【中考宝典】中考英语(深圳地区)复习语法课件:介词
展开介词是一种虚词,用来表示词与词之间,词与句之间的关系,在句中不能单独作句子成分。 中考对介词的考查主要集中在: (1)表示时间的介词; (2)表示方位和运动方向的介词; (3)常用介词用法辨析; (4)介词与其他词类的搭配。
1. in(1) 在……时间内(星期、月、季节、年份;上午,下午,晚上): in March, in Spring, in the mrning(2) 在大地点范围内: in China, in the wrld(3) 在一段时间后: I will return t my hmetwn in a week.(4) 用……语言: Can yu say it in English?(5) 穿……衣服: The wman in blue is my mther.(6) 在某方面:His brther des well in maths.
考点 1 常见介词的意义和用法
2. n(1) 在……上方(与物体有接触): There is a bk n my desk.(2) 在……时间(具体某一天): n Mnday, n May Day, n a spring mrning(3) 关于……: This lecture is n science.(4) 在……一边: n the left, n the right3. at(1) 在……地点(较小的地方): at the airprt, at hme, at schl
(2) 在……时间点: at 4 ’clck, at this time(3) 在…… 方面: She is gd at dancing.(4) 朝……方向: pint at the tree(5) 表示速度与价格: Yu shuld drive a car at a high speed.(6) 对……感到(情绪): He is surprised at the news.4. by乘坐交通工具: We ften g t wrk by bus.(2) 用于被动语态: The cake is made by myself.
(3) 通过……方式: We imprve ur English by speaking as much as pssibly.(4) 在……附近: The lady is sitting by the windw.(5) 用…… 时间之前: They had finished the task by ten last night. (6) 从……旁边经过: Lauran passes by the pst ffice every day.5. fr(1) 一段时间: We have stayed here fr a week.
(2) 为,给,适合于(对象): These bks are suitable fr children.(3) 由于,表示原因: Plar bears can’t feel cld fr its warm cat.(4) 对于……: Swimming is gd fr ur bdy.(5) 前往某地: They will leave fr Lndn tmrrw.6. f(1) 表从属关系,属于……: a friend f his
(2) 由于,因为: die f disease/because f her illness (3) 某部分,或全部: Every f them passed this exam.(4) 表示某种性质或内容: a basket f apples(5) 表示数量和种类: all kinds f flwers, a cup f tea(6) 关于,对于: hear f(7) 表示同位: a city f Beijing
7. abut (1) 大约: It is abut 100 meters high.(2) 关于: The film is abut scientists.8. ver(1) 在……上方: There is a bridge ver the river.(2) 超过: Over 10 students g t schl by bike in ur class.(3) 越过: climb ver the high muntain(4) 遍布于: all ver the wrld
9. t(1) 给……: Please give histry bk t me.(2) 对……: be kind t sb.(3) 到……: g t the z(4) 差多少时间: twenty t five10. with (1) 和……一起: My brther smetimes plays ftball with me.(2) 有……: (表伴随状态): a girl with a pair f glasses/a huse with three rms
(3) 用……工具: cut watermelns with knives(4) 随着: With these wrds, the man came int the rm.11. withut没有: I went t wrk withut breakfast this mrning.12. 穿过,通过,经过:(1) acrss (表面通过): The dg swam acrss the ther side f river.
(2) thrugh (空间中穿过): The red car ges fast thrugh the tunnel.(3) past (路过,经过): half past nine13. since(1) 自从……以来: since then, since 1949(2) 由于,既然: He was late fr schl since he gt a cld.
14.除了……(1) besides (包含在内,除……之外还有): We are all here besides Tm. (包括Tm在内大家都到了。)(2) except (除外): We are all here except Tm. (除了Tm之外,大家都到了。)(3) but: 相当于except,但but通常与表示否定的不定代词连用。There is a nthing in the rm but a bed.
(4) except fr (表示整体除去其中的一部分): Her cmpsitin is gd except fr a few spelling mistakes.15. after(1) 在……之后:After schl, Simn jined the army.(2) 跟随: run after16. befre(1) 在……地点之前: He std befre me.
(2) 在……时间之前: I didn’t g t bed befre I finished the hmewrk.17.behind (在……后面):a blm behind the dr18.beside (在……旁边):a park beside my huse19.在……之间(1) between (两者之间): I sit between Lucy and Lily.(2) amng (三者或以上之间): I am sitting amng the trees.
20. arund(1)大约: She is arund 30 years ld.(2)在……周围,环绕着: The mn ges arund the earth.21. as 作为: As a student, I shuld bey the schl rules.22. under 在……下方: a ball under the table
1.与动词搭配:cnsist f 由……组成 dream f 梦想 get rid f 摆脱 think f (abut)思考 instead f 代替; 而不是 be made f (r frm) 由……制成receive frm 接到 suffer frm 生……(病) separate frm 把……分开 believe in 相信 be interested in 有兴趣 base n 在……基础上 depend n 依靠 rely n 依靠 belng t属于
考点2 常见的介词搭配
challenge t 向……挑战 cmpare with 与……比较 listen t 听 prefer t 更喜欢 arrive at (in) 到达 lk at 看 stare at 盯……看 ask fr 请求 aplgize fr 因……道歉lk fr 寻找 pay fr 为……付款 prepare fr 准备 search fr 寻求 thank fr 感谢 wait fr 等候agree with 同意 cmmunicate with 与……交流
考点 2 常见的介词搭配
2.与名词搭配:at first 首先 at last 最后 at that mment 在那时刻 at table 在吃饭 at mst 至多 at least 至少at hme 在家 at schl 在学校 by accident 偶然;意外地by bus 乘坐公交车 all kinds f 各种各样的 by the way顺便提一下in the end 最后;终于 in fact事实上 in time 及时 in surprise 惊讶地
in all 总共 in truble 处于困境in a hurry 匆忙地 in the pen air 在户外 in line 排成一行 in bed 在床上 in hspital 在医院 n ft步行n the way t 在去……的途中 n duty 值日 n hlidays 在假期里n shw 展出;展览 n ne’s wn 独自地 n time 准时with the help f在……的帮助下t ne’s surprise 使……惊讶的是
3.与其他词搭配:be angry with 生某人的气 be keen n 喜爱 be fnd f 喜欢be interested in 对……感兴趣 be happy with 对……感到满意be famus fr 因……而闻名 be busy with 忙于……be amazed at 对……感到惊异 be made f 由……制成(可看到原材料)be made frm由……制成(不能看到原材料)
be made by 由……制造be made int 被制造成…… be made up f 由……组成be made in 在……制造 be late fr 迟到 be prud f 为……感到骄傲be strict abut/with 对……要求严格 be different frm 与……不同be shrt f 缺乏…… be sure f 确信
be ashamed f 感到羞耻 lk after 照顾 take care f 照顾 d well in 在某方面做得好cme up with 想出 catch up with 赶上;追上 get n well with 与……相处融洽
1. in the mrning/afternn/evening 在早上/下午/晚上n a cld mrning 在某个寒冷的早上 (某天的早上)2. in frnt f 在(范围外的)前面in the frnt f 在(范围内的)前面3. in 和after 接一段时间表示“在……之后”,前者用将来时,后者用过去时。The bys will return t hmetwn in an hur.The bys went t the hmetwn after an hur.
考点 3 介词的常见考点
4. by, in和with 表示“用”, by表示用“手段、方法”; in表示用“语言”; with表示用“工具”。We can cmmunicate by bdy language.He can read it in English.Cpy dwn these with pens.5. acrss指从物体表面通过; thrugh指从物体空间穿过。They walked acrss the rad quickly.They walked thrugh the frest safely.
6. except 除外……; besides 除……之外,还有……Students g t schl every day except Saturday and Sunday.Besides swimming, I like jgging.7. between (两者之间); amng (三者或以上之间)There is a bridge between Lndn and Paris.The ld man is sitting amng the kids.
8. in, n, t 表示方位,但含义不同。Shenzhen lies in the suth f Guangdng prvince.Guangdng lies n the suth f Hunan.Japan lies t the east f China.9. fr 接时间段,since 接时间点。He has been in the city fr a lng time.He has been in the city since tw days ag.
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