2021届高考英语二轮复习语法精准练 专题四：动词的时态和语态
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2021届高考英语二轮复习语法精准练
专题四：动词的时态和语态
1.The old man found the key that he______ (lose).
2.She ought to stop work; she has a headache because she _____ (read) all day long.
3.I can't invite you to dinner this weekend as I ____________(paint) my house at that moment.
4.She burst into tears and then _____ (explode) with anger in front of him.
5.Although he is breathing, I can see he ____________(die).
6.Ladies and gentlemen, please fasten your seat belts. The plane ____________(take) off.
7.My brother ___________(play) football quite well, but he hasn't played it since last year.
8.The government's efforts to help develop Hubei's economy _____________(prove) to be a huge success by now.
9.A rescue worker risked his life to save two tourists who ________________(trap) in the mountains for two days.
10.In 1960, this was the longest bridge that ________________(build) before.
11.As we all know, the 2022 Winter Olympics ______________________(hold) in Beijing, China.
12.The fund ___________(design) to help worthy students.
13.The report advocated that all buildings should __________ (fit) with smoke detectors.
14.His proposal that the system _____ (change) was rejected.
15.You'll feel as if you _______ (be) at home while here.
16.阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Qian Xuesen, a gifted rocket scientist ①________led China’s space and rocketry programs, was born in Shanghai in December 1911.He ②________(admit)into Shanghai Jiao Tong University in 1929.In1934,he won ③________scholarship and in 1935 he left China to study at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology. One year later, he ④________(go)to the California Institute of Technology to start graduate studies under Theodore yon Kármán, a world-famous professor of aerodynamics(空气动力学).
From 1938 to 1955,Qian stayed in America, working with Kármán to research aerodynamics, rocketry and missiles. Despite his high salary and comfortable life in the US, Qian remained ⑤________(concern)about his home country’s development. In October 1955,Qian braved all the difficulties and ⑥________(final)made his way back to China.
Upon his arrival, Qian Xuesen, together ⑦________dynamics expert Qian Weichang, established the Institute of Mechanics. Then Qian set out ⑧________(lead)China’s missile and rocketry programs.
Uninterested in fortune and fame,Qian devoted his life to ⑨________(rebuild)the nation.“As a Chinese technician,my life’s purpose is to serve the people,”he said.“If after I die the public feels I have made a contribution during my life,that ⑩________(approve)will be the highest praise of a11.”Qian died on Oct.31,2009.The Chinese people will never forget his contribution.
17.阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Alice Pang from Hong Kong always liked dressing well and looking elegant, but never ①_______(actual) considered a career (职业) in modelling. But her granddaughter always thought she had a gift ②_______it, so when she saw an online ad for senior models over 65, she sent in Alice’s pictures and she was selected for a photo shoot.
Though ③_______( know) nothing about modelling, Alice Pang had all the natural qualities and succeeded. Today, she ④_______(recognize) as one of the best senior models in Asia, as well as the oldest.
“What I was worried about was ⑤_______I did not have the slightest idea of how to model. But my manager taught me a lot and those girls helped me with my makeup. I gradually developed an interest in modelling and got ⑥_______(good) at it,” Alice said in an interview.
“I entered ⑦_______industry when I was 93 and this is my third year working as a model,” she added.
While most people praise her for her ⑧_______(act) lifestyle and the courage to start a whole new career in her nineties, Alice Pang is not without her critics (批评). She chooses ⑨_______(ignore) them, though, saying that her personal ⑩_______(happy) is all that counts.
答案以及解析
1.答案：had lost
解析：句意：老人找到了丢失的钥匙。动词found发生在过去，丢失钥匙发生在found之前，即"过去的过去"，故用过去完成时。
2.答案：has been reading
解析：考查动词的时态。句意：她应该停止工作； 她因为一整天都在看书而头痛。根据句意可知"read"这一动作发生在过去，并一直持续到现在，有可能持续下去，因此使用现在完成进行时。
3.答案：will be painting
解析：考查时态。此处表示将来一段时间内正在发生的动作,故用将来进行时。
4.答案：exploded
解析：句意为：她在他面前突然大哭，继而勃然大怒。从语境中可以推测出本句动作应该是发生在过去，因此burst和explode两个并列谓语动词的时态应为一般过去时。注意burst的过去式和过去分词均为burst。
5.答案：is dying
解析：考查动词的时态。句意:尽管他在呼吸,但我能看出他要死了。此处用现在进行时表示将要发生的动作。
6.答案：is taking
解析：考查动词的时态。句意:女士们、先生们,请系好安全带。飞机就要起飞了。此处用现在进行时表示将来。
7.答案：plays
解析：考查一般现在时。句意:我弟弟踢足球很棒,但从去年以来他没再踢过。描述人的能力应用一般现在时。
8.答案：have proved
解析：考查时态和语态。句意;到目前为止,政府帮助湖北省发展经济的努力已证明是巨大的成功。prove"证明是,被发现是,显示出是",为连系动词,没有被动语态。根据时间状语by now可知,这里应用现在完成时,故填have proved。
9.答案：had been trapped
10.答案：had been built
11.答案：will be held
解析：考查一般将来时的被动语态。句意:众所周知,2022年冬奥会将在中国北京举行。根据the 2022 Winter Olympics可知,hold这一动作还未发生,应用一般将来时;且 the 2022 Winter Olympics与hold之间为被动关系,故用一般将来时的被动语态。
12.答案：is designed
解析：句意为:该基金旨在帮助那些优秀的学生。be designed to do sth意为“为做某事而设计的;目的是做某事”。
13.答案：be fitted
解析：考查语态。句意:报告主张所有建筑物都应安装烟雾探测器。advocate后接宾语从句时,从句谓语要用(should)do形式,fit和all buildings之间是被动关系,所以用被动语态。
14.答案：(should) be changed
解析：句意为：他提的关于修改制度的建议被拒绝了。句中的that引导的是同位语从句，属于名词性从句的一种。表示"建议"或"请求"的名词（request，advice，suggestion，proposal等）后的表语从句或同位语从句需要用虚拟语气，即从句谓语用"should +动词原形"，should可以省略。system与change之间为被动关系，故填（should）be changed。
15.答案：were
解析：句意:在这里你会感到像在家里一样。as if意为“似乎;好像”,后跟从句时常用虚拟语气,由语境可知此处表示与现在事实相反的假设,be动词一般用 were。
16.答案：
1.客观填空 who／that
2.客观填空 was admitted
3.客观填空 a
4.客观填空 went
5.客观填空 concerned
6.客观填空 finally
7.客观填空 with
8.客观填空 to lead
9.客观填空 rebuilding
10.客观填空 approval
解析：
【文章大意】本文是一篇人物类故事阅读,文章主要介绍了为中国重建作出巨大贡献的火箭科学家钱学森的光辉事迹。
1.【答案】who/that
【解析】考查定语从句。此句为限制性定语从句,先行词a gifted rocket scientist(有天赋的火箭科学家),表示“人”,在从句中作主语,所以此处应用关系代词who/that 引导定语从句。故填who/that 。
2.【答案】was admitted
【解析】考查被动语态。admit意为“招入、准许......加入”,及物动词,与主语He(他)是动宾关系,而且本文是以一般过去时为主介绍钱学森的光辉事迹,所以此处应用一般过去时的被动语态,故填was admitted。
3.【答案】a
【解析】考查不定冠词。scholarship意为“奖学金”,可数名词单数,以辅音音素开头,故填a。
4.【答案】went
【解析】go to the California Institute of Technology意为“上了/去加州理工学院 ”,本文是以一般过去时为主假设钱学森的光辉事迹,所以此处应用一般过去时,谓语动词用过去式。故填went。
5.【答案】concerned
【解析】考查形容词。remain意为“继续保持、仍然是”连系动词,后面应接形容词作表语,concern意为“关切、关注”,名词,也可以作动词,其形容词形式是concerned, remain concerned about...意为“继续关切......”,固定短语。故填concerned。
6【答案】finally
【解析】考查副词。在动词前面应用副词,final意为“最后的”,形容词,其副词形式是finally。故填finally。
7.【答案】with
【解析】考查介词。句意:他一抵达后,钱学森就与动力学专家钱伟长共同创办了力学研究所。together with意为“和......一起”,固定短语。故填with。
8.【答案】to lead
【解析】考查动词不定式。句意:随后,钱学森开始领导中国的导弹和火箭项目。set out to do sth.意为“开始着手做某事”,固定短语。所以此处应用动词不定式作宾语。故填to lead。
9.【答案】rebuilding
【解析】考查动名词。句意:对名利不感兴趣,钱学森毕生致力于国家重建。devote one's life to doing sth.意为“毕生致力于做某事”,固定短语,所以此处应用动名词作宾语。故填rebuilding。
10.【答案】approval
【解析】考查词形转换。句意:如果在我死后,公众觉得我在一生中为祖国的重建做出了贡献,那么这种认可将是所有中的最高赞誉。分析句意可知,此处需填入一个名词作主语,approve意为“同意、赞成”,动词,其名词形式是approval,意为“认可、认同”。故填approval。
17.答案：
1.客观填空 actually
2.客观填空 for
3.客观填空 knowing
4.客观填空 is recognized/ has been recognized
5.客观填空 that
6.客观填空 better
7.客观填空 the
8.客观填空 active
9.客观填空 to ignore
10.客观填空 happiness
解析：
【语篇导读】本书属于记叙文。来自香港的Alice pang的孙女看到网络上有公司招聘65岁以上的高龄模特,就发了奶奶的照片给招聘公司,结果奶奶被选上了。如今,她已经成为亚洲公认的最资深和最高龄的模特之一。她成了“活到老,学到老”的榜样。
1. 【答案】 actually
【命题意图】考查形容词转化为副词。
【解析】本空后面有动词 considered,因此应用副词修饰动词。句意:……不过,她从未认真考虑过成为一名模特。
2. 【答案】for
【命题意图】考查介词。
【解析】 have a gift for是固定短语,表示“有……的天赋”。句意:然而,Alice pang的孙女却始终认为她一直拥有当模特的天赋……
3. 【答案】knowing
【命题意图】考查现在分词。
【解析】本句有主干句子“Alice Pang had all the natural qualities and succeed”加上本空前面没有主语,因此这里的know应该用作非谓语动词。know这个动作是由 Alice Pang发出,故这里应用现在分词作状语。句意:尽管她对模特这一行一无所知,但她拥有天生就成为时装模特的所有特质,结果她成功了。
4. 【答案】is recognized/ has been recognized
【命题意图】考查被动语态。
【解析】根据句意和句子结构可知,本空应用现在时的被动语态。句意:如今,她已经成为亚洲公认的最资深和最高龄的模特之一。
5. 【答案】that
【命题意图】考查表语从句引导词。
【解析】分析句子结构可知,“I did not have the slightest idea of how to model”是表语从句,该句意思完整,但引导词that不可省略。句意:让我担心的是我一点也不知道如何当模特。
6. 【答案】better
【命题意图】考查形容词的比较级。
【解析】前文谈到:我一点也不知道如何当模特。但是我的经理教了我很多,还有那些女孩帮我化妆。因此本空所在句应意为:我逐渐对当模特产生了兴趣,并做得越来越好了。
7. 【答案】the
【命题意图】考查冠词。
【解析】根据句意可知这里填定冠词the,表示“模特这一行”。句意:我93岁进入模特这一行。
8. 【答案】active
【命题意图】考查形容词。
【解析】本空后面有名词 lifestyle,因此本空应考虑填形容词。再结合句意,这里应填active。句意:虽然大多数人都称赞她90多岁时积极的生活方式和开创全新事业的勇气,但她也不乏批评者。
9. 【答案】to ignore
【命题意图】考查不定式。
【解析】 choose to do sth. 表示“选择做某事”。句意:对此(指批评的声音)她都选择不予理睬。
10. 【答案】 happiness
【命题意图】考查形容词转化为名词。
【解析】本空前面有形容词 personal,后面是“is all that counts”,因此本空应考虑填名词,作宾语从句的主语。句意:她说自己开心是最重要的。
