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2019届上海市崇明区高三第二次模拟考试英语试题（解析版）
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崇明区2019届第二次高考模拟考试试卷
英 语
(考试时间120分钟，满分140分。请将答案填写在答题纸上)
I. Listening Comprehension
Section A
Directions: In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.
1.
A. A pilot. B. An airhost. C. A passenger. D. A taxi driver.
【答案】D
【解析】
【分析】
M: Madam, where do you want to go?
W: Could you drop me off at the airport?
Q: What is most probably the man’s occupation?
【详解】此为听力题，解析略。
2.
A. In a bank. B. In a hotel. C. In a clinic. D. In a university.
【答案】C
【解析】
【分析】
W: Please register your information here and pay for it. And I’ll make a medical record for you.
M: OK. How much do I need to pay for the registration?
Q: Where does the conversation most probably take place?
【详解】此为听力题，解析略。
3.
A. Order for the man. B. Recalculate the bill.
C. Refuse to pay the bill. D. Give the man a discount.
【答案】B
【解析】
【分析】
M: Sixty-eight dollars? The bill can’t be right! I only had a coffee and a salad for dinner.
W: Sorry. Let me have a check.
Q: What will the woman probably do next?
【详解】此为听力题，解析略。
4.
A. He forgot about the football game. B. He can’t endure the loud noise from the game.
C. He thought the game was disappointing. D. He doesn’t think football games make any sense.
【答案】B
【解析】
【分析】
W: Why didn’t you go to the football final last weekend? You missed a great game.
M: Oh, you know how sensitive I am to loud noise.
Q: Why did the man miss the football game?
【详解】此为听力题，解析略。
5.
A. She’d like the man to touch the report for her.
B. She’s already finished her report on the movie.
C. She’ll be unable to see the movie with the man.
D. She prefers a different type of movie to a comedy.
【答案】C
【解析】
【分析】
M: How about a movie tonight? That new comedy is on these days.
W: Sounds great. But I’ve got to put the finishing touches on my report.
Q: What does the woman mean?
【详解】此为听力题，解析略。
6.
A. He’s got an extra train schedule. B. He’s going to Philadelphia by train.
C. He’s already missed his train. D. He’s familiar with the train station.
【答案】D
【解析】
【分析】
W: Excuse me, but do you know when the next train for Philadelphia leaves?
M: Sorry, I don’t know. But there are schedules beside the ticket window.
Q: What can be inferred about the man?
【详解】此为听力题，解析略。
7.此处有音频，请去附件查看】
A. He’s satisfied with his job. B. He’s got trouble finding a job.
C. He likes working in hot summer. D. He gets more pay than expected.
【答案】A
【解析】
【分析】
W: Tom, I hear you are working as a house painter this summer. It’s got to be awfully hot working up there on a ladder in the sun all day.
M: Wellit’s hard work, but I’ve got used to working outdoors and the pay is decent.
Q: What does the man mean.
【详解】此为听力题，解析略。
8.
A. The man and the woman did the research together.
B. The woman didn’t work hard enough on her paper.
C. The professor was content with the woman’s paper.
D. The paper wasn’t as good as the woman had thought.
【答案】D
【解析】
【分析】
M: What sort of grade did you get on your research paper? I know how hard you worked on it.
W: Yeah, I was hoping for something really good. But the professor said I didn’t give enough supporting details.
Q: What can be inferred from the conversation?
【详解】此为听力题，解析略。
9.
A. She’ll consider the man’s invitation. B. She doesn’t want to join a gardening club.
C. She doesn’t have time to work in a garden. D. She’s never been formally invited into a club.
【答案】B
【解析】
【分析】
M: I’ve noticed that you spend a lot of time tending to your garden. Do you think you might like to join our gardening club?
W: Oh, thanks for your invitation. But this is how I relax. I’d rather not make it something formal.
Q: What does the woman mean?
【详解】此为听力题，解析略。
10.
A. He won’t vote for the woman.
B. He may also run for class president.
C. The woman shouldn’t have asked him for his vote.
D. The woman should ask his roommate to vote for her.
【答案】A
【解析】
【分析】
W: James I decided to run for class president and I’m wondering if I can rely on your vote?
M: Oh, maybe if you had asked me sooner. But my roommate is running, too, and I’ve already promised him he will have my support.
Q: What does the man mean?
【详解】此为听力题，解析略。
Section B
Directions: In Section B, you will hear two short passages and one longer conversation, and you will be asked several questions on each of them. The passages and the conversation will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.
Questions are based on the following passage.
11.
A. Crows are particularly clever birds. B. Crows have been trained to work for a park.
C. Crows are popular with theme parks. D. Crows have long been seen as symbols of evil.
12.
A. Collecting garbage. B. Giving gifts to visitors.
C. Using various tools. D. Remembering visitors’ faces.
13.
A. To show visitors can be more careful to keep the park clean.
B. To train more crows to clear up the park in a more rapid way.
C. To communicate with crows and establish a relationship with them.
D. To indicate humans can learn from nature to protect the environment.
【答案】11. B 12. A 13. D
【解析】
When a crow, a kind of black bird, puts a cigarette end or a piece of rubbish in a box, a small amount of tasty food is given as a reward. Some crows are already in service and others will begin soon.
Crows have long been seen as symbols of evil and are often considered to be bad birds. A French park, however, has trained the birds to work for it.
Six crows have been taught to fly around to check the popular historical theme park. In the park, they collect cigarette ends and other rubbish.
These birds are considered “particularly intelligent” members of the crow family and are also quick workers. They are able to fill a bucket with rubbish in less than 45 minutes.
Other birds in the crow family are also very clever. In the wild, crows use tools. They can also remember faces. When fed by a human, they will give gifts in return.
“They like to communicate with humans and establish a relationship through play,” Mr. Villiers, manager of the park, said. “The goal of the project is not just to clear up—because visitors are generally careful to keep things clean—but also to show that nature itself can teach us to take care of the environment.”
Questions:
What does the passage mainly want to tell us?
What is the crows’ job in the French theme park?
What is one of the goals of the project?
【11题详解】
此为听力题，解析略。
【12题详解】
此为听力题，解析略。
【13题详解】
此为听力题，解析略。
Questions are based on the following passage.
14. A. To save space. B. To reach for the sky. C. To attract tourists. D. To be seen miles away.
15.
A. They fail to inspire the culture. B. They threaten the city’s development.
C. They have rather odd nicknames. D. They make old landmarks hard to see.
16.
A. Skyscrapers are usually ugly. B. The Shard is the world’s tallest building.
C. London’s upward expansion is continuing. D. London’s replaced office blocks with high-rises.
【答案】14. A 15. D 16. C
【解析】
When you’re walking around a city, how often do you look up and admire the view? Many of us are in too much of a rush to appreciate the architecture all around us.
Cities are always growing, and when space is limited, they expand upwards—reaching for the sky. The skylines of many modern cities are full of skyscrapers: landmarks that can be seen for miles around. These landmarks are often must-see sights for tourists.
New York has its Empire State Building and the gorgeous skyscrapers of Manhattan. Dubai has the world’s tallest tower, which stands at 828 meters; and Shanghai has the world’s second tallest tower with the completion of the Shanghai Tower.
London hasn’t always been associated with the race for upward expansion, but since the opening of Canary Wharf tower in the city’s Docklands area, the development of high-rise buildings has been unstoppable. Now London boasts new skyscrapers with odd nicknames that reflect the shapes of the buildings. Standing tall among them is the Shard—and at 309 meters it’s Europe’s tallest building. But they are not loved by everyone. While some prefer them to uninspiring rows of office blocks, others say they block the view of old-fashioned landmarks and that they threaten London’s cultural identity. Some say they’re just ugly! A group of Londoners are now campaigning to stop certain high-rise developments.
Questions:
Why are cities expanding upwards?
Which of the following is a reason some people give for disliking the high-rises in London?
What can be learned from the passage?
【14题详解】
此为听力题，解析略。
【15题详解】
此为听力题，解析略。
【16题详解】
此为听力题，解析略。
Questions are based on the following passage.
17.
A. The expansion of the cafeteria. B. The cost of meals in the cafeteria.
C. The food served in the cafeteria. D. The job opportunities in the cafeteria.
18.
A. Cooking food for the students. B. Serving food for the students.
C. Improving meals’ nutritional value. D. Listening to complaints about service.
19.
A. To give nutrition lessons to students.
B. To collect students’ opinions about meals.
C. To find more students to work in the cafeteria.
D. To ask students to try a new dish she has made.
20.
A. A little curious. B. Very amazed.
C. Quite confused. D. A bit doubtful.
【答案】17. C 18. B 19. B 20. A
【解析】
W: Hi, Rob. Do you mind if I eat lunch with you?
M: No, Mrs. Evans, not at all.
W: Thanks. I’ve just heard you study nutrition and you’ve got quite a lot of experience working in the cafeteria. So, I wonder if you are interested in a small project we are doing this term.
M: What is the project about?
W: More and more students prefer not to buy meals here and we want to attract them back. I want to know what the students would like to eat. Your job will be finding this out. Of course I’d also like to hear any of your ideas.
M: Well, if the menus were changed, maybe I wouldn’t have to listen to so much criticism this term. You know everyone in the nutrition class sees me when I serve food here. So they always complain to me about the food here.
W: That makes you perfect for the project. Would you be interested?
M: I’m not sure. What sort of changes are you thinking of?
W: We’d like to make some changes in the way we prepare the food and we want to give students more choices. Do you think that will appeal to the students?
M: Well, you’re right. You’d better find out what they think. Oh, sorry, I’ve got to go back to work now. I’ll drop in at your office later.
W: Ok, see you then.
Questions:
What are the two speakers mainly discussing?
What is the man’s current job in the cafeteria?
What does the woman want the man to do?
How does the man feel about the woman’s project?
【17题详解】
此为听力题，解析略。
【18题详解】
此为听力题，解析略。
【19题详解】
此为听力题，解析略。
【20题详解】
此为听力题，解析略。
II. Grammar and Vocabulary
Section A
Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.
New “Star Wars” Attractions Set to Open at Disney Theme Parks in 2019
The galaxy (银河系) that seems so far, far away just got a little closer.
On Tuesday, Disney announced “Star Wars: Galaxy’s Edge”, a highly ___21___ (expect) themed land under construction, would open in summer 2019 at California’s Disneyland and in late fall 2019 at Florida’s Disney World.
___22___ the announcement was made, officials had only said the new land would open soon.
No specific date ___23___ (announce) for the Disneyland opening. But if past summer openings are any indication, “Galaxy’s Edge” is expected to open in late June.
The additions will be Disney’s ___24___ (big) “single-themed land expansion” ever, according to Disney CEO Bob Iger. Each will be an expansive 14 acres (英亩). A copy of the Millennium Falcon spaceship, ___25___ guests will be able to pilot, will be a key attraction.
Galaxy’s Edge will immerse (使沉浸于) visitors in the Star Wars universe, ___26___ (transport) them to a never-before-seen Star Wars planet—a remote trading port largely ignored by warring people and one of the last stops before wild space. This planet is ___27___ Star Wars characters and their stories will come to life. It will feature two major attractions: ___28___ allowing guests to pilot the Millennium Falcon and the other dropping riders into the middle of a battle. The most advanced video techniques are expected to power each attraction.
Even as Galaxy’s Edge ___29___ (approach), Disneyland is making changes, both large and small, in advance. Recent projects have shifted queues for “Dumbo the Flying Elephant” and “It’s a Small World”. These are the efforts to improve traffic flows near the attractions. Similar changes have been made in Adventureland ___30___ (ease) congestion points. Work has started on a new luxury resort in Downtown Disney. Officials have closed Rainforest Café, ESPN Zone and AMC Theaters to make room.
【答案】21. expected
22. Until/Before
23. was announced
24. biggest
25. which 26. transporting
27. where 28. one
29. approaches/is approaching
30. to ease
【解析】
这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了迪士尼在周二宣布了备受期待的主题乐园《星球大战:银河边缘》将于2019年夏季在加州迪士尼乐园开放，并将于2019年秋季末在佛罗里达州迪士尼世界开放。
【21题详解】
考查形容词。句意：一座备受期待的主题乐园正在建设中。根据下文land为名词，此处需要形容词修饰，故填expected。
【22题详解】
考查连词。句意：在宣布这一消息之前，官方人员只是说这块新土地很快就会开放。此处指上文land under construction, would open in summer 2019 at California’s Disneyland and in late fall 2019 at Florida’s Disney World这一消息发布之前。故填Before或Until。
【23题详解】
考查被动语态。句意：迪士尼乐园的具体开放日期尚未公布。本句announce做谓语动词，与主语specific date构成被动语态，且动作发生在过去用一般过去时，故填was announced。
【24题详解】
考查形容词最高级。根据下文ever可知，本句应用形容词最高级，表示“有史以来最大的”，故填biggest。
【25题详解】
考查定语从句关系代词。句意：游客们将能够驾驶千年隼号宇宙飞船的复制品，这将是一个重要的吸引力。本句为非限定性定语从句修饰先行词a copy，先行词在从句中做宾语，指物，故用关系代词which。
【26题详解】
考查非谓语动词。本句已经存在谓语且句中没有连词，故transport只能做非谓语动词，且与逻辑主语构成主谓关系，故用现在分词transporting。
【27题详解】
考查表语从句连接词。句意：这颗星球是《星球大战》人物和他们的故事将会成真的地方。本句为表语从句，且从句中缺少地点状语，故填where。
【28题详解】
考查数词。句意：它将以两个主要景点为特色:一个允许游客驾驶千年隼，另一个让乘客在战斗中降落。根据上下文可知，此处表示泛指“一个”景点，故填one。
【29题详解】
考查动词时态。句意：就在Galaxy’s Edge即将到来之际，迪士尼乐园也在提前做出大大小小的改变。此处可用现在进行时表将来，主语为单数，故填is approaching；或一般现在时表客观事实，主语为单数，填approaches。
【30题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：类似的变化也发生在探险世界，以缓解拥堵点。本句已经存在谓语且句中没有连词，故ease只能做非谓语，表目的用不定式，故填to ease。
Section B
Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in each blank with a proper word given in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need.
Titanic II Could Sail as Soon as 2022
If you thought the long-delayed project to launch a full-size copy of the ill-fated Royal Mail Ship Titanic was sunk in the water—think again. Just like Celine Dion sang back in 1997, the travel project will “go on and on.”
Australian businessman and politician Clive Palmer, who is behind the ___31___, announced in September that work on the ship had started again. The idea was first floated in 2012. It is said that the new ship will be a(n) ___32___ copy of the infamous ship, which sank in 1912 following a crash with an iceberg (冰山).
To avoid a(n) ___33___ disaster, Titanic II will apparently be equipped with plenty of life boats, modern navigation (导航) and radar equipment. The first voyage, however, will take passengers from Dubai to New York, reports CruiseArabia, with the first sailing ___34___ to take place in 2022. Blue Star Line says the nine-decked ship will be home to 835 cabins, and 2,435 passengers will be ___35___. You’ll be able to buy first-, second- and third-class tickets—just like in the original.
Meanwhile tourists with plenty of money might soon have the chance to dive to the ___36___ of the original Titanic. American company OceanGate has planned diving trips for 2019, costing $105,129 per person.
Of course, the original Titanic voyage ended in ___37___, with over 1,500 people losing their lives. For many, voyages to the original ship are in bad taste. Steve Sims, founder of The Bluefish, said earlier in 2018 that he doesn’t see diving to the original one as ___38___.
Realistically, it’s ___39___ whether Titanic II will ever see the light of day—or whether the diving tours will happen soon. But one thing is for certain, more than 100 years after the Titanic’s first and only voyage, global interest in this ship shows no ___40___ of slowing down.
【答案】31. F 32. E
33. H 34. C
35. J 36. B
37. G 38. D
39. K 40. A
【解析】
这是一篇说明文。主要说明了澳大利亚商人兼政治家Clive Palmer提议打造泰坦尼克号全尺寸复制品，并计划在2022年进行第一次航行的事情。
【31题详解】
句意：澳大利亚商人兼政治家Clive Palmer是这一倡议的发起者，他在9月份宣布，这艘船的建造工作已经重新开始。此处指代上文中提到的“泰坦尼克号全尺寸复制品下水计划”这一“提议”，故选F。
【32题详解】
句意：据说这艘新船将与1912年因冰山撞击而沉没的那艘臭名昭著的船一模一样。根据第一段第一句a full-size copy of the ill-fated Royal Mail Ship Titanic可知这首新船是泰坦尼克号的全尺寸复制品，和它一模一样，故选E。
【33题详解】
句意：为了避免灾难重演，泰坦尼克2号显然将配备大量的救生艇、现代导航和雷达设备。根据下文be equipped with plenty of life boats, modern navigation (导航) and radar equipment可知是为了避免灾难“重演”，故选H。
【34题详解】
句意：然而，据Cruise Arabia报道，第一次航行将把乘客从迪拜带到纽约，第一次航行计划在2022年进行。schedule表示“安排；计划”故选C。
【35题详解】
句意：蓝星航空表示，这艘九层甲板的游轮将容纳835个客舱，2435名乘客。accommodate表示“容纳”，故选J。
【36题详解】
句意：与此同时，有钱的游客可能很快就有机会潜入泰坦尼克号的残骸中。泰坦尼克号已经沉没了，故游客只能潜入到它的“残骸”中，故选B。
【37题详解】
句意：当然，泰坦尼克号最初的航行以悲剧告终，超过1500人丧生。根据下文over 1,500 people losing their lives可知此处填名词tragedy，“悲剧；惨案”。故选G。
【38题详解】
句意：The Bluefish的创始人Steve Sims曾在2018年早些时候表示，他不认为潜水到最初的那个位置是不合适的。根据句意，需要填形容词inappropriate“不合适的”，故选D。
【39题详解】
句意：现实地说，目前还不清楚泰坦尼克2号是否会重见天日，潜水之旅是否会很快开始。根据下文whether…or…可知这两件事情还仍“不清楚”，故选K。
【40题详解】
句意：但有一件事是肯定的，在泰坦尼克号首次也是唯一一次航行100多年后，全球对这艘船的兴趣丝毫没有减弱的迹象。根据上文提到的人们提出打造泰坦尼克号复制品的提议可知，人们对这艘船的兴趣没有减弱的“迹象”。故选A。
III. Reading Comprehension
Section A
Directions: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.
Lying in a Foreign Language Is Easier
Most people don’t find it more difficult to lie in a foreign language than in their native tongue. However, things are different when telling the truth: This is clearly more difficult for many people in a foreign language than in their native one.
This ___41___ conclusion is the result of a study conducted by two psychologists from the University of Würzburg: Kristina Suchotzki and Matthias Gamer. The two scientists presented their___42___ in Journal of Experimental Psychology.
Their findings could be important for a lot of processes in which the trustworthiness of certain people must be ___43___. In such situations, reports by non-native speakers tend to be considered as less___44___ even though they may be truthful. Their discovery also explains another ___45___, namely that people communicating in a foreign language are generally considered as less trustworthy.
There are two research ___46___ to predict differences between deception and truth telling in a native compared to a second language.
Research from cognitive (认知的) load theory suggests that lying is more difficult in a foreign language. “Compared to truth telling, lying is a cognitively more ___47___ task,” Kristina Suchotzki explains. Adding a foreign language imposes an additional cognitive ___48___ which makes lying even more difficult.
Lying is easier in a foreign language: This should be true according to the emotional distance hypothesis (假设). This assumption is based on the fact that lying is ___49___ more emotions than staying with the truth. Liars have higher stress levels and are more tense. Research shows that compared to speaking in a native language, communicating in a second language is less ___50___arousing. Accordingly, this ___51___ emotional arousal would promote lying.
To settle this question, the Würzburg psychologists conducted a number of experiments in which up to 50 test persons had to complete specific tasks. They were asked to answer a number of questions—sometimes ___52___ and sometimes deceptively both in their native language and in a foreign language. Some questions were ___53___; other questions were clearly emotional.
The results show that it usually takes longer to answer emotional questions. Answers in the foreign language also take longer. And generally, it takes longer to tell a lie than to tell the truth. However, the time differences between deceptive and truthful answers are less ___54___ in a second language than in the native language.
The data suggest that the increased cognitive effort is responsible for the prolongation (延长) of the truth ___55___ in the foreign language. The reason why this prolongation almost does not exist in lying can be explained with the emotional distance hypothesis: The greater emotional distance in a foreign language thus “cancels out” the higher cognitive load when lying.
41. A. similar B. unexpected C. disappointing D. inevitable
42. A. insights B. principles C. expectations D. justifications
43. A. classified B. substituted C. modified D. evaluated
44. A. accurate B. believable C. sensitive D. informative
45. A. reason B. difference C. origin D. phenomenon
46. A. results B. methods C. theories D. questions
47. A. inviting B. embarrassing C. rewarding D. demanding
48. A. challenge B. perspective C. strategy D. context
49. A. aimed at B. prepared for C. associated with D. applied to
50. A. emotionally B. alternatively C. fundamentally D. suspiciously
51. A. advanced B. reduced C. adapted D. altered
52. A. directly B. confidently C. truthfully D. initially
53. A. tough B. concrete C. irrelevant D. neutral
54. A. appealing B. obvious C. important D. reasonable
55. A. claim B. element C. commission D. response
【答案】41. B 42. A 43. D 44. B 45. D 46. C 47. D 48. A 49. C 50. A 51. B 52. C 53. D 54. B 55. D
【解析】
这是一篇说明文。大多数人并不觉得用外语说谎比用母语更难。然而，说真话的时候情况就不一样了:对很多人来说，说外语显然比说母语更难。有两种研究理论可以预测母语和第二语言在欺骗和说实话方面的差异。
【41题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。A. similar相似的；B. unexpected意外的；C. disappointing失望的；D. inevitable必然的。根据上文However, things are different when telling the truth可知下文中得出的结论是“意外的”，故选B。
【42题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。A. insights见解；B. principles原则；C. expectations期待；D. justifications理由。句意：两位科学家在《实验心理学杂志》上发表了他们的见解。故选A。
【43题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。A. classified分类；B. substituted代替；C. modified改进；D. evaluated评估。句意：必须评估某些人的可信度。trustworthy与evaluate“评估”相搭配，故选D。
【44题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。A. accurate精确的；B. believable可信的；C. sensitive敏感的；D. informative教育性的。句意：在这种情况下，非母语人士的报告往往被认为不可信，即使他们可能是真实的。less believable表示“不可信的”，故选B。
【45题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。A. reason理由；B. difference差异；C. origin起源；D. phenomenon现象。句意：他们的发现也解释了另一种现象，即用外语交流的人通常被认为不那么值得信任。故选D。
【46题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。A. results结果；B. methods方法；C. theories理论；D. questions问题。句意：有两种研究理论可以预测母语和第二语言在欺骗和说实话方面的差异。此处表示“研究理论”故选C。
【47题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。A. inviting诱人的；B. embarrassing尴尬的；C. rewarding有益的；D. demanding苛求的。根据上文lying is more difficult in a foreign language可知本句中“说谎是一项认知上要求更高的任务”，表示“要求高的；苛求的”故选D。
【48题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。A. challenge挑战；B. perspective观点；C. strategy战略；D. context环境。句意：增加一门外语会带来额外的认知挑战，这使得说谎变得更加困难。故选A。
【49题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。A. aimed at针对；B. prepared for准备；C. associated with与……有联系；D. applied to适用于。句意：这个假设是基于这样一个事实，即说谎与更多的情感有关，而不是与真相有关。表示“与……有关；有联系”故选C。
【50题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。A. emotionally感情上；B. alternatively非此即彼；C. fundamentally根本地；D. suspiciously怀疑地。句意：研究表明，与用母语交谈相比，用第二语言交流在情感上更缺乏激情。故选A。
【51题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。A. advanced先进的；B. reduced减少的；C. adapted适合的；D. altered改变了的。根据上文less emotionally arousing可知这是一种减少的情绪唤起，故选B。
【52题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。A. directly直接地；B. confidently自信地；C. truthfully诚实地；D. initially最初。本空与下文sometimes deceptively（偶尔撒谎）形成一组反义词并列，故选C。
【53题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。A. tough艰难的；B. concrete实在的；具体的；C. irrelevant不相干的；D. neutral中立的。句意：有些问题是中性的；其他问题显然很情绪化。故选D。
【54题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。A. appealing吸引人的；B. obvious明显的；C. important重要的；D. reasonable合理的。句意：然而，欺骗性答案和真实答案之间的时间差在第二语言中并不像在母语中那么明显。故选B。
【55题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。A. claim要求；B. element元素；C. commission委员会；D. response响应。句意：数据表明，认知负荷的增加是因为用外语说真话耗时长。故选D。
Section B
Directions: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.
(A)
In a career that lasted more than half a century, Tom Wolfe wrote fiction and nonfiction best-sellers including The Electric Kool-Aid Acid Test and The Bonfire of the Vanities. Along the way, he created a new type of journalism and coined phrases that became part of the American vocabulary.
Wolfe began working as a newspaper reporter, first for The Washington Post, then the New York Herald Tribune. He developed a literary style in nonfiction that became known as the “New Journalism.” “I’ve always agreed on a theoretical level that the techniques for fiction and nonfiction are interchangeable,” he said. “The things that work in nonfiction would work in fiction, and vice versa.”
“When Tom Wolfe’s voice broke into the world of nonfiction, it was a time when a lot of writers, and a lot of artists in general, were turning inwards,” says Lev Grossman, book critic for Time magazine. “Wolfe didn’t do that. Wolfe turned outwards. He was a guy who was interested in other people.” Wolfe was interested in how they thought, how they did things and how the things they did affected the world around them.
In 1979, Wolfe published The Right Stuff, an account of the military test pilots who became America’s first astronauts. Four years later, the book was adapted as a feature film. “The Right Stuff was the book for me,” says Grossman. “It reminded me, in case I’d forgotten, that the world is an incredible place.”
In The Right Stuff, Wolfe popularized the phrase “pushing the envelope.” In a New York magazine article, Wolfe described the 1970s as “The ‘Me’ Decade.” Grossman says these phrases became part of the American idiom because they were accurate.
“He was an enormously forceful observer, and he was not afraid of making strong claims about what was happening in reality,” Grossman says. “He did it well and people heard him. And they repeated what he said because he was right.” All those words started a revolution in nonfiction that is still going on.
56. The “New Journalism” is a style of journalism that .
A. changes its news writing techniques frequently
B. popularizes new American idioms in a literary way
C. combines novelistic techniques with traditional reporting
D. reports various news events from a theoretical perspective
57. It can be learned from the passage that The Right Stuff .
A. is a film directed by Lev Grossman B. is an influential book by Tom Wolfe
C. accounts for popular American phrases D. deals with incredible places in the world
58. According to the passage, Tom Wolfe .
A. was good at reporting news from a realistic perspective
B. preferred making claims about events to writing books
C. was fond of commenting on other people’s thoughts
D. liked analyzing social problems from the outside
59. Which of the following is the best title for the passage?
A. Tom Wolfe: A Professional Phrase Coiner
B. Tom Wolfe: A Forceful Observer and Novelist
C. Tom Wolfe: A Theoretical Creator in Literature
D. Tom Wolfe: An Innovative Journalist and Writer
【答案】56. C 57. B 58. A 59. D
【解析】
这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了Tom Wolfe，一位富有创新的记者和作家。他将小说技巧与传统报道相结合创造出了一种非虚构文学风格，被称为“新新闻”。
【56题详解】
推理判断题。第二段中He developed a literary style in nonfiction that became known as the “New Journalism.” “I’ve always agreed on a theoretical level that the techniques for fiction and nonfiction are interchangeable,”可知他将小说和非小说的技巧结合形成了一种新的文体。即“新新闻”是一种将小说手法与传统报道相结合的新闻文体，故选C。
【57题详解】
细节理解题。倒数第二段第一、二句In The Right Stuff, Wolfe popularized the phrase “pushing the envelope.” In a New York magazine article, Wolfe described the 1970s as “The ‘Me’ Decade.”可知在The Right Stuff书中，Wolfe普及了短语“推信封”。在纽约杂志的一篇文章中，Wolfe将20世纪70年代描述为“自我”的十年。即可知The Right Stuff是Tom Wolfe写的一本很有影响力的书，故选B。
【58题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段第一句“He was an enormously forceful observer, and he was not afraid of making strong claims about what was happening in reality,”可知Tom Wolfe是一个非常有说服力的观察者，他不害怕对现实中正在发生的事情做出强有力的断言。即Tom Wolfe善于从现实的角度报道新闻，故选A。
【59题详解】
主旨大意题。根据文章主要内容为介绍了发明了“新新闻”文体的Tom Wolfe，他是一位创新的记者和作家。故选D。
(B)
Important facts about ELIQUIS® (apixaban)
This is a summary of important information that you need to know about ELIQUIS. Keep this document in a safe place, so you can refer to it before and during your treatment.
Look out for the following signs as you read:
Do not stop taking ELIQUIS without talking to the doctor who prescribed (开处方) it to you.
Talk to your healthcare team before any medical procedures. ELIQUIS may need to be stopped before surgery, or a medical or dental procedure. Your doctor will tell you when you should stop taking ELIQUIS and when you may start taking it again. If you have to stop taking ELIQUIS, your doctor may prescribe another medicine to help prevent a blood clot from forming.
What is the possible serious side effect of ELIQUIS?
ELIQUIS can cause bleeding, which can be serious, and rarely may lead to death. This is because ELIQUIS is a blood thinner medicine that reduces blood clotting. While taking ELIQUIS, you may hurt more easily and it may take longer than usual for any bleeding to stop.
Call your doctor or get medical help right away if you have any symptoms of bleeding when taking ELIQUIS.
Who should not take ELIQUIS?
ELIQUIS is not for patients who:
Have artificial heart valves (瓣膜). Currently have certain types of abnormal bleeding. Have had a serious allergic (过敏的) reaction to ELIQUIS.
What should I discuss with my healthcare team before starting ELIQUIS?
Talk to your healthcare team about the following:
Liver problems any other medical conditions If you have ever had bleeding problems.
Tell your doctor if you are pregnant or breastfeeding, or planning to become pregnant or breastfeed. You and your doctor should decide whether you will take ELIQUIS or breastfeed. You should not do both.
Tell your healthcare team about all of the medicines you are taking.
60. The important facts about ELIQUIS are mainly intended for .
A. drugstores B. patients C. pregnant women D. healthcare teams
61. It can be inferred from the facts that a blood clot forms .
A. when allergic reaction appears B. when bleeding grows abnormal
C. when blood pressure drops D. when blood becomes thicker
62. What can be inferred about ELIQUIS from the facts?
A. It can be harmful to babies. B. It can’t be taken with any other medicines.
C. It shouldn’t be taken after a surgery. D. It may increase the risk of having dental problems.
【答案】60. B 61. D 62. A
【解析】
这是一篇说明文。文章是一篇关于一种叫做ELIQUIS的血液稀释剂的服用重要事项说明。
【60题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段Do not stop taking ELIQUIS without talking to the doctor who prescribed (开处方) it to you.可知在没有告知给你开处方的医生前，不要停止服用ELIQUIS。即关于ELIQUIS的重要事项是主要针对病人的。故选B。
【61题详解】
推理判断题。第六段第二句This is because ELIQUIS is a blood thinner medicine that reduces blood clotting.可知ELIQUIS是一种血液稀释剂，可以减少血液凝固。即可推理当血液浓稠的时候，血栓就会形成。故选D。
【62题详解】
细节理解题。倒数第二段第一、二句Tell your doctor if you are pregnant or breastfeeding, or planning to become pregnant or breastfeed. You and your doctor should decide whether you will take ELIQUIS or breastfeed.可知如果你怀孕或哺乳，或计划怀孕或哺乳，请告诉你的医生。你和你的医生应该决定是服用ELIQUIS还是母乳喂养。可推理ELIQUIS对婴儿是有危害的。故选A。
(C)
The Earth is facing a climate crisis, but it’s also getting greener and leafier. According to new research, the rise is largely due to China and India.
A study by National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA), based on extensive satellite photographs and published in the journal Nature Sustainability, has revealed that the two countries with the world’s biggest populations are also responsible for the largest increase in greenness.
Since 2000, the planet’s green leaf area has increased by 5 percent, or over 2 million square miles. That’s an area equivalent to the sum total of the Amazon rainforests, NASA says. But researchers stressed that the new greenery does not neutralize deforestation and its negative impacts on ecosystems elsewhere.
A third of the leaf increase is thanks to China and India, due to the implementation of major tree-planting projects alongside a vast increase in agriculture.
Using the data from a NASA sensor, researchers discovered that China is the source of a quarter of the increase in green leaf area, despite possessing only 6.6 percent of the world’s vegetated area (植被区). Forests account for 42 percent of that increase, while croplands make up a further 32 percent. China’s increase in forest area is the result of forest preservation and expansion programs, NASA said, established to fight against the impacts of climate change, air pollution and soil erosion (水土流失). India has contributed a further 6.8 percent rise in green leaf area, with 82 percent from croplands and 4.4 percent from forests.
Rama Nemani, a co-author of the study and a researcher at NASA’s Ames Research Center, said in a statement, “When the greening of the Earth was first observed, we thought it was due to a warmer, wetter climate and fertilization from the added carbon dioxide in the atmosphere, leading to more leaf growth in northern forests, for instance.” “Now, with the data that lets us understand the phenomenon at really small scales, we see that humans are also contributing,” Nemani said. “This will help scientists make better predictions about the behavior of different Earth systems, which will help countries make better decisions about how and when to take action.”
Thomas Pugh, a professor at the University of Birmingham’s School of Geography, Earth and Environmental Sciences, said the NASA report expands scientists’ understanding of the causes behind global greening. But he also cautioned that a direct line cannot be drawn between an increase in global greening and a decrease in negative impacts of climate change.
63. The passage mainly tells us that .
A. China and India have the world’s largest green leaf areas
B. China and India are the lead role players in global greening
C. our planet is experiencing a climate crisis despite human efforts
D. our planet is getting greener due to the joint efforts of the world
64. What can be learned about China and India?
A. The area of croplands in India is larger than that in China.
B. India’s rise in leaf area is largely due to its forestry program.
C. They both show a greater increase in forests than in croplands.
D. China boasts twenty-five percent of the global rise in leaf area.
65. According to Rama Nemani, their new findings are .
A. unexpected but significant B. surprising but valueless
C. predictable but disappointing D. uncontrollable but inspiring
66. What can be inferred from the passage?
A. There is an indirect link between global greening and climate change.
B. The new greenery does not have any positive effect on the global climate.
C. The gain in greenness does not make up for the damage from loss of leaf area.
D. The increase in greening reduces the deforestation rate and its impact globally.
【答案】63. B 64. D 65. A 66. C
【解析】
这是一篇说明文。地球正面临着气候危机，但它也变得越来越绿色和枝繁叶茂。根据最新研究，这一增长主要归功于中国和印度。文章同时介绍了中国和印度在这一增长中的具体体现。
【63题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段The Earth is facing a climate crisis, but it’s also getting greener and leafier. According to new research, the rise is largely due to China and India.可知地球正面临着气候危机，但它也变得越来越绿色和叶子。根据最新研究，这一增长主要归功于中国和印度。即中国和印度是全球绿化主导角色，故选B。
【64题详解】
推理判断题。第四段第一句China is the source of a quarter of the increase in green leaf area可知中国的绿叶面积增长了四分之一，即中国拥有全球25%的叶面积增长。故选D。
【65题详解】
细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“When the greening of the Earth was first observed, we thought it was due to a warmer, wetter climate and fertilization from the added carbon dioxide in the atmosphere, leading to more leaf growth in northern forests, for instance.” “Now, with the data that lets us understand the phenomenon at really small scales, we see that humans are also contributing,” Nemani said.可知最初Nemani第一次观察到地球变绿时，他们认为这是由于气候变暖、变湿，以及大气中二氧化碳的增加，而下文提到“现在，有了这些数据，我们可以在非常小的范围内理解这种现象，我们发现人类也在做出贡献。”，即这一项新发现是“没有预料到的；出乎意料之外”的；再根据本段最后一句This will help scientists make better predictions about the behavior of different Earth systems, which will help countries make better decisions about how and when to take action.可知Rama Nemani认为这一新发现将帮助科学家更好地预测不同地球系统的动向，将帮助各国更好地决定如何以及何时采取行动。即这项新发现是有意义的，故选A。
【66题详解】
推理判断题。最后一段最后一句But he also cautioned that a direct line cannot be drawn between an increase in global greening and a decrease in negative impacts of climate change.可知全球绿化的增加和气候变化负面影响的减少之间并不能直接区分开，即绿度的增加不能弥补绿叶面积的损失。故选C。
Section C
Directions: Read the following passage. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need.
Screen Time: How Much Is Too Much?
Many children spend a lot of time watching or playing with electronic media—from televisions to video games, computers and other devices. ___67___ Perhaps parents now should ease up on their concerns about screen time, at least for older boys and girls.
Until last year, the American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP) suggested that children and teenagers have no more than two hours of screen time a day. It also suggests that parents balance a child’s screen time with other activities.
___68___ Christopher Ferguson, who teaches psychology at Stetson University in Florida, notes a lack of evidence supporting reports that too many hours spent playing video games or watching TV is truly harmful.
Ferguson seems interested in one idea: the link between video games and violent or risky behavior. When he saw results from a recent British survey on screen time, he wanted to know more. The British study found a small negative effect—about a one percent increase—in aggression and depression among children who had six or more hours of screen time a day. ___69___ So, Ferguson and his team examined answers from a survey on risky behaviors. The study involved about 6,000 boys and girls in Florida, whose average age was 16.
Data from this survey found that American children are also fairly resistant to the negative effects of electronic media. Among those who used screens up to six hours a day, the survey found: a 0.5 percent increase in criminal behavior; a 1.7 percent increase in signs of depression; and a 1.2 percent negative effect on school grades. ___70___ To further argue his point that screen time is not harmful, Ferguson adds that children should become familiar with screen technology. Electronic devices, he says, are a part of our everyday lives.
A. Some negative experiences on social media can and do affect some children.
B. However, some experts question claims that too much screen time is harmful.
C. He wanted to see if there was a similar effect among young people in the United States.
D. So, it is natural that parents should wonder about all the time children spend looking at a screen.
E. The researchers found no increase in risky sex or driving behaviors, use of illegal substances or eating disorders.
F. The researchers suggested that for those children, technology use might get in the way of taking part in other important activities.
【答案】67. D 68. B
69. C 70. E
【解析】
这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述的是许多孩子花很多时间看或玩电子媒体——从电视到电子游戏、电脑和其他设备。美国儿科学会建议儿童和青少年每天看屏幕的时间不超过两个小时。一些专家质疑过多的屏幕时间是有害的，Stetson 大学心理学教授Christopher Ferguson指出，没有证据支持长时间玩电子游戏或看电视确实有害的说法。
【67题详解】
根据上文Many children spend a lot of time watching or playing with electronic media—from televisions to video games, computers and other devices.可知许多孩子花很多时间看或玩电子媒体——从电视到电子游戏、电脑和其他设备。再根据后文parents now should ease up on their concerns about screen time, at least for older boys and girls.提到了父母对孩子长时间看电子产品的看法，可知本空是提出父母对孩子花在看屏幕上的时间感到好奇是很自然的。故选D。
【68题详解】
根据下文Christopher Ferguson, who teaches psychology at Stetson University in Florida, notes a lack of evidence supporting reports that too many hours spent playing video games or watching TV is truly harmful.（Stetson 大学心理学教授Christopher Ferguson指出，没有证据支持长时间玩电子游戏或看电视确实有害说法。）因此可推测上文是提出“一些专家质疑过多的屏幕时间是有害的”，故选B。
【69题详解】
上文The British study found a small negative effect—about a one percent increase—in aggression and depression among children who had six or more hours of screen time a day.中提到一项英国研究发现，在每天看电视时间超过6小时的儿童中，攻击性和抑郁会有一个小的负面影响——大约增加1%。因此他想看看在美国的年轻人中是否也有类似的影响。故选C。
【70题详解】
根据上文Among those who used screens up to six hours a day, the survey found: a 0.5 percent increase in criminal behavior; a 1.7 percent increase in signs of depression; and a 1.2 percent negative effect on school grades. 调查发现，在每天使用屏幕长达6小时的人群中，犯罪行为增加了0.5%；抑郁症的症状增加了1.7%;以及1.2%对学习成绩的负面影响。即下文继续列举长时间看屏幕对其他犯罪行为的影响，故E选项：研究人员发现，危险的性行为、驾驶行为、使用非法药物或饮食失调的情况没有增加。符合题意，故选E。
IV. Summary Writing
71.Directions: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.
Fujian Puppetry (木偶剧) in Need of Urgent Safeguarding
As one of the contributions of Chinese performing art to the world’s cultural heritage (遗产), Fujian puppetry has a long history. It has developed a set of characteristic techniques of performance and puppet making, as well as plays and music.
No final conclusions have yet been reached on the origins and evolution of Chinese puppetry. Dating from Shang dynasty, pottery figurines (陶俑) used as burial objects have been discovered at the Yin Ruins. In a Western Han tomb at Mawangdui in Changsha, Hunan Province, a number of wooden figurines have been unearthed. These were a great improvement on those from previous dynasties in terms of craftsmanship, variety and modeling. Over time, figurines as burial objects evolved into puppets for entertainment on festive occasions.
Chinese puppetry further developed during the Ming and Qing dynasties, with a bunch of schools spreading across the country. Puppet shows from various places had their own characteristics in terms of figure modeling.
In the past few decades, many traditional forms of art have seen a decline in popularity. In particular, Fujian puppetry finds itself in hot water. The number of young people learning puppetry has decreased due to socioeconomic changes to their lifestyles. The long period of training required to master the complicated performing techniques has also been a factor in the fall.
In response, concerned communities, groups and bearers laid down the 2008-2020 Strategy for the Training of Coming Generations of Fujian Puppetry Practitioners. The key objectives are to safeguard the promotion of Fujian Puppetry and to increase its sustainability through professional training to cultivate a new generation of puppetry practitioners; creation of teaching materials; construction of training institutes and exhibition halls; regional and international cooperation; and artistic exchange.
In 2012, the strategy was added to the Register of Good Safeguarding Practices by the UNESCO. With great efforts made by practitioners, local people and education institutions, Fujian Puppetry can expect a brighter future.
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】Fujian puppetry, a performing art, is a cultural heritage with a long history that may have originated from burial objects. However, it has become less popular these decades because of fewer young learners and the difficulty in mastering its techniques. Luckily, some people and organizations have realized its value and are making joint efforts to save it, including UNESCO.
【解析】
【分析】
这是一篇概要写作。
【详解】写作步骤
1）细读原文。首先要仔细阅读短文，掌握文章主旨。文章介绍了福建木偶戏作为中国表演艺术对世界文化遗产的贡献之一，有着悠久的历史。而在过去的几十年里，许多传统艺术形式的受欢迎程度有所下降。幸运的是，包括联合国教科文组织在内的一些人士和组织认识到了它的价值，正在共同努力拯救它。
2）弄清结构，归纳段意。概要写作是写全文概要，不是写某一部分的概要，或者就某些问题写出要点。因此一定要弄清文章结构，归纳文章各段大意。本文第一、二、三段详细描写福建木偶戏起源和演变的部分，可删繁就简，总结概括为一句话；第四段提出在过去的几十年中，木偶戏面临的问题是：受欢迎程度下降，面临失传；第五、六段为人们意识到它的价值而采取的拯救措施。
3）列出原文要点。分析原文的内容和结构，将内容分项扼要表述并注意在结构上的顺序。在此基础上选出与文章主题密切相关的部分。本文中要点有三：第一，介绍福建木偶戏；第二，木偶戏目前面临的问题；第三，对此人们采取的措施。
4）在写作时要特别注意下面几点：
（1）概要应包括原文中的主要事实，略去不必要的细节。
（2）安排好篇幅的比例，概要应同原文保持协调，即用较多的文字写重要内容，用较少的文字写次要内容。
（3）注意要点之间衔接，要用适当的关联词语贯通全文，切忌只简单地写出一些互不相干的句子，但也不要每两句之间都加关联词语，以免显得生硬。
（4）不排斥用原文的某些词句，但不要照搬原文的句子，如果不能完全用自己的话语表达，至少对原文句子做一些同义词替换，如果结构上也能有一些转换会更好。
（5）计算词数，看是否符合规定的词数要求。
【点睛】范文内容完整，语言规范，语篇连贯，词数适当。作者在范文中使用了较多高级表达方式，如Fujian puppetry, a performing art, is a cultural heritage with a long history that may have originated from burial objects. 运用了定语从句。However, it has become less popular these decades because of fewer young learners and the difficulty in mastering its techniques. because of短语。全文中没有中国式英语的句式，显示了很高的驾驭英语的能力。另外，文章思路清晰、层次分明，上下句转换自然，为文章增色添彩。
V. Translation
Directions: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.
72. 开展研究之前，你必须进行可行性分析。(It)
____________________________
73. 只有经常与最初的目标对照，你才能确保最终获得成功。(Only)
____________________________
74. 听书是否会打消孩子自己去读这本书的积极性还没有定论。(discourage)
____________________________
75. 正当医生们面对缺少稀有血一筹莫展时，一个病人家属主动提出了献血。(idea)
____________________________
【答案】72. It’s a must for you to analyze its feasibility before conducting a research.
73. Only by checking the initial goal frequently, can you make sure that success is achieved finally.
74. Whether listening to a book will discourage children from reading it on their own remains an open question.
75. Just when the doctors had no idea what to do with the lack of rare blood, a family member of a patient offered to donate his/her blood.
【解析】
考查重点句型短语翻译。
【72题详解】
句型It’s a must for sb to do sth.“某人必须做某事”；feasibility译为“可行性；可能”；故译为It’s a must for you to analyze its feasibility before conducting a research.。
【73题详解】
本句考查当“only＋状语”位于句首时，其后习惯上要用部分倒装；the initial goal“最初的目标”；故译为Only by checking the initial goal frequently, can you make sure that success is achieved finally.。
【74题详解】
本句需要运用到主语从句，根据句意连接词需要选用whether，表示“是否”；同时考查动词discourage“阻止；使气馁”，译为Whether listening to a book will discourage children from reading it on their own remains an open question.。
【75题详解】
短语have no idea“不清楚；不知道；一筹莫展”；本句为when引导的时间状语从句，故译为Just when the doctors had no idea what to do with the lack of rare blood, a family member of a patient offered to donate his/her blood.。
VI. Guided Writing
76.Directions: Write an English composition in 120-150 words according to the instructions given below in Chinese.
假设你是中华中学的高三学生李敏，前几天收到远在英国的朋友Sandy的邮件，Sandy知道你即将高中毕业，给你写邮件，询问你高中毕业后的打算，想知道你毕业后准备在国内高等学校继续学习呢，还是计划出国深造，或者直接开始工作，甚或还有其他打算。你现给Sandy回复邮件，内容包括:你高中毕业后的具体打算；你这样打算的理由。
注:文中不得提及你的真实姓名或学校。
__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】Dear Sandy,
I'm so glad to hear from you. Yes, like you said, I have been longing for the graduation of high school, during which I can do a lot of amazing things.
After the high school time, I would like to go to the university for my further study, which lasts about 4 years and will undoubtedly be my last school-time. Therefore, I'd like to make it as meaningful as possible.
College is an important milestone in my life, so I plan to support myself through college all by myself. I'll begin with a part-time job at McDonalds, which will also be a great chance to meet many interesting people and learn about society.
With the money earned, I'll enroll in a driving course and try to get my driver's license. How exciting that will be! Another thing I'm anticipating is to teach little kids English in my community as a volunteer teacher. You know teaching has been my dream job.
Pretty exciting, huh? What are your plans for this summer? Looking forward to hearing from you soon.
Yours,
Li Ming
【解析】
【分析】
这是一篇应用文写作。
【详解】第1步：根据提示可知，本篇为一封邮件；假设你是中华中学的高三学生李敏，前几天收到远在英国的朋友Sandy的邮件，Sandy知道你即将高中毕业，给你写邮件，询问你高中毕业后的打算，想知道你毕业后准备在国内高等学校继续学习呢，还是计划出国深造，或者直接开始工作，甚或还有其他打算。你现给Sandy回复邮件，内容包括:你高中毕业后的具体打算；你这样打算的理由。
第2步：根据写作要求，确定关键词（组），如：be long for（盼望），further study（深造），milestone（里程碑），learn about（了解）等。
第3步：根据提示及关键词（组）进行遣词造句，注意主谓一致和时态问题。
第4步：连句成文，注意使用恰当的连词进行句子之间的衔接与过渡，书写一定要规范清晰，保持整洁美观的卷面是非常重要的。
本文内容完整，语言规范，语篇连贯，词数适当。另外全文中没有中国式英语的句式，显示了很高的驾驭英语的能力。
【点睛】范文内容完整，语言规范，语篇连贯，词数适当。作者在范文中使用了较多高级表达方式，如I have been longing for the graduation of high school, during which I can do a lot of amazing things. 运用了定语从句。With the money earned, I'll enroll in a driving course and try to get my driver's license. with的复合结构。全文中没有中国式英语的句式，显示了很高的驾驭英语的能力。另外，文章思路清晰、层次分明，上下句转换自然，为文章增色添彩。
英 语
(考试时间120分钟，满分140分。请将答案填写在答题纸上)
I. Listening Comprehension
Section A
Directions: In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.
1.
A. A pilot. B. An airhost. C. A passenger. D. A taxi driver.
【答案】D
【解析】
【分析】
M: Madam, where do you want to go?
W: Could you drop me off at the airport?
Q: What is most probably the man’s occupation?
【详解】此为听力题，解析略。
2.
A. In a bank. B. In a hotel. C. In a clinic. D. In a university.
【答案】C
【解析】
【分析】
W: Please register your information here and pay for it. And I’ll make a medical record for you.
M: OK. How much do I need to pay for the registration?
Q: Where does the conversation most probably take place?
【详解】此为听力题，解析略。
3.
A. Order for the man. B. Recalculate the bill.
C. Refuse to pay the bill. D. Give the man a discount.
【答案】B
【解析】
【分析】
M: Sixty-eight dollars? The bill can’t be right! I only had a coffee and a salad for dinner.
W: Sorry. Let me have a check.
Q: What will the woman probably do next?
【详解】此为听力题，解析略。
4.
A. He forgot about the football game. B. He can’t endure the loud noise from the game.
C. He thought the game was disappointing. D. He doesn’t think football games make any sense.
【答案】B
【解析】
【分析】
W: Why didn’t you go to the football final last weekend? You missed a great game.
M: Oh, you know how sensitive I am to loud noise.
Q: Why did the man miss the football game?
【详解】此为听力题，解析略。
5.
A. She’d like the man to touch the report for her.
B. She’s already finished her report on the movie.
C. She’ll be unable to see the movie with the man.
D. She prefers a different type of movie to a comedy.
【答案】C
【解析】
【分析】
M: How about a movie tonight? That new comedy is on these days.
W: Sounds great. But I’ve got to put the finishing touches on my report.
Q: What does the woman mean?
【详解】此为听力题，解析略。
6.
A. He’s got an extra train schedule. B. He’s going to Philadelphia by train.
C. He’s already missed his train. D. He’s familiar with the train station.
【答案】D
【解析】
【分析】
W: Excuse me, but do you know when the next train for Philadelphia leaves?
M: Sorry, I don’t know. But there are schedules beside the ticket window.
Q: What can be inferred about the man?
【详解】此为听力题，解析略。
7.此处有音频，请去附件查看】
A. He’s satisfied with his job. B. He’s got trouble finding a job.
C. He likes working in hot summer. D. He gets more pay than expected.
【答案】A
【解析】
【分析】
W: Tom, I hear you are working as a house painter this summer. It’s got to be awfully hot working up there on a ladder in the sun all day.
M: Wellit’s hard work, but I’ve got used to working outdoors and the pay is decent.
Q: What does the man mean.
【详解】此为听力题，解析略。
8.
A. The man and the woman did the research together.
B. The woman didn’t work hard enough on her paper.
C. The professor was content with the woman’s paper.
D. The paper wasn’t as good as the woman had thought.
【答案】D
【解析】
【分析】
M: What sort of grade did you get on your research paper? I know how hard you worked on it.
W: Yeah, I was hoping for something really good. But the professor said I didn’t give enough supporting details.
Q: What can be inferred from the conversation?
【详解】此为听力题，解析略。
9.
A. She’ll consider the man’s invitation. B. She doesn’t want to join a gardening club.
C. She doesn’t have time to work in a garden. D. She’s never been formally invited into a club.
【答案】B
【解析】
【分析】
M: I’ve noticed that you spend a lot of time tending to your garden. Do you think you might like to join our gardening club?
W: Oh, thanks for your invitation. But this is how I relax. I’d rather not make it something formal.
Q: What does the woman mean?
【详解】此为听力题，解析略。
10.
A. He won’t vote for the woman.
B. He may also run for class president.
C. The woman shouldn’t have asked him for his vote.
D. The woman should ask his roommate to vote for her.
【答案】A
【解析】
【分析】
W: James I decided to run for class president and I’m wondering if I can rely on your vote?
M: Oh, maybe if you had asked me sooner. But my roommate is running, too, and I’ve already promised him he will have my support.
Q: What does the man mean?
【详解】此为听力题，解析略。
Section B
Directions: In Section B, you will hear two short passages and one longer conversation, and you will be asked several questions on each of them. The passages and the conversation will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.
Questions are based on the following passage.
11.
A. Crows are particularly clever birds. B. Crows have been trained to work for a park.
C. Crows are popular with theme parks. D. Crows have long been seen as symbols of evil.
12.
A. Collecting garbage. B. Giving gifts to visitors.
C. Using various tools. D. Remembering visitors’ faces.
13.
A. To show visitors can be more careful to keep the park clean.
B. To train more crows to clear up the park in a more rapid way.
C. To communicate with crows and establish a relationship with them.
D. To indicate humans can learn from nature to protect the environment.
【答案】11. B 12. A 13. D
【解析】
When a crow, a kind of black bird, puts a cigarette end or a piece of rubbish in a box, a small amount of tasty food is given as a reward. Some crows are already in service and others will begin soon.
Crows have long been seen as symbols of evil and are often considered to be bad birds. A French park, however, has trained the birds to work for it.
Six crows have been taught to fly around to check the popular historical theme park. In the park, they collect cigarette ends and other rubbish.
These birds are considered “particularly intelligent” members of the crow family and are also quick workers. They are able to fill a bucket with rubbish in less than 45 minutes.
Other birds in the crow family are also very clever. In the wild, crows use tools. They can also remember faces. When fed by a human, they will give gifts in return.
“They like to communicate with humans and establish a relationship through play,” Mr. Villiers, manager of the park, said. “The goal of the project is not just to clear up—because visitors are generally careful to keep things clean—but also to show that nature itself can teach us to take care of the environment.”
Questions:
What does the passage mainly want to tell us?
What is the crows’ job in the French theme park?
What is one of the goals of the project?
【11题详解】
此为听力题，解析略。
【12题详解】
此为听力题，解析略。
【13题详解】
此为听力题，解析略。
Questions are based on the following passage.
14. A. To save space. B. To reach for the sky. C. To attract tourists. D. To be seen miles away.
15.
A. They fail to inspire the culture. B. They threaten the city’s development.
C. They have rather odd nicknames. D. They make old landmarks hard to see.
16.
A. Skyscrapers are usually ugly. B. The Shard is the world’s tallest building.
C. London’s upward expansion is continuing. D. London’s replaced office blocks with high-rises.
【答案】14. A 15. D 16. C
【解析】
When you’re walking around a city, how often do you look up and admire the view? Many of us are in too much of a rush to appreciate the architecture all around us.
Cities are always growing, and when space is limited, they expand upwards—reaching for the sky. The skylines of many modern cities are full of skyscrapers: landmarks that can be seen for miles around. These landmarks are often must-see sights for tourists.
New York has its Empire State Building and the gorgeous skyscrapers of Manhattan. Dubai has the world’s tallest tower, which stands at 828 meters; and Shanghai has the world’s second tallest tower with the completion of the Shanghai Tower.
London hasn’t always been associated with the race for upward expansion, but since the opening of Canary Wharf tower in the city’s Docklands area, the development of high-rise buildings has been unstoppable. Now London boasts new skyscrapers with odd nicknames that reflect the shapes of the buildings. Standing tall among them is the Shard—and at 309 meters it’s Europe’s tallest building. But they are not loved by everyone. While some prefer them to uninspiring rows of office blocks, others say they block the view of old-fashioned landmarks and that they threaten London’s cultural identity. Some say they’re just ugly! A group of Londoners are now campaigning to stop certain high-rise developments.
Questions:
Why are cities expanding upwards?
Which of the following is a reason some people give for disliking the high-rises in London?
What can be learned from the passage?
【14题详解】
此为听力题，解析略。
【15题详解】
此为听力题，解析略。
【16题详解】
此为听力题，解析略。
Questions are based on the following passage.
17.
A. The expansion of the cafeteria. B. The cost of meals in the cafeteria.
C. The food served in the cafeteria. D. The job opportunities in the cafeteria.
18.
A. Cooking food for the students. B. Serving food for the students.
C. Improving meals’ nutritional value. D. Listening to complaints about service.
19.
A. To give nutrition lessons to students.
B. To collect students’ opinions about meals.
C. To find more students to work in the cafeteria.
D. To ask students to try a new dish she has made.
20.
A. A little curious. B. Very amazed.
C. Quite confused. D. A bit doubtful.
【答案】17. C 18. B 19. B 20. A
【解析】
W: Hi, Rob. Do you mind if I eat lunch with you?
M: No, Mrs. Evans, not at all.
W: Thanks. I’ve just heard you study nutrition and you’ve got quite a lot of experience working in the cafeteria. So, I wonder if you are interested in a small project we are doing this term.
M: What is the project about?
W: More and more students prefer not to buy meals here and we want to attract them back. I want to know what the students would like to eat. Your job will be finding this out. Of course I’d also like to hear any of your ideas.
M: Well, if the menus were changed, maybe I wouldn’t have to listen to so much criticism this term. You know everyone in the nutrition class sees me when I serve food here. So they always complain to me about the food here.
W: That makes you perfect for the project. Would you be interested?
M: I’m not sure. What sort of changes are you thinking of?
W: We’d like to make some changes in the way we prepare the food and we want to give students more choices. Do you think that will appeal to the students?
M: Well, you’re right. You’d better find out what they think. Oh, sorry, I’ve got to go back to work now. I’ll drop in at your office later.
W: Ok, see you then.
Questions:
What are the two speakers mainly discussing?
What is the man’s current job in the cafeteria?
What does the woman want the man to do?
How does the man feel about the woman’s project?
【17题详解】
此为听力题，解析略。
【18题详解】
此为听力题，解析略。
【19题详解】
此为听力题，解析略。
【20题详解】
此为听力题，解析略。
II. Grammar and Vocabulary
Section A
Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.
New “Star Wars” Attractions Set to Open at Disney Theme Parks in 2019
The galaxy (银河系) that seems so far, far away just got a little closer.
On Tuesday, Disney announced “Star Wars: Galaxy’s Edge”, a highly ___21___ (expect) themed land under construction, would open in summer 2019 at California’s Disneyland and in late fall 2019 at Florida’s Disney World.
___22___ the announcement was made, officials had only said the new land would open soon.
No specific date ___23___ (announce) for the Disneyland opening. But if past summer openings are any indication, “Galaxy’s Edge” is expected to open in late June.
The additions will be Disney’s ___24___ (big) “single-themed land expansion” ever, according to Disney CEO Bob Iger. Each will be an expansive 14 acres (英亩). A copy of the Millennium Falcon spaceship, ___25___ guests will be able to pilot, will be a key attraction.
Galaxy’s Edge will immerse (使沉浸于) visitors in the Star Wars universe, ___26___ (transport) them to a never-before-seen Star Wars planet—a remote trading port largely ignored by warring people and one of the last stops before wild space. This planet is ___27___ Star Wars characters and their stories will come to life. It will feature two major attractions: ___28___ allowing guests to pilot the Millennium Falcon and the other dropping riders into the middle of a battle. The most advanced video techniques are expected to power each attraction.
Even as Galaxy’s Edge ___29___ (approach), Disneyland is making changes, both large and small, in advance. Recent projects have shifted queues for “Dumbo the Flying Elephant” and “It’s a Small World”. These are the efforts to improve traffic flows near the attractions. Similar changes have been made in Adventureland ___30___ (ease) congestion points. Work has started on a new luxury resort in Downtown Disney. Officials have closed Rainforest Café, ESPN Zone and AMC Theaters to make room.
【答案】21. expected
22. Until/Before
23. was announced
24. biggest
25. which 26. transporting
27. where 28. one
29. approaches/is approaching
30. to ease
【解析】
这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了迪士尼在周二宣布了备受期待的主题乐园《星球大战:银河边缘》将于2019年夏季在加州迪士尼乐园开放，并将于2019年秋季末在佛罗里达州迪士尼世界开放。
【21题详解】
考查形容词。句意：一座备受期待的主题乐园正在建设中。根据下文land为名词，此处需要形容词修饰，故填expected。
【22题详解】
考查连词。句意：在宣布这一消息之前，官方人员只是说这块新土地很快就会开放。此处指上文land under construction, would open in summer 2019 at California’s Disneyland and in late fall 2019 at Florida’s Disney World这一消息发布之前。故填Before或Until。
【23题详解】
考查被动语态。句意：迪士尼乐园的具体开放日期尚未公布。本句announce做谓语动词，与主语specific date构成被动语态，且动作发生在过去用一般过去时，故填was announced。
【24题详解】
考查形容词最高级。根据下文ever可知，本句应用形容词最高级，表示“有史以来最大的”，故填biggest。
【25题详解】
考查定语从句关系代词。句意：游客们将能够驾驶千年隼号宇宙飞船的复制品，这将是一个重要的吸引力。本句为非限定性定语从句修饰先行词a copy，先行词在从句中做宾语，指物，故用关系代词which。
【26题详解】
考查非谓语动词。本句已经存在谓语且句中没有连词，故transport只能做非谓语动词，且与逻辑主语构成主谓关系，故用现在分词transporting。
【27题详解】
考查表语从句连接词。句意：这颗星球是《星球大战》人物和他们的故事将会成真的地方。本句为表语从句，且从句中缺少地点状语，故填where。
【28题详解】
考查数词。句意：它将以两个主要景点为特色:一个允许游客驾驶千年隼，另一个让乘客在战斗中降落。根据上下文可知，此处表示泛指“一个”景点，故填one。
【29题详解】
考查动词时态。句意：就在Galaxy’s Edge即将到来之际，迪士尼乐园也在提前做出大大小小的改变。此处可用现在进行时表将来，主语为单数，故填is approaching；或一般现在时表客观事实，主语为单数，填approaches。
【30题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：类似的变化也发生在探险世界，以缓解拥堵点。本句已经存在谓语且句中没有连词，故ease只能做非谓语，表目的用不定式，故填to ease。
Section B
Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in each blank with a proper word given in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need.
Titanic II Could Sail as Soon as 2022
If you thought the long-delayed project to launch a full-size copy of the ill-fated Royal Mail Ship Titanic was sunk in the water—think again. Just like Celine Dion sang back in 1997, the travel project will “go on and on.”
Australian businessman and politician Clive Palmer, who is behind the ___31___, announced in September that work on the ship had started again. The idea was first floated in 2012. It is said that the new ship will be a(n) ___32___ copy of the infamous ship, which sank in 1912 following a crash with an iceberg (冰山).
To avoid a(n) ___33___ disaster, Titanic II will apparently be equipped with plenty of life boats, modern navigation (导航) and radar equipment. The first voyage, however, will take passengers from Dubai to New York, reports CruiseArabia, with the first sailing ___34___ to take place in 2022. Blue Star Line says the nine-decked ship will be home to 835 cabins, and 2,435 passengers will be ___35___. You’ll be able to buy first-, second- and third-class tickets—just like in the original.
Meanwhile tourists with plenty of money might soon have the chance to dive to the ___36___ of the original Titanic. American company OceanGate has planned diving trips for 2019, costing $105,129 per person.
Of course, the original Titanic voyage ended in ___37___, with over 1,500 people losing their lives. For many, voyages to the original ship are in bad taste. Steve Sims, founder of The Bluefish, said earlier in 2018 that he doesn’t see diving to the original one as ___38___.
Realistically, it’s ___39___ whether Titanic II will ever see the light of day—or whether the diving tours will happen soon. But one thing is for certain, more than 100 years after the Titanic’s first and only voyage, global interest in this ship shows no ___40___ of slowing down.
【答案】31. F 32. E
33. H 34. C
35. J 36. B
37. G 38. D
39. K 40. A
【解析】
这是一篇说明文。主要说明了澳大利亚商人兼政治家Clive Palmer提议打造泰坦尼克号全尺寸复制品，并计划在2022年进行第一次航行的事情。
【31题详解】
句意：澳大利亚商人兼政治家Clive Palmer是这一倡议的发起者，他在9月份宣布，这艘船的建造工作已经重新开始。此处指代上文中提到的“泰坦尼克号全尺寸复制品下水计划”这一“提议”，故选F。
【32题详解】
句意：据说这艘新船将与1912年因冰山撞击而沉没的那艘臭名昭著的船一模一样。根据第一段第一句a full-size copy of the ill-fated Royal Mail Ship Titanic可知这首新船是泰坦尼克号的全尺寸复制品，和它一模一样，故选E。
【33题详解】
句意：为了避免灾难重演，泰坦尼克2号显然将配备大量的救生艇、现代导航和雷达设备。根据下文be equipped with plenty of life boats, modern navigation (导航) and radar equipment可知是为了避免灾难“重演”，故选H。
【34题详解】
句意：然而，据Cruise Arabia报道，第一次航行将把乘客从迪拜带到纽约，第一次航行计划在2022年进行。schedule表示“安排；计划”故选C。
【35题详解】
句意：蓝星航空表示，这艘九层甲板的游轮将容纳835个客舱，2435名乘客。accommodate表示“容纳”，故选J。
【36题详解】
句意：与此同时，有钱的游客可能很快就有机会潜入泰坦尼克号的残骸中。泰坦尼克号已经沉没了，故游客只能潜入到它的“残骸”中，故选B。
【37题详解】
句意：当然，泰坦尼克号最初的航行以悲剧告终，超过1500人丧生。根据下文over 1,500 people losing their lives可知此处填名词tragedy，“悲剧；惨案”。故选G。
【38题详解】
句意：The Bluefish的创始人Steve Sims曾在2018年早些时候表示，他不认为潜水到最初的那个位置是不合适的。根据句意，需要填形容词inappropriate“不合适的”，故选D。
【39题详解】
句意：现实地说，目前还不清楚泰坦尼克2号是否会重见天日，潜水之旅是否会很快开始。根据下文whether…or…可知这两件事情还仍“不清楚”，故选K。
【40题详解】
句意：但有一件事是肯定的，在泰坦尼克号首次也是唯一一次航行100多年后，全球对这艘船的兴趣丝毫没有减弱的迹象。根据上文提到的人们提出打造泰坦尼克号复制品的提议可知，人们对这艘船的兴趣没有减弱的“迹象”。故选A。
III. Reading Comprehension
Section A
Directions: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.
Lying in a Foreign Language Is Easier
Most people don’t find it more difficult to lie in a foreign language than in their native tongue. However, things are different when telling the truth: This is clearly more difficult for many people in a foreign language than in their native one.
This ___41___ conclusion is the result of a study conducted by two psychologists from the University of Würzburg: Kristina Suchotzki and Matthias Gamer. The two scientists presented their___42___ in Journal of Experimental Psychology.
Their findings could be important for a lot of processes in which the trustworthiness of certain people must be ___43___. In such situations, reports by non-native speakers tend to be considered as less___44___ even though they may be truthful. Their discovery also explains another ___45___, namely that people communicating in a foreign language are generally considered as less trustworthy.
There are two research ___46___ to predict differences between deception and truth telling in a native compared to a second language.
Research from cognitive (认知的) load theory suggests that lying is more difficult in a foreign language. “Compared to truth telling, lying is a cognitively more ___47___ task,” Kristina Suchotzki explains. Adding a foreign language imposes an additional cognitive ___48___ which makes lying even more difficult.
Lying is easier in a foreign language: This should be true according to the emotional distance hypothesis (假设). This assumption is based on the fact that lying is ___49___ more emotions than staying with the truth. Liars have higher stress levels and are more tense. Research shows that compared to speaking in a native language, communicating in a second language is less ___50___arousing. Accordingly, this ___51___ emotional arousal would promote lying.
To settle this question, the Würzburg psychologists conducted a number of experiments in which up to 50 test persons had to complete specific tasks. They were asked to answer a number of questions—sometimes ___52___ and sometimes deceptively both in their native language and in a foreign language. Some questions were ___53___; other questions were clearly emotional.
The results show that it usually takes longer to answer emotional questions. Answers in the foreign language also take longer. And generally, it takes longer to tell a lie than to tell the truth. However, the time differences between deceptive and truthful answers are less ___54___ in a second language than in the native language.
The data suggest that the increased cognitive effort is responsible for the prolongation (延长) of the truth ___55___ in the foreign language. The reason why this prolongation almost does not exist in lying can be explained with the emotional distance hypothesis: The greater emotional distance in a foreign language thus “cancels out” the higher cognitive load when lying.
41. A. similar B. unexpected C. disappointing D. inevitable
42. A. insights B. principles C. expectations D. justifications
43. A. classified B. substituted C. modified D. evaluated
44. A. accurate B. believable C. sensitive D. informative
45. A. reason B. difference C. origin D. phenomenon
46. A. results B. methods C. theories D. questions
47. A. inviting B. embarrassing C. rewarding D. demanding
48. A. challenge B. perspective C. strategy D. context
49. A. aimed at B. prepared for C. associated with D. applied to
50. A. emotionally B. alternatively C. fundamentally D. suspiciously
51. A. advanced B. reduced C. adapted D. altered
52. A. directly B. confidently C. truthfully D. initially
53. A. tough B. concrete C. irrelevant D. neutral
54. A. appealing B. obvious C. important D. reasonable
55. A. claim B. element C. commission D. response
【答案】41. B 42. A 43. D 44. B 45. D 46. C 47. D 48. A 49. C 50. A 51. B 52. C 53. D 54. B 55. D
【解析】
这是一篇说明文。大多数人并不觉得用外语说谎比用母语更难。然而，说真话的时候情况就不一样了:对很多人来说，说外语显然比说母语更难。有两种研究理论可以预测母语和第二语言在欺骗和说实话方面的差异。
【41题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。A. similar相似的；B. unexpected意外的；C. disappointing失望的；D. inevitable必然的。根据上文However, things are different when telling the truth可知下文中得出的结论是“意外的”，故选B。
【42题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。A. insights见解；B. principles原则；C. expectations期待；D. justifications理由。句意：两位科学家在《实验心理学杂志》上发表了他们的见解。故选A。
【43题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。A. classified分类；B. substituted代替；C. modified改进；D. evaluated评估。句意：必须评估某些人的可信度。trustworthy与evaluate“评估”相搭配，故选D。
【44题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。A. accurate精确的；B. believable可信的；C. sensitive敏感的；D. informative教育性的。句意：在这种情况下，非母语人士的报告往往被认为不可信，即使他们可能是真实的。less believable表示“不可信的”，故选B。
【45题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。A. reason理由；B. difference差异；C. origin起源；D. phenomenon现象。句意：他们的发现也解释了另一种现象，即用外语交流的人通常被认为不那么值得信任。故选D。
【46题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。A. results结果；B. methods方法；C. theories理论；D. questions问题。句意：有两种研究理论可以预测母语和第二语言在欺骗和说实话方面的差异。此处表示“研究理论”故选C。
【47题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。A. inviting诱人的；B. embarrassing尴尬的；C. rewarding有益的；D. demanding苛求的。根据上文lying is more difficult in a foreign language可知本句中“说谎是一项认知上要求更高的任务”，表示“要求高的；苛求的”故选D。
【48题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。A. challenge挑战；B. perspective观点；C. strategy战略；D. context环境。句意：增加一门外语会带来额外的认知挑战，这使得说谎变得更加困难。故选A。
【49题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。A. aimed at针对；B. prepared for准备；C. associated with与……有联系；D. applied to适用于。句意：这个假设是基于这样一个事实，即说谎与更多的情感有关，而不是与真相有关。表示“与……有关；有联系”故选C。
【50题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。A. emotionally感情上；B. alternatively非此即彼；C. fundamentally根本地；D. suspiciously怀疑地。句意：研究表明，与用母语交谈相比，用第二语言交流在情感上更缺乏激情。故选A。
【51题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。A. advanced先进的；B. reduced减少的；C. adapted适合的；D. altered改变了的。根据上文less emotionally arousing可知这是一种减少的情绪唤起，故选B。
【52题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。A. directly直接地；B. confidently自信地；C. truthfully诚实地；D. initially最初。本空与下文sometimes deceptively（偶尔撒谎）形成一组反义词并列，故选C。
【53题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。A. tough艰难的；B. concrete实在的；具体的；C. irrelevant不相干的；D. neutral中立的。句意：有些问题是中性的；其他问题显然很情绪化。故选D。
【54题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。A. appealing吸引人的；B. obvious明显的；C. important重要的；D. reasonable合理的。句意：然而，欺骗性答案和真实答案之间的时间差在第二语言中并不像在母语中那么明显。故选B。
【55题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。A. claim要求；B. element元素；C. commission委员会；D. response响应。句意：数据表明，认知负荷的增加是因为用外语说真话耗时长。故选D。
Section B
Directions: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.
(A)
In a career that lasted more than half a century, Tom Wolfe wrote fiction and nonfiction best-sellers including The Electric Kool-Aid Acid Test and The Bonfire of the Vanities. Along the way, he created a new type of journalism and coined phrases that became part of the American vocabulary.
Wolfe began working as a newspaper reporter, first for The Washington Post, then the New York Herald Tribune. He developed a literary style in nonfiction that became known as the “New Journalism.” “I’ve always agreed on a theoretical level that the techniques for fiction and nonfiction are interchangeable,” he said. “The things that work in nonfiction would work in fiction, and vice versa.”
“When Tom Wolfe’s voice broke into the world of nonfiction, it was a time when a lot of writers, and a lot of artists in general, were turning inwards,” says Lev Grossman, book critic for Time magazine. “Wolfe didn’t do that. Wolfe turned outwards. He was a guy who was interested in other people.” Wolfe was interested in how they thought, how they did things and how the things they did affected the world around them.
In 1979, Wolfe published The Right Stuff, an account of the military test pilots who became America’s first astronauts. Four years later, the book was adapted as a feature film. “The Right Stuff was the book for me,” says Grossman. “It reminded me, in case I’d forgotten, that the world is an incredible place.”
In The Right Stuff, Wolfe popularized the phrase “pushing the envelope.” In a New York magazine article, Wolfe described the 1970s as “The ‘Me’ Decade.” Grossman says these phrases became part of the American idiom because they were accurate.
“He was an enormously forceful observer, and he was not afraid of making strong claims about what was happening in reality,” Grossman says. “He did it well and people heard him. And they repeated what he said because he was right.” All those words started a revolution in nonfiction that is still going on.
56. The “New Journalism” is a style of journalism that .
A. changes its news writing techniques frequently
B. popularizes new American idioms in a literary way
C. combines novelistic techniques with traditional reporting
D. reports various news events from a theoretical perspective
57. It can be learned from the passage that The Right Stuff .
A. is a film directed by Lev Grossman B. is an influential book by Tom Wolfe
C. accounts for popular American phrases D. deals with incredible places in the world
58. According to the passage, Tom Wolfe .
A. was good at reporting news from a realistic perspective
B. preferred making claims about events to writing books
C. was fond of commenting on other people’s thoughts
D. liked analyzing social problems from the outside
59. Which of the following is the best title for the passage?
A. Tom Wolfe: A Professional Phrase Coiner
B. Tom Wolfe: A Forceful Observer and Novelist
C. Tom Wolfe: A Theoretical Creator in Literature
D. Tom Wolfe: An Innovative Journalist and Writer
【答案】56. C 57. B 58. A 59. D
【解析】
这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了Tom Wolfe，一位富有创新的记者和作家。他将小说技巧与传统报道相结合创造出了一种非虚构文学风格，被称为“新新闻”。
【56题详解】
推理判断题。第二段中He developed a literary style in nonfiction that became known as the “New Journalism.” “I’ve always agreed on a theoretical level that the techniques for fiction and nonfiction are interchangeable,”可知他将小说和非小说的技巧结合形成了一种新的文体。即“新新闻”是一种将小说手法与传统报道相结合的新闻文体，故选C。
【57题详解】
细节理解题。倒数第二段第一、二句In The Right Stuff, Wolfe popularized the phrase “pushing the envelope.” In a New York magazine article, Wolfe described the 1970s as “The ‘Me’ Decade.”可知在The Right Stuff书中，Wolfe普及了短语“推信封”。在纽约杂志的一篇文章中，Wolfe将20世纪70年代描述为“自我”的十年。即可知The Right Stuff是Tom Wolfe写的一本很有影响力的书，故选B。
【58题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段第一句“He was an enormously forceful observer, and he was not afraid of making strong claims about what was happening in reality,”可知Tom Wolfe是一个非常有说服力的观察者，他不害怕对现实中正在发生的事情做出强有力的断言。即Tom Wolfe善于从现实的角度报道新闻，故选A。
【59题详解】
主旨大意题。根据文章主要内容为介绍了发明了“新新闻”文体的Tom Wolfe，他是一位创新的记者和作家。故选D。
(B)
Important facts about ELIQUIS® (apixaban)
This is a summary of important information that you need to know about ELIQUIS. Keep this document in a safe place, so you can refer to it before and during your treatment.
Look out for the following signs as you read:
Do not stop taking ELIQUIS without talking to the doctor who prescribed (开处方) it to you.
Talk to your healthcare team before any medical procedures. ELIQUIS may need to be stopped before surgery, or a medical or dental procedure. Your doctor will tell you when you should stop taking ELIQUIS and when you may start taking it again. If you have to stop taking ELIQUIS, your doctor may prescribe another medicine to help prevent a blood clot from forming.
What is the possible serious side effect of ELIQUIS?
ELIQUIS can cause bleeding, which can be serious, and rarely may lead to death. This is because ELIQUIS is a blood thinner medicine that reduces blood clotting. While taking ELIQUIS, you may hurt more easily and it may take longer than usual for any bleeding to stop.
Call your doctor or get medical help right away if you have any symptoms of bleeding when taking ELIQUIS.
Who should not take ELIQUIS?
ELIQUIS is not for patients who:
Have artificial heart valves (瓣膜). Currently have certain types of abnormal bleeding. Have had a serious allergic (过敏的) reaction to ELIQUIS.
What should I discuss with my healthcare team before starting ELIQUIS?
Talk to your healthcare team about the following:
Liver problems any other medical conditions If you have ever had bleeding problems.
Tell your doctor if you are pregnant or breastfeeding, or planning to become pregnant or breastfeed. You and your doctor should decide whether you will take ELIQUIS or breastfeed. You should not do both.
Tell your healthcare team about all of the medicines you are taking.
60. The important facts about ELIQUIS are mainly intended for .
A. drugstores B. patients C. pregnant women D. healthcare teams
61. It can be inferred from the facts that a blood clot forms .
A. when allergic reaction appears B. when bleeding grows abnormal
C. when blood pressure drops D. when blood becomes thicker
62. What can be inferred about ELIQUIS from the facts?
A. It can be harmful to babies. B. It can’t be taken with any other medicines.
C. It shouldn’t be taken after a surgery. D. It may increase the risk of having dental problems.
【答案】60. B 61. D 62. A
【解析】
这是一篇说明文。文章是一篇关于一种叫做ELIQUIS的血液稀释剂的服用重要事项说明。
【60题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段Do not stop taking ELIQUIS without talking to the doctor who prescribed (开处方) it to you.可知在没有告知给你开处方的医生前，不要停止服用ELIQUIS。即关于ELIQUIS的重要事项是主要针对病人的。故选B。
【61题详解】
推理判断题。第六段第二句This is because ELIQUIS is a blood thinner medicine that reduces blood clotting.可知ELIQUIS是一种血液稀释剂，可以减少血液凝固。即可推理当血液浓稠的时候，血栓就会形成。故选D。
【62题详解】
细节理解题。倒数第二段第一、二句Tell your doctor if you are pregnant or breastfeeding, or planning to become pregnant or breastfeed. You and your doctor should decide whether you will take ELIQUIS or breastfeed.可知如果你怀孕或哺乳，或计划怀孕或哺乳，请告诉你的医生。你和你的医生应该决定是服用ELIQUIS还是母乳喂养。可推理ELIQUIS对婴儿是有危害的。故选A。
(C)
The Earth is facing a climate crisis, but it’s also getting greener and leafier. According to new research, the rise is largely due to China and India.
A study by National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA), based on extensive satellite photographs and published in the journal Nature Sustainability, has revealed that the two countries with the world’s biggest populations are also responsible for the largest increase in greenness.
Since 2000, the planet’s green leaf area has increased by 5 percent, or over 2 million square miles. That’s an area equivalent to the sum total of the Amazon rainforests, NASA says. But researchers stressed that the new greenery does not neutralize deforestation and its negative impacts on ecosystems elsewhere.
A third of the leaf increase is thanks to China and India, due to the implementation of major tree-planting projects alongside a vast increase in agriculture.
Using the data from a NASA sensor, researchers discovered that China is the source of a quarter of the increase in green leaf area, despite possessing only 6.6 percent of the world’s vegetated area (植被区). Forests account for 42 percent of that increase, while croplands make up a further 32 percent. China’s increase in forest area is the result of forest preservation and expansion programs, NASA said, established to fight against the impacts of climate change, air pollution and soil erosion (水土流失). India has contributed a further 6.8 percent rise in green leaf area, with 82 percent from croplands and 4.4 percent from forests.
Rama Nemani, a co-author of the study and a researcher at NASA’s Ames Research Center, said in a statement, “When the greening of the Earth was first observed, we thought it was due to a warmer, wetter climate and fertilization from the added carbon dioxide in the atmosphere, leading to more leaf growth in northern forests, for instance.” “Now, with the data that lets us understand the phenomenon at really small scales, we see that humans are also contributing,” Nemani said. “This will help scientists make better predictions about the behavior of different Earth systems, which will help countries make better decisions about how and when to take action.”
Thomas Pugh, a professor at the University of Birmingham’s School of Geography, Earth and Environmental Sciences, said the NASA report expands scientists’ understanding of the causes behind global greening. But he also cautioned that a direct line cannot be drawn between an increase in global greening and a decrease in negative impacts of climate change.
63. The passage mainly tells us that .
A. China and India have the world’s largest green leaf areas
B. China and India are the lead role players in global greening
C. our planet is experiencing a climate crisis despite human efforts
D. our planet is getting greener due to the joint efforts of the world
64. What can be learned about China and India?
A. The area of croplands in India is larger than that in China.
B. India’s rise in leaf area is largely due to its forestry program.
C. They both show a greater increase in forests than in croplands.
D. China boasts twenty-five percent of the global rise in leaf area.
65. According to Rama Nemani, their new findings are .
A. unexpected but significant B. surprising but valueless
C. predictable but disappointing D. uncontrollable but inspiring
66. What can be inferred from the passage?
A. There is an indirect link between global greening and climate change.
B. The new greenery does not have any positive effect on the global climate.
C. The gain in greenness does not make up for the damage from loss of leaf area.
D. The increase in greening reduces the deforestation rate and its impact globally.
【答案】63. B 64. D 65. A 66. C
【解析】
这是一篇说明文。地球正面临着气候危机，但它也变得越来越绿色和枝繁叶茂。根据最新研究，这一增长主要归功于中国和印度。文章同时介绍了中国和印度在这一增长中的具体体现。
【63题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段The Earth is facing a climate crisis, but it’s also getting greener and leafier. According to new research, the rise is largely due to China and India.可知地球正面临着气候危机，但它也变得越来越绿色和叶子。根据最新研究，这一增长主要归功于中国和印度。即中国和印度是全球绿化主导角色，故选B。
【64题详解】
推理判断题。第四段第一句China is the source of a quarter of the increase in green leaf area可知中国的绿叶面积增长了四分之一，即中国拥有全球25%的叶面积增长。故选D。
【65题详解】
细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“When the greening of the Earth was first observed, we thought it was due to a warmer, wetter climate and fertilization from the added carbon dioxide in the atmosphere, leading to more leaf growth in northern forests, for instance.” “Now, with the data that lets us understand the phenomenon at really small scales, we see that humans are also contributing,” Nemani said.可知最初Nemani第一次观察到地球变绿时，他们认为这是由于气候变暖、变湿，以及大气中二氧化碳的增加，而下文提到“现在，有了这些数据，我们可以在非常小的范围内理解这种现象，我们发现人类也在做出贡献。”，即这一项新发现是“没有预料到的；出乎意料之外”的；再根据本段最后一句This will help scientists make better predictions about the behavior of different Earth systems, which will help countries make better decisions about how and when to take action.可知Rama Nemani认为这一新发现将帮助科学家更好地预测不同地球系统的动向，将帮助各国更好地决定如何以及何时采取行动。即这项新发现是有意义的，故选A。
【66题详解】
推理判断题。最后一段最后一句But he also cautioned that a direct line cannot be drawn between an increase in global greening and a decrease in negative impacts of climate change.可知全球绿化的增加和气候变化负面影响的减少之间并不能直接区分开，即绿度的增加不能弥补绿叶面积的损失。故选C。
Section C
Directions: Read the following passage. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need.
Screen Time: How Much Is Too Much?
Many children spend a lot of time watching or playing with electronic media—from televisions to video games, computers and other devices. ___67___ Perhaps parents now should ease up on their concerns about screen time, at least for older boys and girls.
Until last year, the American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP) suggested that children and teenagers have no more than two hours of screen time a day. It also suggests that parents balance a child’s screen time with other activities.
___68___ Christopher Ferguson, who teaches psychology at Stetson University in Florida, notes a lack of evidence supporting reports that too many hours spent playing video games or watching TV is truly harmful.
Ferguson seems interested in one idea: the link between video games and violent or risky behavior. When he saw results from a recent British survey on screen time, he wanted to know more. The British study found a small negative effect—about a one percent increase—in aggression and depression among children who had six or more hours of screen time a day. ___69___ So, Ferguson and his team examined answers from a survey on risky behaviors. The study involved about 6,000 boys and girls in Florida, whose average age was 16.
Data from this survey found that American children are also fairly resistant to the negative effects of electronic media. Among those who used screens up to six hours a day, the survey found: a 0.5 percent increase in criminal behavior; a 1.7 percent increase in signs of depression; and a 1.2 percent negative effect on school grades. ___70___ To further argue his point that screen time is not harmful, Ferguson adds that children should become familiar with screen technology. Electronic devices, he says, are a part of our everyday lives.
A. Some negative experiences on social media can and do affect some children.
B. However, some experts question claims that too much screen time is harmful.
C. He wanted to see if there was a similar effect among young people in the United States.
D. So, it is natural that parents should wonder about all the time children spend looking at a screen.
E. The researchers found no increase in risky sex or driving behaviors, use of illegal substances or eating disorders.
F. The researchers suggested that for those children, technology use might get in the way of taking part in other important activities.
【答案】67. D 68. B
69. C 70. E
【解析】
这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述的是许多孩子花很多时间看或玩电子媒体——从电视到电子游戏、电脑和其他设备。美国儿科学会建议儿童和青少年每天看屏幕的时间不超过两个小时。一些专家质疑过多的屏幕时间是有害的，Stetson 大学心理学教授Christopher Ferguson指出，没有证据支持长时间玩电子游戏或看电视确实有害的说法。
【67题详解】
根据上文Many children spend a lot of time watching or playing with electronic media—from televisions to video games, computers and other devices.可知许多孩子花很多时间看或玩电子媒体——从电视到电子游戏、电脑和其他设备。再根据后文parents now should ease up on their concerns about screen time, at least for older boys and girls.提到了父母对孩子长时间看电子产品的看法，可知本空是提出父母对孩子花在看屏幕上的时间感到好奇是很自然的。故选D。
【68题详解】
根据下文Christopher Ferguson, who teaches psychology at Stetson University in Florida, notes a lack of evidence supporting reports that too many hours spent playing video games or watching TV is truly harmful.（Stetson 大学心理学教授Christopher Ferguson指出，没有证据支持长时间玩电子游戏或看电视确实有害说法。）因此可推测上文是提出“一些专家质疑过多的屏幕时间是有害的”，故选B。
【69题详解】
上文The British study found a small negative effect—about a one percent increase—in aggression and depression among children who had six or more hours of screen time a day.中提到一项英国研究发现，在每天看电视时间超过6小时的儿童中，攻击性和抑郁会有一个小的负面影响——大约增加1%。因此他想看看在美国的年轻人中是否也有类似的影响。故选C。
【70题详解】
根据上文Among those who used screens up to six hours a day, the survey found: a 0.5 percent increase in criminal behavior; a 1.7 percent increase in signs of depression; and a 1.2 percent negative effect on school grades. 调查发现，在每天使用屏幕长达6小时的人群中，犯罪行为增加了0.5%；抑郁症的症状增加了1.7%;以及1.2%对学习成绩的负面影响。即下文继续列举长时间看屏幕对其他犯罪行为的影响，故E选项：研究人员发现，危险的性行为、驾驶行为、使用非法药物或饮食失调的情况没有增加。符合题意，故选E。
IV. Summary Writing
71.Directions: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.
Fujian Puppetry (木偶剧) in Need of Urgent Safeguarding
As one of the contributions of Chinese performing art to the world’s cultural heritage (遗产), Fujian puppetry has a long history. It has developed a set of characteristic techniques of performance and puppet making, as well as plays and music.
No final conclusions have yet been reached on the origins and evolution of Chinese puppetry. Dating from Shang dynasty, pottery figurines (陶俑) used as burial objects have been discovered at the Yin Ruins. In a Western Han tomb at Mawangdui in Changsha, Hunan Province, a number of wooden figurines have been unearthed. These were a great improvement on those from previous dynasties in terms of craftsmanship, variety and modeling. Over time, figurines as burial objects evolved into puppets for entertainment on festive occasions.
Chinese puppetry further developed during the Ming and Qing dynasties, with a bunch of schools spreading across the country. Puppet shows from various places had their own characteristics in terms of figure modeling.
In the past few decades, many traditional forms of art have seen a decline in popularity. In particular, Fujian puppetry finds itself in hot water. The number of young people learning puppetry has decreased due to socioeconomic changes to their lifestyles. The long period of training required to master the complicated performing techniques has also been a factor in the fall.
In response, concerned communities, groups and bearers laid down the 2008-2020 Strategy for the Training of Coming Generations of Fujian Puppetry Practitioners. The key objectives are to safeguard the promotion of Fujian Puppetry and to increase its sustainability through professional training to cultivate a new generation of puppetry practitioners; creation of teaching materials; construction of training institutes and exhibition halls; regional and international cooperation; and artistic exchange.
In 2012, the strategy was added to the Register of Good Safeguarding Practices by the UNESCO. With great efforts made by practitioners, local people and education institutions, Fujian Puppetry can expect a brighter future.
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】Fujian puppetry, a performing art, is a cultural heritage with a long history that may have originated from burial objects. However, it has become less popular these decades because of fewer young learners and the difficulty in mastering its techniques. Luckily, some people and organizations have realized its value and are making joint efforts to save it, including UNESCO.
【解析】
【分析】
这是一篇概要写作。
【详解】写作步骤
1）细读原文。首先要仔细阅读短文，掌握文章主旨。文章介绍了福建木偶戏作为中国表演艺术对世界文化遗产的贡献之一，有着悠久的历史。而在过去的几十年里，许多传统艺术形式的受欢迎程度有所下降。幸运的是，包括联合国教科文组织在内的一些人士和组织认识到了它的价值，正在共同努力拯救它。
2）弄清结构，归纳段意。概要写作是写全文概要，不是写某一部分的概要，或者就某些问题写出要点。因此一定要弄清文章结构，归纳文章各段大意。本文第一、二、三段详细描写福建木偶戏起源和演变的部分，可删繁就简，总结概括为一句话；第四段提出在过去的几十年中，木偶戏面临的问题是：受欢迎程度下降，面临失传；第五、六段为人们意识到它的价值而采取的拯救措施。
3）列出原文要点。分析原文的内容和结构，将内容分项扼要表述并注意在结构上的顺序。在此基础上选出与文章主题密切相关的部分。本文中要点有三：第一，介绍福建木偶戏；第二，木偶戏目前面临的问题；第三，对此人们采取的措施。
4）在写作时要特别注意下面几点：
（1）概要应包括原文中的主要事实，略去不必要的细节。
（2）安排好篇幅的比例，概要应同原文保持协调，即用较多的文字写重要内容，用较少的文字写次要内容。
（3）注意要点之间衔接，要用适当的关联词语贯通全文，切忌只简单地写出一些互不相干的句子，但也不要每两句之间都加关联词语，以免显得生硬。
（4）不排斥用原文的某些词句，但不要照搬原文的句子，如果不能完全用自己的话语表达，至少对原文句子做一些同义词替换，如果结构上也能有一些转换会更好。
（5）计算词数，看是否符合规定的词数要求。
【点睛】范文内容完整，语言规范，语篇连贯，词数适当。作者在范文中使用了较多高级表达方式，如Fujian puppetry, a performing art, is a cultural heritage with a long history that may have originated from burial objects. 运用了定语从句。However, it has become less popular these decades because of fewer young learners and the difficulty in mastering its techniques. because of短语。全文中没有中国式英语的句式，显示了很高的驾驭英语的能力。另外，文章思路清晰、层次分明，上下句转换自然，为文章增色添彩。
V. Translation
Directions: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.
72. 开展研究之前，你必须进行可行性分析。(It)
____________________________
73. 只有经常与最初的目标对照，你才能确保最终获得成功。(Only)
____________________________
74. 听书是否会打消孩子自己去读这本书的积极性还没有定论。(discourage)
____________________________
75. 正当医生们面对缺少稀有血一筹莫展时，一个病人家属主动提出了献血。(idea)
____________________________
【答案】72. It’s a must for you to analyze its feasibility before conducting a research.
73. Only by checking the initial goal frequently, can you make sure that success is achieved finally.
74. Whether listening to a book will discourage children from reading it on their own remains an open question.
75. Just when the doctors had no idea what to do with the lack of rare blood, a family member of a patient offered to donate his/her blood.
【解析】
考查重点句型短语翻译。
【72题详解】
句型It’s a must for sb to do sth.“某人必须做某事”；feasibility译为“可行性；可能”；故译为It’s a must for you to analyze its feasibility before conducting a research.。
【73题详解】
本句考查当“only＋状语”位于句首时，其后习惯上要用部分倒装；the initial goal“最初的目标”；故译为Only by checking the initial goal frequently, can you make sure that success is achieved finally.。
【74题详解】
本句需要运用到主语从句，根据句意连接词需要选用whether，表示“是否”；同时考查动词discourage“阻止；使气馁”，译为Whether listening to a book will discourage children from reading it on their own remains an open question.。
【75题详解】
短语have no idea“不清楚；不知道；一筹莫展”；本句为when引导的时间状语从句，故译为Just when the doctors had no idea what to do with the lack of rare blood, a family member of a patient offered to donate his/her blood.。
VI. Guided Writing
76.Directions: Write an English composition in 120-150 words according to the instructions given below in Chinese.
假设你是中华中学的高三学生李敏，前几天收到远在英国的朋友Sandy的邮件，Sandy知道你即将高中毕业，给你写邮件，询问你高中毕业后的打算，想知道你毕业后准备在国内高等学校继续学习呢，还是计划出国深造，或者直接开始工作，甚或还有其他打算。你现给Sandy回复邮件，内容包括:你高中毕业后的具体打算；你这样打算的理由。
注:文中不得提及你的真实姓名或学校。
__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】Dear Sandy,
I'm so glad to hear from you. Yes, like you said, I have been longing for the graduation of high school, during which I can do a lot of amazing things.
After the high school time, I would like to go to the university for my further study, which lasts about 4 years and will undoubtedly be my last school-time. Therefore, I'd like to make it as meaningful as possible.
College is an important milestone in my life, so I plan to support myself through college all by myself. I'll begin with a part-time job at McDonalds, which will also be a great chance to meet many interesting people and learn about society.
With the money earned, I'll enroll in a driving course and try to get my driver's license. How exciting that will be! Another thing I'm anticipating is to teach little kids English in my community as a volunteer teacher. You know teaching has been my dream job.
Pretty exciting, huh? What are your plans for this summer? Looking forward to hearing from you soon.
Yours,
Li Ming
【解析】
【分析】
这是一篇应用文写作。
【详解】第1步：根据提示可知，本篇为一封邮件；假设你是中华中学的高三学生李敏，前几天收到远在英国的朋友Sandy的邮件，Sandy知道你即将高中毕业，给你写邮件，询问你高中毕业后的打算，想知道你毕业后准备在国内高等学校继续学习呢，还是计划出国深造，或者直接开始工作，甚或还有其他打算。你现给Sandy回复邮件，内容包括:你高中毕业后的具体打算；你这样打算的理由。
第2步：根据写作要求，确定关键词（组），如：be long for（盼望），further study（深造），milestone（里程碑），learn about（了解）等。
第3步：根据提示及关键词（组）进行遣词造句，注意主谓一致和时态问题。
第4步：连句成文，注意使用恰当的连词进行句子之间的衔接与过渡，书写一定要规范清晰，保持整洁美观的卷面是非常重要的。
本文内容完整，语言规范，语篇连贯，词数适当。另外全文中没有中国式英语的句式，显示了很高的驾驭英语的能力。
【点睛】范文内容完整，语言规范，语篇连贯，词数适当。作者在范文中使用了较多高级表达方式，如I have been longing for the graduation of high school, during which I can do a lot of amazing things. 运用了定语从句。With the money earned, I'll enroll in a driving course and try to get my driver's license. with的复合结构。全文中没有中国式英语的句式，显示了很高的驾驭英语的能力。另外，文章思路清晰、层次分明，上下句转换自然，为文章增色添彩。
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