(通用版)高考英语二轮复习语法专题：非谓语动词（简单）(2份打包，解析版+原卷版)

这是一份(通用版)高考英语二轮复习语法专题：非谓语动词（简单）(2份打包，解析版+原卷版)，文件包含通用版高考英语二轮复习语法专题非谓语动词简单解析版doc、通用版高考英语二轮复习语法专题非谓语动词简单原卷版doc等2份试卷配套教学资源，其中试卷共21页， 欢迎下载使用。

近几年对于非谓语动词的句法功能考查越来越多，尤其是语篇填空和改错题型考查较多，甚至在完形填空的选项中也多有涉及。首先需要考生了解非谓语动词的基本形式及其时态和语态的变化形式；其次，需要考生牢固掌握非谓语动词的语法功能和非谓语动词题目的解题思路，并能在具体的语境中正确运用。
【命题趋势】
1. 近年来对非谓语动词的考查较多的关注与语境的结合，尽管出发点还是仍是非谓语动词的基本用法，这种考查形式是在理解语境和句意的基础上设置的。
2. 今后非谓语动词的考查依然占有较高的比重，尤其是非谓语动词做定语和状语的用法，同时试题设置将会继续结合语境，难度适中。
3. 高考对该语法现象的渗透日趋明显和突出，所牵扯到的焦点问题主要有：现在分词和过去分词基础知识；现在分词和过去分词句法功能；现在分词和过去分词用法的区别和辨析；现在分词和过去分词的时态和语态及其构成；现在分词和过去分词在上下文中的联系和纽带作用等。
4. 动词不定式的考查主要集中在一些固定搭配、固定句型和在句子中的句法功能；对于动名词主要考查在一些动词后作宾语的用法等。
【名师指导】
非谓语动词主要包括不定式、动名词和分词。非谓语动词一直是高考中的热点。对非谓语动词类考题，解题时首先要通过句子结构判断出是否是非谓语动词，找准相关动词的逻辑主语，再通过分析句子成分判断应使用哪种非谓语动词。
例如：作主语、宾语用动名词或动词不定式；作状语常用分词：目的状语常用动词不定式，伴随状语则常用现在分词等。
确定为非谓语动词后，再观察非谓语动词与被修饰词之间的主动、被动关系以及动作发生的时间，由此判断出正确的时态、语态形式。
非谓语动词与被修饰词之间是主动关系，常用现在分词、动词不定式或动名词的一般式；是被动关系，则用过去分词、­ing形式或动词不定式的被动式；如果非谓语的动作比谓语先（或先很久）发生，那么非谓语动词要用完成式（t have dne/t have been dne/ having dne/ Having been dne），否则我们要用非谓语的一般式（t d / t be dne / ding / being dne / dne）。
一、非谓语动词作主语
1. It作形式主语，不定式为真正主语
2. It作形式主语，动名词为真正主语
二、非谓语动词作宾语
1. v. + t d
2. v. + ding
3. 合成谓语 + t d
be + 判断类、趋向类、能愿类adj. + t d
4. 合成谓语 + ding
5. 含介词t的短语 + ding
6. v. + t d & v. + ding 意义区别不大的动词
7. v. + t d & v. + ding 意义不同的动词
8. “需要”类动词的用法
三、非谓语动词作表语
1. She is t get married next week.
I’m t see yu ff at the airprt tmrrw.
Yu’re t stand here.
2. My jb is teaching English. His main interest is fishing.
3. The news is disappinting. The children were disappinted.
四、非谓语动词作定语
1. This is the schl t be built next year.
The train t arrive is frm Qingda.
I have a lt f wrk t d.
I’ll g t the supermarket. D yu have anything t be bught?
He is always the first ne t cme and the last t leave.
There is nthing t wrry abut.
There’s still much t d.
2. waiting rm = a rm fr waiting
swimming pl walking stick living rm sitting rm
3. develping cuntry / develped cuntry
falling leaves / fallen leaves biling water / biled water
五、非谓语动词作状语
1. T imprve ur English, we cme here.
They went t the railway statin, nly t be tld that the train had left.
I’m s glad t see yu.
2. Hearing the news, he culdn’t help laughing.（时间/原因）
Given enugh time, I can d it better. （条件）
Being ill, he didn’t g t schl. （原因）
The glass fell t the grund, breaking int pieces. (结果)
Our teacher came in, fllwed by many students (伴随)
3. spend…ding…
have difficulty ding…
have truble ding…
have fun ding…
have a gd time ding…
have a hard time ding…
六、非谓语动词作补足语
1. v. + sb. + t d
2. v. + sb. + d
3. I fund my car missing.
I will have my watch repaired.
4. have sth. dne = get sth. dne
have sb. d = get sb. t d
have. sb. ding = keep sb. ding
【走向高考】
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
(2016·浙江卷)T return t the prblem f water pllutin, I'd like yu t lk at a study ________ (cnduct) in Australia in 2012.
2．(2016·全国卷Ⅰ)My ambassadrial duties will include ________ (intrduce) British visitrs t the 120－plus pandas at Chengdu and thers at a research centre in the misty muntains f Bifengxia.
3．(2016·全国卷Ⅲ)Peple prbably cked their fd in large pts, ________ (use) twigs(树枝) t remve it.
4．(2016·北京卷)________ (make) it easier t get in tuch with us, yu'd better keep this card at hand.
5．(2016·北京卷)________ (rder) ver a week ag, the bks are expected t arrive any time nw.
6．(2015·全国卷Ⅱ)When a new day breaks, the walls have given up their heat and are nw cld enugh ________ (cl) the huse during the ht day.
7．(2014·全国卷Ⅱ)I heard a passenger behind me shuting t the driver, but he refused ________ (stp) until we reached the next stp.
8．(2014·全国卷Ⅱ)Still, the by kept ________ (ride). He was carrying smething ver his shulder and shuting.
9．(2017·陕西西安一中二模·改编)With a lt f difficult prblems ________ (settle), the manager felt like a cat n ht bricks.
10．(2017·陕西西安二模·改编)________ (judge) frm his accent, he is frm the suth f China.
11．(2017·四川成都七中诊断·改编)T his surprise, Jack fund his sn ________ (dress) as Santa Claus n Christmas Eve.
12．(2017·湖南益阳箴言中学模拟·改编)Nervus and anxius, Jill failed ________ (make) a gd impressin at the jb interview.
13．(2016·四川卷)Fr 25 days, she never left her baby, nt even t find smething ________ (eat)!
14．(2015·全国卷Ⅰ)Abercrmbie & Kent, a travel cmpany in Hng Kng, says it regularly arranges quick getaways here fr peple ________ (live) in Shanghai and Hng Kng.
15．(2015·全国卷Ⅰ)A study f travelers ________ (cnduct) by the website TripAdvisr names Yangshu as ne f the tp 10 destinatins in the wrld.
16. (2018·北京) _________ (travel) alng the ld Silk Rad is an interesting and rewarding experience
17. (2018·北京) During the Mid-Autumn Festival, family members ften gather tgether _________ (share) a meal, admire the mn and enjy mn cakes.
18. (2018·北京) Ordinary sap, _________(use) crrectly, can deal with bacteria effectively.
19. ( 2018·天津) I didn't mean ___________(eat) anything but the ice cream lked s gd that I culdn’t help_______( try) it.
20. ( 2018·天津 ) I need a new passprt s I will have t have my phtgraphs___________(take). 21. (2018·江苏)Arund 13,500 new jbs were created during the perid,_______(exceed) the expected number f 12,000 held by market analysts.
22. (2018·新课标I卷)Yu dn’t have t run fast r fr lng (see) the benefit.
23. (2018·新课标I卷)Yu may drink, smke, be verweight and still reduce yur risk f (die) early by running.
24. (2018··新课标III卷) Once his message was delivered, he allwed me ________ (stay)and watch.
Ⅱ.单句语法改错
1．(2016·全国卷Ⅲ)I shwed them I was independent by wear strange clthes.________
2．(2015·陕西卷)My favrite picture at the party is f my cach and me enjy the biscuits with happy laughter！________
3．(2017·湖北八校联考)With my eyes filling with tears, I came int Mr Li's ffice.________
4．(2017·浙江重点中学协作体联考)But nw we ften discuss and try t slve the prblems raising by the teachers r urselves.________
5．(2017·江西红色六校联考)The ability express ne's idea smehw decides hw far ne can get alng in ne's cllege.________
6．(2017·黑龙江大庆铁人中学月考)The ffice f the Students' Unin will cntact the chsing candidates fr an interview in a few days.________
7．Fr the whle afternn they sang and danced happily withut think abut their schlwrk.________
8．Having smething t d n the train, I culdn't help think abut the scene f leaving and felt terribly srry.________
9．(2014·广东卷)We gt a little ________ (sunburn), but the day had been s relaxing that we didn't mind.________
10．(2013·四川卷)After think fr sme time, I let her cpy my answers.________
11. (2018·新课标I卷)My grandpa said last summer they earned quite a lt by sell the fish. ________
12. (2018·新课标II卷)As the kid, I lved t watch cartns, but n matter hw many times I asked t watching them, my parents wuld nt t let me.________
13. (2018·新课标III卷) Everyne was silent, wait t see wh wuld be called upn t read his and her paragraph alud.________
14. (2018·江西省临川一中2018届高三模拟考)Despite a famus scientist, Lu lives a simply and humble life, using brken furniture dated back t the 1980s in his hme.________
15. (2018·湖北省襄阳四中2018届高三5月第四次模拟)As I practiced skating, he always created a relaxed atmsphere and put frward sme specific advice.________
16. (2018·河南省郑州市2018届高三下学期第三次模拟)What impressed me mst was an activity calling “Learning t Farm”.________
不定式
动名词
分词
现在分词
过去分词
一般式
主动式
t d
ding
ding
dne
被动式
t be dne
being dne
being dne
/
进行式
主动式
t be ding
/
/
/
被动式
/
/
/
/
完成式
主动式
t have dne
having dne
having dne
/
被动式
t have been dne
having been dne
having been dne
/
It takes/tk sb. st. t d sth. It’s + adj. + t d sth.
It’s + adj. + fr sb. + t d sth. It’s + adj. + f sb. + t d sth.
It’s n use ding sth. It’s n gd ding sth.
It’s n pleasure ding sth. It’s wrthwhile ding sth.
It’s useless ding sth. It’s a waste f time ding sth.
decide determine learn want wuld like wish expect
refuse manage pretend demand prmise chse plan
ask beg ffer intend fail affrd lng seem happen
prepare hesitate desire hpe agree prve attempt
enjy cnsider escape avid risk deny appreciate miss
permit allw include admit mind imagine fancy stand
delay finish suggest mentin practice excuse keep resist
frgive cmplete
be sure/certain t d be likely t d be ready t d
be able/unable t d be willing /unwilling t d
be busy ding be wrth ding
be/get used t be/get accustmed t get dwn t
lk frward t bject t … refer t
pay attentin t stick t lead t be ppsed t
give ne’s life t devte neself t be devted t
be limited t be equal t apply t cntribute t
start begin cntinue like lve dislike hate prefer
frget / remember / frget + t d 未发生的动作
frget / remember / frget + ding 已发生的动作
g n t d 接着做另一件事 g n ding 继续做同一件事
stp t d 停下来去做另一件事 stp ding 停止做某事
mean t d 打算做 mean ding 意味着
try t d 尽力做 try ding 尝试做
want / need / require + ding(表被动)
= want / need / require + t be dne
interesting/interested exciting/excited cnfusing/cnfused
frightening/frightened surprising/surprised tiring/tired
bring/bred mving/mved puzzling/puzzled
t d意料之外结果 ding意料之中，自然而然
ask want advise allw encurage frce frbid
rder permit persuade request require tell warn
urge expect cnsider invite teach remind send
口诀：宾补省t十一个
五看二听一感觉 lk at / see / watch / ntice / bserve
一个帮助两均可 listen t / hear
三个使役紧跟着 feel / help
如若主动变被动 let / make / let
该t一定要带着