(新高考)高考英语一轮复习讲义 教材知识解读 选择性必修第4册　Unit 4　Sharing (含答案)

这是一份(新高考)高考英语一轮复习讲义 教材知识解读 选择性必修第4册　Unit 4　Sharing (含答案)，共11页。




教材词汇要记牢
Ⅰ.阅读单词——我会认
1．weed n．杂草；野草vt.& vi.除杂草
2．clay n．黏土；陶土
3．bubble vi.起泡；沸腾
4．jaw n．颌；下巴
5．circus n．马戏团
6．hut n．简陋的小房子(或棚、舍)
7．fireplace n．壁炉
8．saucer n．茶碟；杯托
9．kettle n．(烧水用的)壶；水壶
10．pan n．平底锅；烤盘
11．jar n．罐子；坛子
12．grill n．烤架；烤肉餐馆
13．doorway n．门口；出入口；门道
14．leftover adj.吃剩的；残留的n.吃剩的食物；遗留物
15．handshake n．握手
16．chorus n．合唱曲；合唱团vt.合唱；齐声说
17．plug vt.封堵；补足n.堵塞物；插头；插座
18．tablet n．平板电脑；便笺本；药片
19．contract vt.感染(疾病)；与……订立合同(或契约)n.合同；契约
20．grant vt.同意；准许n.拨款
21．jam n．果酱；堵塞
22．tube n．管子；管状物
23．washroom n．洗手间；厕所
24．tune n．曲调；曲子vt.调音；调节；调频道
25．relay vt.转发；转播n.接力赛；接班的人
26．cardiac adj.心脏病的；心脏的
27．circuit n．巡回；环形线路
28．hypothetical adj.假设的；假定的
29．Papua New Guinea 巴布亚新几内亚(国家名)
30．Ghana 加纳(国家名)
31．Congo 刚果(国家名)
32．Panama 巴拿马(国家名)
Ⅱ.重点单词——我会写
1．parcel n．包裹vt.裹好；打包
2．mail n．邮件；信件；邮政vt.邮寄；发电邮给
3．secondary adj.中学的；次要的
4．privilege n．优惠待遇；特权
5．cotton n．棉布；棉花
6．uniform n．校服；制服adj.一致的；统一的
7．lately adv.最近；不久前；近来
8．shade vt.给……遮挡(光线)；加灯罩；把……涂暗n.阴凉处；灯罩；阴影部分
9．rigid adj.死板的；固执的
10．wrinkle vt.& vi.(使脸上)起皱纹；皱起 n．皱纹
11．forehead n．额；前额
12．housing n．住房；住宅
13．platform n．平台；站台；舞台
14．drag vt.拖；拽 vt.& vi.缓慢而费力地移动
15．resign vi.& vt.辞职；辞去
16．input n．情况；信息；投入；输入 vt.输入
17．criterion n．(pl.criteria)标准；准则；原则
18．pray vi.& vt.企盼；祈祷
Ⅲ.拓展单词——我会变
1．dust n．沙土；灰尘vi.& vt.擦灰→dusty adj.布满灰尘的
2．rubber n．橡皮；黑板擦；橡胶→rub vt.& vi.擦；摩擦；揉；搓
3．chemist n．化学家；药剂师；药房→chemistry n．化学→chemical adj.化学的
4．ripe adj.成熟的；时机成熟的→ripen vt.& vi.(使)成熟
5．disabled adj.有残疾的；丧失能力的→disability n．缺陷；障碍→disable vt.使(某人)残废；使……无能
6．deserve vt.值得；应得；应受→deserving adj.值得的；应得的
7．consultation n．咨询；咨询会→consult vt.咨询；请教→consultant n．顾问
8．stability n．稳定(性)；稳固(性)→stable adj.稳定的；牢固的→unstable adj.不稳定的
Ⅳ.核心短语
1．a chorus of 齐声；异口同声
2．not to mention 更不用说；且不说
3．take for granted 认为……是理所当然；对……不予重视
4．relay to 转达给……；转发给……
5．pray that 但愿
高频词汇来助力
1．promote vt.促进；提升
2．punctual adj.准时的；守时的
3．queue n．& vi.队列；排队
4．rainfall n．降雨；降雨量
5．reasonable adj.合乎情理的
6．reflect vt.反映；反射
7．register v．登记；注册 n．登记表；注册簿
8．resemble vt.类似；像
经典句式需悟通
1．It takes me only a few minutes to walk to school down a dusty track covered in weeds.
我只要几分钟就走到学校了，路上尘土飞扬，杂草丛生。
2．The other day I was showing the boys a chemistry experiment when，before I knew it，the mixture was bubbling out of the test tube spilling everywhere!
不久前的一天，我正给男孩子们演示一个化学实验，我还没有明白怎么回事，混合剂就从试管里冒了出来，溅的到处都是！
3．Lately，all of us have seen Chinese people on TV in far-off places in the world，helping other countries to develop.
最近，我们都在电视上看到中国人民在世界上遥远的地方帮助其他国家发展。
4．And we see Chinese miners，oil workers，agricultural experts，mechanics，and doctors working in nearly every corner of the world.
我们看到中国矿工、石油工人、农业专家、机械师和医生几乎在世界的每个角落工作。
5．Now，not only are Tanzanians helped by the hospital，but people in neighbouring countries are helped as well.
现在，不仅坦桑尼亚人得到了医院的帮助，邻国的人们也得到了帮助。


Ⅰ.阅读单词(每小题1分，共11分)
1．bubble vi.起泡；沸腾
2．fireplace n．壁炉
3．kettle n．(烧水用的)壶；水壶
4．leftover adj.吃剩的；残留的 n．吃剩的食物；遗留物
5．handshake n．握手
6．chorus n．合唱曲；合唱团 vt.合唱；齐声说
7．tablet n．平板电脑；便笺本；药片
8．contract vt.感染(疾病)；与……订立合同(或契约) n．合同；契约
9．grant vt.同意；准许 n．拨款
10．circuit n．巡回；环形线路
11．hypothetical adj.假设的；假定的
Ⅱ.重点单词(每小题2分，共32分)
12．parcel n．包裹 vt.裹好；打包
13．secondary adj.中学的；次要的
14．privilege n．优惠待遇；特权
15．cotton n．棉布；棉花
16．uniform n．校服；制服 adj.一致的；统一的
17．lately adv.最近；不久前；近来
18．shade vt.给……遮挡(光线)；加灯罩；把……涂暗 n．阴凉处；灯罩；阴影部分
19．rigid adj.死板的；固执的
20．wrinkle vt.& vi.(使脸上)起皱纹；皱起 n．皱纹
21．forehead n．额；前额
22．platform n．平台；站台；舞台
23．drag vt.拖；拽 vt.& vi.缓慢而费力地移动
24．resign vi.& vt.辞职；辞去
25．input n．情况；信息；投入；输入 vt.输入
26．criterion n．标准；准则；原则
27．pray vi.& vt.企盼；祈祷
Ⅲ.拓展单词(每小题2分，共14分)
28．dust n．沙土；灰尘 vi.& vt.擦灰→dusty adj.布满灰尘的
29．chemist n．化学家；药剂师；药房→chemistry n．化学→chemical adj.化学的
30．ripe adj.成熟的；时机成熟的→ripen vt.& vi.(使)成熟
31．disabled adj.有残疾的；丧失能力的→disability n．缺陷；障碍→disable vt.使(某人)残废；使……无能
32．deserve vt.值得；应得；应受→deserving adj.值得的；应得的
33．consultation n．咨询；咨询会→consult vt.咨询；请教→consultant n．顾问
34．stability n．稳定(性)；稳固(性)→stable adj.稳定的；牢固的→unstable adj.不稳定的
Ⅳ.高频词汇(每小题1分，共5分)
35．promote vt.促进；提升
36．punctual adj.准时的；守时的
37．reasonable adj.合乎情理的
38．register v．登记；注册 n．登记表；注册簿
39．resemble vt.类似；像
Ⅴ.核心短语(每小题2分，共8分)
40．not to mention 更不用说；且不说
41．take for granted 认为……是理所当然；对……不予重视
42．relay to 转达给……；转发给……
43．pray that 但愿

Ⅰ.单词拼写(根据汉语提示或首字母提示写单词)(每小题1分，共8分)
1．The wrinkles on the premier’s face suggest that he is no longer young.
2．I am privileged to have a chance to share my experience with all of you.
3．She takes great pride in wearing school uniform to stand for her school.
4．Young people often take it for granted that parents should satisfy whatever they desire.
5．This man deserves his status as one of the most popular composers in Western musical history.
6．The shade of the forest trees provides a home for birds and other species(物种) that depend on the trees’ flowers and fruits.
7．His parents were annoyed to hear that he had resigned(辞职) from the company.
8．We were disappointed that they insisted on such a rigid(死板的) explanation of the rules.
Ⅱ.词形变化填空(用括号内所给词的适当形式填空)(每小题2分，共12分)
9．The house had been vacant for a long time，so it was very dusty(dust)．
10．I consulted with a consultant about how to run my business well last week.(consult)
11．This is an issue deserving attention.That is，the issue deserves paying attention to.(deserve)
12．The disabled are often laughed at because of their disabilities.(disable)
13．I am keen on chemistry，so I desire to be a chemist studying chemical changes.(chemistry)
14．We can live a stable life because of economic stability.(stable)
Ⅲ.经典句型仿写(每小题2分，共10分)
15．每天我花费三个小时完成家庭作业。
It takes me three hours to finish my homework every day.
16．我正在读一本有趣的小说，这时妈妈冲了进来。
I was reading an interesting novel when my mother rushed in.
17．我喜欢读历史经典作品，这使我能够欣赏中国语言之美。
I enjoy reading classical works of history，enabling/which enables me to appreciate the beauty of the Chinese language.
18．我看见他们在公园里吵架呢。
I saw them quarreling with each other in the park.
19．塑料袋不仅造成严重污染而且它们对人们的健康有害。
Not only can plastic bags cause serious pollution but (also) they do harm to people’s health.

Ⅰ.课文语法填空——复习本单元Reading and Thinking部分
Jo worked at a bush school 1.whose classrooms were made of bamboo and the roofs of grass.There’s no electricity 2.or running water.It took some students about two hours 3.to get(get) to school.The other day，Jo was showing the boys 4.an experiment when the mixture was bubbling over everywhere and the boys started jumping out of the windows.Jo doubted 5.whether/if she was making any 6.difference(different) to the children’s lives by teaching them.Jo and Jenny visited Tombe’s home.When they arrived at the village，Tombe’s mother started 7.crying/to cry(cry) “ieee ieee”．Tombe’s father led them to his house，a low，round bamboo hut with grass 8.sticking(stick) out of the roof，where they could only see a few saucers，a kettle，cups，pans and a couple of jars.What they 9.ate(eat) were sweet potatoes，corn and greens.That night Jo and Jenny slept on a 10.newly(new) made platform.They left the village the next morning after many goodbyes and firm handshakes.
Ⅱ.课文选词填空——复习本单元Using Language部分

My mother，a medical doctor，has been working as a volunteer 1.consultant in Tanzania，Africa.Initially，I was unhappy about her leaving without even asking for my input，but now I am singing a different 2.tune.My mother helps build a cardiac hospital.She also does a 3.circuit of the rural villages to help those with disabilities and provide consultation for local doctors.Her team has also given patients a new malaria treatment.So I want to 4.relay to you that my mother’s work is worth spreading.I also pray that I will do the same job in the future.

提示：题干中加底纹词汇为本单元词汇
drag vt.拖；拉；扯 vt.& vi.缓慢而费力地移动
先练基础——单句语法填空
(1)The chemist with wrinkles dragged(drag) the dusty parcel from under the bed and unfolded it.
读后续写之手的肢体动作：drag/draw/pull拉；cup one’s hands over...把手窝成杯状；slide one’s hands into...将手伸进；put one’s hands to one’s cheeks用双手捂住脸；spread one’s hands摊开双手

再提能力——完美写作·完成句子·背诵
(2)这位父亲站起来，盯着大儿子的眼睛，把手窝成杯状托住儿子的脸。
The man stood up，gazed in the eyes of his oldest son and cupped his hands over his son’s face.
(3)汤姆打开车门，把司机拽出来，把他送到警察局。
Tom opened the car door，dragged the driver out and sent him to the police station.
privilege n．特权；特别优待；优惠待遇
v．给予特权；特别优待
先练基础——单句语法填空
(1)I take it for granted that I have the privilege to enter(enter) the lab at my will.
(2)I am privileged(privilege) to relay to you that you have won the first prize in the competition.
＝It is a privilege to relay to you that you have won the first prize in the competition.
•It is a privilege to do sth.做某事是一种殊荣。
have the privilege to do/of doing sth.有特权做某事
•privileged adj.有特权的；受特别优待的
be privileged to do sth.有幸做某事



再提能力——完美写作·词汇升级·背诵
(3)(简单表达)I am greatly honored to deliver a speech on how to protect the environment.
(高级表达)I am greatly privileged to deliver a speech on how to protect the environment.
deserve vi.& vt.应受；应得；值得
先练基础——单句语法填空
(1)Although he resigned，he still did whatever he could to help the disabled，so he deserved praising.(praise)
＝Although he resigned，he still did whatever he could to help the disabled，so he deserved to be praised.(praise)
＝Although he resigned，he still did whatever he could to help the disabled，so he deserved praise.(praise)
deserve sth.值得；应得某事/物
deserve doing/to be done值得被……(此处用动名词的主动形式表示被动意义，类似用法的动词还有：need，want，require等)
deserve it(口语)活该；自作自受

再提能力——完美写作·完成句子·背诵
(2)面对新冠疫情的爆发，我姑姑毫不犹豫地前往武汉，在那里，她帮助挽救了成百上千的生命。因此，我姑姑值得尊敬。
Faced with the outbreak of COVID-19，my aunt went to Wuhan without hesitation，where she helped to save hundreds of lives.So my aunt deserves respect/respecting/to be respected.
take...for granted认为……是理所当然；对……不予重视
•take it for granted that＋从句　认为……理所当然
•take...seriously认真对待……
take one’s time不用急；慢慢来
take pride in以……自豪
take charge of负责，掌管
take advantage of利用

能力提升——完美写作·完成句子·背诵
(1)我们总是一厢情愿地认为地球可以提供给我们无穷无尽的自然资源，因此我们过度开发资源。
We always take it for granted that the earth can provide us with limitless natural resources，so we overdevelop the resources.
(2)上个月我负责演讲活动时，我认真对待这件事。我充分利用每个向同学寻求建议的机会，因此我完美地组织了这次活动。我的所有同学都以我为骄傲。
When I took charge of the speech activity last month，I took it seriously.I took advantage of every chance to ask my classmates for their opinions so that I organized the activity perfectly.All of my classmates took pride in me.
be doing...when...
The other day I was showing the boys a chemistry experiment when，before I knew it，the mixture was bubbling out of the test tube spilling everywhere！
不久前的一天，我正给男孩子们演示一个化学实验，我还没有明白怎么回事，混合剂就从试管里冒了出来，溅的到处都是！
先练基础——单句语法填空
(1)We were swimming(swim) in the lake when suddenly the storm started.
(2)Tom had just fallen asleep when someone knocked at the door.
(3)The thief was about to put his hand into the lady’s handbag when the bus suddenly stopped.
句中when用作并列连词，意为“这时突然”。when表示“这时突然”之意，还用于以下三种句型：
•be about to do...when...正要做……突然……
•be on the point of doing...when...正要做……突然……
•had (just) done...when...刚做完……这时突然……

再提能力——完美写作·完成句子·背诵
(4)我们正要离开时隔壁房间突然发出了巨大的响声。
We were about to leave/were on the point of leaving when a big noise came from the next room.
(5)我正在上网搜索相关信息我的手机突然响了。
I was searching the Internet for the relevant information when my cellphone rang.

提示：题干中加底纹词汇为上单元词汇
Ⅰ.熟词生义练——清除阅读障碍
1．What made me delighted was that the walls were a uniform grey.统一的
2．It’s my privilege to be a volunteer at the summer camp.荣幸
3．I bought a new shade for the lamp.灯罩
Ⅱ.核心知识强化练——巩固语言知识
1．I took it for granted that he would negotiate with me about what to do next，but he didn’t.
2．After consulting(consult) my uncle who is a psychologist by profession，I know how to keep mentally healthy.
3．From the bottom of my heart，I keep praying(pray) that he won’t withdraw from the club.
4．I must relay to you that my opponent admitted stealing my laptop at the press conference.
5．He often extends his kindness to others and as a consequence，he deserves applause/applause/ applauding/to be applauded(applaud)．
6．I felt greatly privileged(privilege) to log the great deeds you had done.
7．We should have mercy on the disabled，who are(be) often looked down on by others.
8．Believe it or not，lately three men who murdered the supermarket boss have been arrested (arrest)．
9．The man in uniform takes possession of three villas，but he still lives a very simple life.
10．The children were playing football on the playground when it began to rain.
Ⅲ.写作增分练——提升语用能力
(应用文之提供帮助)
1．我正在街上走着这时我发现了两位外国游客。(be doing...when...)
I was walking in the street when I found two foreign travelers.
2．我看见他们正在看地图，他们看起来非常迷惑。(see sb.doing)
I saw them reading a map and they looked quite puzzled.
3．他们花了大约半个小时找公园在哪里，但是没找到。(It takes sb.some time to do sth.)
It had taken them about half an hour to find where the park was，but in vain.
4．因此，我不仅领着他们去了附近的公交车站而且还建议他们乘坐20路公交车。(not only...but also的倒装句)
Thus，not only did I lead them to the nearby bus stop but (also) I advised them to take the Bus No.20.
5．看着他们上了公交车，我感到非常高兴。(doing作状语)
Seeing them get on the bus，I felt very happy.


请先从表格中选用本单元所学词汇完成下列短文，然后核对答案并背诵该短文。(文中加波浪线的句子为本单元的语法项目：短语)

Lately I have resigned from my present job and signed a contract with a secondary school for the disabled in a remote village.At first my parents opposed my decision，but now they are singing a different 1.tune.For me，it is a 2.privilege to teach in the school.Every day I am greeted by a chorus of “good morning.” The dusty clay huts act as classrooms，whose doorways are very narrow and there are no rubbers，tubes for chemical experiments or platforms.With the campus full of weeds，there are no washrooms.Students don’t wear cotton 3.uniforms.All the students’ housing is quite simple.The only possessions are saucers，fireplaces，kettles，pans，jars and grills，not to mention 4.tablets and other modern devices that we take for granted.They eat ripe rice and they even don’t throw away leftovers.In my spare time，I do a 5.circuit of the villages to help those with disabilities and provide them with consultation.I want to relay to people that the disabled need help and I 6.pray that more and more people can be volunteers.

练基础——请写出下列黑体部分短语的类型及所充当的成分
1．He could only understand a word here and there.副词短语作状语
2．We need to build the factory twice larger than this one.形容词短语作后置定语
3．He was so hungry that he finished off everything on the table.动词短语作谓语
4．He has been working here as an assistant to the chairman for ten years.介词短语作状语
技巧一点通
英语中的短语是有一定意义但不构成独立从句或句子的一组词。从形式角度划分，英语的短语可分为名词短语、动词短语、形容词短语、副词短语、介词短语等。短语动词是一种固定的词组，由动词加副词或介词构成。常用的短语动词有以下几类：动词＋副词；动词＋介词；动词＋副词＋介词；动词＋名词＋介词。

提能力——微写作
根据汉语提示并运用以上语法用英语写一段话
在过去的几个月里，他一直帮我学英语。由于他的帮助，我取得了巨大进步，英语老师也以我为傲。因此，言语无法表达我是多么感激他。
In the past few months，he has been helping me with my English.Thanks to his help，I have made great progress and the English teacher is also proud of me.As a result，words fail to express how grateful I am to him.