2022届高考英语三轮复习考前冲刺特训+1.+阅读理解应用文

这是一份2022届高考英语三轮复习考前冲刺特训+1.+阅读理解应用文，共9页。
2022届高考英语三轮复习考前冲刺特训 阅读理解应用文◎命题特点及解题技巧阅读理解应用文包括广告、招聘、咨询、建议、通知等类型的说明性文章。常考的话题有旅游信息、影视艺术、招聘信息、图书简介、人物介绍等。应用文最基本的特点就是“用”即“为用而写，有用才写”。高考中应用文通常采用两种行文方式：一是文中的几则信息构成平行关系，信息中的项目及位置有一致性和对应性，有时语篇开头会用一个段落对信息进行整体说明；二是针对某一主题分析、分条目地呈现，每个段落围绕小标题呈现某一方面的信息。受文体特点的限制，应用文设题时通常就某一点提问，多以细节理解题为主。因此，考生读文章时完全没有必要从头至尾仔细阅读。阅读时易采取先题后文的方法，其阅读流程及解题过程如下： ◎典型高考真题体悟【2021·全国乙卷·A】The Biggest Stadiums in the WorldPeople have been pouring into stadiums since the days of ancient Greece. In around 8 A.Q., the Romans built the Colosseum, which remains the world's best known stadium are continues to inform contemporary design. Rome’s Colosseum was 157 feet tall and had 80 entrances, seating 50,000 people. However, that was small fry compared with the city’s Circus Maximus, which accommodated around 250,000 people.These days, safety regulations-not to mention the modern sports fan’s desire for a good view and a comfortable seat-tend to keep stadium capacities（容量）slightly lower. Even soccer fans tend to have a seat each; gone are the days of thousands standing to watch the match.For the biggest stadiums in the world, we have used data supplied by the World Atlas list so far, which ranks them by their stated permanent capacity, as well as updated information from official stadium websites.All these stadiums are still functional, still open and still hosting the biggest events in world sport.•Rungrado 1st of May Stadium, Pyongyang, D.P.R-Korea. Capacity. 150,000. Opened. May 1,1989.•Michigan Stadium, Ann Arbor, Michigan, U.S. Capacity: 107,601. Opened. October 1, 1927.•Beaver Stadium, State College, Pennsylvania, U.S. Capacity: 106,572. Opened: September 17, I960.•Ohio Stadium, Columbus, Ohio, U.S. Capacity: 104,944. Opened: October 7, 1922.•Kyle Field, College Station, Texas, U.S. Capacity: 102,512. Opened: September 24,1927.How many people could the Circus Maximus hold?A.104,944. B. 107,601. C. About 150,000. D. About 250,000.Of the following stadiums, which is the oldest?A. Michigan Stadium.       B. Beaver Stadium.C. Ohio Stadium.           D. Kyle Field.3.What do the listed stadiums have in common?A. They host big games.B. They have become tourist attractionsC. They were built by Americans.D. They are favored by architects ◎真题解析【语篇解读】：本文为说明文。文章主要介绍了当今世界上最大的体育馆。1. D。直接信息题。根据题干定位到文章第一段的However, that was small fry compared with the city’s Circus Maximus, which accommodated around 250,000 people可知，Circus Maximus能容纳大约25万人，故选D项。2. C。间接信息题。根据题干“下面哪个是最古老的体育场？”可知定位到文中介绍的每一个体育馆中所涉及的开放时间，分析判断得出正确答案为C项。因为Ohio Stadium开放的时间是1922年10月7日。3. A。间接信息题。根据文章第四段中的All these stadiums are still functional, still open and still hosting the biggest events in world sport.可知，所有这些体育场馆仍然在运转，仍然开放，并且仍然举办世界体育界最大的赛事。故正确答案为A项◎高考真题及仿真题专项练习Passage A【2021·全国新高考1卷·A】Rome can be pricey for travelers, which is why many choose to stay in a hostel(旅社). The hostels in Rome offer bed in dorm room for around $25 a night, and for that, you'll often get to stay in a central location ( with security and comfort.Yellow HostelIf I had to make just one recommendation for where to stay in Rome, it would be Yellow Hostel. It's one of the best-rated hostels in the city, and for good reason. It's affordable, and it's got a fun atmosphere without being too noisy. As an added bonus, it's close to the main train station.   Hostel Alessandro Palace  If you love social hostels, this is the best hostel for you in Rome. Hostel Alessandro Palace is fun. Staff members hold plenty of bar events for guests like free shots, bar crawls and karaoke. There's also an area on the rooftop for hanging out with other travelers during the summer. Youth Station Hostel If you're looking for cleanliness and a modern hostel, look no further than Youth Station. It offers beautiful furnishings and beds. There are plenty of other benefits, too; it doesn't charge city tax; it has both air conditioning and a heater for the rooms; it also has free Wi-Fi in every room.Hotel and Hostel Des Artistes  Hotel and Hostel Des Artistes is located just a 10-minute walk from the central city station and it's close to all of the city's main attractions. The staff is friendly and helpful, providing you with a map of the city when you arrive, and offering advice if you require some. However, you need to pay 2 euros a day for Wi-Fi.  1.What is probably the major concern of travelers who choose to stay in a hostel? A. Comfort. B. Security.   C. Price. D. Location.2.Which hotel best suits people who enjoy an active social life?A. Yellow Hostel.      B. Hostel Alessandro Palace.C. Youth Station Hostel.   D. Hotel and Hostel Des Artistes.3. What is the disadvantage of Hotel and Hostel Des Artistes?A. It gets noisy at night.  B. Its staff is too talkative.C. It charges for Wi-Fi.   D. It's inconveniently located.  Passage B【2021·全国甲卷·A】Take a view, the Landscape (风景) Photographer of the Year Award, was the idea of Charlie Waite, one of today’s most respected landscape photographers. Each year, the high standard of entries has shown that the Awards are the perfect platform to showcase the very best photography of the British landscape. Take a view is a desirable annual competition for photographers from all corners of the UK and beyond. Mike Shepherd(2011)Skiddaw in WinterCumbria, EnglandIt was an extremely cold winter’s evening and freezing fog hung in the air. I climbed to the top of a small rise and realised that the mist was little more than a few feet deep, and though it was only a short climb, I found myself completely above it and looking at a wonderfully clear view of Skiddaw with the sun setting in the west. I used classical techniques, translated from my college days spent in the darkroom into Photoshop, to achieve the black-and-white image (图像).Timothy Smith(2014)Macclesfield ForestCheshire, EnglandI was back in my home town of Macclesfield to take some winter images. Walking up a path through the forest towards Shutlingsloe, a local high point, I came across a small clearing and immediately noticed the dead yellow grasses set against the fresh snow. The small pine added to the interest and I placed it centrally to take the view from the foreground right through into the forest. 1. Who would most probably enter for Take a view?A. Writers.       B. Photographers.C. Painters.       D. Tourists.2. What do the works by Shepherd and Smith have in common?A. They are winter images.B. They are in black and white.C. They show mountainous scenes.D. They focus on snow-covered forests.3. Where can the text be found?A. In a history book.     B. In a novel.C. In an art magazine.     D. In a biography.Passage C【2020·全国卷I·A】Train InformationAll customers travelling on TransLink services must be in possession of a valid ticket before boarding. For ticket information, please ask at your local station or call 13 12 30.While Queensland Rail makes every effort to ensure trains run as scheduled, there can be no guarantee of connections between trains or between train services and bus services.Lost property（失物招领）Call Lost Property on 13 16 17 during business hours for items lost on Queensland Rail services. The lost property office is open Monday to Friday 7:30 am to 5:00 pm and is located（位于）at Roma Street station.Public holidays On public holidays, generally a Sunday timetable operates. On certain major event days，i.e. Australia Day, Anzac Day, sporting and cultural days, special additional services may operate. Christmas Day services operate to a Christmas Day timetable. Before travel please visit translink. com. au or call TransLink on 13 12 30 anytime.Customers using mobility devicesMany stations have wheelchair access from the car park or entrance to the station platforms. For assistance, please call Queensland Rail on 13 16 17.Guardian trains (outbound)DepartOriginDestinationArrive6:42pmAltandiVarsity Lakes7:37pm7:29pmCentralVarsity Lakes8:52pm8:57pmFortitude ValleyVarsity Lakes9:52pm11:02pmRoma StreetVarsity Lakes12:22am 1. What would you do to get ticket information?A. Call 13 16 17.      B. Visit translink.com.au.C. Ask at the local station.    D. Check the train schedule.2. At which station can you find the lost property office?A. Altandi.  B. Roma Street.  C. Varsity Lakes.  D. Fortitude Valley.3. Which train would you take if you go from Central to Varsity Lakes?A.6:42 pm.  B.7:29 pm.   C.8:57 pm.   D.11:02 pm.Passage D【2022·河南部分重点高中高三3月联合调研考试·A】Have you got the skills required for one of our exciting matchday roles at Manchester United? Manchester United is currently recruiting（招募）individuals to join our Matchday Operations team for the football season to enhance the matchday experience for the 76,000 fans and guests we entertain at Old Trafford for every home game.    There are approximately 35 matches during the season, which kicks off in August, and successful candidates for our matchday roles will be expected to be available for our key home games held throughout the season.    If you believe you have the skills required to deliver our outstanding matchday experience and have what it takes to join one of the world’s biggest football clubs, please see our current vacancies listed below and complete an application form.    Please note: You should only submit one application as all opportunities will be discussed at the interview. The exact copies of application will be disregarded and you will be out.    Previous applicants need not apply. If you have previously been unsuccessful at an interview for a Catering Matchday role, we are not in a position to review another application for a minimum of six months.Current Vacancies:RoleLocationSalaryCulinary TeamManchesterNot disclosedMatchday HospitalityManchesterNot disclosedMatchday StewardManchesterNot disclosedThank you for your application! For any question, please email the recruitment team at recruitment@manutd. co. uk.1. Where will the job be performed?A. At a cinema.    B. At a stadium.      C. In a hospital.        D. In the street.2. Which one is the most important for the candidates?A. Their love for football.              B. Their educational level.C. Their past experience.               D. Their application’s uniqueness.3. How can the candidates ask for more information?A. By phone.     B. By letter.       C. By email.         D. By text message. ◎答案解析Passage A【文章大意】本文为应用文，主要介绍罗马四个旅行社的特色。1. C。直接信息题。根据题干the major concern和choose to stay in a hostel定位到第一段第一句Rome can be pricey for travelers, which is why many choose to staying a hostel（罗马对旅行者花费来说很昂贵，这就是许多人选择住旅社的原因）可知，旅行者选择住旅社的原因最主要是考虑价格问题，故答案选择C项。开始可能会根据常识经验而不是文章实际内容错选B项。2. B。直接信息题。根据题干enjoy an active social life定位到Hostel Alessandro Palace段落第一句If you love social hostels, this is the best hostel for you in Rome（如果你喜欢社交旅馆，在罗马本旅社最适合你），可知答案选择B项。Yellow Hostel段落讲到有趣氛围，不太吵；Youth Station Hostel段落谈到房间里既有空调、有暖气及免费无线网络等设备；Hotel and Hostel Des Artistes段落谈到工作人员友好、乐于助人、提供各种服务均与题干讲到喜欢社交生活无关，故排除A、C、D项。3. C。间接信息题。根据题干定位到Hotel and Hostel Des Artistes段落However, you need to pay 2 euros a day for Wi-Fi，理解可知，该旅社需要支付2欧元一天的网络使用，应该是旅社的缺陷，故答案选择C项。距离市中心车站近不一定吵，工作人员友好又乐于助人和距离市中心车站近是优点，故排除A、B、D项。Passage B【文章大意】这是一篇应用文。本文介绍了“Take a view”摄影大赛及两项参赛作品。1. B 细节理解题。由第一段最后一句“Take a view is a desirable annual competition for photographers from all corners of the UK and beyond.”可知，对于来自英国和世界各地的摄影师来说，Take a view是一项令人向往的年度比赛。故选B项。2. A 细节理解题。由第一个作品中的“It was an extremely cold winter’s evening”和第二个作品中的“I was back in my home town...take some winter images.”可知，它们都是关于冬天的图像作品。故选A项。3. C 推理判断题。本文主要介绍了“Take a view”摄影大赛及两项参赛作品，因此本文极可能出现在“艺术杂志”中，而不是出现在“历史书(history book)”、“小说(novel)”或“传记(biography)”中，故选C项。Passage C【文章大意】这是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了一些火车信息，包括失物招领、公共假期安排以及列车出发时间等信息。1. C 细节理解题。根据第一段中For ticket information, please ask your local station or call 13 12 30.可知查询车票信息，请向您当地的车站询问或拨打131230。由此可知，你可以询问当地车站或拨打131230来获得车票信息。故选C。2. B 细节理解题。根据Lost property部分中The lost property office is open Monday to Friday 7:30am to 5:00pm and is located at Roma Street station.可知失物招领处周一至周五早上7:30到下午5:00营业，位于罗马街车站。由此可知，在Roma Street你可以找到失物招领办公室。故选B。3. B 细节理解题。根据Guardian trans部分中信息，可知从起始地Central出发，开往目的地Varsity Lakes的火车是下午7:29开车。由此可知，如果你要从Central去往Varsity Lakes，你应当乘坐下午7:29的火车。故选B。Passage D【文章大意】本文是应用文, 介绍了老特拉福德球场招募工作人员的相关信息。B 细节理解题 根据第一段第二句可知这个招募是为了招聘能于比赛日在老特拉福德球场为球迷服务的工作人员, 所以这项工作肯定是在体育场进行的, 故选B。D 推理判断题 文章第四段特别指出每个申请者只能提交一张申请表否则将被淘汰, 故选D。C 细节理解题 根据最后一段可知申请者可以通过发邮件的方式和招募团队取得联系,故选C。