2021年中考英语总复习专题.17 定语从句（考点详解）

这是一份2021年中考英语总复习专题.17 定语从句（考点详解），共33页。学案主要包含了定语从句概述，句型转换，用适当的关系代词填空，用适当的介词填空，指人的关系代词，whse的用法，as和which的区别，关系代词用法总结等内容，欢迎下载使用。

考点17 定语从句

命题趋势：
定语从句是中考必考考点之一，主要考查的是时态及宾语从句的语序，有时也会考查定语从句的引导词。考查的主要形式是单项填空、完形填空、短文填空和完成句子。阅读理解和书面表达肯定也会考查到定语从句。因此学生要熟练掌握定语从句的用法。关系代词引导的定语从句最为常见和常考。
考查题型：对定语从句的考查主要分布在单项选择、完形填空和词语运用题中。
考查重点：关系代词的用法；
在复合句中修饰一个名词或代词的从句称为定语从句，一般紧跟在它所修饰的名词或代词后面。定语从句所修饰的名词或代词称为先行词。引导定语从句的关联词称为关系词，关系词有关系代词和关系副词。关系代词有that，which，who，whom，whose。

一、定语从句概述
1、定语从句的定义： 定语是用来修饰限定名词或者代词的成分，用来说明所修饰词的品质特征。可以充当定语的有形容词、名词、代词、数词、副词、不定式、动名词、分词、介词短语，当由一个句子充当定语时，我们把这个句子叫做定语从句，定语从句属于形容词性从句。在句中起定语作用，相当于形容词，修饰某一代词或名词或整个主句的从句。
1. she is a beautiful girl.（形容词）
2. This is an apple tree.（名词）
3. Who is that girl?（代词）
4. I have three books.（数词）
5. The girl over there is his sister.（副词）
6. I have a lot of homework to do.（不定式）
7. There is a swimming pool.（动名词）
8. The baby sleeping in the room is 10 years old.（现在分词）
9. The house built last week needs repairing.（过去分词）
10. The girl in red is my sister.（介词短语）
2、定语从句的基本特征：
① 先行词：定语从句所修饰的词。先行词一定是名词性的内容（名词、代词；代词其实是名词性的一种）
② 关系词：连接主句与从句的词并在定语从句中充当某一句子成分的连词。
引导定语从句的关系词有关系代词和关系副词，常见的关系代词包括that， which， who（宾格whom，所有格whose）等，关系副词包括where， when， why等。关系代词和关系副词放在先行词及定语从句之间起连接作用，同时又作定语从句的重要成分。
③ 关系词的三个作用：代替先行词、连接主句和定语从句、充当定语从句的某一个句子成分。
④ 定语从句所缺句子成分：主语、宾语、表语和状语。
3、定语从句的分类
根据定语从句与先行词的关系，定语从句可分为限制性定语从句及非限制性定语从句。
限制性定语从句紧跟先行词，主句与从句不用逗号分开，从句不可省去。非限制性定语从句主句与从句之间有逗号分开，起补充说明作用，如省去，意思仍完整。














注意：在非限制性定语从句中，有时which所指代的先行词是前面的整个句子。
Xiao Li came to see me off, which was very kind of her. 小李来看给我们送行，她真好。
He didn’t pass the exam, which surprised us. 他考试没过，令我们很惊讶。
主语、宾语、表语、定语
4、定语从句引导词——关系词的用法






状语



关系代词的基本用法

作主语
作宾语
作定语
指人
who/that
who/whom/that/省略
whose
指物
which/that
which/that/省略

The man who/that spoke at the meeting is from Hong Kong. 会上发言的人来自香港。
The building which/that is being built will be used as a hospital. 在建中的这幢建筑将用作医院。
I visited a scientist whose name is known all over the world. 我拜访了一位世界知名的科学家。
【例】I don’t know the teacher ______________ is talking with Miss Wang.
A. what B. whom C. which D. who
【答案】D
【解析】所填写词引导定语从句，修饰先行词teacher，并在从句中作主语，故用关系代词who。
关系代词的基本用法
1.who指人，作主语，不能省略；作宾语，可以省略如:
The boys who are playing football are from Class One. 正在踢足球的男孩是一班的。
Those who want to go to the museum must be at the school gate at 7 tomorrow morning.想去博物馆的人必须在明晨7点到大门口集合。
Yesterday I helped an old man who had lost his way. 昨天我帮助了一位迷路的老人。
That is the teacher who teaches us physics. 那就是教我们物理的老师。
【例1】That is the boy.
He did a very good job.
第一个句子中the boy 和第二个句子中he是重复部分，boy指人，由于在从句中做主语，可以用关系代词that/who来代替he,就可以改写为：
That is the boy that/who did a very good job.
主句：That is the boy
先行词：the boy
关系词：that/who（在从句中做主语，不可省略）
从句：that/who did a very good job.
【例2】Do you know the old man.
They talked about the old man.
在第一个句子中the old man 和第二个句子中 the old man 是重复部分，old man指人，由于在从句中做宾语，可以用关系词that/who/whom来代替the old man
就可以改写为：
Do you know the old man that/who/whom they talked about?
主句：Do you know the old man
先行词：the old man
关系词：that/who/whom
从句：that/who/whom they talked about
【例3】We all like the boy.
The boy’s name is Tom.
在第一个句子中the boy和第二句中the boy’s是重复部分，由于the boy’s是所有格的形式，所以用关系代词whose来代替the boy’s,就可以改写为
We all like the boy whose name is Tom.
主句：We all like the boy
先行词：the boy
关系词：whose（作定语来修饰the boy）
从句：whose name is Tom.
2. 当关系代词在从句中作主语时，从句的谓语动词要与先行词保持主谓一致（在人称和数上保持一致）。如：
He is one of the boys who like playing basketball. 他是喜欢打篮球的男孩子之一。
He is the one of the boys who likes playing basketball. 他就是那个喜欢打篮球的男孩子。
1.Anyone who finishes homework can go home.
关系词who在从句中做主语，谓语动词取决于先行词anyone，anyone属于不定代词，谓语动词用单数，所以finishes用单三形式。
2. I found the dogs that were sleeping in the garden.
关系词that在从句中做主语，谓语动词取决于先行词the dogs，the dogs是负数形式，由于时态是过去时，所以be动词用were.
3. whom指人，做宾语，前面没有介词时可以省略，如果有介词则不能省略如：
（1）I know the boy about whom they are talking.（whom前有介词about，所以whom不可以省略）
=I know the boy whom they are talking about.（whom前无介词，可以省略）
（2）She is the girl with whom I usually go shopping.（whom前有介词with，所以whom不可以省略）
=She is the girl whom I usually go shopping with.（whom前无介词，可以省略）
注意：关系代词whom常可用who来代替，也可省略。但是当关系代词前面有介词时，只能用whom不能用who。
The man (whom/who) you met just now is my old friend.你刚刚遇到的男人是我的老朋友。
Mr Liu is the person about whom you talked on the bus. 刘先生就是你们在公共汽车上谈论的那个人。
4. which 指物，在定语从句中做主语或宾语，做宾语时常可省略。如：
Football is a game which is liked by most boys. 足球是大多数男孩所喜欢的运动。
The factory which makes computers is far away from here. 制造计算机的那家公司离这儿很远。
The house which is by the lake looks nice. 湖边的那幢房子看上去很漂亮。
The film (which) they went to see last night was not interesting at all. 他们昨晚看的电影一点意思也没有。
【例】This is a dream.
The dream will never come true.
第一个句子中的 a dream和第二个句子中的the dream是重复部分，dream指物，由于在从句中做主
语，可以用关系代词that/which来代替the dream，就可以改写为：
This is a dream that/which will never come true.
主句：This is a dream.
先行词：a dream
关系词：that/which（在从句中做主语，不可省略）
从句：that/which will never come true.
5. that 引导定语从句时，既可以指人，也可以指物。指人时，相当于who 或whom；指物时，相当于which。在定语从句中作主语或宾语，作宾语时常可省略。如：
The number of people that/who come to visit this city each year reaches one million.  每年来参观这座城市的人数达一百万。
Where is the man that/who/whom I saw this morning? 我今天早上看到的那个人在哪儿？
The person that /who/whom you introduced to me is very kind. 你介绍给我的那个人很友好。
The season that/which comes after spring is summer. 春天以后的季节是夏季。
Yesterday I received a letter that/which came from Australia. 昨天我收到了一封来自澳大利亚的信。
【例】He likes the present.
His mother bought it for him.
第一个句子中the present和第二个句子中it是重复部分，present指物，由于在从句中做宾语，可以用关系代词that/which来代替it，就可以改写为：
He likes the present that/which his mother bought for him.
主句：He likes the present.
先行词：the present
关系词：that/which（在从句中做宾语，可以省略）
从句：that/which his mother bought for him.
7. whose 通常指人，也可指物，在定语从句中做定语。如：
He has a friend whose father is a doctor.  他有个爸爸是医生的朋友。
I lost the book whose cover was blue. 我把那本封面是蓝色的书弄丢了。
We live in a house whose windows face the south. 我们住在一间窗户朝南的房子里。
The classroom whose door is broken will soon be repaired. 门坏了的那个教室要马上修理。
【拓展一】通常在以下六种情况下只能用that而不能用which或who：
（1）当先行词是all, any, few, little, none, anything, everything,nothing 等不定代词时。
That’s all that I know. 那就是我所知道的一切。
Is there anything that I can do for you? 有没有什么我可以帮你做的？
He answered few questions that the teacher asked.
【例】—Is that all?
—Yes. That’s all ______________ I want to take.
A. which B. that C. who D. whose
【答案】B
【解析】句意：——就这些？——是的，这就是我要买的所有东西。which，that的先行词都是物，但当先行词是all等不定代词时，关系代词一般只用that；who的先行词只能是人；whose一般在从句中作定语。故选B。
（2）先行词被序数词或形容词最高级所修饰，或本身是序数词、基数词、形容词最高级时，只能用that，而不用which.。
He was the first person that passed the exam. 他是第一个通过考试的人。
Look at the apples. You can see the two that you gave me. 看这些苹果。你能看到你给我的那两个。
That is the most interesting book that I have ever read. 那是我看过的最有趣的书。
He is always the first person that comes to school. 他总是第一个到学校的人。
（3）以who或which引导的特殊疑问句，为避免重复，只能用that。
Who is the girl that spoke to you just now? 刚刚和你说话的女孩是谁？
Which is the pen that you lost ? 你丢的是哪支笔。
（4）先行词被the only，the very，the last，little，few, the only, the same等词修饰时，只能用that，而不用which。
This is the same bike that I lost.这就是我丢的那辆自行车。
Mr. Smith is the only foreigner that he knows. 史密斯先生是他唯一认识的外国人。
（5）先行词里同时含有人或物时，只能用that，而不用which。
We were deeply impressed by the teachers and schools that we had visited. 我们访问过的老师和学校给我们留下了深刻的印象。
I can remember well the persons and some pictures that I saw in the room.我能清楚记得我在那个房间所见到的人和一些照片。
The man and his dog that I always meet are standing by the gate. 我经常遇到的那个人和他的狗正站在门口。
I will never forget the people and the places that I have ever visited. 我绝不会忘记我拜访过的人和地方。
（6）先行词在主句中作表语，或关系代词在从句中作表语时。
It’s a book that will help you a lot. 这是一本对你很有帮助的书。
China is no longer the country that it was. 中国不再是以前那个国家了。
（7）主句是there be 结构，修饰主语的定语从句用that，而不用which。
There is a book on the desk that belongs to Tom. 桌子上那本书是汤姆的。
【注意】关系词只能用which或，而不用that的情况：
（1）先行词为that， those时，用which，而不用that。
What’s that which is under the desk? 在桌子底下的那些东西是什么？
（2）关系代词前有介词时，一般用which，而不用that。
This is the room in which he lives. 这是他居住的房间。
This is the room that/which Tom lives in.
= This is the room in which Tom lives. 这是汤姆住的房子。
（3）引导非限制性定语从句，用which，而不用that。
Tom came back, which made us happy. 汤姆回来了，这使我们很高兴。
His English, which used to be poor, is excellent now. 他的英语过去很烂，但现在很好了。
They have divorced, which is unexpected. 他们离婚了，真的令人出乎意料。
【专题训练】
1. —What are you looking for?
—I’m looking for a book _______________ tells the history of England.
A. which B. who C. what D. where
2. —What are you doing?
—I’m reading the book _______________ you lent me last week.
A. what B. who C. when D. that
3. —Why do you call him Mr. Knowledgeable?
—Because he knows almost everything _______________ we want to know.
A. which B. what C. that D. who
4. —I heard that Shao Yifu passed away.
—Yes, he is a great man _______________ donated billions of dollars to charity, schools and hospitals.
A. who B. whom C. which D. /
5. No one knows _______________ in the future.
A. what will be happen B. what will happen
C. what will it happen D. what it will happen
6. He always forgets all the things _______________ he needs to do.
A .what B. that C. what D. which
7. —In a text message, 88 means Bye-bye.
—And another example is F2F _______________ stands for face to face.
A. that B. who C. whom D. it
8. After Mandela was free (自由的) in 1990, he chose to shake hands with the people _______________ wanted to kill him.
A. whose B. which C. / D. who
9. The book in _______________ I have much interest now is Around the World in Eighty Days.
A. that B. who C. which D. whose
10. He always forgets all the things _______________ he needs to do.
A .what B. that C. that what D. which
11. —Did you travel anywhere this vacation?
—Yes. I was shown around an old house _______________ was built in 1806.
A. where B. what C. that
12. Someone _______________ you know might really need the money.
A. which B. what C. that D. who
13. This is the best show _______________ I have seen so far.
A. when B. what C. that
14. The man _______________ lives next to us is my English teacher.
A. whom B. which C. who
15. —Only You is a TV program _______________ is popular with most young people.
—Yes, it is definitely true.
A. that B. whose C. what D. who
16. You are talented young adults _______________ are full of hope for the future.
A. which B. when C. who D. where
17. —What do you think of the show Readers on CCTV?
—It’s a great TV show _______________ expresses our true feelings by reading aloud in public.
A. whom B. who C. whose D. that
18. —Do you know the man _______________ is talking with our Chinese teacher?
—Yes. He is my uncle, Mr. King.
A. which B. who C. whom D. whose
19. My grandparents like stories _______________ have happy endings.
A. they B. who C. which D. /
20. —Why are you so worried?
—I’ve lost the watch _______________ my dad bought me on my birthday.
A. what B. who C. whose D. which
21. Ode to Joy（《欢乐颂》）is a TV play _______________ many people like.
A. why B. that C. who
22. A kind of shared bike _______________ is called bluegogo is getting more and more popular in Chengdu.
A. it B. who C. which
23. —Which song do you like better, Maria?
—I prefer the song Manual of Youth _______________ is sung by TFBOYS.
A. which B. who C. whom D. where
24. The students love the teachers _______________ can make their lessons fun.
A. whom B. who C. whose D. which

【专题训练】
1. A【解析】句意：——你正在找什么？——我正在找一本讲解英国历史的书。根据先行词是物，所以引导词用which 或者that，故选A。
2. D【解析】句意：——你在干什么？——我在读上周你借给我的书。what什么；who谁；when当……的时候； that那。先行词the book表示物，在定语从句中作宾语，可以用关系代词that代替，故选D。
3. C【解析】句意：——你为什么叫他万事通先生? ——因为他几乎知道一切我们想知道的。1)先行词是不定代词：all, few, little, much, something, nothing, anything等。2)先行词被序数词或形容词最高级所修饰。3)先行词被all, any, every, each, few, little, no, some等修饰。4)先行词被the only, the very, the same, the last 修饰时。5)先行词既有人又有物时。故选C。
4. A【解析】句意：——我听说邵逸夫去世了。——是的，他是一个伟大的人，他捐赠数十亿美元给慈善机构，学校和医院。这是一个定语从句，先行词是人，故用who/whom引导，在从句中作主语时用who，故选A。
5. B【解析】句意：没有人知道未来会发生什么。无论 哪种句式结构充当宾语从句都要用陈述句语序，从句的时态要和主句的时态保持一致。主句的谓语动词是过去式从句的谓语动词也要用相应的过去时态。若从句表达的是真理或客观事实，不管主句的谓语动词是何种时态从句都要用一般现在时。根据in the future可知该用一般将来时。故选B。
6. B【解析】句意：他总是忘记所有他需要去做的事情。本题考查定语从句的用法，先行词是all the things，故关系词用that。故选B。
7. A【解析】句意：——在短信中，88的意思是再见。——另一个例子是F2F表示面对面。结合语境可知下文先行词F2F作下文定语从句的逻辑主语，指物，故引导词用that，选A。
8. D【解析】句意：在一九九零年，Mandela获得自由之后，他选择了和曾经想要杀他的人握手。分析：考查定语从句的用法，先行词people，先行词在从句中作主语，因此选择引导词who。故选D
9. C【解析】句意：现在我有很大兴趣的那本书是《环游世界80天》。根据句意及题干分析此题是考查定语从句，先行词是the book，关系词代替the book且在定语从句中作介词in的宾语，和in连用只能用which，故选C。
10. B【解析】句意：他总是忘记他需要做的所有事情。he needs to do是定语从句，先行词是things，当先行词是不定代词all, much, little, something, everything, anything, nothing, none, the one时或被all, any, every, each, few, little, no, some等修饰时，用引导词that。故选B。
11. C【解析】句意：——这个假期你去任何地方旅游了吗？——是的，我参观了一个在1806年建造的房子。这里考查定语从句，先行词是物，关系词用that来引导。故选C。
12. C【解析】句意：你认识的某个人可能真的需要钱。you know 这里缺少的是一个宾语成分，而这是一个定语从句，someone是先行词，当先行词是不定代词的时候，关系代词用that，故选C。
13. C【解析】句意：这是我迄今看过的最好的展示。根据句意及题干分析此题是考查定语从句，先行词是物并有最高级修饰，关系词代替先行词并在定语从句中作宾语，所以关系词用that，故选C。
14. B【解析】句意：那个住在我们旁边的人是我的英语老师。根据句意及题干分析此题是考查定语从句，先行词是the man，关系词代替先行词并在定语从句中作主语，所以用who，故选C。
15. A【解析】句意：——《只有你》是一个深受大多数年轻人喜爱的电视节目。——是的，这是千真万确的。考查定语从句的关联词，what不能引导定语从句，首先排除C；that的先行词是人或物，在定语从句中作主语或宾语；whose先行词指人或物，在定语从句中作定语；who的先行词是人，在定语从句中作主语。本句的先行词TV program指物，在定语从句中作主语，故选A。
16. C【解析】句意：你是有才华的年轻人，对未来充满希望。此句的先行词是young adults，指人，关系词代替先行词在定语从句中作主语。which只能指代物，when和where只能作状语；who指代人，可以在定语从句中作主语，并且不能省略。故选C。
17. D【解析】句意：——你对中央电视台的节目《朗读者》有什么看法？——这是一个很棒的电视节目，通过公开朗读来表达我们的真实感受。A. whom关系代词，可以引导定语从句，先行词是人，在从句中只能作宾语；B. who关系代词，引导定语从句，先行词是人，在从句中作主语；C. whose先行词是人或物，在定语从句中作定语；D. that先行词是人或物，在定语从句中作主语或宾语。此句的先行词为TV show，指物，因此引导词要用关系代词that，在定语从句中作主语，故选D。
18. B【解析】句意：——你知道那个和我们的语文老师谈话的人吗？——是的，他是我的叔叔，King先生。which引导定语从句，是关系代词，先行词为物；who引导定语从句，关系代词，先行词为人，在从句中作主语或者宾语；whom是关系代词，引导定语从句，先行词是人，在从句中只能作宾语；whose….的。根据句子结构可知，这里是一个定语从句，先行词是the man，故排除A；定语从句中缺少主语，故应选B。
19. C【解析】句意：我爷爷奶奶喜欢有快乐结局的故事。考查定语从句。先行词stories（故事）表示物，需用关系代词that或which，引导词同时做从句的主语，根据句意结构，故选C。
20. D【解析】考查定语从句。句意：——你为什么这么担心？——我丢了爸爸给我买了我的生日礼物我的手表。这里是定语从句，先行词是watch手表，是物，所以关系词用which，故选D。
21. B【解析】考查定语从句。句意：欢乐颂是一部很多人喜欢的电视剧。A. why 为什么；B. that 在定语从句中，可以指人，也可以指物。 C. who在定语从句中做主语指人。先行词是a TV play指物，关系词在定语从句中做宾语，所以用that，故选B。
22. C【解析】考查定语从句。句意：一种被称为小蓝单车的共享单车在成都变得越来越受欢迎。空格前后都是句子，所以空格处应该用连词，故排除A；这里先行词是bike，指物，who指人的，故排除B；which是指物的；故选C。
23. A【解析】句意：——Maria，你比较喜欢哪首歌？——我比较喜欢由 TFBOYS演唱的《青春修炼手册》。
首先分析句子结构，本句中的is sung by TFBOYS在复合句中作定语从句，其中先行词the song Manual of Youth指物，且在定语从句中作逻辑主语，所以关系代词用that/which，故选A。
24. B【解析】句意：学生们喜欢使他们的课有趣的老师。修饰先行词teachers的定语从句中，缺少主语，用关系代词who，故选B。
关系副词的基本用法
1. when  指时间，在定语从句中作时间状语when =介词+which。如：
（1）I will never forget the days.
We studied together during the days.
第一句中the days 和第二句中the days是重复部分，由于the days是时间，所以用表示时间的
关系副词when来代替during the days ,就可以改写为：
I will never forget the days when we studied together.
=I will never forget the days during which we studied together.
主句：I will never forget the days
先行词：the days
关系词：when=during which
从句：when we studied together.
（2）She will never forget the day.
She was married on that day.
第一句中的the day和第二句中的on that day是重复部分，由于 that day指的是时间，所以用表示时间的关系副词when来代替on that day.就可以改写为：
She will never forget the day when she was married.
=She will never forget the day on which she was married.
主句：She will never forget the day
先行词：the day
关系词：when=on which
从句：on which she was married
2. where 指地点，在定语从句中作地点状语where =介词+which。
I was born in the place.
在第一句中the place和第二句中the place是重复部分，由于the place指的是地点，所以用表示地点的关系副词where来代替 in the place.就可以改写成：
I want to know the place where I was born.=I want to know the place in which I was born.
主句：I want to know the place
先行词：the place
关系词：where=in which
从句：where I was born

2.The table is a new one.
She is sitting at the table.
第一句中the table和第二句中the table是重复部分，由于the table在句中指代地点，所以用表示地点的关系副词where来代替the table.就可以改写成：
The table where she is sitting is a new one.=The table at which she is sitting is a new one.
主句：The table is a new one.
先行词：the table
关系词：where=at which
从句：where she is sitting
3. why 指原因，在定语从句中作原因状语。why =for+which如：
Please tell me the reason why you missed the plane. 请告诉我你误机的原因。
The reason why he was punished is unknown to us. 他受惩罚的原因我们都不知道。
I don’t know the reason why he looks unhappy today.  我不知道他不开心的原因。
why 作原因状语, 其先行词常常是the reason.
That is the reason
I was late for the reason
第一句中the reason 和第二句中the reason是重复部分，由于the reason指的是原因，所以用表示原因的关系副词why来代替the reason.就可以改写成：

That is the reason why I was late.
=That is the reason for which I was late.
主句：That is the reason
先行词：the reason
关系词：why=for which
从句：why I was late
4. 关系副词=介词+关系代词。如：
when=during/on/in/...which
where=in/at/on/...which
why=for which
典型例句
This is the house in which I lived two years ago.
= This is the house where I lived two years ago.
Do you remember the day on which you joined our club?
= Do you remember the day when you joined our club?
This is the reason why he came late.
= This is the reason for which he came late.
【专题训练】
1. Have you ever heard of the news ___________ is about the Strawberry Concert?
A. who B. what C. which D. when
2. Language learning isn’t hard itself. The attitude ___________ you have decided if you can learn it well at last
A. what B. who C. which
3. The panda is a kind of animal ___________ I like best.
A. who B. which C. where D. what
4. The beautiful girl ___________ came here last Saturday is my friend.
A. which B. where C. whom D. who
5. There will be a flower show in the park ___________ we visited last week.
A. who B. where C. which
6. Do you know the man ___________ saved five people in the fire?
A. who B. it C. when D. whom
7. —Where is the School English Speech Contest going to be held tonight?
—I’m not sure. Is it in the hall ___________ can hold 300 people?
A. where B. what C. that D. when
8. It’s bad for health to hurry to move into a house ___________ has new furniture in it.
A. who B. where C. that
9. I know a place ___________ we can have a big meal.
A. that B. where C. which D. what
10. —Do you like swimming in winter?
—Of course. The water ___________ a bit cold at first but then I am warm and full of energy.
A. tastes B. feels C. smells D. looks
11. —Which song do you like better, Lucy?
—I prefer the song Little Apple ___________ can attract many people.
A. which B. who C. whom D. where
12. The dog ___________ played with you just now is ___________.
A. which; mine B. which; my
C. what; mine D. what; my
13. Studying in groups is a popular way ___________ can develop students’ ability.
A. which B. what C. who D. whom
14. Do you know Deng Ziqi ___________ sings the song Pao Mo.
A. which B. who C. when D. where
15. —What are you doing?
—I’m reading the book ___________ you lent me last week.
A. what B. who C. when D. that
16. I like the city ___________ the people are really kind and friendly.
A. that B. which C. where D. who
17. I can’t remember the place _______________ I lived many years ago.
A. that B. which C. where D. ／
18. —_______________ is the teacher _______________ gave us the talk yesterday?
—She is having a meeting.
A. Where; who B. Who; whose C. What; who D. What; which
19. Tony, tell me the result of the discussion _______________ you had with your dad yesterday.
A. what B. which C. when D. who
20. —What are you doing, Tim?
—I am listening to the song Long Live _______________ makes me feel excited.
A. which B. who C. /

【参考答案】
【专题训练】
1. C【解析】考查定语从句。先行词是news指物，在定语从句中做主语，所以使用关系代词which。
2. C【解析】考查定语从句。Which这个关系代词指代The attitude。在定语从句中做decided的宾语。
3. B【解析】考查定语从句。句意：熊猫是我最喜欢的一种动物。此题考查定语从句，因为animals是物，故用which，根据句意，故选B。
4. D【解析】考查定语从句。句意：上周六来这里的那个漂亮女孩儿是我的朋友。本句中有一个定语从句，先行词是girl，排除AB，在定语从句中做主语，排除C。所以选择who来作引导词。
5. C【解析】考查定语从句。句意：在上周我参观的那个花园里要有一个花展。此题考查定语从句，因为先行词是park指物又做visit的宾语；根据句意，故选C。
6. A【解析】考查定语从句。此题考查定语从句。根据句意：你知道在大火中救出五个人的那个男的吗？修饰人的用who并且在句子里作主语，因此答案选A。
7. C【解析】考查定语从句。本题考查定语从句。先行词是hall，表示地点，所以用that。
8. C【解析】考查定语从句。考查定语从句。定语从句缺少主语，关系代词用who, which或that，先行词house指物，因此用which或that。
9. B【解析】考查定语从句。句意：我知道一个我们可以大吃一顿的地方。要确定正确的关系词，首先要找出先行词在从句中当什么成分，特别是表示时间、地点和原因的名词！因为它们在从句中可以是表示时间、地点或原因，但它们也可以在从句中当主语，宾语或其它句子成份。在该句中。先行词place在从句中作地点状语，所以该用关系副词where，因此选B。
10. B【解析】考查定语从句。句意：你喜欢在冬天游泳吗？当然。起初感觉水有点冷，但随后我感到温暖和充满活力。tastes尝起来；feels觉得；smells闻起来；looks看起来。所以选B。
11. A【解析】考查定语从句。句意：——露西，你更喜欢哪一首歌？——我较喜欢吸引许多人的小苹果。定语从句，当先行词是事物时，用关系词that，which；当先行词是人时，用关系词who，whom，that；当先行词指地点时，用关系词where。先行词the song Little Apple指事物，故选A。
12. A【解析】考查定语从句。句意：刚才和你一起玩的那条狗是我的。Which哪一个；what什么；mine名词性物主代词，我的；my形容词性物主代词，我的。形容词性物主代词在句只用作定语；名词性物主代词则不能用作定语，但可以用作主语、宾语、表语、连用of作定语。先行词dog在定语从句中作主语可用关系代词which代替。所以选A。
13. A【解析】考查定语从句。关系代词which指代way，在定语从句中作主语。
14. B【解析】考查定语从句。本题考查定语从句引导词的用法，句意：你认识唱《泡沫》歌曲的邓紫棋吗？引导词在 定语从句中作主语，先行词是人，故选B。
15. D【解析】考查定语从句。先行词the book是物，题目中作lend的宾语，因此用that。
16. C【解析】句意：我喜欢这个城市，那里的人们非常善良和友好。A. that先行词是人或物，在定语从句中作主语或宾语；B. which先行词指物，在定语从句中作主语或宾语；C. where先行词是地点名词，在定语从句中作状语；D. who的先行词是人，在定语从句中作主语。此句的先行词是the city，为地点名词，定语从句中缺少地点状语，引导词用where，答案为C。
17. C【解析】句意：我记不起许多年前我住的地方了。the place后跟的是一个定语从句，先行词是the place，指地点，在定语从句中作状语从句，故用where作关系词。故选C。
18. A【解析】where询问的是地点；who询问的是人物；what引导宾语从句，作从句的逻辑主语或者宾语；根据答语She is having a meeting（她正在开会）可知，问题应该是问那个老师在哪里，所以第一个空格填Where。who引导的定语从句，在从句里作主语，whose意思是＂谁的＂，作定语；which的先行词为物，在从句中作主语或宾语。第二个空：结合句意及句子特点可知为定语从句，根据题意可知，先行词是the teacher，引导词在从句里作主语的成分，所以应用who。故选A。
19. B【解析】what不能引导定语从句；which关系代词，指物，在定语从句中作主语或宾语；when关系副词，指时间，在定语从句中作时间状语；who关系代词，指人，在定语从句中作主语或宾语；根据the discussion _______________ you had with your dad yesterday可知本句中先行词是discussion，指物，在定语从句中作宾语，所以关系代词用which，故选B。
20. A【解析】句意：——蒂姆，你正在做什么？——我正在听歌曲《万岁》，这首歌使我感到很兴奋。先行词是the song Long Live， 指物，且在从句中作主语，故选A。
“介词+关系代词”引导的定语从句
关系代词在定语从句中作介词宾语时，从句常常由“介词+关系代词”引出。
The school (which/that) he once studied in is very famous.
＝The school in which he once studied is very famous. 他曾经就读过的学校很出名。
This is the boy (whom/who/that) I played tennis with yesterday.
＝This is the boy with whom I played tennis yesterday.这是我昨天跟他打台球的男孩。
注意：若介词放在关系代词前，关系代词指人时只可用whom，不可用who或that；关系代词指物时只可用which，不可用that。
要掌握＂介词+关系代词＂引导的定语从句，我们要注意以下五点：
1. 某些在从句中充当时间，地点或原因状语的＂介词+关系词＂结构可以同关系副词when和where互换。
This is the house in which I lived two years ago. →This is the house where I lived two years ago.
这就是我两年以前住过的那间房子。
2. ＂介词 + which / whom＂构成的定语从句。
介词后只能用which/whom，不用who/that，但当介词放在后面时，在限制性定语从句中，可用that代替which / whom，并且that可省略。在非限制性定语从句中只能用关系代词which/whom。
我向你请教的那个问题现在已经解决了。
【误】The problem about that I consulted you has now been solved. （错）
【正】The problem about which I consulted you has now been solved. （对）
【正】The problem I consulted you about has now been solved. （对）
3. ＂名词+ 介词+which / whom＂引导的定语从句
We had a meeting the purpose of which was completely unclear.
我们开了一个会，会议的内容还不完全清楚。
4. 在非限制性定语从句中，of which / whom 可用来修饰不定代词 all, each, one, many, much, more, most, any, some, a few, a little, none, both, several, enough, the latter, the former等。
There are 103 elements found in nature, most of which are metals.
自然界中发现了103种金属元素，大都是金属。
5. ＂介词+ which +名词＂引导的定语从句。
which是一个代表所有关系的关系代词，可用来代表一个名词/代词或句子的一部分，但更多的是来代表整个句子。其中的名词通常是一个抽象名词，如：case, fact, state, time, point等。
He may be late, in which case we ought to wait for him.他可能要迟到，因此我们应该等他。
【拓展二】定语从句中关系词应如何选择
正确选择关系词是解决定语从句的根本之道，可根据下面三点选择关系词：①辨别先行词表示的是人、物、时间、地点还是原因。②分析代替先行词的关系词在定语从句中充当的句子成分，是主语、宾语、表语、定语还是状语，缺少主语、宾语、表语、定语选用关系代词；不缺少主语、宾语、表语、定语则缺少状语选用关系副词。③判断定语从句是限制性定语从句还是非限制性定语从句。
The reason which he gave is clearly a lie. (which作宾语)
The reason why she refused him is not known. (why作状语)
The night which he spent together with his friends is wonderful. (which作宾语)
The night when he stayed in his family made him happy. (when作状语)
【专题训练】
1. The book in _______________ I have much interest now is Around the World in Eighty Days.
A. that B. who C. which D. whose
2. This is the room in I used to live.
A. which B. why C. who D. when
3. He showed me around the school he studied three years ago.
A. that B. when C. in which D. there
4. He is the teacher class we all like.
A. when B. who C. whom D. whose
5. —Please tell me something about Yang Liwei.
—He is a great astronaut of all the Chinese are proud.
A. that B. whose C. who D. whom
6. I like the city _____the people are really kind and friendly.
A. that B. which C. where D. who
7. I can’t remember the place I lived many years ago.
A. that B. which C. where D.／
8. When Robinson Crusoe got to the island, the first thing he did was to look for some food.
A. who B. that C. which D. whom
9. —There are so many girls over there. Which one is your sister?
—The one hat is yellow.
A. who B. whose C. that D. which
10. The last place we visited was the Summer Palace.
A. where B. that C. why
11. One of the most delicious drinks I like is orange juice.
A. which B. that C. whose D. whom
12. Tom did all he could to get on well his classmates.
A. which；with B. that；/ C. that；with D. /；/
13. Creating an atmosphere _____________ employees feel part of a team is a big challenge.
A. as B. whose C. in which D. at which

【参考答案】
【跟踪训练】
1. C【解析】句意：现在我有很大兴趣的那本书是《环游世界80天》。根据句意及题干分析此题是考查定语从句，先行词是the book，关系词代替the book且在定语从句中作介词in的宾语，和in连用只能用which，故选C。
2. A【解析】句意：这是我过去居住的房间。which哪个；why为什么；who谁；when什么时候。此处先行词是the room，关系词在定语从句中作状语，故用which。
3. C【解析】他带我参观了他三年前学习的学校。when什么时候。先行词是the school，指物，定语从句中缺少状语，故选C。
4. D【解析】句意：他是我们都喜欢他课的那个老师。when什么时候；who谁；whom谁，在定语从句中作宾语；whose谁的。故选D。
5. D【解析】考查定语从句。句意：——请告诉我一些关于杨利伟的事。——他是一个伟大的宇航员个，所有的中国人都感到自豪。答语是一个定语从句，先行词astronaut是人，并且关系代词做介词of的宾语，所以用宾格形式。故选D。
6. C【解析】句意：我喜欢这个城市，那里的人们非常善良和友好。A. that先行词是人或物，在定语从句中作主语或宾语；B. which先行词指物，在定语从句中作主语或宾语；C. where先行词是地点名词，在定语从句中作状语；D. who的先行词是人，在定语从句中作主语。此句的先行词是the city，为地点名词，定语从句中缺少地点状语，引导词用where，答案为C。
7. C【解析】考查定语从句。句意：我记不起许多年前我住的地方了。the place后跟的是一个定语从句，先行词是the place，指地点，用where作关系词。故选C。
8. B【解析】who关系代词，指人，在定语从句中作主语或宾语；that 关系代词，指人或物，在定语从句中作主语或宾语；which 关系代词，指物，在定语从句中作主语或宾语；whom 关系代词，指人，在定语从句中作宾语。但是如果先行词被形容词的最高级或序数词修饰时，关系代词只用 that； 根据 the first thing he did was 可知先行词 是被 the first 序数词修饰，所以关系词应该用 that，故选B。
9. B【解析】who 在定语从句中作主语，that 在定语从句中可以作主语和宾语，which 在定语从句中可以作主语和宾语。whose 表示属于某人所有，引导定语从句，并在定语从句中作定语，修饰 hat。故选B。
10. B【解析】先行词前面有 the last 修饰，根据＂当先行词被the only，the very， the right，the last 修饰时，必须要用 that 来引导定语从句。故选B。
11. B【解析】无论先行词是＂人＂还是＂物＂，只要它们前面有最高级词或序数词作 定语，后面的定语从句都要用关系代词 that 来引导。故选B。
12. C【解析】在含有定语从句的复合句中，如果先行词为 all，everything，anything， nothing，little，much 等不定代词，关系代词只能用 that. 根据 Tom did all _____________ he could可知这是一个含有定语从句的复合句，先行词是 all，所以应该用 that；短语 get on well with sb.，和某人相处得好；故选C。
13. C 【解析】句意：营造一种氛围，让员工们感觉(自己)是团队的一分子，这是一大挑战。先行词是atmosphere，空处在定语从句中作地点状语，＂在……氛围中＂用介词in，所以选C。


一、定语从句
定从分类有奥妙，限与非限看逗号；
定前必有先行词，名代两类最适宜；
定从先行很紧密，代副两词拉关系
二、关系代词
关系代词有六个，听我逐一来说破；
which表物人用who，人物都有that顾；
which用在逗号后，意表前句你要know；
who作主语很称职，whom用到宾语里。
三、that用法
that用法真有趣，两个地方它不去；
逗号后边它不去，介词之后不考虑。

四、that和which的区别
that which代表物，区别听我来叙述；
先行若是不定代，that就把which踹；
先行词前有两数，就用that定无误；
先行词前最高级，还用that必无疑；
句中若有there be，that应把which替；
先行主中作表语，避免重复从句里；
just， the only，very，same，last其后也要用that。
五、指人的关系代词
指人可用that, who，以下情况多用who；
those people作先行，there be的结构中；
先行指人不定代，从中作主who要在；
两个定从一起来，不要重复你有才。

六、whose的用法
定从之中少定语，whose为你唱一曲；
whose指人又指物，所属关系要记住。

七、as和which的区别
as/which在句末，若有否定as错；
句首只能用as，还有认知猜想词；
固定结构用as, the same/such/so/as；
so/such...that宾不离，so/such...as...宾要弃。

八、关系代词用法总结
关系代词到这里，主宾表定作用起；
关系代词作宾语，省与不省全靠你。
特殊情况
只记上边不可以，特殊情况告诉你；
先行用way作状语，in which/ that /略可以；
one of +复作先行，从中谓语复数明；
one前若有only/very，从中谓语定用单；
定从名从可转换，all that被what换。

【拓展】易错提醒
1. 当先行词为地点名词时，如果关系词在从句中作主语或宾语，则用that或which引导。如：
☛This is the house which/that was built by my grandfather forty years ago.
这是我爷爷在40年前建造的房子。（定语从句中缺少主语，所以要用which/that，而不用where）
2. 当position，point，case，stage，situation，atmosphere等表示抽象地点的名词充当先行词时，若定语从句中缺少状语，则用where来引导。如：
☛It’s helpful to put children in a situation where they can see themselves differently.
把孩子们放在一个能够让他们从不同角度看待自己的环境中对他们很有帮助。
3. 当先行词是时间名词时，既可以用when引导定语从句，也可以用that或which引导定语从句，关键要看关系词在从句中作何种成分。若关系词在定语从句中充当状语，用when引导；若关系词在从句中充当主语或宾语，则用that或which引导。如：
☛Do you remember the days when we chatted with each other all night?你还记得我们整夜聊天的那些日子吗？（when在从句中作状语）
☛Do you remember the days that/which we spent together on the farm?你还记得我们在农场一起度过的那些日子吗？（that或which作spent的宾语）
【例】I love places _______________ the people are really friendly.
A. that B. which C. in where D. where
【答案】D
【解析】句意：我喜欢民风淳朴的地方。根据先行词是places，从句中缺少地点状语，可知引导词是in which或者是where，故选D。
【例】We will put off the picnic in the park until next week, the weather may be better.
A. that B. where C. which D. when
【参考答案】D
【试题解析】句意：我们将把公园的野餐推迟到下个星期，那时天气可能会更好。这是一个定语从句，先行词是next week，定语从句缺少时间状语，所以用关系副词when引导。故选D。


关系副词
关系副词when/where/why，从中作状莫懈怠；
时间用when原因why，地点where经常在；
关系副词可替换，介词加上关系代；
关系代，关系代，that与who要除外；
挑选介词要聪明，必看动词和先行；
聪明反被聪明误，只因乱用关系副；
关系副，关系副，定缺主宾它不住；
它不住，它不住，关系代词来玩酷。
【速记口诀】








【模拟训练】
一、巩固训练
1.一Would you like some fried rice?
---I would rather eat noodles ________have beef in them.
A.that B.than C.what D.as
2.The English-Chinese dictionary __________ my father bought for me many years ago is so value.
A. whose B. when C. who D.that
3. One of the most interesting places in Yangzhou _______ are often visited by foreigners is the West Slender Lake.
A.what B.who C.that D./
4. Zhang Lili is considered as the most beautiful teacher _______ gave her love to her students in danger.
A. who B. that C. whom D. which
5. I don't like the present my father bought me on my birthday.
A. which B. who C. what D. as
6. ---Who is the man _______ was talking to our English teacher?
　---Oh! It’s Mr. Baker, our maths teacher.　
A. he 　　　 B. that 　　　 C. whom 　　　 D. which
7. I hate the people ________ don’t help others when they are in trouble.　
A. who 　　　 B. which 　　　 C. they　　　 D. where　
8. The foreigner _________ visited our school is from Canada.　
A. which 　　　 B. when 　　　 C. who 　　　 D. whom　
9. George Mallory was an English school teacher _______ loved climbing.
A. who 　　　 B. whom 　　　 C. he 　　　 D. which
10. Mr. White, ______ car had been stolen, came to the policeman.　
A. who 　　　 B. that　　　 C. whose 　　　 D. which
11. This is the house _______ I want to buy.　
A. in which 　 B. that 　　　 C. whose 　　　 D. where　
12. ---Does the teacher know everybody _______ planted the trees?
---Yes, he does.
A. which　　　 B. whose 　　　 C. where 　　　 D. that　　
13. The letter _______ I received from him yesterday is very important.　　
A. who　　　 B. where 　　　 C. what 　　　 D. that　　
14. ---Where is the scientist ________ gave us the talk yesterday?
　 ---He has gone back to Qinghua University.　　
A. whom 　　　 B. who　　　 C. whose 　　　 D. which　　
15. I hate people _______ talk much but do little.　　
A. whom 　　　 B. who　　　 C. whose 　　　 D. which　　
16. ---Who is the man ______ was talking to our English teacher?
---Oh! It’s Mr Baker, our maths teacher.
A. he 　　　 B. that 　　　 C. whom 　　　 D. which
17. I hate the people _______ don’t help others when they are in trouble.
　　A. who 　　　 B. which 　　　 C. they　　　 D. where
18. The foreigner _________ visited our school is from Canada.
　　A. which 　　　 B. when 　　　 C. who 　　　 D. whom
19. George Mallory was an English school teacher _______ loved climbing.
A. who 　　　 B. whom 　　　 C. he 　　　 D. which
20. This is the place ____I have ever visited.
　　A. there　　　 B. when　　　 C. where 　　　 D. which
21. I’ve become good friends with several of the students in my school _______________ I met in the English speech contest last year
A. whom B. whose C. which D. where
22. Every time I go to ask him for help, he always says,＂There’s nothing _______________ I can do for you. Go to ask somebody else.＂
A. that B. which C. what
23. The earth is the only planet _______________ provides us with everything we need. It’s our duty to protect it.
A. who B. what C. that
24. She is talking about the school and teachers _______________ we visited last month.
A. who B. which C. where D. that
25. It is the school rooftop _______________ a group of Shanghai students have grown vegetables.
A. which B. that C. what D. where
26. I’ll never forget the poor school _______________ I visited three years ago.
A. which B. where C. Who
27. I still remember the college and the teachers _______________ I visited in London two years ago.
A. which B. who C. what D. that
28.—Do you know the little boy _______________ is helping the old man cross the road?
—No. But how nice he is!
A. which B. who C.whom D. \
29. Who is the lady _______________ is standing under the tree?
A.who B.whose C.which D.that
30.The woman _______________ son won the first prize in the competition was very proud.
A. who B. which C. whose
31 —Sally, which room would you like to _______________?
—I like to live in a room _______________ is bright enough.
A. live in; that B. live in; where C. live; that D. live; where
32. The factory _______________ I am going to is the place _______________ my mother used to work many years ago.
A. where; where B. where; which C. which; where D. which; which
33. Happiness and success often come to those _______________ are good at recognizing their own strengths.
A. where B. who C. what D. which
34. —Sally, which room would you like to _______________?
—I like to live in a room _______________ is bright enough.
A. live in; that B. live in; where
C. live; that D. live; where
35. The factory _______________ I am going to is the place _______________ my mother used to work many years ago.
A. where; where B. where; which
C. which; where D. which; which
36. Happiness and success often come to those _______________ are good at recognizing their own strengths.
A. where B. who C. what D. which
37. —_______________ is the teacher _______________ gave us the talk yesterday?
—She is having a meeting.
A. Where; who B. Who; whose C. What; who D. What; which
38. Tony, tell me the result of the discussion _______________ you had with your dad yesterday.
A. what B. which C. when D. who
二、句型转换。
1、The girl is my cousin. The girl is wearing glasses. （改为定语从句）
The girl _______________ wearing g1asses is my cousin.
2、Zhai zhigang became the first Chinese astronaut to walk in space. （改为定语从句）
Zhai zhigang became the first Chinese astronaut _______________ _______________ in space.
3、The girl with a flower in her hand is my sister. （改为含定语从句的复合句）
The girl _______________ _______________ a flower in her hand is my sister.
4、That’s quite a beautiful house. I used to live in it. （合并成含有定语从句的复合句）
The house _______________ I used to live in _______________ quite beautiful.
5、The man with a pair of glasses is my physics teacher. （改为定语从句）
The man _______________ _______________ a pair of glasses is my physics teacher.
三、用适当的关系代词填空。
1. This is the house in I lived ten years ago.
2. The man from I borrowed the book is Li Lei.
3. This is the car for he paid fifty thousand dollars.
4. He was surprised at you said to him yesterday afternoon.
四、用适当的介词填空。
1. Do you like the book which she paid $10?
2. Do you like the book which she learned a lot?
3. Do you like the book which she often talks?
4. The library which students often study was on fire last night.
5. The reason which he didn’t come was that he was ill.
6. I’ll never forget the time which I lived in the countryside.
7. The woman whom Spielberg is married is an actress.
8. She didn’t know the teacher whom I turned for advice.
9. China has a lot of rivers, the second longest which is the Yellow River.

【参考答案】
【模拟检测】
1.A【解析】关系代词that在定语从句中作主语。
2.D【解析】关系代词that在定语从句中作宾语。
3.C【解析】关系代词that在定语从句中作主语。
4.B【解析】先行词被最高级the most beautiful修饰了，所以关系代词用that。
5.A【解析】关系代词which在定语从句中作主语。
6.B【解析】关系代词that在定语从句中作主语。
7.A【解析】关系代词who在定语从句中作主语。
8.C【解析】关系代词who在定语从句中作主语。
9.A【解析】关系代词who在定语从句中作主语。
10.C【解析】whose在定语从句作定语修饰car，表示所属关系。
11.B【解析】关系代词在定语从句中作宾语。
12.D【解析】关系代词that在定语从句中作主语。
13.D【解析】关系代词that在定语从句中作宾语。
14.B【解析】关系代词who在定语从句中作主语。
15.B【解析】关系代词who在定语从句中作主语。
16.B【解析】关系代词that在句中作主语。
17.A【解析】关系代词在句中作主语，表示人，用who。
18.C【解析】关系代词who代替先行词，在句中作主语。
19.A【解析】关系代词只带人作主语。
20.D【解析】先行词是地点，关系词在定语从句中作宾语，所以用which。
21. A【解析】句意：我已经和我们学校几个学生成好朋友了，他们是我去年英语演讲比赛时遇见的。根据句意可知，这是定语从句，in my school是介词短语作定语修饰the students, 所以先行词是students, 是人，且关系代词在从句中作宾语，结合选项，故选A。
22. A【解析】句意：每次我让他帮忙，他总是说我没有能为你做的，去问其他人吧。A. that那；B. which哪一个；C. what什么，这是一个定语从句结构，先行词是nothing不定代词，引导词用that；故选A
23. C【解析】句意：地球是唯一为我们提供所需物品的星球。 保护它是我们的责任。本句包含了一个定语从句，先行词是planet＂行星＂，先行词在定语从句中做主语，先行词是物，可以选用that/which，选项A只能做先行词是人的关系词，选项B不能做定语从句的引导词，故排除A、B，先行词有only修饰，只能使用that来做关系词，故选C。
24. D【解析】句意：她正在谈论关于我们上个月参观的那个学校和那里的老师。who引导定语从句，修饰人，作主语或宾语；which引导定语从句，修饰事物，作主语或宾语；where引导定语从句，修饰地点名词，作状语；that引导定语从句，修饰人或事物，作主语或宾语。根据the school and teachers可知此处既修饰人，又修饰事物，故用that引导定语从句，故选D。
25. D【解析】句意：这是那个学校屋顶，一群上海的学生在那里种蔬菜。which修饰事物，在定语从句中作主语，宾语或表语。that修饰事物，在定语从句中作主语，宾语或表语。what引导名词性从句，在句中作主语，宾语或表语；where引导定语从句，在句中作状语。此处修饰地点名词the school rooftop，定语从句中主语，谓语和宾语齐全，故用where作地点状语，故选D。
26. A【解析】句意：我永远不会忘记三年之前我参观的那个贫穷的学校。这里是which引导的定语从句，先行词是the poor school，关系词用which。故选A。
27. D【解析】句意：我仍然记得两年前在伦敦我访问的大学和老师。根据句意及题干分析此题是考查定语从句的用法，先行词是the college and the teachers，既有人也有物，所以关系词只能用that，故选D。
28. B【解析】句意：——你认识帮助老人过马路的那个小男孩吗？——不，但他是多么的好呀！先行词the little boy在定语从句中作主语，可以用关系代词who代替，故选B。
29. D【解析】句意：站在树下的那位女士是谁？who谁；whose谁的；which哪一个；that那。先行词the lady在定语从句中作主语，在主句中含有疑问词who，所以可以用关系代词that代替。故选D。
30. C【解析】句意：在这个比赛中这个妇女的儿子赢得一等奖她非常的骄傲。本题考查定语从句的的用法，关系词在定语从句中作定语故用whose.。故选C。
31. A【解析】根据which room would you like to可知这里考查live的用法，live 是一个不及物动词，后面不能直接跟宾语，如果跟宾语的话，需要加其它的词，在这里room作它的宾语，表示住在这个房间里，所以需要加介词in；再根据I like to live in a room _______________ is bright enough，本部分考查的是定语从句，room是先行词，定语从句中缺少主语，that可作主语，where, how, in which不可作主语。选A。
32. C【解答】考查定语从句的辨析。where 引导的定语从句，在从句中作地点状语，等于介词+which；which哪一个，引导定语从句，在从句中作主语、宾语，一般指物。根据题意可知，先行词为factory，指物，going to后面缺少一个宾语，故用which引导此定语从句；句子表语the place是第二个空格的先行词，而后面my mother used to work many years ago缺少的是地点状语，与先行词the place之间要用介词in连接，在定语从句中in which可用where表达，故用where引导，故选C。
33. B【解答】本句考查的是定语从句。先行词是those＂那些人＂，指人，同时引导词又在后面的定语从句中作主语，故用who。
34. A【解析】根据 which room would you like to，可知这里考查 live 的用法，live是一个不及物动词， 后面不能直接跟宾语，如果跟宾语的话，需要加其它的词，在这里room作它的宾语，表示住在这个房间里，所以需要加介词 in；再根据I like to live in a room _______________ is bright enough，本部分考查的是定语从句，room是先行词，定语从句中缺少主语。that 可作主语，where、how、in which 不可作主语。故选A。
35.C【解析】本题考查定语从句的辨析. where 引导的定语从句，在从句中作地点状语，等于介词+which；which，哪一个，引导的定语从句，在从句中作主语、宾语， 一般指物. 根据题意可知，先行词为 factory，指物，going to 后面缺少一个宾语 故用 which 引导此定语从句；句子表语 the place 真是第二个空格的先行词，而后面 my mother used to work many years ago 缺少的是地点状语，与先行词 the place 要用介词 in 连接， 在定语从句中 in which 可用 where 表达，故用 where 引导，故选C。
36. B【解析】本句考查的是定语从句：先行词是 those＂那些人＂，指人，同时引导 词又在后面的定语从句中作主语，故用 who。
37. A【解析】第一个空：where 询问的是地点；who 询问的是人物；what 引导宾 语从句，做从句的逻辑主语或者宾语；根据回答 She is having a meeting（她正在开会） 可知，问题应该是问那个老师在哪里，所以第一个空格填 where。 第二个空：结合句意及句子特点可知为定语从句，先行词为 the teacher，表人；who 引 导的定语从句，在从句里做主语的成分，whose 意思是＂谁的＂表物主，作定语；which 的先行词为物，在从句中作主语或宾语。根据题意可知，先行词是 the teacher，引导词在从 句里做主语的成分，所以应用 who. 综合起来，故选 A。
18. B【解析】what不能引导定语从句；which关系代词，指物，在定语从句中作主语或宾语；when关系副词，指时间，在定语从句中作时间状语；who关系代词，指人，在定语从句中作主语或宾语；根据the discussion you had with your dad yesterday.可知本句中先行词是discussion，指物，是定语从句的宾语，所以应该用 which，故选B。
二、句型转换。
1、who/that is 2、that walked 3、who/that has/holds 4、which, is 5、who/that wears/has
三、用适当的词填空。
1. which 2. whom 3. which 4. What
四、用适当的介词填空。
1. for 2. from 3. about
4. in 5. for 6. during
7. to 8. to 9. of