高考英语复习课件：高考写作6大增分锦囊 2.书面表达训练三步法

这是一份高考英语复习课件：高考写作6大增分锦囊 2.书面表达训练三步法，共28页。PPT课件主要包含了英语作文训练的三大步等内容，欢迎下载使用。

第一步, 文从字顺的初级阶段第二步, 多悟思变的过渡阶段第三步, 文质兼美的高级阶段
第一步：文从字顺的初级阶段
语言错误多，汉语式的句子多多数考生写的作文要点很全面，但是由于英语语言基础知识不扎实，语言不规范，也往往失分严重。最突出的语言错误有以下几种：（1）主谓不一致。 ① Father and I am ging t visit her. ② My uncle ften g t the cinema himself. （2）时态、语态混用。 ① The meal is s nice that we all enjyed it very much. ② The ld man kncked dwn by the car and injured badly. （3）句子成分残缺。 ① But the car which painted red didn’t stp. ② The yung man running in the street fast. ③ He wuldn’t able t wrk ut the prblem. ④ We all against all frms f terrrist activities.
（4）习惯搭配乱用。 ① I very like the nvel. ② Then we set ff digging, planting and watering. （5）汉式英语。 a) The car is yellw clur. b)He cst five yuan t buy a new dictinary. c)Recently ur village has taken place great changes. d)The factry brke ut a big fire last Sunday. e)Chinese ppulatin is many.（6）名词单、复数不分。 ① He will give us a talk n American film. ② He is ne f the best player in ur schl.
（7）赘词现象严重。 ① At last, the lst by returned back. ② On ne day, he went t the cinema. （8）用词不当。 I hpe yu t help the girl with her hmewrk. （9）拼写和词形变化错误。 ① The car hitted the ld man and drived away. ② On his way t schl, he sew a little girl. （10）前后人称不一致。 ① Swimming and ftball are his favurite sprts, he likes it all his life. ② The little girl usually ges t schl at 7 in the mrning, but tday he was late fr schl.
（11）结构错误: a)Having heard the news, her heart beat faster and faster. b) He wrte abut 300 stries, sme f them had been translated int Chinese. c)We shuld teach children dn’t play and ride bikes n the rad. d)There were hundreds f students culdn’t g t schl because they were pr. (12)词义不清楚: a)He managed t swim acrss the river, but failed. b)I’ve delayed t return yu the bk English Usage,which yu brrwed me tw days befre. c)I was very difficult t refuse and had t receive her invitatin.
句子表达多样性的途径 高考英语书面表达新的评分标准要求考生使用高级词汇、复杂句式、过渡性词语和不同的表达方式，从而增加文章的可读性和表现力。1)改变句子的语序，通过倒装某成分、倒装句、强调句、感叹句等手段实现句子形式的多样化，使句子跌宕起伏，文章生动活泼。a.He gt up very early t catch the bus.→ T catch the bus， he gt up very early. b.The girl, hungry and thirsty, went back hme.→ The girl went back hme,hungry and thirsty. c.Tm knew his mistakes nly then.→ Only then did Tm knw his mistakes.
第二步：多悟思变的过渡阶段
d.The news that ur ftball team had wn came sn.→ The news came sn that ur ftball team had began t rain just at ten ’clck.→ e.It was at ten ’clck it began t rain...
2)　用复合句（定从、状从、名词性从句、并列句等）来代替简单句，使语言由松散变凝练，增强句子的连贯性和句意的表现力，使行文更富文采。a）I was walking alng Park Rad twards the east. At that time, an elderly man came ut f the park n the ther side f the street.→ I was walking alng Park Rad twards the east when an elderly man came ut f the park n the ther side f the street.
I heard that Beijing wn the bid fr the 2008 Olympic Games .I was excited. → I was excited t hear that Beijing wn the bid fr the 2008 Olympic Gamesb ) The flat is in a building n Fangca street. It is nt far frm Jianxin Chinese Schl.→ The flat,which is in a building n Fangca street., is nt far frm Jianxin Chinese Schl.c ) This is the place. I wrked with the farmers in the past.→ This is the place where I wrked with the farmers in the past.d) Mary std in frnt f the windw. Frm that place she culd see her classmates playing ftball.→ Mary std in frnt f the windw frm where she culd see her classmates playing ftball.
3) 同位语从句与写作1.I believe yu have hardly any idea hw anxius I’ve been fr yur safety.2.I had little idea at that time whether they were willing t give me a hand.3.I have hardly any dubt that she can d as well as I can.4. I have n impressin what he had dne befre.5. In my pinin, there seems t be a fear in him that he wuld be taken in by us.6. There seems t be n pssibility that high il prices will have a prfund impact n the wrld ecnmy.7. The prblem must be paid attentin t that mre and mre schl children are addicted t Internet games.8. Yur suggestin made last week that we wrkers shuld get a pay rise has nw been adpted.9. Wrd came that ur team had wn the students hld the pint that what a bk says is made a prmise last night that if I passed the exam, he wuld buy me a is an interesting fact that when men try t d the same things as nature des, they usually have t d them in a different way.
4) 多使用短语结构来简化从句或合并短句：常见的短语结构有分词短语、介词短语、名词短语、同位语结构和独立主格结构。It was fine. We went ut.→It being fine, we went ut.When yu are crssing the street, yu must be very careful. → When crssing the street, yu must be very careful.If the trees were given mre water, they wuld have grwn better. → Given mre water, they wuld have grwn better.
The yung man culdn’t help crying when he heard the bad news. → Hearing the bad news，the yung man culdn’t help crying.It’s a small flat. It’s 25 square meters. It has a bedrm, a bathrm and a kitchen . → It’s a small flat f 25 square meters, with a bedrm, a bathrm and a kitchen .
精确词汇及高级词汇：1. He will be arriving sn . →He will be arriving pretty sn .2. They pured the waste water int the river .→ They pured the waste water directly int the river .3. He gt angry .→He gt a little bit angry .4. I dn’t understand . →I dn’t quite understand .5. If yu have any prblems , yu can shut ut . → If yu have any prblems , just yell .6. They planted trees arund the schl .→ They planted trees thrughut the campus .7. The plice treated the whites better than the blacks.→ The plice favred the white ver the black.8. “What are they ding ?” he thught . →“What are they ding ?” he figured .
第三步：文质兼美的高级阶段
怎样使用较高级的词汇和 “固式结构”: Because the weather was gd, ur jurney was cmfrtable.→ The weather being gd,ur jurney was all think he is a great man.→We all cnsider him t be a great I thught ut a gd idea.→ Suddenly a gd idea ccurred t me.
使用排比① Whether yur tastes are mdern n traditinal, sphisticated r simple, there is plenty in Lndn fr yu.② Nwadays, energy can be btained thrugh varius surces such as il, cal, natural gas, slar heat, the wind and cean tides.③ We have gt t study hard, t enlarge ur scpe f knwledge, t realize ur ptentials and t pay fr ur life.长短句交替使用，体现表达节奏美 长句和短句是就句子的字数多少、形体长短而言的。长句和短句各有其优点和缺点。长句，因为使用的定语、状语较多，限制了概念的外延，增大了概念的内涵，所以比较精确、严密，但使用起来不够活泼简便。短句，由于字数少，直截了当，一般比较简洁、明快、有力，但不利于表达复杂的语义内容。在具体语言活动中，最好长短句交替使用。这既体现了节奏上的要求，也是意义上的需要。例如：
We can imagine the beautiful surrundings.There are many trees alng the streets.There is a clean river in the city. There are many fishes in the river.There are willw trees n the ne side.There are sme pieces f grassland n the ther side.There are many flwers n them. 文中七个句子都是简单句，句型结构单一，而且句子长短同一，都在七八词左右，十分单调。下面是修改后的段落： Just imagine the beautiful surrundings if we make ur cities greener.Green trees line the streets.A clean river winds thrugh the city, in which a lt f fishes arund. On the ne side stand rws f willw trees.On the ther side lies a stretch f grassland sprinkled with many yellw and red flwers. 改写后的这段文字，有长句，也有短句，一长一短，抑扬顿挫的节奏感就出来了。不仅使句子长短交插，而且句型结构变化也很大，使文章流畅自然，生动活泼。
为了丰富外国留学生的生活，你校学生会将举办一次音乐周活动。请你以组织者的身份写一个书面通知。有关内容如下：时间：5月第一周活动：（1）演唱歌曲：流行歌曲 (2 ) 器乐演奏：古典和民间音乐 （3）音乐比赛：听歌曲片段，然后猜出处地点：届时通知参加者请于4月20日前报名。注意：（1）书面通知应写成一篇连贯的短文； （2）可以适当增减细节； （3）词数100左右； （4）通知格式已为你写好。 参考词汇：古典—classical 民间—flk 比赛—cntest 乐器—musical -instruments
NOTICE① The Students Unin has decided t rganize a music week. ② The aim f the activities is t enrich the lives f freign students. ③ It will be held in the first week f May. ④ The activities include singing pp sngs and playing classical and flk music. ⑤ Bring yur wn musical instruments, please. ⑥ A music cntest will be included, t. ⑦ The students taking part in the cntest will listen t a part f a sng r a piece f music, and then guess where it cmes frm. ⑧ If yu’d like t take part in the music week, please cme and sign up fr it befre April 20th. ⑨ The place fr the activities will be annunced later. ⑩ Cme t the great fun! Students’ Unin
过渡词的应用: 有的学生在作文中使用过多的简单句 ，成了简单句的堆砌，句子之间内在的逻辑关系含糊不清，意思支离破碎。有的写复杂句时，动辄用s, and, then, but, r, hwever, yet等，这非但达不到丰富表达方式的目的，反而使句子结构松散、呆板。如果合理使用过渡词，将单句前后合并，形成主次关系，就能把一个比较复杂的内容和关系表达得层次清楚、意义连贯、结构严谨。。
使用连接词，将单句与其前后合并，形成主次关系，就把一个比较复杂的内容和关系表达得层次清楚、结构严谨。例如： Natural resurces are very limited. They will be exhausted in the near future. It is nt true. But it becmes a majr cncern arund the wrld. This is a widely accepted fact.这段文字用简单句表达，它们之间内在的逻辑关系含糊不清，意思支离破碎。It is a widely accepted fact __that__ there is a majr cncern arund the wrld where___ the exhaustin f limited natural resurces in the near future, ___which___ it is cnsidered t be true.
启、承、转、合的过渡词语： (1) 用于“启” 的过渡词语（常用在段落或文章的开头）first, first f all, at first, in the first place, firstly, t start with, recently, nw, at present, in recent years, in general, generally speaking, at present, lately, currently,It is ften said that…As the prverb says…It ges withut saying that…It is clear/bvius that…Many peple ften ask…
启、承、转、合的过渡词语：(2) 用于“承” 的过渡词语（通常用在段落中的第一个扩展句中）secnd, similarly, in additin, besides, then, furthermre, mrever, what is mre, what is wrse, fr example, fr instance, certainly, surely, bviusly, in ther wrds, especially, particularly, in particular, indeed, still, third, truly, in fact, at the same time, n dubt,It is true that…Everybdy knws that…It, can be easily prved that…N ne can deny that…The reasn why…is that…There is n dubt that…T take…fr an example(instance)…What is mre serius is that…
启、承、转、合的过渡词语：(3) 用于“转” 的过渡词语（通常用在段落中的第二个扩展句中）but, hwever, n the ther hand, n the cntrary, in cntrast, in any case, at any rate,nevertheless, therwise, r, r else, while, whereas, but, despite, in spite f…, yet, instead,I d nt believe that…Perhaps yu’ll ask why…This may be true， but we still have a prblem with regard t…Thugh we are in basic agreement with…, yet differences will be fund.That’s why I feel that…
启、承、转、合的过渡词语：(4) 用于“合” 的过渡词语（通常用在段落的结论句或文章的结论段中）in a wrd, in general, in shrt, abve all, after all, generally speaking, t sum up, finally, in cnclusin, at last, in summary, there fre, as a result, abve all, thus, after all, eventually, hence, in shrt, in cnclusin, in a wrd, in sum, n the whle, t sum upFrm this pint f view…On accunt f this we can find that…The result is dependent n…Thus, this is the reasn why we must…
Exerxise:运用适当的过渡词（1）湖北卷 I’m very glad t have received the letter yu sent me tw weeks ag. I’ve been thinking abut the questin yu asked me. ___________, yu shuld cme back after yu finish yur studies abrad. ___________, what yu are studying is badly needed nwadays in China. It will be quite easy fr yu t find a gd jb. __________, I knw a few big cmpanies in ur city are hping t hire peple like yu. __________, I think it will be much mre cnvenient fr yu t lk after yur parents as they are getting ld. _________, I think it’s a gd idea fr yu t return. ______ what are yu waiting fr?
(2) 福建卷My Opinin n Cheating in Examinatins __________________ that sme students cheat in examinatins at schl. As students, we ften take examinatins at schl, ______ smetimes we have t many examinatins which are t difficult fr us. ____________, sme f us are lazy and dn’t wrk hard at ur lessns. ________ when taking examinatins, they smetimes cheat in rder t get better results t please their parents and teachers. __________, it is wrng t cheat in examinatins because it breaks the rules f schls. We students shuld be hnest and try t get gd results by studying hard__________ cheating in examinatins. ________, we shuld imprve ur study methds and get well prepared fr examinatins.