英语必修 第二册Unit 4 History and traditions导学案

这是一份英语必修 第二册Unit 4 History and traditions导学案，共8页。


Ⅰ.匹配词义
( )1.philsphyA．n.港口(城市)
( )2.chiefB．n.(陆上，尤指乡村的)风景
( )3.militaryC．n.the study f the nature and meaning
f the universe and f human life
( )4.galleryD．adj.最重要的；最高级别的
n．(公司或机构的)首领；酋长
( )5.prtE．n.(艺术作品的)展览馆；画廊
( )6.landscapeF．adj.nt far away adv.near in psitin
( )7.nearbyG．n.the facts r signs r bjects that make
yu believe that sth.is true
( )8.evidenceH．adj.军事的；军用的
( )9.belng tI．留心；留意
( )10.keep yur eyes pen(fr)
J．属于
[答案] 1－5 CDHEA 6－10 BFGJI
Ⅱ.默写单词
1．individual adj. 单独的；个别的
n. 个人
2．legal adj. 法律的；合法的
3．lcatin n. 地方；地点；位置
4．battle n. 战役；搏斗
vi.& vt. 搏斗；奋斗
5．generus adj. 慷慨的；大方的；丰富的
6．ancestr n. 祖宗；祖先
7．rll vi.& vt. (使)翻滚；(使)滚动
n. 卷(轴)；翻滚
8．custm n. 风俗；习俗；习惯
9．psitin n. 位置；姿态；职位
10．ensure vt. 保证；确保；担保
Ⅰ.语境填空
amunt；nearby；greeted；eager；rlling；custms；cnquering；individuals；battling；chiefs
1．He might easily have been seen by smene wh lived nearby．
2．She greeted all the guests warmly as they arrived.
3．The behavir f men as individuals is different frm their behavir in a grup.
4．We'll keep battling away and hpe that the gals start t cme.
5．Many new cuples are eager t adpt the children lsing their parents in the earthquake.
6．They said gdbye t the villagers，with tears rlling dwn their cheeks.
7．Peple threw cins nt the stage，as was ne f the custms．
8．All the chiefs f the related cuntries will have an imprtant meeting in the United Natins.
9．In the last few years，the cmpany has succeeded in cnquering the Eurpean market.
10．Peple shuld decrease the amunt f fat they eat.
Ⅱ.语法填空之派生词
1．His letter pses a number f puzzling(puzzle)questins.
2．Please ensure(sure)that all lights are switched ff.
3．I have t find a cnvenient lcatin(lcate)fr the shelves.
4．It is nly the achievement(achieve)f these gals that will finally bring lasting peace.
5．It was generus(genersity)f him t ffer t pay fr us bth.
6．When I learned that he was ill，I sent him a greeting(greet) card.
7．Thse wds gave us all a sense f belnging(belng)．
8．Tday's annuncement(annunce) f a peace agreement came after weeks f discussin.
9．A must is a visit t the fascinating(fascinate)Mtr Museum.
10．It's illegal(legal) t read peple's private letters withut permissin.
1．S what is the difference between them，if any?
如果有区别的话，那么它们之间的区别是什么呢？
2．And they even have their wn ftball teams fr cmpetitins like the Wrld Cup!
它们甚至有各自的足球队参加像世界杯这样的比赛。
3．They intrduced the beginnings f the English language，and changed the way peple built huses.
他们是英语的创始人，并且改变了人们建造房屋的方式。
4．The Nrmans were French，s many French wrds slwly entered int the English language.
诺曼人是法国人，因此英语中逐渐增加了许多法语单词。
5．The UK is a fascinating mix f histry and mdern culture，with bth new and ld traditins.
因为具有新老传统，英国是历史与现代文化相结合，很有魅力。
词语助读
①be cnfused by对……感到迷惑
②if any如果有什么的话
※if s如果那样
③a little bit一点儿
④puzzle n．谜；智力游戏；疑问 vt.迷惑；使困惑
※slve a puzzle解决难题
puzzling adj.令人困惑的
puzzled adj.感到困惑的
⑤nearby adj.附近的；邻近的 adv.在附近
⑥Wales威尔士(英国)
⑦把……和……连接或联结起来
※jin sb.in ding sth.加入某人一起做某事
⑧Sctland苏格兰(英国)
⑨add v．增加，增添
⑩break away(frm sb./sth.)脱离；背叛；逃脱
⑪result in导致
※result frm由于
⑫Nrthern Ireland北爱尔兰(英国)
⑬shrten vt.缩短
※­en是动词后缀，意为“使具有某种特性”
⑭refer 把……称为……
⑮belng t属于
belng vi.应在(某处)；适应
⑯area n．[熟词生义]领域，方面
⑰as well as同(一样也)；和；还
※as well as用于连接两个并列成分
※as well as连接两个并列主语时，谓语动词的数和第一个主语一致
⑱currency n．通货；货币
⑲military adj.军事的；军用的
⑳defence n．防御；保卫
eq \(○,\s\up2(21))fr example例如
eq \(○,\s\up2(22))legal adj.法律的；合法的
※illegal adj.不合法的；非法的
illegally adv.不合法地；非法地
eq \(○,\s\up2(23))surrund vt.围绕；包围
※be surrunded by被……包围
eq \(○,\s\up2(24))evidence n．证据，证明
eq \(○,\s\up2(25))take ver接管，掌管
eq \(○,\s\up2(26))thrughut prep.贯穿，遍及
eq \(○,\s\up2(27))Rman adj.古罗马的；罗马的 n．古罗马人；罗马市民
eq \(○,\s\up2(28))achievement n．成就；成绩；达到
eq \(○,\s\up2(29))include ding sth.包括做某事
eq \(○,\s\up2(30))Angl­Saxn盎格鲁—撒克逊人
eq \(○,\s\up2(31))Viking n．维京人；北欧海盗
eq \(○,\s\up2(32))leave behind留下
eq \(○,\s\up2(33))lcatin n．地方；地点；位置
eq \(○,\s\up2(34))Nrman adj.诺曼式的；诺曼人的
※the Nrmans诺曼人
eq \(○,\s\up2(35))cnquer vt.占领；征服；控制
eq \(○,\s\up2(36))Battle f Hastings 黑斯廷斯战役
※battle n．战役；搏斗 vi.& vt.搏斗；奋斗
eq \(○,\s\up2(37))enter int成为……的一部分；影响
eq \(○,\s\up2(38))prt n．港口(城市)
eq \(○,\s\up2(39))date back t(＝date frm)上溯至
eq \(○,\s\up2(40))all the way一直
eq \(○,\s\up2(41))all ver the UK全英国
※all ver China全中国
eq \(○,\s\up2(42))fascinating adj.极有吸引力的；迷人的
eq \(○,\s\up2(43))keep yur eyes pen(fr)留心；留意
eq \(○,\s\up2(44))be surprised t d sth.很惊奇地做某事
原文呈现
WHAT'S IN A NAME?
The United Kingdm，Great Britain，Britain，England—many peple are cnfused by① what these different names mean[1]．S what is the difference between them，if any②？Getting t knw a little bit③ abut British histry[2] will help yu slve this puzzle④.
[1]what引导的从句作介词by的宾语，what在从句中作mean的宾语。
[2]Getting t knw...是动名词短语作主语。
In the 16th century，the nearby⑤ cuntry f Wales⑥ was jined t⑦ the Kingdm f England.Later，in the 18th century，the cuntry Sctland⑧ was jined t create the Kingdm f Great Britain.In the 19th century，the Kingdm f Ireland was added⑨ t create the United Kingdm f Great Britain and Ireland.Finally，in the 20th century，the suthern part f Ireland brke away frm⑩ the UK，which resulted in⑪ the full name we have tday[3]：the United Kingdm f Great Britain and Nrthern Ireland⑫.Mst peple just use the shrtened⑬ name：“the United Kingdm”r“the UK”．Peple frm the UK are called“British”，which means the UK is als ften referred t as⑭ Britain r Great Britain[4]．
[3]which引导非限制性定语从句，which指代整个主句的内容。其中we have tday是省略了关系代词that/which的定语从句，修饰the full name。
[4]which means...是which引导的非限制性定语从句，修饰主句。
The fur cuntries that belng t⑮ the United Kingdm[5] wrk tgether in sme areas⑯.They use the same flag，knwn as the Unin Jack[6]，as well as⑰ share the same currency⑱ and military⑲ defence⑳.Hwever，they als have sme differences.Fr exampleeq \S\UP4(\(○,\S\UP2(21)))，England，Wales，Sctland，and Nrthern Ireland all have different educatin systems and legaleq \S\UP4(\(○,\S\UP2(22))) systems.They als have their wn traditins，like their wn natinal days and natinal dishes.And they even have their wn ftball teams fr cmpetitins like the Wrld Cup!
[5]that belng t...是关系代词that引导的定语从句，修饰the fur cuntries，that在从句中作主语。
[6]过去分词短语knwn as the Unin Jack作后置定语，修饰the same flag。
The United Kingdm has a lng and interesting histry t explre[7]，which can help yu understand much mre abut the cuntry and its traditins[8]．Almst everywhere yu g in the UK[9]，yu will be surrundedeq \S\UP4(\(○,\S\UP2(23))) by evidenceeq \S\UP4(\(○,\S\UP2(24))) f fur different grups f peple wh tk vereq \S\UP4(\(○,\S\UP2(25))) at different times thrughuteq \S\UP4(\(○,\S\UP2(26))) histry[10]．The first grup，the Rmanseq \S\UP4(\(○,\S\UP2(27)))[11]，came in the first century.Sme f their great achievementseq \S\UP4(\(○,\S\UP2(28))) included building twnseq \S\UP4(\(○,\S\UP2(29))) and rads.Next，the Angl­Saxnseq \S\UP4(\(○,\S\UP2(30))) arrived in the fifth century.They intrduced the beginnings f the English language，and changed the way peple built huses[12]．The Vikingseq \S\UP4(\(○,\S\UP2(31))) came in the eighth century，left behindeq \S\UP4(\(○,\S\UP2(32))) lts f new vcabulary，and als the names f many lcatinseq \S\UP4(\(○,\S\UP2(33))) acrss the UK.The last grup were the Nrmanseq \S\UP4(\(○,\S\UP2(34))).They cnqueredeq \S\UP4(\(○,\S\UP2(35))) England after the well­knwn Battle f Hastingseq \S\UP4(\(○,\S\UP2(36))) in the 11th century.They had castles built all arund England[13]，and made changes t the legal system.The Nrmans were French，s many French wrds slwly entered inteq \S\UP4(\(○,\S\UP2(37))) the English language.
[7]不定式t explre作定语，修饰histry。
[8]which can help yu...是which引导的非限制性定语从句，修饰histry，which在从句中作主语。
[9] yu g in the UK是状语从句，everywhere“处处，到处”，引导状语从句。
[10]wh tk ver...是wh引导的定语从句，修饰fur different grups f peple，wh在从句中作主语。
[11]the Rmans作the first grup的同位语。
[12]peple built huses是省略了关系代词that或in which的定语从句，修饰the way，that或in which在从句中作方式状语。
[13]had castles built all arund England是have sth.dne结构，表示“让某事被做”。
There is s much mre t learn[14] abut the interesting histry and culture f the United Kingdm.Studying the histry f the cuntry will make yur visit much mre enjyable．[15]The capital city Lndn is a great place t start，as it is an ancient prteq \S\UP4(\(○,\S\UP2(38))) city that has a histry dating all the wayeq \S\UP4(\(○,\S\UP2(40))) back t eq \S\UP4(\(○,\S\UP2(39))) Rman times[16]．There are cuntless histric sites t explre，and lts f museums with ancient relics frm all ver the UKeq \S\UP4(\(○,\S\UP2(41))).The UK is a fascinatingeq \S\UP4(\(○,\S\UP2(42))) mix f histry and mdern culture，with bth new and ld traditins.If yu keep yur eyes peneq \S\UP4(\(○,\S\UP2(43)))，yu will be surprised t findeq \S\UP4(\(○,\S\UP2(44))) that yu can see bth its past and its present.
[14]There is s much mre t learn...是“There be＋主语＋t d”结构，不定式表示动作尚未发生。
[15]Studying the histry f the cuntry是动名词短语作状语。make yur visit...是make＋宾语＋宾语补足语(形容词)结构。
[16] it is...是as引导的原因状语从句，其中that引导的定语从句修饰an ancient prt city，dating all the way...是现在分词短语作后置定语修饰a histry。
译文参考
名字里有什么？
联合王国、大不列颠、英国、英格兰——许多人对这些不同的名字的含义感到困惑。如果有区别的话，那么它们之间的区别是什么呢？了解一点英国历史将有助于你解决这个难题。
16世纪，邻近的威尔士并入英格兰王国。后来，在18世纪，苏格兰加入创建了大不列颠王国。在19世纪，爱尔兰王国加入创建大不列颠及爱尔兰联合王国。最后，在20世纪，爱尔兰的南部脱离了英国，形成了我们今天的全称：大不列颠及北爱尔兰联合王国。大多数人只使用简称：“联合王国”或“英国”。来自英国的人被称为“British”，这意味着英国也经常被称为不列颠或大不列颠。
所属英国的四个国家在一些领域进行了合作。像拥有同样的货币和国防一样，他们也使用同一面国旗。然而，他们也有一些不同之处。例如，英格兰、威尔士、苏格兰和北爱尔兰都有不同的教育体系和法律体系。他们也有自己的传统，像他们自己的节日和菜肴。他们甚至有各自的足球队参加像世界杯这样的比赛！
英国有悠久而有趣的历史可以探索，这可以帮助你更多地了解这个国家和它的传统。几乎无论你走到英国的哪个地方，周围总有迹象表明，在历史上，有四批人在不同的时期统治着英国。第一批人是罗马人，在公元1世纪来到这里。他们的一些伟大成就包括建设城镇和道路。接下来，盎格鲁—撒克逊人在5世纪来到了这里。他们是英语的
创始人，并且改变了人们建造房屋的方式。维京人在8世纪来到了这里，留下了很多新词汇，以及英国许多地方的名字。最后一批是诺曼人。他们在11世纪著名的黑斯廷斯战役后征服了英格兰。他们在英格兰各地建造城堡，并对法律体系进行了改革。诺曼人是法国人，因此英语中逐渐增加了许多法语单词。
关于英国有趣的历史和文化，还有很多要学习的。研究这个国家的历史将使你的旅行更加愉快。首都伦敦是一个很好的起点，因为它是一个古老的港口城市，它的历史可以追溯到罗马时代。有无数的历史遗迹可供探索，还有许多博物馆收藏着来自英国各地的古代文物。因为具有新老传统，英国是历史与现代文化相结合，很有魅力。如果你留心的话，你会惊奇地发现你能看到它的过去和现在。