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山东省聊城市2020届高三高考模拟（一）英语试题
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2020年聊城市高考模拟试题
英语（一）
本试卷分三部分，共10页。满分120分。考试用时100分钟。
注意事项：
1. 答题前，考生务必将自己的姓名、考生号等填写在答题卡和试卷指定位置上。
2. 回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。
3. 考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。
第一部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
Which book you should read is based on your next travel destination.
As you’re traveling around Amsterdam, read “The Fault in Our Stars”.
Previously adapted into a film in 2014, John Greens story of star-crossed teenagers famously includes a trip to Amsterdam. The Anne Frank House and The Rijksmuseum are two of many major destinations mentioned in the book. Plus, the bench from the film adaption of this novel has even become its own tourist spot.
“The Elegance of the Hedgehog” is excellent reading for a trip to Paris.
Before wandering down the Champs-lysées, open Muriel Barbery’s novel for a delightful peek into the lives of wealthy Parisians. Set in an upscale French, apartment building, the story follows two totally different people who discover they are kindred souls.
Bring “One Hundred Years of Solitude” to read in South America.
A significant work of literature, Gabriel García Márquez’s classic follows generations of the Buendía family as they live in their South-American town. García Márquez’s magical realism paired with his lush descriptions makes the book a perfect read for visiting some of the breathtaking sights of South America.
“Call Me by Your Name” by André Aciman should perhaps be read in the summertime, in Italy.
André Aciman’s novel is said to take place in the Northern-Italian seaside region of Liguria. And if you’ve seen the 2017 coming-of-age film adaptation of the book, you’ll already know the story describes beautiful summers in Northern Italy, complete with seaside encounters and lush greenery.
If you’re visiting New York City, enter the mind of Holden Caulfield.
“The Catcher in the Rye” is a classic tale of a lost teenager’s unplanned trip to New York City. In the JD-Salinger novel, Holden visits a nightclub in the East Village, goes ice skating in Rockefeller Center, and takes his sister to the Central Park Zoo.
1. Which book was adapted into a film in 2017?
A. The Fault in Our Stars. B. The Elegance of the Hedgehog.
C. One hundred Years of solitude. D. Call Me by Your Name.
2. Which of the following best explains the underlined word “kindred”?
A. Powerful. B. Similar.
C. Gentle. D. friendly.
3. What does the book “The Catcher in the Rye” mainly talk about?
A. Star-crossed teenagers trip to Amsterdam.
B. A teenager’s unintended trip to New York City.
C. Seaside encounters in beautiful summers in Northern Italy.
D. The life of generations of the Buendia family in South-American town.
【答案】1. D 2. B 3. B
【解析】
【分析】
本文是应用文， 介绍了几本与旅游目的地相关的文学小说。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据第四个小标题“‘Call Me by Your Name’by André Aciman should perhaps be read in the summertime, in Italy.”部分中“if you’ve seen the 2017 coming-of-age film adaptation of the book, you’ll already know the story describes beautiful summers in Northern Italy, complete with seaside encounters and lush greenery. （如果你看过2017年由这本书改编的青春片，你就会知道这个故事描述了意大利北部美丽的夏天，还有海边的邂逅和茂盛的植被。）”可知，小说《请以你的名字呼唤我》于2017年改编成电影。故选D项。
【2题详解】
词句猜测题。根据第二个小标题“The Elegance of the Hedgehog” is excellent reading for a trip to Paris. ”部分中，划线词所在的句子“who discover they are kindred souls. ”是定语从句，修饰先行词“ two totally different people”，可以推测kindred与two totally different语义相关，意思为“类似的，相似的”。故选B项。
【3题详解】
细节理解题。根据第五个小标题“If you’re visiting New York City, enter the mind of Holden Caulfield. ”部分中“‘The Catcher in the Rye’ is a classic tale of a lost teenager’s unplanned trip to New York City.”可知，《麦田里的守望者》是一个经典的故事，讲述了一个迷路的少年意外的纽约之旅。故选B项。
【点睛】阅读理解中词义猜测技巧
1.根据下定义、定语从句、同位语或破折号对所修饰的词的解释说明猜测生词的词义。如：
（1）Here is The Pines ,whose cook has developed a special way of mixing foreign food such as caribou ,wild boar ,and reindeer with surprising sauces .
分析：通过whose引导的定语从句，可以推测The Pines 是一家餐馆的名字。
（2）This terrible tornado—a wind which went round and round as fast as 500 miles an hour and picked up everything in its path, such as large trees, cars and even houses.
分析：根据破折号后面的句意，可以猜测出tornado意思是“龙卷风”。
（3）Some good readers find it helpful to use their sense to visualize — or picture — what they read.
分析：根据破折号后的词picture的解释，可以推测visualize的意思为“想象”。
如本题第2小题，根据划线词所在的句子“who discover they are kindred souls. ”，是一个定语从句，修饰先行词“ two totally different people”，因此可以推测kindred与two totally different语义相关，意思为“类似的，相似的”。故选B项。
B
Australia’s Prime Minister Scott Morrison has expressed regret over his handling of the bushfire crisis damaging the country. The PM has faced mounting criticism over his government’s response to the bushfires and its climate policy.
Since September, bushfires have killed at least 28 people and destroyed thousands of homes. Mr Morrison’s government has been accused of not doing enough to address climate change, which experts say could increase the intensity, frequency and scale of bushfires.
But in the interview, the PM defended his government’s approach, which he said took into account the effect of climate change on the bushfires.
Each year there is a fire season during the Australian summer, with hot, dry weather making it easy for blazes (火焰) to start and spread. Natural causes are to blame most of the time, like lightning strikes in drought-affected forests. Humans can also be to blame. NSW police have charged at least 24 people with deliberately starting bushfires, and have taken legal action against 183 people for fire-related offenses since November, according to a police statement.
Bushfire conditions eased on Saturday, giving firefighters a temporary short break in areas where blazes are still raging. But authorities have warned that the huge fires, spurred by high temperatures, wind and a three-year drought, will persist until there is substantial rainfall.
About half a billion animals have been affected by the fires across NSW, with millions likely dead. The figures for NSW include birds, reptiles, and mammals, except bats. It also excludes insects and frogs, so the real sum is almost certain to be higher, the ecologists said. Almost a third of koalas in NSW may have been killed in the fires, and a third of their habitat has been destroyed, said Federal Environment Minister Sussan Ley.
4. Which of the following statements is true according to the text?
A. The bushfires cause little damage to people’s life in Australia.
B. The PM criticized that his government didn’t take appropriate methods.
C. The PM took active measures to deal with the bushfires damaging the country.
D. Experts say the government’s inadequate action could worsen the bushfires.
5. Which factor has made the huge fires more serious according to authorities?
A. wet weather B. lightning strike
C. long-lasting drought D. heavy rainfall
6. What can we infer from the last paragraph?
A. More animals have been affected than the number shows.
B. a billion animals face extinction due to the fires.
C. Koalas are in an immediate danger of dying out.
D. The huge fires have no influence on insects and frogs.
7. Where is the passage probably from?
A. A sci-fi book. B. A news website.
C. A fashion magazine. D. A travel journal.
【答案】4. D 5. C 6. A 7. B
【解析】
本文是新闻报道，报道了澳大利亚民众认为政府对森林火灾的反应不足，导致火灾蔓延。文章也分析了澳大利亚森林火灾原因、造成的损失和影响。
【4题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段中“Mr Morrison’s government has been accused of not doing enough to address climate change, which experts say could increase the intensity, frequency and scale of bushfires.（莫里森政府被指责在应对气候变化方面做得不够，专家表示，这可能会增加森林火灾的强度、频率和规模。）”可知，专家认为，政府的应对不足的行为可能会使森林大火进一步恶化。故选D项。
【5题详解】
细节理解题。根据第五段中“authorities have warned that the huge fires, spurred by high temperatures, wind and a three-year drought, will persist until there is substantial rainfall.”（有关当局警告说，高温、大风和持续三年的干旱引发的大火将持续到出现大量降雨。）可知，根据当局的说法，高温、大风和持续三年的干旱会使大火更严重。在有大量降雨前大火还会继续蔓延。故选C项。
【6题详解】
推理判断题。文章最后一段讲述大火对动物造成的影响。根据最后一段中“The figures for NSW include birds, reptiles, and mammals, except bats. It also excludes insects and frogs, so the real sum is almost certain to be higher,（新南威尔士州的数据包括鸟类、爬行动物和哺乳动物(蝙蝠除外)。它还排除了昆虫和青蛙，所以实际的总和几乎肯定会更高）”可以推断，很多动物还没有被统计，因此实际上有比数据显示的更多的动物受到影响。故选A项。
【7题详解】
推理判断题。通读全文，文章介绍了澳大利亚森林火灾的相关情况。政府因为对森林大火和气候政策反应不足，受到民众的批评；还介绍了森林大火造成的损失和引起大火的原因分析。文章应该是来自于新闻网站上关于澳大利亚森林大火的新闻报道。故选B项。
C
Ancient Greek used zodiac signs (星座) to judge a person’s character traits. Today people are still fascinated with trying to figure out people’s personality type based on science.
According to The Washington Post, a new study published in the journal Nature Human Behavior on September17, could tell us something more about the four personality types: reserved (内向的), role models, average and self-centered.
In this study, participants were asked to rate a number of written statements related to the five main personality traits: extroversion (外向性), agreeableness, conscientiousness (责任性), emotional stability and openness.
Researchers found self-centered people scored higher on extroversion, but lower than average on the other four traits. “These are people you don’t want to hang out with,” coauthor William Revelle, told the Daily Mail.
Members of the reserved group were lacking in openness and extroversion, but were more agreeable and conscientious. These people are usually unwilling to try new things, but are kind and cooperative, according to the study.
People defined as role models scored well in most traits, but were weak in emotional stability. “These are people who are dependable and open to new ideas,” said Luis Amaral, co-director of the Northwestern Institute on Complex Systems in the US.
Besides these three personality types, a totally new type was found: average, which gets average scores in all traits. Females are more likely than males to fall into this type.
The study also shows that there is connection between personality type, gender and age. For example, role models are usually seniors, while the traits of the self-centered type mainly fall in teenage males.
However, “certain facts are changing,” Amaral told USA Today. “As people mature and grow, their personality also matures and grows.”
8. Which type of people are you probably unwilling to pass the time with according to William Revelle?
A. Self-centered. B. Role models.
C. Reserved. D. Average.
9. Which words can best describe reserved people?
A. Extroverted and agreeable. B. Open-minded and considerate.
C. Reliable and pleasant. D. Cooperative and aggressive.
10. What can be concluded from the last two paragraphs?
A. Most young people are self-centered.
B. Role models are often middle-aged people.
C. Personality type has little to do with gender or age.
D. People’s personality tends to become better as they age.
11. Which of the following is the best title?
A. Personality Types Based on Science
B. Personality Types and Age
C. Zodiac Signs and Personalities
D. Extroverted or Introverted Personality
【答案】8. A 9. C 10. D 11. A
【解析】
本文是说明文。 文章介绍了在《自然人类行为》杂志上发表的关于人们的四种个性类型信息的一项新研究的结果。
【8题详解】
细节理解题。文章第四段是对以自我为中心的人的研究情况。根据第四段中“‘These are people you don’t want to hang out with,’coauthor William Revelle, told the Daily Mail.”可知,在William Revelle看来,人们不愿意与以自我为中心的人一起出去消磨时间。故选A项。
【9题详解】
推理判断题。文章第5段是关于保守性格的人的研究情况。根据第5段中对保守性格的人的描述“…lacking in openness and extroversion, but were more agreeable and conscientious. These people are usually unwilling to try new things, but are kind and cooperative（ ……缺乏开放性和外向性，但更和蔼可亲，更有责任心。这些人通常不愿意尝试新事物，但他们很友好，乐于合作）”可以推断，保守性格的人更有责任心，因此更可靠；他们性格友好，相处的时候也更令人愉快。 故选C项。
【10题详解】
推理判断题。文章倒数第二段提到“there is connection between personality type, gender and age（性格类型、性别和年龄之间存在联系）”； 根据最后一段中提到““certain facts are changing,” …“As people mature and grow, their personality also matures and grows.（“某些事实是不断变化的。…...随着人们的成长，会变得成熟，他们的个性也会成熟起来。）”。因此可以推断，随着年龄的增长，人的性格会变得成熟起来，个性会变好。故选D项。
【11题详解】
主旨大意题。根据文章第一段中“Today people are still fascinated with trying to figure out people’s personality type based on science. （人们仍然痴迷于试图根据科学来找出人们的个性类型。）和第二段中“a new study published in the journal Nature Human Behavior on September17,could tell us something more about the four personality types: reserved (内向的), role models, average and self-centered.”，文章是关于在《自然人类行为》 杂志上发表的一项关于四种人的个性类型的新的研究结果，因此标题应该是“基于科学基础上的性格类型”。故选A项。
D
Nowadays, more and more employers and employees work online either full-time or part-time, and that number is continuing growing. It’s believed that flying around the world for face-to-face company meetings is a waste of time and money. An effective choice to get rid of it is to use Web meetings.
A large of group presentations, training classes and meetings are done online without losing the face-to-face experience. Web meetings are online meetings where an organizer invites attendees to listen to or watch an online presentation by presenters. Besides, Web meetings can be recorded for later us.
Presenters can take real-time surveys to study how to hold a successful meeting. Some Web meeting software programs can monitor the users’ desktop behavior to see if they become distracted from the presentation and begin working on other documents. If so the program can tell presenters when the listeners lose their attention, and how long the distraction lasts. In this way, the presenters will know which parts of their meetings need improving.
Web meetings can work well because they’re hosted on a server (服务器). Images from the presenter’s desktop are taken, uploaded to a server and then downloaded by people who have access to the server. Web meetings require a powerful server to deal with several images a second and “serve” them back to thousands of users at the same time.
Companies have two choices when it comes to these servers. They can either buy a special Web meeting server to host their meetings on-site, or they can pay for a Web meeting service every time and let the off-site provider worry about hosting the meetings. The choice depends on how frequently the company holds Web meetings, the average number of people attending the meetings, and the quality of engineering and information technology.
Web meetings are an excellent example of how technology is changing the way we do business. With all the technologies today, the traditional office might soon be a thing of the past.
12. In what way do some Web meeting software programs help improve the meetings?
A. By tracking the users’ state.
B. By giving useful suggestions.
C. By sharing detailed technical data.
D. By providing other presenters’ videos.
13. It’s better for a company to buy a Web meeting server if it ________.
A. relies little on the quality of IT
B. holds Web meetings twice a week
C. doesn’t have so many employees
D. has branches in the same city or province
14. What can we infer about Web meetings?
A. Web meetings help presenters stay focused.
B. Web meetings work without the help of a server.
C. Web meetings determine the quality of engineering.
D. Web meetings are likely to be widely used.
15. The purpose of this passage is ________.
A. to advertise servers used in Web meetings
B. to persuade companies to hold web meetings
C. to introduce the benefits of using Web meetings.
D. to discuss the advantages and disadvantages of Web meetings
【答案】12. A 13. B 14. D 15. C
【解析】
本文是说明文，介绍了网络会议在商务办公方面取代了传统的办公模式，被广泛应用。
【12题详解】
推理判断题。根据第三段中“Some Web meeting software programs can monitor the users’ desktop behavior to see if they become distracted from the presentation and begin working on other documents.（ 一些Web会议软件程序可以监视用户的桌面行为，看看他们是否会分心于演示文稿，并开始处理其他文档。）”可以推断，软件程序是通过跟踪听会者的状态来知道网络会议的哪一部分需要改进的。故选A项。
【13题详解】
推理判断题。根据第五段中“The choice depends on how frequently the company holds Web meetings, the average number of people attending the meetings, and the quality of engineering and information technology.（ 选择取决于公司举行网络会议的频率、出席会议的平均人数以及工程和信息技术的质量。）”，公司可以选择购买一个特殊的网络会议服务器，也可以选择每次支付网络会议服务的费用。由此判断出如果公司每星期举行两次网络会议，使用网络会议频率比较高，那么购买一个网络会议服务器会比较划算。故选B项。
【14题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章第一段最后一句“An effective choice to get rid of it is to use Web meetings.”和最后一段中“With all the technologies today, the traditional office might soon be a thing of the past.”可知， 网络会议可以代替传统办公模式，随着当今所有技术的发展，传统的办公室可能很快就会成为过去。因此可以推断网络会议会越来越广泛地应用。故选D项。
【15题详解】
推理判断题。文章第一段提到“ It’s believed that flying around the world for face-to-face company meetings is a waste of time and money.An effective choice to get rid of it is to use Web meetings. ”和最后一段中提到“Web meetings are an excellent example of how technology is changing the way we do business.”。因此文章介绍了网络会议正在改变我们的商务方式，能避免浪费时间和金钱。由此判断本文的目的是介绍使用网络会议的好处。故选C项。
第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
The year 79 AD would have seemed- just, like any other year in the Roman city of Pompeii. Each day, the streets were filled, with the sounds of busy shops and customers enjoying the city’s many cafes. ____16____
No one gave any thought to Mount Vesuvius, a volcano close to Pompeii. Vesuvius had been inactive for years. The soil in that area was good for agriculture. ____17____ But the sleeping mountain was about to wake up... The eruption when it happened, was unlike anything witnessed before. A huge cloud of hot ash rock rose into the air, covering the surrounding area.
A young man watching from a distance, recorded how the thick dark cloud spread everywhere. ____18____ They took what they could as they tried to get away from the city. But many were trapped by falling buildings.
Suddenly, there was a powerful flow of gas, ash and rock. It moved down Vesuvius at a speed of about 450 kilometres an hour. ____19____ The city was covered by up to six metres of ash. Pompeii became a city frozen in time.
____20____ Many bodies have been found in the same positions in which they fell. Work continues to uncover the rest of the city—and the ancient stories it has to tell.
A. Pompeii was left in total darkness.
B. The city was rediscovered in the mid-18th century.
C. The people of Pompeii had no reason to fear the volcano.
D. People bathed and chatted happily in the beautifully built baths.
E. He described how people were frightened by the sudden disaster.
F. When it reached Pompeii, it immediately killed anyone in its path.
G. Smoke, mud, flames and burning stones spewed from the summit of the mountain.
【答案】16. D 17. C 18. E 19. F 20. B
【解析】
本文是记叙文，讲述了在公元79年意大利庞贝城，维苏威火山突然爆发带来的巨大灾难。
【16题详解】
该段第一句提到“公元79元的罗马庞贝城本该和其他任何一年一样。”空前一句描述庞贝城日常的生活情景。选项D意思为：人们在建造精美的浴池里愉快地沐浴和聊天。选项D也是描述庞贝城中人们的日常生活，顺承空前一句的话题。故选D项。
【17题详解】
选项C意思为：庞贝人没有理由担心沉睡的火山。空前一句提到“维苏威火山已经停止活动多年了”。空前一句说明原因，选项C说明结果。选项C顺承上文的话题。故选C项。
【18题详解】
此题是代词指代线索。选项E意思为：他描述了人们是如何被突如其来的灾难所吓倒的。与上文“一个年轻人从远处观察着，记录下了浓浓的乌云是如何四处蔓延的”为承接关系。选项E中He指代上一句中的A young man。故选E项。
19题详解】
此题是代词指代和词汇复现线索。选项F意思为：当它到达庞贝城时，它立刻使流经路上的人都死去。与上文“它以每小时450公里的速度向维苏威火山移动”为承接关系。选项F中it和空前一句中it都是指代“a powerful flow of gas, ash and rock”。故选F项。
【20题详解】
选项B意思为：这座城市在18世纪中叶被重新发现。与下文“许多尸体都是在他们倒下的地方被发现的”为承接关系。选项B中“rediscover”与下文的“have been found ”和“uncover”语义相同，是词汇复现。故选B项。
第二部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
My 83-year-old mother came to live with me a year ago last November. She was very ill and I had to put my life on hold to ____21____ her.
Each morning, I got her up and ____22____ her and made her breakfast, and sat with her. I rushed for a bowl when she felt sick, and lit fires to keep her warm. I cooked and ____23____ her to take a few bites.
It’s a hard job caring for a sick or dying parent, whoever you are. But it was ____24____ hard for me, a doctor myself. I couldn’t help treating her in two different ways. The medical professional in me led me to examine her in ____25____ as if she were my patient. As a ____26____, I saw the woman who had given birth to me, wiped my nose, sent me to college and had been ____27____ presence in my life for over half a century.
Also, my mother didn’t ____28____ my hard work or understand that other people’s help could have ____29____ the burden.
None of the treatments her doctors gave her _____30_____ , and finally her life became about comfort. When finally she accepted the painkillers, she accepted the fact that she would _____31_____.
Illness and need took us across personal boundary I’d never before considered. We used to argue a lot, _____32_____ during this time we shared stories and memories and we became _____33_____.
When the _____34_____ came, we accepted the fact that we looked at the world in different ways, but what _____35_____ was that we loved each other.
21. A. put up with B. refer to C. care for D. take pride in
22. A. dressed B. taught C. evaluated D. demanded
23. A. warned B. forced C. permitted D. persuaded
24. A. especially B. naturally C. proudly D. acceptably
25. A. enthusiasm B. curiosity C. regret D. coldness
26. A. nurse B. daughter C. doctor D. professor
27. A. constant B. occasional C. dramatic D. fortunate
28. A. enjoy B. challenge C. appreciate D. instruct
29. A. got off B. paid off C. turned off D. taken off
30. A. thought B. changed C. worked D. performed
31. A. die B. recover C. defeat D. improve
32. A. so B. but C. and D. or
33. A. rougher B. tougher C. closer D. harder
34. A. accident B. chances C. event D. end
35. A. ignored B. mattered C. passed D. affected
【答案】21. C 22. A 23. D 24. A 25. D 26. B 27. A 28. C 29. D 30. C 31. A 32. B 33. C 34. D 35. B
【解析】
本文是记叙文。文章叙述了作者照顾病重的母亲的感受。在病重期间，作者和母亲的关系变得更亲密。作者认为母女之间的爱才是最重要的。
【21题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意： 她病得很重，为了照顾她，我不得不把我的生活放在一边。A. put up with忍受；B. refer to参考，涉及到；C. care for关心，照顾；D. take pride in以……为豪。根据下文“Each morning, I got her up and dressed her and made her breakfast, and sat with her.”可知，作者照顾母亲。故选C项。
【22题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：每天早上，我让她起床后，给她穿好衣服，给她做早餐，然后陪她坐着。 A. dressed穿衣；B. taught教；C. evaluated评估；D. demanded要求。按照生活常识，起床后应该是穿好衣服。故选A项。
【23题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我做好饭，说服她吃几口。A. warned警告；B. forced强迫；C. permitted 允许；D. persuaded说服。上文提到“when she felt sick”，作者的母亲病得很重，常常感到恶心，可能吃不下饭，作者就劝母亲吃点。故选D项。
【24题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意： 但这对自己是一名医生的我来说特别难。A. especially 特别地；B. naturally自然地；C. proudly自豪地；D. acceptably可欣然接受地。根据下文“The medical professional in me led me to examine her in ____5____ as if she were my patient. ”可知，作为一名医生，作者得像对待其他患者一样对待母亲，而作者觉得很难做到。故选A项。
【25题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我的医生职业让我冷冷地给她做检查她，好像她是我的病人。 A. enthusiasm热情；B. curiosity好奇；C. regret后悔；D. coldness冷漠。一方面，作者作为一名医生，像对待其他病人一样冷漠地对待母亲。故选D项。
【26题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：作为一个女儿，我看到了那个生我的女人，她给我擦鼻子，送我上大学，半个多世纪以来她一直在我的生活中。A. nurse护士；B. daughter女儿；C. doctor医生；D. professor教授。根据“the woman who had given birth to me”可知，此时作者从一个女儿的角度来看待母亲。故选B项。
【27题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：作为一个女儿，我看到了那个生我的女人，她给我擦鼻子，送我上大学，半个多世纪以来她一直在我的生活中。 A. constant不变的；B. occasional偶尔的；C. dramatic戏剧性的；D. fortunate幸运的。母亲和作者一起生活了半个多世纪，一直存在于作者的生活中。故选A项。
【28题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：同时，我的母亲并不赏识我的努力付出，也不理解其他人的帮助可以减轻我的负担。 A. enjoy喜欢；B. challenge挑战；C. appreciate感激；D. instruct指导，指示。根据runderstand 可知，母亲并不赏识作者的努力付出。故选C项。
【29题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：同时，我的母亲并不赏识我的努力工作，也不理解其他人的帮助可以减轻我的负担。A. got off下车；B. paid off还清债务；C. turned off 关掉；D. taken off减轻，减去。根据 other people’s help 可知，其他人的帮助可以减轻作者的负担。但是母亲不理解。此处是短语take off the burden “卸下重担”。故选D项。
【30题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意： 医生给她的治疗都不起作用。A. thought 思考，认为；B. changed改变；C. worked起作用；D. performed表演。根据下文“finally she accepted the painkillers”可知，治疗不起作用，母亲最后只能接受靠止疼片维持生命。故选C项。
【31题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：当她最终接受止痛药时，她接受了自己会死去的事实。 A. die死；B. recover恢复；C. defeat打败；D. improve改善，改进。母亲最后不得不靠止疼片维持生命，知道自己将不久于人世。故选A项。
【32题详解】
考查连词词义辨析。句意：我们以前经常吵架，但在这段时间里，我们分享故事和回忆，我们变得更亲密了。A. so因此；B. but但是；C. and和，又；D. or或者。前一句说“争吵很多”，后一句说“分享故事和回忆 ”，前后两个句子之间语义转折。故选B项。
【33题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我们以前经常吵架，但在这段时间里，我们分享故事和回忆，我们变得更亲密了。A. rougher更粗糙的；B. tougher更困难的；C. closer 更亲密的；D. harder更难的。根据“we shared stories and memories”可知，作者和母亲关系更亲密。故选C项。
【34题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：当母亲的生命走到尽头时，我们接受了这样一个事实：我们用不同的方式看待这个世界，但重要的是我们彼此相爱。A. accident事故；B. chances 机会；C. event 事件；D. end终点，结束。这里指母亲最后终于去世，离开了作者。故选D项。
【35题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：当母亲的生命走到尽头时，我们接受了这样一个事实：我们用不同的方式看待这个世界，但重要的是我们彼此相爱。A. ignored忽视；B. mattered重要；C. passed通过，经过；D. affected影响。虽然作者和母亲的观点不一致， 但重要的是她们彼此相爱。故选B项。
第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
____36____ (locate) in the north-east of Italy, Venice is known as “The Floating City”. It is made up of over 100 small islands, which are connected by waterways and bridges. ____37____ (fortunate), water is also putting Venice in great danger. Saltwater is slowly damaging the bases of Venice’s buildings. The Floating City is, in fact, sinking.
More problems are caused by floods, ____38____ usually hit the city each winter. But these floods could now be a thing of the past thanks to a new flood ____39____ (prevent) project. Venice lies in ____40____ middle of a lagoon, and rain and strong winds cause seawater to travel through the natural gaps to Venice. Dozens of gates ____41____ (build) to hold back the sea until now. Each of these gates is 20 meters wide, ____42____ the longest about 30 meters long. In the event of a big rise in the water level, the gates will be raised ____43____ (separate) the city from the sea.
But only time will tell ____44____ this project is the right solution. The important thing is that action is being taken to protect this unique city for future generations. And if it works, it means a longer, ____45____ (dry) future for Venice.
【答案】36. Located
37. Unfortunately
38. which 39. prevention
40. the 41. have been built
42. with 43. to separate
44. whether/if
45. drier
【解析】
【分析】
本文是说明文，介绍了威尼斯的一项新的防洪工程，建造了几十个闸门来阻挡海水进入威尼斯。
【36题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：威尼斯位于意大利东北部，被称为“浮城”。短语be located in“位于”，句子主语Venice和locate之间逻辑关系为Venice is located in …，因此用过去分词 作状语。故填Located。
【37题详解】
考查逻辑和副词。句意： 不幸的是，水也给威尼斯带来了巨大的危险。 根据句意，“水使威尼斯处于危险之中”，应该是不幸的事情；修饰整个句子应该用副词形式，故填Unfortunately。
【38题详解】
考查非限制性定语从句。句意：更多的问题是由洪水引起的，洪水通常每年冬天都会袭击这个城市。分析句子结构。设空处后面是定语从句，修饰先行词floods， 在从句中作主语，因此用which引导非限制性定语从句。故填which。
【39题详解】
考查名词。句意：但由于一项新的防洪工程，这些洪水现在可能会成为过去。 修饰名词project，此处用名词prevention，是名词修饰名词。故填prevention。
【40题详解】
考查冠词。句意：威尼斯位于泻湖的中心，雨水和强风使海水通过天然的缝隙流到威尼斯。短语in the middle of “在……的中间”。故填the。
【41题详解】
考查时态和语态。句意：到目前为止，已经建造了几十个闸门来阻挡海水。时间状语until now与现在完成时连用；句子的主语Dozens of gates和build之间为逻辑上的被动关系，因此用现在完成时的被动语态形式have been done；build是不规则变化，动词过去分词为，built。故填have been built。
【42题详解】
考查介词。句意：这些大门各宽20米，最长约30米。此处为with的复合结构“with+宾语the longest +介词短语about 30 meters long”，在句中作伴随状语。故填with。
【43题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：如果水位大幅上升，就会升起闸门，将城市与大海隔开。分析句子结构， 此处用不定式作目的状语，意思为“为了……”。故填to separate。
【44题详解】
考查连接词。句意：但只有时间才能判断这个项目是否是正确的解决方案。根据句意，此处用whether/ if引导宾语从句，意思为“是否”。故填whether/if。
【45题详解】
考查形容词比较级。句意：如果它起作用，那就意味着会为威尼斯带来更长、更干燥的未来。前面有形容词比较级longer，此处相应地用形容词比较级，与 longer并列。
故填drier。
【点睛】“with+宾语+介词短语”的with 复合结构，在句中可以作伴随状语、定语等成分。
He walked into the dark street with a stick in his hand.他手里拿着一根木棍走在漆黑的街上。（作伴随状语）
The city lies in a valley with high mountains around it.这座城市位于群山环抱的山谷中。（作定语）
The young man is shooting at a dog, with a gun in his hands.年轻人手里拿着枪，瞄准一只狗。（作伴随状语）
如本题第7小题，是with的复合结构形式“with+宾语+介词短语”，在句中作伴随状语。
第三部分 写作（共两节，满分40分）
第一节（满分15分）
46.假定你是李华，你的英国朋友Peter来信询问你中国武术的情况，并想来中国学习。请给他回信，内容包括：
1. 中国武术很受欢迎；
2. 推荐他来中国学习太极；
3. 欢迎尽快来中国学习。
注意：1. 词数80左右；
2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
参考词汇：1 武术martial arts 2. 太极Tai chi
Dear Peter,
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours truly,
Li Hua
【答案】Dear Peter,
I’m more than delighted to hear that you are willing to learn Chinese martial arts. They appeal to tens of thousands of people throughout the world so that many come to China to learn them each year.
There are varieties of Chinese martial arts. Among them I’d like to recommend Tai chi to you. First , as a martial art with a long history, Tai chi has been widely acknowledged as an effective way to build up our body. Then, Famous for its graceful and well-balanced movements，Tai Chi provides the mental relaxation as well as physical fitness for us. Therefore, it has become a popular choice to take exercise in recent years.
I’m looking forward to your early coming to China.
Yours truly,
Li Hua
【解析】
【分析】
本篇书面表达属于应用文, 要求写一封回信，向英国朋友Peter推荐学习太极。
【详解】第一步：
审题: 回信，向英国朋友Peter推荐学习太极
人称：第三人称
时态： 一般现在时
结构： 总分法，分三部分，第一部分说明中国武术很受欢迎，第二部分推荐Peter来中国学习太极及原因，第三部分欢迎尽快来中国学习。
要点：
1. 说明中国武术很受欢迎
2．向Peter推荐来中国学习太极的原因
①太极具有悠久历史，被认为是强身健体有效的方法
② 太极动作优雅、平衡
③ 太极让我们精神放松、身体健康。
3．希望Peter早点来中国学习
第二步：列提纲（重点词汇、短语 ）
be delighted to do…；be willing to do…；appeal to；Chinese martial art；recommend …to sb.；be widely acknowledged as；build up one’s body；be famous for；graceful；well-balanced；provides…for sb.；mental relaxation；physical fitness；a popular choice；take exercise
第三步：连词成句
(1) You are willing to learn Chinese martial arts.
(2)They appeal to tens of thousands of people throughout the world .
(3) Many come to China to learn them each year.
(4) There are varieties of Chinese martial arts.
(5) I’d like to recommend Tai chi to you.
(6) Tai chi has been widely acknowledged as an effective way to build up our body.
(7) Tai chi is famous for its graceful and well-balanced movements.
(8) Tai Chi provides the mental relaxation as well as physical fitness for us.
(9) It has become a popular choice to take exercise.
根据提示和关键词进行遣词造句,适当地运用句型，注意时态和主谓一致问题。
第四步：连句成篇(衔接词)
表示时间顺序： first of all; to begin/start with , in the beginning
firstly.... secondly .... lastly / finally/in the end
表示并列或补充关系： what is more; besides, moreover, apart from;
in addition, as well as；not only…but(also), meanwhile, in the meantime, some...some…others
表示转折对比关系：but, however, although, though, yet, while
on one hand…on the other hand ...,
表示因果关系：because, as, therefore, as a result, as a consequence, consequently, thus
连句成文，运用恰当的衔接词进行句子之间的衔接与过渡，使句与句之间逻辑性更强、
段与段之间结构清晰。
【点睛】范文要点全面，结构清晰，层次分明，上下文连贯，在表达时用到了很多高级词汇，如 be willing to do…；appeal to；Chinese martial art；recommend …to sb.；be widely acknowledged as；build up one’s body；be famous for；graceful；well-balanced；provides…for sb.；mental relaxation；physical fitness；a popular choice；take exercise 等；复杂句式的运用提升了文章层次，如so that引导的结果状语从句的运用They appeal to tens of thousands of people throughout the world so that many come to China to learn them each year；形容词短语作状语的运用Famous for its graceful and well-balanced movements，Tai Chi provides the mental relaxation as well as physical fitness for us等。
第二节（满分25分）
47.阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。续写的词数应为150左右。
It was Susan’s 12th birthday. She had been expecting to receive a yo-yo (悠悠球) from her parents as her birthday gift for several months. However, she received a purple dress instead, which made her really disappointed.
“I only want a yo-yo as my birthday present. I don’t want the dress and I hate purple.” Susan shouted at her mother when she saw the dress. “Even a five-year-old child has a yo-yo. Do you know why others don’t want to be my friends? It is all because I don’t have a yo-yo. It is so boring to live in this house,” Susan said angrily.
Her mother ignored her complaints and changed the topic, saying, “Uncle Brown, Uncle Smith, Aunt Aniston and their children are coming for dinner tonight. So, you can play with your cousins.” “But, I don’t think there is anything interesting to play in the house.” Susan complained again.
The guests arrived at 6:00 pm. Susan guided the four children who came with the adults to her room. “Do you have any interesting toys? Susan...” asked Jim, one of the children. Susan felt that Jim was asking for a yo-yo. She felt embarrassed and brought out her Snakes and Ladders (蛇梯棋). All the children played the game together. Everyone enjoyed playing the game except Susan. After a little while, her cousin Sara asked, “Susan, can we go downstairs to the basement?” Susan said, “No, there is nothing interesting to play in it. Ignoring Susan’s words, the children raced to the basement excitedly. They found there were some empty cartons, ropes, old broken toys…” Upon seeing this, Sara came up with an idea- the memory game. She arranged a few things on the floor and closed her eyes. Then Jim took away an object randomly and Sara should guess what the missing object was.
Paragraph 1:
When Susan arrived there later, she looked at the children in surprise.
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Paragraph 2:
That night after the guests left, Susan sat alone in her room.
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】When Susan arrived there later, she looked at the children in surprise. They were playing with what Susan considered boring happily. Seeing this, Susan understood that although there was no yo-yo, they could also enjoy themselves. Jim asked her to join them playing together instantly he saw Susan. It was at that moment that Susan realized she had focused too much on what she didn’t have but ignored what she had.
That night after the guests left, Susan sat alone in her room. On her bed was the purple dress given to her as a birthday gift. She thought to herself, “It seems that the dress doesn’t look that bad. Actually, I like all the clothes Mom bought for me.” She was sorry for having shouted at her mother. So she ran to Moms room and said, “Sorry, Mom. I should be satisfied with what I own.” Hearing the words, her mother hugged her in arms tightly, happy and touched about Susan’s change.
【解析】
【分析】
本篇书面表达是读后续写。通过阅读所给文章可知，Susan想要得到一个悠悠球作为生日礼物，但是她的妈妈却给她买了一条紫色的连衣裙，因此Susan很不高兴。她觉得没有悠悠球，就没有什么有趣的东西玩了。当客人们来了，Susan拿出蛇梯棋招待小朋友们，小朋友们也玩得很高兴。后来他们到Susan家的地下室去。地下室放了很多Susan的旧玩具。他们玩起了记忆游戏。
【详解】续写部分分为两段，第1段开头是：苏珊后来到那里时，惊奇地看着孩子们。接下来应该写她看到孩子们没有悠悠球也玩得很高兴。于是Susan和他们一起玩，过了一个愉快的生日。苏珊意识到自己没有珍惜现在所拥有的东西，而是把太多的注意力集中在她没有的东西上。
第2段开头是： 那天晚上，客人们离开后，苏珊独自坐在她的房间里。 下面应该写她看到妈妈送给她的紫色连衣裙，觉得很漂亮。想起自己对妈妈的态度，感到很后悔。于是她为自己的行为向妈妈道歉。
续写时要注意先读懂原文的故事，理解原文故事中的隐含意义，这样在续写时才能保持原文的主题和写作风格。
【点睛】本文描写详略得当，重点突出，同时表达时也使用了很多高级词汇，如arrive；look at ；in surprise；play with ；boring；enjoy oneself； at that moment；realize ；focus on ；ignore；a birthday gift；think to oneself；shout at；be satisfied with；hug；touched 等；还运用了复杂的句式，提升文章的表达层次，如现在分词作状语的运用 Seeing this, Susan understood…；instantly引导时间状语的运用Jim asked her to join them playing together instantly he saw Susan；强调句型的运用 It was at that moment that Susan realized she had focused too much on what she didn’t have but ignored what she had；倒装句式的运用On her bed was the purple dress given to her as a birthday gift等。
英语（一）
本试卷分三部分，共10页。满分120分。考试用时100分钟。
注意事项：
1. 答题前，考生务必将自己的姓名、考生号等填写在答题卡和试卷指定位置上。
2. 回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。
3. 考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。
第一部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
Which book you should read is based on your next travel destination.
As you’re traveling around Amsterdam, read “The Fault in Our Stars”.
Previously adapted into a film in 2014, John Greens story of star-crossed teenagers famously includes a trip to Amsterdam. The Anne Frank House and The Rijksmuseum are two of many major destinations mentioned in the book. Plus, the bench from the film adaption of this novel has even become its own tourist spot.
“The Elegance of the Hedgehog” is excellent reading for a trip to Paris.
Before wandering down the Champs-lysées, open Muriel Barbery’s novel for a delightful peek into the lives of wealthy Parisians. Set in an upscale French, apartment building, the story follows two totally different people who discover they are kindred souls.
Bring “One Hundred Years of Solitude” to read in South America.
A significant work of literature, Gabriel García Márquez’s classic follows generations of the Buendía family as they live in their South-American town. García Márquez’s magical realism paired with his lush descriptions makes the book a perfect read for visiting some of the breathtaking sights of South America.
“Call Me by Your Name” by André Aciman should perhaps be read in the summertime, in Italy.
André Aciman’s novel is said to take place in the Northern-Italian seaside region of Liguria. And if you’ve seen the 2017 coming-of-age film adaptation of the book, you’ll already know the story describes beautiful summers in Northern Italy, complete with seaside encounters and lush greenery.
If you’re visiting New York City, enter the mind of Holden Caulfield.
“The Catcher in the Rye” is a classic tale of a lost teenager’s unplanned trip to New York City. In the JD-Salinger novel, Holden visits a nightclub in the East Village, goes ice skating in Rockefeller Center, and takes his sister to the Central Park Zoo.
1. Which book was adapted into a film in 2017?
A. The Fault in Our Stars. B. The Elegance of the Hedgehog.
C. One hundred Years of solitude. D. Call Me by Your Name.
2. Which of the following best explains the underlined word “kindred”?
A. Powerful. B. Similar.
C. Gentle. D. friendly.
3. What does the book “The Catcher in the Rye” mainly talk about?
A. Star-crossed teenagers trip to Amsterdam.
B. A teenager’s unintended trip to New York City.
C. Seaside encounters in beautiful summers in Northern Italy.
D. The life of generations of the Buendia family in South-American town.
【答案】1. D 2. B 3. B
【解析】
【分析】
本文是应用文， 介绍了几本与旅游目的地相关的文学小说。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据第四个小标题“‘Call Me by Your Name’by André Aciman should perhaps be read in the summertime, in Italy.”部分中“if you’ve seen the 2017 coming-of-age film adaptation of the book, you’ll already know the story describes beautiful summers in Northern Italy, complete with seaside encounters and lush greenery. （如果你看过2017年由这本书改编的青春片，你就会知道这个故事描述了意大利北部美丽的夏天，还有海边的邂逅和茂盛的植被。）”可知，小说《请以你的名字呼唤我》于2017年改编成电影。故选D项。
【2题详解】
词句猜测题。根据第二个小标题“The Elegance of the Hedgehog” is excellent reading for a trip to Paris. ”部分中，划线词所在的句子“who discover they are kindred souls. ”是定语从句，修饰先行词“ two totally different people”，可以推测kindred与two totally different语义相关，意思为“类似的，相似的”。故选B项。
【3题详解】
细节理解题。根据第五个小标题“If you’re visiting New York City, enter the mind of Holden Caulfield. ”部分中“‘The Catcher in the Rye’ is a classic tale of a lost teenager’s unplanned trip to New York City.”可知，《麦田里的守望者》是一个经典的故事，讲述了一个迷路的少年意外的纽约之旅。故选B项。
【点睛】阅读理解中词义猜测技巧
1.根据下定义、定语从句、同位语或破折号对所修饰的词的解释说明猜测生词的词义。如：
（1）Here is The Pines ,whose cook has developed a special way of mixing foreign food such as caribou ,wild boar ,and reindeer with surprising sauces .
分析：通过whose引导的定语从句，可以推测The Pines 是一家餐馆的名字。
（2）This terrible tornado—a wind which went round and round as fast as 500 miles an hour and picked up everything in its path, such as large trees, cars and even houses.
分析：根据破折号后面的句意，可以猜测出tornado意思是“龙卷风”。
（3）Some good readers find it helpful to use their sense to visualize — or picture — what they read.
分析：根据破折号后的词picture的解释，可以推测visualize的意思为“想象”。
如本题第2小题，根据划线词所在的句子“who discover they are kindred souls. ”，是一个定语从句，修饰先行词“ two totally different people”，因此可以推测kindred与two totally different语义相关，意思为“类似的，相似的”。故选B项。
B
Australia’s Prime Minister Scott Morrison has expressed regret over his handling of the bushfire crisis damaging the country. The PM has faced mounting criticism over his government’s response to the bushfires and its climate policy.
Since September, bushfires have killed at least 28 people and destroyed thousands of homes. Mr Morrison’s government has been accused of not doing enough to address climate change, which experts say could increase the intensity, frequency and scale of bushfires.
But in the interview, the PM defended his government’s approach, which he said took into account the effect of climate change on the bushfires.
Each year there is a fire season during the Australian summer, with hot, dry weather making it easy for blazes (火焰) to start and spread. Natural causes are to blame most of the time, like lightning strikes in drought-affected forests. Humans can also be to blame. NSW police have charged at least 24 people with deliberately starting bushfires, and have taken legal action against 183 people for fire-related offenses since November, according to a police statement.
Bushfire conditions eased on Saturday, giving firefighters a temporary short break in areas where blazes are still raging. But authorities have warned that the huge fires, spurred by high temperatures, wind and a three-year drought, will persist until there is substantial rainfall.
About half a billion animals have been affected by the fires across NSW, with millions likely dead. The figures for NSW include birds, reptiles, and mammals, except bats. It also excludes insects and frogs, so the real sum is almost certain to be higher, the ecologists said. Almost a third of koalas in NSW may have been killed in the fires, and a third of their habitat has been destroyed, said Federal Environment Minister Sussan Ley.
4. Which of the following statements is true according to the text?
A. The bushfires cause little damage to people’s life in Australia.
B. The PM criticized that his government didn’t take appropriate methods.
C. The PM took active measures to deal with the bushfires damaging the country.
D. Experts say the government’s inadequate action could worsen the bushfires.
5. Which factor has made the huge fires more serious according to authorities?
A. wet weather B. lightning strike
C. long-lasting drought D. heavy rainfall
6. What can we infer from the last paragraph?
A. More animals have been affected than the number shows.
B. a billion animals face extinction due to the fires.
C. Koalas are in an immediate danger of dying out.
D. The huge fires have no influence on insects and frogs.
7. Where is the passage probably from?
A. A sci-fi book. B. A news website.
C. A fashion magazine. D. A travel journal.
【答案】4. D 5. C 6. A 7. B
【解析】
本文是新闻报道，报道了澳大利亚民众认为政府对森林火灾的反应不足，导致火灾蔓延。文章也分析了澳大利亚森林火灾原因、造成的损失和影响。
【4题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段中“Mr Morrison’s government has been accused of not doing enough to address climate change, which experts say could increase the intensity, frequency and scale of bushfires.（莫里森政府被指责在应对气候变化方面做得不够，专家表示，这可能会增加森林火灾的强度、频率和规模。）”可知，专家认为，政府的应对不足的行为可能会使森林大火进一步恶化。故选D项。
【5题详解】
细节理解题。根据第五段中“authorities have warned that the huge fires, spurred by high temperatures, wind and a three-year drought, will persist until there is substantial rainfall.”（有关当局警告说，高温、大风和持续三年的干旱引发的大火将持续到出现大量降雨。）可知，根据当局的说法，高温、大风和持续三年的干旱会使大火更严重。在有大量降雨前大火还会继续蔓延。故选C项。
【6题详解】
推理判断题。文章最后一段讲述大火对动物造成的影响。根据最后一段中“The figures for NSW include birds, reptiles, and mammals, except bats. It also excludes insects and frogs, so the real sum is almost certain to be higher,（新南威尔士州的数据包括鸟类、爬行动物和哺乳动物(蝙蝠除外)。它还排除了昆虫和青蛙，所以实际的总和几乎肯定会更高）”可以推断，很多动物还没有被统计，因此实际上有比数据显示的更多的动物受到影响。故选A项。
【7题详解】
推理判断题。通读全文，文章介绍了澳大利亚森林火灾的相关情况。政府因为对森林大火和气候政策反应不足，受到民众的批评；还介绍了森林大火造成的损失和引起大火的原因分析。文章应该是来自于新闻网站上关于澳大利亚森林大火的新闻报道。故选B项。
C
Ancient Greek used zodiac signs (星座) to judge a person’s character traits. Today people are still fascinated with trying to figure out people’s personality type based on science.
According to The Washington Post, a new study published in the journal Nature Human Behavior on September17, could tell us something more about the four personality types: reserved (内向的), role models, average and self-centered.
In this study, participants were asked to rate a number of written statements related to the five main personality traits: extroversion (外向性), agreeableness, conscientiousness (责任性), emotional stability and openness.
Researchers found self-centered people scored higher on extroversion, but lower than average on the other four traits. “These are people you don’t want to hang out with,” coauthor William Revelle, told the Daily Mail.
Members of the reserved group were lacking in openness and extroversion, but were more agreeable and conscientious. These people are usually unwilling to try new things, but are kind and cooperative, according to the study.
People defined as role models scored well in most traits, but were weak in emotional stability. “These are people who are dependable and open to new ideas,” said Luis Amaral, co-director of the Northwestern Institute on Complex Systems in the US.
Besides these three personality types, a totally new type was found: average, which gets average scores in all traits. Females are more likely than males to fall into this type.
The study also shows that there is connection between personality type, gender and age. For example, role models are usually seniors, while the traits of the self-centered type mainly fall in teenage males.
However, “certain facts are changing,” Amaral told USA Today. “As people mature and grow, their personality also matures and grows.”
8. Which type of people are you probably unwilling to pass the time with according to William Revelle?
A. Self-centered. B. Role models.
C. Reserved. D. Average.
9. Which words can best describe reserved people?
A. Extroverted and agreeable. B. Open-minded and considerate.
C. Reliable and pleasant. D. Cooperative and aggressive.
10. What can be concluded from the last two paragraphs?
A. Most young people are self-centered.
B. Role models are often middle-aged people.
C. Personality type has little to do with gender or age.
D. People’s personality tends to become better as they age.
11. Which of the following is the best title?
A. Personality Types Based on Science
B. Personality Types and Age
C. Zodiac Signs and Personalities
D. Extroverted or Introverted Personality
【答案】8. A 9. C 10. D 11. A
【解析】
本文是说明文。 文章介绍了在《自然人类行为》杂志上发表的关于人们的四种个性类型信息的一项新研究的结果。
【8题详解】
细节理解题。文章第四段是对以自我为中心的人的研究情况。根据第四段中“‘These are people you don’t want to hang out with,’coauthor William Revelle, told the Daily Mail.”可知,在William Revelle看来,人们不愿意与以自我为中心的人一起出去消磨时间。故选A项。
【9题详解】
推理判断题。文章第5段是关于保守性格的人的研究情况。根据第5段中对保守性格的人的描述“…lacking in openness and extroversion, but were more agreeable and conscientious. These people are usually unwilling to try new things, but are kind and cooperative（ ……缺乏开放性和外向性，但更和蔼可亲，更有责任心。这些人通常不愿意尝试新事物，但他们很友好，乐于合作）”可以推断，保守性格的人更有责任心，因此更可靠；他们性格友好，相处的时候也更令人愉快。 故选C项。
【10题详解】
推理判断题。文章倒数第二段提到“there is connection between personality type, gender and age（性格类型、性别和年龄之间存在联系）”； 根据最后一段中提到““certain facts are changing,” …“As people mature and grow, their personality also matures and grows.（“某些事实是不断变化的。…...随着人们的成长，会变得成熟，他们的个性也会成熟起来。）”。因此可以推断，随着年龄的增长，人的性格会变得成熟起来，个性会变好。故选D项。
【11题详解】
主旨大意题。根据文章第一段中“Today people are still fascinated with trying to figure out people’s personality type based on science. （人们仍然痴迷于试图根据科学来找出人们的个性类型。）和第二段中“a new study published in the journal Nature Human Behavior on September17,could tell us something more about the four personality types: reserved (内向的), role models, average and self-centered.”，文章是关于在《自然人类行为》 杂志上发表的一项关于四种人的个性类型的新的研究结果，因此标题应该是“基于科学基础上的性格类型”。故选A项。
D
Nowadays, more and more employers and employees work online either full-time or part-time, and that number is continuing growing. It’s believed that flying around the world for face-to-face company meetings is a waste of time and money. An effective choice to get rid of it is to use Web meetings.
A large of group presentations, training classes and meetings are done online without losing the face-to-face experience. Web meetings are online meetings where an organizer invites attendees to listen to or watch an online presentation by presenters. Besides, Web meetings can be recorded for later us.
Presenters can take real-time surveys to study how to hold a successful meeting. Some Web meeting software programs can monitor the users’ desktop behavior to see if they become distracted from the presentation and begin working on other documents. If so the program can tell presenters when the listeners lose their attention, and how long the distraction lasts. In this way, the presenters will know which parts of their meetings need improving.
Web meetings can work well because they’re hosted on a server (服务器). Images from the presenter’s desktop are taken, uploaded to a server and then downloaded by people who have access to the server. Web meetings require a powerful server to deal with several images a second and “serve” them back to thousands of users at the same time.
Companies have two choices when it comes to these servers. They can either buy a special Web meeting server to host their meetings on-site, or they can pay for a Web meeting service every time and let the off-site provider worry about hosting the meetings. The choice depends on how frequently the company holds Web meetings, the average number of people attending the meetings, and the quality of engineering and information technology.
Web meetings are an excellent example of how technology is changing the way we do business. With all the technologies today, the traditional office might soon be a thing of the past.
12. In what way do some Web meeting software programs help improve the meetings?
A. By tracking the users’ state.
B. By giving useful suggestions.
C. By sharing detailed technical data.
D. By providing other presenters’ videos.
13. It’s better for a company to buy a Web meeting server if it ________.
A. relies little on the quality of IT
B. holds Web meetings twice a week
C. doesn’t have so many employees
D. has branches in the same city or province
14. What can we infer about Web meetings?
A. Web meetings help presenters stay focused.
B. Web meetings work without the help of a server.
C. Web meetings determine the quality of engineering.
D. Web meetings are likely to be widely used.
15. The purpose of this passage is ________.
A. to advertise servers used in Web meetings
B. to persuade companies to hold web meetings
C. to introduce the benefits of using Web meetings.
D. to discuss the advantages and disadvantages of Web meetings
【答案】12. A 13. B 14. D 15. C
【解析】
本文是说明文，介绍了网络会议在商务办公方面取代了传统的办公模式，被广泛应用。
【12题详解】
推理判断题。根据第三段中“Some Web meeting software programs can monitor the users’ desktop behavior to see if they become distracted from the presentation and begin working on other documents.（ 一些Web会议软件程序可以监视用户的桌面行为，看看他们是否会分心于演示文稿，并开始处理其他文档。）”可以推断，软件程序是通过跟踪听会者的状态来知道网络会议的哪一部分需要改进的。故选A项。
【13题详解】
推理判断题。根据第五段中“The choice depends on how frequently the company holds Web meetings, the average number of people attending the meetings, and the quality of engineering and information technology.（ 选择取决于公司举行网络会议的频率、出席会议的平均人数以及工程和信息技术的质量。）”，公司可以选择购买一个特殊的网络会议服务器，也可以选择每次支付网络会议服务的费用。由此判断出如果公司每星期举行两次网络会议，使用网络会议频率比较高，那么购买一个网络会议服务器会比较划算。故选B项。
【14题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章第一段最后一句“An effective choice to get rid of it is to use Web meetings.”和最后一段中“With all the technologies today, the traditional office might soon be a thing of the past.”可知， 网络会议可以代替传统办公模式，随着当今所有技术的发展，传统的办公室可能很快就会成为过去。因此可以推断网络会议会越来越广泛地应用。故选D项。
【15题详解】
推理判断题。文章第一段提到“ It’s believed that flying around the world for face-to-face company meetings is a waste of time and money.An effective choice to get rid of it is to use Web meetings. ”和最后一段中提到“Web meetings are an excellent example of how technology is changing the way we do business.”。因此文章介绍了网络会议正在改变我们的商务方式，能避免浪费时间和金钱。由此判断本文的目的是介绍使用网络会议的好处。故选C项。
第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
The year 79 AD would have seemed- just, like any other year in the Roman city of Pompeii. Each day, the streets were filled, with the sounds of busy shops and customers enjoying the city’s many cafes. ____16____
No one gave any thought to Mount Vesuvius, a volcano close to Pompeii. Vesuvius had been inactive for years. The soil in that area was good for agriculture. ____17____ But the sleeping mountain was about to wake up... The eruption when it happened, was unlike anything witnessed before. A huge cloud of hot ash rock rose into the air, covering the surrounding area.
A young man watching from a distance, recorded how the thick dark cloud spread everywhere. ____18____ They took what they could as they tried to get away from the city. But many were trapped by falling buildings.
Suddenly, there was a powerful flow of gas, ash and rock. It moved down Vesuvius at a speed of about 450 kilometres an hour. ____19____ The city was covered by up to six metres of ash. Pompeii became a city frozen in time.
____20____ Many bodies have been found in the same positions in which they fell. Work continues to uncover the rest of the city—and the ancient stories it has to tell.
A. Pompeii was left in total darkness.
B. The city was rediscovered in the mid-18th century.
C. The people of Pompeii had no reason to fear the volcano.
D. People bathed and chatted happily in the beautifully built baths.
E. He described how people were frightened by the sudden disaster.
F. When it reached Pompeii, it immediately killed anyone in its path.
G. Smoke, mud, flames and burning stones spewed from the summit of the mountain.
【答案】16. D 17. C 18. E 19. F 20. B
【解析】
本文是记叙文，讲述了在公元79年意大利庞贝城，维苏威火山突然爆发带来的巨大灾难。
【16题详解】
该段第一句提到“公元79元的罗马庞贝城本该和其他任何一年一样。”空前一句描述庞贝城日常的生活情景。选项D意思为：人们在建造精美的浴池里愉快地沐浴和聊天。选项D也是描述庞贝城中人们的日常生活，顺承空前一句的话题。故选D项。
【17题详解】
选项C意思为：庞贝人没有理由担心沉睡的火山。空前一句提到“维苏威火山已经停止活动多年了”。空前一句说明原因，选项C说明结果。选项C顺承上文的话题。故选C项。
【18题详解】
此题是代词指代线索。选项E意思为：他描述了人们是如何被突如其来的灾难所吓倒的。与上文“一个年轻人从远处观察着，记录下了浓浓的乌云是如何四处蔓延的”为承接关系。选项E中He指代上一句中的A young man。故选E项。
19题详解】
此题是代词指代和词汇复现线索。选项F意思为：当它到达庞贝城时，它立刻使流经路上的人都死去。与上文“它以每小时450公里的速度向维苏威火山移动”为承接关系。选项F中it和空前一句中it都是指代“a powerful flow of gas, ash and rock”。故选F项。
【20题详解】
选项B意思为：这座城市在18世纪中叶被重新发现。与下文“许多尸体都是在他们倒下的地方被发现的”为承接关系。选项B中“rediscover”与下文的“have been found ”和“uncover”语义相同，是词汇复现。故选B项。
第二部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
My 83-year-old mother came to live with me a year ago last November. She was very ill and I had to put my life on hold to ____21____ her.
Each morning, I got her up and ____22____ her and made her breakfast, and sat with her. I rushed for a bowl when she felt sick, and lit fires to keep her warm. I cooked and ____23____ her to take a few bites.
It’s a hard job caring for a sick or dying parent, whoever you are. But it was ____24____ hard for me, a doctor myself. I couldn’t help treating her in two different ways. The medical professional in me led me to examine her in ____25____ as if she were my patient. As a ____26____, I saw the woman who had given birth to me, wiped my nose, sent me to college and had been ____27____ presence in my life for over half a century.
Also, my mother didn’t ____28____ my hard work or understand that other people’s help could have ____29____ the burden.
None of the treatments her doctors gave her _____30_____ , and finally her life became about comfort. When finally she accepted the painkillers, she accepted the fact that she would _____31_____.
Illness and need took us across personal boundary I’d never before considered. We used to argue a lot, _____32_____ during this time we shared stories and memories and we became _____33_____.
When the _____34_____ came, we accepted the fact that we looked at the world in different ways, but what _____35_____ was that we loved each other.
21. A. put up with B. refer to C. care for D. take pride in
22. A. dressed B. taught C. evaluated D. demanded
23. A. warned B. forced C. permitted D. persuaded
24. A. especially B. naturally C. proudly D. acceptably
25. A. enthusiasm B. curiosity C. regret D. coldness
26. A. nurse B. daughter C. doctor D. professor
27. A. constant B. occasional C. dramatic D. fortunate
28. A. enjoy B. challenge C. appreciate D. instruct
29. A. got off B. paid off C. turned off D. taken off
30. A. thought B. changed C. worked D. performed
31. A. die B. recover C. defeat D. improve
32. A. so B. but C. and D. or
33. A. rougher B. tougher C. closer D. harder
34. A. accident B. chances C. event D. end
35. A. ignored B. mattered C. passed D. affected
【答案】21. C 22. A 23. D 24. A 25. D 26. B 27. A 28. C 29. D 30. C 31. A 32. B 33. C 34. D 35. B
【解析】
本文是记叙文。文章叙述了作者照顾病重的母亲的感受。在病重期间，作者和母亲的关系变得更亲密。作者认为母女之间的爱才是最重要的。
【21题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意： 她病得很重，为了照顾她，我不得不把我的生活放在一边。A. put up with忍受；B. refer to参考，涉及到；C. care for关心，照顾；D. take pride in以……为豪。根据下文“Each morning, I got her up and dressed her and made her breakfast, and sat with her.”可知，作者照顾母亲。故选C项。
【22题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：每天早上，我让她起床后，给她穿好衣服，给她做早餐，然后陪她坐着。 A. dressed穿衣；B. taught教；C. evaluated评估；D. demanded要求。按照生活常识，起床后应该是穿好衣服。故选A项。
【23题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我做好饭，说服她吃几口。A. warned警告；B. forced强迫；C. permitted 允许；D. persuaded说服。上文提到“when she felt sick”，作者的母亲病得很重，常常感到恶心，可能吃不下饭，作者就劝母亲吃点。故选D项。
【24题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意： 但这对自己是一名医生的我来说特别难。A. especially 特别地；B. naturally自然地；C. proudly自豪地；D. acceptably可欣然接受地。根据下文“The medical professional in me led me to examine her in ____5____ as if she were my patient. ”可知，作为一名医生，作者得像对待其他患者一样对待母亲，而作者觉得很难做到。故选A项。
【25题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我的医生职业让我冷冷地给她做检查她，好像她是我的病人。 A. enthusiasm热情；B. curiosity好奇；C. regret后悔；D. coldness冷漠。一方面，作者作为一名医生，像对待其他病人一样冷漠地对待母亲。故选D项。
【26题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：作为一个女儿，我看到了那个生我的女人，她给我擦鼻子，送我上大学，半个多世纪以来她一直在我的生活中。A. nurse护士；B. daughter女儿；C. doctor医生；D. professor教授。根据“the woman who had given birth to me”可知，此时作者从一个女儿的角度来看待母亲。故选B项。
【27题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：作为一个女儿，我看到了那个生我的女人，她给我擦鼻子，送我上大学，半个多世纪以来她一直在我的生活中。 A. constant不变的；B. occasional偶尔的；C. dramatic戏剧性的；D. fortunate幸运的。母亲和作者一起生活了半个多世纪，一直存在于作者的生活中。故选A项。
【28题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：同时，我的母亲并不赏识我的努力付出，也不理解其他人的帮助可以减轻我的负担。 A. enjoy喜欢；B. challenge挑战；C. appreciate感激；D. instruct指导，指示。根据runderstand 可知，母亲并不赏识作者的努力付出。故选C项。
【29题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：同时，我的母亲并不赏识我的努力工作，也不理解其他人的帮助可以减轻我的负担。A. got off下车；B. paid off还清债务；C. turned off 关掉；D. taken off减轻，减去。根据 other people’s help 可知，其他人的帮助可以减轻作者的负担。但是母亲不理解。此处是短语take off the burden “卸下重担”。故选D项。
【30题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意： 医生给她的治疗都不起作用。A. thought 思考，认为；B. changed改变；C. worked起作用；D. performed表演。根据下文“finally she accepted the painkillers”可知，治疗不起作用，母亲最后只能接受靠止疼片维持生命。故选C项。
【31题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：当她最终接受止痛药时，她接受了自己会死去的事实。 A. die死；B. recover恢复；C. defeat打败；D. improve改善，改进。母亲最后不得不靠止疼片维持生命，知道自己将不久于人世。故选A项。
【32题详解】
考查连词词义辨析。句意：我们以前经常吵架，但在这段时间里，我们分享故事和回忆，我们变得更亲密了。A. so因此；B. but但是；C. and和，又；D. or或者。前一句说“争吵很多”，后一句说“分享故事和回忆 ”，前后两个句子之间语义转折。故选B项。
【33题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我们以前经常吵架，但在这段时间里，我们分享故事和回忆，我们变得更亲密了。A. rougher更粗糙的；B. tougher更困难的；C. closer 更亲密的；D. harder更难的。根据“we shared stories and memories”可知，作者和母亲关系更亲密。故选C项。
【34题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：当母亲的生命走到尽头时，我们接受了这样一个事实：我们用不同的方式看待这个世界，但重要的是我们彼此相爱。A. accident事故；B. chances 机会；C. event 事件；D. end终点，结束。这里指母亲最后终于去世，离开了作者。故选D项。
【35题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：当母亲的生命走到尽头时，我们接受了这样一个事实：我们用不同的方式看待这个世界，但重要的是我们彼此相爱。A. ignored忽视；B. mattered重要；C. passed通过，经过；D. affected影响。虽然作者和母亲的观点不一致， 但重要的是她们彼此相爱。故选B项。
第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
____36____ (locate) in the north-east of Italy, Venice is known as “The Floating City”. It is made up of over 100 small islands, which are connected by waterways and bridges. ____37____ (fortunate), water is also putting Venice in great danger. Saltwater is slowly damaging the bases of Venice’s buildings. The Floating City is, in fact, sinking.
More problems are caused by floods, ____38____ usually hit the city each winter. But these floods could now be a thing of the past thanks to a new flood ____39____ (prevent) project. Venice lies in ____40____ middle of a lagoon, and rain and strong winds cause seawater to travel through the natural gaps to Venice. Dozens of gates ____41____ (build) to hold back the sea until now. Each of these gates is 20 meters wide, ____42____ the longest about 30 meters long. In the event of a big rise in the water level, the gates will be raised ____43____ (separate) the city from the sea.
But only time will tell ____44____ this project is the right solution. The important thing is that action is being taken to protect this unique city for future generations. And if it works, it means a longer, ____45____ (dry) future for Venice.
【答案】36. Located
37. Unfortunately
38. which 39. prevention
40. the 41. have been built
42. with 43. to separate
44. whether/if
45. drier
【解析】
【分析】
本文是说明文，介绍了威尼斯的一项新的防洪工程，建造了几十个闸门来阻挡海水进入威尼斯。
【36题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：威尼斯位于意大利东北部，被称为“浮城”。短语be located in“位于”，句子主语Venice和locate之间逻辑关系为Venice is located in …，因此用过去分词 作状语。故填Located。
【37题详解】
考查逻辑和副词。句意： 不幸的是，水也给威尼斯带来了巨大的危险。 根据句意，“水使威尼斯处于危险之中”，应该是不幸的事情；修饰整个句子应该用副词形式，故填Unfortunately。
【38题详解】
考查非限制性定语从句。句意：更多的问题是由洪水引起的，洪水通常每年冬天都会袭击这个城市。分析句子结构。设空处后面是定语从句，修饰先行词floods， 在从句中作主语，因此用which引导非限制性定语从句。故填which。
【39题详解】
考查名词。句意：但由于一项新的防洪工程，这些洪水现在可能会成为过去。 修饰名词project，此处用名词prevention，是名词修饰名词。故填prevention。
【40题详解】
考查冠词。句意：威尼斯位于泻湖的中心，雨水和强风使海水通过天然的缝隙流到威尼斯。短语in the middle of “在……的中间”。故填the。
【41题详解】
考查时态和语态。句意：到目前为止，已经建造了几十个闸门来阻挡海水。时间状语until now与现在完成时连用；句子的主语Dozens of gates和build之间为逻辑上的被动关系，因此用现在完成时的被动语态形式have been done；build是不规则变化，动词过去分词为，built。故填have been built。
【42题详解】
考查介词。句意：这些大门各宽20米，最长约30米。此处为with的复合结构“with+宾语the longest +介词短语about 30 meters long”，在句中作伴随状语。故填with。
【43题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：如果水位大幅上升，就会升起闸门，将城市与大海隔开。分析句子结构， 此处用不定式作目的状语，意思为“为了……”。故填to separate。
【44题详解】
考查连接词。句意：但只有时间才能判断这个项目是否是正确的解决方案。根据句意，此处用whether/ if引导宾语从句，意思为“是否”。故填whether/if。
【45题详解】
考查形容词比较级。句意：如果它起作用，那就意味着会为威尼斯带来更长、更干燥的未来。前面有形容词比较级longer，此处相应地用形容词比较级，与 longer并列。
故填drier。
【点睛】“with+宾语+介词短语”的with 复合结构，在句中可以作伴随状语、定语等成分。
He walked into the dark street with a stick in his hand.他手里拿着一根木棍走在漆黑的街上。（作伴随状语）
The city lies in a valley with high mountains around it.这座城市位于群山环抱的山谷中。（作定语）
The young man is shooting at a dog, with a gun in his hands.年轻人手里拿着枪，瞄准一只狗。（作伴随状语）
如本题第7小题，是with的复合结构形式“with+宾语+介词短语”，在句中作伴随状语。
第三部分 写作（共两节，满分40分）
第一节（满分15分）
46.假定你是李华，你的英国朋友Peter来信询问你中国武术的情况，并想来中国学习。请给他回信，内容包括：
1. 中国武术很受欢迎；
2. 推荐他来中国学习太极；
3. 欢迎尽快来中国学习。
注意：1. 词数80左右；
2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
参考词汇：1 武术martial arts 2. 太极Tai chi
Dear Peter,
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours truly,
Li Hua
【答案】Dear Peter,
I’m more than delighted to hear that you are willing to learn Chinese martial arts. They appeal to tens of thousands of people throughout the world so that many come to China to learn them each year.
There are varieties of Chinese martial arts. Among them I’d like to recommend Tai chi to you. First , as a martial art with a long history, Tai chi has been widely acknowledged as an effective way to build up our body. Then, Famous for its graceful and well-balanced movements，Tai Chi provides the mental relaxation as well as physical fitness for us. Therefore, it has become a popular choice to take exercise in recent years.
I’m looking forward to your early coming to China.
Yours truly,
Li Hua
【解析】
【分析】
本篇书面表达属于应用文, 要求写一封回信，向英国朋友Peter推荐学习太极。
【详解】第一步：
审题: 回信，向英国朋友Peter推荐学习太极
人称：第三人称
时态： 一般现在时
结构： 总分法，分三部分，第一部分说明中国武术很受欢迎，第二部分推荐Peter来中国学习太极及原因，第三部分欢迎尽快来中国学习。
要点：
1. 说明中国武术很受欢迎
2．向Peter推荐来中国学习太极的原因
①太极具有悠久历史，被认为是强身健体有效的方法
② 太极动作优雅、平衡
③ 太极让我们精神放松、身体健康。
3．希望Peter早点来中国学习
第二步：列提纲（重点词汇、短语 ）
be delighted to do…；be willing to do…；appeal to；Chinese martial art；recommend …to sb.；be widely acknowledged as；build up one’s body；be famous for；graceful；well-balanced；provides…for sb.；mental relaxation；physical fitness；a popular choice；take exercise
第三步：连词成句
(1) You are willing to learn Chinese martial arts.
(2)They appeal to tens of thousands of people throughout the world .
(3) Many come to China to learn them each year.
(4) There are varieties of Chinese martial arts.
(5) I’d like to recommend Tai chi to you.
(6) Tai chi has been widely acknowledged as an effective way to build up our body.
(7) Tai chi is famous for its graceful and well-balanced movements.
(8) Tai Chi provides the mental relaxation as well as physical fitness for us.
(9) It has become a popular choice to take exercise.
根据提示和关键词进行遣词造句,适当地运用句型，注意时态和主谓一致问题。
第四步：连句成篇(衔接词)
表示时间顺序： first of all; to begin/start with , in the beginning
firstly.... secondly .... lastly / finally/in the end
表示并列或补充关系： what is more; besides, moreover, apart from;
in addition, as well as；not only…but(also), meanwhile, in the meantime, some...some…others
表示转折对比关系：but, however, although, though, yet, while
on one hand…on the other hand ...,
表示因果关系：because, as, therefore, as a result, as a consequence, consequently, thus
连句成文，运用恰当的衔接词进行句子之间的衔接与过渡，使句与句之间逻辑性更强、
段与段之间结构清晰。
【点睛】范文要点全面，结构清晰，层次分明，上下文连贯，在表达时用到了很多高级词汇，如 be willing to do…；appeal to；Chinese martial art；recommend …to sb.；be widely acknowledged as；build up one’s body；be famous for；graceful；well-balanced；provides…for sb.；mental relaxation；physical fitness；a popular choice；take exercise 等；复杂句式的运用提升了文章层次，如so that引导的结果状语从句的运用They appeal to tens of thousands of people throughout the world so that many come to China to learn them each year；形容词短语作状语的运用Famous for its graceful and well-balanced movements，Tai Chi provides the mental relaxation as well as physical fitness for us等。
第二节（满分25分）
47.阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。续写的词数应为150左右。
It was Susan’s 12th birthday. She had been expecting to receive a yo-yo (悠悠球) from her parents as her birthday gift for several months. However, she received a purple dress instead, which made her really disappointed.
“I only want a yo-yo as my birthday present. I don’t want the dress and I hate purple.” Susan shouted at her mother when she saw the dress. “Even a five-year-old child has a yo-yo. Do you know why others don’t want to be my friends? It is all because I don’t have a yo-yo. It is so boring to live in this house,” Susan said angrily.
Her mother ignored her complaints and changed the topic, saying, “Uncle Brown, Uncle Smith, Aunt Aniston and their children are coming for dinner tonight. So, you can play with your cousins.” “But, I don’t think there is anything interesting to play in the house.” Susan complained again.
The guests arrived at 6:00 pm. Susan guided the four children who came with the adults to her room. “Do you have any interesting toys? Susan...” asked Jim, one of the children. Susan felt that Jim was asking for a yo-yo. She felt embarrassed and brought out her Snakes and Ladders (蛇梯棋). All the children played the game together. Everyone enjoyed playing the game except Susan. After a little while, her cousin Sara asked, “Susan, can we go downstairs to the basement?” Susan said, “No, there is nothing interesting to play in it. Ignoring Susan’s words, the children raced to the basement excitedly. They found there were some empty cartons, ropes, old broken toys…” Upon seeing this, Sara came up with an idea- the memory game. She arranged a few things on the floor and closed her eyes. Then Jim took away an object randomly and Sara should guess what the missing object was.
Paragraph 1:
When Susan arrived there later, she looked at the children in surprise.
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Paragraph 2:
That night after the guests left, Susan sat alone in her room.
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】When Susan arrived there later, she looked at the children in surprise. They were playing with what Susan considered boring happily. Seeing this, Susan understood that although there was no yo-yo, they could also enjoy themselves. Jim asked her to join them playing together instantly he saw Susan. It was at that moment that Susan realized she had focused too much on what she didn’t have but ignored what she had.
That night after the guests left, Susan sat alone in her room. On her bed was the purple dress given to her as a birthday gift. She thought to herself, “It seems that the dress doesn’t look that bad. Actually, I like all the clothes Mom bought for me.” She was sorry for having shouted at her mother. So she ran to Moms room and said, “Sorry, Mom. I should be satisfied with what I own.” Hearing the words, her mother hugged her in arms tightly, happy and touched about Susan’s change.
【解析】
【分析】
本篇书面表达是读后续写。通过阅读所给文章可知，Susan想要得到一个悠悠球作为生日礼物，但是她的妈妈却给她买了一条紫色的连衣裙，因此Susan很不高兴。她觉得没有悠悠球，就没有什么有趣的东西玩了。当客人们来了，Susan拿出蛇梯棋招待小朋友们，小朋友们也玩得很高兴。后来他们到Susan家的地下室去。地下室放了很多Susan的旧玩具。他们玩起了记忆游戏。
【详解】续写部分分为两段，第1段开头是：苏珊后来到那里时，惊奇地看着孩子们。接下来应该写她看到孩子们没有悠悠球也玩得很高兴。于是Susan和他们一起玩，过了一个愉快的生日。苏珊意识到自己没有珍惜现在所拥有的东西，而是把太多的注意力集中在她没有的东西上。
第2段开头是： 那天晚上，客人们离开后，苏珊独自坐在她的房间里。 下面应该写她看到妈妈送给她的紫色连衣裙，觉得很漂亮。想起自己对妈妈的态度，感到很后悔。于是她为自己的行为向妈妈道歉。
续写时要注意先读懂原文的故事，理解原文故事中的隐含意义，这样在续写时才能保持原文的主题和写作风格。
【点睛】本文描写详略得当，重点突出，同时表达时也使用了很多高级词汇，如arrive；look at ；in surprise；play with ；boring；enjoy oneself； at that moment；realize ；focus on ；ignore；a birthday gift；think to oneself；shout at；be satisfied with；hug；touched 等；还运用了复杂的句式，提升文章的表达层次，如现在分词作状语的运用 Seeing this, Susan understood…；instantly引导时间状语的运用Jim asked her to join them playing together instantly he saw Susan；强调句型的运用 It was at that moment that Susan realized she had focused too much on what she didn’t have but ignored what she had；倒装句式的运用On her bed was the purple dress given to her as a birthday gift等。
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