2019届江苏省南京市金陵中学、海安高级中学、南京外国语学校高三第四次模拟考试英语试题（word版）

2019届江苏省南京市金陵中学、海安高级中学、南京外国语学校高三第四次模拟考试

英语试题

第一部分  听力 (共两节，满分20分)

第二部分  英语知识运用 (共两节，满分35分)

第一节:单项填空 (共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分)

请认真阅读下面各题, 从题中所给的A、B、C、D 四个选项中, 选出最佳选项, 并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。

21.Time is a precious ________ that is often taken for granted among the young people.

A. commodity B. commission C. component D. constitution

【答案】A

22.Linda ________ to her mother for so long that she figures out almost every gesture of her mother’s.

A. attended B. had attended C. would attend D. has attended

【答案】D

23.As to the “996 work schedule”, ______ employees work from 9 am to 9 pm, 6 days a week, People’s Daily commented that valuing hard work does not mean forcing employees to work overtime.

A. that B. which C. where D. when

【答案】C

24.To combat global warming, many people are _________ the use of alternative energy sources.

A. applying to B. jumping at C. dipping into D. pushing for

【答案】D

25.The flat is good value for money because not only did they sell it to me at a cheap price, but they threw in some old furniture _________.

A. at their command B. for good measure

C. beyond my reach D. beneath their dignity

【答案】B

26.A Chinese proverb has it that a tower is built when soil on earth _________, and a river is formed when streams come together.

A. accumulates B. accelerates C. collapses D. loosens

【答案】A

27.—I have been decorating the apartment recently, so can you lend me some money?

—Sorry, all my money has gone to the stock market. _________.

A. I’d rather not. B. I am in the black.

C. I wouldn’t bet on it. D. I am a little shy.

【答案】D

28.—What did you say you were reluctant to risk just now?

—_________ to high levels of radiation.

A. Being exposed B. Having been exposed

C. To be exposed D. Exposed

【答案】A

29.—Won’t she take another week off after such a surgery?

—No. Despite her recent operation she will carry on________.

A. somehow B. regardless C. otherwise D. instead

【答案】B

30.President Xi underlines that it is only with joint efforts to keep maritime peace ________ build a maritime community with a shared future for mankind.

A. can we B. we can C. that we can D. that can we

【答案】C

31._________ the requirement is set high, it is a blessing for Chinese students that Cambridge University uses scores on Gaokao as part of its admission criteria.

A. As B. While C. Once D. Where

【答案】B

32.Either side seems to have a(n) _________ position; there are still many uncertainties on this issue.

A. ambiguous B. delicate C. explicit D. confidential

【答案】A

33.Frankly, I still feel confused about _________ he could manage without access to the Internet for such a long time.

A. what B. why C. that D. how

【答案】D

34.—What do you think of the newly-released film Capernaum?

—It touched my heart deeply. But for your recommendation I _________ it.

A. had missed B. would miss C. would have missed D. must have missed

【答案】C

35.—Do you know Linda was fired for her casual attitude towards the job?

—No wonder she _________ when I tried to amuse her this morning.

A. was tickled pink B. pulled my leg

C. gave me the cold shoulder D. saw the handwriting on the wall

【答案】C

第二节 完形填空 (共20小题；每小题1分，满分20分)

请认真阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。

To this day, I remember my mum’s letters. It all ___36___ in December 1941. Every night she wrote to my brother Johnny, who had been ___37___ that summer. We had not heard from him since the Japanese attacked Pearl Harbor.

Mum claimed that there was a direct ___38___ from the brain to the written word that was just as strong as the light God has granted us. She trusted that this light would ___39___ Johnny. I don’t know if she said that to ___40___ her mind or all of ours. But I do know that it helped us ___41___ together, and one day a letter from Jonny really did arrive. Johnny was alive on an island.

I had always been amused by the fact that mum ___42___ her letters, “Cecilia Capuzzi”, and I ___43___ her about why she didn’t just write “Mum”. I hadn’t been aware that she ___44___ thought of herself as Cecilia Capuzzi. Not as Mum. I began seeing her in a new light, this small ___45___ yet strong woman. We often sat recalling the days when our family was filled with laughter of four boys. They had all moved away from home to work, enrolled in the ___46___, or got married. All except me. Around next spring mum had got two more sons to ___47___. Little by little, the rumour about mum’s letters ___48___. One day a small woman knocked at our door. She opened her bag and ___49___ a pile of airmail letters, begging mum to read them from her son who was a soldier in Europe. Mum read the letters one by one. The woman’s eyes ___50___ with tears. A few days later the woman returned with a friend, then another one and yet another one—they all needed letters. Mum had become the ___51___ in our town.

“All people in this world are here with one particular ___52___,” Mum said. “___53___, mine is to write letters.” She tried to explain why it ___54___ her so much. “A letter___55___ people like nothing else. It can make them cry, it can make them laugh and it makes the world seem very small. My dear, a letter is life itself!”

36. A. gathered B. disappeared C. started D. happened

37. A. called B. drafted C. arrested D. trained

38. A. link B. signal C. route D. result

39. A. warm B. guide C. tell D. find

40. A. focus B. calm C. broaden D. strengthen

41. A. swing B. struggle C. stick D. settle

42. A. began B. answered C. signed D. sealed

43. A. teased B. persuaded C. reminded D. informed

44. A. never B. seldom C. ever D. always

45. A. liberal B. delicate C. reliable D. uneducated

46. A. university B. service C. course D. army

47. A. cater to B. relate to C. write to D. subscribe to

48. A. circulated B. arose C. faded D. ceased

49. A. set out B. pulled out C. put out D. turned out

50. A. sprang up B. welled up C. looked up D. turned up

51. A. writer B. editor C. assistant D. correspondent

52. A. order B. ambition C. letter D. purpose

53. A. Apparently B. Gradually C. Initially D. Eventually

54. A. pushed B. challenged C. absorbed D. relaxed

55. A. unites B. draws C. cheers D. associates

【答案】36. C    37. B    38. A    39. D    40. B    41. C    42. C    43. A    44. D    45. B    46. D    47. C    48. A    49. B    50. B    51. D    52. D    53. A    54. C    55. A

第三部分 阅读理解 (共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分)

请认真阅读下列短文, 从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D 四个选项中, 选出最佳选项, 并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。

A

“Facts” That Are False

56. Which of the following statements is TRUE according to the passage?

A. As other bigger bills are out of print, the $100 bill is still the biggest one.

B. Antarctica with very little rainfall is considered as the largest desert.

C. Horseradish can be substituted with wasabi for the similar taste and color.

D. An ostrich often uses its head as a weapon to fight against its enemy.

57. Which of the following is the best fit for the blank?

A. Ostriches can breathe in the sand.

B. Ostriches have very smart brains.

C. Ostriches bury their heads in the sand.

D. The ostrich’s head is the lightest in the world.

【答案】56. B    57. C

B

“Be afraid. Be very afraid,” says a character in The Fly, a horror film about a man who turns into an enormous insect. It captures the unease and disgust people often feel for the kingdom of cockroaches, Zika-carrying mosquitoes and creepy crawlies of all kinds. However, ecologists increasingly see the insect world as something to be frightened for, not frightened of. In the past two years, scores of scientific studies have suggested that trillions of murmuring, droning, honeybees, butterflies and beetles are dying off. “If all mankind were to disappear”, wrote E.O.Wilson, a respectable entomologist, “the world would regenerate… If insects were to vanish, the environment would collapse into chaos.”

Most of the studies describe declines of 50% and more over decades in different measures of insect health. The immediate reaction is shock. Insects enable plants to reproduce, through pollination (授粉), and are food for other animals, so a collapse in their numbers would be catastrophic.

But a second look leads to a different assessment. Rather than causing a panic, the studies should act as a timely warning and a reason to take precautions. That is because the worst fears are unproven. There are no studies at all of wild insect numbers in most of the world. Reliable data are too scarce to declare a global emergency.

Moreover, where the evidence does show a collapse—in Europe and America—agricultural and rural ecosystems are holding up. Farm production still remains high. As some insect species die out, others seem to be moving into the niches (生态位) they have left, keeping ecosystems going, although with less biodiversity than before. It is hard to argue that insect decline is yet causing significant economic damage.

But there are complications. Agricultural productivity is not the only measure of environmental health. Animals have value, independent of any direct economic contribution they may make. The more species make up an ecosystem, the more stable it is likely to be. The extinction of a few insect species among so many might not make a big difference. The loss of hundreds of thousands would.

And the scale of the observed decline raises doubts about how long ecosystems can remain resilient (能复原的). An experiment in which researchers gradually pulled out insect pollinators from fields found that plant diversity held up well until about 90% of insects had been removed. Then it collapsed. Given the lack of data, it is impossible to know how close Europe and America are to an ecosystem collapse. But it would be reckless to find out by actually triggering one.

58. What does the underlined sentence in the first paragraph imply?

A. Ecologists have long been afraid of those disgusting insects.

B. Ecologists are worried about the disappearance of some insects

C. Ecologists have already got rid of the prejudiced feeling about insects.

D. Ecologists are respectful of the insect’s ability to regenerate themselves.

59. What conclusion can we draw from the studies conducted in the past 2 years?

A. Though there is a decline in the number of insects, we still have the reason to be optimistic.

B. Biodiversity can cause immediate damage so that we should take precautions right away.

C. Data collected from all over the world is convincing to prove our environment is at risk.

D. The consequence of decreasing biodiversity may be more serious than we can imagine.

60. What is the purpose of writing the passage?

A. To show the magical power of our mother nature.

B. To analyze why insects are on the edge of extinction.

C. To draw people’s attention to the decreasing insects.

D. To urge the scientists to collect more data about insects.

【答案】58. B    59. D    60. C

C

The advent of warm weather here in Maine calls for a seasonal ritual that, for me, puts an end to winter—fetching the wooden screen door.

Note that I wrote “wooden”. The aluminum models just won’t do it—they close too neatly and keep their perfect form for decades. In the 1960s, a time of imperfection, there was no perfect house, no perfect car, no perfect kids or parents. Why should a screen door be an exception?

I grew up with my siblings in a working-class neighborhood in New Jersey. When the warm weather arrived, my dad would pull out the wooden screen door and install it over the back door, which could then be left wide open, admitting a refreshing breeze (we had no air conditioning).

My father was a Mr. Fix-it, so keeping the screen door serviceable was one of his hobbies. Every few years he gave it a fresh coat of paint and fixed it a bit. I distinctly remember him putting the last screw in the last hinge (铰链), and swinging the door shut with a “crack!”

A good, wooden screen door, unsightly as it was, had an invaluable function in the age of the stay-at-home mom: It alerted her to the coming and going of the kids. My siblings, and my friends ran in and out of the house, tearing the screen door open and letting it slap shut behind us. A hundred times a day. It was all good, and my mom never complained about the noise, because that was the purpose of a wooden screen door—to slam shut and thereby announce that her children were within earshot.

Several years ago, in a fit of nostalgia (怀旧), I went shopping for a wooden screen door. I was disappointed in the choices available. They looked a bit too solid, too well made. But I found one online, and within a week it was delivered to my doorstep.

The firm had sent me one with the wrong dimensions, so I asked my carpenter to make the necessary adjustments. Ozzie worked away at it for a couple of hours until he got it to sit neatly in its frame. I gave it a test: I pulled it open and let go. It closed in a lazy fashion. “Not good,” I pronounced. “Please remove the automatic door closer and adjust the door so it swings shut with a good crack.”

Ozzie went about his work and a short while later the task was done. The door was uneven in its frame, and the screen no longer lay flat. But when I pulled open the door and released it, the thing clapped shut like a rifle shot. “What do you think?” I asked. “It looks like hell,” said Ozzie. “But it sounds like heaven,” I said. And I, being the owner of the door—and the memory—had the final word.

61. What particular function did the wooden screen door perform in the writer’s childhood?

A. It functioned as an air conditioner in summer.

B. It helped sharpen his father’s repairing skills.

C. It was more like a toy that kids often played with.

D. It made Mom aware that the kids were close by.

62. The reason why the writer asked the carpenter to continue to adjust the door is that ________.

A. the door was not the right size for the frame

B. the door was poorly made that it didn’t suit him

C. he wanted to see how the door was supposed to shut

D. he was determined to seize the ownership of the door

63. What does the wooden screen door mean to the writer now?

A. It is a reminder of the imperfect things.

B. It is a symbol of his memory of summer.

C. It is a contributor to the better life he leads.

D. It is an antique worth cherishing in the museum.

64. What is the best title for the passage?

A. The good old days are gone

B. Never judge a door by its appearance

C. Summer announces itself with a crack

D. Every single imperfection adds to beauty

【答案】61. D    62. C    63. B    64. C

D

“What is civilization?” asked Kenneth Clark 50 years ago in the BBC series on the subject. “I don’t know, and I can’t define it in abstract terms, yet. But I think I can recognise it when I see it, and I’m looking at it now.” And he turned to gesture behind him, at the soaring Gothic towers and flying buttresses of Notre Dame.

It seems inhuman to care more about a building than about people. That the sight of Notre Dame going up in flame has attracted so much more attention than floods in southern Africa which killed over 1000 arouses understandable feelings of guilt. Yet the widespread, intense grief at the sight of the cathedral’s collapsing steeple (尖塔) is in fact profoundly human—and in a particularly 21st-century way.

It is not just the economy that is global today, it is culture too. People wander the world in search not just of jobs and security but also of beauty and history. A building on whose sunny steps you have rested, in front of which you have taken a selfie with your loved one, becomes a warm part of your memories and thus of yourself. That helps explain why China is in mourning—WeChat, young China’s principal means of talking to itself, has been throbbing with the story, and XiJinping, the country’s president, sent a message of condolence (慰问) to Emmanuel Macron, his French counterpart—while India was largely indifferent. Tourism from India to the West is a stream compared with the flood from China.

This visual age has blessed beauty with new power, and social media have turned great works of art into superstars. Only a few, though, have achieved this status. Just as there is only ever a handful of world-famous actors, so the number of globally recognisable cultural symbols is tiny: the Mona Lisa, Michelangelo’s David, the Taj Mahal, the Great Pyramid—and Notre Dame. Disaster, too, is visual. In the 24 hours after the fire started videos on social media of the burning cathedral were viewed nearly a quarter of a billion times.

Yet the emotions the sight aroused were less about the building itself than about what losing it might mean. Notre Dame is an expression of humanity at its collective best. Nobody could look up into that vaulted ceiling without wondering at the genius of the thousands of anonymous craftsmen who, over a century and a half, realised a vision so grand in its structural ambition and so delicate in its hand-chiselled detail. Its survival through 850 years of political turbulence—through war, revolution and Nazi occupation—binds the present to the past.

The fire also binds people to each other. The outpouring of emotion it has brought forth is proof that, despite the dark forces of division now abroad, we are all in it together. When nationalism is a rising threat, shared sadness makes borders suddenly irrelevant. When politics is polarised, a love of culture has the power to unite. When extremism divides Muslim from Christian and religious people from atheists, those of all faiths and none are mourning together. An edifice (宏伟建筑) built for the glory of God also represents the unity of the human spirit.

And it will be rebuilt. The morning after the fire, the many Parisians who went to the cathedral to mourn its destruction found comfort instead. Although the spire is gone, the towers are still standing and it seems likely that the whole building can be revived. The effort to rebuild it, like the fire, will bring people together. Within 24 hours,￡6000m ($677m) had been raised from businesses and rich people, and a lot of crowdfunding campaigns started. A high-resolution laser scan of the building, carried out recently, should help.

It will never be the same, but that is as it should be. As Victor Hugo wrote in “The Hunchback of Notre Dame”, a three-volume love-letter to the cathedral: “Great edifices, like great mountains, are the work of centuries. Art is often transformed as it is being madeTime is the architect, the nation is the builder.”

65. What do the first two paragraphs imply?

A. We should feel guilty about ignoring the floods in southern Africa.

B. People in modern times tend to care a lot about history and civilization.

C. The destruction of a historic building is more serious than the loss of life.

D. The human civilization is gone with the burning of Notre Dame Cathedral.

66. Which of the following can explain why China and India respond differently to the cathedral on fire?

A. Familiarity produces affection.

B. A friend in need is a friend indeed.

C. Absence makes the heart grow fonder.

D. Beauty is in the eye of the beholder.

67. The cultural symbols in the fourth paragraph are mentioned to prove that ________.

A. news has wings in the age of social media nowadays

B. only a few cultural symbols can become world-famous

C. disasters become more powerful with some visual effect

D. cultural symbols have taken on new meanings in the visual age

68. When the cathedral was on fire, people felt most painful about ________.

A. the destruction of its artistic and time-honored ceiling

B. the fading of its structure with carefully made details

C. the loss of the link between the past and the present

D. the death of the unknown craftsmen who created it

69. Which of the following about what happened after the fire is TRUE according to the passage?

A. Technological support is more important than anything else in the rescue work.

B. The fire has united everyone in the world to focus on the restoration of the cathedral.

C. Donations were made overnight, most of which were from the rich businesses and people.

D. Influenced by the disaster, people with different beliefs have abandoned their prejudices.

70. Victor Hugo’s words are quoted in the last paragraph to prove that ________.

A. Notre Dame like any other art should be transformed

B. time heals everything and we will soon forget the sorrow

C. the rebuilt Notre Dame will not enjoy the same reputation

D. time constantly gives Notre Dame new meaning and value

【答案】65. B    66. A    67. A    68. C    69. B    70. D

第四部分 任务型阅读 (共10小题，每小题1分，满分10分)

请认真阅读下列短文，并根据所读内容在文章后表格中的空格里填入一个最恰当的单词。注意: 请将答案写在答题卡上相应题号的横线上。每个空格只填一个单词。

Waiting in line is a pest of modern society. According to David Andrews’s book, Why Does the Other Line Always Move Faster?, it wasn’t common until the Industrial Revolution synchronized (同步) workers’ schedules, causing lines that run out of lunch hours and evenings. Given that Americans are estimated to collectively waste tens of billions of hours a year in lines, it’s no wonder that some people try to cut, and others bitterly resent them. Yet jumping the queue without inviting violence is possible. Below are some tips, courtesy of social science.

First, pick the right queue. It’s virtually impossible to cut in line for a once-in-a-lifetime event—the Cubs playing the World Series, say. But in a repeating situation like a security line, people are more likely to let you in, perhaps because they anticipate needing a similar favor someday. Using game theory to determine what conditions would make line-cutting socially permissible, researchers found that people queuing just once display little tolerance for line-cutting. But when the queue repeats, people let in intruders who claim an urgent need or who require minimal service time.

An excuse for cutting helps, but it needn’t be bulletproof. In one much-cited study, experimenters tried to jump photocopier queues using one of three explanations. A small, polite request without justification—“Excuse me, I have five pages. May I use the Xerox machine?”— enabled them to cut 60 percent of the time. Adding that they were rushed allowed them to cut 94 percent of the time. And “May I use the Xerox machine, because I need to make copies?” was almost as effective, despite its lame offer.

Bribing(贿赂) can also work, and it may not even cost you. In one study, queuers were offered cash by an undercover researcher if they’d let the researcher cut. A majority agreed, but oddly, most of them then refused the cash. They appreciated the offer not out of greed, but because it proved the intruder’s desperation.

Keep in mind that tolerance for line-cutting varies across cultures. One survey of foreigners living in Spain revealed many differences in queuing rules. An Irish respondent said indignantly, “They say ‘I just want to ask a quick question’ and go right up to the counter … I’m ready to explode.” A German subject angrily described a fellow supermarket shopper: “A woman walked right in front of me and put her things on the counter. She says ‘No [it’s] okay, we’re together, pointing to the other woman who had just finished paying … It seems that in Spain that’s allowed. Incredible.”

Back in America, the worst sin of line-cutting is pretending you’re not doing it. Like members of any community, queuers want their customs observed. We’d all escape line-waiting if we could, but that way chaos lies. So if you must cut, just ask—nicely. Doing so strengthens the social contract, and it works.

【答案】71. popularity/currency   

72. understandable/acceptable   

73. shoes/position/situation   

74. tolerated   

75. hurry/rush/emergency   

76. desperation/despair   

77. Cultural   

78. angry    79. differently/otherwise   

80. object

第五部分 书面表达(满分25分)

81.请阅读下面图表及文字, 并按照要求用英语写一篇 150 词左右的文章。

Gangjing (杠精), also generally called Mr. Right, refers to a group of people who tend to take a contrary position or attitude toward almost everything in their lives, especially online. They take great pleasure in arguing with others and they are considered good at being unreasonable in a seemingly reasonable way. While they believe that they are superior and whatever they do is in line with the so-called critical thinking, they are actually making others discouraged, upset or embarrassed.

Conversation One

A:What a lovely trip. Pandas are so cute!

Mr. Right: So cute? Well, are you trying to show that you are lovely too?

Conversation Two

A: Alas, after several attempts, I finally made it. Driving test nightmare, Farewell.

Mr. Right: Unlike you, I passed it with one go.

Conversation Three

A: Online learning is a double-edged sword.

Mr. Right: All swords are double-edged. Do you prefer single-edged knives?

【写作内容】

1. 用约30个词概括上述现象；

2. 谈谈你是否赞成“杠精”现象，请用2-3个理由或论据简述你的想法；

3. 如果你遇到类似“杠精”的人，你将如何应对。

【写作要求】

1. 写作过程中不能直接引用原文语句。

2. 作文中不能出现真实姓名和学校名称。

3. 不必写标题。

【评分标准】

内容完整，语言规范，语篇连贯，词数适当。

________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

【答案】For the sake of fulfilling or unburdening themselves, Gangjing are prone to hurt others online by indulging themselves in the critical thinking unreasonably, such as absurd comparisons and irrelevant associations. (30 words)

These people, in my eyes, are no more than clowns dying to play to the gallery with every trick in the book, while what we need are those skilled at comforting and embracing us with their sincerity and wisdom. Also, it is not so much the real life as the virtual platform that probably witnesses the heavier toll in continual attacks launched by Mr Rights, leaving the ideal place for exchanging ideas an online nightmare haunted with spirits desperate to pour out their negative feelings.

第三段版本一

有类似杠精的特点:

Aware of what it means to be a Mr Right, I will keep a lookout for others’ emotional changes in conversations, even if they are my best friends, for winning a game of finding fault in others is not everything I want.

第三段版本二

若遇到杠精时的应对方案:

Should a Mr Right fall upon me, the best way possible, I suppose, is to stay cool and pay less or no attention to him, as it is of no use to lose temper or be involved with a war-maniac on the keyboard.