专题05 事物介绍类-2020中考英语考前必背六大类满分作文

专题05  事务介绍类

一、命题规律

此类话题在全国近5年考查的频次也相对较多，通常以介绍事物的形状、构造、性质、变化、类别、状态、功能、成因、结果等方面的特征。说明的目的是给读者提供知识，使之理解客观世界，掌握解决问题的方法。对中学生而言，事物说明文的出题形式为文字、图标、图表、文体则可见于短文、书信、便条、日记等。写说事物明文必须注意事实准确，表达清晰，条理清楚，层次分明，语言简练，用词准确。

二、好词好句积累

【开头句】

旅游篇

1. I'm glad to hear that you're planning to travel around China during the summer vacation. I'd like to invite you to my hometown Fujian for a visit.

2. You asked me about festivals in China. Let me introduce some important ones to you.

3. I'd like to tell you something about the Chinese Dragon Boat Festival and how I spent it this year.

阅读

1. Nowadays，reading is becoming more and more popular among us.

2. Of all the suggested books, I have decided to choose Secrets of English Words and Time for Kids.

3. The book I'd like to share with you is The Old Man and the Sea, written by an American writer Ernest Hemingway.

4. My dream shop will be a bookstore. I love reading very much，so I want to have a big bookstore.

5. In school we study many subjects, such as Chinese, English, maths, geography and so on. But my favorite subject is English.

共享单车

1. Recently, there are a lot of shared bikes appearing on the street of Meishan. And they become more and more popular with people.

2. Today, as a greener means of transportation, bike'sharing is becoming more and more popular in many cities.

【中间句】

旅游篇

1. If you come, you can enjoy fresh air, blue sky as well as beautiful mountains and clear rivers.

2. Fujian lies in the southeast of China with Fuzhou as its capital city. It has a population of over 38 million.

3. Many famous places of interest like Mount Wuyi and Gulang Island are well worth visiting.

节日

1. The Dragon Boat Festival falls on May 5th this year. People all across China eat  zongzi and dragon boat races are held in many places to remember a great ancient person Qu Yuan.

2. On that day, we eat yuanxiao, go to watch lantern shows and dragon dances to pray for health and happiness for the whole year.

3. To welcome the new year, we do some cleaning, buy new clothes, set off fireworks and visit our relatives.

阅读

1. I like reading newspapers and magazines, from which I get lots of fun and learn about what's going on around the world.

2. What I like most about the book is that the fisherman never gives up when meeting difficulties.

3. There will be a big reading room in it and people can sit in the chair to read their favorite books or magazines.

4. Knowing English makes my traveling much easier. I can make many foreign friends, too.

【结尾句】

1. This tells us that nothing seems terrible as long as we have a strong will and a brave heart.

2. I hope you can come to China next year and spend the festival with me.

3. Besides, reading can help me know more about the outside world and make me enrich my knowledge. That's why my dream shop is a bookstore.

4. I will continue to study hard in my English studies and improve it to a higher stage.

训练一

书包伴我学习，伴我成长。某英文报以“My Schoolbag”为题，举办中学生征文活动。请根据下列图表信息，写一篇短文，内容包括：书包的外形特征、用途和书包背后的课业问题以及课余你期望做的事情。

提示：1. 短文应包括图表中的全部信息，条理清楚，行文连贯，段落分明；

2. 短文中不能出现真实的人名和地名；

3. 词数不少于80，开头已给出，不计入总词数。

My Schoolbag

I have a schoolbag. ___________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

【审题】

1. 本文是命题作文，题目是“My Schoolbag”，要求介绍书包的外形特征、用途和书包背后的课业问题及课余你期望做的事情。注意文章要条理清楚，段落分明；

2. 内容包括图表中的全部信息，不能有遗漏；

3. 介绍书包的相关情况，用一般现在时，人称使用第三人称。

【指导】

【范文】 

My Schoolbag

I have a schoolbag. It's big and green. It costs 50 yuan.In my schoolbag, there are textbooks, workbooks, notebooks and a red pencil­box with pens, pencils, rulers and erasers in it. I put my drinking bottle in its side pockets. As you know, there are so many books in my schoolbag, so it's very heavy. Every day I have to finish lots of schoolwork from  most of the subjects. I have no enough time to sleep. I am really tired.I need to relax myself. I expect to do what I want. I want to listen to music or watch my favorite TV programs after school. I hope my parents will take me to visit some interesting places and get to know the outside world during holidays. I have to keep a balance between study and rest.

训练二

假如你是李华，你的美国朋友Jeff向你了解你校的课堂教学形式，请你根据提示内容用英语给他写封电子邮件，并谈谈你的感受。

要点提示：1. 我们的课堂是开放自由、生动有趣的。

2. 我们在课堂上经常讲故事，做游戏。

3. 老师在课堂上经常使用电脑，给我们听音乐，看录像等，使我们学到更多知识。

4. 在课堂上老师给我们足够的时间进行自主学习和自由讨论。

5. 我们有更多的机会展示自我。

要求：(1)短文须包含要点提示中的所有信息(不要逐字翻译)，并在此基础上适当发挥；

(2)词数：80左右(短文开头已给出，不计入总词数)；

(3)文中不得出现真实姓名、校名和地名。

可能用到的词汇：study and think for oneself, ability of independent study, discuss in groups freely, show/express oneself

Dear Jeff，

I was glad to receive your letter and I'd like to tell you something about how we study in class.__________________________________________________________________________

_______________________________________________________________________________

_______________________________________________________________________________

_______________________________________________________________________________

_______________________________________________________________________________

_______________________________________________________________________________

_______________________________________________________________________________

Li Hua

【审题】

1. 本文围绕课堂教学形式展开，写作时要包含5点提示，同时要注意描述个人感受；
2. 讲述课堂教学形式，时态主要用一般现在时，人称主要使用第一人称。

【指导】

【范文】

Dear Jeff，

I was glad to receive your letter and I'd like to tell you something about how we study in class. Now our classes are open and free. All of our classmates feel the classes are interesting and lively as we often tell stories and play games. Thus, we can not only learn but also have fun. The teachers often use the computer in class. We can learn more by listening to music and watching videos. Our teachers give us enough time to study and think for ourselves to develop our ability of independent study. We also have more chances to discuss in groups freely, so we can learn how to communicate with each other and learn from each other. Sometimes we even express ourselves/show our talents in front of the whole class. And we can ask questions during or after class freely.

Li Hua

训练三

今年暑假，我们学校将组织你们前往加拿大参加友好交流活动。学校要求你们写一篇有关北京的简介，以便在交流期间向外国朋友介绍。

要求：1. 使用给出的提示词(可适当发挥)。

提示词：capital of China, lie in, many places of interest, best season, Chinese traditional food, Beijing Opera, the 29th Olympic Games...

2. 词数80－100(文章的首句已经给出，不计入总词数)。

3. 语句通顺，过渡自然。

4. 文中不得出现真实的校名和人名等相关信息。

Beijing is the capital of China._________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

【审题】

1. 本文要求写一篇关于北京的说明介绍文，可从位置、景点介绍、最佳旅游时间、饮食文化、民情、交通等方面入手，注意运用已给的提示词；写作时，可使用there be句型，条件状语从句等；
2. 写作中，以第二人称为主，时态用一般现在时。

【要点指导】

【范文】

Beijing is the capital of China. It lies in the north of China. It is the centers of culture, politics and economics of China. There are many places of interest in Beijing, such as the Great Wall, the Forbidden City, Tian'anmen Square and so on. I like the Great Wall best, because it is the longest wall in the world. The best seasons in Beijing are Spring in May and Autumn in October. If you like to travel, you can come to Beijing in May or October. And you can enjoy not only eating Chinese traditional food——Beijing Roast Duck but also watching Beijing Opera. And you can find all kinds of interesting things in Beijing. The people in Beijing are friendly and hospitable. The new subways are very convenient in all directions. The 29th Olympic Games was held successfully in Beijing in 2008. It let the world know more about Beijing and China. So welcome to travel to Beijing. You'll love it！

训练四

下周一上午轮到你在英语课上做课堂报告，你打算把爸爸最近网购的音乐机器人(music robot)介绍给同学们，下图是关于这个音乐机器人的广告。请你根据所提供的信息写一份发言稿。

注意：(1)选择所给信息进行介绍，建议举例说明并适当发挥；

(2)必须谈谈你对音乐机器人的看法；

(3)文中不得出现真实的姓名和校名；

(4)词数：80－100。短文开头已给出，不计入总词数。

参考词汇：提醒 remind...of　connect... to the Internet　provide services

Good morning, everyone! Here, I'd  like to introduce the music robot my father bought online._________________________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

【审题】

1. 本文要求写一篇发言稿，主要内容是介绍音乐机器人，文体为说明文；根据提示内容可知这个音乐机器人可以提供天气查询，百科问答，语音提醒和新闻资讯等信息，写作中注意要涉及这些提示信息，同时要进行适当举例说明，丰富内容；
2. 根据所给广告说明进行介绍，时态以一般现在时为主，人称以第三人称为主。

【指导】

【范文】

Good morning, everyone! Here, I'd like to introduce the music robot my father bought online.It is small, so you can even carry it in your backpack. After you connect it to the Internet and speak to it, it can provide different kinds of services. For example, you just say, “Ding Dong, I want to listen to SHE's song”， and it will play their songs immediately. You can also ask it about weather or even your problems in study. Besides, it can remind you of important dates and so on.  

I am so amazed at my music robot because it makes my life more enjoyable and convenient. I really love it.

训练五

你班将要举行以“感恩”为话题的英语主题班会，请你参考以下提示，写一篇演讲稿，以表达你对他或她的感激之情。

要求：1.参考提示语，可适当发挥；

2．语句通顺，意思连贯，书写工整；

3．文中不得出现真实地名和姓名；

4．词数：60～80词。(开头和结尾已给出，但不计入总词数。)

Hello, everyone!

Today I'm here to express my thanks to. _______________________________________

____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

Thank you for listening!

【指导】

【注意事项】

1．面向全班发言，行文用第一人称为主。

2．讲述过去的事情，时态用一般过去时态为主。

3. 全文60－80词，不得出现真实人名、校名、地址。

【范文】

Hello,_everyone!

Today_I'm_here_to_express_my_thanks_to my math teacher, Mr Wang. He gave me much help. Once I was weak in math and wanted to give up. But he encouraged me and gave me many good suggestions. He also helped me do much practice. With his help, I made progress little by little. Now I am good at it. From this, I learn that we shouldn't be afraid of difficulties. Instead, we should try our best. He is really a kind and helpful teacher. I am quite thankful to him and will remember him forever.

Thank_you_for_listening!