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专题3 冠词复习课件
展开中考对冠词的考查主要为: 1. 冠词的基本用法; 2. 不用冠词 的情况; 3. 习惯用语中冠词的位置及使用。 Ⅰ.冠词的定义 冠词是虚词。通常放在名词之前,用来说明名词所表示的 人或事物。冠词分为不定冠词和定冠词两类。
Ⅱ.冠词的用法 1.不定冠词a, an的用法 (1)不定冠词表泛指单数的某人或某物。 (2)不定冠词a用在以辅音音素开头的单数可数名词前; 不定冠 词an用在以元音音素开头的单数可数名词前。如:a useful bk; a desk; an ld man; an actr; an “m”。 (3)第一次提到某人或某物而非特指时。如:There is a bk n the desk, but the bk isn’t mine. (4)表示人或事物的某一类。如:An elephant is bigger than a tiger. (5)用于表时间、速度、价格等意义的名词之前,有“每一”的 意思,相当于every。如: three times a week. (6)某些固定短语与不定冠词有搭配关系。如:have a gd; time; a few; a little; half an hur等。
2.定冠词the的用法 (1)定冠词the, 用来特指某人或某物, 双方都知道的人或物的 名词前, 或用于第二次提到的某人或某物。如: Open the dr, please. There is a kite n the wall. The kite is new. (2)表示世界上独一无二的事物的名词前。如: the sun; the mn; the earth; the sky (3)用在序数词或形容词最高级前。如: March is the third mnth f a year. He is the cleverest by in his class. (4)用在某些形容词前, 表示一类人。如: the rich; the pr; the yung; the ld等。
(5)用在乐器名词前。如:play the vilin (6)用在表示方位的名词前。如:in the east/nrth/west/suth (7)用在表示山脉、海洋、江河、湖泊、群岛、建筑物、名胜 古迹等专有名词前。如: the Yellw River; the Great Wall; the West Lake; the White Huse等。 (8)用在姓氏复数前,表示一家人或一个家庭。如: the Greens; the Whites等。 (9)用于形容词或副词比较级等构成“ ”的句式中, 表示“越……越……”。如: The mre, the better. (10)用于一些固定搭配中。如: lk the same; in the end; in the afternn等。
3.不用冠词的情况 (1)有些专有名词、抽象名词和物质名词前一般不用冠词。 如: China; Japanese; milk; lve等。 (2)名词前已有作定语用的this, that, my, yur, whse, sme, any, n, each, every等代词时,不用冠词。 如:This is my ruler. (3)复数名词表示一类人或事物时, 不用冠词。 如:They are teachers. (4)称呼语前不用冠词, 表示头衔和职务的名词前也不加 冠词。 如:I dn’t feel well tday, Mum.
(5)一日三餐、球类活动、学科名词前,球类活动。如: I have lunch at hme. He ften plays sccer after class. Science is my favrite subject. (6)在节日、星期、月份、季节等名词前。如: Teachers’ Day; Mther’s Day; n Mnday; in May; in summer等。 (7)在某些固定搭配里, 名词之前常不用冠词。如: by bus; n ft; at hme; at night; g t schl; frm mrning till night等。
【例1】 (2011金华) My mther is ________ English teacher in N. 2 Middle Schl. A. a B. the C. an D. / 解析:本题考查不定冠词的用法。以元音音素开头的单词前要用不定冠词an,故选C。
【例2】 (2011河北) She learned t play ________ pian all by herself. A. a B. an C. the D. 不填 解析: 本题考查定冠词的用法。 在乐器名词前要用定冠词the。故选C。
【例3】 (2011嘉兴、舟山) —Wh’s that lvely girl? —Yu mean ________ girl with lng hair? That’s Kate. A. a B. an C. the D. 不填 解析:本题考查定冠词的用法。在特指的名词前用定冠词。根据句意“那长头发的女孩”,因此girl 前用the。故选C。
【例4】 (2010丽水) Many peple think that 2012 is ne f ________ mst successful films. A. a B. an C. the D. 不填 解析:本题考查定冠词的用法。形容词最高级前面要用定冠词the。故选C。
【例5】 (2010杭州) —D yu enjy yur stay in Hangzhu? —Yes. I’ve had ________ wnderful time. A. / B. a C. the D. an 解析:本题考查固定短语与不定冠词搭配的关系。have a wnderful time玩的高兴。故选B。
【例6】 (2011衢州) Justin Bieber is ________ Canadian singer and he has lts f fans. A. a B. an C. the D. 不填 解析:本题考查不定冠词与定冠词的区别。根据题意Justin Bieber是一个加拿大歌手,应用不定冠词表泛指,Canadian以辅音音素开头须用a。故选A。
【例7】 (2011宿迁) Lily is ________ active girl and she is fnd f playing ________ vlleyball. A. an; a B. a; the C. an;/ D. a;/ 解析: 本题考查不定冠词及不用冠词的情况。根据句意“Lily 是一个活泼的女孩”,应用表泛指的不定冠词,且active以元音开头,则选an;球类活动前不用冠词,故选C。
Ⅰ.单项选择( )1. English is ________ internatinal language. (2011芜湖) A. a B. an C./ D. the 解析:考查冠词。language 是可数名词; internatinal是以元音音素开头的单词。 不定冠词an在这里指事物某一类。
( )2. We usually g t ________ schl n weekdays, and smetimes g t ________ cinema at weekends. (2011天津) A. 不填;the B. the; the C. the; 不填 D. 不填;不填 解析:考查冠词。g t schl 固定用法, g t a/the cinema 也是固定用法, a/the cinema 表示一类事物。
( )3. We will see ________ even strnger China in ________ near future. (2011无锡) A. a; the B. an; the C. the; a D. an; a 解析:考查冠词in the near future“在不久的将来”是个固定搭配;even是以元音因素开头的词,故选B。
( )4. —What are yu ging t be when yu grw up, Sam? — ________ teacher like yu. (2011台州) A. A B. An C. The D./解析:考查冠词。a 修饰以辅音音素开头的单数可数名词;an修饰以元音音素开头的单数可数名词。the表特指。句意为“你长大了打算干什么?”“像你一样做一位老师。”故选A。
( )5. —Lk at ________ skirt. I bught it fr mther n Mther’s Day, isn’t it nice? —Oh, what ________ nice present! (2011黄石) A. a; a B. a; the C. the; a D.a; 不填 解析:考查冠词。特指这条裙子用冠词the; 感叹句中只能用不定冠词不能用定冠词。
( )6. This nvel can make yu laugh and cry at ________ same time. (2011上海) A. a B. an C. the D. / 解析:考查固定短语。at the same time意为“同时”,该句意为“这本小说能同时让你笑和哭”。故选D。
( )7. Let’s have ________ break; I want t make ________ telephne call. (2011包头) A. a; a B. a; the C. the; a D. the; the 解析:考查固定短语的构成。 have a break是固定搭配,意为“休息一下”; make a telephne call也是固定搭配,意为“打电话”。 故选A。
( )8. ________ are planning t g n vacatin. (2011乌鲁木齐) A. Black’s B. A Black’s C. The Black’s D. The Blacks 解析:考查冠词。the加姓的复数形式表示“一家人”。
( )9. —Hw lng des it take us t g t yur hmetwn frm here? —It takes us ________ hur r mre t g t my hmetwn by ________ train. (2011呼和浩特) A. an; a B. a ; an C. an;/ D. a;/ 解析:考查冠词。hur [auə]第一个字母h不发音,所以一小时应用an hur; by 介词,当交通工具前无修饰词时,用介词by且名词前不用冠词。
( )10. Which f the fllwing phnetic transcriptin(音标) is right fr the phrase “the egg”? (2011杭州) A. /ðə eg/ B. /ði eg/ C. /θi eg/ D. /di eg/ 解析:考查定冠词。定冠词the在元音因素前发[ði]而不发[ðə]。[e]是元音,故选B。
Ⅱ.根据上下文或中文意思填入所缺单词 Reading bk is a gd (爱好) fr all kinds f reasns. First, reading is funny. Yu can always keep yurself amused if yu like reading. This is especially useful when the (天气) is bad. It is a relaxing hbby, t. Yu can really becme lst in a bk. Next, yu can read bk almst anywhere: in a car, in a waitingrm, n a plane, in bed—even in the bath. All yu need is a bk! Reading is a cnvenient hbby as it is easy t stp and then start again.
Anther gd (原因) fr reading bks is that is useful. If yu read as a hbby, yu will get better and better at it. This means that yu will read faster and will becme better at understanding what yu read. As yur reading imprves, yu will prbably find yur schl wrk becmes much easier. Many schl (功课) depend n gd reading and, as yu read, yu learn mre and mre. Sme peple say that reading is ut f date. This is nt true. Yu have t be able t read t use a , and the better yu read, better yur cmputer skills will be. Reading is hardly ut f date!
Gd (读者) are mst likely t be gd writers, t. They are usually gd at spelling as well, and have mre things t write abut. Reading bks is a wnderful hbby, ne f best. What ther hbbies culd be mre useful, r mre enjyable?
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