云南省昆明市2020年中考英语真题含答案解析

这是一份云南省昆明市2020年中考英语真题含答案解析，共28页。


1．— Excuse me, is this Alice's pencil bx?
—Yes, it is. It’s ________.
A．mineB．ursC．hersD．theirs
2．Yu are nt allwed t play with fire in the frest. It ________kill plants, animals and even peple.
A．mightB．might ntC．shuldD．shuld nt
3．My hmetwn, Kunming, is famus ________fresh flwers. N matter when yu visit it, they will catch yur eye.
A．asB．frC．fD．by
4．Since 1989, Prject Hpe________millins f yung peple frm pr families achieve their dreams f ging t schl.
A．will helpB．helpsC．has helpedD．is helping
5．— Hell, may I speak t Gina?
— ________
A．Hi, this is Gina speaking.B．Hi, I’m Gina.
C．May I knw yur address?D．May I take a message fr yu?
6．Garbage-srting（垃圾分类） encurages peple t live________life than befre. It makes the earth a better place t live in.
A．a greenerB．the greenest C．a wilder D．the wildest
7．— Gd mrning, Lily. ________?
— Thursday. It’s the Dragn Bat Festival.
A．Hw’s everything tdayB．What day is it tday
C．Hw’s the weather tdayD．What’s the date tday
8．We will never see Kbe play anther basketball game, ________we will always remember him.
A．becauseB．unlessC．butD．if
9．A 12-year-ld by frm Hunan invented a new kind f windw because f his ________.The windw can prevent children frm falling ut.
A．cmmunicatinB．celebratinC．hnestD．creativity
10．It's reprted that the 2020 Tky Olympic Games have been ________until July 23,2021.
A．put upB．put dwnC．put nD．put ff
11．As cmmn peple, the medical wrkers chse t stand ut and ________thers withut thinking twice. They are the mst beautiful angels.
A．prtectB．prtectingC．admireD．admiring
12．—________rapid prgress ur cuntry is making in science and technlgy!
—S it is. We are enjying the cnvenience f mdern technlgy.
A．HwB．WhatC．What aD．What an
13．—Jack will have a birthday party tmrrw. D yu knw ________?
—I’m nt sure. Let's call Cathy and she may knw smething abut it.
A．hw can I get thereB．what gift he prefers
C．why didn't he invite meD．where the party was held
14．If yu are ging t be a cmputer prgrammer, yu’d better start with the ABC f cmputers.
A．English grammarB．English lettersC．the difficultiesD．the basic knwledge
15．When we teenagers have prblems in getting n well with parents, it's necessary t put urselves in parents’ shes.
A．wear parents' shesB．get parents shes
C．cnsider in parents' psitinD．put parents t truble
D yu knw what "paying it frward" means? It's nt paying fr smething befre yu buy it, " Paying it frward" is t d smething nice fr anther persn fr n 16 . Then that persn des smething nice fr smene else.
Yu may think this desn't seem like much. But this nice act can spread quite 17 .
One day in December 2015, a wman was buying a meal at McDnald's in Flrida, US. She als 18 a meal fr the persn standing in line behind her. That persn did the same thing, and the next persn did it, 19 . Sn, 250 peple had dne anther persn the act f 20 !
But yu 21 spend mney t pay fr it frward. There are examples f paying it frward every day like vlunteering, giving fd t 22 r ding smething nice fr smene arund yu.
Try it ut fr 23 . All yu have t d is lk fr 24 things that yu culd d make smene happy. Then, ask them t spread the wrd and d three kind things fr smene else. And when smene des smething nice fr yu, dn't 25 t d the same.
16．A．space B．actin C．reasn
17．A．fast B． slwly C． hardly
18．A．madeB．bughtC．sld
19．A．tB．eitherC．als
20．A．madnessB． pliteness C．kindness
21．A．wuld like tB．are suppsed t C． dn't need t
22．A．the richB．the hmelessC．the missing
23．A．myselfB．yurselfC．itself
24．A．smallB．awfulC．strange
25．A．agreeB．frgetC．decide
Rbts have built a big huse in Switzerland using 3D-printed materials. It is the first huse made by rbts fr peple t live in. It is mre envirnmentally friendly and safer than man-made huses.
The creatrs say the big huse will inspire the future f building. “This is a new way seeing architecture（建筑）,” said ne f the creatrs. "Hw yu build is imprtant."
The big huse was built cmpletely frm rbt-made materials. It used 60% less cement（水泥）than a man-made huse. Its ceilings（天花板）were made with a 3D printer. There are 35 parts in the huse and each ne was built in 60 t 90 minutes. It means that the rbts built the full huse in just 48 hurs.
It is nt the first time fr rbts t build huses. The Chinese used 3D printers t build 10 huses in a day in 2014. They created a building the next year. And last year Italians built a huse in just 48 hurs.
Scientists say ne day they culd send rbts t build huses n the mn. We are curius abut hw we're building fr the future.
根据短文内容，判断句子正（T）误（F）。
26．The big huse is the first huse made by rbts.________
27．The big huse des less harm t the envirnment than man-made nes.________
28．The 35 parts f the big huse were built frm rbt-made materials.________
29．The Chinese created a 3D-printed building in just 48 hurs in 2014. ________
30．Rbts were nce sent t the mn t build huses. ________
N ne wants t be in a life-r-death situatin. Hwever, if yu are in a dangerus situatin, what will yu d, fight r flight?
When 13-year-ld Je Rwlands and his dad were in a kayak（皮艇） accident, the brave teenager chse t fight. He nt nly fught fr his wn life, but als saved his father's.
On that day, Je and his father Paul were ut n their kayak ff the cast f Anglesey in the UK. Suddenly they nticed that the kayak was starting t fill with water. Then they fund ut there was a hle in the flr f the bat. Withut anther chice, Paul turned the bat ver. He asked Je t climb n tp s that he culd push the bat t a nearby island.
Hwever, the rugh （汹涌的）waves made it t hard fr Paul t push the bat t land. They had t swim withut the bat. Luckily, Je made his way t the island safely. But when he lked back, he fund his dad was n lnger swimming. Risking his life, Je jumped back int the cld water and managed t drag（拽） his dad up nt sme rcks. Then Je did CPR（心肺复苏） n his dad until he came arund.
“I knw I can never pay him back fr saving my life and I'm very prud f him. He acted with curage beynd his years, "Paul said f his sn.
根据短文内容，选择最佳答案。
31．What did Je d that day?
A．He went kayaking with his dad.B．He went kayaking all by himself.
C．He watched a kayak race at hme.D．He walked alng the cast f Anglesey.
32．When the bat started t fill with water, hw did Paul deal with it?
A．By fixing the bat up.B．By shuting fr help.
C．By turning the bat ver. D．By pushing the bat with Je.
33．After finding his dad was n lnger swimming, Je .
A．swam t the island nearbyB．dragged the bat nt rcks t save his dad
C．did CPR n his dad at nceD．jumped back int the water t save his dad
34．What des the underlined phrase “came arund” mst prbably mean?
A．Lst his life.B．Came back t life.
C．Ran arund the rck.D．Gave up the bat.
35．Frm the passage, we can infer（推断）that .
A．Paul and Je successfully finished their kayaking
B．Je shwed the ability t face danger withut fear
C．Paul was angry because Je risked his life t save him
D．Je chse t depend n his dad in the life-r-death situatin
Yuan Lngping, a great scientist, is the first persn t develp a kind f hybrid rice （杂交水稻） which helps fight hunger in China.
Fd was a big prblem in China in the past. This was because China had 22 percent f the wrld's ppulatin, but nly 7 percent f its farmland. In the 1960s, China suffered （遭受）serius hunger. Millins f peple died because they had n fd. As an agrnmy （农学） teacher, Yuan was very sad t see this. “Hw can I help them have enugh fd?” he thught. He decided t wrk n a kind f hybrid rice. It has a high utput（产量）.
At that time, ther scientists didn't think hybrid rice was wrth studying. But Yuan and his team wrked n it every day. They tk very gd care f their rice seeds.
At last, in 1973, they grew a new kind f hybrid rice. This rice is strng. Farmers can grw it in many different kinds f farmland and als in bad weather. It can als fight disease. Its utput was much greater than cmmn kinds f nice. With the new kind, abut 70,000,000 peple culd have fd every year.
Yuan slved the fd prblem in China. But he is still wrking n rice. Befre he retires （退休）, he hpes t grw rice in the sea!
根据短文内容，选择最佳答案。
36．Why was fd a big prblem in China in the past?
A．Because farmers didn't grw nice.
B．Because farmers didn't have rice seeds.
C．Because China had n mney t buy plenty f fd.
D．Because China had a large ppulatin but a little farmland.
37．Hw did Yuan Lngping help peple have enugh fd?
A．He discvered anther kind f fd.
B．He brrwed enugh fd frm ther cuntries.
C．He develped a kind f hybrid rice with his team.
D．He started being an agrnmy teacher t study nice.
38．Which f the fllwing is NOT mentined abut the new kind f hybrid rice?
A．It is able t fight disease.B．It is grwn acrss the wrld.
C．Its utput is much higher.D．It can be grwn in different farmland.
39．Yuan Lngping wishes t befre he retires.
A．grw rice in the seaB．have a gd rest
C．keep several pet catsD．help peple in Africa
40．What des this passage mainly talk abut?
A．The new kind f hybrid rice is wrth studying.
B．The new kind f hybrid rice was invented in China.
C．Yuan Lngping grew the new kind f hybrid rice fr many years.
D．Yuan Lngping has played an imprtant rle in slving China's fd prblem.
41．
Yu may have already frgtten the days when yu had t learn hw t use chpsticks. Every Chinese kid struggles with them fr sme time.42． They cme with their wn special rules and traditins.
43． Playing with chpsticks is seen as bad manners, just as making nise with frks and knives in a Western cuntry wuld be rude.
There are als sme superstitins （迷信） related t chpsticks. Fr example, sme peple believe that chpsticks shuld nt be left standing upright in a bwl. It lks like the incense （香）that Chinese use t hnr the dead.44．
Yu shuld nt tap chpsticks n the edge f the bwl either, as beggars d this t ask fr fd. Parents may get mad if children d this as they dn't want their children t be as pr as beggars in the future.
Apart frm being tableware, chpsticks can als be a great gift.45．Newlyweds（新婚夫妇）smetimes receive chpsticks as a wedding gift. Skilled craftsmen paint beautiful images n chpsticks t make them lk like fine artwrks.
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
A．Hw Chinese kids learn t use chpsticks
B．Peple shuld nt make nise with chpsticks
C．Learn the rules and traditins behind chpsticks
D．Ding it at the dinner table is believed t bring bad luck.
E.But chpsticks are nt just simple tls t pick up fd
F.We shuld learn the traditinal culture behind frks and knives well.
G.In Chinese, “chpsticks” reads “kuaizi”, which means t have babies sn.
Where I'm frm, were pretty relaxed abut time. We dn't like t rush arund, s we46．（mind）if peple are a little late smetimes, If yu tell a friend yu're ging t their huse fr dinner, it's OK if yu arrive a bit late. We47．（real） enjy ur time slwly, We48．（valuable）the time we spend with ur family and friends in ur everyday lives. We ften just drp by ur friends' hmes if we have time.49．（besides）, we dn't usually have t make plans t meet ur friends. We ften just walk arund the twn center, seeing as many f ur friends as we can！
In Switzerland, it's very imprtant50．（is） n time. We're the capital f clcks and watches, after all! If smene invites yu t meet him r her at nn, then yu 51．（expect） t be there at nn. If yu're even 15 minutes late.52．（yu） friend may get mad. S I make an53．（effrt） t be n time when I meet my friends. I always leave the huse early t avid heavy traffic because I think it's implite t keep thers54．（wait）. Als, we never visit a friend's huse withut calling55．（ne）. We almst always make plans t see friends. We usually plan t d smething interesting, r g smewhere tgether.
A: Amy, yu’ve learned English fr half a year, 56．?
B: I think it’s s hard. I can’t learn it well. 57．?
A: With pleasure. What’s yur prblem?
B: My biggest prblem is that I can’t get the prnunciatin right.
A: Well, listening can help. 58．.
B: OK. Then I’m als a slw reader and I want t imprve it.
A: Try nt t read wrd by wrd. Read wrd grups.
B: Sunds helpful. I will try my best. Anything else?
A: Nthing much. 59．.
B: I hpe s, 60．.
A: Yu are welcme.
61．My last winter vacatin
由于疫情，今年我们经历了一个别样的寒假，你是否合理安排并度过了一个有意义的假期？请你用英文以“My last winter vacatin”为题写一篇短文，叙述你的寒假生活。
要求：1.语言流畅、书写规范、卷面整洁，词数不少于60个；
2.文中不得使用你的真实姓名、校名，否则以零分计；
3.书面表达必须写在答题卡上，如在本卷上作答，一律不得分。
__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
参考答案
1．C
【解析】
【分析】
【详解】
句意：——抱歉打扰，这是爱丽丝的铅笔盒么？——是的，这是她的铅笔盒。
考查名词性物主代词。mine我的东西；urs我们的东西；hers她的东西；theirs他们的东西。根据Alice's pencil bx可知此处用hers表示“是她的铅笔盒”，相当于her pencil bx。故选C。
2．A
【解析】
【分析】
【详解】
句意：不准在森林里玩火。它可能会杀死植物、动物甚至人类。
本题考查情态动词。might可能，表示推测；might nt可能不，表示推测；shuld应该，表示建议；shuld nt不应该，表示建议。根据Yu are nt allwed t play with fire in the frest. 可知，在森林里不可以玩火，因此推测可能会杀死植物、动物或人。故选A。
【点睛】
3．B
【解析】
【分析】
【详解】
句意：我的家乡昆明以鲜花而闻名。不管你什么时候去，它们都会吸引你的目光。
考查介词。as作为；fr因为；f……的；by通过。be famus fr意为“因……而出名”，fr后接出名的原因；be famus as意为“作为……而出名”，as后接某种身份或职业的名词。原句空格后fresh flwers是昆明出名的原因，所以空格处填介词fr，故选B。
4．C
【解析】
【分析】
【详解】
句意：自1989以来，希望工程已经帮助了数百万贫困家庭的年轻人实现了上学的梦想。
考查时态。will help一般将来时；helps一般现在时；has helped现在完成时；is helping现在进行时。根据时间状语Since 1989，可知该句应用现在完成时have/has dne，又因为主语为Prject Hpe，所以用has，故选C。
5．A
【解析】
【分析】
【详解】
句意：——你好，可否请吉娜来接电话？ ——你好，我是吉娜。
考查情景交际。A. Hi, this is Gina speaking.你好，我是吉娜；B. Hi, I’m Gina. 你好，我是吉娜；C. May I knw yur address? 我可以知道你的地址吗？；D. May I take a message fr yu? 我可以给你捎个口信吗？。在电话用语中，一般用this和that指代交谈的双方。接听电话一般用This is …，故选A。
6．A
【解析】
【分析】
【详解】
句意：垃圾分类鼓励人们过上比以前更环保的生活。它使地球变得更适合居住。
考查比较级。a greener更环保的；the greenest最环保的；a wilder更野蛮的；the wildest最野蛮的。根据句中的than befre，可知应用比较级；live a…life意为“过上……的生活”，根据句意和常识，可知应该是过上比以前更环保的生活，故选A。
7．B
【解析】
【分析】
【详解】
句意：——早上好，莉莉？今天是星期几呢？ ——星期四。今天是端午节。
考查情景交际。A. Hw’s everything tday今天一切还好吗；B. What day is it tday今天星期几；C. Hw’s the weather tday今天天气怎么样；D. What’s the date tday今天是几号。根据答句Thursday提示，空格处问的是今天星期几，故选B。
8．C
【解析】
【分析】
【详解】
句意：我们再也看不到科比再打篮球了，但我们会永远记住他。
考查连词。because因为；unless除非；but但是，表转折；if如果。根据句意前后两句表示转折关系，故选C。
9．D
【解析】
【分析】
【详解】
句意：一个来自湖南的12岁男孩因为他的创造力发明了一种新型窗户。这种窗户可以防止孩子掉下来。
主要考查名词含义。cmmunicatin交流，名词；celebratin庆祝，名词；hnest诚实的，形容词；creativity创造力，名词。形容词性物主代词his后应跟名词，所以排除选项C；又根据句中的“invented a new kind f windw”可知，发明出新型窗户是“因为他的创造力”，故选D。
10．D
【解析】
【分析】
【详解】
句意：据报道，2020年东京奥运会将推迟到2021年7月23日举行。
考查动词短语辨析。put up张贴；搭建；put dwn写下，记下；put n穿上；上映；put ff推迟。根据句意可知，这里表示2020东京奥运会推迟到了2021年，故选D。
11．A
【解析】
【分析】
【详解】
句意：作为普通人，医护人员会不假思索地挺身而出保护他人。他们是最美丽的天使。
考查动词辨析。prtect保护；prtecting动名词或现在分词形式；admire钦佩，赞美；admiring是动名词或现在分词形式。根据句意可知，医护人员站出来保护其他人，C和D意思不对，先排除。该空前and连接并列成分，与空前的stand ut一致，应用动词原形。故选A。
12．B
【解析】
【详解】
句意：——我们国家在科学技术方面取得了多快的进步！——确实如此。我们享受着现代科技的便利。
考查感叹句。what引导的感叹句，修饰的中心词为“物”；hw引导的感叹句，其修饰的中心词为“形容词或副词”。根据结构及语境可知，我们国家取得了多快的进步，这句话的中心词应为“prgress”进步，指物，故应用what引导感叹句。另prfress为不可数名词，其感叹句结构应为：What+形容词+不可数名词+其它！故选B。
【点睛】
what引导的感叹句结构为：What+a/an+形容词+可数名词单数+主语+谓语！What+形容词+可数名词复数/不可数名词+主语+谓语！hw引导的感叹句结构为：Hw+形容词/副词+主语+谓语！
13．B
【解析】
【详解】
句意：——杰克明天将举行一个生日聚会。你知道他喜欢什么礼物吗？——我不确定。我们打电话给凯茜，她可能知道一些事情。
考查宾语从句。hw can I get there我们怎样到那儿，疑问句语序，一般现在时；what gift he prefers他喜欢什么礼物，陈述句语序，一般现在时；why didn't he invite me他为什么没有邀请我，疑问句语序，一般过去时；where the party was held在哪儿举行聚会，陈述句语序，一般过去时。问句为宾语从句，应为陈述句语序，故排除A、C两项。根据问句中will have可知，聚会还没有开始，故排除D选项。综上所述，B选项的语序和时态均正确。故选B。
14．D
【解析】
【分析】
【详解】
句意：如果你想成为一名计算机程序员，你最好从计算机基础知识开始。
考查固定短语。A. English grammar英语语法；B. English letters英文信；C. the difficulties困难；D. the basic knwledge基础知识。短语the ABC f意为“……的基础知识”，与D选项同义，故选D。
15．C
【解析】
【分析】
【详解】
句意：当我们十几岁的孩子与父母相处方面有问题时，有必要设身处地为父母着想。
考查习语辨析。wear parents’ shes穿父母的鞋；get parents’ shes给父母买鞋；cnsider in parents’ psitin站在父母的立场考虑问题；put parents t truble给父母惹麻烦。根据语境可知，和父母相处有问题的话，正确的做法应该是站在父母的角度考虑问题，因此原句中的的短语put urselves in parents’ shes与C选项的意思最接近，故选C。
16．C
17．A
18．B
19．A
20．C
21．C
22．B
23．B
24．A
25．B
【解析】
【分析】
这是一篇议论文，文章讲述给别人做善意的行为，而这个人将善意继续下去的善举；倡导爱的相互传递。
16．
句意：“向前支付”就是无任何理由地为另一个人去做一些善举。
space空间；actin行为；reasn理由。此处用fr n reasn表示“没有任何理由”。故选C。
17．
句意:但是这种善行可以迅速传播开来。
fast快；slwly慢；hardly几乎不。此处用副词fast表示“传播得很快”。故选A。
18．
句意：她也为站在她后面的人付餐款。
made 制作；bught买；sld卖。根据“a wman was buying a meal”可知此处用动词bught表示“买”。选B。
19．
句意：那个人也做了相同的事情，接下来一个人也是如此。
t常放在肯定句句末，前必须有逗号把它和前面的句子分开。either常用于否定句和疑问句中，前有逗号，把它和前面的内容分开。als 一般放在肯定句中，放在be动词、情态动词或助动词之后，实义动词之前。这是肯定句，逗号和前面隔开用t放在句末表示“也”。故选A。
20．
句意：不久，250个人都给另一个人做了这种善意的行为。
madness疯狂；pliteness礼貌；kindness善意。根据“buying a meal”可知此处是表达给别人的餐买单这种善行，用名词kindness。故选C。
21．
句意：但是你没有必要花钱来向前付款。
wuld like t想要；are suppsed t理应；dn’t need t没必要。根据“There are examples f paying it frward every day like vlunteering”可知此处讲的是不花钱的善举，用dn’t need t d的结构。故选C。
22．
句意：有一些善举的例子，比如志愿者、给物价可归的人送食物或者给你周围的某个人做一些善意的举动。
the rich富人；the hmeless无家可归的人；the missing失踪的人。根据“giving fd”可知此处用the hmeless表示“无家可归的人”。故选B。
23．
句意：你自己试试看。
myself我自己；yurself你自己；itself它自己。根据“All yu have t d”可知此处用“你自己”yurself。故选B。
24．
句意：所有你必须做的就是寻找你能做的让别人开心的小事。
small小的；awful糟糕的；strange奇怪的。根据“ding smething nice fr smene arund yu”可知此处用small表示“小事情”。故选A。
25．
句意：当某个人给你做了善意的行为，不要忘记做相同的事。
agree同意；frget忘记；decide决定。此处用frget t d表示“忘记做某事”。故选B。
26．F
27．T
28．T
29．F
30．F
【解析】
【分析】
本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了机器人用3D打印材料建造房子的优势及前景。
26．细节理解题。根据第四段“It is nt the first time fr rbts t build huses”可知，这不是机器人第一次建造房屋。故答案为F。
27．细节理解题。根据第一段“It is mre envirnmentally friendly and safer than man-made huses”可知，这座大房子比人造房屋更环保、更安全，对环境的危害更少。故答案为T。
28．细节理解题。根据第三段“The big huse was built cmpletely frm rbt-made materials…There are 35 parts in the huse”可知，这座房子的35个部分都是由机器人制造的材料建造的。故答案为T。
29．细节理解题。根据第四段“The Chinese used 3D printers t build 10 huses in a day in 2014…They created a building the next year”可知，2014年，中国人用3D打印机一天建造了10栋房子，第二年又建造了一座建筑，但并没有提到在48小时内完成的。故答案为F。
30．细节理解题。根据最后一段“Scientists say ne day they culd send rbts t build huses n the mn”可知，科学家们说有一天他们可以派机器人去月球上建造房屋，因此机器人还没有被发送到月球建造房屋。故答案为F。
31．A
32．C
33．D
34．B
35．B
【解析】
【分析】
这篇短文讲述的是13岁的Je Rwlands和他的爸爸在划皮艇的时候出现了事故，Je非常勇敢，他不仅为自己的生命奋力拼搏，还救了爸爸的性命。
31．
细节理解题。根据短文第三段“On that day, Je and his father Paul were ut n their kayak ff the cast f Anglesey in the UK.”可知，Je和他的爸爸在英国的Anglesey西海岸划皮艇。故选A。
32．
细节理解题。根据短文第三段“Then they fund ut there was a hle in the flr f the bat. Withut anther chice, Paul turned the bat ver.”可知，当Je和爸爸发现皮艇漏水的时候，他们把皮艇翻了过来。故选C。
33．
细节理解题。根据短文第四段“But when he lked back, he fund his dad was n lnger swimming. Risking his life, Je jumped back int the cld water and managed t drag his dad up nt sme rcks.”可知，当Je发现他的爸爸不再游泳了的时候，他冒着生命危险，重新跳回水里，把爸爸拽到了岩石上。故选D。
34．
词义猜测题。根据第四段“Then Je did CPR n his dad until he came arund.”可知，Je的爸爸溺水了，他把爸爸救上来之后，给爸爸做心肺复苏直到他醒过来。B选项came back t life意为“苏醒”，符合文意，故选B。
35．
推理判断题。根据短文第二段“When 13-year-ld Je Rwlands and his dad were in a kayak accident, the brave teenager chse t fight. He nt nly fught fr his wn life, but als saved his father's.”可知，当Je面临生死境地的时候，他选择勇敢地面对，不仅自己很安全，而且救了爸爸的生命。故选B。
36．D
37．C
38．B
39．A
40．D
【解析】
【分析】
袁隆平，被誉为“杂交水稻之父”，他研究的杂交水稻，提高了粮食产量，为我国解决了重要的粮食问题。这篇短文给我们介绍了袁隆平研究杂交水稻的背景以及他做出的贡献。
36．
细节理解题。根据短文第二段“Fd was a big prblem in China in the past. This was because China had 22 percent f the wrld's ppulatin, but nly 7 percent f its farmland.”可知，在过去，粮食是中国的大问题，因为中国有世界22%的人口，但只有7%的耕地。故选D。
37．
细节理解题。根据短文第二段““Hw can I help them have enugh fd?” he thught. He decided t wrk n a kind f hybrid rice.”和第四段“At last, in 1973, they grew a new kind f hybrid rice.”可知，袁隆平和他的团队种植了一种新的杂交水稻，这种水稻能对抗疾病、产量高，因而解决了中国的粮食问题。故选C。
38．
细节理解题。根据短文第四段“At last, in 1973, they grew a new kind f hybrid rice. This rice is strng. Farmers can grw it in many different kinds f farmland and als in bad weather. It can als fight disease. Its utput was much greater than cmmn kinds f nice.”可知，文章中提到了这种水稻产量高、能抵抗疾病、能在不同的耕地上种植，B选项“它在全世界种植”没有提到。故选B。
39．
细节理解题。根据短文最后一段“Befre he retires, he hpes t grw rice in the sea!”可知，袁隆平在退休之前，希望能够在大海里种植水稻。故选A。
40．
主旨大意题。根据文意以及短文第一段“Yuan Lngping, a great scientist, is the first persn t develp a kind f hybrid rice which helps fight hunger in China.”可知，这篇短文主要讲述了袁隆平和他的团队是如何研究种植杂交水稻，帮助中国解决粮食问题的。D选项最符合文意，故选D。
41．C
42．E
43．B
44．D
45．G
【解析】
【分析】
本文主要介绍了筷子背后的传统和规则。
41．
根据“Playing with chpsticks is seen as bad manners,”和“There are als sme superstitins （迷信） related t chpsticks. ”可知，本文想要我们了解筷子的传统和规则。故选C。
42．
根据“ They cme with their wn special rules and traditins.”可知，此处表示筷子背后有它们的规则和传统，因此它们不只是夹起食物的工具，故选E。
43．
根据“Playing with chpsticks is seen as bad manners, just as making nise with frks and knives in a Western cuntry wuld be rude.”可知，人们不应该用筷子发出噪音，故选B。
44．
根据“Fr example, sme peple believe that chpsticks shuld nt be left standing upright in a bwl. It lks like the incense （香）that Chinese use t hnr the dead.”可知， 有些人认为筷子不应该竖着放在碗里。它看起来像中国人用来纪念逝者的香。因此在餐桌上做这样的事会带来厄运，故选D。
45．
根据“Newlyweds（新婚夫妇）smetimes receive chpsticks as a wedding gift.”可知，给新婚夫妇送筷子作为结婚礼物，是因为“筷子”有“快子”的意思，故选G。
46．dn’t mind
47．really
48．value
49．Besides
50．t be
51．are expected
52．yur
53．effrt
54．waiting
55．first
【解析】
【分析】
本文讲述不同的国家礼仪习惯是不同的，作者所在的国家对自己或别人迟到一点不会介意，但在瑞士准时是非常重要的。
46．
句意：我们不喜欢匆匆忙忙的，所以我们不介意别人有时迟到一点，如果你告诉朋友你要去他们家吃晚饭，你迟到一点也没关系。
根据“if yu tell a friend yu're ging t their huse fr dinner, it's OK if yu arrive a bit late.”，可知我们不介意别人有时迟到一点，所以此句应为否定句；又因为全文是用一般现在时，所以该句用一般现在时的否定形式，主语为we ，否定句加dn’t，后跟动词原形，故填dn’t mind。
47．
句意：我们真地是慢慢地享受我们的时间。
提示词real真正的，是形容词，在句中要修饰动词enjy，所以应用副词形式，real的副词为really，故填really。
48．
句意：我们珍惜与家人和朋友在日常生活中度过的时光。
分析句子结构此处缺少谓语动词，valuable有价值的，是形容词，动词形式为value；又因为根据全文可知是一般现在时，主语为we，所以谓语动词要用动词原形，故填value。
49．
句意：此外，我们通常不必计划去见我们的朋友。
besides 表示“除此之外”时，一般放在句首，首字母大写，并用逗号和后面句子隔开，故填Besides。
50．
句意：在瑞士，准时是非常重要的。
此句是句型It’s+ adj.+t d sth.，意为“做某事是……”，提示词is的原形是be，根据句意，故填t be。
51．
句意：如果有人邀请你中午见他或她，那么你就被期望在中午到那里。
根据句意此处是指“你被期望在中午到那里”，be expected t d sth.(某人)被期望做某事，主语为yu，且为一般现在时，所以be动词用are，故填are expected。
52．
句意：你的朋友可能会发疯。
此空要修饰名词friend，所以应用形容词性物主代词，yu的形容词性物主代词为yur，故填yur。
53．
句意：所以当我见到我的朋友时，我努力做到准时。
短语make an effrt t d sth.意为“努力做某事”，故填effrt。
54．
句意：我总是早早离开家以避免交通拥挤，因为我认为让别人一直等是不礼貌的。
根据句意此处指“让别人一直等”，keep sb. ding意为“让某人一直做某事”，所以应为keep thers waiting，故填waiting。
55．
句意：而且，我们从来不会不先打电话就去拜访朋友的家。
根据句意此处指“不会不先打电话就去拜访朋友的家”，ne的序数词first，意为“首先”，故填first。
56．what d yu think f it
57．Can yu help me
58．Yu can listen t the tapes at hme and repeat the sentences that are difficult fr yu
59．If yu can keep ding these, yu can learn English well
60．thank yu
【解析】
【分析】
这是一段A和Amy之间的对话，主要内容是关于英语学习方面的建议。
56．
根据下文I think it’s s hard可知，Amy说她觉得英语很难，故此处是A问Amy学英语的感想。故答案为what d yu think f it。
57．
根据下文With pleasure. What’s yur prblem?可知，A说很乐意帮忙，故此处是Amy问A能不能帮个忙。故答案为Can yu help me。
58．
根据上文Well, listening can help可知，A建议Amy应该多听些英语，故此处是A建议Amy应该去多听磁带。故答案为Yu can listen t the tapes at hme and repeat the sentences that are difficult fr yu。
59．
根据下文I hpe s可知，此处是A希望Amy能按他的建议做，这样就能学好英语了。故答案为If yu can keep ding these, yu can learn English well。
60．
根据下文Yu are welcme可知，此处是Amy向A表示感谢。故答案为thank yu。
61．例文：
My last winter vacatin
Due t the epidemic, I experienced a different winter hliday this year.But I have planned my vacatin in a reasnable way.I had nline classes actively every day. I finished the tasks that the teacher assigned in time. I helped my parents with the husewrk and learned t ck.In my free time, I tk exercise actively t build up my bdy. Althugh the epidemic brught me a lt f incnvenience, I had a meaningful vacatin.
【解析】
【分析】
【详解】
1.题干解读：该题目属于记叙文写作，写作时要按记叙文格式写。开头介绍我经历了一个不同的寒假；接下来介绍我在寒假期间的活动；最后总结我过了一个有意义的假期。
2.例文点评：例文采用一段式；用第一或第三人称来叙述内容；时态采用一般过去式，在介绍我寒假期间在家做的事时，介绍全面，条理清晰，用连词连接并列成分，文章前后连贯。
3.高分亮点：
短语：due t；help sb with sth；learn t d sth；in ne's free time；build up；a lt f。
句型：that引导的定语从句，althugh引导的让步状语从句。
【点睛】