2022张家口宣化一中高三上学期期初考试英语试题含答案

这是一份2022张家口宣化一中高三上学期期初考试英语试题含答案，共24页。试卷主要包含了阅读理解，阅读七选五，完形填空，语法填空，书面表达等内容，欢迎下载使用。
2021-2022学年上学期宣化一中高三期初考试
英语试卷
一、阅读理解（本大题共15小题，共37.5分）
A
From service robots in virtual stands to 5 G applications displayed in cloud booths （展台），several innovations stood out at the 2020 China International Fair for Trade in Services （CIFTIS），which was held from Sept 4 to 9 in Beijing.Themed "Global Services,Shared Prosperity"，the event has presented many cutting-edge technologies.Let's take a look.
AI-powered garbage-sorting robot
It can detect and sort the garbage on the conveyor belt and then throw it into different dustbins.For example,it will put plastic bottles and containers into recyclable dustbins.With advanced technologies such as cloud computing and robot automation,the robot can sort through garbage with an accuracy of 98 percent,which will significantly reduce operating costs and improve efficiency.
Bionic （仿生的）machine shark
A dark gray,life-size "shark"，was also displayed at CIFTIS.This bionic shark can move forward by imitating the swinging motion of fish tails.It has a maximum speed of six knots （about 11 kilometers per hour），which is much faster than the average speed of about two knots of other bionic submersible （潜水的）vehicles.It is equipped with lighting,a camera system and imaging sonar （声呐），which can be used for underwater searches,seafloor mapping and underwater shooting.
Driver fatigue （疲劳）warning system
A warning system to prevent people from falling asleep while driving was introduced at the fair.It can judge whether the driver is sleepy by monitoring how long the driver's eyes close or if his or her head drops.If the driver enters a state of fatigue,the system will immediately sound an alarm until the driver's eyes reopen and he or she starts to blink at a normal frequency.In the future,other dangerous driving behaviors,such as not wearing a seat belt and making phone calls while driving,might also be added into this warning system.
1. What can we know about the 2020 CIFTIS？ ______
A. It was held online.
B. It lasted for more than a week.
C. It highlighted advanced technologies.
D. It used service robots to assist people.
2. What is the main feature of the AI-powered garbage-sorting robot？ ______
A. High accuracy.
B. Easy operation.
C. Safe recycling process.
D. Extremely low operating costs.
3. How does the warning system identify fatigued drivers？ ______
A. By using a bionic machine.
B. By examining the driver with imaging sonar.
C. By monitoring the driver's brain activity.
D. By analyzing the driver's body movements.
B
No one can promise that life will be fair.But no matter what happens,follow the example set by Rehan Staton,and never lose sight of your goal.
Staton,a 24-year-old former sanitation （环卫）worker in Maryland,US，recently celebrated his acceptance into Harvard Law School.Staton's life was relatively normal until a series of setbacks impacted his family life and studies. "Things were pretty good until I was 8 years old.My mom abandoned my dad,my brother and me when she moved back to Sri Lanka," he said.When he was in seventh grade,a teacher even recommended that he be placed in special education classes.His brother Reggie then brainstormed ways to help boost his grades.An aerospace engineer also offered to tutor him free of charge.Staton's grades did improve and he became an honor student.
However,he was rejected by every college he had applied for.So to help support himself and his family,Staton began working at a sanitation company.He spent his days transporting trash and cleaning dustbins,waking up every morning to get dressed around 4 a.m.. "The sanitation workers were the only people in my life who told me I could be somebody," Staton said, "They would say,'You're too young to be here.Go to college,and come back if it doesn't work out'".The son of the company's owner helped Staton contact a professor at Bowie State University,and the university eventually accepted Staton.Things began to look up.Two years later,he transferred to the University of Maryland to continue pursuing his undergraduate degree.But Staton still struggled to pay for his father's medical bills.He'd work in the morning and take classes in the afternoon.
After graduation,Staton worked at a national consulting firm while applying for law school.He plans to start at Harvard this fall,where he will major in sports law to pursue his dream of becoming a sports agent. "For Rehan,the sky is truly the limit.Whatever he chooses to do in the future,he will definitely achieve," said a chief operating officer of Staton's firm.
For anyone looking for inspiration during difficult times,Staton recommends to "love yourself enough to get what you want out of life," he told news outlet ABC. "You can always see the light in any dark situation,and you need to hold on to that light."
4. What does the underlined word "setbacks" in paragraph 2 probably mean？ ______
A. blows B. fights C. opportunities D. achievements
5. Why did Rehan Staton work as a sanitation worker？ ______
A. To gain some work experience.
B. To help lighten his family's financial burdens.
C. To save money for his college education.
D. To help the sanitation workers who once helped him.
6. Which words can best describe Rehan Staton？ ______
A. Cautious and modest. B. Warm-hearted and easygoing.
C. Inventive and diligent. D. Strong-minded and optimistic.
7. What is the author's purpose in writing this article？ ______
A. To share tips on how to get admitted into Harvard.
B. To persuade readers to get support when in need.
C. To encourage readers not to bend to hardships in life.
D. To show the importance of working with the right people.
C
In ancient times,our ancestors relied on stars to guide them on a clear night.Today,we have navigational systems to help us find our way,with the latest being the Beidou Navigation Satellite System （BDS）.
The BDS is entirely built by Chinese engineers.With the launch of the last satellite from the Xichang Satellite Launch Center on June 23，the global network of 59 satellites has been completed.On July 31，Beidou started providing full-scale global services.It's difficult to imagine the great impact those satellites,orbiting the Earth,have on our daily lives.
When you unlock one of Hellobike's bicycles,you are using the BDS.The popular bike-sharing company came out with two new bike models this year that are equipped with the positioning service.
"The intelligent lock on each bike receives Beidou satellite signals and sends positioning information to the data center,which will help collect big data on the bikes and estimate users' riding demands in advance according to the data," Chu Yiqun,a manager of Hellobike told Xinhua News Agency.Users can also find shared bikes more accurately thanks to Beidou's global positioning accuracy of 2.34 meters.
However,the BDS doesn't just work one way.As the country's largest space-based system and one of four global navigation networks,along with the United States' GPS，Russia's GLONASS and the European Union's Galileo,Beidou adopts a unique two-way communication system,including its ability to receive messages sent by people from areas with poor communication signals.Obviously,this exclusive function isn't designed for users to chat online.Instead,it plays a role when disasters occur and communications are blocked.
After the Wenchuan earthquake in 2008，all ground-based communication facilities were interrupted.Though the first generation of Beidou could only send 120 characters in a single message at that time,communication between affected areas and rescue centers was successful.Now,Beidou's messaging capacity has been increased to 1，200 Chinese characters in a single message.It is widely used in disaster alarms,automatic identification and information release.
As Sun Jiadong,former chief designer of the BDS said： "The application of Beidou is only limited by imagination."
8. What can we learn about the BDS from the article？ ______
A. It was co-developed by Chinese and American engineers.
B. It works better when the weather is good.
C. Its last satellite was launched on July 31.
D. It's able to provide global coverage for navigation.
9. Why does the author mention Hellobike in paragraph 3？ ______
A. To highlight the two-way communication system of the BDS.
B. To show how the BDS makes people's daily lives easier.
C. To present the benefits and limitations of the BDS.
D. To explain how the BDS works.
10. What is the function of Beidou's two-way communication system？ ______
A. To allow users to chat online more freely.
B. To make communication more fun.
C. To help people when communication signals are poor.
D. To collect feedback from users.
11. What does Sun Jiadong imply in the last paragraph？ ______
A. Beidou may be more helpful than we know.
B. Beidou stimulates users' imagination.
C. Beidou needs to be further perfected.
D. Beidou is limited in application.
D
Hollywood films have long since dominated the entertainment world ---from blockbusters （大片）that bring in huge ticket sales at the box office to the celebrated films that sweep the Oscars.But lately,Asian movies have shown they are,a force to be considered.Introducing fascinating themes and special effects,the Asian film industry is making its mark globally.
In 2019，Chinese sci-fi movie The Wandering Earth stood atop （在顶上）global box offices,earning more than ＄385 million （about 2，727 million yuan） in a week.In 2020，the South-Korean film Parasite won four Oscars at the 2020 Academy Awards,including Best International Feature Film and Best Picture and became the first Non-English-language film to win the latter category in the awards,92-year history.
As China Daily noted,these Asian movies are notable as they "not only go after local markets,but also seek to make Asian dramas more accessible to Western viewers".With the help of 3 D techniques,the special effects featured in The Wandering Earth are surprising — ranging from collapsing ice and frozen buildings to a gorgeous view of the universe.The film's visual effects are impressive and have been called a milestone in Chinese sci-fi films by foreign media.The New York Times said that with such special effects, "China has joined the global competition for sci-fi movies".
The right combination of global theme and local flavor also leads to Asian films' latest success.Parasite minors a global social problem ——the gap between the rich and the poor.Yet unlike such films in the West,which are often shown in the documentary format,it was shot as a "tragicomedy" that creates humor in a film about poverty,desperation and debt.
The Wandering Earth combines a sudden global crisis and a creative solution like other sci-fi films.In Hollywood movies,telling such stories often takes the perspective of individualism,which is to show human perseverance and courage from self-salvation （自我救赎）.But The Wandering Earth focuses more on the collectivist perspective,that is,self-sacrifice for achieving greater public interest and public goals.
These movies' achievements have shown that "international audiences can actually accept things not considered as mainstream in Western culture"，Cai Gongming,president of the Beijing film company Road Pictures told China Daily. "It looks as if the momentum（势头）of Asian movies will continue to expand."
12. What is the text mainly about？ ______
A. The differences between Asian and Western movies.
B. The similarities of Asian and Western movies.
C. Asian movies' growing influence across the world.
D. A comparison of two Asian movies.
13. What can we learn about The Wandering Earth from the text？ ______
A. It shows China has taken the lead in special effects technology.
B. Its visual effects marked the development of Chinese sci-fi movies.
C. It's the first Non-English-language movie to win an Oscar for Best Picture.
D. It shows there's still room for improvement in China's sci-fi movies.
14. How is Parasite different from Western movies？ ______
A. It combines humor and tragic issues.
B. It was shot as a documentary.
C. It presents themes that aren't mainstream.
D. It focuses on global social problems.
15. What is Cai Gongming's attitude toward the future of Asian movies？ ______
A. Uncertain. B. Cautious. C. Worried. D. Optimistic.
二、阅读七选五（本大题共5小题，共12.5分）
Want to look smarter？Here are some tips from the latest studies.
(1)
"Smart people have good vocabularies," says Daniel Oppenheimer,professor of cognitive psychology. "People think：if I can show that I have a good vocabulary,I'll sound smarter." But Oppenheimer's research shows that authors are thought to be smarter when their writing is easier to understand. (2) .
"People associate intelligence with clarity of expression," he adds,also noting that smarter people do use longer words in their writing,but their aim is to write clearly.
Have a genuine smile
People whose smiles seem authentic are judged to be more intelligent than people whose smiles seem fake,according to a study.There's no correlation between smiles and being smart；judgments are fueled by hunches （直觉）.
(3) ，says a study author.The so-called "halo（光环）" effect：if they have a spontaneously favorable impression of a person — and authentic smiles can lead to a rapid favorable response ---they tend to judge other characteristics,such as intelligence of the person,also more positively.
Make eye contact
If someone looks at you while you're talking,you're more likely to think he is smarter.
"Good eye contact means the other person is responsive to what you are doing or saying," Wojcicki says. " (4) .No wonder that having such a choice,most of us prefer to think that he is dumb."
(5) .Researchers found that those who maintained eye contact rated higher on IQ tests than those people who avoided someone's gaze.

A.Communicate clearly
B.Be an enthusiastic talker
C.This view may be grounded in truth
D.Using big words just to impress may have the opposite effect
E.People often rely on some biases when forming impressions
F.People who always smile genuinely tend to have other good qualities
G.If he is not responsive,this means that either you are dull or he is dumb
16.  A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G
17.  A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G
18.  A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G
19.  A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G
20.  A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G
三、完形填空（本大题共15小题，共15.0分）
What is a true winner？We may be very familiar of Honda Motors.They're everywhere,from cars to motorcycles.But do you know the real story of how (21) it was for Mr.Soichiro Honda to establish Honda Motors？
Like most other countries,Japan was badly (22) by the Great Depression of the 1930s.In 1938，Soichiro Honda was still in school,when he (23) a little workshop,developing the concept of the piston ring.His plan was to sell the idea to Toyota.He(24) night and day,even slept in the workshop,always believing he could (25) his design and produce a (26) product.He was married by now,and pawned （典当）his wife's jewelry for working (27).
Finally,came the day and he completed his piston ring and was able to take a(28)sample to Toyota,only to be told that the (29) did not meet their standards!Soichiro went back to school and(30) ridicule when the engineers laughed at his design.He refused to give up.Rather than (31) his failure,he continued working towards his(32).Then,after two more years of (33) and redesign,he won a contract with Toyota.
Today,Honda Corporation employs over 100，000 people in the USA and Japan,and is one of the world's largest automobile companies.Honda succeeded because one man made a truly(34) decision,acted upon it,and made adjustments on a continuous basis.Failure was(35)not considered a possibility.
21.  A. challenging B. interesting C. disturbing D. caring
22.  A. beaten B. stuck C. hit D. tied
23.  A. sent B. started C. made D. set
24.  A. calculated B. interviewed C. searched D. labored
25.  A. perfect B. prefer C. enjoy D. beautify
26.  A. worthwhile B. meaningful C. worthy D. wealthy
27.  A. benefit B. capital C. behavior D. interest
28.  A. inspiring B. studying C. practicing D. working
29.  A. rings B. materials C. events D. things
30.  A. appreciated B. enjoyed C. lost D. suffered
31.  A. carry on B. take on C. focus on D. drop on
32.  A. decision B. goal C. hesitation D. direction
33.  A. struggle B. job C. guess D. regret
34.  A. admitted B. committed C. demanding D. crossing
35.  A. slightly B. roughly C. nearly D. simply
四、语法填空（本大题共1小题，共15.0分）
36. President Xi Jinping signed a presidential order on Tuesday（1）______（ award） four people national medals and honorary titles for （2）______（ they） outstanding contributions to fighting the COVID-19 pandemic.
Zhong Nanshan,84，（3）______ excellent disease expert,was awarded the Medal of the Republic,the highest national honor,for his outstanding work（4）______ fighting COVID-19 in China.Three others were also awarded the "People's Hero" national honorary title for helping fight against the novel coronavirus （新冠病毒）.They are Zhang Boli,a（5）______（tradition） Chinese medicine expert；Zhang Dingyu,head of Wuhan′s Jinyintan Hospital；and Chen Wei,a medical scientist （6）______ made major achievements in COVID-19-related basic research.
Zhong also has long been devoted to the research,prevention and treatment of major infectious and chronic respiratory diseases（慢性呼吸病），and has a long record of（7）______（achievement）.He was a major figure in the fight against the severe acute respiratory syndrome （综合症状）outbreak in 2003 in China.
（ 8）______（follow） the COVID-19 outbreak,the Chinese government encouraged the country to contain the disease in Wuhan,Hubei province,after the city was locked down in late January.More than 42，000 medical workers from across the country（9）______（ send） to Hubei to fight the disease.The pandemic has been （10）______（ effective） placed under control on the Chinese mainland since early March.
五、书面表达（本大题共2小题，共40.0分）
37. 最近国家教育部明确指出：将来体育课也必须布置作业，确保学生掌握运动技能。你班同学对此进行了热烈的讨论。你校英文报刊对此向中学生征文，标题是"My Opinion on Assigning Homework for PE".请根据下列提示用英语写一篇征文稿，要点提示：
1.对体育课布置作业表示赞成；
2.陈述布置体育作业的必要性；
3.你喜欢什么样的体育作业。
注意：
1.写作词数应为80左右；
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
参考词汇：国家教育部the Ministry of Education
My Opinion on Assigning Homework for PE_________.
38. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
"Pick up the pace!" said Amy's husband."But I can't!" Amy said,her heart beating quickly inside. "I can't go any faster!Her husband encouraged her. "Yes,you can!You're making progress every day."
To help Amy stay healthy,her husband had been running with her for over two years.Several years ago,Amy could barely walk down the stairs of her apartment building due to fatness caused by eating disorders.She realized the problem after a failed job interview and began walking to improve her ability to move.At first,she could walk for only 15 minutes at a time.But she pushed herself every day,walking 5 minutes longer than she did the day before until she walked for an hour and eventually two.For three years,Amy kept her walking habit,slowly and painstakingly building her body shape.Then she changed her walking shoes to running shoes about two years ago and became an excellent runner.
In March 2001，an advertisement invited people to nominate（提名）an ordinary person who inspired them to bring the Olympic flame to Salt Lake City as torch bearers（火炬手）or support runners.（Support runners serve as "guardians of the flame" and run with torch bearers along the journey.）Amy's experiences touched her husband,so he nominated her to be a torch bearer.The possibility to be selected was low,but Amy wanted to try.
Running taught Amy the importance of training for a race.She pictured herself running a race and crossing the finish line.For months,she ran through her neighborhood carrying a broken-off broom handle,feeling the weight of the torch.She waved at her neighbors,pretending they were cheering crowds.She also printed a picture of a torch bearer wearing the white uniform,replaced the face with a picture of hers,and put it onto her refrigerator door.
Every day,Amy imagined herself as a torch bearer.She was training for a historic running event.On September 26th,while on her daily run through her neighborhood,an express package arrived.
注意：
1.续写词数应为150左右；
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Paragraph 1：
Amy opened it and found a letter and a book on the Olympics.______________
Paragraph 2：
"One of today's torch bearers can't run her part, " announced the relay organize.__________












2021-2022学年上学期宣化一中高三期初考试
英语试卷答案和解析
1.【答案】
【小题1】C
【小题2】A
【小题3】D


【解析】（1）C.推理判断题。根据第一段From service robots in virtual stands to 5 G applications displayed in cloud booths （展台），several innovations stood out at the 2020 China International Fair for Trade in Services （CIFTIS），which was held from Sept 4 to 9 in Beijing.Themed "Global Services,Shared Prosperity"，the event has presented many cutting-edge technologies.Let's take a look.从虚拟展位上的服务机器人到云台上展示的5 G应用程序，在9月4日至9日于北京举行的2020中国国际服务贸易博览会上，几项创新脱颖而出。主题为"全球服务，共享繁荣"，这项活动展示了许多尖端技术。让我们来看一看吧。可知，关于2020年中国国际服务贸易博览会，我们能知道它强调先进技术，故选C。
（2）A.推理判断题。根据第三段With advanced technologies such as cloud computing and robot automation,the robot can sort through garbage with an accuracy of 98 percent,which will significantly reduce operating costs and improve efficiency.借助云计算和机器人自动化等先进技术，机器人能够以98%的准确率分拣垃圾，这将大大降低运营成本，提高效率。可知，人工智能垃圾分拣机器人的主要特点高度准确。A.High accuracy高精度；B.Easy operation操作简单；C.Safe recycling process安全回收过程；D.Extremely low operating costs极低的运营成本，故选A。
（3）D.推理判断题。根据最后一段It can judge whether the driver is sleepy by monitoring how long the driver's eyes close or if his or her head drops.If the driver enters a state of fatigue,the system will immediately sound an alarm until the driver's eyes reopen and he or she starts to blink at a normal frequency.它可以通过监测司机眼睛闭上的时间或他或她的头是否下垂来判断司机是否昏昏欲睡。如果驾驶员进入疲劳状态，系统将立即发出警报，直到驾驶员的眼睛重新睁开，并开始以正常频率闪烁。可知，警告系统通过分析驾驶员的身体运动来识别疲劳的驾驶员。故选D。
本文是一篇广告布告类阅读，主要介绍了2020中国国际服务贸易博览会上展示的几项尖端科技。
做这类题材阅读理解时要求考生对文章通读一遍，做题时结合原文和题目有针对性的找出相关语句进行仔细分析，结合选项选出正确答案。切忌胡乱猜测，一定要做到有理有据。

4.【答案】
【小题1】A
【小题2】B
【小题3】D
【小题4】C


【解析】（1）A.词义猜测题。根据原文第二段划线处上句中的Staton's life was relatively normal（他的生活相对来说是正常的），由此可知，在一系列的事情发生之前，他的生活是很好的；后文又提到My mom abandoned my dad,my brother and me when she moved back to Sri Lanka,（在自己8岁的时候，妈妈抛弃了父亲，哥哥和自己，）可知，影响自己生活和学习的那一系列事情是不好的事情，是一系列的打击。A.blows打击；B.fights打斗；C.opportunities机会；D.achievements成就。故选A。
（2）B.细节理解题。根据原文第三段第二句中的to help support himself and his family,Staton began working at a sanitation company（为了支持他和家人，他开始在环卫公司工作），由本句可知，他在环卫公司工作，目的是为了给家庭增加收入，B项符合原文。故选B。
（3）D.推理判断题。根据原文最后一段提到Staton对人们的建议Staton recommends to "love yourself enough to get what you want out of life,（他建议"要足够地爱自己，然后去生活中获取自己想要的东西"，）可知Staton经历了生活中一系列的打击，仍然建议人们要爱自己，要努力，因此可知Staton是坚强的，乐观的。故选D。
（4）C.目的意图题。根据原文第一段提到no matter what happens,follow the example set by Rehan Staton,and never lose sight of your goal.（无论发生什么，都要以Rehan为榜样，永远不要忘记自己的目标），所以作者讲述了Staton的故事，是为了给大家树立榜样，鼓励大家要向文章主人公一样，在困难面前保持积极乐观且不放弃的态度，故选C。
这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了24岁的Staton通过自己的努力，一步步战胜生活中的困境，从环卫工人开始，到最终被大学录取的励志故事。
做这类阅读理解，要求考生对文章通读一遍，做题时结合原文和题目有针对性的找出相关语句进行仔细分析，结合选项选出正确答案。

8.【答案】
【小题1】D
【小题2】B
【小题3】C
【小题4】A


【解析】（1）D.细节理解题。根据原文第一段Today,we have navigational systems to help us find our way,with the latest being the Beidou Navigation Satellite System （BDS）.（今天，我们用最新的是北斗导航卫星系统导航系统帮助我们找到方向）以及第二段的On July 31，Beidou started providing full-scale global services.（ 7月31日，北斗开始全面提供全球服务）可知，北斗能够提供全球范围的导航。故选D。
（2）B.推理判断题。根据第三段When you unlock one of Hellobike's bicycles,you are using the BDS.The popular bike-sharing company came out with two new bike models this year that are equipped with the positioning service.（当你打开Hellobike的一辆自行车时，你就在使用北斗系统。这家广受欢迎的共享单车公司今年推出了两款配备了定位服务的新自行车。）及第四段 "The intelligent lock on each bike receives Beidou satellite signals and sends positioning information to the data center,which will help collect big data on the bikes and estimate users' riding demands in advance according to the data," Chu Yiqun,a manager of Hellobike told Xinhua News Agency.（Hellobike经理褚益群在接受新华社采访时表示："每辆自行车上的智能锁接收北斗卫星信号，并将定位信息发送到数据中心，这将有助于收集自行车上的大数据，并根据数据提前估计用户的骑行需求。"）可推知，作者在第三段提到Hellobike的原因是展示BDS如何使人们的日常生活更轻松方便。故选B。
（3）C.细节理解题。根据原文第四段中Beidou adopts a unique two-way communication system,including its ability to receive messages sent by people from areas with poor communication signals.Obviously,this exclusive function isn't designed for users to chat online.Instead,it plays a role when disasters occur and communications are blocked.（北斗采用了一种独特的双向通信系统，包括接收来自通信信号差地区的人们发送的信息的能力。显然，这个独特的功能不是为用户在线聊天而设计的。相反，它在灾难发生、通讯受阻时发挥作用）可知，北斗双向通信系统的功能是在通讯信号弱时帮助人们。故选C。
（4）A.推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中It is widely used in disaster alarms,automatic identification and information release.（它广泛应用于灾害报警、自动识别和信息发布等领域）以及最后一段As Sun Jiadong,former chief designer of the BDS said："The application of Beidou is only limited by imagination."（正如BDS前总设计师孙家栋所言："北斗的应用仅限于想象。"）因此可以推出北斗应用可能更加广泛，也就是说北斗可能比我们了解的更有帮助。因此，孙家栋在最后一段的意思是北斗可能比我们所知道的更有帮助。故选A。
这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了最新的北斗导航卫星系统导航系统。
做这类阅读理解，要求考生对文章通读一遍，做题时结合原文和题目有针对性的找出相关语句进行仔细分析，结合选项选出正确答案。

12.【答案】
【小题1】C
【小题2】B
【小题3】A
【小题4】D


【解析】（1）C.主旨大意题。根据第一段" But lately,Asian movies have shown they are a force to be considered.Introducing fascinating themes and special effects,the Asian film industry is making its mark globally."但最近，亚洲电影展示了它的实力，一股值得考虑的力量。凭借精彩的主题和特效，亚洲电影产业正在走向世界。可知，第一段直接引出主题，后文都在介绍亚洲电影对世界的影响。结合选项，故选C。
（2）B.细节理解题。根据第三中的"The film's visual effects are impressive and have been called a milestone in Chinese sci-fi films by foreign media."这部电影的视觉效果令人印象深刻，被外国称为中国科幻的里程碑。可知，《流浪地球》这部电影的视觉效果标志了中国科技电影的发展。结合选项，故选B。
（3）A.细节理解题。根据文章第四段"Yet unlike such films in the West,which are often shown in the documentary format,it was shot as a "tragicomedy" that creates humor in a film about poverty,desperation and debt."但与西方的此纪录片不同，这部影片拍摄成一部"悲喜剧"，在一部关于贫穷、绝望和债务的影片中创造出幽默。可知，Parasite不同与西方电影的是它融合了悲喜元素。结合选项，故选A。
（4）D.观点态度题。根据最后一段"Cai Gongming,president of the Beijing film company Road Pictures told China Daily. "It looks as if the momentum（势头） of Asian movies will continue to expand.""北方路影业公司总裁蔡公名在接受《中国日报》采访时表示。"看来亚洲电影的势头将继续扩大。"可知，他对亚洲电影的态度是积极的。结合选项，A.Uncertain.不确定的；B.Cautious.谨慎的；C.Worried.担心的；D.Optimistic.积极的。故选D。
本文是说明文，主要介绍了亚洲电影的发展对世界的影响。
阅读理解题测试考生在阅读基础上的逻辑推理能力，要求考生根据文章所述事件的逻辑关系，对未说明的趋势或结局作出合理的推断；或根据作者所阐述的观点理论，对文章未涉及的现象、事例给以解释。考生首先要仔细阅读短文，完整了解信息，准确把握作者观点。

16.【答案】
【小题1】A
【小题2】D
【小题3】E
【小题4】G
【小题5】C


【解析】（1）A．主旨判断题。本空为本段小标题，根据后文"‘People associate intelligence with clarity of expression,' he adds,also noting that smarter people do use longer words in their writing,but their aim is to write clearly.（他补充道："人们把聪明和表达清晰联系在一起。"他还指出，聪明的人确实在写作中使用较长的单词，但他们的目标是写清楚）"可知，本段主要说明的一个聪明的特征是，聪明人能够表达清晰，让人们更容易与之沟通。故A选项"能够清楚沟通"符合小标题，故选A。
（2）D．细节理解题。根据上文"But Oppenheimer's research shows that authors are thought to be smarter when their writing is easier to understand.（但是奥本海默的研究表明，作者的作品越容易理解，他们就被认为越聪明）"可知，作品越容易理解的人越聪明，作品简单说明用词简单易懂，故本句承接上一句说明用大词可能并不容易让人理解，产生相反的效果，故D选项"用大词来给人留下深刻印象可能会有相反的效果"符合语境，故选D。
（3）E．推理判断题。根据上文"People whose smiles seem authentic are judged to be more intelligent than people whose smiles seem fake,according to a study.There's no correlation between smiles and being smart；judgments are fueled by hunches.（一项研究表明，笑得真诚的人被认为比假笑的人更聪明。微笑和聪明之间没有联系，判断是由直觉推动的）"以及后文"The so-called ‘halo' effect：if they have a spontaneously favorable impression of a person — and authentic smiles can lead to a rapid favorable response—they tend to judge other characteristics,such as intelligence of the person,also more positively.（所谓的"光环"效应：如果他们对一个人有自发的好感——真诚的微笑可以导致快速的好感反应——他们倾向于更积极地评价其他人的特征，比如这个人的智力）"可知，上文提到对他人的判断是由直觉推动的，后文则提到对人的"光环"效应，故本句是在说明人们对他人的印象形成是由某些偏见而形成的，故E选项"人们在形成印象时，往往依赖于某些偏见"符合语境，故选E。
（4）G．细节理解题。根据上文"If someone looks at you while you're talking,you're more likely to think he is smarter. ‘Good eye contact means the other person is responsive to what you are doing or saying,' Wojcicki says. "（如果有人在你说话的时候看着你，你更有可能认为他更聪明。沃西基说："良好的眼神交流意味着对方会对你所做的或所说的做出回应。"）"后文"most of us prefer to think that he is dumb.（我们大多数人宁愿认为他是哑巴）"可知，上文提到眼神交流会产生回应的情况，本句应承接上文继续说明如何回应的问题，且上文中responsive可对应到G选项中responsive,后文中he is dumb可对应到G选项中he is dumb。故G选项"如果他没有反应，这意味着要么是你太迟钝，要么他是哑巴"符合语境，故选G。
（5）C．细节理解题。根据后文"Researchers found that those who maintained eye contact rated higher on IQ tests than those people who avoided someone's gaze.（研究人员发现，那些保持眼神交流的人在智商测试中的得分要高于那些回避他人目光的人） "可知，后文的研究发现表明，上文提到的聪明人更倾向于保持眼神交流的观点有了事实依据的支持，故C选项"这一观点可能有事实根据"符合语境，故选C。
这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了最新研究发现的关于聪明人的一些特征。
做七选五题目时要注意以下规则：1．放进去通顺，这一点是基础，凡不通顺的必错无疑；2、选项中有单词、词组、句子成分或与所选答案所在段内容重合；3、选项与其上句或下句之间有必然的逻辑关系；4、选项全部内容都属于正确答案所在段，有时备选答案中可能含有甲乙两项内容，这时，只有当甲和乙都归属于本段时，答案才是正确的。

21.【答案】
【小题1】A
【小题2】C
【小题3】D
【小题4】B
【小题5】A
【小题6】C
【小题7】B
【小题8】D
【小题9】A
【小题10】D
【小题11】C
【小题12】B
【小题13】A
【小题14】B
【小题15】D


【解析】（1）A．考查形容词及语境理解。A.challenging有挑战的；B.interesting有趣的；C.disturbing烦人的；D.caring关心他人的。句意：但是你知道本田宗一郎先生为了建立本田株式会社经历了多大的挑战吗？从后文内容来看，主要讲述本田公司创始人创建该公司的历程，其过程是充满艰辛和挑战的。故选A项。
（2）C．考查动词及语境理解。A.beaten击败；B.stuck卡住，陷入；C.hit打击；D.tied系。句意：和其他大多数国家一样，日本在上世纪30年代的大萧条中也遭受重创。联系时代背景，这里显然指日本经济因大萧条而受到打击。故选C项。
（3）B．考查动词及语境理解。A.sent发送；B.started开始；C.made制造；D.set放置。句意：1938年，本田宗一郎还在上学，那时他开始经营一家小作坊。这里介绍本田宗一郎事业的开端，指他在上学期间开始经营自己的小作坊。故选B项。
（4）D．考查动词及语境理解。A.calculated计算；B.interviewed采访，面试；C.searched寻找；D.labored劳动，努力。句意：他日以继夜地劳作，甚至就睡在作坊里，始终坚信他能让自己的设计臻于完美并生产出有价值的产品。从后句的"even slept in the workshop"可知，这里指本田宗一郎为了实现自己的计划，付出了很多的劳动和努力，故选D项。
（5）A．考查动词及语境理解。A.perfect使完美，使熟练；B.prefer更喜欢；C.enjoy享受；D.beautify美化。句意：他日以继夜地劳作，甚至就睡在作坊里，始终坚信他能让自己的设计臻于完美并生产出有价值的产品。如此辛勤的付出，其目的显然是为了打造更加完美的设计。故选A项。
（6）C．考查形容词及语境理解。A.worthwhile值得的；B.meaningful有意义的；C.worthy值得的；D.wealthy富有的。句意：他日以继夜地劳作，甚至就睡在作坊里，始终坚信他能让自己的设计臻于完美并生产出有价值的产品。这里与第5小题句意顺承，要用worthy product表示"有价值的、应受到赏识的产品"。故选C项。
（7）B．考查名词及语境理解。A.benefit益处；B.capital资金；C.behavior行为，表现；D.interest兴趣。句意：他刚刚结婚，为了凑营运资金把妻子的珠宝都典当了。联系上文，本田宗一郎为自己的计划作筹备，这里要用working capital表示"营运资金"。故选B项。
（8）D．考查形容词及语境理解。A.inspiring鼓舞人心的；B.studying研究的，学习的；C.practicing在工作的，开业的；D.working工作上的，可运转的。句意：最终，日子到了，他完成了活塞环，可以把试验样品带去丰田了，却被告知这些活塞环不符合人家的要求！联系上一段中本田宗一郎要把活塞环卖给丰田公司，这里他完成了作品，应该要带上样品去丰田公司，working sample意为"工作样品，试验样品"。故选D项。
（9）A．考查名词及语境理解。A.rings环，戒指；B.materials材料；C.events事件；D.things事物。句意：最终，日子到了，他完成了活塞环，可以把试验样品带去丰田了，却被告知这些活塞环不符合人家的要求！根据前文Finally,came the day and he completed his piston ring可知这里指的是本田宗一郎带过去的活塞环样品不符合丰田公司的要求。故选A项。
（10）D．考查动词及语境理解。A.appreciated感激，欣赏；B.enjoyed享受；C.lost丢失，失去；D.suffered遭受。句意：宗一郎返回学校，工程师们嘲笑他的设计，他受尽了奚落。ridicule意为"嘲笑，奚落"，本田宗一郎因为失败的经历而遭受了人们的奚落。故选D项。
（11）C．考查动词短语及语境理解。A.carry on继续，从事；B.take on承担，具有；C.focus on专注于，聚焦于；D.drop on偶然发现，突然访问。句意：他没有因失败而气馁，反而继续向着目标工作。从后句描述的本田宗一郎的表现来看，这里指本田宗一郎并没有对一时的失败耿耿于怀，并没有专注于自己的失败。故选C项。
（12）B．考查名词及语境理解。A.decision决定；B.goal目标，得分；C.hesitation犹豫；D.direction方向。句意：他没有因失败而气馁，反而继续向着目标而工作。根据下文内容可知，本田宗一郎最终实现了自己当初的目标，这里指他继续向着目标努力进发。故选B项。
（13）A．考查名词及语境理解。A.struggle奋斗，斗争；B.job工作；C.guess猜测；D.regret后悔。句意：然后，经过两年多的努力奋斗和重新设计，他赢得了丰田公司的合同。联系redesign一词和后句描述的结果，本田宗一郎一定是付出了巨大的努力和奋斗。故选A项。
（14）B．考查形容词及语境理解。A.admitted公认的；B.committed坚定的；C.demanding要求高的；D.crossing横越的，交叉的。句意：本田能成功是因为一个人做出了坚定的决定。联系本田宗一郎成功的经历，正是因为他坚定地追求成功，从不放弃，这里要用committed表示"坚定的"。故选B项。
（15）D．考查副词及语境理解。A.slightly稍稍；B.roughly大致，粗略地；C.nearly几乎；D.simply简单地。句意：失败是决不可能的。作为文章主旨的归纳句，这里要表达像本田宗一郎这样坚定追求成功的人，是决不会接受失败的，要用simply not表示"决不，根本不"。故选D项。
这是一篇记叙文。文章通过介绍本田宗一郎创建本田公司的经历，向读者展示了真正的成功是如何实现的。
做完形填空首先要通读全文，了解大意。一篇完形填空的文章有许多空格，所以，必须先通读一至两遍，才能大概了解文章的内容。千万不要看一句，做一句。其次要逐句分析，前后一致。选择答案时，要考虑整个句子的内容，包括搭配、时态、语法等。答案全部填完后，再通读一遍文章，检查是否通顺流畅，用词得当，意思正确。

36.【答案】to award

【解析】（1）to award.考查动词不定式。句意：周二，国家主席习近平签署总统令，为抗击新冠肺炎疫情做出突出贡献的4人授予国家勋章和荣誉称号。根据句意，此处表示目的，用动词不定式形式，故填to award。
（2）their.考查形容词性物主代词。句意：周二，国家主席习近平签署总令，为抗击新冠肺炎疫情做出突出贡献的4人授予国家勋章和荣誉称号。根据空后的名词词组outstanding contributions,可知此处填形容词性物主代词，表示"他们的突出贡献"，故填their。
（3）an.考查冠词。句意：钟南山，84岁，一位杰出的疾病专家，由于他为抗击中国新冠肺炎做主的杰出贡献，被授予国家最高荣誉。此处表示泛指，用不定冠词，空后excellent的发音是元音音素开头，故填an。
（4）in.考查介词。句意：钟南山，84岁，一位杰出的疾病专家，由于他为抗击中国新冠肺炎做主的杰出贡献，被授予国家最高荣誉。in表示某一领域，此处是在抗击新冠肺炎上，故填in。
（5）traditional.考查形容词。句意：张柏林，一个传统的中国医药专家。根据后文的expert,可知此处填形容词做定语，故填traditional。
（6）who/that.考查定语从句。句意：陈伟，在新冠肺炎相关基础研究方面取得重大成果的医学科学家。____ made major achievements in COVID-19-related basic research.是定语从句，从句修饰先行词 scientist,先行词是人，在从句中做主语，连接词用who/that,故填who/that。
（7）achievements.考查名词。句意：钟长期致力于重大传染性和慢性呼吸系统疾病的研究和防治，成绩斐然。根据前面的a long record of,可知成就不止一个，此处名词需要用复数形式，故填achievements。
（8）Following.考查现在分词。句意：在新冠肺炎疫情爆发后，中国政府鼓励国家控制湖北省武汉市的疫情，武汉市于1月底实施了疫情封锁。前半句没有主语，前后句无连词连接，所以此处是非谓语动词，follow和逻辑主语Chinese government之间是主动关系，需要用现在分词形式，且置于句首，首字母大写，故填Following。
（9）were sent.考查动词时态及语态。句意：来自全国各地的4.2万多名医务人员被派往湖北抗击疫情。根据前文的was和语境，此处是描述过去发生的事情，需要用一般过去时态。本句的主语是More than 42，000 medical workers,谓语动词是send,主谓之间是被动关系，故用一般过去时的被动语态，故填were sent。
（10）effectively.考查副词。句意：3月初以来，中国大陆疫情得到有效控制。此处用副词修饰动词place,故填effectively。
本文是新闻报道，主要报道疫情过后习主席给为抗击新冠肺炎疫情做出突出贡献的4人授予国家勋章和荣誉称号，并回顾他们的贡献。
解答此类题目应先浏览全文，概括大意，再根据句子间的提示以及括号内的汉语提示或首字母提示，依据语法规则和行为逻辑来推测并填写合适的词语。

37.【答案】My Opinion on Assigning Homework for PE
Recently the Ministry of Education confirmed that homework for PE must be assigned to make sure that students master sports skills. I can't agree more with it.（对体育课布置作业表示赞成）
From my perspective, it is highly necessary to assign homework for PE. For one thing, students have little time to do exercise owing to lots of academic homework, suffering from physical weakness or overweight. 【高分句型一】For another, most students prefer to play computer games rather than do sports when they are free, which is bad for their physical health.【高分句型二】（陈述布置体育作业的必要性）
My favourite homework for PE is rope skipping because not only can I do it at home conveniently but also it can help to refresh me after I get tired from doing academic homework.（自己喜欢的体育作业）

【解析】高分句型一
For one thing, students have little time to do exercise owing to lots of academic homework, suffering from physical weakness or overweight.
分析：句子里，现在分词suffering from physical weakness or overweight作结果状语。
翻译：一方面，由于作业多，学生几乎没有时间做运动，使得学生出现身体虚弱或超重问题。
高分句型二
For another, most students prefer to play computer games rather than do sports when they are free, which is bad for their physical health.
分析：句子里，代指主句most students prefer to play computer games rather than do sports when they are free,关系词which引导非限制性定语从句is bad for their physical health.
翻译：另一方面，大多数学生在有空的时候喜欢玩电脑游戏而不喜欢运动，这对他们的身体健康不利。
这是一篇提纲作文，需要写的内容已经给出，但是写作时不要仅仅对要点进行生硬的翻译，而是要添加些内容，使文章看起来更充实，要组成一篇通顺连贯的短文，一定要谈谈自己的看法。需要注意紧扣文章主题，给出的要点都需要包括，缺一不可。写作时注意准确运用时态，上下文意思连贯，符合逻辑关系，不能出现文章脱节问题。尽量使用自己熟悉的单词句式，同时也要注意使用高级词汇和高级句型使文章显得更有档次。同时注意要求的字数，不要太多也不要太少。

38.【答案】Paragraph1：
Amy opened it and found a letter and a book on the Olympics.The letter read "Congratulations!You've been selected as a support runner for the Olympic Torch Relay." Although she wouldn't be wearing the white uniform,she wasn't disappointed.【高分句型一】She completed the required physical examination,delivered the forms and waited.Months later,another package arrived.It contained her official blue support runner uniform along with instructions for her part of the relay.Then on a cold day,Amy and her husband stood outside the Torch Relay collection point.（艾米看到信上写着自己被选为奥运火炬接力的助跑员。她完成体检几个月后，又来了一个包裹，里面是正式的蓝色助跑服，还有她那部分接力的说明，终于到了火炬接力的那一天）
Paragraph 2：
"One of today's torch bearers can't run her part," announced the relay organizer.Then he said, "One lucky support runner will become a torch bearer.Select a person now." Luckily,Amy became the torch bearer.Holding it tight,she ran down the street filled with people waving flags.【高分句型二】The Olympic theme song was broadcast.Amy smiled and waved to the crowds,knowing that she was carrying not only the torch,but also the Olympic spirit.（艾米在挥舞着旗帜的人群中，跑去接过火炬，奥运主题曲播出了，艾米微笑着向人群挥手致意，她传递的不仅是火炬，还有奥林匹克精神）

【解析】本文为记叙文。几年前，艾米由于饮食失调导致肥胖，几乎走不下公寓楼的楼梯。在丈夫的帮助下，慢慢地恢复身材，并成为一名优秀的跑步运动员。在看了一则广告后，丈夫鼓励艾米去竞选奥运火炬手。为此，艾米把自己想象成火炬手一直为此训练，直到有一天，一个快递包到达。
高分句型一：Although she wouldn't be wearing the white uniform,she wasn't disappointed.
翻译：虽然她并不会穿白色制服，但是她并不失望。
分析：这句话使用了although引导的让步状语从句
高分句型二：Holding it tight,she ran down the street filled with people waving flags.
翻译：她紧紧地抱着它，沿街跑去，街上挤满了挥舞旗帜的人。
分析：这句话使用了现在分词Holding it tight作状语。
解题方法点拨
      （1）品读原文，确定文章线索
      每篇文章都有各自独特的写作思路，通过精读文章，找到该篇文章的写作线索。如是以时间为线索还是以空间为线索等这样有利于考生"顺藤摸瓜（结尾）"。
      （2）仔细审题，明确续写要求
      一般短文后面的"注意"都有对此类短文续写的具体要求，如词数限制使用几处标有下划线的关键词语。续写段落的首句提示，这样考生可以做到"心中有数"。
      （3）回扣原文，揣摩续写思路
      根据文章后面的要求，再次快速阅读短文，抓住文章的思路结合段首的提示语最终确定续写段落的思路。同时结合文章画线词语提示，确定续写段落的内容。
      （4）拟写草稿，修改错词病句
      在确定了思路和内容之后。最关键的就是结合提示语或者文中画线的关键词拟写草稿。拟写时，注意句子结构的多样性，语言的丰富性，并通过句与句之间连接词的正确使用，使上下文连贯。