江苏省南通市三年（2020-2022）中考英语真题分题型分层汇编-03阅读单选

这是一份江苏省南通市三年（2020-2022）中考英语真题分题型分层汇编-03阅读单选，共28页。
江苏省南通市三年（2020-2022）中考英语真题分题型分层汇编
03阅读单选
一、 阅读单选
（2022·江苏南通）
Thirty-Six Stratagems(计谋), which show our ancient Chinese wisdom, are our ancient culture treasure. And many of these stratagems can still be put into practice in many fields, such as war, politics, business and even daily life. The following are four of them. Let’s enjoy the charm of our traditional culture.
Stratagem OneWhen a thief is in your house, you’d better shut your doors at once in order to prevent him from running away.
Why? For our ancient Chinese, there are two reasons. First, if you let your enemy run away, he will come back. Second, once your enemy succeeds in running away, it is dangerous for you to chase him.
Stratagem TwoThis stratagem is from a poem by Du Fu, a famous poet of the Tang Dynasty. A line in the poem reads: “To shoot the man on horse-back, shoot his horse first; To catch the robbers, capture their leader first.”
In a war if you want to beat the enemy, attack the leader first. Once the leader is caught, their forces will break down and fall into chaos.
Stratagem ThreeChinese always believe that tigers are more powerful when they are in the mountains. Once they leave mountains, they will become less powerful. And there are a few Chinese sayings linking tigers with mountains.
The stratagem advises you not to directly attack an enemy in his own area. Instead, you should try to make him leave his place first, making him lose the geographical advantage. In this way, your enemy will be beaten easily.
Stratagem FourExperienced fishers all know how to prevent a hooked fish breaking the line. Move the fish line from side to side to gradually make the fish calm down and get tired, and then you can catch it easily.
In the same way, once your enemy is trapped, he will often struggle, trying to run away. Leave him the false feeling that he still has a chance to run away. When he gets tired and loses his guard, you can capture him with less difficulty.

1． Which of the following describes Stratagem Two?
A．Shutting the door to catch the thief. B．Catching your enemy’s leader first.
C．Letting the enemy off to catch him later. D．Tricking the tiger out of the mountain.
2． From the stratagems above, we know that ________.
A．it is wise for you to attack enemies in their own places
B．it is impossible for people to make others lose their guard
C．it is dangerous to give your enemies a chance to run away
D．it is better to shoot the man on horse-back first not the horse
3． Where can we probably read Thirty-Six Stratagems?
A．In a guide book. B．In an art book.
C．In a science book. D．In a classical book.

（2022·江苏南通）Many Chinese primary and middle-school students can’t do housework today and do not take such work seriously. As a result, some are unable to cook or wash their own clothes when they enter college.
The Ministry of Education has recently released the new curriculum standard(新课程标准) for housework education for students from Grade 1 to Grade 9, making it an independent course that students must take at least once a week. The new standard requires students in Grade 1-2 to learn to sweep the floor, Grade 3-4 to learn to plant cabbages, and Grade 5-6 to master the skills of cooking two to three dishes. Students in junior middle schools will learn to repair simple electrical machines. This new standard has been widely welcomed by the public.
Wang: We all know the importance of housework education. However, at home, some students are unable to do the simplest housework, as their parents insist they should devote themselves to study. Some of them gradually grow to be unwilling to do any kind of housework. Housework education is supposed to raise students’ interest in labor, help them experience different kinds of housework and, most importantly, correct their attitudes toward labor. The housework course will become an important step to develop and improve personalities of students.
Li: In order for students to develop in an all-round way, it’s absolutely necessary to add the housework course to school curriculums, which aims to encourage students in primary and secondary schools to progressively learn and love housework. It is important to make the housework class interesting, so that the students will really gain some practical skills. For this reason, schools should add professional(专业的) teachers to give the classes, instead of adding this new stress on parents and other teachers who are already busy with their daily work.
Zhang: Some people think it’s unnecessary to waste time on learning housework. If you want to have a meal, you can order food online, and for electrical machine repairs, you can ask for specialized help. However, people with the basic skills for daily life can go much more confidently and smoothly through everyday life.
It is the first step in encouraging young students to develop a healthy concept(观念) of labor and to be able to take care of themselves in daily life.
4． Which of the following is true according to the new curriculum standard?
A．Students in Grade 1-2 should learn to plant cabbages.
B．Students in Grade 5-6 should learn to cook 2-3 dishes.
C．Students in Grade 3-4 can repair simple electrical machines.
D．Students should take the housework course at least twice a week.
5． According to Wang, why can’t some students do any basic housework?
A．Because students don’t realize the importance of labor.
B．Because housework can’t improve students’ personalities.
C．Because housework classes are not interesting as expected.
D．Because their parents require them to spend more time on study.
6． Which of the following opinions comes from Li?
A．Ordering food online is a good way for students to save time.
B．Non-professional teachers should help give housework classes.
C．Students get useful skills and confidence through housework classes.
D．Teachers of the housework course are expected to make classes interesting.
7． The passage mainly wants to tell us ________.
A．the importance of the housework course
B．the new stress on both teachers and parents
C．different opinions on the housework course
D．the concept of the new curriculum standard

（2022·江苏南通）Technology and sustainability(可持续性) are two driving forces in the world today. For the agriculture department, sustainable agriculture technology must be the new trend, and farmers should follow it.
The following sustainable agriculture technologies are necessary.
Smart irrigation
Crops need water—that’s needless to say. However, how they get water is another story.
With smart irrigation technology, water can be put to good use. New irrigation systems with smart technology can report soil moisture(湿度) and temperature in real time. These new technologies help farmers properly take care of crops in a more efficient way. For example, most crops have specific requirements for temperature and moisture. The new irrigation systems can show farmers whether they need to make changes for their crops’ growing environments. In this way, they may help reduce the waste of water.
Drones
Drones’ abilities get them a place on this list. They can do a lot and most importantly, they can make the boring and tiring farm work much easier.
These devices have high-definition cameras that take pictures and videos. Through wireless control, just at home farmers can fly the drones over the fields and check on crops. If one area of crops isn’t doing well, farmers can quickly record the details and then spray chemicals with the help of the drones.
Data and software
Data is rich in this tech-driven world. Farming and data working together can greatly change the way farmers plant, harvest and water.
As computers gather information, they report it all back to a central system. So when farmers learn in which area crop health needs to improve, they can use water and fertilizer(肥料) more efficiently, causing less waste.
The three technologies are helpful for farmers to save costs, labor and energy. And they can contribute to the final goal of agricultural sustainability—that is to improve the environment. As these new technologies continue to develop, we are sure to have a cleaner environment.
Sustainable agricultural technology is the future—and it will change the game.
8． According to the passage, smart irrigation can ________.
A．make full use of every drop of rain
B．decide crops’ growing environment
C．help farmers water the crops when necessary
D．support the growth and harvest of crops efficiently
9． From “Drones” part, we can learn that ________.
A．drones can help provide water and fertilizer
B．drones help farm work in a more efficient way
C．farmers can fly in their drones to check on crops
D．farmers can record the details about their drones
10． What is the final goal of agricultural sustainability?
A．To help us have a better environment. B．To make farmers work more efficiently.
C．To raise the production of crops quickly. D．To reduce farmers’ boring and tiring work.
11． The passage is mainly to ________.
A．think highly of the agriculture department
B．make sustainable agriculture technologies better
C．change farmers’ misunderstanding of agriculture technologies
D．stress the importance of sustainable technologies in agriculture

（2022·江苏南通）
As Xiong Chuanfa, 34, blew a lifelike puppy out of molten maltose(溶化的麦芽糖) in just minutes, kids looked carefully at him with great surprise, thinking he was a magician.
Xiong Chuanfa has been working on blowing sugar figurines, a Chinese traditional folk art with a history of over 600 years, for more than twenty years.
In this special art form, the artist heats the syrup(糖浆) to a certain temperature, pulls off a small amount, makes it into a ball with an open center, presses the open area together and stretches it to form a tube. Then he blows air into the tube and makes it into different shapes. The traditional folk art has been listed as a state-level intangible cultural heritage(非物质文化遗产).
Every morning, Xiong prepares the molten syrup and drives to start his “magic show” around his city. “Many people, particularly kids, are attracted by this sugar art. After all, the ancient art is gradually disappearing,” Xiong said. Simon, from Australia, was attracted by a sugar Bing Dwen Dwen, the mascot of the Beijing 2022 Winter Olympics, in Xiong’s stall. Simon couldn’t resist trying to make one himself. However, he couldn’t get the wanted shape though he tried several times. “It looks simple, but actually it’s very difficult to master the skill,” he said. Thanks to Xiong’s helping hand, Siunon finally saw a horse gradually taking shape. “Can’t believe I’ve done this,” he said, expressing his excitement at how a pot of sugar syrup has been turned into something “truly amazing”.
Xiong said that blowing sugar figurines can date back to the Ming Dynasty and that his family has passed down this art for four generations. “My 6-year-old son often blows up a balloon-like sugar figure, just like I used to do as a child,” he said. Xiong’s wife Wang Li is an artist of the sugar painting, which is a form of traditional Chinese folk art that uses hot, liquid sugar to make 2-D objects.
“None of the cultural heritage left by our ancestors should be lost. They are name cards of the splendid Chinese culture and should be spread around the world,” Xiong said. The couple often show their skills beside colleges to draw youngsters closer to the traditional art and allow them to experience its charm. “Sugar paintings and sugar figurines are childhood memories of several generations of Chinese people. We try to combine paper-cutting skills and modern elements(元素) with sugar figurines, making them similar to modern trend(趋势) while keeping a balance between beauty and taste. We will spend the rest of our lives helping pass on this intangible heritage,” Xiong said.
Many people were deeply moved after learning about the family’s story.
12． What is the correct order of making sugar figurines?
a. Making it into a sugar ball.       b. Stretching it to make a tube.
c. Pulling off some heated syrup.       d. Blowing air to make wanted shapes.
A．c-a-b-d B．c-b-a-d C．b-a-c-d D．b-c-a-d
13． The underlined word “resist” in Paragraph 4 probably means “________”.
A．be praised by B．stop oneself from
C．be attracted by D．remind oneself of
14． Which of the following is true according to the article?
A．Xiong’s son blows up a horse with his father’s help.
B．Xiong’s wife is also good at making sugar figurines.
C．Xiong tries to add modern elements to sugar figurines.
D．The Xiongs visit colleges to teach students their skills.
15． What’s the best title of the passage?
A．A Chinese artist on tasty folk art B．A new modern trend
C．A balance between beauty and taste D．Tasty sugar figurines

（2021·江苏南通）
◆More than 22, 000 pubs(酒馆) have a weekly quiz(智力测试) night. Some people say that the success of modern-day pub quizzes is caused by a board game from the 1980s, called Trivial Pursuit. In the game players had to answer questions about unimportant details. But whatever the reason, pub owners now say they hold quiz nights because quizzers drink like fish, so it is good business for them.
◆In the quiz, the quizmaster reads questions out loud and people answer questions in teams. A lot of the time, people choose funny names for their teams. There are normally several rounds, and a quiz can go on for 2 to 3 hours! Each round can be about a different topic, or questions can be mixed. Topics can be about nature, culture, life, health, food, science, sports, music and more.
◆Many pubs have old names referring to monarchs(君主), such as The King’s Head or The Queen Victoria, but of course this doesn’t mean they are only for kings or queens. Pubs have always welcomed people from all classes and parts of society. In some pubs you can get drinks on the house, meaning they are free. If you’ve paid to be in the quiz, there is usually a surprising prize.
◆More than half of the people in a recent survey on the Internet answered these questions incorrectly: How many countries make up Great Britain? What is the world’s largest desert?Study! Make sure you know the names of the winners of sporting events, Oscars and TV shows. Also there is need to have a look at the world map. Besides studying, it’s very important to choose your team wisely. Try to have a mix of men and women, and no more than five people. Don’t choose someone who is always completely sure that they’re right, in fact sometimes they’re wrong! Once you’ve got your team together, always trust your first answer, and don’t think about it too much. Make sure that not everyone in your team drinks too much, otherwise the last round is going to get really difficult!

16． Pub owners are willing to hold the quiz night because ________.
A．it is held freely once a week to meet customers
B．they can ask quizzers some difficult questions
C．it can provide a good chance for their business
D．they believe Trivial Pursuit is still popular now
17． Which of the following is true according to Parts 2&3?
A．Quizzers usually group their teams with funny names.
B．Normally each round will go on for two to three hours.
C．Pubs with names of monarchs are for kings and queens.
D．Every quizzer will receive a surprising prize in the end.
18． In order to win the quiz, quizzers had better ________.
①have a complete understanding of different topics
②be in a mixed team no more than five members
③trust their first answers to the questions
④drink as much as they can till the last round
A．①② B．②③ C．①④ D．③④

（2021·江苏南通）
We are what we eat. From high-calorie meals to low-fat lunches, much of our health depends on what we eat. We know about the benefits(益处) of eating fittingly for our physical health, but food, and cooking it, is proving to be good for our mental(心理的) health as well.
Some people are now supporting the therapeutic value of cooking food. It’s not just about the end result but also the experience someone goes through. Dr Mark Salter, a consultant psychiatrist, told the BBC: “Baking and cooking are good therapies. They help patients develop planning skills, short-term memories and social skills—lack(缺乏) of which may lead to mental illness.”
TV chef(大厨) and author Nadiya Hussain agrees that cooking is great for helping our mind. She loves to bake and became the champion of the TV show, The Great British Bake Off. She says that “Baking’s always been about therapy... It’s never really been about the cake.” And she thinks that baking is an important tool for our socialization and mental health.
Certainly, creating some delicious food takes our mind off things and gives us something to do, helping us get through the recent lockdown. People have said that mixing dough(生面团) to make bread, for example, has given them a sense of calm and control. Research has shown that doing creative tasks, like cooking, makes us feel happier. Nicole Farmer, who studies how food influences our biology, behavior and mental health, told BBC online that “Cooking represents the human experience of food, and growing people through food, so there is no doubt it can bring us timely positive feelings.”
Of course, cooking can be a very sociable activity and sharing the end result, a rewarding experience. Hopefully, as we start to mix with friends and family again, we can enjoy the benefits once more and put us all in the right state of mind.
19． What is baking in Nadiya Hussain’s eyes?
A．It’s helpful for our mind. B．It’s a kind ofTV programme.
C．It’s always about the cake. D．It’s a tool for physical health.
20． Creative tasks can help people get through the lockdown because they _________.
A．give people a lasting sense of calm and peace
B．mark the start of the experience of cooking food
C．make people feel more confident and stronger
D．help people take their mind off unhappy things
21． Which of the following is right according to the passage?
A．Dr Mark Salter is a consultant psychiatrist of the BBC．
B．Hussain once got the first prize for her books on baking.
C．The Great British Bake Off is a TV show about cooking.
D．Nicole Farmer is a British scientist who studies biology.
22． What is the article trying to convince(使确信) the reader of?
A．Eating fittingly for physical health.
B．Enjoying the course of cooking.
C．Sharing delicious food with others.
D．Developing our planning skills.

（2021·江苏南通）In December 2020, “the Super Apple” appeared at supermarkets across China, sweeter and juicier than usual ones, without pesticide residue(农药残留). Before reaching the market, the products had been tested over 500 times. Blockchain(区块链) technology in recording farmers’ actions is widely used to avoid nonstandard pesticide use. Digital technology at the apple storage helps to group apples, which can keep the stability(稳定性)   in the quality. “The future of agriculture lies in the modern technology.” Huang Jikun, Professor of the China Centre for Agricultural Policy at Peking University, told Beijing Review.
At China’s Central Rural Work Conference in 2020, President Xi stressed that efforts must be made to increase the quality of agriculture. Xi also pointed out the importance of speeding up technologies.
China’s agriculture has entered a stage of high-quality development, as the country is meeting people’s increasing need for high standard products. So agriculture should turn to technology.
Three years ago, Yuan Longping led a program of planting rice in saline－alkali(盐碱) soil in areas, including Xinjiang and Heilongjiang. Through hybrid technology, Yuan’s team have been able to raise improved rice for saline and alkaline soils. If China could put 6.67 million hectares of saline－alkali soil into rice production, it would be very likely to increase by around 30 million tons, a huge contribution to the country.
In Lushui, Yunnan Province, one can rarely see farmers working on the farm. All common tasks are completed automatically(自动化地). Data(数据)   is gathered by the system to improve future production.
“More information and technology centres will be built so that basic data and big data can be improved, and technologies like 5G and the BeiDou Satellite Navigation System can be used in the field.”said Han Fujun, Deputy Chief Engineer of the Information Center of MARA．
Since 2010, the Chinese government has been organizing technology exchanges, training, field trips and other activities for the agricultural technology talents to better understand the situations of each area.
Because of the COVID-19, companies begin to rethink better agricultural models,   as more people want to eat healthier foods. Science and technology will play a more important role in the future.
23． Which of the following makes ”the Super Apple” sweeter and juicier?
A．The apple storage. B．The modern technology.
C．The product test. D．The record of farmers’ actions.
24． From the passage we know that ________.
A．traditional Chinese agriculture is out of date now
B．farmers will pay less attention to technologies
C．China’s agriculture plays a lead role in the world
D．people now need more quality agricultural products
25． Which of the following is true according to the passage?
A．Yuan’s program is a huge contribution to China.
B．Farmers are busy collecting the data in Lushui.
C．5G and BeiDou system are rarely used in the centres.
D．Talents organize activities to understand each area.
26． The passage mainly wants to tell us ________.
A．Yuan Longping is a great Chinese scientist in farming
B．China’s agriculture develops fast to meet people’s need
C．science and technology improves China’s agriculture
D．more agricultural models will appear after COVID-19

（2021·江苏南通）“Have you finished your lesson, George?” said Mr. Prentice to his son, who had laid aside his book and was busy making a large paper kite.
“No, father, ”replied George, hanging down his head.
“Why not, my son?”
“Because it is so difficult, father. I am sure that I shall never learn it. Besides, I could not remember it after I had learned it, my memory is so bad.”
“If I were to promise you a holiday on the thirtieth of the month after next, do you think you would forget the date?”
“No, I am pretty sure that I should not.”
“You are first－rate at skating, and flying a kite, and playing at ball and marbles, are you not?”
“Yes, father.”
“And yet you cannot learn your lesson! My dear boy, you are deceiving(欺骗) yourself. You can learn as well as anyone, if you will only try.”
“But have I not tried, father?” again urged George.
“Well, try again. Come, for this afternoon lay aside that kite you are making, and give another effort to get your lesson ready. Be in earnest, and you will soon learn it. To show you that it only requires perseverance,_I will tell you a story：—
“One of the dullest boys at a village school, more than thirty years ago, went up to repeat his lesson one morning; and, as usual, did not know it. ‘Go to your seat!’ ”said the teacher angrily.
“If you don’t pay more attention to your lessons, you will never be fit for anything.”
“The poor boy stole off to his seat, and bent his eyes again upon his lesson.”
“It is of no use; I cannot learn.” he said in a whisper to a companion who sat near him.
“You must try hard, ”replied the kind-hearted boy.
“I have tried, but it is of no use; I may just as well give up at once.”
“Try again, Henry!” Whispered his companion, in an earnest and encouraging tone.
“These two little words gave him a fresh impulse, and he bent his mind again to his task.”
Gradually he began to find the sentences lingering in his memory; and soon, to his surprise and pleasure, the whole lesson was mastered!
“From that day, ” continued Mr. Prentice, “there was no boy in the school who learned more rapidly than Henry. From that day till the present hour he has been a student; and he now urges his son George to ‘try again’ as he tried. ”
“And was it indeed you, father?” asked his son, eagerly looking up into the face of his kind parent.
“Yes, my child.   That dull boy was your own father in his early years.”
“Then I will try again.” said George, in a decided tone; and, flinging aside his half-made kite, he turned and re-entered the house, and was soon bending in earnest attention over his lesson.
“Well, what success, George?” asked Mr. Prentice, as the family gathered around the tea-table.
“I learned the lesson, father!” replied the boy, “I can say every word of it.”
“Did you find it hard work?”
“Not so very hard, after I had once made up my mind that I would learn it. Indeed I never stopped to think, as I usually do, but went right on until I had mastered every sentence.”
“May you never forget this lesson, my son!” said Mr. Prentice, “You now get the secret of success. It lies in never stopping to think about a task being difficult or tiresome, but in going steadily on, with a fixed determination to succeed.”
27． The meaning of the underlined word “perseverance” is ________.
A．the quality of continuing trying
B．the quality of being brave enough
C．thinking about what will happen next
D．thinking about what's the best thing to do
28． Which is the correct order of the things below?
a. Mr. Prentice told George his own story.
b. George learned the lesson successfully.
c. George was busy making a large paper kite.
d. George gave up his lesson halfway.
e. The family gathered around the tea-table.
A．c－d－a－e－b B．c－d－a－b－e C．d－c－a－b－e D．d－c－a－e－b
29． According to the passage, we can see Mr. Prentice ________.
A．was encouraged by his teacher B．was a top student at first
C．is always impatient with his son D．is a kind and wise father
30． Which can be the best title for the passage?
A．A dull boy B．Try again C．A strict father D．Finish your lesson

（2020·江苏南通）
My wife and I were on our honeymoon in our homeland, visiting my parents-in-law. My wife Helen was making a film and my job was to make up the music, but I didn’t bring my guitar with me. I locked myself in the barn toilet, and carved a guitar neck from a scrap(废弃的) piece of wood. In the barn, I found a drum, which used to be part of an old tape-recorder, It’s like a guitar, but it has four strings. So is it a balalaika or a guitar? They have something in common (共性), we call it a balalaika but it’s played differently.

Our daughter Kitty had just started school, so she needed a place to do her homework. There isn’t much room except a table in the kitchen. When my wife cooks, she needs to use the table. One day I walked past a rubbish bin and saw a folding (可折叠的) table lying there. I thought I could make something out of it. It was just the right size a bigger one wouldn’t have fitted into the room. I fixed a slab of board for the desk and made the back of the seat softer, then I oiled the screws so it is easier to fold.
Our dad’s friend made the Little House for his daughter. It was made of wood and bricks which were thrown away. And when she grew up, he offered it to us. So how long has it been standing here? I’m forty years old now, so it must be at least fifty. The man’s name was Bob. He’s not alive any more but I still remember the nice time in the Little House. When my children were growing up, they used to say “We’re going to play in the Little House!”or “Where are you? I’m in the Little House!”
It’s a go-kart for my son Tom to ride down the hill. He wanted to make one so I helped him. I had bought him one, but he wasn’t satisfied with that. I just made it from pieces lying around. The wheels were from two different scrapped carts. My father-in-law had them in his barn. He doesn’t throw anything away. I only used cart parts, some wood, a cushioned seat, and a rope. It cost nothing. My son likes it so much. I feel so happy.


31． Which of the following was given by a friend?
A． B． C． D．
32． What do the four stories have in common?
A．The children in the stories were good at DIY.
B．Fathers made the four objects for their children.
C．Some scrap materials were made good use of.
D．The four objects were made just for pleasure.
33． From the passage, we can infer (推断) that _________.
A．Kitty's father did not have money to buy a new table
B．at least four children once played in the Little House
C．Helen and her husband were good at making instruments
D．Tom enjoyed making things like his father and grandfather

（2020·江苏南通）

Resting her phone on a stand and making the light more suitable, 49-year-old Lyu Min started her livestreaming session — her daily job during the COVID-19 outbreak. Dressed in a qipao, a traditional Chinese dress, Lyu started the livestreaming session from her workshop at 10 in the morning, sharing the art of making Chinese knots with many handicraft(手工艺) lovers. Lyu, an inheritor(继承人) of the art of making Chinese knots, which is listed as an intangible(非物质) cultural heritage, became a livestreaming host.
“Though the sales of Chinese knots have dropped a lot, I’m still confident that I can get out of the trouble brought by the outbreak. I can make full use of this period to improve my skills and develop this traditional handicraft online,” she said. Lyu is quite new to the world of livestreaming, having bought all the necessary equipment(设备) after following her friends advice. She practises livestreaming every day and records a large number of educational videos. As face-to-face interaction is still impractical for many, even as the outbreak has been largely brought under control in China, she thinks livestreaming classes can meet more Chinese knot lovers’ needs to learn the handicraft.
She has integrated the anti-epidemic spirit into her works, expressing the determination(决心) and confidence of the Chinese people to win against the COVID-19. “I love Wuhan, where I showed my works in 2019. Chinese knots are popular among many local people, and I made lots of friends there,” Lyu said. She designed a special Chinese knot to express her thanks to the medics who were sent to support Wuhan several months ago.
She has more than 200 followers right now. There are more and more Chinese knot lovers on her online platform. She is using a length of colored string and determination to keep this traditional art of Chinese knots alive online and help more people understand the culture.
34． The underlined word “livestreaming” in Paragraph 1 is close to “_______”.
A．sending out while happening B．equipment for recording videos
C．sending out after recording D．equipment for making handicrafts
35． Which of the following is true according to the passage?
A．Lyu Min advised her friends to livestream traditional handicraft online.
B．Lyu Min’s friends provided the necessary equipment for her to livestream.
C．Chinese knots sell very well in Lyu Min’s workshop through the Internet.
D．More Chinese knot lovers want to learn the handicraft because of Lyu Min.
36． What does Lyu Min think of the future of Chinese knots?
A．Unexpected. B．Hopeful. C．Difficult. D．Doubtful.
37． What’s the best title for the passage?
A．Having online classes during the outbreak
B．Introducing an intangible cultural heritage
C．Livestreaming the art of making Chinese knots
D．Expressing thanks to the doctors and nurses

（2020·江苏南通）
Do you like Physics or Chemistry? Matter (物质) is always changing, either physically or chemically. If a material goes through a physical change, it is still the same material. During a chemical change, one kind of matter changes into another completely different kind of matter. For example, when we burn wood or cook fish, materials change. People use chemistry every day in the kitchen. The food we eat has many different natural chemicals. Many of the chemicals in food are necessary parts of a healthy diet.
Much of the food we eat has been changed in some way from its original form. The changes that food undergoes may be chemical or physical. If a change does not affect the food’s chemical composition, we call it a physical change. For example, melted (溶解的) cheese has gone through a physical change. It gets softer when it is heated but it is still the same type of material. Any change that changes the chemicals in the food is a chemical change. Bread contains carbohydrates, which are chemicals made up of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen. When bread is baked (烘焙), the carbohydrates break down into black carbon and water. The carbon gives the bread a dark color and a crunchy texture (质地). The water goes into the air.
To get a closer look at the chemistry of baking, let’s watch how a carrot cake is made. The main steps of baking any cake are mixing the ingredients (材料) and baking them together. In the course of making cakes, the dry ingredients are mixed first. They are flour, sugar, salt, baking soda, baking powder and spices. Flour gives the cake structure. Sugar helps to make it sweet. Salt strengthens the cake batter. Baking powder and baking soda make the cake rise.
Next, the carrots may be added to the cake. These help give the carrot cake its flavor, texture, and color. The other ingredients in the carrot cake are oil and eggs. The oil makes the cake tender and moist. Eggs serve two purposes—the whites help the cake to rise, while the yolks (蛋黄) give it a creamy texture. All of these ingredients form a mixture. This mixture can be separated into its different components (成分) although it is very difficult. Once the cake mixture is formed, it’s poured into a cake pan and baked in an oven. The heat from the oven has caused chemical changes to take place. The cake is finished and the ingredients cannot be separated.
38． The material doesn’t change when we _______.
A．melt ice cream B．burn paper C．bake apple pies D．cook beef
39． What’s the correct order of baking a carrot cake in the passage?
a. Carrots, oil and eggs are added.   b. The dry ingredients are mixed.
c. The mixture is baked in an oven.   d. Baking powder and soda make the cake rise.
e. Preparing some dry ingredients.     f. The heat from the oven causes chemical changes.
g. The ingredients cannot be separated.  h. The mixture is poured into a pan
A．b-a-h-f-g B．b-h-c-d-f C．e-d-c-a-g D．e-c-a-g-d
40． After reading the passage, we know that ________.
A．water and carbon can give the cake a dark color and a crunchy texture
B．people can separate the mixture of eggs and oil into different components
C．chemicals in different kinds of food that people eat are bad for their health
D．sugar and salt can’t be put into the mixture to make a cake at the same time
41． The passage mainly helps us to _______.
A．look at the steps of baking cakes closely
B．learn how to make carrot cakes at home
C．have a healthy diet with natural chemicals
D．understand physical and chemical changes

（2020·江苏南通）
Herman planted the hot peppers (胡椒) in his five-hectare field in his town. The 36-year-old man put up a sign reading “Africa Hema Village” in Chinese, English and his native language. His first harvest will start this
month. Herman studied in China from 2011 to 2018, receiving his master’s degree and a doctorate in environmental science. He returned to Rwanda in 2018 with his wife, Yang Hong, who is from China, and started his own business. Hema Xiansheng CEO Hou Yi visited Rwanda to find quality products to bring to the Chinese market. Hot peppers were one of his discoveries. The couple helped Hou’s team, from research to field trips, testing production processes (加工) and so on. They also helped Hema Xiansheng’s purchasing (采购) manager, Chen Huifang, when she led a team of eight to visit Rwanda to research the possibilities of making hot pepper products that suit Chinese preferences.
“We wore rubber gloves when we touched them. Our fingers still felt hot the next day,” Chen said. Their research and development team spent four days studying and cooking the peppers. Transporting fresh hot peppers to China proved difficult, so the fresh peppers can’t be imported (进口) into China. Then Chen’s team decided to perform basic processing in Rwanda before shipping. Processing requires a careful balance. Too much salt will make the peppers less delicious. Too little, and the peppers may go bad. Because plastics mustn’t be used in Rwanda, they had to find proper ways to carry the pepper sauce. The material they first used couldn’t stand the long flights. Now Chen is happy to see that the pepper sauce has sold well in Hema’s offline and online stores.
Herman pointed out that few local farmers grow hot peppers because the market is small. A small amount is sold to Europe. And local need is limited due to its spiciness. So, about half the harvest is wasted every year. A young man in Rwanda will only make 10 yuan ($1.4) a day by working in the cities, but if they grow hot peppers due to Hema’s orders, they can make 50 to 60 yuan a day. Herman expressed his willingness to introduce more people to make more money by farming, rather than working for lower incomes, when e-commerce (电子商务) can bring greater needs and sales.
“It’s a chance for Rwandan people to join the new field and change their lives,” Herman said, “Through building more Hema Villages, Rwanda has the chance to become a country of digital agriculture.”
42． “Africa Hema Village” in Paragraph 1 is a place _______.
A．called Hema in Africa B．where Herman’s wife was born
C．providing hot peppers for Hema D．for Africans to buy hot peppers
43． Why should the peppers be processed before shipping to China? Because _______.
A．a balance is needed when the processing is done
B．fresh hot peppers mustn’t be imported into China
C．in Rwanda, people are not allowed to use plastics
D．during shipping, fresh hot peppers are easy to go bad
44． If a young man in Rwanda grows hot peppers for Hema, he may get about ______.
A．10 dollars a week B．1,600 yuan a month
C．500 dollars a year D．16,000 yuan half a year
45． What can we learn from the passage?
A．Many types of products have been offered in Africa Hema Village.
B．Hot peppers from Africa have a large market all around the world.
C．Hema Xiansheng paid for Herman’s seven-year education in China.
D．Herman hopes to do something to improve people’s lives in Rwanda.


参考答案：
1． B    
2． C    
3． D
【导语】本文是一篇说明文，介绍《三十六计》中的四个。
1． 细节理解题。根据“To shoot the man on horse-back, shoot his horse first; To catch the robbers, capture their leader first.”可知，射人先射马，擒贼先擒王。故选B。
2． 推理判断题。根据“First, if you let your enemy run away, he will come back. Second, once your enemy succeeds in running away, it is dangerous for you to chase him.”可知，给敌人逃跑的机会是很危险的，故选C。
3． 推理判断题。本文介绍《三十六计》中的四个，所以推测可能在一本古典书里看到，故选D。
4． B    
5． D    
6． D    
7． A
【导语】本文是一篇说明文，介绍家务教育课程的重要性以及几个人的看法。
4． 细节理解题。根据“and Grade 5-6 to master the skills of cooking two to three dishes”可知，5-6年级掌握2到3道菜的烹饪技巧，故选B。
5． 细节理解题。根据“However, at home, some students are unable to do the simplest housework, as their parents insist they should devote themselves to study.”可知，一些学生连最简单的家务都不会做，因为他们的父母坚持认为他们应该致力于学习。故选D。
6． 推理判断题。根据“It is important to make the housework class interesting, so that the students will really gain some practical skills.”可知，李认为让家务课变得有趣是很重要的，这样学生才能真正获得一些实用技能。故选D。
7． 主旨大意题。本文介绍家务教育课程的重要性以及几个人的看法，选项A“家务课程的重要性”符合主题，故选A。
8． C    
9． B    
10． A    
11． D
【导语】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了几种必要的可持续农业技术。
8． 推理判断题。根据“With smart irrigation technology, water can be put to good use. New irrigation systems with smart technology can report soil moisture(湿度) and temperature in real time. These new technologies help farmers properly take care of crops in a more efficient way.”可知，有了智能灌溉技术，水可以得到很好的利用。具有智能技术的新型灌溉系统可以实时报告土壤湿度和温度。这些新技术帮助农民以更有效的方式妥善照料作物。所以可以必要时帮助农民给庄稼浇水，故选C。
9． 推理判断题。根据“These devices have high-definition cameras that take pictures and videos. Through wireless control, just at home farmers can fly the drones over the fields and check on crops. If one area of crops isn’t doing well, farmers can quickly record the details and then spray chemicals with the help of the drones.”可知，这些设备有高清摄像头，可以拍照和视频。通过无线控制，农民在家里就可以让无人机飞越农田，查看农作物。如果某一地区的农作物长得不好，农民们可以迅速记录下细节，然后在无人机的帮助下喷洒化学品。所以“无人机以更有效的方式帮助农活”表述正确，故选B。
10． 细节理解题。根据“And they can contribute to the final goal of agricultural sustainability—that is to improve the environment.”可知，农业可持续发展的最终目标是改善环境，故选A。
11． 主旨大意题。本文主要介绍了几种必要的可持续农业技术，是为了强调可持续农业技术的重要性，故选D。
12． A    
13． B    
14． C    
15． A
【导语】本文主要介绍了吹糖人这种传统艺术，讲述了传承人熊川发吹糖人的过程，并因此技能吸引了许多大学生，他希望自己能将这种传统文化继续传承下去。
12． 细节理解题。根据“In this special art form, the artist heats the syrup(糖浆) to a certain temperature, pulls off a small amount, makes it into a ball with an open center, presses the open area together and stretches it to form a tube. Then he blows air into the tube and makes it into different shapes.”可知，艺术家将糖浆加热到一定的温度，取出少量，使其成为一个中心开放的球，将开放的区域压在一起，拉伸成一个管状，然后他把空气吹进管子里，把它做成不同的形状。所以顺序是c-a-b-d ，故选A。
13． 推理判断题。根据“Simon, from Australia, was attracted by a sugar Bing Dwen Dwen, the mascot of the Beijing 2022 Winter Olympics, in Xiong’s stall. Simon couldn’t resist trying to make one himself.”可知，来自澳大利亚的西蒙被北京2022年冬奥会吉祥物“糖冰墩墩”吸引住了，西蒙忍不住想自己做一个。所以resist的意思是“抵挡”，故选B。
14． 细节理解题。根据“We try to combine paper-cutting skills and modern elements(元素) with sugar figurines”可知，熊尝试将剪纸技巧和现代元素与糖人相结合，故选C。
15． 最佳标题题。本文主要介绍吹糖人这种传统艺术，讲述了传承人熊川发吹糖人的过程，故选A。
16． C    
17． A    
18． B
【分析】文章是介绍有关酒吧举办的智力测试的游戏的情况，包括游戏的起源、规则、好处等。
16． 细节理解题。根据“But whatever the reason, pub owners now say they hold quiz nights because quizzers drink like fish, so it is good business for them.”可知，这个活动可以为他们的业务提供一个很好的机会，故选C。
17． 推理判断题。根据“people answer questions in teams. A lot of the time, people choose funny names for their teams.”可知，测试者会给自己的团队取有趣的名字，故选A。
18． 细节理解题。根据“...Try to have a mix of men and women, and no more than five people.”以及“always trust your first answer, and don’t think about it too much.”可知，要明智地选择你的团队是非常重要的。尽量男女混合，不要超过五个人，并且要总是相信第一个答案，不要想太多。故选B。
19． A    
20． D    
21． C    
22． B
【分析】本文介绍了烹饪对人们身体健康和心理健康的好处。
19． 细节理解题。根据“TV chef(大厨) and author Nadiya Hussain agrees that cooking is great for helping our mind”可知，她认为烹饪对我们的大脑有帮助，故选A。
20． 细节理解题。根据“creating some delicious food takes our mind off things and gives us something to do, helping us get through the recent lockdown”可知，是因为它们帮助人们摆脱不开心的事情，故选D。
21． 推理判断题。根据“She loves to bake and became the champion of the TV show, The Great British Bake Off”她热爱烘焙并且在这个电视节目中获得冠军，可知《The Great British Bake Off》是一个有关烹饪的节目，C表述正确，故选C。
22． 推理判断题。根据“cooking it, is proving to be good for our mental(心理的) health as well”及全文的描述可知，本文介绍了烹饪对人们的好处，是为了让读者享受烹饪的过程，故选B。
23． B    
24． D    
25． A    
26． C
【分析】本文主要讲述了为了满足人民群众对高标准产品的需求，需要把农业转向技术，文中列举了袁隆平团队在新疆和黑龙江等盐碱地种植水稻以及云南农民自动化完成所有的工作，更加验证了科学技术在未来将发挥更重要的作用。
23． 细节理解题。根据“Digital technology at the apple storage helps to group apples, which can keep the stability(稳定性) in the quality”可知，是科技让这种苹果更甜，汁更多，故选B。
24． 细节理解题。根据“as the country is meeting people’s increasing need for high standard products”可知，人们现在需要更多的优质农产品，故选D。
25． 推理判断题。根据“If China could put 6.67 million hectares of saline－alkali soil into rice production, it would be very likely to increase by around 30 million tons, a huge contribution to the country”可知，袁隆平带领团队成功在盐碱地种植水稻是对国家的一个巨大贡献，A选项表述正确，故选A。
26． 主旨大意题。通读全文可知，本文主要讲述了在科学和科技的帮助下，农业进入了高质量发展阶段，故选C。
27． A    
28． B    
29． D    
30． B
【分析】本文是一位父亲通过自己的亲身经历告诉儿子，成功的秘诀在于永不停止思考一项困难的或无聊的任务，稳步前进，以一个固定的决心成功。
27． 词义猜测题。根据“Be in earnest, and you will soon learn it. To show you that it only requires perseverance”可知，父亲希望儿子认真一点，只要有毅力，不断地去尝试，很快就会学会它，perseverance与the quality of continuing trying同义，故选A。
28． 细节理解题。根据“who had laid aside his book and was busy making a large paper kite”“Because it is so difficult, father. I am sure that I shall never learn it”“I will tell you a story”““Then I will try again.” said George, in a decided tone; and, flinging aside his half-made kite, he turned and re-entered the house”“as the family gathered around the tea-table”可知，正确的顺序是：他正在忙着做一个纸风筝—爸爸跟George聊天中知道儿子中途放弃了自己的课—爸爸告诉儿子自己的故事—George明白了爸爸所讲的故事及道理—家人围在茶桌旁。故选B。
29． 推理判断题。通读全文可知，爸爸看到儿子中途放弃了功课，并没有马上责怪儿子，而是通过讲述自己的故事来告诉儿子，要不断地去尝试，不能轻易地放弃，由此可见，这位父亲是和蔼和明智的，故选D。
30． 最佳标题。通读全文及本文反复出现“Try again”这个词，可知，父亲不断鼓励儿子再次尝试，不要中途放弃，所以“再次尝试”适合本文标题，故选B。
31． B    
32． C    
33． B
【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，主要介绍了四则利用废弃的材料制作成工艺品、家具等的故事。
31． 细节理解题。根据第三个故事“Our dad’s friend made the Little House for his daughter. It was made of wood and bricks which were thrown away. And when she grew up, he offered it to us”可知，爸爸的朋友给了我们由木头和砖建造的小房子。故选B。
32． 细节理解题。根据“carved a guitar neck from a scrap(废弃的) piece of wood…I walked past a rubbish bin and saw a folding (可折叠的) table lying there. I thought I could make something out of it…It was made of wood and bricks which were thrown away… I just made it from pieces lying around. The wheels were from two different scrapped carts’”可知，第一个故事中作者用废弃的材料做了一把吉他，第二个故事中作者用废弃的桌子给女儿做了张书桌，第三个故事中父亲的朋友用废弃的材料建造了一座小房子，第四个故事中作者用废弃的材料给儿子做了一个小木马。因此四个故事中都将废弃的材料充分利用了。故选C。
33． 推理判断题题。根据第三个故事“Our dad’s friend made the Little House for his daughter… I still remember the nice time in the Little House…When my children were growing up, they used to say… ”可知，父亲朋友的女儿、我、我的儿子和女儿曾经在小房子里玩耍，所以至少有四个孩子曾经在小房子里玩耍。故选B。
34． A    
35． D    
36． B    
37． C
【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，介绍了在疫情期间，非物质文化遗产——中国结艺术的传承人吕敏顺应潮流，在网上开启了中国结制作直播课程。
34． 题意：第1段中画线单词“livestreaming”的意思近似于________。
词句猜测题。根据原文Resting her phone on a stand and making the light more suitable, 49-year-old Lyu Min started her livestreaming session — her daily job during the COVID-19 outbreak可知，在疫情期间，吕敏通过手机进行中国结制作课程的直播。单词“livestreaming”此处意为“直播”。A选项sending out while happening“直播”符合题意，故选A。
35． 题意：根据本文内容，下列哪一项说法正确？
细节理解题。根据原文Lyu is quite new to the world of livestreaming, having bought all the necessary equipment(设备) after following her friends advice可知，吕敏是在朋友的建议下决定搞直播的，A选项“吕敏建议她的朋友在网上直播传统手工艺品”说法错误，可排除。根据原文Lyu is quite new to the world of livestreaming, having bought all the necessary equipment(设备) after following her friends advice可知，吕敏自己买的直播设备，B选项“吕敏的朋友们为她的直播提供了必要的设备”说法错误，可排除。根据原文Though the sales of Chinese knots have dropped a lot, I’m still confident that I can get out of the trouble brought by the outbreak可知，中国结的销量在疫情期间下滑了很多，C选项“吕敏工作室的中国结在网上卖得很好”说法错误，可排除。根据原文There are more and more Chinese knot lovers on her online platform可知，D选项“因为吕敏，越来越多的中国结爱好者想学这一项手工艺”说法正确，故选D。
36． 题意：吕敏认为中国结的前景怎么样？
推理判断题。根据原文As face-to-face interaction is still impractical for many, even as the outbreak has been largely brought under control in China, she thinks livestreaming classes can meet more Chinese knot lovers’ needs to learn the handicraft可知，吕敏认为会有越来越多的人对制作中国结感兴趣，所以线上直播课程是很有必要的，由此可推断她认为中国结的前景是很有希望的。B选项Hopeful“有希望的”符合题意，故选B。
37． 题意：本文的最佳标题是？
最佳标题。通读全文可知，本文是一篇记叙文，介绍了在疫情期间，非物质文化遗产——中国结艺术的传承人吕敏顺应潮流，在网上开启了中国结制作直播课程。C选项Livestreaming the art of making Chinese knots“直播制作中国结的艺术”符合题意，故选C。
38． A    
39． A    
40． B    
41． D
【分析】这是一篇说明文，文章通过举例来告诉读者理解物理变化和化学变化。
38． 推理判断题。根据第一段“If a material goes through a physical change, it is still the same material. During a chemical change, one kind of matter changes into another completely different kind of matter. For example, when we burn wood or cook fish, materials change”及第二段“For example, melted cheese has gone through a physical change. It gets softer when it is heated but it is still the same type of material”可知溶解的冰淇淋仍是相同的材料，没有发生变化。燃烧的纸、烹饪苹果派和烹饪牛排发生了物质的变化，故选A。
39． 推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“In the course of making cakes, the dry ingredients are mixed first”，最后一段 “Next, the carrots may be added to the cake” ，“The other ingredients in the carrot cake are oil and eggs” ，“Once the cake mixture is formed, it’s poured into a cake pan and baked in an oven” ，“The heat from the oven has caused chemical changes to take place” 及“The cake is finished and the ingredients cannot be separated”可知顺序是The dry ingredients are mixed干的材料被混合；   Carrots, oil and eggs are added添加胡萝卜、油和鸡蛋；The mixture is poured into a pan 混合物倒入平底锅；The heat from the oven causes chemical changes 烤炉的热量引起化学变化； The ingredients cannot be separated材料不能被分开，正确的顺序是b-a-h-f-g，故选A。
40． 推理判断题。根据第二段“The carbon gives the bread a dark color and a crunchy texture (质地). The water goes into the air” 可知只有碳让面包颜色变深，变得松脆。A选项表述错误。 根据最后一段“This mixture can be separated into its different components” 可知B选项表述正确。 根据第一段“The food we eat has many different natural chemicals. Many of the chemicals in food are necessary parts of a healthy die” 食物中的化学物质是健康饮食里的必要部分，C选项“bad”表述错误。根据倒数第二段“In the course of making cakes, the dry ingredients are mixed first. They are flour, sugar, salt, baking soda, baking powder and spices. Flour gives the cake structure. Sugar helps to make it sweet. Salt strengthens the cake batter”盐和糖都可以被放进去，D选项表述错误。故选B。
41． 推理判断题。根据第一段“Do you like Physics or Chemistry? Matter is always changing, either physically or chemically”可知文章主要告诉读者理解物理变化和化学变化。故选D。
42． C    
43． D    
44． B    
45． D
【分析】本文讲述了赫尔曼通过自己的努力和不断尝试，向中国的盒马生鲜输送自己种植的胡椒，并且呼吁更多的卢旺达人加入到这个领域，以此来改变他们的生活。
42． 推理判断题。根据Africa Hema Village这个名字，可推断出这个地方与“盒马”有关，排除B和D选项。再结合下文but if they grow hot peppers due to Hema’s orders，中国的盒马给赫尔曼提供了许多订单，这个地方应该是给盒马生产胡椒的地方。故选C。
43． 细节理解题。根据Transporting fresh hot peppers to China proved difficult, so the fresh peppers can’t be imported (进口) into China，可知，因为运输新鲜的胡椒到中国很困难，很容易变坏，所以在运往中国之前要先加工。故选D。
44． 细节理解题。根据but if they grow hot peppers due to Hema’s orders, they can make 50 to 60 yuan a day，可知，如果人们种植胡椒，每天可以得到50-60人名币，结算成美元，一周大约是50-60美元，排除A选项。一年大约是600-720美元，排除C选项。一个月约1500-1800人民币，B选项正确。半年大约是9000-10800人民币，排除D选项。故选B。
45． 推理判断题。根据“It’s a chance for Rwandan people to join the new field and change their lives,” Herman said, “Through building more Hema Villages, Rwanda has the chance to become a country of digital agriculture.”可知，通过自己种植胡椒的经验，赫尔曼呼吁更多的卢旺达人加入到这个新领域，以此来改变他们的生活，让卢旺达成为一个数字农业的国家。由此可推断，赫尔曼想做些事情提供卢旺达人们的生活水平。故选D。