一种不可否认的权威气息。）以及他被服务员忽视的其它描述故可推知，作者写这篇文章的语气是幽默的。故选B项。
7.主旨大意题。根据文章大意以及第一段“I wonder if I’m getting to be transparent. I can see waiters, but they can’t see me. Ticket agents look right through me at the person next in line. I have the same feeling when I try to catch the attention of salesgirls, taxi drivers and my wife.”（我在想我是不是要变得透明了。我能看见服务员，但他们看不到我。售票员直接把我看向了排在我后面的人。当我试图吸引售货员、出租车司机和我妻子的注意时，我也有同样的感觉。）可知，本文主要讲的是作者被服务员忽视的经历，这让作者觉得有时候自己对他人来说是透明的，但是在有时候在自己不想的时候却被人看见，因此D项Has Anybody Seen Me Lately?（最近有人看见我吗？）点出了是否能被人看见这个主题，可作为文章标题。故选D项。



【答案】8.C    9.D    10.B    11.B

【解析】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了科学家推出仿生机器人鱼以清除海洋中的微塑料。
8.推理判断题。根据第五段“The study showed that compared with traditional uniformly dispersed(均匀分散的) material structures, the new material used in the fish-shaped soft robot has many supramolecular (超分子)interactions between layers, allowing the robot to recover its stability and functionality even when damaged and continue its microplastic harvesting operations.(研究表明，与传统的均匀分散的材料结构相比，鱼形软机器人所使用的新材料在层与层之间具有许多超分子相互作用，使得机器人即使在损坏时也能恢复其稳定性和功能，并继续其微塑料收集作业。)”可推断，本段是通过比较展开的。故选C。
9.细节理解题。根据第四段“The research team then used the new material to develop a 15-mm fish-like soft robot, enabling it to swim rapidly and absorb microplastics in water.(研究团队随后使用这种新材料开发了一个15毫米长的鱼状软机器人，使其能够快速游泳，并吸收水中的微塑料。)”和第六段“The robotic fish can swim at a speed of 2. 67 times its body length per second, exceeding the speeds of previously reported soft swimmers and comparable to the speed of other small forms of plant and animal life that live in water. (这种机器鱼的游泳速度是其体长的2. 67倍/秒，超过了之前报道的软性游泳者的速度，与生活在水中的其他小型动植物的速度相当。)”可知，15*2. 67=40.05，所以这个鱼形的光驱动机器人可以以大约每秒40毫米的速度游泳。故选D。
10.推理判断题。根据第七段“At present, the soft robot can only achieve the function of directionally collecting microplastics from the water surface. All these functions need to be developed and improved before large-scale application. (目前，该软机器人只能实现从水面定向采集微塑料的功能。在大规模应用之前，这些功能都需要开发和改进。)”可推断，这种机器鱼还没有大规模投入使用，是因为其功能有待完善。故选B。
11.细节理解题。根据第二段“They are easily eaten by marine organisms and transmitted through the food chain, presenting a serious threat to human and ecosystem health. (它们很容易被海洋生物吃掉，并通过食物链传播，对人类和生态系统健康构成严重威胁。)”可知，微塑料间接对人类产生不良影响。故选B。




【答案】12.B    13.C    14.C    15.D

【解析】本文为说明文。主要内容为：实验证明哭泣并不能帮助人类应对压力，但是在有压力的情况下，哭泣有助于调节呼吸。
12. 词义猜测题。根据第一段最后一句“Specifically, it turns out that crying may support the regulation of breathing during a stressful event.”（具体来说，事实证明哭泣可能支持在压力事件中呼吸的调节）和第三段最后一句“However, they did come across an unexpected finding: evidence that participants who cried were better able to regulate their breathing.”（然而，他们确实遇到了一个意想不到的发现:证据表明，哭泣的参与者更能调节自己的呼吸）以及第四段最后一句“Secondly, what was our main finding, is that crying seems to assist in keeping our body stable and calm by slowing down and regulating our breathing and our heart rate,” Sharman told PsyPost.”（其次，我们的主要发现是，哭泣似乎可以通过减缓和调节我们的呼吸和心率来帮助我们保持身体稳定和平静。”沙曼告诉PsyPost）可以看出，研究人员主要的发现为哭泣对呼吸的作用，因此可知，研究人员在压力测试中监测了心脏和呼吸活动。由此可知，划线词意为“呼吸”。故选B。
13. 细节理解题。根据第二段第一句“Sharman headed the research and said crying was previously thought to help humans deal with stressful situations, which led them to testing the idea.”（沙曼是这项研究的负责人。他说，此前人们认为哭泣可以帮助人类应对压力，因此他们对这一想法进行了验证）可知，之前人们认为哭泣有助于人类应对压力，这促使他们对这一想法进行了测试。故选C。
14. 推理判断题。根据第三段第二句“However, they did come across an unexpected finding: evidence that participants who cried were better able to regulate their breathing.”（然而，他们确实有了一个意想不到的发现:证据表明哭泣的参与者更能调节自己的呼吸）可知，这一研究结果属于实验中的意外发现。故选C。
15. 推理判断题。根据文章第一段“Crying is generally associated with negative emotions like being sad or frustrated, making this natural emotional state something that many people try to avoid. Yet a new study, which sought to better understand the physiological function of shedding tears, suggests that crying is actually kind of good for you.”（哭泣通常与悲伤或沮丧等负面情绪有关，这使得这种自然的情绪状态成为许多人试图避免的事情。然而，一项旨在更好地理解流泪的生理功能的新研究表明，哭泣实际上对你有好处）可知，本文向读者介绍了科研人员最新的与健康相关的研究发现，因此最有可能在“健康杂志”中读到该文。故选D。


第二部分 七选五

【答案】16.C    17.G    18.A    19.B    20.E

【解析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了文化冲击有许多阶段及各个阶段的特点。
16.根据前文“The first stage is called the “honeymoon stage”, in which the new arrival may feel pleased, ”（第一个阶段被称为“蜜月期”，在这个阶段中，新来的人可能会感到高兴）可知，接下来可以描述人们感到高兴的原因。C项“因为他所遇到的一切都是新的和令人兴奋的”，讲述了原因，符合题意，故选C。
17.根据前文“There may be feelings of discontent, impatience, anger, sadness, and feeling incompetence.”（可能会有不满、不耐烦、愤怒、悲伤和无能的感觉。）提到了新的文化带给新来者的感受。下文“The “rejection stage” can be dangerous because the visitor may develop unhealthy habits, such as smoking and drinking.”（“拒绝阶段”可能是危险的，因为参观者可能养成不健康的习惯，如吸烟和饮酒。）提到了“拒绝阶段”带给新来者的危机，因此空处可以描述新的文化的感受可能会让新来者产生抵制情感。G项“这个时期可能非常艰难，导致新的抵制新文化的到来。”符合题意，故选G。
18.根据前文“The new arrival may start to have a feeling of direction. Things are still different, ”（新来的可能会开始有方向感。事情还是不同的,）可知，新来的对新的文化开始有融入感，学会接受新的文化。因而空处承接前文，表示尽管事情仍旧不同，但你现在已经接受文化冲击。A项“但你现在是个幸存者”，承接前文，故选A。
19.根据前文“Culture shock, which has five stages,”（文化冲击有五个阶段）“The third stage is characterized by gaining some understanding of the new culture.”（第三阶段是拥有属性对新文化有所了解。）下文“The fifth stage is the stage that is called the “re-entry shock”. ”（第五个阶段是所谓的“重返的冲击”阶段。）提到了第三和第五个阶段，所以空处应讲述第四个阶段的特点。B项“第四个阶段叫做“终于放松了””，符合题意，故选B。
20.根据前文“The fifth stage is the stage that is called the “re-entry shock”. ”（第五个阶段是所谓的“重返的冲击”阶段。）下文“ One may find that things are no longer the same. For example, some of the newly acquired customs are not in use in the old culture.”（人们可能会发现一切都不再一样了。例如，一些新获得的习俗在旧文化中没有使用。）结合事例讲述了事情已发生了变化，新获得的习俗在原文化中没有使用。可知，空处应讲述“重返的冲击”发生的时间。E项“这发生在返会原籍国时。”符合题意，故选E。



第三部分 完形填空

【答案】
21.A    22.B    23.D    24.C    25.B    26.A    27.C    28.D    29.A    30.C    31.D    32.B    33.A    34.C    35.C    36.D    37.A    38.B    39.B    40.D

【解析】这是一篇记叙文。作者的母亲得了阿尔茨海默症，每次作者开车带她出去时，她都会频繁地检查包里有没有报纸和手机。这让作者很烦躁。但是后来母亲再也没有拿起这个包。有一天作者在厨房的桌子上看到了这个包，这让作者非常难过，希望能回到从前，回到母亲抱着那个旧包跟自己一起出门的时候。
21.考查副词词义辨析。句意：她总是坐在副驾驶座上，紧张地检查她的包。A.nervously紧张地；B.shyly害羞地；C.carelessly粗心地；D.impatiently不耐烦地。根据下文“She frequently __________ the things in her bag to make sure it was still inside.”(她经常仔细检查她包里的东西，以确保它还在里面。)可知，此处是指紧张地检查她的包。故选A。
22.考查名词词义辨析。句意：这个故事是关于一个男孩去上学的。A.result结果；B.story故事；C.experience经历；D.cause原因。根据下文“Something about this story”(关于这个故事)可知，此处是指这个故事是关于一个男孩去上学的。故选B。
23.考查名词词义辨析。句意：她总是告诉我她是如何和他一起上学的，但我无法确定。A.courage勇气；B.time时间；C.goal目标；D.way方法。根据下文“of knowing for sure”及“My mom had Alzheimers”(我妈妈有老年痴呆症)可知，此处have no way of doing sth.是指“无法确定做某事”。故选D。
24.考查动词词义辨析。句意：这个故事让她无法忘怀，所以她把报纸放在包里。A.caught抓住；B.departed离开；C.stuck粘住；D.started开始。根据下文“so she put the newspaper in her bag”可知，这个故事让她无法忘怀。stick with意为“紧跟某人”，是指这个故事紧跟着母亲，也就是这个故事让她无法忘怀。故选C。
25.考查动词短语辨析。句意：她经常仔细检查她包里的东西，以确保它还在里面。A.saved up储蓄；B.went through仔细检查；C.packed up打包；D.gave out分发，发出。根据下文“to make sure it was still inside”可知，此处是指她经常仔细检查她包里的东西。故选B。
26.考查名词词义辨析。句意：她也在找她的手机，因为我爸爸可能提醒过她一定要接电话。A.cellphone手机；B.seat座位；C.bag包；D.glasses眼镜。根据下文“make sure she could answer it”可知，此处是指她也在找她的手机。故选A。
27.考查动词词义辨析。句意：她也在找她的手机，因为我爸爸可能提醒过她一定要接电话。A.allowed允许；B.promised承诺；C.reminded提醒；D.demanded要求。根据下文“her to make sure she could answer it”可知，此处是指爸爸可能提醒过她一定要接电话。故选C。
28.考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我都快疯了。A.hopeless绝望的；B.sorry遗憾的；C.bored无聊的；D.crazy疯狂的。根据下文“I shouted at her”(我对她大吼大叫)和“drives you mad”(让你发疯)可知，此处是指“我”都快疯了。故选D。
29.考查动词词义辨析。句意：我对她大吼大叫，告诉她越打开包，把东西都拿出来，就越有可能丢东西。A.opened打开；B.washed清洗；C.removed移开，拿开；D.kept保持。根据下文“took everything out”可知，此处是指打开包。故选A。
30.考查动词词义辨析。句意：我对她大吼大叫，告诉她越打开包，把东西都拿出来，就越有可能丢东西。A.forget忘记；B.regret后悔；C.lose丢失；D.overlook忽略。根据前文“make sure it was still inside”可知，妈妈频繁检查包里的东西是为了确保没有丢失报纸和手机，所以此处是指越有可能丢东西。故选C。
31.考查动词词义辨析。句意：但这些都不起作用。A.returned返回；B.repeated重复；C.disappeared消失；D.worked起作用。根据转折词but可知，此处是指“我”说的话没有用。故选D。
32.考查名词词义辨析。句意：她总是忧心忡忡。Aopinion意见；B.worry担忧；C.secret秘密；D.wish愿望。根据下文“she stopped worrying”(她不再担心)可知，此处是指她总是忧心忡忡。故选B。
33.考查副词词义辨析。句意：最后，她完全不再担心这个包了。A.completely完全地；B.happily高兴地；C.closely亲近地；D.deeply深深地。根据下文“She put it down one day and never picked it up again.”(有一天她把它放下，再也没拿起来。)可知，此处是指她完全不再担心这个包了。故选A。
34.考查动词词义辨析。句意：有一天，我发现她的包躺在厨房的桌子上，它使我很难过。A.moved感动；B.excited使兴奋；C.broke使难过；D.amazed使……吃惊。根据下文“ I never thought I would be so sad ”及“there I was, crying at the sight of it”可知，我发现她的包躺在厨房的桌子上，它使我很难过。故选C。
35.考查动词词义辨析。句意：我从没想过我看到这个包会这么难过。A.describe描述；B.remember记得；C.see看见；D.accept接受。根据前文“I found her bag lying on the kitchen table one day”可知，此处是指看到这个包。故选C。
36.考查名词词义辨析。句意：它使我不快乐了好长一段时间，但我还是在那儿，一看到它就哭了。A.doubt怀疑；B.harm伤害；C.fear害怕；D.displeasure不愉快。根据前文“It made me ___________.”可知，它使“我”不快乐了好长一段时间。故选D。
37.考查名词词义辨析。句意：这个包象征着我妈妈能够上车和我一起出去的那个时候。A.car汽车；B.bus公交车；C.ship船；D.plane飞机。根据前文“It seems like just yesterday I was driving my mom to the hairdressers or out to go shopping.”(感觉就像昨天，我开车送妈妈去理发店或者出去购物。)可知，此处是指妈妈能够上车。故选A。
38.考查动词词义辨析。句意：我希望我能回到从前，回到妈妈抱着那个旧包的那一天。A.lifted举起；B.held抱住；C.seized抓住；占领；D.emptied把……弄空。根据前文“She put it down one day and never picked it up again.”可知，妈妈放下这个包后，再也没有拿起这个包。所以此处指妈妈一直以来都是抱着这个包。故选B。
39.考查名词词义辨析。句意：无论你现在正在经历什么，无论你有什么困难，你都会在某天想念让你发疯的事情。A.solution解决方案；B.difficulty困难；C.belief相信，信赖；D.advantage优势。根据下文“the thing that drives you mad”可知，此处是指无论你现在有什么困难。故选B。
40.考查动词词义辨析。句意：无论你现在正在经历什么，无论你有什么困难，你都会在某天想念让你发疯的事情。A.avoid避免；B.forgive原谅；C.enjoy享受；D.miss想念。根据前文“I wish I could go back in time to a day when my mom ___________ the old bag in her arms.”可知，此处是指想念让你发疯的事情。故选D。



第四部分 单项填空

41.【答案】D
【详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：对于灾民来说，很难从他们的心里抹去那场可怕地震的阴影。A. bank on指望；依赖； B. depend on取决于；依赖；依靠；C. hold out坚持；伸出；D. wipe out消灭，擦净。根据常识可知，受过地震灾害的人是很难抹去心理阴影的。故选D项。



42【答案】C
【详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：房间配备了最新的设施，现在是举行开幕式或类似活动的完美场所。A. Associated联系；B. Employed雇佣；C. Equipped装备；D. Absorbed吸收。根据后文“with the latest facilities”指房间配备了最新设施应用be equipped with，省略be动词，过去分词作状语。故选C。



43.【答案】D
【详解】考查固定搭配和宾语从句。句意：有时，我们想当然地认为一切都必须完美，我们期待高质量的产品和服务。短语take it for granted that+宾语从句（从句结构完整、不缺任何意义），意为“认为……理所当然”，第一个空处缺少it，需填it；第二个空处用that连接。故选D项。



44.【答案】B
【详解】考查定语从句。句意：中国将允许夫妻生三孩，在我看来，这项政策将有利于解决老龄化社会的问题。分析句子结构可知，设空处需填关系词，引导非限制性定语从句，并且在从句中充当主语。A. that不能引导非限制性定语从句；B. which可引导先行词为物或句子的非限制性定语从句；C. what不能引导定语从句；D. who可引导先行词为人的非限制性定语从句。该句先行词是China will allow all couples to have three children，是句子，所以应用which引导。故选B项。



45.【答案】B
【详解】考查主谓一致和原因状语从句。句意：不是Thomas而是他的姐姐们应该对车祸负责，因为她们在他开车时争抢方向盘。分析句子可知，not…but…意为“不是……而是………”，连接名词或代词作主语时，需遵循就近原则，因此第一个空处需使用be动词的复数形式are。第二个空处后句意完整，且该句是解释“姐姐们对车祸负责”的原因，因此可以使用as引导原因状语从句。故选B。



46.【答案】C
【详解】考查部分倒装和时间状语从句。句意：消息来得如此突然，Timothy一知道就昏过去了。“so+形容词/副词”位于句首会引起句子部分倒装，即助动词提前到主语的前面，因此第一空是was the news，由“Timothy fainted”和“he knew it”可知，句子表示“消息来得如此突然，Timothy一知道就昏过去了”，“一……就……”是the moment，引导时间状语从句，故选C。



47.【答案】C
【详解】考查时态。句意：——哦，不! 雨已经连续下了一个星期了!   ——嗯，收音机刚刚说要到下周二才会停。根据句意可知，下雨是从一周前开始下一直持续到现在，而且下到下周二。动作从过去开始，持续到现在，而且继续持续下去，应为现在完成进行时。故选C。


48.【答案】C
【详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：据说该药有副作用，已从市场上撤回，以作进一步测试。A. assessed评估，评价；B. rejected拒绝，不予考虑；C. withdrawn撤回，停止提供；D. attained得到，获得。根据“The drug is said to have side effects”及“for further tests”可知，药物有副作用，应是从市场撤回以作进一步测试，C项符合题意。故选C项。


49.【答案】A
【详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：在处理任何食物之前都要用热肥皂水彻底把手洗干净。A. thoroughly彻底地；B. purely完全地；C. immensely无限地；D. permanently永久地。结合语意，在处理食物之前，应该要彻底地把手洗干净，这样才卫生。故选A项。


50.【答案】B
【详解】考查关系代词。句意：林老师是我们团队的重要人物，没有他我们不可能成功。先行词为Mr. Lin，作定语从句中without的宾语，关系代词为whom。故选B项。


51.【答案】D
【详解】考查同位语从句和条件状语从句。句意：我向你保证，如果有一天我中了彩票，我会给你买一辆新车。分析句子结构________ I won the lottery one day, I would buy you a new car是同位语从句，解释前面的抽象名词word，从句不缺任何成分和任何含义，故选that，同位语从句中又包含一个if引导的条件状语从句，所以空格处填that if。故答案为D。



52.【答案】A
【详解】考查过去将来时。句意：当他第一次出现在舞台上时，没有人知道他将来会出名。提示词appeared表明动作发生在过去，所以排除B选项。结合in the future和句意可知，空格处是过去将来时，表示“没有人知道他将来会出名”，所以排除D选项。be to do表示“注定发生”，而be going to do强调计划性，此处表示注定要发生并未强调任何计划或打算，应用A选项was to be表示“过去将要……”。故选A。


53.【答案】B
【详解】考查不定式。句意：女士们，先生们，首先我要说的是，我感到很荣幸被邀请在你们面前演讲。feel it an honor to do sth.，意为“感到很荣幸做某事”，其中it是形式宾语，真正的宾语是不定式，I是被邀请，因此空格处用不定式的被动语态，即to be done形式，故选B。

54.【答案】A
【详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：令我非常生气的是，林小姐在会上说的话与她以前告诉我的话不一致。A. consistent一致的；B. desperate绝望的；C. irrelevant不相关的；D. innocent无辜的。分析句子，设空处应该使用形容词作表语。根据句意，此处表示“林小姐在会上说的话与她以前告诉我的话不一致”。故选A。

55.【答案】A
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：《难忘的今夜》的音乐响起，标志着全国联欢晚会的结束。句中started为谓语动词，设空处应该使用非谓语动词，此处表示伴随，the music与mark之间是主动关系。故使用现在分词作状语。故选A。





第五部分 语法填空


【答案】
56.Honestly    57.left    58.extinction    59.have been taken    60.the    61.whose    62.by    63.To achieve    64.but    65.better

【解析】这是一篇说明文。尽管有法律保护，也有自然公园，但老虎的栖息地还是不断被破坏，老虎依然遭到猎捕，老虎成了世界上最濒危物种之一。幸运的是，野生动物保护协会正在致力于保护它们。
56.考查副词。句意：老实说，老虎是当今世界上最濒危的物种之一。短语honestly speaking表示“老实说”。句首单词首字母要大写。故填Honestly。
57.考查非谓语动词。句意：野生老虎总数不超过5000只。分析句子结构可知，此处应填非谓语动词作后置定语，tigers和leave之间是逻辑上的被动关系，故用过去分词作定语，故填left。
58.考查名词。句意：一些人认为野生老虎已经到了灭绝的地步。作介词的宾语，应用名词extinction，不可数。故填extinction。
59.考查时态语态。句意：事实上，在过去的几十年里，人们采取了许多措施来保护老虎。根据上文over the last few decades可知应用现在完成时，steps和take之间是被动关系，应用现在完成时的被动语态，主语是复数，故填have been taken。
60.考查冠词。句意：野生动物保护协会（WCS）成立于21世纪初，旨在保护野生动物及其栖息地。短语in the early 2000s表示“在21世纪初”。故填the。
61.考查定语从句。句意：2010年，WCS启动了“永远的老虎”项目，其目标是在未来10年将世界上老虎的数量增加50%。非限制性定语从句修饰先行词Tigers Forever，从句中缺少定语，故用关系代词whose引导。故填whose。
62.考查介词。句意：2010年，WCS启动了“永远的老虎”项目，其目标是在未来10年将世界上老虎的数量增加50%。短语increase by表示“增加……”。故填by。
63.考查非谓语动词。句意：为了实现他们的目标，他们不仅与政府合作，还与其他组织合作，保护老虎和其他野生物种。分析句子结构可知achieve在句中应用非谓语动词形式，此处作目的状语应用不定式，句首单词首字母要大写。故填To achieve。
64.考查固定短语。句意：为了实现他们的目标，他们不仅与政府合作，还与其他组织合作，保护老虎和其他野生物种。句型not only…but (also)…表示“不仅……而且……”。故填but。
65.考查比较级。句意：多亏了WCS的辛勤工作，这些大型猫科动物在自然环境中比以往任何时候都有更好的生存机会，而不仅仅是在动物园里。根据后文than ever可知应用比较级。故填better。


第六部分 短文改错

【答案】1. this→it
2. for→to
3. And→But
4. selling→sold
5. metal前加a
6. being→beings
7. repeatedly→repeated
8. was→are
9. 第二个many→much或去掉第二个many
10. takes→take
【解析】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了可重复使用的袋子含铅量很高，对人类危害很大。
1.考查形式宾语。句意：为了保护环境，许多人发现有必要把纸袋和塑料袋换成可重复使用的袋子。分析句子结构可知，这里用it作形式宾语，真正的宾语为不定式短语。故将this改为it。
2. 考查固定短语。句意：为了保护环境，许多人发现有必要把纸袋和塑料袋换成可重复使用的袋子。switch from…to…从……到……转变。故将for改为to。
3. 考查连词。句意：但新华社的一篇报道称，一些超市出售的可重复使用的袋子含铅量很高。前后句之间为转折关系而非并列关系，所以用转折连词but，首字母大写。故将And改为But。
4. 考查非谓语动词。句意：但新华社的一篇报道称，一些超市出售的可重复使用的袋子含铅量很高。名词reusable bags与非谓语动词sell之间为被动关系，所以sell用过去分词作后置定语。故将selling改为sold。
5. 考查冠词。句意：铅是一种对人类有害的金属，尤其是对儿童。名词metal强调金属的种类的时候，是可数名词。这里为泛指，表示“一种……的金属”，metal以辅音音素开头，所以用不定冠词a。故将metal前加a。
6. 考查名词的数。句意：铅是一种对人类有害的金属，尤其是对儿童。human beings人类。故将being改为beings。
7. 考查形容词。句意：然而，随着时间的推移，铅会因为重复使用而出来。修饰名词use，前用形容词repeated作定语。故将repeatedly改为repeated。
8. 考查时态和主谓一致。句意：有很多图片的塑料袋比没有装饰的普通可重复使用的塑料袋含铅量要高得多。讲述客观事实。用一般现在时。主语为The bags，所以谓语动词用复数形式。故将was 改为are。
9. 考查副词。句意：有很多图片的塑料袋比没有装饰的普通可重复使用的塑料袋含铅量要高得多。much more +不可数名词，或去掉第二个many。故将第二个many改为much或去掉第二个many。
10. 考查虚拟语气。句意：我们要求政府立即采取一些措施。动词demand为“要求”之意，后接宾语从句，从句应用should +动词原形的虚拟语气，should可以省略。故将takes改为take。

第七部分 书面表达

【答案】  Thank you for reading my letter. I am very interested in the exchange program you offered. I am writing to obtain some more detailed information about it.
Firstly, I am just a graduate from an ordinary high school and I wonder what qualifications are required for applicant. Secondly, if admitted, what courses am I going to take, and do I need to buy any books ahead of time? In addition, would you be so kind to introduce to me the conditions of board and accommodations? By the way, if I need to make any other preparations, let me know, will you?
Thanks again for your time, and I’ m looking forward to your early reply.
【解析】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生对于高考过后打算利用暑假时间到英国去参加某中英高中生交流活动这一情况，写一封咨询信，询问相关事宜。
【详解】1.词汇积累
获得：obtain→ get
此外：In addition → what’s more
提前：ahead of time→ in advance
对……感兴趣：be interested in→ be keen on
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句句
原句：I am writing to obtain some more detailed information about it.
拓展句：I am writing to obtain some more detailed information about it, from which I can better know about the program.
【点睛】【高分句型1】Firstly, I am just a graduate from an ordinary high school and I wonder what qualifications are required for applicant.(运用了what引导的宾语从句)
【高分句型2】By the way, if I need to make any other preparations, let me know, will you?(运用了if引导的条件状语从句)