精品解析：2025年江苏省南京市玄武区中考一模英语试题（原卷版+解析版）

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● 本试卷10页，全卷满分90分，考试时间为90分钟。试卷包含选择题和非选择题。考生答题全部答在答题卡上，答在本试卷上无效。
● 请认真核对监考教师在答题卡上所粘贴条形码的姓名、考试证号是否与本人相符合，再将自己的姓名、考试证号用0.5毫米墨水签字笔填写在答题卡及本试卷上。
● 答选择题必须用2B铅笔将答题卡上对应的答案标号涂黑，如有改动，请用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案。答非选择题必须用0.5毫米黑色墨水签字笔写在答题卡的指定位置，在其他位置答题一律无效。
选择题 (共40分)
一、单项填空 (共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分)
1. Tea has a lng histry. The picture n the right shws us the ________ f tea.
A. tastesB. typesC. qualitiesD. materials
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】句意：茶有着悠久的历史。右边的图片向我们展示了茶的种类。
考查名词词义辨析。tastes口味；types种类；qualities质量；materials材料。图片中展示的是茶的种类，有龙井、绿茶、红茶和白茶，故选B。
2. Purple Muntain and Xuanwu Lake are famus ________ their attractive views.
A. asB. tC. frD. with
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】句意：紫金山和玄武湖因它们迷人的景色而闻名。
考查介词辨析。as作为；t到；fr为了；with和。“be famus as”意为“作为……而闻名”，后面通常接表示身份、职业等的名词；“be famus t”意为“为……所熟知”，后面常接人；“be famus fr”意为“因……而闻名”，后面接出名的原因；“be famus with”这种不常见。根据“their attractive views”可知，这里是说紫金山和玄武湖因为景色而闻名，所以用“be famus fr”，故选C。
3. There are many Chinese parasl trees (梧桐树) n ________ side f Lingyuan Rad.
A. allB. bthC. eachD. every
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】句意：灵园路的每一边都有许多梧桐树。
考查代词辨析。all三者或三者以上都；bth两者都，后接可数名词复数；each两者或两者以上中的每一个，后接可数名词单数；every三者或三者以上中的每一个。道路只有两边，排除A、D；side为单数形式，排除B；这里强调道路两边中的每一边，所以用each，故选C。
4. It’s ________ f yu t make t much nise when yur classmates are resting at nn.
A. fearlessB. helplessC. hpelessD. thughtless
【答案】D
【解析】
【详解】句意：中午同学们休息时你制造太多噪音，这是欠考虑的。
考查形容词辨析。fearless无畏的；helpless无助的；hpeless绝望的；thughtless欠考虑的。根据“make t much nise when yur classmates are resting at nn”可知，在同学休息时制造噪音的行为是欠考虑的，thughtless“欠考虑的”符合句意。故选D。
5. T make DeepSeek wrk perfectly, yu need t give it sme clear ________.
A. intrductinsB. inventinsC. instructinsD. instruments
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】句意：为了让DeepSeek完美运行，你需要给它一些清晰的指令。
考查名词辨析。intrductins介绍；inventins发明；instructins指令，说明；instruments乐器，工具。根据“T make DeepSeek wrk perfectly”可知，要让DeepSeek完美运行，需要给予它明确的操作指示，所以用instructins，故选C。
6. Over the past three years, yu ________ yur abilities and becme a better yurself.
A. develpB. will develpC. have develpedD. are develping
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】句意：在过去的三年里，你已经提升了自己的能力，成为了更好的自己。
考查动词时态辨析。develp是一般现在时；will develp是一般将来时；have develped是现在完成时；are develping是现在进行时。根据“Over the past three years”，可知这是现在完成时的标志性时间状语，表示从过去持续到现在的动作或状态，所以此处应用现在完成时，结构为“have/has + 过去分词”，故选C。
7. Plants ________ fd fr mst animals, even if animals dn’t eat plants directly.
A. find utB. serve asC. deal withD. lead t
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】句意：植物为大多数动物作食物，即使动物不直接食用植物。
考查动词短语。find ut发现；serve as作为；deal with处理；lead t导致。根据“even if animals dn’t eat plants directly.”可知，植物间接提供食物，强调其“作为”食物的角色。故选B。
8. Millie decided t ________ the brken mbile phne repaired rather than buy a new ne.
A. keepB. makeC. haveD. let
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】句意：Millie决定让坏了的手机被修好，而不是买新的。
考查动词辨析。keep保持；make制作；have有；let让。根据“the brken mbile phne repaired”可知，have sth. dne表示“让某事被完成”，即Millie找人修理手机。故选C。
9. Being a teenager is a time when we’re explring ________ we are and wanting thers t like us.
A. whB. hwC. whenD. why
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】句意：青少年时期是我们探索自己是谁，希望别人喜欢我们的时期。
考查疑问词辨析。wh谁；hw怎样；when什么时候；why为什么。结合语境及“…we are and wanting thers t like us”可知，此处应指我们在青少年时期会探索“我们是谁”，应用引导词wh。故选A。
10. ________ China gets better at inventing new things and ding scientific research, it helps the cuntry grw and imprve in many ways.
A. AsB. UntilC. UnlessD. Thugh
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】句意：随着中国在发明新事物和进行科学研究方面变得越来越好，这有助于国家在许多方面的发展和进步。
考查连词辨析。As随着；Until直到；Unless除非；Thugh尽管。根据“ gets better at inventing new things and ding scientific research, it helps the cuntry grw and imprve in many ways.”可知，句子为时间状语从句，强调主句和从句的动作同时发生，表伴随，故选A。
11. In rder t build a beautiful China and make the natin even greener, bad habits like wasting water shuld ________.
A. avidB. be avidedC. cancelD. be cancelled
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】句意：为了建设美丽中国并使国家更加绿色，浪费水等坏习惯应该被避免。
考查被动语态。根据“bad habits like wasting water shuld...”可知，此处表达坏习惯应该被避免，情态动词的被动语态，shuld be avided“应该被避免”。故选B。
12. —Jack practiced a lt fr the speech cmpetitin.
—That was why he spke s ________ and wn the first prize.
A. clselyB. quicklyC. smthlyD. silently
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】句意：——杰克为演讲比赛做了大量练习。——那就是为什么他讲话如此流畅并且获得了一等奖。
考查副词辨析。clsely紧密地；quickly快速地；smthly流畅地；silently默默地。根据“Jack practiced a lt fr the speech cmpetitin.”可知，杰克进行了大量练习，结合“wn the first prize”可推测，大量练习使得他在演讲时讲话流畅，所以才会获奖，因此应选smthly，故选C。
13. China and the Eurpean Unin will wrk tgether ________ the SMILE satellite int space in rder t gain a deeper understanding f the Sun-Earth relatin.
A. t sendB. sendC. sendingD. sent
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】句意：中国和欧盟将共同努力，将SMILE卫星送入太空，以便更深入地了解日地关系。
考查非谓语动词。分析句式结构可知主语为“China and the Eurpean Unin”，谓语为“will wrk tgether”，故可知横线上为目的状语，即动词不定式表目的。故选A。
14. The idim “ne leaf knws autumn” tells us ________ .
A. why leaves fall in autumnB. what clur the leaves are in autumn
C. that ne leaf marks the harvest f autumnD. that a falling leaf suggests the arrival f autumn
【答案】D
【解析】
【详解】句意：成语“一叶知秋”告诉我们一片落叶预示着秋天的到来。
考查宾语从句。why leaves fall in autumn为什么树叶在秋天掉落；what clur the leaves are in autumn秋天树叶是什么颜色；that ne leaf marks the harvest f autumn一片叶子标志着秋天的收获；that a falling leaf suggests the arrival f autumn 一片落叶预示着秋天的到来。根据“The idim ‘ne leaf knws autumn’ tells us...”可知，空格处是宾语从句，宾语从句要采用陈述语序，成语“一叶知秋”表示“从一片树叶的凋落，知道秋天的到来”。故选D。
15. —Hw is Daniel ging this term?
—________, I guess. He seems t be in a gd md.
A. N prblemB. Never mindC. That’s all rightD. Everything ges well
【答案】D
【解析】
【详解】句意：——丹尼尔这学期过得怎么样？——一切顺利，我猜。他看起来心情不错。
考查情景交际。N prblem没问题；Never mind别介意；That’s all right没关系；Everything ges well一切顺利。根据“Hw is Daniel ging this term?”和“He seems t be in a gd md”可知，看起来心情不错暗示状态良好。回答需表达“一切顺利”之意。故选D。
二、完形填空 (共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分)
Peple have believed fr a lng time that laughter, as the ld saying ges, is gd fr the sul. There is nw scientific evidence that it is als gd fr the ___16___ . Recent research has shwn that laughter strengthens the heart, helps the flw f bld ___17___ the bdy, reduces pain, aids healing, fights infectins, and decreases bld pressure. It als imprves memry, makes peple feel mre cnfident, and ___18___ t a psitive view f life.
Laughter Clubs Nne f this ___19___ wuld surprise Dr. Madan Kataria. After reading abut sme f the benefits f laughter, he ___20___ a “Laughter Club” in a public park in Bmbay, India. That was in 1995. There are nw mre than 2,500 such clubs arund the wrld fllwing his practice.
Club meetings aren’t exactly ___21___ , but that’s srt f the pint. Althugh the nise may surprise thse passing by, the participants knw exactly what they’re ding and why they’re ding. It’s gd fr them. Meetings are ften held ___22___ in the day, s peple can get in a gd twenty minutes r mre f laughing befre they head ff fr wrk. Once there, members believe, they cncentrate (集中心思) better and are mre ___23___ .
Just Fake It Hw d these clubs find enugh jkes t keep everyne hwling? They dn’t. Accrding t Dr. Kataria, it desn’t ___24___ if laughter is prduced naturally, by actually finding smething funny, ___25___ if it is faked (假的). The benefits t the bdy are the same. Laughter club leaders get things ging withut any cmedians arund t help.
16. A. mindB. bdyC. heartD. memry
17 A. ntB. acrssC. abveD. thrugh
18. A. leadsB. repliesC. listensD. cmpares
19. A. newsB. nticeC. messageD. infrmatin
20. A. ruledB. jinedC. startedD. recmmended
21. A. quietB. specialC. nisyD. crwded
22. A. lateB. earlyC. snD. smetime
23. A. prductiveB. impressiveC. imaginativeD. attractive
24. A. meanB. matterC. manageD. mistake
25. A. rB. sC. andD. but
【答案】16. B 17. D 18. A 19. D 20. C 21. A 22. B 23. A 24. B 25. A
【解析】
【导语】本文主要讲述了科学研究证实笑对身心健康有多重益处，全球欢笑俱乐部通过集体大笑帮助人们提升健康和工作效率。
【16题详解】
句意：现在有科学证据表明，笑对身体也有好处。
mind心灵；bdy身体；heart心脏；memry记忆。根据“laughter strengthens the heart”可知，笑能强健心脏，结合下文可知笑对身体也有好处。故选B。
【17题详解】
句意：笑有助于血液在体内的流动。
nt到……上；acrss横跨；abve在……上方；thrugh通过。根据“flw f bdy”可知，血液是在体内流动的，thrugh“通过”符合语境。故选D。
【18题详解】
句意：还能增强记忆力、提升自信，并使人对生活持积极态度。
leads导致；replies回复；listens倾听；cmpares比较。根据“makes peple feel mre cnfident, a psitive view f life.”可知，此处表达笑带来的好处，能引导积极人生观。故选A。
【19题详解】
句意：这些信息不会让Kataria医生感到惊讶。
news新闻；ntice通知；message消息；infrmatin信息。根据“There is nw scientific evidence that it is als gd fr the...”可知，前文提到的科学证据属于信息。故选D。
【20题详解】
句意：他读到了笑的好处后，在印度孟买创立了“欢笑俱乐部”。
ruled统治；jined加入；started创立；recmmended推荐。根据“There are nw mre than 2,500 such clubs arund the wrld fllwing his practice.”可知，全球2500家俱乐部都遵循他的实践，说明他是创始人。故选C。
【21题详解】
句意：俱乐部聚会并不安静，但这正是重点。
quiet安静的；special特别的；nisy吵闹的；crwded拥挤的。根据“Club meetings aren’t nise may surprise thse passing by, the participants knw exactly what they’re ding and why they’re ding.”可知，噪音可能让路人惊讶，说明聚会不安静。故选A。
【22题详解】
句意：聚会通常在清晨举行，以便人们上班前笑20分钟。
late晚的；early早的；sn很快；smetime某个时候。根据“befre they head ff fr wrk.”可知，聚会在上班前进行，因此是每天早上。故选B。
【23题详解】
句意：成员们认为，聚会后他们更专注、更高效。
prductive高效的；impressive印象深刻的；imaginative富有想象力的；attractive有吸引力的。根据“they cncentrate (集中心思) better and are mre...”可知and表并列，笑能集中心思，提高专注力，prductive“高效的”符合语境。故选A。
【24题详解】
句意：Kataria医生认为，笑是自然产生还是假装的并不重要。
mean意思；matter重要；manage管理；mistake错误。根据“it desn’ laughter is prduced naturally, by actually finding smething it is faked”可知，it desn’t matter“不重要”，固定搭配。故选B。
【25题详解】
句意：无论笑是自然产生还是假装的，对身体的好处相同。
r或者；s所以；and和；but但是。根据“Accrding t Dr. benefits t the bdy are the same.”可知，前后是选择关系，不论真笑还是假笑都对身体有好处。故选A。
三、阅读理解 (共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分)
A
26. Which activity prduces the mst plastic waste accrding t the pster?
A. Building.B. Transprting.C. Packaging.D. Shpping.
27. What might be the purpse f the pster?
A. T prevent us frm buying bttled water.B. T encurage us t design new packaging.
C. T shw the amunt f plastics every year.D. T make us realize the serius plastic pllutin.
【答案】26. C 27. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是一个饼状图，为应用文。展示了全球每年产生超4亿吨塑料垃圾的情况下，不同领域产生塑料垃圾的占比，其中包装领域占比36% ，是塑料垃圾的最大来源。
【26题详解】
细节理解题。根据饼状图中“Packaging”占比36%，且旁边文字说明“The largest cntributr t the plastic waste prblem is single - use plastic packaging designed fr immediate dispsal”可知，产生最多塑料垃圾的活动是包装。故选C。
【27题详解】
推理判断题。海报展示了全球每年产生超过4亿吨塑料垃圾以及不同领域产生塑料垃圾的占比情况，意在让人们认识到塑料污染的严重性。A选项“阻止我们买瓶装水”、B选项“鼓励我们设计新包装”、C选项“展示每年塑料的产量”均不符合海报主旨。故选D。
B
Tw yung Chinese street dancers,10-year-ld Sng Haming and 14-year-ld Fu Junxi, have taken the glbal street dance scene by strm. Cmpeting in the Hip-Hp adult categry at the Juste Debut 2025 Wrld Finals in Paris n March 3, 2025, the team defeated tw tp internatinal pairs t reach the semifinals—marking the best perfrmance ever by a Chinese team in the cmpetitin’s histry.
The tw dancers shwed the spirit f Chinese martial arts in their perfrmance. They started with a plite fist-and-palm salute, then amazed everyne with a street dance mixed with kung fu mves like Phenix Three Nds, Drunken Fist, Tai Chi, Wing Chun, and Shalin spinning kicks. Their mves were sharp and smth, lighting up the stage—and the best part? They designed the whle mves themselves!
All the achievements came frm their years f hard wrk. Fu Junxi began learning street dance at the age f five and a half, while Sng Haming started practicing as early as three. Their smth teamwrk n stage rises frm years f dance training.
In Sng Haming’s hme, the living rm is filled with his dance awards. His mm shared that whenever schlwrk isn’t t heavy, he practices nnstp—even repeating a single mve hundreds f times. Bruised knees? Nrmal. T him, “Dancing is tiring but brings jy.” He pushes himself t imprve every day, never ignring details.
As fr Fu Junxi, he turned his 6 square metres dining rm int a dance studi. Every night, he practices fr mre than tw hurs in frnt f a mirrr. Thugh he nce felt like quitting, his parents’ supprt kept him ging. Nw, after 7 years, dance is his “happy childhd.”
Juste Debut (a famus dance cmpetitin) praised them nline: “These fearless yung dancers frm China cnquered the stage with unstppable energy!” When the yung dancers cheered n the Paris stage wrapped in China’s natinal flag, it shwed the wrld the energy and creativity f Chinese culture shining brightly.
Nw that the cmpetitin has ended, bth children have returned t schl and nrmal studies. Yet their creative jurney cntinues, as they plan t mix China’s intangible cultural heritage-including lin dance, bian lian (face-changing), and traditinal pera-with street dance. Thugh just in their early teens, they embrace bth challenges and high expectatins fr what lies ahead.
28. What’s special abut Sng and Fu’s perfrmance at the Juste Debut 2025 Finals?
A. They designed Tai Chi n their wn.B. They shwed smth mves n the stage.
C. They used strm scenes in their street dance.D. They mixed Chinese martial arts with mves.
29. Hw did the tw dancers achieve their smth teamwrk n stage?
A. With the help f a prfessinal designer.
B. Thrugh years f dance training and practice.
C. By learning frm famus internatinal dancers.
D. By attending the same schl and practicing tgether daily.
30. What des the text shw abut Fu’s practice?
A. He prefers utdr practice spaces.
B. He trains alne with skilled caches.
C. He dances n weekends t fcus n schlwrk.
D. He practices in his dance studi fr ver tw hurs nightly.
31. Accrding t the text, what future plans d the dancers have?
A. T shw traditinal Chinese cultural elements.B. T becme dance judges instead f perfrmers.
C. T stp dancing and return t their schl lives.D. T cmpete nly in natinal-level cmpetitins.
【答案】28. D 29. B 30. D 31. A
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了中国街舞少年宋皓铭和符隽熙在2025年Juste Debut世界总决赛中的出色表现，以及他们如何通过多年的努力和创意将中国武术融入街舞中。
【28题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第2段“They started with a plite fist-and-palm salute, then amazed everyne with a street dance mixed with kung fu mves like Phenix Three Nds, Drunken Fist, Tai Chi, Wing Chun, and Shalin spinning kicks.”可知，他们的表演特别之处在于将中国武术与街舞动作相结合。故选D。
【29题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第3段“Their smth teamwrk n stage rises frm years f dance training.”可知，他们通过多年的舞蹈训练和练习实现了舞台上的默契配合。故选B。
【30题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第5段“As fr Fu Junxi, he turned his 6 square metres dining rm int a dance studi. Every night, he practices fr mre than tw hurs in frnt f a mirrr.”可知，符隽熙每晚在舞蹈工作室练习超过两个小时。故选D。
【31题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“Yet their creative jurney cntinues, as they plan t mix China’s intangible cultural heritage-including lin dance, bian lian (face-changing), and traditinal pera-with street dance.”可推知，他们未来的计划是继续展示中国传统文化元素。故选A。
C
When her father died, Karen Wright was very wrried. Her mther, Vilet, was 72 years ld. “Mm had always been full f energy and enthusiasm.” says Wright. “But after Dad died, she didn’t take care f herself and gt sick a lt.” Wright’s mther didn’t feel that she had much t live fr—except a dg named Buddy. “I never paid much attentin t Buddy when my husband was alive,” says Vilet. “But suddenly he depended n me fr his survival.”
Mst peple agree that a pet adds jy t a persn’s life. This can be mre true after a lved ne dies. Scientists are nw finding that having a pet may keep its wner healthy. And gd health may add years t a persn’s life.
Scientists have been lking at the tie between pets and health fr years. In 1990, a study was dne with peple wh aged 65 and lder. It shwed that pet wners went t the dctr less than peple withut pets. D pets make peple happier? D they help peple live n their wn lnger? Are peple able t handle their everyday lives better? Alan Beck is the head f the Center fr the Human-Animal Bnd. Beck says that if the answer t these questins is yes, then having pets may be a gd idea.
Can pets als help peple live lnger? Rebecca Jhnsn did a study t find ut. She shared the findings f her study at a meeting abut Pets and Aging. Her study shws that having pets may cause peple t age mre slwly.
The human bdy makes many chemicals. Sme f the chemicals make peple feel gd. Others make peple feel bad. In Jhnsn’s study, levels f the “gd” chemicals rse when peple were arund pets. Levels f the “bad” chemicals went dwn. The gd chemicals seemed t slw the aging f cells. If this is true, maybe peple shuld spend mre time with their pets. Then the levels f gd chemicals will g up. Peple might feel better and age mre slwly. They might even live lnger.
Having pets may als be gd fr peple in nursing hmes. In a study f five nursing hmes with pets, 25% fewer peple stay in bed all day. And sres caused by being in bed were dwn 57%. Having pets arund was gd fr the wrkers t. They missed wrk 48% less than befre the pets came.
Of curse, yu culd be allergic (过敏的) t pets. Or yu may nt want t take care f a pet. Never fear. A rbtic, r cmputer, pet may be just the thing fr yu. Scientists are testing cmputer pets, like the rbtic dg AIBO. They want t see if cmputer pets can help peple the way real dgs d.
Will a rbtic pet take the place f the pet pal snuggling with yu n the sfa? Smething tells us that the furry cuch ptat lying next t yu has little t wrry abut.
32. What des the writer want t say thrugh Vilet’s experiences?
A. Buddy added sme jy t Vilet’s life.B. Vilet was t ld t take care f herself.
C. Vilet depended n Karen fr everything.D. Buddy mattered much t Vilet’s husband.
33. What can we learn abut peple aged 65 r mre frm the study in 1990?
A. Keeping pets helped them live lnger.
B. Pet wners culd deal with prblems better.
C. Keeping pets had nthing t d with their health.
D. Pet wners needed less medical care than nn-pet wners.
34. Which pinin is Jhnsan’s finding n having pets?
A. It may reduce the chance f ging t bed.B. It may teach nurses t care fr lder peple.
C. It may increase the level f “gd” chemicals.D. It may stp the prducing f “bad” chemicals.
35. Hw des the writer make Paragraph 6 pwerful?
A. By telling stries.B. By asking questins.
C. By giving the reasn.D. By making cmparisn.
【答案】32. A 33. D 34. C 35. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是说明文。主要讲述了养宠物对人的多种益处。
【32题详解】
推理判断题。根据“Wright’s mther didn’t feel that she had much t live fr—except a dg named Buddy.”可知，巴迪给维奥莱特的生活增添了乐趣。故选A。
【33题详解】
细节理解题。根据“In 1990, a study was dne with peple wh aged 65 and lder. It shwed that pet wners went t the dctr less than peple withut pets.”可知，养宠物的人比不养宠物的人需要的医疗护理更少。故选D。
【34题详解】
细节理解题。根据“In Jhnsn’s study, levels f the “gd” chemicals rse when peple were arund pets.”可知，养宠物会增加“好”化学物质的水平。故选C。
【35题详解】
推理判断题。根据“In a study f five nursing hmes with pets, 25% fewer peple stay in bed all day. And sres caused by being in bed were dwn 57%. Having pets arund was gd fr the wrkers t. They missed wrk 48% less than befre the pets came.”可知，作者通过对比养宠物前后的情况，来说明养宠物的好处，使第六段内容更有说服力。故选D。
D
A visit t a supermarket ffers yu chices frm a wide range f prducts, nt nly vegetables f all srts but als berries and ther fruit. Yu can decide whether t g fr strawberries r apples. Hwever, it’s nt s easy fr farmers. They have t decide what t grw while wrrying abut getting their crps enugh water and wndering if they’ll make mney.
Many aspects f farming are difficult, says mathematician Estelle Basr. She’s directr f the American Institute f Mathematics in Pal Alt in Nrthern Califrnia. Farmers face a lt f unknwns, including weather, pests and an idea in ecnmics (经济学) called supply and demand. Farmers may, fr example, grw mre strawberries than their custmers are ready t buy (r demand). S, t use up the supply, they end up selling their strawberries at lwer prices. If prices fall t lw, farmers dn’t make enugh t cver the cst f grwing crps. Basr wrks with ther mathematicians t came up with methds t help farmers make decisins abut what t grw, and especially hw t reduce water use.
Farms in Califrnia, including thse in the Pajar Valley, prduce abut 80 percent f the fresh strawberries yu can buy in American supermarkets. In mst recent years, hwever, Califrnia has suffered a drught. The Pajar Valley and ther areas f the state are feeling the effects f the shrtage f rainfall.
Pajar Valley farmers draw their water frm an undergrund aquifer (含水层). The truble is that they have been pumping water ut f the aquifer faster than it can be replaced by rainfall, and the drught has made things even wrse. Many farmers are wndering whether they can switch t crps that use less water but that peple will still buy.
The mathematicians started by cllecting infrmatin n water use, crp prices, and ther variables. They then prgrammed cmputers t, in fact, play a game. The gal was t find the cmbinatin f crps that wuld prduce the highest prfit (收益) using the least amunt f water-all while meeting custmer demand. This apprach is an example f a mathematical strategy called ptimizatin.
The first versin mdeled (模拟) a 100-acre farm, planted with varius cmbinatins f five different crp types. On this virtual farm, raspberries, which use less water, prved t be mre prfitable than strawberries.
The researchers have been checking with farmers t see whether their mdel ffers reasnable results, and s far the respnse is encuraging. They hpe that their mdel will eventually help farmers all acrss the cuntry, whether they are grwing crn in Iwa r sybeans in Suth Carlina.
36. What is the writer trying t express in the first paragraph?
A. Farmers fail t prvide enugh prducts.B. Supermarkets can satisfy custmers’ needs.
C. Custmers are free t chse what they like.D. Farmers face the challenge f chsing crps.
37. What des the underlined wrd “supply” in Paragraph 2 mean?
A. The cst f grwing strawberries.B. The unknwn prblems t farmers.
C. The price f the strawberries n sale.D. The amunt f the strawberries fr sale.
38. What prblem d farmers in the Pajar Valley face?
A. There isn’t enugh rainfall.B. The quality f crps ges dwn.
C. They fail t draw water frm rivers.D. The prductin f strawberries isn’t enugh.
39. What des the underlined wrd “it” in Paragraph 4 refer t?
A. The aquifer they draw water frm.B. The rainfall that falls int the aquifer.
C. The truble farmers in Pajara Valley face.D. The water the farmers have been pumping.
40. Hw d mathematicians help with the farming in the Pajar Valley?
A By studying custmers’ needs.B. By mdeling farming in the cmputer.
C. By imprving the quality f crps.D. By wrking ut new ways f prductin.
【答案】36. D 37. D 38. A 39. D 40. B
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要探讨了农民在种植作物时面临的挑战，尤其是水资源短缺和经济效益的平衡问题。
【36题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第一段“Hwever, it’s nt s easy fr farmers. They have t decide what t grw...”可知，作者通过对比顾客选择的自由与农民的困难，强调农民面临选择作物的挑战。故选D。
【37题详解】
词句猜测题。根据第二段“Farmers may grw mre strawberries than their custmers are ready t buy... t use up the supply”可知，他们最终会以较低的价格出售草莓，说明供给量打，“supply”指待售的草莓总量。故选D。
【38题详解】
细节理解题。根据第四段“Califrnia has suffered a drught... the shrtage f rainfall”以及“pumping water ut faster than it can be replaced by rainfall”可知，缺水，降雨不足是核心问题。故选A。
【39题详解】
词句猜测题。根据第四段“they have been pumping water ut f the aquifer faster than it can be replaced by rainfall”可知，他们一直在以比降雨还快的速度把水抽出含水层，“it”指代的是被抽走的水。故选D。
【40题详解】
细节理解题。根据第五段“prgrammed cmputers t play a game”和第六段“the first versin mdeled a 100-acre farm”可知，数学家通过计算机建模分析最优种植策略。故选B。
非选择题 (共50分)
四、填空 (共15小题：每小题1分，满分15分)
A) 根据括号中所给的汉语写出单词，使句子意思完整正确。
41. Lunar New Year, a festival that dates back ________ (超过) 3,000 years, marks the start f spring and new year.
【答案】ver##mre than
【解析】
【详解】句意：农历新年，一个可以追溯到3000多年前的节日，标志着春天和新年的开始。ver或mre than表示“超过”，符合语境。故填ver/mre than。
42. It is celebrated in many ________ (亚洲的) cuntries n different dates every year.
【答案】Asian
【解析】
【详解】句意：每年在许多亚洲国家，它在不同的日期被庆祝。根据“many... (亚洲的) cuntries”可知，此处需要一个形容词来修饰名词“cuntries”，“亚洲的”英文是“Asian”，故填Asian。
43. This is a time fr family reunins, visiting relatives and friends and exchanging greetings fr the ________ (即将来临的) New Year.
【答案】cming
【解析】
【详解】句意：这是一个家庭团聚、拜访亲朋好友以及为即将来临的新年互致问候的时刻。根据“the... (即将来临的) New Year”可知，此处需要一个形容词来修饰名词“New Year” ，“即将来临的”常见英文表达为“cming”，故填cming。
44. Adults ften give children in their families red packets with mney ________ (在里面) .
【答案】inside
【解析】
【详解】句意：成年人经常给家里的孩子红包，里面装着钱。根据“red packets with mney”以及汉语提示可知，红包里面常常装着钱，inside“在里面”，副词作地点状语，说明钱的位置在红包内部。故填inside。
45. Peple prepare fr the hliday by making decratins with red and gld which represent luck, happiness and ________ (财富).
【答案】wealth
【解析】
【详解】句意：人们通过制作红色和金色的装饰品来为节日做准备，这些颜色代表着好运、幸福和财富。根据汉语提示可知，wealth“财富”，在句子中与“luck”和“happiness”并列，共同构成宾语部分，作动词represent“代表”的宾语，故填wealth。
B) 根据句子意思，用括号中所给单词的适当形式填空。
46. Educatin is nt preparatin fr life; educatin is life ________ (it).
【答案】itself
【解析】
【详解】句意：教育不是为生活做准备，教育本身就是生活。根据“Educatin is nt preparatin fr life; educatin is life...”可知，这里强调教育本身，要用反身代词，“it”的反身代词是“itself”，故填itself。
47. My headteacher always encurages me ________ (fllw) my passin and step utside my cmfrt zne.
【答案】t fllw
【解析】
【详解】句意：我的班主任总是鼓励我追随自己的热情，走出自己的舒适区。根据“encurages me... (fllw) my passin”可知，固定短语“encurage sb. t d sth.”，意为“鼓励某人做某事”，所以要用动词不定式 t fllw 来作宾语补足语。故填t fllw。
48. When yu rise t the challenges, yu will learn great knwledge and enjy ________ (persn) grwth.
【答案】persnal
【解析】
【详解】句意：当你迎接挑战时，你将学到丰富的知识并享受个人成长。根据“yu will learn great knwledge and ”以及提示可知，空格处需要形容词作定语，修饰名词grwth，说明成长的性质是个人的，persn的形容词形式为persnal，persnal grwth“个人成长”，固定搭配，故填persnal。
49. Life is a bk and there are still many pages I ________ (nt read) yet.
【答案】haven’t read
【解析】
【详解】句意：生活就像一本书，还有很多页我还未读完。根据“”可知，时态为现在完成时，结构为have/has + 过去分词，read”过去分词仍为“read”，因为“未读完”这个动作还未完成，因此在助动词“have”后加“nt”缩写为“haven’t”，主语为I，故填haven’t read。
50. Yu can hardly imagine hw hard Tm practised ________ (pass) the PE exam.
【答案】t pass
【解析】
【详解】句意：你几乎无法想象汤姆为了通过体育考试练习得多么努力。空格所在从句是一个感叹句，将hard放回从句中，应该是Tm practised hard ________ the PE exam。此处用不定式表示目的。故填t pass。
根据短文内容，从下面方框中选择适当的单词或短语填空，使短文内容完整正确。
Chinese cartn makers have been using stries frm ld Chinese legends since 1941, when China’s first cartn Princess Irn Fan ____51____. In 2024, the mvie Nezha became super ppular. It was als China’s first 3D cartn ____52____ n huge IMAX screens.
The directr, Yang Yu, spent tw years ____53____ the stry. Making the whle mvie tk three years, making it the hardest cartn ever created in China. The film has ver 1,300 ____54____ effect scenes. Mre than 20 Chinese cmpanies and 1,600 wrkers helped create magical places like fairy tale wrlds, the Dragn King’s secret palace, and battles between fire and water. Just ne amazing scene tk tw mnths t finish!
Yang wanted t make a mvie abut fighting unfair ideas and changing peple’s ____55____. He chse Nezha, a yung her wh breaks rules but fights fr what’s right.
【答案】51. was made
52. shwn 53. imprving
54. special
55. future
【解析】
【导语】本文主要讲述中国动画制作的发展情况。自1941年中国首部动画片《铁扇公主》制作以来，动画制作者常采用中国古代传说故事。
【51题详解】
句意：自1941年中国第一部动画片《铁扇公主》制作以来，中国动画制作人一直在使用中国古代传说中的故事。根据“China’s first cartn Princess Irn Fan”可知，这里说的是第一部动画片被制作，“was made”是“make”的一般过去时被动语态，意为“被制作” ，符合语境。故填was made。
【52题详解】
句意：它也是第一部在大型IMAX屏幕上放映的中国3D动画片。根据“n huge IMAX screens”可知，这里说的是在屏幕上放映，“shwn”是“shw”的过去分词，有“放映；展示”的意思 ，符合语境。故填shwn。
53题详解】
句意：导演杨宇花了两年时间完善这个故事。根据“spent tw years”及语境可知，这里说的是花费时间做某事，“spend +时间+（in）ding sth.”表示“花费时间做某事” ，“imprving”是“imprve”的动名词形式，意为“完善；改进”，符合语境。故填imprving。
【54题详解】
句意：这部电影有1300多个特效场景。根据“effect scenes”及语境可知，这里说的是特效场景，“special effect”是固定搭配，意为“特效” ，“special”意为“特殊的” ，符合语境。故填special。
【55题详解】
句意：杨想制作一部关于对抗不公平观念和改变人们命运的电影。根据“changing peple’s”及语境可知，这里说的是改变人们的某种事物，“future”作名词时意为“未来；命运” ，符合语境。故填future。
五、阅读填空 (共20小题；每小题1分，满分20分)
阅读下面短文，根据所读内容，在文章后小题的空格里填入一个最恰当的单词。注意最后两个小题词数不限。
A reader’s brain is different
It appears that few yung peple read fr fun these days in the UK. In a 2024 survey by the UK charity The Reading Agency, almst ne in fur peple aged 16~24 in the cuntry said they didn’t read regularly. What des it mean? What kind f structure des a gd reader’s brain actually have?
My new study published in the jurnal Neurimage studied pen-surce data frm mre than 1,000 peple. The result shws differences in tw regins f the brain’s left tempral lbe (大脑左颞叶), which sits behind the left ear.
One is the lbe’s frnt part knwn as the tempral ple (颞极). It helps cnnect and srt different kinds f infrmatin. Fr example, t understand a wrd like “leg”, this brain regin links hw legs lk, feel, and mve. In peple wh read well, the left tempral ple is thinner cmpared t the right.
The ther is the Heschl’s gyrus (海氏回) n the lbe’s upper part. The fld hsts the auditry crtex (听觉皮层) that prcesses sunds. That the auditry crtex wuld be related t reading might seem less bvius (明显的): isn’t reading mainly a visual skill? Nt nly. T match letters with speech sunds, we first need t be aware f the sunds f the spken language. This phnlgical awareness has been knwn t set the stage fr children’s reading develpment.
A thinner left Heschl’s gyrus has previusly been ften related t dyslexia (阅读障碍), a cnditin that makes reading very difficult. Hwever, my research shws that this difference in thickness isn’t just abut dyslexia. It applies t mre peple, where having a thicker auditry crtex is related t being better at reading skills. But it’s imprtant t knw that the brain changes when we learn smething new r practice a skill we have already mastered. Fr example, yung adults wh studied languages a lt saw an increase in the thickness f brain areas related t language. Similarly, reading is likely t shape the structure f the left Heschl’s gyrus. S, if yu want t keep yur heschl’s gyrus healthy, pick up a gd bk and start reading.
【答案】56. Backgrund
57. habit 58. based
59. brain 60. differences
61. readers
62. bviusly
63. better 64. The readers r anyne wh wants t imprve their reading skills.
65. T explain hw reading affects the brain structure and encurage peple t read mre.
【解析】
【导语】本文主要讲述了了阅读对大脑结构的影响。
【56题详解】
根据“It appears that few yung peple read fr fun these days in the UK.”可知，文章开头提供了关于英国年轻人阅读习惯的背景信息。故填Backgrund。
【57题详解】
根据“almst ne in fur peple aged 16~24 in the cuntry said they didn’t read regularly.”可知，调查显示，四分之一的年轻人没有定期阅读的习惯。故填habit。
【58题详解】
根据“studied pen-surce data frm mre than 1,000 peple.”可知，研究基于1000多人的开源数据。故填based。
【59题详解】
根据“The result shws differences in tw regins f the brain’s left tempral lbe”可知，研究探讨了阅读对大脑结构的影响。故填brain。
【60题详解】
根据“The result shws differences in tw regins f the brain’s left tempral lbe”可知，研究发现大脑左颞叶的两个区域存在差异。故填differences。
【61题详解】
根据“In peple wh read well, the left tempral ple is thinner cmpared t the right.”可知，阅读能力强的人左颞极更薄。故填readers。
【62题详解】
根据“That the auditry crtex wuld be related t phnlgical awareness has been knwn t set the stage fr children’s reading develpment.”可知，虽然不明显，但听觉皮层对儿童阅读发展有帮助。故填bviusly。
【63题详解】
根据“where having a thicker auditry crtex is related t being better at reading skills.”可知，听觉皮层较厚的人在阅读方面表现更好。故填better。
【64题详解】
根据“want t keep yur Heschl’s gyrus healthy, pick up a gd bk and start reading.”可知，段落中“yu”指的是读者或任何想提高阅读技能的人。答案言之有理即可，参考答案为：The readers r anyne wh wants t imprve their reading skills.。
【65题详解】
通读全文可知，文章的目的是解释阅读如何影响大脑结构，并鼓励人们多阅读。答案言之有理即可，参考答案为：T explain hw reading affects the brain structure and encurage peple t read mre.。
根据短文内容及首字母提示，填写所缺单词。
When is enugh enugh?
There has t be mre t life than this. W____66____ the hliday seasn upn us, nw is a gd time t take a breather and cnsider a digital detx (数字排毒). That desn’t mean giving up the Internet. N ne wuld c____67____ us t act right nw. Think f it as ging n a diet and replacing bad habits with much h____68____ nes t give ur tired eyes sme much needed dwntime frm technlgy.
T much screen time is h____69____ t ur health, rbbing us f sleep and mre prductive tasks. But n____70____ all screen time is bad, after all, many students are attending schl with apps. S Step One is t assess (评估) w____71____ parts f screen time are unnecessary. That culd be playing cmputer games r scrlling thrugh Twitter and Facebk. Step Tw is t c____72____ a realistic plan t reduce the time spent n the bad stuff.
Yu culd set mdest gals, such as l____73____ the time t 20 minutes a day n weekends. If that feels achievable, make it a daily gal. Repetitin (重复) will help yu f____74____ new habits. Mst imprtantly, dn’t treat screen time as if it were a piece f candy that yu smetimes a_____75_____ yurself t relax, that may d the ppsite.
In fact, the digital detx is nt nly the cntrl f nline hurs n the digital age but als the clear awareness f urselves.
【答案】66. (W)ith
67. (c)unsel
68. (h)ealthier
69. (h)armful
70. (n)t 71. (w)hich
72. (c)reate
73. (l)imiting
74. (f)rm 75. (a)llw
【解析】
【导语】本文主要探讨了在数字时代如何合理控制屏幕使用时间的必要性和方法。
【66题详解】
句意：随着假期临近，现在是休息和考虑数字排毒的好时机。根据“With the hliday seasn upn us”可知，此处表达随着假期临近，With“随着”符合句意，句首首字母大写。故填(W)ith。
【67题详解】
句意：没人会劝我们现在就采取行动。根据“N ne wuld cunsel us t act right nw”可知，此处需表示“劝告”，cunsel sb. t d“劝告某人做某事”，动词短语。故填(c)unsel。
【68题详解】
句意：你可以把它想象成节食，用更健康的习惯取代坏习惯，让我们疲惫的眼睛在科技之外有一些急需的休息时间。根据“replacing bad habits with much healthier nes”可知，此处需形容词比较级表示用更健康的习惯取代坏习惯，healthier表示“更健康的”。故填(h)ealthier。
【69题详解】
句意：过多的屏幕时间对健康有害，剥夺了我们的睡眠和更有成效的工作。根据“T much screen time is harmful t ur health”可知，此处表达过多的屏幕时间对健康有害，需用形容词 harmful表示“有害的”。故填(h)armful。
【70题详解】
句意：但并非所有屏幕时间都是坏的，毕竟，许多学生都在使用应用程序上学。根据“Nt all screen time is bad”可知，此处需否定词nt表示部分否定，句首首字母大写。故填(n)t。
【71题详解】
句意：评估哪些屏幕时间是不必要的。根据“assess which parts f screen time are unnecessary”可知，此处需疑问代词which引导宾语从句，表示“哪些”。故填(w)hich。
【72题详解】
句意：第二步是制定一个现实的计划，减少花在坏事情上的时间。根据“create a realistic plan”可知，此处表达制定一个现实的计划，需动词 create表示“制定”。故填(c)reate。
【73题详解】
句意：你可以设定适度的目标，比如把周末的时间限制在每天20分钟。根据“limiting the time t 20 minutes a day”可知，此处需动名词表示“限制”。故填(l)imiting。
【74题详解】
句意：重复会帮助你形成新的习惯。最重要的是，不要把看屏幕的时间当作一块糖，有时你允许自己放松，这可能会适得其反。根据“Repetitin will help yu frm new habits”可知，此处表达重复会帮助你形成新的习惯，需动词frm表示“形成”。故填(f)rm。
【75题详解】
句意：重复会帮助你形成新的习惯。最重要的是，不要把看屏幕的时间当作一块糖，有时你允许自己放松，这可能会适得其反。根据“allw yurself t relax”可知，此处表达允许自己放松，需动词allw表示“允许”。故填(a)llw。
六、书面表达 (满分15分)
76. East r West, hme is best. Hme is mre than a place where we find lve, warmth, and a sense f belnging. Each hme has its wn stry. Please write a passage n the tpic “Hme is mre than a place”.
In yur writing, the fllwings shuld be included:
What makes a huse a hme?
Share yur wn experience that shws the imprtance f hme.
注意：
1. 标题自拟，词数80左右；
2. 文中不得出现你的真实姓名和学校名称；
3. 语言通顺，意思连贯，条理清楚，书写规范。
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】例文
Hme: Mre Than Just a Building
A huse becmes a hme when it’s filled with lve and care. Family members’ laughter, shared meals, and mutual supprt turn a mere building int a warm haven.
Once, I failed an imprtant exam and felt extremely dwn. When I gt hme, my parents didn’t scld me. Instead, they cmfrted me and helped me analyze my mistakes. That mment, I truly realized hme is where I’m always understd and supprted. Hme is nt just a place; it’s the surce f my strength and happiness.
【解析】
【详解】[总体分析]
①题材：本文是一篇材料作文。
②时态：时态为“一般现在时”和“一般过去时”。
③提示：根据提示内容，可适当发挥，注意语句通顺，条理清晰。
[写作步骤]
第一步，开篇点明让房子成为家的关键因素是爱与关怀，为下文做铺垫。
第二步，讲述自己考试失利后在家得到父母安慰与帮助的经历，以此体现家的重要性。
第三步，结尾总结升华，再次强调家不只是一个地方，更是力量与幸福的源泉。
[亮点词汇]
①be filled with充满
②feel dwn感到沮丧
③mutual supprt相互扶持
[高分句型]
①Once, I failed an imprtant exam and felt extremely dwn.（and连接两个并列谓语）
②When I gt hme, my parents didn't scld me. Instead, they cmfrted me and helped me analyze my mistakes.（when引导时间状语从句）
imprving shwn was made special future
____56____ infrmatin
● Few yung peple enjy reading in the UK.
● 1/4 f peple aged 16~24 dn’t have the ____57____ f regular reading.
A study
● It is ____58____ n pen-surce data frm ver 1000 peple.
● It studies the influence f reading n the ____59____ structure.
Findings
There’re ____60____ lying in tw parts f the brain’s left tempral lbe.
The tempral ple
● It lies in the frnt part f the lbe.
● It helps cnnect and srt infrmatin.
● Skilled ____61____ have a thinner left tempral ple.
The Heschl’s gyrus
● It lies n the upper part f the lbe.
● The auditry crtex in this part deals with sunds.
● Thugh it isn’t ____62____ nticed, the auditry crtex helps children’s reading develpment.
● Peple with a thicker auditry crtex d ____63____ in reading.
Yur understanding
Wh des the underlined wrd “yu” in Paragraph 5 refer t?
___________________64___________________
What is the purpse f the writing?
___________________65___________________