2019届湖南省湘赣十四校（湖南省长郡中学、江西省南昌市第二中学）等高三下学期第二次联考英语试题（解析版）

2019届湘赣·十四校高三联考第二次考试
英语试题
由长郡中学；衡阳八中；永州市四中；岳阳县一中；湘潭县一中；湘西州民中；九江市一中；石门一中；澧县一中；益阳市一中；桃源县一中；株洲市二中；麓山国际；江西南昌二中联合命题
炎德文化审校、制作
总分：150分 时量：120分钟
考试时间：2019年4月7日15：00——17：00
第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分）
做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。
第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。
每段对话仅读一遍。
例: How much is the shirt?
A.￡19.15 B.￡9.18 C.￡9.15
答案是C
1. What will the speakers do tonight?
A. Watch TV. B. Go to the movies. C. Enjoy a concert.
2. Where does the conversation probably take place?
A. At the airport. B. On the plane. C. In a coffee shop.
3. When will the woman probably arrive in Hong Kong?
A. On November 28th. B. On November 14th. C. On November 1st.
4. What makes the woman disappointed about the restaurant?
A. The food. B. The environment. C. The service.
5. What is the woman asking for?
A. A long dress. B. A fancy dress. C. A bright-color dress.
第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟：听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。
6. Where is the man going?
A. To a wedding. B. To an art exhibition. C. To a TV studio.
7. What are the speakers mainly talking about?
A. TV programs. B. Fashion shows. C. Clothes.
听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。
8. What’s wrong with the banana?
A. It was eaten by a cat. B. It is still green. C. It went bad.
9. Why doesn’t the girl want to eat cereal?
A. She has to prepare the milk.
B. She doesn’t like cereal.
C. She ate the same thing yesterday.
10. What will the man do next?
A. Make some pancakes. B. Continue sleeping. C. Have a talk with the girl.
听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。
11. What is the relationship between the speakers?
A. Husband and wife. B. Guide and tourist. C. Host and guest.
12. How long does the speakers trip last?
A. 2 days. B. 7 days. C. 5 days.
13. Where will the speakers visit tomorrow?
A. The Sacre-Coeur. B. The Louvre. C. The Eiffel Tower.
听第9段材料，回答第14至16题。
14. What is the woman doing?
A. Doing a survey. B. Making an appointment. C. Asking for advice.
15. What is the woman interested in?
A. Polar research. B. Classical archaeology. C. The history of science.
16. Why wont the woman visit the last museum this weekend?
A. It doesn’t receive visitors in June.
B. It is closed on weekend.
C. It is under construction.
听第10段材料，回答第17至20题
17. How can people operate a self-driving car?
A. By telling the car their destinations.
B. By pressing some buttons.
C. By calling the operator.
18. Where do self-driving cars mainly appear?
A. In Chicago. B. In Los Angeles. C. In California.
19. Why did the police order the Google car to stop?
A. It drove too slowly. B. It hit another car. C. It broke the law.
20. How far have self-driving cars driven?
A. About 9 million kilometers.
B. About 2 million kilometers.
C. About 19 million kilometers.
第二部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
Restaurants play a major part in defining the characteristics of a city. They reveal the diversity of the place, the pace of the nightlife and the financial health. Beijing, a metropolis that is home to 20 million people, has tens of thousands of restaurants. Here are some special restaurants in Beijing.
● Diaoyutai State Guest Restaurant
Traditionally, Diaoyutai State Guest Restaurant only served visiting dignitaries（达官贵人）. But since1980, it has opened to the public. It offers not only Chinese cuisine at its best but also secluded dining experience in an otherwise buzzing（嘈杂的）metropolis.
Location: No. 2 Fucheng Road, Haidian District, Beijing
Cost: $222.01 per person
● Heritage in Wanda Plaza
Heritage offers French cuisine, which is famous for its rich taste and subtle nuances.
Location: Wanda Plaza, No 93 Jianguo Road, Chaoyang District, Beijing
Cost:$ 125:49 per person
● Kyoto Kaden Minokichi Kaiseki-Ryori in Pangu Hotel
As the only 7 star hotel in Beijing, Kyoto Kaden Minokichi Kaiseki-Ryori is undoubtedly the most expensive restaurant in the city. Kaiseki is a traditional multicourse Japanese diner. Kaiseki only uses seasonal ingredients and is prepared by master Japanese chef to reflect change of season.
Location: Pangu 7 Star Hotel, Beijing 27 Central North 4th Ring Road Chaoyang District, Beijing
Cost: $1159. 29 per person
● China Grill
People come for food but stay for the view. Situated on the top floor of a landmark building in the heart of CBD, China Grill offers an unparalleled view of Beijing landscape.
Location: 66/F Park Hyatt, 2 Jianguomen Wai, CBD, Beijing
Cost: $ 130. 79 per person
1. What does the underlined word “secluded” mean in the second paragraph?
A. Fashionable. B. Peaceful.
C. Popular D. Crowded.
2. What can we learn about Kyoto Kaden Minokichi Kaiseki-Ryori?
A. It only served visiting dignitaries when first opened.
B. Its food is prepared by master Chinese chef.
C. It is located in Haidian District in Beijing.
D. It is the most expensive restaurant in Beijing.
3. What is special about China Grill among the restaurants mentioned above
A. It is the only one that serves Chinese food.
B. It is the cheapest one of the four.
C. You can enjoy the view of Beijing when dining there.
D. It is famous for its rich taste.
【答案】1. B 2. D 3. C
【解析】
这是一篇说明文。本文介绍了北京四家特别的饭店。
【1题详解】
词义猜测题。根据下文中的“in an otherwise buzzing metropolis”可知secluded与buzzing（嘈杂的）词义相反，故划线部分意思为“平静的”故选B。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据Kyoto Kaden Minokichl Kaiseki-Ryoii in Pangu Hotel中的“Kyoto Kaden Minokichi Kaiseki-Ryori is undoubtedly the most expensive restaurant in the city”可知Kyoto Kaden Minokichi Kaiseki-Ryori是北京最贵的餐馆。故正确答案为D。
【3题详解】
推理判断题。根据China Grill“People come for food but stay for the viewChina Grill offers an unparalleled view of Beijing landscape.”可在用餐时可以欣赏北京的景色，是China Grill的特色，故选C项。

B
The world famous Boston Symphony Orchestra normally performs at Symphony Hall in Boston, Massachusetts. But its summer home is the Tanglewood Music Center in western Massachusetts.
The Boston Symphony Orchestra also has a summer program at Tanglewood. It is designed for young singers, musicians and those who create musical works. Great composers like Aaron Copland, Leonard Bernstein and John Adams have worked There.
Serge Koussevitzky led the Boston Symphony Orchestra in 1940. At the time Europe was at war. The United States did not enter World War I until the end of 1941. Mr. Koussevitzky persuaded people in the music industry to open a music school at Tanglewood, the BSO’s summer home. He wanted young, gifted musicians toattend the school for free.
But within two years, the program almost came to an end. “The BSO trustees(托管人) wanted to close the school because of the war and Koussevitzky was angry, and wrote a letter calling it an ‘act of artistic vandalism(损坏)’. And he said, ‘Now is the time when the world needs to be hearing this music’,” says Jeremy Eichler, a music critic for The Boston Globe newspaper. “This music” was not Just works by Beethoven or Brahms. It was the sounds of the time.
Mr. Koussevitzky chose composer Aaron Copland to head the school. “In establishing Aaron Copland as the head of the school not as the head of composition, he was making a very specific statement…And I think he felt very strongly that paying attention to the music of one’s own time is the way to ensure that there will be a future,” says Jeremy Eichler.
Paul Hindemith was a refugee (难民) from the war in Europe. He was chosen as the first head of Tanglewood’s music composition department. He and Copland decided that the school would be a place where composers write new musical works.
Their first performance was Alleluia, a piece written by American composer Randall Thompson. Alleluia has opened the school’s program every summer since it was first performed. Since it opened, Tanglewood’s young musicians, singers and conductors have performed many new compositions. They include the first American performance of Benjamin Britten’s opera Peter Grimes. This year, for its 75th anniversary, the center asks composers to write 34 new pieces of music.
4. What happened to the Tanglewood Music Center?
A. Aaron Copland once worked as the head of the school.
B. Many young, gifted musicians attended the school in 1941.
C. It was closed in 1943 because of the World War II.
D. It was created by Serge Koussevitzky in 1940.
5. Which of the following is in agreement with Serge Koussevitzky’s opinions?
A. The great music should be the reflection of the time.
B. The young should have the chance to learn music for free.
C. The head of a music school should be a composer.
D. The traditional music should not be emphasized.
6. It can be referred that the Tanglewood Music Center attaches importance to .
A. performing new works every year
B. the compositions of famous musicians
C. working with famous composers
D. the young talented musicians creation.
7. What’s the passage mainly about?
A. The great changes taking place in the Tanglewood Music Center.
B. A brief introduction to the Tanglewood Music Center.
C. The development of the Tanglewood Music Center.
D. The events that make the Tanglewood Music Center famous.
【答案】4. A 5. A 6. D 7. B
【解析】
这是一篇说明文。人们都很熟悉闻名于世的波士顿交响乐团，而事实上，位于马塞诸塞州西部的坦格尔伍德音乐中心也是该乐团的组成部分。本文对坦格尔伍德音乐中心进行了简要介绍。
【4题详解】
细节理解题。根据第五段中的“Mr. Koussevitzky chose composer Aaron Copland to head the school” 可知Aaron Copland曾经是Tanglewood Music Center这所学校的校长。故正确答案为A。
【5题详解】
推理判断题。根据第四段中的“It was the sounds of the time.”（这是时代的声音。）和第五段中的“he felt very strongly that paying attention to the music of one’s own time”（ 他强烈地感觉到专注于自己时代的音乐）可推断Serge Koussevitzky认为伟大的音乐应该是时代的反映。故正确答案为A。
【6题详解】
推理判断题。根据第三段中的“He wanted young, gifted musicians toattend the school for free.”（ 他想让有天赋的年轻音乐家免费上这所学校。）和最后一段中的“Since it opened, Tanglewood’s young musicians, singers and conductors have performed many new compositions.”（ 自开业以来，坦格伍德的年轻音乐家、歌手和指挥家们演奏了许多新作品。）可以看出，Tanglewood音乐中心重视青年才俊的创作。故选D。
【7题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第一段最后一句But its summer home is the Tanglewood Music Center in western Massachusetts.以及文章简要介绍了位于马萨诸塞州西部的坦格尔伍德音乐中心，文章主要为简要介绍Tanglewood音乐中心。故选B。

C
Everybody loves a fat pay rise. Yet pleasure at your own can vanish if you learn that a colleague has been given a bigger one. Indeed, if he has a reputation for slacking, you might even be outraged. Such behaviour is regarded as “all too human,” with the underlying assumption that other animals would not be capable of this finely developed sense of grievance(不满,不平). But a study by Sarah Brosnan and Frans de Waal of Emory University in Atlanta, Georgia, which has just been published in Nature, suggests that it is all too monkey, as well.
The researchers studied the behaviour of female brown capuchin monkeys. They look cute. They are good-natured, co-operative creatures, and they share their food readily. Above all, like their female human counterparts, they tend to pay much closer attention to the value of “goods and services” than males.
Such characteristics make them perfect candidates for Dr. Brosnan’s and Dr. de Waals study. The researchers spent two years teaching their monkeys to exchange tokens for food. Normally, the monkeys were happy enough to exchange pieces of rock for slices of cucumber. However, when two monkeys were placed in separate but adjoining chambers, so that each could observe what the other was getting in return for its rock, their behaviour became markedly different.
In the world of capuchins, grapes are luxury goods (and much preferable to cucumbers). So when one monkey was handed a grape in exchange for her token, the second was reluctant to hand hers over for a mere piece of cucumber. And if one received a grape without having to provide her token in exchange at all, the other either tossed her own token at the researcher or out of the chamber, or refused to accept the slice of cucumber. Indeed, the mere presence of a grape in the other chamber(without an actual monkey to eat it) was enough to induce resentment(愤恨)in a female capuchin.
The researchers suggest that capuchin monkeys, like humans, are guided by social emotions. In the wild, they are a co-operative, group-living species. Such cooperation is likely to be stable only when each animal feels it is not being cheated. Feelings of righteous indignation(愤慨), it seems, are not the preserve of people alone. Refusing a lesser reward completely makes these feelings abundantly clear to other members of the group. However, whether such a sense of fairness evolved independently in capuchins and humans, or whether it stems from the common ancestor that the species had 35 million years ago, is, as yet, an unanswered question.

8. In the opening paragraph, the author introduces his topic by ________.
A. making a comparison B. justifying an assumption
C. making a conclusion D. explaining a phenomenon
9. The statement “it is all too monkey” (Last line, Paragraph I) implies that ________.
A. resenting unfairness is also monkeys nature
B. monkeys are also outraged by slack rivals
C. monkeys, like humans, tend to be jealous of each other
D. no animals other than monkeys can develop such emotions
10. Dr. Brosnan and Dr. de Waal have eventually found in their study that the monkeys ________.
A. prefer grapes to cucumbers
B. will not be co-operative if feeling cheated
C. can be taught to exchange things
D. are unhappy when separated from others
11. What can we infer from the last paragraph?
A. Monkeys can be trained to develop social emotions.
B. Cooperation among monkeys remains stable only in the wild.
C. Animals usually show their feelings openly as humans do.
D. Human indignation evolved from an uncertain source.
【答案】8. A 9. A 10. B 11. D
【解析】
这是一篇说明文。人人都喜欢大幅加薪，但是当你知道一个同事薪水加得比你还要多的时候，那么加薪带给你的喜悦感就消失的无影无踪了。如果他还以懒散出名的话，你甚至会变得怒不可遏。这种行为被看作是“人之常情”，其潜在的假定其他动物不可能具有如此高度发达的不满意识。但是由佐治亚州亚特兰大埃里莫大学的Sarah Brosnan和Frans de Waal进行的一项研究表明，它也是“猴之常情”。这项研究成果刚刚发表在《自然》杂志上。
【8题详解】
推理判断题。从文章第一段Such behaviour is regarded as “all too human,” with the underlying assumption that other animals would not be capable of this finely developed sense of grievance(不满,不平). But a study by Sarah Brosnan and Frans de Waal of Emory University in Atlanta, Georgia, which has just been published in Nature, suggests that it is all too monkey, as well.讲人会因为不公平而愤怒，那动物会不会呢？有人认为不会，但是科学研究表明猴子同样会。因此在第一段，作者通过对比介绍了他的主题。故选A。
【9题详解】
词意猜测题。根据上文Such behaviour is regarded as “all too human,” with the underlying assumption that other animals would not be capable of this finely developed sense of grievance(不满,不平).（这种行为被认为“太具有人性特点了”，其基本假设是，其他动物不会有这种高度发达的不满情绪。）而一项Sarah Brosnan和Frans de Waal进行的研究则表明猴子同样会“因为不公平而不愤怒”，故划线部分的意思是“怨恨不公平也是猴子的天性”，故选A。
【10题详解】
细节理解题。最后一段第二句“Such co-operation is likely to be stable only when each animal feels it is not being cheated.”可知只有当每只动物都觉得自己没有被欺骗时，这种合作才可能是稳定的。即Brosnan博士和de Waal博士最终在他们的研究中发现猴子如果感到被欺骗，就不会合作，故选B。
【11题详解】
推理判断题。最后一段最后一句“whether such a sense of fairness evolved independently in capuchins and humans, or whether it stems from the common ancestor that the species had 35 million years ago, is, as yet, an unanswered question”可知这种公平感是在卷尾猴和人类身上独立进化而来的，还是起源于3500万年前的共同祖先，至今仍是一个悬而未决的问题。即人类的对于不公平的愤怒感来自一个不确定的来源。故选D。

D
“Does my smile look big in this?” Future fitting-room mirrors in clothing stores could subtly adjust your reflection to make you look--and hence feel--happier encouraging you to like what you see.
That’s the idea behind the Emotion Evoking System developed by Shigeo Yoshida and colleagues at the University of Tokyo in Japan. The system can manipulate, or in other words, control your emotions and personal preferences by presenting you with an image of your own smiling or frowning face.
The principle that physiological changes can drive emotional ones that laughter comes before happiness, rather than the other way around- is a well-established idea.
The researchers wanted to see if this idea could be used to build a computer system that manipulates how you feel. The system works by presenting the user with a web-camera image of his or her face as if they were looking in a mirror. The image is then subtly altered with-software, turning the corners of the mouth up or down and changing the area around the eyes, so that the person appears to smile or frown.
Without telling them the aim of the study, the team recruited(招募)21 volunteers and asked them to sit in front of the screen while performing an unrelated task. When the task was completed, the participants rated how they felt. When the faces on screen appeared to smile, people reported that they felt happier. On the other hand, when the image was given a sad expression, they reported feeling less happy.
Yoshida and his colleagues tested whether manipulating the volunteers emotional state would influence their preferences. Each person was given a scarf to wear and again presented with the altered webcam image. The volunteers that saw themselves smiling while wearing the scarf were more likely to report that they liked it, and those that saw themselves not smiling were less likely.
“The system could be used to manipulate consumers’ impressions of products,” say the researchers. For example, mirrors in clothing-store fitting rooms could be replaced with screens showing altered reflections. They also suggest people may be more likely to find clothes attractive if they see themselves looking happy while trying them on.
“It’s certainly an interesting area,” says Chris Creed at the University of Birmingham, UK. But he notes that using such technology in a shop would be harder than in the lab, because people will use a wide range of expressions. “Attempting to make slight differences to these and ensuring that the reflected image looks believable would be much more challenging,” he says.
Of course, there are also important moral questions surrounding such subtly manipulative technology. “You could argue that if it makes people happy, what harm is it doing?” says Creed. “But I can imagine that many people may feel manipulated uncomfortable and cheated if they found out.”
12. What’s the main purpose of the Emotion Evoking System?
A. To see whether one’ s facial expressions can be altered.
B. To replace the mirrors in future clothing-store fitting rooms.
C. To see whether laughter comes before happiness.
D. To see whether one’s feeling can be unconsciously affected.
13. What can we learn about the web-camera image in the study?
A. It recorded the volunteers’ performance in the task.
B. It attempted to make the volunteers feel happier.
C. It gave the volunteers a false image.
D. It beautified the volunteers appearance in the mirror.
14. What does Creed mention as a limitation of the technology
A. It only deals with a limited number of facial expressions.
B. It only works in clothing stores.
C. It only makes subtle changes to people’s expressions.
D. It only changes the areas around the mouth and the eyes.
15. What does Creeds comment on the moral issues with this technology imply?
A. People should make their decisions independently.
B. Technology is unable to manipulate people.
C. Nothing is more important than happiness.
D. People should neglect the harm of the technology
【答案】12. D 13. C 14. A 15. A
【解析】
这是一篇说明文。日本东京大学的繁雄吉田和同事开发的情绪引发系统背后的理念。这个系统能够通过呈现给你一个你自己的笑脸或苦脸来操控你的情绪和个人偏好。
【12题详解】
细节理解题。第二段“The system can manipulate, or in other words, control your emotions and personal preferences by presenting you with an image of your own smiling or frowning face.”指出该系统的主要目的是试图通过改变你看到的自己的表情来影响你的情绪和个人偏好。故选D。
【13题详解】
细节理解题。根据第四段The system works by presenting the user with a web-camera image of his or her face as if they were looking in a mirror. The image is then subtly altered with-software, turning the corners of the mouth up or down and changing the area around the eyes, so that the person appears to smile or frown.指出网络摄像头的图像要让志愿者感觉他们在照镜子，即让他们相信看到的图像，而这个图像是被修改了的。由此可见在研究中，我们了解到web-camera图像只是一种假象。故选C。
【14题详解】
细节理解题。根据第八段第二句But he notes that using such technology in a shop would be harder than in the lab, because people will use a wide range of expressions.可知克里德提出在商店很难采用这项技术，原因在于人们的表情太过于丰富，由此可见这项技术的局限性是只能处理相对简单的表情。故选A。
【15题详解】
推理判断题。根据第九段“You could argue that if it makes people happy, what harm is it doing?” says Creed. “But I can imagine that many people may feel manipulated uncomfortable and cheated if they found out.”可知克里德提出这项技术虽然可以让人快乐，但如果被发现了，也可以让人产生被操控感，不安和被欺骗感。因此可知Creeds对这种技术的道德问题的暗示着人们应该独立做决定。故选A。

第二节（共5小题，每小题2分，满分10分）
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
How You Open Your Car Door Matters to Cyclists
The “Dutch Reach” isn’t a new dance move or a random You Tube challenge. ___16___ And you might keep your car door safe in the process, too. All you have to do is change how you open your door.
Typically, a person sitting in the driver’s seat of a car opens the door with the hand closest to it. It makes sense since doors are designed to be opened that way. Pull the handle and the door is open. But if you happen to do that at the wrong time, you may unknowingly create an obstacle for a passing cyclist. The cyclist might be knocked down off the bike. ___17___ Clearly, the solution is for the person exiting the vehicle to check for traffic. However, the car door design and long-time habits have made the process automatically. ___18___ Open your car door with your other hand using the Dutch Reach. So instead of using your left hand, reach for the door handle with your right. This will force you to turn your body. At the very least, you’ll look into your side view mirror to check for any traffic.
___19___ All Dutch are taught it. It’s part of regular driver education. The technique dates back about 50 or 60 years in the Netherlands. In 2016 an American named Michael Charney started the Dutch Reach Project. He wanted to popularize the practice in the United States. Charney’s efforts may be paying off. ___20___
A. The car door is likely to be damaged by the fast-moving bicycle.
B. The Dutch are used to opening their car doors this way.
C. Several states now include the Dutch Reach in their drivers’ handbooks.
D. It’s a simple move that can help prevent harm to cyclists.
E. People are trying to change the way to open the car.
F. It is easy to do once you are used to it.
G. Luckily, there’s a simple way to solve the problem.
【答案】16. D 17. A
18. G 19. B
20. C
【解析】
这是一篇说明文。介绍了“荷兰式开车门法”——the “Dutch Reach”。
【16题详解】
承接上句The “Dutch Reach” isn’t a new dance move or a random You Tube challenge.本句为给出the “Dutch Reach”的定义，并由D选项的主语it指代前句的主语。故选D。
【17题详解】
由前句The cyclist might be knocked down off the bike.讲的是骑自行车的人被门撞倒了，可以推知后一句应为车门被自行车撞后的后果。前句有might be与A选项中be likely to承接，故选A。
【18题详解】
由后一句Open your car door with your other hand using the Dutch Reach.可推迟这是针对上文出现的问题提出解决方案，应可对应到G选项。
【19题详解】
由上下文的逻辑和后一句All Dutch are taught it.中的的it指代上文this way，可以推知选B。
20题详解】
由前文He wanted to popularize the practice in the United States. Charney’s efforts may be paying off.中的in the United States和paying off，可推断出来选C。

第三部分 语言知识运用（共两节，满分45分）
第一节（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
I understood Chinese cultures only seen on TV and in books but only made little headway learning Chinese. ___21___ , it did not matter. The patience, generosity and ___22___ of strangers left me pleasantly surprised with Beijing.
I ___23___ needed Chinese On my birthday, for example, I was ___24___ in the city. Everyone I knew was out of town, so I decided to ___25___ a day of it myself. I went shopping. After three happy hours, I went confidently up to the ___26___and for a minute, I ___27___ everyone spoke English.
But after ___28___ my items, the woman behind the counter spoke in Chinese, and all I could do was stare ___29___.I thought she was asking cash or card, so I pulled out some notes, but she ____30____ her head. We stood there for a few minutes ____31____ another cashier said, “A couple of your ____32____ are part of the sale and cannot be exchanged or ____33____ once bought.”
Another day, I went to the police station as I had lost my wallet in a ____34____ land During that 20-minute talk, I realized the eagerness and ____35____ of people.
Speaking in a mix of Chinese and English, the young police officer did all he could to put me ____36____. He knew that as foreigners we were nervous at the police station, so he smiled and spoke. In the end, the ____37____ took a couple of hours and the wallet did not ____38____ anymore. I had made a friend.
There are many ____39____ and unforgettable memories of getting by without ____40____ , but perhaps without the friends help, Beijing may not have been so easy to navigate.
21. A. Lastly B. However C. Instead D. Thus
22. A. sacrifice B. efforts C. warmth D. promise
23. A. rarely B. basically C. completely D. totally
24. A. still B. even C. only D. alone
25. A. make B. need C. do D. plan
26. A. exit B. store C. counter D. hall
27. A. realized B. recognized C. guaranteed D. assumed
28. A. ringing up B. showing up C. assessing D. examining
29. A. poorly B. helplessly C. quickly D. patiently
30. A. waved B. nodded C. shook D. hung
31. A. until B. as C. after D. for
32. A. expenses B. purchases C. supplies D. parcels
33. A. accepted B. canceled C. returned D. broken
34. A. foreign B. same C. different D. new
35. A. happiness B. wisdom C. excitement D. kindness
36. A. for sure B. at ease C. in order D. in place
37. A. incident B. procedure C. question D. survey
38. A. matter B. stay C. change D. return
39. A. interesting B. amusing C. pleasant D. admiring
40. A. cell phone B. police officers C. Chinese D. cashiers
【答案】21. B 22. C 23. A 24. D 25. A 26. C 27. D 28. A 29. B 30. C 31. A 32. B 33. C 34. A 35. D 36. B 37. B 38. A 39. C 40. C
【解析】
这是一篇记叙文。讲述了一个外国人在北京的生活经历。文章最后点明中心：朋友的帮助给他在北京的生活带来了便利和快乐。
【21题详解】
考查连词辨析。A. Lastly最后；B. However然而；C. Instead代替；D. Thus因此。后一句话给出信息提示，前后文语意应该是转折关系，故选However。故选B。
【22题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。A. sacrifice牺牲；B. efforts努力；C. warmth温暖；D. promise承诺。由前面的patience、generosity和后面的pleasantly可得知选warmth。故选C。
【23题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。A. rarely罕有地；B. basically基本地；C. completely彻底地；D. totally完全地。通过后文两句话，可以知道作者在生活中很少需要使用中文，故选rarely。故选A。
【24题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。A. still静止的；B. even相等的；C. only仅有的；D. alone独自。由后文的那句话语意以及myself可得知,作者的朋友都不在城里,故选alone。故选D。
【25题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。A. make制造；B. need需要；C. do做；D. plan计划。短语make a day of it意为“痛痛快快玩一天”。故选A。
【26题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。A. exit出口；B. store商店；C. counter柜台；D. hall大厅。从后文中可得知，作者在买东西，因此是走向柜台结账，故选counter。故选C。
【27题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。A. realized意识到；B. recognized认识；C. guaranteed 保证；D. assumed假设；以为。句意：我以为大家都说英语。故选D。
【28题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。A. ringing up打电话；把款项记入现金进出记录机；B. showing up露面；C. assessing评价；D. examining检查。ring up翻译为：将（款项）输入现金出纳机。也就是我们熟悉的买东西时候的“扫码”。故选A。
【29题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。A. poorly贫穷地；B. helplessly无助的；C. quickly迅速地；D. patiently耐心地。根据上下文可知，收银员不会英文，作者很无助，故选helplessly。故选B。
【30题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。A. waved挥动；B. nodded点头；C. shook摇动；D. hung挂。句意：她摇了摇头。短语shake one’s head“摇头”，故选C。
【31题详解】
考查连词辨析。A. until直到才；B. as随着；C. after在……之后；D. for因为。根据上下文的语意我们站在那里好几分钟，直到另一个收银员说……可知选until。故选A。
【32题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。A. expenses花费；B. purchases所购物；C. supplies物资；D. parcels包裹。句意：你买的一些东西是打折品，一旦买了就不能兑换或退换。故选B。
【33题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。A. accepted接受；B. canceled取消；C. returned归还；退回；D. broken打破。购物须知中会有：有的商品，一旦购买，不得退回。故选returned。故选C。
【34题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。A. foreign国外的；陌生的；B. same相同的；C. different不同的；D. new新的。a foreign land意为“陌生的地方”。由上下文知道，作者是一名外国人在北京生活，故选foreign。故选A。
【35题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。A. happiness幸福；B. wisdom智慧；C. excitement激动；D. kindness好意。通过下文内容可知，一个年轻的警察竭尽所能让作者平静下来，并通过后面的smiled and spoke都是他的友善行为，可知选kindness。故选D。
【36题详解】
考查介词短语辨析。A. for sure确实；B. at ease放松；放心；C. in order整齐；D. in place适当。句意：这位年轻的警官操着中英混合的语言，尽其所能让我放心。故选B。
【37题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。A. incident事件；B. procedure过程；C. question 问题；D. survey调查。根据上文可知找钱包这个“过程”花费了几个小时，procedure意为“程序、手续、步骤”，符合上下文语境,故选B。
【38题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。A. matter妨碍；紧要；B. stay待在；C. change改变；D. return归还。句意：最后，这个过程花了几个小时，钱包不再重要了。matter意“紧要、有重大影响”符合上下文语境,故选A。
【39题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。A. interesting有趣的；B. amusing好玩的；C. pleasant令人愉快的；D. admiring赞赏的。由后文的unforgettable memories,可推知选pleasant。故选C。
【40题详解】
考查名词短语辨析。A. cell phone手机；B. police officers警察；C. Chinese中文；D. cashiers收银员。get by without Chinese意为“不用中文也能勉强应付”符合上下文语意。故选C。

第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
It ___41___debate) for years: Are eggs good or bad for you? People who eat an added three or four eggs a week or 300 milligrams of dietary cholesterol (胆固醇) per day, have a higher risk of both heart disease and early death compared with those who eat ___42___ (few) eggs, new research finds.
“Eggs, ___43___ (special) the yolk, are a major source of dietary cholesterol,” wrote Victor Zhong. In ___44___ study published Friday in the medical journal JAMA ___45___ there are many unexpected reports, he and his colleagues noted that a single large egg contains about 186 milligrams of cholesterol. Over the follow-up period, a total of 5400 cardiovascular (心血管的) ___46___ (event) occurred, including 1302 fatal and nonfatal strokes, 1, 897 incidents of fatal and nonfatal heart ___47___ (fail) and 113 other heart disease deaths. An additional 6132 participants died of other causes. ___48___ (consume) an additional 300 milligrams of dietary cholesterol per day was associated ___49___ a 3.2% higher risk of heart disease and a 4.4% higher risk of early death, Zhong’s analysis of the data showed.
“Eggs are a nutritious food. While this study focuses on the amount we’re eating, it’s just as important ___50___ (pay) attention to how the eggs are cooked and to the trimmings that come with them,” said Taylor, who was not involved in the research.
【答案】41. has been debated
42. fewer 43. specially
44. a 45. where
46. events 47. failure
48. Consuming
49. with 50. to pay
【解析】
这是一篇说明文。一项新的研究发现，与少吃鸡蛋的人相比，每周多吃三四个鸡蛋或每天摄入300毫克胆固醇的人患心脏病和早死的风险更高。
【41题详解】
考查动词时态。由for many years可知本句应用现在完成时，且主语it与谓语debate构成被动，且主语为单数，故填has been debated。
【42题详解】
考查形容词比较级。句意：一项新的研究发现，与少吃鸡蛋的人相比，每周多吃三四个鸡蛋或每天摄入300毫克胆固醇的人患心脏病和早死的风险更高。本句与上文的higher构成对应关系，故此处也需要形容词比较级，故填fewer。
【43题详解】
考查副词。句意：鸡蛋，尤其是蛋黄，是饮食中胆固醇的主要来源。此处表示“特别；尤其”应填specially。
【44题详解】
考查冠词。study作“研究”讲时为可数名词，此处泛指 “在一项研究中”应用不定冠词，故填a。
【45题详解】
考查定语从句连接词。本句为定语从句修饰先行词medical journal JAMA且先行词在从句中做地点状语，故填关系副词where。
【46题详解】
考查名词的数。event为可数名词，由5400修饰，故用复数形式events。
【47题详解】
考查名词。句意：1897起致命和非致命心衰事件以及113起其他心脏病死亡。此处表示“心脏衰竭”用名词形式，故填failure。
【48题详解】
考查非谓语动词。本句为动名词短语做主语，表示“每天多摄入300毫克的胆固醇”，故填Consuming。
【49题详解】
考查介词。固定短语be associated with“与……有关联”，故填介词with。
【50题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：同样重要的是要注意鸡蛋是如何煮熟的。本句已经存在谓语动词且句中没有连词，故pay只能做非谓语动词，表目的用不定式，故填to pay。

第四部分 写作（共两节，满分35分）
第一节 短文改错（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）
51.假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误,每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加：在缺词处加个漏字符号（∧）,并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除：把多余的词用斜线（ \ ）划掉。
修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意：1. 每处错误及其修改均限一词；
2. 只允许修改10处，多者（从11处起）不计分。
A chemical factory lies near my home. The manager of the factory was criticized by the government because the factory gives out lots of harmful smoke on every day, but he paid no attention. Then the factory was forced to stop production and the manager said angry, “Is there any evidences to show that we did harm to people’s health? In fact, we didn’t.” Just then, doctor came, with the result of the medical exam, say the manager was suffering from lung cancer. That is very clear that the pollution has harmed not only the people around the factory and also the manager himself. The manager regretted having caused so many pollution. Now he has realized what important it is to keep the air clean.
【答案】
【解析】
【分析】
这是一篇记叙文。记叙了作者家附近有污染的工厂每天排放大量有害的烟雾，受到了政府的批评，而经理却坚持认为没有证据表明工厂伤害了人们的健康。最终医生带着体检结果，告诉经理患了肺癌。很明显，污染不仅伤害了工厂周围的人，也伤害了经理本人。
【详解】1.考查动词时态。根据上文谓语动词was可知本句应用一般过去时，故gives改为gave。
2.考查介词。固定短语every day“每一天”为固定搭配，不需要介词，故去掉on。
3.考查副词。say为动词，需要副词形式修饰，故angry改为angrily。
4.考查名词的数。不定代词any后跟名词单数形式，故evidences改为evidence。
5.考查冠词。doctor为可数名词，此处表示泛指，“一位医生”，故doctor前添加不定冠词a。
6.考查非谓语动词。本句已经存在谓语动词且句中没有连词，故say只能做非谓语动词与逻辑主语构成主谓关系，故用现在分词saying。
7.考查固定用法。句型It is clear that…“显然；很清楚”需要it做形式主语，故That改为It。
8.考查连词。固定句型not only…but also…“不仅……而且……”故and改为but。
9.考查形容词。pollution为不可数名词，需要much修饰。故many改为much。
10.考查连接词。句意：现在他已经意识到保持空气清洁是多么重要。本句为感叹句，感叹important形容词应用连接词how。故what改为how。

第二节 书面表达（满分25分）
52.假定你是李华，你的朋友Tony刚刚升入高三，因为寒假时间短，没有休息好，所以现在状态很差。面临高考压力，Tony不知所措。请你给他写一封信表示安慰，要点如下：
1. 表示难过和理解；
2. 就如何调整状态提出建议。
注意：1. 词数100左右；
2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】Dear Tony,
I am sorry to hear that you fail to adapt yourself to Senior 3 for lack of rest in the past short vacation. Moreover, burdened with pressure from College Entrance Exam, you feel totally at a loss. I can really relate to how you feel and would like to offer some suggestions.
To begin with, try to relax and find some positive distractions. It is not a good idea to constantly remind yourself of not having enough rest. Instead, keep yourself occupied physically and mentally so that you don. have time to be downcast. What. more, it is of great significance to work out a plan and set small targets. As the saying goes, failing to plan is planning to fail. When you follow the plan strictly and make it a routine, you’ll achieve a sense of accomplishment day by day, which can guarantee your final success. Last but not least, a best friend and partner of the same grade really counts. It is advisable to turn to him or her and share your sufferings. I believe your friend will surely offer some helpful advice that can give you inspirations. Hopefully my suggestions could be of some help and I am convinced that you’ll find the way out.
Yours,
Li Hua
【解析】
【分析】
这是一篇应用文写作。
【详解】第1步：根据提示可知，本篇为一封邮件；你的朋友Tony刚刚升入高三，因为寒假时间短，没有休息好，所以现在状态很差。面临高考压力，Tony不知所措。请你给他写一封信表示安慰，要点如下：1. 表示难过和理解；2. 就如何调整状态提出建议。
第2步：根据写作要求，确定关键词（组），如：adapt yourself to（适应），lack of rest（缺乏休息），burdened with pressure（承担压力），College Entrance Exam （高考）；at a loss（茫然）；physically and mentally（生理和心理）等。
第3步：根据提示及关键词（组）进行遣词造句，注意主谓一致和时态问题。
第4步：连句成文，注意使用恰当的连词进行句子之间的衔接与过渡，书写一定要规范清晰，保持整洁美观的卷面是非常重要的。
本文内容完整，语言规范，语篇连贯，词数适当。另外全文中没有中国式英语的句式，显示了很高的驾驭英语的能力。
【点睛】范文内容完整，语言规范，语篇连贯，词数适当。作者在范文中使用了较多高级表达方式，如Instead, keep yourself occupied physically and mentally so that you don’t have time to be downcast. 运用so that结果状语从句。When you follow the plan strictly and make it a routine, you’ll achieve a sense of accomplishment day by day, which can guarantee your final success. when引导时间状语从句。全文中没有中国式英语的句式，显示了很高的驾驭英语的能力。另外，文章思路清晰、层次分明，上下句转换自然，为文章增色添彩。