人教版 (2019)必修 第三册Unit 3 Diverse Cultures复习练习题

Unit 3 Diverse Cultures

Ⅰ.完形填空

(2020·广东省深圳市高级中学高三年级模考)

I used to believe in the American Dream, which meant a job, a mortgage(按揭), credit cards, and success. I wanted it and worked toward it like everyone else, all of us   1.A   chasing the same thing.

One year, through a series of unhappy events, it all fell   2.B  . I found myself homeless and   3.C  . I had my truck and $56. I   4.D   the countryside for some place I could rent for the   5.D   possible amount. I came upon a shabby house four miles up a winding mountain road over the Potomac River in West Virginia. It was   6.B  ， full of broken glass and rubbish. I found the owner, rented it, and   7.C   a corner to camp in.

The locals knew nothing about me,   8.A   slowly, they started teaching me the   9.D   of being a neighbor. They dropped off blankets, candles, and tools, and began sticking around to   10.A  . They started to teach me a belief in a   11.C   American Dream—not the one of individual achievement but of   12.A  .

What I had believed in, all those things I thought were   13.D   for a civilized life, were nonexistent in this place. Up on the   14.A  ， my most valuable possessions were my   15.B   with my neighbors.

Four years later, I moved back into   16.C  . I saw many people were having a really hard time,   17.B   their jobs and homes. I managed to rent a big enough house to   18.C   a handful of people. There are four of us now in the house, but over time I've had nine people come in and move on to other places. We'd all be in   19.B   if we hadn't banded together.

The American Dream I believe in now is a shared one. It's not so much about what I can get for myself; it's about   20.D   we can all survive together.

文章大意：本文是一篇记叙文。叙述了作者在美国的生活经历，以及他对美国梦的理解的前后变化。一开始作者认为在美国就会有银行卡、工作和房子。但是在美国经历了一系列不愉快的事件后，作者的美国梦想破碎了。作者在山上找了一座破旧的房屋租住。他从邻居那里学到了美国梦是大家团结起来共同实现的。

1．A.separately　　　　　　　 B．equally

C．violently　 D．naturally

解析：考查副词和上下文的呼应。separately“分别地；各自地”；equally“同样地；平等地”；violently“猛烈地；激烈地”；naturally“自然地”。根据前文的“like everyone else”向每个其他人一样，我们每个人也都在做。句意：我们各自在追逐同样的事情。故选A。

2．A.off　 B．apart

C．over　 D．out

解析：考查形容词和上下文的呼应。off“远离的”；apart“分离的”；over“在上面的”；out“外面的”。根据后文的“I found myself homeless”可知我发现自己孤独。此处说自己原来的梦想破碎了，崩溃了。句意：有一年，在经历了一系列不愉快的事件后，它完全崩溃了。故选B。

3．A.awesome　 B．priceless

C．alone　 D．passionate

解析：awesome“可怕的”；priceless“无价的”；alone“单独的；独自一人”；passionate“有激情的”。可知我发现自己孤独，此处说自己原来的梦想破碎了，崩溃了。故C项正确。

4．A.crossed　 B．left

C．toured　 D．searched

解析：crossed“穿过”；left“离开”；toured“旅行”；searched“搜索”。根据后文的“for some place I could rent”可知作者在乡村寻找可以租住的地方。search...for...“搜……为了找……”。句意：我在乡村搜寻我可以租住的地方。故选D。

5．A.fullest　 B．largest

C．fairest　 D．cheapest

解析：fullest“完全的；满的”；largest“最大的”；fairest“公平的”；cheapest“最便宜的”。根据前文的“I had my truck and $56.”可知作者只有一辆卡车和56美元，可见他没太多的钱，因此他要租便宜的房子。故此处用形容词cheapest。句意：我要租住尽可能最便宜的地方。故选D。

6．A.occupied　 B．abandoned

C．emptied　 D．robbed

解析：occupied“占用”；abandoned“放弃的，废弃的”；emptied“倒空”；robbed“抢劫”。根据后文的“full of broken glass and rubbish”可知这座房子是被废弃的。句意：它被废弃了。故选B。

7．A.turned　 B．approached

C．cleared　 D．cut

解析：turned“转动”；approached“接近”；cleared“清除”；cut“剪”。根据后文的“to camp in”可知作者为了能扎营住在这里，因此清理了一下。句意：为了能住进去，我清理了一个角落。故选C。

8．A.but　 B．although

C．otherwise　 D．for

解析：but“但是”；although“尽管”；otherwise“否则”；for“因为”。根据前文的“knew nothing about me”和后文的“slowly, they started teaching me”可知其他人开始时不了解他，后来教他一些东西，前后是转折关系，故用连词but。句意：当地人对我不了解，但是慢慢地开始教会我一些东西。故选A。

9．A.benefit　 B．lesson

C．nature　 D．art

解析：benefit“利益；好处”；lesson“教训；课”；nature“自然”；art“艺术；道理”。根据前文的“they started teaching me”可知他们教我一些道理。句意：慢慢地他们开始教我做邻居的道理。故选D。

10．A.chat　 B．fight

C．struggle　 D．perform

解析：chat“聊天”；fight“战斗”；struggle“斗争；努力”；perform“表演”。句意：他们带来一些毯子，蜡烛和工具，停下来和我聊天。故选A。

11．A.wild　 B．real

C．different　 D．remote

解析：wild“野生的”；real“真实的”；different“不同的”；remote“遥远的；偏僻的”。根据前文的“I used to believe in the American Dream, which meant a job, a mortgage(按揭), credit cards, success.”可知他过去的美国梦想是成功的，而现在没有房子和工作，是失败的，与想象的不一样，句意：他们开始教会我一种对美国梦想不同的信念。故选C。

12．A.neighborliness　 B．happiness

C．friendliness　 D．kindness

解析：neighborliness“亲切；友善”；happiness“幸福”； friendliness“友好”；kindness“善良”。根据前文的“of being a neighbor”可知作为邻居的理论，可知此处是强调邻居的重要性。句意：美国的梦想不是个人的成就而是邻居共同的成就。故选A。

13．A.unique　 B．expensive

C．rare　 D．necessary

解析：unique“独特的； 唯一的”；expensive“昂贵的”；rare“稀有的”；necessary“必要的”。根据后文的“were nonexistent in this place”可知以前以为必要的东西，在这个地方不存在。句意：所有我原以为必要的东西在这个地方不存在。故选D。

14．A.mountain　 B．downtown

C．river　 D．countryside

解析：mountain“山”；downtown“市中心”；river“河流”；countryside“农村”。根据上文“I came upon a shabby house four miles up a winding mountain road over the Potomac River in West Virginia.”可知此处应是上山。句意：我最有价值的东西是在山上。故选A。

15．A.cooperation　 B．relationships

C．satisfaction　 D．appointments

解析：cooperation“合作”；relationships“关系”；satisfaction“满意”；appointments“约定”。根据前文的“They dropped off blankets, candles, and tools, and began sticking around to   10  .”可知作者与邻居的关系好。故此处用relationships。句意：我最有价值的财富就是与邻居的关系。故选B。

16．A.reality　 B．society

C．town　 D．life

解析：reality“现实”；society“社会”；town“城镇”；life“生活”。根据前文的“I moved back into”可知作者从山上搬回了城里。句意：四年后，我搬回了城里。故选C。

17．A.creating　 B．losing

C．quitting　 D．finding

解析：creating“创造”；losing“失去；损失”；quitting“放弃”；offering“提供”。根据前文的“I saw many people were having a really hard time”可知这里的许多人过着艰难的生活，此处应是失去工作，才能体现生活困难。句意：我看见许多人生活艰难，失去了工作和家园。故选B。

18．A.put in　 B．turn in

C．take in　 D．get in

解析：put in“提出”；turn in“上交”；take in“吸收；上当；容纳”；get in“收获”。根据前文的“rent a big enough house to”可知作者租了一间大的房子是为了能容纳一些人。句意：我租下了一个足够大的房子为了容纳一些人。故选C。

19．A.yards　 B．shelters

C．camps　 D．cottages

解析：yards“院子”；shelters“避难所”；camps“营地”；cottages“村舍”。根据后文的“if we hadn't banded together...”可知我们如果不团结起来就会没有地方住，只待在避难所。句意：如果我们不团结起来，我们就会待在避难所。故选B。

20．A.when　 B．what

C．whether　 D．how

解析：when“何时”；what“什么”；whether“是否”；how“如何”。根据后面的“we can all survive together(我们一起生活)”和文章意思，大家一起共同团结的生活，才能解决困难，这是说生活的方式，故此处用代词how。故选D。

Ⅱ.阅读理解

A

(2020·太原市三模)

Growing up in an Italian-American household was, for me, pretty special. My mother, Gina, an immigrant from Italy, held on to so many of her family's traditions that at times, regardlessof the fact that I was living in America, our home felt like in Italy.

To this day, my mother only speaks to me in Italian. Shemay speak in some English terms and expressions from time totime, but our conversations are, for the most part, in her mothertongue. And most of those conversations are about food. For us,food—Italian food is an important part of our lives. The food mymother prepared for me and my sister as children is the same foodas my grandmother created in her small farm kitchen high up inthe mountains.

One of my family's dishes of heritage I am sure to learn and perfect is my mother's arancini di riso (Italian rice balls). Arancini, in Italian, means little oranges. After you roll some over rice into a small ball, place a piece of mozzarella (莫泽雷勒干酪) in the center, then bread that and fry it, the golden outside resembles one of our favorite fruits. For my family, it also showcased my mother's ability to always find a delicious way to never let anything go to waste: Last night's good rice was repurposed into this perfect mid-day snack or dinner or appetizer.

So, when I take a perfect little arancini out of the hot oil and crack it open, I am immediately transported back to my childhood: I am a little girl getting off the bus and running through the back door to the smell of last night's rice transformed into sticky, delicate goodness. This small snack symbolizes so many important elements in my life: my mother's waste-not philosophy, her ability to take a few simple ingredients and transform them, and finally, the way she carried her mother's recipes to the U. S. in her mind and heart so she could, years later, teach me about my heritage through food.

Eating arancini, and all the other recipes my mother continued to make here in the U. S. after leaving Italy, allowed her to teach me who I am, where I come from, and why I should be proud of it all.

文章大意：本文是一篇记叙文。作者是一个意大利裔美国人，母亲特意用意大利语教会作者做意大利饭团，继承了作者家里的小吃食品传统，让作者充分理解自我，为自己所做的事而自豪。

1．What makes the author's home feel like in Italy？  D 

A．Fruit and snacks. 　　 B．Neighbors and friends.

C．Names and holidays. 　　 D．Food and language.

解析：细节理解题。根据第二段前三句“To this day，my mother only speaks to me in Italian.She may speak in some English terms and expressions from time to time，but our conversations are，for the most part，in her mother tongue.And most of those conversations are about food.”可知，母亲用意大利母语与我谈论意大利食物的事情。故D选项正确。

2．Why is the author sure to learn and perfect arancini di riso？  C 

A. It saves valuable food from going to waste.

B．It reminds the author of her days at school.

C．It plays a major role in continuing family tradition.

D．It showcases the cooking skills of the author's mother.

解析：推理判断题。根据第三段第一句“One of my family's dishes of heritage I am sure to learn and perfect is my mother's arancini di riso(Italian rice balls)．”和最后一句“For my family，it also showcased my mother's ability to always find a delicious way to never let anything go to waste...or dinner or appetizer.”可以判断，作者一定把家里的意大利传统食品继承下来，赞扬了母亲从来不浪费的传统美德，也展示了母亲把剩米饭改做成可口的小吃的能力。

3．What does the underlined word “goodness” in paragraph 4 refer to？  A 

A．Arancini di riso.　　 B．Mother's kindness.

C．The Italian language. 　　 D．Amazing cooking skills.

解析：词义猜测题。根据第四段第二句中的“This small snack symbolizes so many important elements”可知goodness是指This small snack，即“arancini di riso (Italian rice balls)”。故A选项正确。

4．What is the text mainly about？  B 

A. Why learning to cook is important for a mother.

B．How the family heritage is taught through food.

C．How childhood experiences change one's life.

D．Why mothers are important in children's education.

解析：主旨大意题。文章主要介绍了作者生在异乡，母亲让她用剩米饭学做意大利家庭传统小吃，继承了母亲节约粮食的美德，从而让作者认识自我。从文章第一段中的“many of her family's traditions”，第三段中的“One of my family's dishes of heritage”的关键词也能提炼文章的主旨大意。

B

(2021·安徽省合肥一中等六校教育研究会第二次联考)

The American dream is the faith held by many people in the United States of America that through hard work, courage, creativity and determination, they can achieve a better life for themselves. More specifically, they agree on how to get ahead in America: get a college education, find a reliable job, and buy their own house. But do Americans still believe in that path, and if they do, is it attainable?

The most recent National Journal poll asked participants about the American dream, what it takes to achieve their goal, and whether or not they felt the control over their ability to be successful. Obviously, the results show that today, the idea of the American dream and what it takes to achieve it looks quite different from it did in the late 20th century. Generally speaking, people felt that their actions and hard work not outside force deciding their lives. But the participants had definitely mixed feelings about what actions make for a better life in the current economy.

In the last seven years, Americans have grown more pessimistic (悲观的) about the power of education to lead to success. Even though they see going to college as a fairly achievable goal, a majority 52 percent think that young people do not need a 4-year college education in order to be successful.

Miguel Maeda, 42, who has a master's degree and works in public health, was the first in his family to go to college, which has allowed him to achieve a sense of financial stability (稳定) his parents and grandparents never did. While some, like Maeda, emphasized the value of degree rather than the education itself, others still see college as a way to gain new viewpoints and life experiences. To Fendley, a sense of drive and purpose, as well as an effective high-school education, and basic life skills, like balancing a checkbook(支票簿), are the necessary elements for a successful life in America.

文章大意：这是一篇新闻报道。美国《国家期刊》最近的一项关于美国梦的民意调查表明在过去的几十年里，美国人的美国梦的理念和实现它所需要的因素发生了变化。他们认为大学教育在取得成功中所起的作用不再像过去那样重要了。

5．It used to be commonly acknowledged that to succeed in America, one had to have   B  .

A．a sense of drive and purpose

B．an advanced academic degree

C．a firm belief in their dream

D．an ambition to get ahead

解析：细节理解题。由第一段“More specifically, they agree on how to get ahead in America: get a college education, find a reliable job, and buy their own house.”可知，更具体地说，他们就如何在美国获得成功达成了一致的意见：接受大学教育，找到一份稳定的工作，买他们自己的房子。所以过去人们普遍认为，要想在美国取得成功，就必须有高学位。故B选项正确。

6．What is the finding of the latest National Journal poll concerning the American dream？  D 

A．More and more Americans are finding it hard to realize.

B．It remains alive among the majority of American people.

C．An increasing number of young Americans are abandoning it.

D．Americans' idea of it has changed over the past few decades.

解析：推理判断题。由第二段“the results show that today, the idea of the American dream and what it takes to achieve it looks quite different from it did in the late 20th century.”可知，显然，结果表明，今天美国梦的理念和实现它所需要的因素看起来与20世纪晚期有很大的不同。所以判断出《国家期刊》关于美国梦的最新调查结果表明在过去的几十年里，美国人的美国梦的理念和实现它所需要的因素发生了变化。故D选项正确。

7．What do Americans now think of the role of college education in achieving success？  D 

A．It still remains open to debate.

B．It has proved to be beyond doubt.

C．It is much better understood now than ever.

D．It is no longer as important as it used to be.

解析：推理判断题。由第三段“In the last seven years, Americans have grown more pessimistic (悲观的) about the power of education to lead to success. Even though they see going to college as a fairly achievable goal, a majority 52 percent think that young people do not need a 4-year college education in order to be successful.”可知，在过去的七年里，美国人对教育决定成功越来越悲观。尽管他们认为上大学是一个相当容易实现的目标，但是52%的人认为年轻人不需要四年的大学教育就能成功。所以判断出美国人认为大学教育在取得成功中所起的作用不再像过去那样重要了。故D选项正确。

8．How do some people view college education these days？  A 

A．It helps broaden their minds.

B．It needs to be strengthened.

C．It widens cultural diversity.

D．It promotes gender equality.

解析：推理判断题。由最后一段“While some, like Maeda, emphasized the value of degree rather than the education itself, others still see college as a way to gain new viewpoints and life experiences.”可知，虽然像Maeda这样的一些人强调学位的价值而不是教育本身的价值，但其他人仍然把大学视为获得新观点和生活经验的一种方式。所以判断出，现在一些人认为大学教育有助于开阔他们的视野。故A选项正确。

Ⅲ.短文改错

(2021·江西赣中南五校第一次联考)

Dear Peter，

I'm very glad to receive your e-mail asking for information about the host family we have arranged you to stay with.

Locating in a beautiful and quiet neighborhood, the house was big enough to enable you to have a room of your own.Apart from the convenient public transportation, our private car will make your visit easy.Because all the family members can speak fluently English and have outgoing personalities, I'm sure you will have no trouble communicate with them.Above all, they hosted the American student last year, through that they gained lots of experience.In addition to, the hostess cooking will guarantee you a wonderful chance of tasting delicious Chinese food.

Hope you enjoy your stay there.

Yours，

Li Hua

答案：

Dear Peter，

I'm very glad to receive your e-mail asking for information about the host family we have arranged  you to stay with.

 in a beautiful and quiet neighborhood, the house  big enough to enable you to have a room of your own.Apart from the convenient public transportation,  private car will make your visit easy.Because all the family members can speak  English and have outgoing personalities, I'm sure you will have no trouble  with them.Above all, they hosted  American student last year, through  they gained lots of experience.In addition to, the  cooking will guarantee you a wonderful chance of tasting delicious Chinese food.

Hope you enjoy your stay there.

Yours，

Li Hua

解析：

1．考查固定句式。arrange for sb.to do sth.意为“安排某人做某事”，为固定搭配。故在you前加for。

2．考查非谓语动词。be located in...意为“坐落于……”，为固定短语，在句中作状语。故将Locating改为Located。

3．考查时态。此处是在介绍这个家庭的基本情况，表示客观事实，故用一般现在时。故将was改为is。

4．考查代词。文章是“我”在为Peter介绍他所要寄宿的家庭的情况，与下文中的“them”相照应。故将our改为their。

5．考查形容词。修饰名词应用形容词，故用形容词fluent作定语修饰English。故将fluently改为fluent。

6．考查固定句式。have no trouble(in) doing sth.意为“做某事没有困难”，为固定搭配，故用动词-ing形式作宾语。故将communicate改为communicating。

7．考查冠词。根据语境可知，此处表示泛指，故用不定冠词，又因American的发音以元音音素开头。故将the改为an。

8．考查定语从句。在定语从句中，介词后跟关系代词which/whom。结合语境可知，关系词表示前面整件事。故将that改为which。

9．考查介词。由语境可知，此处应用In addition表示“此外”，故将介词to删除。in addition to为介词短语，后跟名词、代词或动词-ing作宾语，不可单独使用。

10．考查名词所有格。这里指女主人的厨艺，应用名词所有格。故将hostess改为hostess'。