句子成分和简单句 课件

这是一份句子成分和简单句 课件，共22页。PPT课件主要包含了↓主语，↓谓语，↓定语，↓宾语，↓同位语，↓状语，句子成分，↓间接宾语，↓直接宾语，简单句的基本句型等内容，欢迎下载使用。
I met my best friend Tm at the statin yesterday.
定义 ：构成句子的各个部分叫做句子成分。句子成分有主要成分和次要成分；主要成分：主语和谓语次要成分：表语、宾语、定语、状语、补足语、同位语
㈠主语（subject） 句子说明的人或事物
Jane is gd at playing the pian.She went ut in a hurry.Fur plus fur is eight.T see is t believe.Smking is bad fr health.The yung shuld respect the ld.What he has said is true.
（名词） （代词） （数词）（不定式） （动名词） （名词化的形容词） （句子）
The sun rises in the east.           Twenty years is a shrt time in histry.        The pr are nw living in the shelter. Seeing is believing.      T see is t believe.          He likes dancing.    What he needs is a bk.It is very clear that the elephant is rund and tall like a tree.
（It形式主语，主语从句是真正主语）
㈡谓语 说明主语的动作、状态和特征
简单谓语:由动词或动词词组组成I saw the flag n the tp f the hill?He lked after tw rphans.复合谓语 由情态动词或助动词+动词;He can speak English well.She desn’t seem t like dancing
Shw yur passprt, please. She didn't say anything. Hw many d yu want? - I want tw. They sent the injured t hspital. They asked t see my passprt. I enjy wrking with yu. Did yu write dwn what he said?
(三)宾语 动作的对象或承受者——及物动词或介词的宾语
宾语分为直接宾语和间接宾语.直接宾语指物或事,间接宾语指人或动物.He gave me sme bks.
●please pass me the bk.●He bught his girlfriend sme flwers.
在系动词后的部分就是表语The war was ver.They seem t knw the truth.Time is precius.I’m nt quite myself tday.That remains a puzzle.I dn’t feel at ease.
1）状态系动词（be动词） 例如： He is a teacher. （is与补足语一起说明主语的身份。） 2）持续系动词 keep, remain, stay, lie, stand 例如： He always kept silent at meeting. 他开会时总保持沉默。3）表像系动词 seem, appear, lk, 例如： He lks tired. 他看起来很累。
4）感官系动词 feel, smell, sund, taste 例如：This kind f clth feels very sft. 这种布手感很软。注意：系动词不用于被动语态.5）变化系动词 becme, grw, turn, fall, get, g, cme, run. 例如： He became mad after that. 自那之后，他疯了。6）终止系动词 prve, turn ut, 表达“证实”，“变成”之意例如： The rumr prved false. 这谣言证实有假。
（五）定语 修饰或限制名词或代词的词、词组或从句
He is a clever by.His father wrks in a steel wrk.There are 54students in ur class.D yu knwn betty’s sister?He bught sme sleeping pills.There is a sleeping baby in bed.His spken language is gd.
定语后置：如果定语是由一个单词表示时，通常要前置。而由一个词组或一个句子表示时，通常则后置The girl in red is his sister.We have a lt f wrk t d.The girl standing under the tree is his daughter.D yu knw the man wh spke just nw?
（六）状语 状语的功用：状语说明地点、时间、原因、目的、结果、条件、方向、程度、方式和伴随状况等。
I will be back in a while.They are playing n the playgrund.He was late because he gt up late.He gt up s late that I missed the train.
I waited t see yu.He ften went t schl by bus.His parents died, leaving him an rphan.Please call me if it is necessary.This bk is very interesting.He went t schl in spite f his illness.
I fund the bk interesting.D yu smell smething burning?He made himself knwn t them.
（七）宾语补足语 有些及物动词除了有一个直接宾语以外，还要有一个宾语补足语，说明宾语的身份和状态以补充其意义不足，使句子的意义完整。这类常用的及物动词有 ：make, cnsider, cause, see, find, call, get, have, let.
She asked me t lend her a hand.
（八）同位语同位语在名词或代词之后，对其作进一步解释或说明，与前面的名词或代词在语法上处于同等地位。
1. This is my brther Tm.(名词作同位语)2. Walt Disney, a rich and successful businessman, created the famus cartn character—Mickey Muse. (名词短语作同位语)3.We each have tw apples.(代词作同位语)4.They fur carried the desk upstairs.(数词作同位语)。5.The fact that Chinese peple are hard­wrking is knwn t all.(从句作同位语)
1．S ＋ Vi 主语＋不及物动词 Birds fly.2．S ＋ V ＋ P 主语＋系动词＋表语 We are friends.3．S ＋ Vt ＋ O 主语＋及物动词＋宾语 He plays the pian.4．S ＋ Vt ＋ IO ＋ DO主语＋及物动词＋间接宾语＋直接宾语I gave him a pen.
5．S ＋ Vt ＋ O ＋ OC主语＋及物动词＋宾语＋宾语补足语 Tm made me cry.6．S＋Vi＋A主语＋不及物动词＋状语 Time passes very quickly.7．S＋Vt＋O＋A主语＋及物动词＋宾语＋状语He settled the prblem in an easy way.8．There be 句型 There're 35 students in ur class.　
那个男孩静静地吃了一个苹果。
站在树底下的那个小男孩静静地吃了一个很大的从美国进口的苹果。
That by ate an apple quietly.
That little by standing under the tree ate a very big apple imprted frm the USA quietly.
巩固练习：It is n use talking with him. 2) Peple (all ver the wrld) speak English. 3) I find it difficult t wrk with him. 4) Sme f the students (in the schl) want t g swimming, hw abut yu?
5) The ld man (sitting at the gate) said he was ill.6) There was a big smile [n her face].7) [Every night ] he heard the nise upstairs. 8) He began t learn English [when he was eleven].9) The man (n the mtrbike) was traveling [ t fast]. 10) [Hearing the news], he culdn’t help jumping.