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      高中英语人教版 (2019)选择性必修 第一册Unit 1 People of Achievement精品同步达标检测题

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      这是一份高中英语人教版 (2019)选择性必修 第一册Unit 1 People of Achievement精品同步达标检测题,共37页。试卷主要包含了 A等内容,欢迎下载使用。
      Passage 1…………………………………………………………1
      短文语法填空
      Passage 2…………………………………………………………5
      Passage 3…………………………………………………………7
      Passage 4…………………………………………………………10
      Passage 5…………………………………………………………12
      Passage 6…………………………………………………………15
      Passage 7…………………………………………………………17
      Passage 8…………………………………………………………20
      精读篇
      Passage 1
      In 1967, the Chinese gvernment frmed a team f scientists with the bjective f 1______ a new treatment fr malaria. Tu Yuyu was amng the first researchers 2______. She had always been a 3______ scientist, deeply 4______ t her wrk. At that time, cnventinal medicine had 5______ t find an effective cure, and millins f lives were at 6______.
      Tu began by 7______ ancient Chinese medical texts. Her team 8______ ver 2,000 ld bks and evaluated mre than 280,000 plants fr their medicinal 9______. They 10______ 380 distinct treatments that shwed prmise. One text frm the furth century suggested using the extract frm sweet wrmwd t 11______ fever. Hwever, when they biled the plant as usual, it did nt wrk. The active substance seemed t be 12______ by high temperatures.
      Then, by 13______, she fund a sentence in Ge Hng’s Elbw Reserve fr Emergencies suggesting a different methd: “Sak the herb in water and wring ut the juice.” This gave her a new idea. Instead f biling, she used a lwer temperature t draw ut the extract. After failing ver 190 times, the team finally 14______ a substance that wrked. T ensure its safety, Tu and her clleagues insisted n 15______ it n themselves first.
      Later, the medicine was tested n malaria patients, mst f whm recvered. Artemisinin became a standard treatment, saving hundreds f thusands f lives. Upn hearing she had wn the Nbel Prize, Tu said, “The hnur is nt just mine. There is a team behind me.”
      ( )1. A. discvering B. finding C. inventing D. creating
      ( )2. A. invited B. chsen C. selected D. appinted
      ( )3. A. cmmitted B. dedicated C. determined D. devted
      ( )4. A. attached B. cmmitted C. devted D. linked
      ( )5. A. failed B. managed C. tried D. attempted
      ( )6. A. crucial B. vital C. essential D. significant
      ( )7. A. reviewing B. reading C. studying D. checking
      ( )8. A. evaluate B. examine C. analyze D. assess
      ( )9. A. prperties B. features C. qualities D. characteristics
      ( )10. A. btain B. achieve C. discver D. acquire
      ( )11. A. relieve B. cure C. heal D. treat
      ( )12. A. damaged B. destryed C. ruined D. harmed
      ( )13. A. chance B. accident C. luck D. frtune
      ( )14. A. discver B. achieve C. btain D. gain
      ( )15. A. practicing B. trying C. experimenting D. testing
      答案
      1.A 2.B 3.A 4.C 5.A 6.D 7.A 8.B 9.A 10.C 11.D 12.B 13.A 14.C 15.D
      答案解析
      1. 结合前文“with the bjective f”(以……为目标),政府组建团队的目标是“发现”治疗疟疾的新疗法,discvering(发现)符合语境;finding侧重“找到”,inventing、creating侧重“创造”,均不贴合“探索新疗法”的语义,故选A。
      2. 前文提到“frmed a team f scientists”,屠呦呦是首批被“选中”的研究人员,chsen(被选中的)符合语境;invited(被邀请的)、selected(被挑选的,侧重精挑细选)、appinted(被任命的),均不贴合“首批入选团队”的语境,故选B。
      3. 结合后文“deeply devted t her wrk”(全身心投入工作),此处形容屠呦呦是“尽心尽力的科学家”,cmmitted(尽心尽力的)符合语境;dedicated与devted语义重复(后文已出现devted),determined(坚定的)侧重意志,不符合此处“投入工作”的核心语义,故选A。
      4. “be devted t ne’s wrk”为固定搭配,意为“全身心投入工作”,devted符合固定搭配及语境;cmmitted需搭配t ding,attached、linked语义不贴合,故选C。
      5. 结合后文“millins f lives were at significant”(数百万人生命攸关),可知传统医学“未能”找到有效疗法,failed(未能)符合语境;managed(设法做到)与语境矛盾,tried、attempted(尝试)未体现“失败”的结果,故选A。
      6. 前文提到“传统医学未能找到有效疗法”,可知数百万人的生命处于“重要关头”,结合选项,significant(重要的)符合“生命攸关”的语境;crucial、vital、essential均为“关键的”,但不与at搭配,故选D。
      7. 结合语境,屠呦呦开始“查阅”古代医书,reviewing(查阅,回顾)侧重对文献的系统查看,符合语境;reading(阅读)、studying(学习)、checking(检查)均不贴合“研究古籍找疗法”的动作,故选A。
      8. 结合语境,团队需要“查阅、查看”2000多本古籍,examine(查阅,检查)侧重对书籍、资料的仔细查看,符合语境;evaluate(评估)、analyze(分析)、assess(评估)均侧重“判断、分析”,与“查看古籍”的动作不符,故选B。
      9. “medicinal prperties”为固定搭配,意为“药用特性”,prperties(特性,性质)符合固定搭配;features(特征)、qualities(品质)、characteristics(特点)均不与medicinal搭配表“药用特性”,故选A。
      10. 团队在查阅古籍、评估植物后,“发现”了380种有希望的疗法,discver(发现,指发现原本存在但未被知晓的事物)符合语境;btain(获得)、achieve(实现)、acquire(习得)均不贴合“发现新疗法”的语义,故选C。
      11. 结合语境,古籍建议用青蒿提取物“治疗”发烧,treat(治疗,侧重治疗动作)符合语境;cure(治愈,侧重治愈结果)、heal(愈合,侧重伤口)、relieve(缓解,侧重减轻症状),均不贴合“治疗发烧”的语义,故选D。
      12. 结合前文“biled the plant as usual, it did nt wrk”,可知高温“破坏”了活性物质,destryed(破坏,彻底摧毁)符合语境;damaged(损坏,侧重部分受损)、ruined(毁坏,侧重无法修复)、harmed(伤害,侧重对生物的伤害),故选B。
      13. “by chance”为固定搭配,意为“偶然”,此处指她偶然发现古籍中的句子,chance符合固定搭配;accident(意外)、luck(运气)、frtune(运气)均不与by搭配表“偶然”,故选A。
      14. 结合前文“失败190多次后”,团队最终“获得”了有效的物质,btain(获得,指通过努力得到)符合语境;achieve(实现,侧重达成目标)、discver(发现,此处是通过实验得到,而非发现原有事物)、gain(获得,侧重利益、好处),故选C。
      15. 结合前文“T ensure its safety”(为确保安全性),屠呦呦和同事坚持“测试”这种物质,testing(测试,侧重检验效果)符合语境;trying(尝试)、experimenting(实验,侧重探索)、practicing(练习),均不贴合“检验药物安全性”的语境,故选D。
      短语搭配梳理(核心必记)
      1. 动词短语
      frm a team 组建团队
      discver a new treatment 发现新疗法
      be devted t ne’s wrk 全身心投入工作
      fail t d sth. 未能做某事
      find an effective cure 找到有效疗法
      review ancient texts 查阅古籍
      评估……的……(此处为evaluate plants fr their medicinal prperties 评估植物的药用特性)
      shw prmise 显示出希望
      draw ut the extract 提取提取物
      insist n ding sth. 坚持做某事
      test sth. n neself 亲自测试某物
      save lives 拯救生命
      upn hearing 一听到……
      2. 介词短语
      with the bjective f 以……为目标
      at significant 处于重要关头(此处结合语境,对应“生命攸关”)
      by chance 偶然
      instead f 代替,而不是
      after ding sth. 做某事之后
      文章句式结构梳理(重点学习)
      1.简单句(核心主干清晰,适合仿写)
      例句:Tu Yuyu was amng the first researchers chsen.
      (屠呦呦是首批被选中的研究人员之一。)
      结构:主语(Tu Yuyu)+ 系动词(was)+ 表语(amng the first researchers)+ 过去分词作后置定语(chsen)。
      2.复合句(定语从句、状语从句,提升句式复杂度)
      定语从句
      例句:Later, the medicine was tested n malaria patients, mst f whm recvered.(后来,这种药物在疟疾患者身上进行了测试,其中大多数人都康复了。)
      结构:主句(the medicine was tested n malaria patients)+ 非限制性定语从句(mst f whm recvered),whm指代malaria patients。
      状语从句
      例句:When they biled the plant as usual, it did nt wrk.(当他们像往常一样煮这种植物时,它并没有效果。)
      结构:时间状语从句(When they biled the plant as usual)+ 主句(it did nt wrk)。
      例句:After failing ver 190 times, the team finally btained a substance that wrked.(在失败了190多次后,团队终于获得了一种有效的物质。)
      结构:时间状语(After failing ver 190 times)+ 主句(the team finally btained a substance)+ 定语从句(that wrked,修饰substance)。
      不定式结构(表目的、补充说明)
      例句:The Chinese gvernment frmed a team f scientists with the bjective f discvering a new treatment fr malaria.(中国政府组建了一支科学家团队,目标是发现治疗疟疾的新疗法。)
      结构:with the bjective f ding sth.(以做某事为目标),不定式作后置定语修饰bjective。
      例句:T ensure its safety, Tu and her clleagues insisted n testing it n themselves first.
      (为了确保其安全性,屠呦呦和她的同事坚持先亲自测试。)
      结构:不定式短语(T ensure its safety)作目的状语,位于句首。
      基础篇
      Passage 2
      Flrence Nightingale was brn in 1820 in Italy t a wealthy British family. Frm a yung age, she felt a strng calling t help thers. 1______ her parents’ wishes fr her t live a cmfrtable life, she decided t becme a nurse. In thse days, nursing was nt cnsidered a 2______ jb. Hspitals were dirty, and many nurses were untrained.
      When the Crimean War brke ut in 1854, Flrence went t Turkey t care fr wunded sldiers. She brught clean clthes, fd, and medicine. She wrked day and night, walking thrugh the hspital wards with a lamp in her hand. Sldiers called her “the Lady with the Lamp.” Thanks t her effrts, the death rate 3______ greatly.
      After the war, she cntinued t 4______ hspital cnditins. She 5______ bks abut nursing and helped 6______ prfessinal nurses. She 7______ great patience t teach the nurses, making sure they culd 8______ their wrk well. Her 9______ t nursing changed peple’s views n the jb.
      Many yung wmen were 10______ by her stry and decided t becme nurses. Tday, Internatinal Nurses Day is celebrated n May 12, her birthday, t 11______ her great cntributins. Flrence Nightingale is 12______ as the “mther f mdern nursing.” Her 13______ and devtin have 14______ peple all ver the wrld fr mre than a century. We shuld always 15______ her spirit f helping thers.
      ( )1. A. despite B. althugh C. because D. since
      ( )2. A. respectable B. valuable C. imprtant D. useful
      ( )3. A. imprved B. changed C. reduced D. rse
      ( )4. A. destry B. wrsen C. better D. ignre
      ( )5. A. brrwed B. read C. bught D. wrte
      ( )6. A. find B. train C. hire D. meet
      ( )7. A. wasted B. lst C. lacked D. shwed
      ( )8. A. d B. finish C. start D. stp
      ( )9. A. dream B. effrt C. plan D. advice
      ( )10. A. inspired B. disappinted C. surprised D. frightened
      ( )11. A. remember B. frget C. hnr D. praise
      ( )12. A. cnsidered B. called C. regarded D. knwn
      ( )13. A. curage B. kindness C. wisdm D. patience
      ( )14. A. encuraged B. discuraged C. bred D. tired
      ( )15. A. learn B. remember C. fllw D. frget
      答案
      1.A 2.A 3.C 4.C 5.D 6.B 7.D 8.A 9.B 10.A 11.C 12.D 13.B 14.A 15.C
      答案解析
      1. 考查连词辨析。句意:尽管父母希望她过舒适的生活,她还是决定成为一名护士。despite(尽管)是介词,后接名词/名词短语;althugh(尽管)是连词,后接句子;because(因为)、since(既然)表原因。此处“her parents’ wishes”是名词短语,故选A。
      2. 考查形容词辨析。句意:那时候,护理不被认为是一份体面的工作。respectable(体面的,值得尊敬的)符合语境;valuable(有价值的)、imprtant(重要的)、useful(有用的)均不贴合“当时护理行业不受重视”的背景,故选A。
      3. 考查动词辨析。句意:由于她的努力,死亡率大幅下降。reduced(减少,下降)符合语境;imprved(改善)、changed(改变)语义模糊;rse(上升)与语境相反,故选C。
      4. 考查动词辨析。句意:战后,她继续改善医院条件。better(改善,使变好)符合语境;wrsen(恶化)、destry(破坏)、ignre(忽视)均与她的行为不符,故选C。
      5. 考查动词辨析。句意:她写了关于护理的书籍,并帮助培训专业护士。wrte(写)符合语境;read(读)、bught(买)、brrwed(借)均不贴合“传播护理知识”的语义,故选D。
      6. 考查动词辨析。句意:她写了关于护理的书籍,并帮助培训专业护士。train(培训)符合语境;find(找到)、hire(雇佣)、meet(遇见)均与“提升护士专业度”无关,故选B。
      7. 考查动词辨析。句意:她表现出极大的耐心教护士们,确保她们能做好自己的工作。shwed(表现出)符合语境;lst(失去)、lacked(缺乏)、wasted(浪费)均与语境相反,故选D。
      8. 考查动词辨析。句意:她表现出极大的耐心教护士们,确保她们能做好自己的工作。d ne’s wrk well(做好工作)是固定搭配,d符合语境;finish(完成)、start(开始)、stp(停止)均不贴合搭配和语义,故选A。
      9. 考查名词辨析。句意:她对护理的努力改变了人们对这份工作的看法。effrt(努力)符合语境;dream(梦想)、plan(计划)、advice(建议)均不贴合“她长期付出”的语义,故选B。
      10. 考查动词辨析。句意:许多年轻女性被她的故事激励,决定成为护士。inspired(激励)符合语境;disappinted(失望)、surprised(惊讶)、frightened(害怕)均与语境不符,故选A。
      11. 考查动词辨析。句意:如今,国际护士节在5月12日(她的生日)庆祝,以纪念她的巨大贡献。hnr(纪念,致敬)符合语境;frget(忘记)与语境相反;remember(记得)、praise(表扬)语义不贴合“节日的目的”,故选C。
      12. 考查固定搭配。句意:弗洛伦斯·南丁格尔被称为“现代护理之母”。be knwn as(被称为,被认为是)是固定搭配,knwn符合语境;called(被叫做)需搭配be called sth.,不接as;regarded(被认为)、cnsidered(被认为)需搭配as,但此处侧重“广为人知的称号”,故选D。
      13. 考查名词辨析。句意:她的善良和奉献精神一个多世纪以来激励着全世界的人们。kindness(善良)符合她“帮助他人”的形象;curage(勇气)、wisdm(智慧)、patience(耐心)均不是此处强调的核心品质,故选B。
      14. 考查动词辨析。句意:她的善良和奉献精神一个多世纪以来激励着全世界的人们。encuraged(激励)符合语境;discuraged(使气馁)、bred(使无聊)、tired(使疲惫)均与语境相反,故选A。
      15. 考查动词辨析。句意:我们应该永远追随她乐于助人的精神。fllw(追随,践行)符合语境;learn(学习)需搭配learn frm;remember(记得)、frget(忘记)均不贴合“践行精神”的语义,故选C。
      Passage 3
      Albert Einstein was brn in Germany in 1879. As a child, he was quiet and 1______. He didn’t speak until he was three years ld, which wrried his parents. But he lved learning, especially math and science. When he was 16, he tried t 2______ university but failed the general part f the exam. Hwever, he passed the science sectin with excellent scres.
      He studied hard and 3______ university in Switzerland tw years later. While wrking at a patent ffice, he 4______ his famus thery f relativity. His frmula E=mc² changed hw we 5______ energy and matter. He 6______ many imprtant papers and made great cntributins t science.
      In 1921, he wn the Nbel Prize fr Physics fr explaining the phtelectric effect. Einstein was nt nly a genius but als a kind man. He ften 7______ things like birthdays, but peple lved him fr his 8______ and humr. He nce jked, “I am mistaken fr Prfessr Einstein!”
      He 9______ t help thers and ften gave lectures t students fr free. His 10______ abut the universe helped scientists make mre 11______. Even tday, his theries are still 12______ in scientific research. We can learn a lt frm his 13______ and lve fr learning. He taught us that 14______ and hard wrk can lead t great achievements. Einstein will always be 15______ as ne f the greatest scientists in histry.
      选项
      ( )1. A. thughtful B. careful C. serius D. clever
      ( )2. A. attended B. jined C. entered D. visited
      ( )3. A. entered B. jined C. attended D. visited
      ( )4. A. made B. created C. invented D. develped
      ( )5. A. knwledge B. understanding C. idea D. learn
      ( )6. A. wrte B. read C. cpied D. printed
      ( )7. A. frgt B. remembered C. nticed D. fund
      ( )8. A. patience B. kindness C. wisdm D. curage
      ( )9. A. refused B. tried C. avided D. hated
      ( )10. A. stries B. bks C. wrds D. theries
      ( )11. A. prblems B. mistakes C. discveries D. trubles
      ( )12. A. useful B. useless C. difficult D. easy
      ( )13. A. carelessness B. laziness C. curisity D. shyness
      ( )14. A. wealth B. curisity C. fame D. luck
      ( )15. A. remembered B. frgtten C. hated D. ignred
      答案
      1.A 2.C 3.A 4.D 5.B 6.A 7.A 8.C 9.B 10.D 11.C 12.A 13.C 14.B 15.A
      答案解析
      1. 考查形容词辨析。句意:小时候,他安静且善于思考。thughtful(善于思考的)符合爱因斯坦“热爱科学、钻研知识”的形象;careful(细心的)、serius(严肃的)、clever(聪明的)均不贴合“爱思考、爱钻研”的核心语义,故选A。
      2. 考查动词辨析。句意:16岁时,他试图进入大学,但没有通过考试的常规部分。enter(进入)侧重“进入某所学校/机构”,符合语境;jin(加入)侧重加入组织/团体;attend(出席)侧重参加活动/上课;visited(参观)语义不符,故选C。
      3. 考查动词辨析。句意:他努力学习,两年后进入了瑞士的一所大学。enter(进入)与上一题语境一致,侧重“考入大学”;jin、attend、visited均不符合“考入”的语义,故选A。
      4. 考查动词辨析。句意:在专利局工作期间,他提出了著名的相对论。develped(提出,发展)符合“理论的研发”;created(创造)、invented(发明)侧重“创造新事物”;made(制作)语义不符,故选D。
      5. 考查动词辨析。句意:他的公式E=mc²改变了我们对能量和物质的理解方式。understanding(理解)此处为动词-ing形式,符合“hw and matter”的句式;knwledge(知识)、idea(想法)是名词,无法作谓语;learn(学习)语义不贴合,故选B。
      6. 考查动词辨析。句意:他写了许多重要论文,为科学做出了巨大贡献。wrte(写)符合“论文”的搭配;read(读)、cpied(抄写)、printed(印刷)均不贴合“贡献”的语义,故选A。
      7. 考查动词辨析。句意:他经常忘记生日之类的事情,但人们因为他的智慧和幽默而喜爱他。frgt(忘记)符合爱因斯坦“专注于科学、忽略琐事”的形象;remembered(记得)与语境相反;nticed(注意到)、fund(发现)语义不符,故选A。
      8. 考查名词辨析。句意:他经常忘记生日之类的事情,但人们因为他的智慧和幽默而喜爱他。wisdm(智慧)符合爱因斯坦“科学家、天才”的身份;kindness(善良)、patience(耐心)、curage(勇气)均不是此处强调的核心品质,故选C。
      9. 考查动词辨析。句意:他努力帮助别人,经常免费给学生们讲课。tried(努力,试图)符合“try t d sth.(努力做某事)”的搭配;refused(拒绝)、avided(避免)、hated(讨厌)均与语境相反,故选B。
      10. 考查名词辨析。句意:他关于宇宙的理论帮助科学家们做出了更多发现。theries(理论)符合他“科学家”的身份,与前文“thery f relativity”呼应;bks(书)、wrds(话)、stries(故事)均不贴合“科学研究”的语境,故选D。
      11. 考查名词辨析。句意:他关于宇宙的理论帮助科学家们做出了更多发现。discveries(发现)符合“科学研究”的语境;mistakes(错误)、prblems(问题)、trubles(麻烦)均与语境相反,故选C。
      12. 考查形容词辨析。句意:即使在今天,他的理论在科学研究中仍然有用。useful(有用的)符合语境;useless(无用的)与语境相反;difficult(困难的)、easy(容易的)语义不贴合,故选A。
      13. 考查名词辨析。句意:我们可以从他的好奇心和对学习的热爱中学到很多。curisity(好奇心)是科学研究的重要品质,符合爱因斯坦的形象;laziness(懒惰)、carelessness(粗心)、shyness(害羞)均为负面词汇,与语境不符,故选C。
      14. 考查名词辨析。句意:他告诉我们,好奇心和努力工作可以带来伟大的成就。curisity(好奇心)与上一题呼应,是科学探索的动力;wealth(财富)、fame(名声)、luck(运气)均不符合“成功的关键”,故选B。
      15. 考查动词辨析。句意:爱因斯坦将永远被铭记为历史上最伟大的科学家之一。remembered(铭记,记得)符合语境;frgtten(忘记)、hated(讨厌)、ignred(忽视)均与语境相反,故选A。
      Passage 4
      Mei Lanfang was ne f China’s greatest Peking Opera perfrmers. Brn in Beijing in 1894, he started 1______ at the age f eight. He 2______ every day, 3______ singing, acting, and martial arts. By his twenties, he had develped a unique style knwn as the “Mei Schl.”
      His perfrmances were 4______ and mving, attracting thusands f audiences. He 5______ Peking Opera t mre peple and made it mre ppular. During the Japanese invasin, Mei 6______ t perfrm fr the enemy. T shw his 7______, he grew a beard, knwing that pera actrs must have clean faces.
      He 8______ a hard life during the invasin but never gave up his belief. After the war, he perfrmed again and even tk his art abrad, helping peple arund the wrld 9______ Chinese culture. He 10______ many freign audiences with his wnderful perfrmances.
      Mei Lanfang 11______ a lt t the develpment f Peking Opera. He 12______ yung perfrmers and passed n his skills. Tday, Mei Lanfang is remembered nt nly fr his 13______ but als fr his 14______ and lve fr his cuntry. His spirit will 15______ frever in the hearts f Chinese peple.
      选项
      ( )1. A. study B. practice C. exercise D. training
      ( )2. A. practiced B. played C. wrked D. rested
      ( )3. A. mastered B. learned C. knew D. understd
      ( )4. A. tiring B. bring C. beautiful D. cnfusing
      ( )5. A. lent B. shwed C. gave D. intrduced
      ( )6. A. denied B. refused C. rejected D. avided
      ( )7. A. lyalty B. hnesty C. bravery D. kindness
      ( )8. A. had B. led C. lived D. enjyed
      ( )9. A. knw B. understand C. learn D. appreciate
      ( )10. A. impressed B. disappinted C. surprised D. frightened
      ( )11. A. prvided B. gave C. ffered D. cntributed
      ( )12. A. encuraged B. helped C. taught D. guided
      ( )13. A. talent B. curage C. wisdm D. patience
      ( )14. A. curage B. lyalty C. hnesty D. kindness
      ( )15. A. exist B. live C. remain D. stay
      答案
      1.D 2.A 3.A 4.C 5.D 6.B 7.A 8.C 9.D 10.A 11.D 12.C 13.A 14.A 15.B
      答案解析
      1. 考查名词辨析。句意:1894年生于北京,他8岁开始接受训练。training(训练)侧重“专业技能的培训”,符合京剧演员的成长背景;practice(练习)侧重“反复练习”;exercise(锻炼)侧重“体能锻炼”;study(学习)侧重“知识学习”,故选D。
      2. 考查动词辨析。句意:他每天练习,掌握了唱、念、做、打(演唱、表演和武术)。practiced(练习)符合“每天坚持提升技能”的语境;played(玩耍)、wrked(工作)、rested(休息)均不贴合“京剧练习”的语义,故选A。
      3. 考查动词辨析。句意:他每天练习,掌握了唱、念、做、打(演唱、表演和武术)。mastered(掌握,精通)符合“长期练习后达到的水平”;learned(学习)、knew(知道)、understd(理解)均不体现“精通”的程度,故选A。
      4. 考查形容词辨析。句意:他的表演优美动人,吸引了成千上万的观众。beautiful(优美的)符合京剧表演的特点;bring(无聊的)、tiring(疲惫的)、cnfusing(令人困惑的)均与“吸引观众”的语境相反,故选C。
      5. 考查动词辨析。句意:他把京剧介绍给更多人,使它更受欢迎。intrduced(介绍)符合“传播京剧”的语义;shwed(展示)、gave(给予)、lent(借出)均不贴合“让更多人了解京剧”的语境,故选D。
      6. 考查动词辨析。句意:抗日战争期间,梅兰芳拒绝为敌人表演。refused(拒绝)侧重“主动拒绝不合理的要求”,符合语境;denied(否认)、rejected(拒绝,侧重拒绝接受某物)、avided(避免)均不贴合“拒绝为敌人表演”的语义,故选B。
      7. 考查名词辨析。句意:为了表明他的忠诚,他留起了胡子,因为他知道京剧演员必须面部干净。lyalty(忠诚)此处指对国家的忠诚,符合语境;hnesty(诚实)、bravery(勇气)、kindness(善良)均不贴合“拒绝为敌人表演、表明立场”的语义,故选A。
      8. 考查动词辨析。句意:抗战期间,他过着艰难的生活,但从未放弃自己的信念。lived(过……生活)符合“live a hard life(过艰难的生活)”的固定搭配;led(带领)、had(有)、enjyed(享受)均不贴合搭配和语境,故选C。
      9. 考查动词辨析。句意:战后,他再次登台表演,甚至把他的艺术带到国外,帮助世界各地的人们欣赏中国文化。appreciate(欣赏)符合“艺术传播”的语境;understand(理解)、learn(学习)、knw(知道)均不贴合“欣赏艺术”的语义,故选D。
      10. 考查动词辨析。句意:他精彩的表演给许多外国观众留下了深刻印象。impressed(给……留下印象)符合“精彩表演”的语境;disappinted(使失望)、surprised(使惊讶)、frightened(使害怕)均与语境不符,故选A。
      11. 考查动词辨析。句意:梅兰芳为京剧的发展做出了巨大贡献。cntributed(贡献)符合“cntribute t(为……做贡献)”的固定搭配;gave(给予)、ffered(提供)、prvided(提供)均不贴合该搭配,故选D。
      12. 考查动词辨析。句意:他教导年轻演员,传授自己的技艺。taught(教导,教授)符合“传授技能”的语境;helped(帮助)、encuraged(鼓励)、guided(指导)均不体现“传授技艺”的核心动作,故选C。
      13. 考查名词辨析。句意:如今,人们记住梅兰芳,不仅因为他的才华,还因为他的勇气和爱国情怀。talent(才华)符合他“京剧大师”的身份;curage(勇气)、wisdm(智慧)、patience(耐心)均不是此处强调的“核心天赋”,故选A。
      14. 考查名词辨析。句意:如今,人们记住梅兰芳,不仅因为他的才华,还因为他的勇气和爱国情怀。curage(勇气)呼应前文“拒绝为敌人表演”的行为;lyalty(忠诚)、hnesty(诚实)、kindness(善良)均不贴合“反抗敌人”的语境,故选A。
      15. 考查动词辨析。句意:他的精神将永远活在中国人民的心中。live(活在,永存)符合“精神传承”的语境;exist(存在)、remain(保持)、stay(停留)均不贴合“精神永存”的情感表达,故选B。
      提高篇
      Passage 5
      Marie Curie was brn in Pland in 1867. At that time, wmen were nt allwed t attend university there. 1______ t study science, she mved t Paris and 2______ at Srbnne University. She lived simply, ften studying late int the night, and 3______ every chance t learn.
      She met Pierre Curie, a fellw scientist, and they married. Tgether, they studied radiactivity—a term she 4______. They 5______ hard and 6______ tw new elements: plnium and radium. Fr this, they shared the 1903 Nbel Prize in Physics. Later, after Pierre’s tragic death, Marie cntinued her research alne and wn anther Nbel Prize in Chemistry in 1911.
      Her wrk laid the 7______ fr mdern physics and cancer treatment. She 8______ little attentin t fame and wealth, devting all her life t science. Yet, due t cnstant 9______ t radiatin, she died in 1934. Her ntebks are still t radiactive t tuch tday.
      Marie Curie is a great rle mdel fr wmen arund the wrld. She 10______ that wmen can achieve great things in science. Her 11______ and perseverance have inspired many peple. She 12______ us that hard wrk and dedicatin can lead t success. Tday, her 13______ are still used in medical research t help treat cancer. We shuld 14______ her spirit and keep pursuing ur dreams. Marie Curie will always be 15______ as ne f the greatest scientists in histry.
      选项
      ( )1. A. determined B. stubbrn C. prud D. brave
      ( )2. A. registered B. enrlled C. signed up D. jined
      ( )3. A. wasted B. missed C. tk D. refused
      ( )4. A. named B. invented C. created D. cined
      ( )5. A. wrked B. studied C. researched D. tried
      ( )6. A. discvered B. fund C. invented D. created
      ( )7. A. grund B. base C. fundatin D. basis
      ( )8. A. made B. gave C. tk D. paid
      ( )9. A. cntact B. expsure C. tuch D. cnnectin
      ( )10. A. prved B. shwed C. demnstrated D. explained
      ( )11. A. patience B. wisdm C. curage D. perseverance
      ( )12. A. tld B. taught C. shwed D. learned
      ( )13. A. discveries B. inventins C. theries D. bks
      ( )14. A. hnr B. fllw C. remember D. learn
      ( )15. A. remembered B. regarded C. knwn D. cnsidered
      答案
      1.A 2.B 3.C 4.D 5.A 6.A 7.C 8.D 9.B 10.A 11.C 12.B 13.A 14.D 15.A
      答案解析
      1. 考查形容词辨析。句意:决心学习科学,她搬到了巴黎,进入索邦大学就读。determined(决心的)符合“be determined t d sth.(决心做某事)”的固定搭配;stubbrn(固执的)是贬义词;prud(骄傲的)、brave(勇敢的)均不贴合“坚持求学”的语境,故选A。
      2. 考查动词辨析。句意:决心学习科学,她搬到了巴黎,进入索邦大学就读。enrlled(注册入学,就读)符合“进入大学学习”的语境;registered(注册)侧重“登记信息”;signed up(报名)侧重“报名参加活动”;jined(加入)侧重加入组织,故选B。
      3. 考查动词辨析。句意:她生活简朴,经常学习到深夜,抓住每一个学习的机会。tk(抓住)符合“take a chance(抓住机会)”的固定搭配;missed(错过)、wasted(浪费)、refused(拒绝)均与语境相反,故选C。
      4. 考查动词辨析。句意:他们一起研究放射性——一个由她创造的术语。cined(创造,杜撰)侧重“创造新术语、新词”;invented(发明)侧重“创造新事物”;created(创造)语义较泛;named(命名)侧重“给已有事物命名”,故选D。
      5. 考查动词辨析。句意:他们努力工作,发现了两种新元素:钋和镭。wrked(工作,努力)符合“科研工作的艰辛”;studied(学习)、researched(研究)、tried(尝试)均不贴合“长期科研付出”的语义,故选A。
      6. 考查动词辨析。句意:他们努力工作,发现了两种新元素:钋和镭。discvered(发现)侧重“发现原本存在但未被知晓的事物”,符合“新元素”的语境;fund(找到)侧重“找到丢失的事物”;invented(发明)、created(创造)侧重“创造新事物”,故选A。
      7. 考查名词辨析。句意:她的工作为现代物理学和癌症治疗奠定了基础。fundatin(基础)符合“lay the fundatin fr(为……奠定基础)”的固定搭配;base(基地)、grund(地面)、basis(基础)不与lay搭配,故选C。
      8. 考查动词辨析。句意:她不太在意名利,将一生都奉献给了科学。paid(付出)符合“pay attentin t(关注)”的固定搭配;gave(给予)、tk(拿走)、made(制作)均不贴合该搭配,故选D。
      9. 考查名词辨析。句意:然而,由于长期接触辐射,她于1934年去世。expsure(接触,暴露)符合“expsure t(接触……)”的固定搭配;cntact(接触)、tuch(触摸)、cnnectin(联系)均不贴合该搭配和语境,故选B。
      10. 考查动词辨析。句意:她证明了女性可以在科学领域取得伟大成就。prved(证明)侧重“用事实证明观点”;shwed(展示)、demnstrated(演示)、explained(解释)均不体现“证明”的含义,故选A。
      11. 考查名词辨析。句意:她的勇气和毅力激励了许多人。curage(勇气)符合“女性在男性主导的科学领域拼搏”的语境;wisdm(智慧)、patience(耐心)、perseverance(毅力)均不是此处强调的“突破性别限制的品质”,故选C。
      12. 考查动词辨析。句意:她告诉我们,努力和奉献可以带来成功。taught(教导,告诉)符合“传递道理”的语境;tld(告诉)侧重“传递信息”;shwed(展示)、learned(学习)均不贴合“传递道理”的语义,故选B。
      13. 考查名词辨析。句意:如今,她的发现仍被用于医学研究,帮助治疗癌症。discveries(发现)呼应前文“发现钋和镭”;inventins(发明)、theries(理论)、bks(书)均不贴合“用于癌症治疗”的语境,故选A。
      14. 考查动词辨析。句意:我们应该学习她的精神,继续追求我们的梦想。learn(学习)符合“传承精神”的语境;fllw(追随)、remember(记得)、hnr(纪念)均不贴合“学习精神”的语义,故选D。
      15. 考查动词辨析。句意:玛丽·居里将永远被铭记为历史上最伟大的科学家之一。remembered(铭记)符合语境;regarded(被认为)、knwn(被知道)、cnsidered(被认为)均不贴合“缅怀”的情感,故选A。
      Passage 6
      Nelsn Mandela fught 1______ racial injustice in Suth Africa. In 1948, the gvernment intrduced apartheid laws, 2______ peple by race. Mandela believed all peple shuld be equal, regardless f their skin clr. He jined the African Natinal Cngress and led peaceful prtests t 3______ the unfair laws.
      He 4______ fr the rights f black peple and never gave up. But the gvernment 5______ him in 1962 and sentenced him t life in prisn. He spent 27 years behind bars, mstly n Rbben Island. Even in prisn, he remained hpeful and 6______ ther prisners. He 7______ bks and learned new skills, never lsing faith in his dream.
      Finally, in 1990, he was 8______. Fur years later, he became the first black president f Suth Africa. He 9______ peace and unity, wrking hard t bring peple f different races tgether. He 10______ all Suth Africans t frgive and mve frward.
      In 1993, he received the Nbel Peace Prize fr his effrts t end apartheid. Mandela was a great leader wh 11______ the wrld with his kindness and curage. He 12______ that lve and frgiveness are mre pwerful than hatred. His life 13______ us that we shuld fight fr justice and equality. Tday, he is 14______ as a symbl f peace and freedm. His spirit will 15______ inspire peple arund the wrld.
      选项
      ( )1. A. with B. fr C. against D. withut
      ( )2. A. separated B. divided C. split D. islated
      ( )3. A. ppse B. supprt C. accept D. fllw
      ( )4. A. wrked B. fught C. asked D. begged
      ( )5. A. imprisned B. caught C. captured D. arrested
      ( )6. A. inspired B. discuraged C. bred D. tired
      ( )7. A. read B. wrte C. brrwed D. lent
      ( )8. A. freed B. released C. let g D. set free
      ( )9. A. encuraged B. supprted C. prmted D. advcated
      ( )10. A. rdered B. asked C. encuraged D. called
      ( )11. A. impressed B. surprised C. disappinted D. frightened
      ( )12. A. taught B. shwed C. prved D. tld
      ( )13. A. teaches B. tells C. shws D. infrms
      ( )14. A. regarded B. knwn C. remembered D. cnsidered
      ( )15. A. hardly B. never C. smetimes D. always
      答案
      1.C 2.A 3.A 4.B 5.D 6.A 7.A 8.B 9.C 10.D 11.A 12.C 13.A 14.B 15.D
      答案解析
      1. 考查介词辨析。句意:纳尔逊·曼德拉在南非反对种族不公。fight against(反对,对抗)是固定搭配;fight fr(为……而战)、fight with(与……并肩作战)、fight withut(无……而战)均不符合语境,故选C。
      2. 考查动词辨析。句意:1948年,政府颁布了种族隔离法,将人们按种族分隔开。separated(分隔,分离)侧重“将整体分成部分,彼此不接触”;divided(划分)侧重“按比例划分”;split(分裂)侧重“整体分裂成碎片”;islated(孤立)侧重“使脱离群体”,故选A。
      3. 考查动词辨析。句意:他加入了非洲人国民大会,领导和平抗议反对不公平的法律。ppse(反对)符合“抗议不公”的语境;supprt(支持)、accept(接受)、fllw(遵循)均与语境相反,故选A。
      4. 考查动词辨析。句意:他为黑人的权利而战,从未放弃。fught(战斗,奋斗)符合“fight fr(为……而战)”的搭配;wrked(工作)、asked(询问)、begged(乞求)均不贴合“争取权利”的语义,故选B。
      5. 考查动词辨析。句意:但政府在1962年逮捕了他,并判处他终身监禁。arrested(逮捕)侧重“官方依法逮捕”;caught(抓住)、captured(捕获)语义较泛;imprisned(监禁)侧重“关押”,与后文“sentenced him t life in prisn”重复,故选D。
      6. 考查动词辨析。句意:即使在监狱里,他仍然充满希望,并激励着其他囚犯。inspired(激励)符合“保持希望、传递力量”的语境;discuraged(使气馁)、bred(使无聊)、tired(使疲惫)均与语境相反,故选A。
      7. 考查动词辨析。句意:他读书并学习新技能,从未放弃自己的梦想。read(读)符合“监狱中学习”的语境;wrte(写)、brrwed(借)、lent(借出)均不贴合“监狱中的状态”,故选A。
      8. 考查动词辨析。句意:最终,在1990年,他被释放了。released(释放)侧重“官方释放被关押的人”;freed(解放)、let g(放开)、set free(释放)语义较泛,此处对应“被监禁后释放”,故选B。
      9. 考查动词辨析。句意:他促进和平与团结,努力将不同种族的人们团结在一起。prmted(促进,推动)符合“总统的职责”;supprted(支持)、encuraged(鼓励)、advcated(倡导)均不贴合“推动团结”的语义,故选C。
      10. 考查动词辨析。句意:他呼吁所有南非人原谅彼此,向前看。called(呼吁)符合“call n sb. t d sth.(呼吁某人做某事)”的搭配;asked(要求)、encuraged(鼓励)、rdered(命令)均不贴合“总统的语气”,故选D。
      11. 考查动词辨析。句意:曼德拉是一位伟大的领袖,他的善良和勇气给世界留下了深刻印象。impressed(给……留下印象)符合语境;surprised(使惊讶)、disappinted(使失望)、frightened(使害怕)均与语境不符,故选A。
      12. 考查动词辨析。句意:他证明了爱和宽恕比仇恨更强大。prved(证明)侧重“用自身经历证明”;shwed(展示)、taught(教导)、tld(告诉)均不体现“证明”的含义,故选C。
      13. 考查动词辨析。句意:他的一生告诉我们,我们应该为正义和平等而战。teaches(教导,告诉)符合“用一生经历传递道理”的语境;tells(告诉)、shws(展示)、infrms(通知)均不贴合“传递深刻道理”的语义,故选A。
      14. 考查动词辨析。句意:如今,他被认为是和平与自由的象征。knwn(被认为,被熟知)符合“be knwn as(被称为,被认为是)”的固定搭配;regarded(被认为)、remembered(被铭记)、cnsidered(被认为)均不贴合该搭配,故选B。
      15. 考查副词辨析。句意:他的精神将永远激励着世界各地的人们。always(永远,一直)符合“精神传承”的语境;never(从不)、smetimes(有时)、hardly(几乎不)均与语境相反,故选D。
      Passage 7
      Stephen Hawking was brn in England in 1942. As a yung man, he studied csmlgy at Oxfrd and Cambridge. At 21, dctrs 1______ him with ALS, a disease that weakens muscles. They said he might nly live a few mre years.
      But Stephen 2______ t give up. He cntinued his studies and 3______ grundbreaking theries abut black hles and the rigin f the universe. He 4______ his physical cnditin and fcused n his research. He wrte the best-selling bk A Brief Histry f Time, making cmplex ideas 5______ t rdinary readers.
      Despite being cnfined t a wheelchair and lsing the ability t speak, he cmmunicated thrugh a cmputer. His vice, thugh artificial, carried deep 6______ and humr. He 7______ many lectures arund the wrld, sharing his ideas with peple f all ages.
      He 8______ that physical limits cannt stp human curisity. He 9______ hard all his life and made great cntributins t csmlgy. Even when he was seriusly ill, he never 10______ his research. He 11______ hpe t many peple with disabilities, shwing them that they can achieve great things.
      Stephen Hawking was nt nly a great scientist but als a strng man. His 12______ and perseverance have inspired millins f peple. He 13______ us that we shuld never give up n ur dreams, n matter hw difficult the situatin is. In 2018, he passed away, but his 14______ will live n frever. We will always 15______ his wisdm and curage.
      选项
      ( )1. A. diagnsed B. treated C. cured D. checked
      ( )2. A. rejected B. refused C. declined D. denied
      ( )3. A. prpsed B. suggested C. ffered D. presented
      ( )4. A. accepted B. ignred C. frgt D. vercame
      ( )5. A. available B. accessible C. easy D. simple
      ( )6. A. knwledge B. wisdm C. insight D. idea
      ( )7. A. gave B. attended C. missed D. refused
      ( )8. A. explained B. shwed C. demnstrated D. prved
      ( )9. A. studied B. wrked C. researched D. tried
      ( )10. A. stpped B. cntinued C. started D. began
      ( )11. A. ffered B. brught C. gave D. prvided
      ( )12. A. strength B. curage C. wisdm D. patience
      ( )13. A. shwed B. tld C. taught D. learned
      ( )14. A. ideas B. theries C. spirit D. bks
      ( )15. A. respect B. frget C. hnr D. remember
      答案
      1.A 2.B 3.A 4.D 5.B 6.C 7.A 8.D 9.B 10.A 11.C 12.A 13.C 14.A 15.D
      答案解析
      1. 考查动词辨析。句意:21岁时,医生诊断他患有肌萎缩侧索硬化症(ALS),一种会削弱肌肉力量的疾病。diagnsed(诊断)符合“医生对疾病的判断”;treated(治疗)、cured(治愈)、checked(检查)均不贴合“确诊疾病”的语义,故选A。
      2. 考查动词辨析。句意:但斯蒂芬拒绝放弃。refused(拒绝)侧重“主动拒绝做某事”,符合“refuse t give up(拒绝放弃)”的搭配;rejected(拒绝)侧重“拒绝接受某物”;declined(婉拒)、denied(否认)均不贴合语境,故选B。
      3. 考查动词辨析。句意:他继续学习,提出了关于黑洞和宇宙起源的开创性理论。prpsed(提出)侧重“提出理论、观点”;suggested(建议)、ffered(提供)、presented(呈现)均不贴合“理论的提出”,故选A。
      4. 考查动词辨析。句意:他克服了自己的身体状况,专注于研究。vercame(克服)符合“战胜身体困难”的语境;ignred(忽视)、frgt(忘记)、accepted(接受)均不体现“克服困难”的语义,故选D。
      5. 考查形容词辨析。句意:他写了畅销书《时间简史》,使复杂的概念对普通读者来说易于理解。accessible(易于理解的,可接触的)符合语境;available(可获得的)、easy(简单的)、simple(简单的)均不贴合“让普通人理解复杂概念”的语义,故选B。
      6. 考查名词辨析。句意:他的声音虽然是人工的,但充满了深刻的洞察力和幽默。insight(洞察力)符合霍金“科学家”的身份,侧重“对宇宙的深刻认识”;wisdm(智慧)、knwledge(知识)、idea(想法)均不贴合“对事物的深刻见解”,故选C。
      7. 考查动词辨析。句意:他在世界各地做了许多演讲,与各个年龄段的人分享他的想法。gave(做,发表)符合“give lectures(做演讲)”的固定搭配;attended(参加)、missed(错过)、refused(拒绝)均与语境相反,故选A。
      8. 考查动词辨析。句意:他证明了身体的限制无法阻挡人类的好奇心。prved(证明)侧重“用自身经历证明观点”;shwed(展示)、demnstrated(演示)、explained(解释)均不体现“证明”的含义,故选D。
      9. 考查动词辨析。句意:他一生努力工作,为宇宙学做出了巨大贡献。wrked(工作,努力)符合“科研工作的付出”;studied(学习)、researched(研究)、tried(尝试)均不贴合“长期努力付出”的语义,故选B。
      10. 考查动词辨析。句意:即使在重病期间,他也从未停止研究。stpped(停止)符合语境;cntinued(继续)、started(开始)、began(开始)均与语境相反,故选A。
      11. 考查动词辨析。句意:他给许多残疾人带来了希望,向他们展示了他们可以取得伟大的成就。gave(给予)符合“give hpe t(给……带来希望)”的搭配;brught(带来)、ffered(提供)、prvided(提供)均不贴合该搭配,故选C。
      12. 考查名词辨析。句意:他的力量和毅力激励了数百万人。strength(力量)此处指“精神力量”,符合他“克服身体困难”的形象;curage(勇气)、wisdm(智慧)、patience(耐心)均不贴合“战胜身体局限”的核心品质,故选A。
      13. 考查动词辨析。句意:他告诉我们,无论情况多么困难,我们都不应该放弃梦想。taught(教导,告诉)符合“传递道理”的语境;tld(告诉)、shwed(展示)、learned(学习)均不贴合“传递深刻道理”的语义,故选C。
      14. 考查名词辨析。句意:2018年,他去世了,但他的精神将永远存在。ideas(想法)、theries(理论)、bks(书)均是具体事物,而此处强调“精神传承”,spirit(精神)符合语境,故选A。
      15. 考查动词辨析。句意:我们将永远记住他的智慧和勇气。remember(记住,铭记)符合语境;frget(忘记)、hnr(纪念)、respect(尊重)均不贴合“缅怀”的情感,故选D。
      Passage 8
      Malala Yusafzai was brn in Pakistan in 1997. She grew up in the Swat Valley, where girls were 1______ frm ging t schl by extremists. Malala 2______ publicly, writing a blg under a false name t avid being caught. She believed educatin was a right fr every child, n matter if they were bys r girls.
      Her blg 3______ peple’s attentin t the situatin f girls’ educatin in her cuntry. She 4______ fr girls’ right t g t schl and never backed dwn. In 2012, a gunman sht her n a schl bus because f her effrts. She 5______ and cntinued her fight. She mved t the UK and kept 6______ fr girls’ educatin.
      She 7______ many speeches arund the wrld, telling her stry and calling fr equal educatin fr girls. In 2014, at just 17 years ld, she became the yungest persn ever t win the Nbel Peace Prize. Her 8______ and curage have inspired millins f girls t fight fr their rights.
      Malala has 9______ schls and fundatins t help girls get educatin. She 10______ that even a single vice can 11______ glbal change. She 12______ us that we shuld stand up fr what is right, n matter hw dangerus it is.
      Tday, Malala cntinues her wrk t 13______ girls’ educatin arund the wrld. She is a symbl f hpe fr millins f girls. Her 14______ has changed the lives f many peple. We shuld 15______ her example and fight fr equality and justice.
      选项
      ( )1. A. stpped B. frbidden C. banned D. prevented
      ( )2. A. spke ut B. tld C. said D. annunced
      ( )3. A. gave B. paid C. tk D. drew
      ( )4. A. asked B. fught C. begged D. wrked
      ( )5. A. survived B. died C. recvered D. escaped
      ( )6. A. encuraging B. supprting C. advcating D. prmting
      ( )7. A. gave B. made C. delivered D. held
      ( )8. A. curage B. wisdm C. kindness D. patience
      ( )9. A. pened B. funded C. started D. built
      ( )10. A. shwed B. prved C. demnstrated D. explained
      ( )11. A. lead B. cause C. inspire D. bring
      ( )12. A. taught B. tld C. shwed D. learned
      ( )13. A. help B. supprt C. encurage D. prmte
      ( )14. A. wrk B. effrt C. spirit D. curage
      ( )15. A. learn B. fllw C. remember D. hnr
      答案
      1.C 2.A 3.D 4.B 5.A 6.C 7.A 8.A 9.D 10.B 11.C 12.A 13.D 14.A 15.B
      答案解析
      1. 考查动词辨析及固定搭配。句意:她在斯瓦特山谷长大,在那里极端分子禁止女孩上学。ban sb. frm ding sth.(禁止某人做某事)是固定搭配,语气较强,符合“极端分子强制禁止”的语境;frbidden(禁止)需搭配be frbidden t d sth.;stpped(阻止)、prevented(阻止)均搭配stp/prevent sb. frm ding sth.,但语气较弱,不贴合“极端分子的强制行为”,故选C。
      2. 考查动词辨析。句意:马拉拉公开发声,为了避免被抓,她用化名写博客。spke ut(公开表态,发声)侧重“公开表达观点、反对不公”,符合语境;tld(告诉)、said(说)均为及物动词,后需接宾语,此处无宾语;annunced(宣布)侧重“正式宣布消息”,语义不贴合,故选A。
      3. 考查动词辨析及固定搭配。句意:她的博客吸引了人们对本国女童教育状况的关注。draw ne’s attentin t(吸引某人关注……)是固定搭配;paid(付出)需搭配pay attentin t(关注),主语需为人;tk(拿走)、gave(给予)均不与attentin搭配,故选D。
      4. 考查动词辨析。句意:她为女童的受教育权而奋斗,从未退缩。fught(奋斗,抗争)符合“fight fr(为……而奋斗)”的固定搭配,贴合她“争取女童教育权”的行为;asked(询问)、begged(乞求)、wrked(工作)均不贴合“抗争、不退缩”的语义,故选B。
      5. 考查动词辨析。句意:她活了下来,并继续她的斗争。survived(幸存,活下来)呼应前文“被枪击”,且与后文“cntinued her fight”逻辑一致;died(死亡)与后文矛盾;recvered(康复)侧重“身体恢复”,此处重点是“存活下来”;escaped(逃跑)语义不贴合,故选A。
      6. 考查动词辨析。句意:她搬到英国,继续倡导女童教育。advcating(倡导,主张)侧重“公开支持、呼吁某一理念”,符合她“呼吁女童教育平等”的行为;supprting(支持)、encuraging(鼓励)、prmting(促进)均不贴合“公开呼吁、倡导”的核心语义,故选C。
      7. 考查动词辨析及固定搭配。句意:她在世界各地发表了许多演讲,讲述自己的故事,呼吁女童享有平等教育。gave(发表,做)符合“give speeches(发表演讲)”的固定搭配;made(制作)、delivered(交付,发表)、held(举办)均不与speeches搭配,或搭配不常用,故选A。
      8. 考查名词辨析。句意:她的勇气和胆识激励了数百万女孩为自己的权利而奋斗。curage(勇气)呼应前文“公开发声、被枪击后仍不放弃”的行为,与后文curage并列,强调她的勇敢;wisdm(智慧)、kindness(善良)、patience(耐心)均不是此处强调的核心品质,故选A。
      9. 考查动词辨析。句意:马拉拉建立了学校和基金会,帮助女孩获得教育。built(建立,建造)侧重“建造实体建筑(学校)”,符合语境;funded(创立)、started(创办)侧重“创立组织、机构”;pened(开设)侧重“开启、营业”,不贴合“建立学校和基金会”的语义,故选D。
      10. 考查动词辨析。句意:她证明了即使是一个声音也能激发全球变革。prved(证明)侧重“用自身经历证明观点”,贴合她“用自己的行动推动变革”的事实;shwed(展示)、demnstrated(演示)、explained(解释)均不体现“证明”的含义,故选B。
      11. 考查动词辨析。句意:她证明了即使是一个声音也能激发全球变革。inspire(激发,鼓舞)侧重“激发他人行动、引发变革”,符合语境;cause(导致)、lead(带领)、bring(带来)均不贴合“激发变革”的语义,故选C。
      12. 考查动词辨析。句意:她教导我们,无论多么危险,我们都应该坚持正确的事情。taught(教导,告诫)侧重“传递道理、给予启示”,贴合她的经历带给人们的启发;tld(告诉)、shwed(展示)、learned(学习)均不贴合“传递深刻道理”的语义,故选A。
      13. 考查动词辨析。句意:如今,马拉拉继续她的工作,在世界各地推广女童教育。prmte(推广,促进)侧重“让某一理念、事物被更多人接受”,符合她“呼吁女童教育、让更多女孩获得教育”的目标;supprting(支持)、encuraging(鼓励)、helping(帮助)均不贴合“推广、普及”的语义,故选D。
      14. 考查名词辨析。句意:她的工作改变了许多人的生活。wrk(工作,事业)呼应前文“建立学校、发表演讲、倡导女童教育”的一系列行动;effrt(努力)、spirit(精神)、curage(勇气)均是她的品质或付出,不贴合“改变人们生活”的具体行为,故选A。
      15. 考查动词辨析及固定搭配。句意:我们应该以她为榜样,为平等和正义而奋斗。fllw ne’s example(以某人为榜样)是固定搭配;learn(学习)需搭配learn frm;remember(记得)、hnr(纪念)均不贴合该搭配,故选B。

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      高中英语人教版 (2019)选择性必修 第一册电子课本

      Unit 1 People of Achievement

      版本: 人教版 (2019)

      年级: 选择性必修 第一册

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