天津西青区2025-2026学年第一学期学业质量期末检测高二英语试卷（试卷+解析）

这是一份天津西青区2025-2026学年第一学期学业质量期末检测高二英语试卷（试卷+解析），共34页。
第Ⅰ卷
第一部分：听力（共两节，满分15分）
第一节（共5小题；每小题1分，满分5分）
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1. What are the tw speakers talking abut?
A. mvie. B. A gift. C. A party.
2. What is the man cnsidering ding?
A. Preparing fr a exam.
B. Starting his wn business.
C. Attending mre interviews.
3. What is mst prbably the man?
A. A teacher. B. A writer. C. A bss.
4. Where are the speakers?
A. In a library. B. In a park. C. At a bus stp.
5. What des the man want t d?
A. Rent a flat. B. Find a jb. C. Buy a huse.
第二节（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）
听下面3段材料。每段材料有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段材料前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段材料读两遍。
听下面一段材料，回答第6至8小题。
6. When did the wman g t see a film?
A. Last Mnday. B. Last Thursday. C. Last weekend.
7. What was the wman’s pinin f the film?
A. She didn’t like it very much.
B. She thught it was a pwerful mvie.
C. She fund it entertaining.
8. What was the man’s usual chice f mvies?
A. Cmmercial films. B. Classic mvies. C. Independent films.
听下面一段材料，回答第9至11小题。
9. What is the mst prbable relatinship between the speakers?
A. Rmmates. B. Teammates. C. Friends.
10. Why is the wman amazed?
A. The man designed his huse himself.
B. The man put many ftballs in his huse.
C The man is familiar with many ftball stars.
11. Which f the fllwing huse des the wman like?
A. A ftball huse. B. A mtrhme. C. A garden apartment.
听下面一段材料，回答第12至15小题。
12. What is the main purpse f the English training prgram?
A. T help native speakers learn freign languages.
B. T enhance English skills fr nn-English speakers.
C. T nly teach knwledge f U.S. culture.
13. Hw many levels f curses des the prgram ffer?
A. Seven. B. Eight. C. Twelve.
14 What d students need t d n the first day f the prgram?
A. Take a placement test.
B. Attend a cultural lecture.
C. Chse full-time curses.
15. What can students get if they pass an end-f-sessin test?
A. Extra English hurs fr free.
B. A chance t wrk part-time.
C. A prmtin t a higher level.
第二部分：英语知识运用（共两节，满分45分）
第一节：单项填空（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
从A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
1. After the pwer cut, the first thing we d is ________ the radi t listen t news.
A. turn dwnB. pick utC. switch nD. check ut
2. The little girl’s eyes are red because she ________ ver her lst ty dg all afternn.
A. has been cryingB. criesC. will cryD. cried
3. Miss Li ________ gets angry, always smiling and talking sftly t all students.
A. rarelyB. regularlyC. usuallyD. frequently
4. When the firemen rushed int the building, sme trapped passengers ________ t the windws by thick smke.
A. have been pushedB. were pushing
C. have pushedD. were being pushed
5. The rf will ________ under the heavy weight unless we clear the snw.
A. catch fireB. give wayC. shw resultsD. take effect
6. The number f birds will ________ if we cut dwn t many trees nw.
A. declineB. increaseC. varyD. grw
7. Dn’t call me at 8 p. m. tnight. I ________ an nline meeting with my team members then.
A. will be havingB. have hadC. hadD. have
8. Feeding birds in the garden is ________: yu spend a little time, but they greet yu with sngs every mrning.
A. demandingB. rewardingC. prmisingD. shcking
9. The ld man walks in the park every evening, a ________ he has kept fr 10 years.
A. scheduleB. listC. recrdD. rutine
10. By the time the rescue team finally reached the remte village, the villagers ________ withut fresh water fr three days.
A. wentB. have gneC. had gneD. g
11. If yu can’t attend the meeting, I’ll speak ________ yu and share yur ideas.
A. in favur fB. n accunt fC. in hnur fD. n behalf f
12. After wrking hard, peple ften use music players t ______ their rest, such as by playing sft sngs t make resting mre cmfrtable.
A. guideB. saveC. facilitateD. change
13. The museum exhibitin was cancelled because all the paintings ________ by rain befre the pening day.
A. have been damagedB. were damaged
C. had been damagedD. are damaged
14. My family mved t the new cmmunity last mnth, ________ we can nw walk t the park within five minutes.
A. whenB. whereC. whichD. that
15. ________ ec-friendly materials has becme a key trend fr mdern fashin brands t reduce envirnmental impact.
A. UsingB. T useC. UsedD. Being used
第二节：完形填空（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）
阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从31～50各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
I never truly understd the meaning f “peer pressure” until I jined the crss-cuntry team in my freshman year. The training was ____16____ than I had imagined. Every mrning, we were expected t ____17____ fr training befre the sun was up. Seeing all the ther runners, s fast and skilled, made me feel embarrassed and ____18____. I started t dubt my wn ability t ____19____.
One rainy mrning, I was particularly ____20____. My legs felt heavy, and I was falling far behind the rest. The thught f just stpping and ging hme felt like a better ____21____. Just then, ur cach, Mr. Evans, jgged up beside me. “Stp lking at them,” he said, his vice calm but firm. “Yu’re nt running their race. Yu need t find yur wn ____22____.”
His wrds were simple, but they struck me. I had been s fcused n ____23____ myself t thers that I had frgtten why I started running in the first place. It wasn’t t be the best n the team; it was t ____24____ my wn limits and get strnger. Frm that day n, I chse a different ____25____. I stpped fcusing n the runners ahead f me and started celebrating my wn ____26____, hwever small.
Over time running became less f a ____27____ and mre f a jy. I didn’t becme the fastest runner, but I became the best ____28____ f myself. This lessn went far beynd the running track. In grup prjects r when studying fr exams, I learned t wrk in my wn ____29____, withut being ____30____ by what thers were achieving.
Nw, whenever I see a teammate struggling with ____31____, I share Mr. Evans’s advice. But true success cmes frm fllwing yur wn path. This experience taught me an imprtant life lessn: yur jurney is ____32____. Dn’t let the nise f thers’ pinins ____33____ yur wn inner vice. Life isn’t abut ____34____ against everyne else; it’s abut winning against wh yu were yesterday — finding jy in small steps frward, and pride in hw far yu’ve cme. And that is a jurney everyne can ____35____.
16. A. clearerB. fasterC. smtherD. tugher
17. A. turn upB. check inC. shw ffD. g ahead
18. A. ut f dateB. ut f placeC. ut f mindD. ut f wrk
19. A. hang utB. set ffC. keep upD. calm dwn
20. A. nervusB. cnfidentC. upsetD. energetic
21. A. futureB. chiceC. chanceD. deal
22. A. galB. answerC. talentD. duty
23. A. cmmittingB. revealingC. devtingD. cmparing
24. A. feelB. remveC. testD. set
25. A. rleB. attitudeC. ruleD. envirnment
26. A. stryB. jurneyC. wrthD. prgress
27. A. habitB. cmmunityC. philsphyD. struggle
28. A. versinB. frmC. typeD. luck
29. A. rderB. styleC. grupD. time
30. A. frightenedB. discuragedC. puzzledD. annyed
31. A. dubtB. mtivatinC. changeD. cncentratin
32. A. endlessB. preciusC. beautifulD. unique
33. A. hld backB. speak utC. pipe upD. tne dwn
34. A. guardingB. turningC. cmpetingD. defending
35. A. planB. cncludeC. appreciateD. pause
第三部分：阅读理解（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳答案，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
A
A Guide t the British Museum
Planning a visit t the British Museum in Lndn? This guide will prvide yu with essential infrmatin t make the mst f yur trip.
Opening Hurs
The Museum is pen daily frm 10:00 t 17:00.
On Fridays, the Museum extends its hurs and stays pen until 20:30.
The Museum is clsed n 1 January and 24 — 26 December
Admissin
General admissin t the Museum’s permanent cllectin is free fr all visitrs. This ensures everyne can explre wrld cultures and histry.
Sme special exhibitins and events require a paid ticket. It is highly recmmended t bk these tickets nline in advance t guarantee entry.
Highlights & Planning
The Museum’s cllectin is vast, cvering ver tw millin years f histry. It is impssible t see everything in ne visit.
We recmmend planning yur rute befrehand. Yu can dwnlad a map frm the fficial website r pick ne up at the infrmatin desk upn arrival.
Key highlights include the Rsetta Stne, the Parthenn sculptures, and the Egyptian mummies. We advise allcating at least three hurs fr yur visit.
Facilities
Free Wi-Fi is available thrughut the Museum.
Several cafes and a restaurant are lcated inside, ffering a range f dining ptins.
Limited wheelchairs can be brrwed free f charge frm the main entrance, subject t availability.
We hpe these facilities and tips help yu enjy a wnderful and educatinal day at the British Museum.
36. Accrding t the guide, when can visitrs stay at the British Museum until 8:30 p.m.?
A. On weekdaysB. On Fridays.
C. During special exhibitins.D. On public hlidays.
37. Which is true abut the admissin t the British Museum?
A. All visitrs need t pay an entrance fee.
B. Tickets must be bked nline fr special exhibitins.
C. N charge is needed t view the permanent cllectin.
D. The Museum is free nly fr students and senirs.
38. What des the guide suggest visitrs d befre their trip?
A. Decide which bjects t see first.B. Apply fr free wheelchair access.
C. Learn abut the histry f the Rsetta Stne.D. Make a reservatin fr the restaurant.
39. In Facilities sectin “subject t availability” means wheelchairs are prvided ________.
A at any timeB. if availableC. fr a feeD. t all visitrs
40. What is the main purpse f this passage?
A. T cmpare the British Museum with ther museums.
B. T advertise special exhibitins at the British Museum.
C. T prvide practical infrmatin fr ptential visitrs.
D. T describe the histry f the British Museum’s cllectin.
B
Brn in 1949, Diana Nyad develped an early interest in swimming and became a Flrida State High Schl swimming champin. Like many yung athletes, she dreamed f cmpeting in the Olympics, but a serius illness ruined her chance t qualify fr the Games. Hwever, the disappintment did nt stp her frm mving frward. Instead, she turned her fcus t marathn swimming. A naturally gifted athlete, Nyad was physically well-cnditined t endure lng perids in the water. As a lng-distance swimmer, she wuld cmpete nt nly against herself but als against bstacles such as distance, danger, cld, and exhaustin.
Over the next ten years, Nyad dedicated herself t becming ne f the wrld’s tp lng-distance swimmers. In 1970, she swam a ten-mile marathn in Lake Ontari, setting the wmen’s recrd fr that curse. In 1972, she brke anther recrd by swimming 102.5 miles frm a Bahamian island t the Flrida cast. Then, in 1975, she brke a third recrd when she swam arund Manhattan Island.
Nyad attempted t swim the distance between Flrida and Cuba in 1978. Thugh the stretch f water is less than 100 miles wide, it is rugh and dangerus. After battling the water fr tw days, she was frced t abandn the attempt t prtect her health and safety. Even s, she impressed the wrld with her curage and strng desire t succeed. Fr Nyad, the strength f her purpse mattered as much as reaching Cuba itself. “That was hw she defined success,” she later reflected: “It didn’t matter that my swim fell shrt — I believed I had already tuched the ther shre.”
T her, success was never just abut crssing a finish line — it was abut refusing t back dwn frm a dream. When Nyad eventually retired frm swimming, she cntinued t take n new challenges: traveling the wrld as a reprter, writing bks, and delivering public speeches abut her life jurney. Tday, Diana Nyad still wrks t inspire thers, just as she did when she swam the wrld’s mst daunting waters.
41. What is the key reasn that Nyad turned t marathn swimming?
A. She failed t qualify fr the Olympic Games.
B. She wanted t find a less cmpetitive sprt than pl swimming.
C. She fund she had a natural talent fr spending lng perids in water.
D. A health prblem prevented her frm achieving her riginal dream.
42. Hw is the infrmatin in the secnd paragraph rganized?
A. By listing events in the rder they happened.
B. By describing Nyad’s feelings during each swim.
C. By explaining why Nyad brke swimming recrds.
D. By cmparing Nyad’s swimming speed with thers.
43. What des the underlined phrase “fell shrt” prbably mean in Paragraph 3?
A. Ended in failure.B. Was stpped by dangers.
C. Was shrter than planned.D. Tk less time than expected.
44. What did Nyad d after she finished her swimming career?
A. She trained yung swimmers t achieve their Olympic dreams.
B. She reprted n glbal events as a traveling jurnalist.
C. She shared her life stries thrugh writing and speaking.
D. She advcated fr safer cnditins in lng-distance swimming.
45. What is the main purpse f the passage?
A. T explain the challenges f marathn swimming.
B. T describe the histry f lng-distance swimming recrds.
C. T tell the life stry f an inspiring and determined athlete.
D. T cmpare Nyad’s swimming career with her later jbs.
C
Tday, the number f Asian elephants seems t be ging up in sme places. By 2021, the elephant ppulatin in Sri Lanka was back t nearly 6,000. But there’s a bigger prblem: the human ppulatin has grwn even faster. Sri Lanka is abut 25,000 square miles, but it has almst 22 millin peple. That means elephants in Sri Lanka dn’t have much space t mve arund. The land they used t live n has been turned int twns and farms. S humans and elephants are fighting mre and mre. When elephants find farmers’ crps, the farmers ften lse a lt f mney. Smetimes, these fights even get dangerus.
It all cmes dwn t this riddle: Hw can an enrmus animal keep living well n a cntinent where space is nly getting mre limited? The answer might lie in understanding the elephants themselves, nt just as a species but as individuals.
Since January 2019, Sateesh Venkatesh, a graduate student wh is researching elephants, and his team have been giving the PVC-pipe test t elephants t bserve their prblem-slving styles. In the test, apples had been placed inside the pipes, and the elephants’ task was t get the apples ut. D elephants that apprached the pipe hesitantly als stay farther frm farmers’ fields? D the nes wh tre at the pipe frcefully als brave the firecrackers (鞭炮) and flashing lights the farmers set ff t scare them away at night?
If elephants wh are risk-takers can be identified, maybe the scientists will be able t figure ut hw t better keep them ut f farms and thus reduce cnflict with peple. Besides, learning all the different methds elephants emply t take dwn an electric fence wuld prbably be helpful fr designing better fences.
“It’s all very idealistic at this pint, I have t admit,” says Venkatesh. “But it’s a fresh apprach. When a child, fr example, is tld they can’t have the ckies, he still wants a ckie. But we dn’t put up an electric fence in the kitchen t prevent ur children. We cme up with nn-harmful, psitive ways t keep them away frm the ckies. I think we can d the same fr elephants.”
46. Why are humans and elephants fighting mre in Sri Lanka?
A. Asian elephants eat crps and destry farms.
B. Human ppulatin grws faster leaving elephants less space.
C. Elephants ften fight with humans ver living areas.
D. Sri Lanka’s climate changes making elephants mve areas.
47. What is the purpse f the PVC-pipe test cnducted by Sateesh Venkatesh’s team?
A. T check hw fast elephants find apples.
B. T test if pipes blck elephants.
C. T cmpare elephants’ eating habits.
D. T learn hw elephants slve prblems.
48. What can help reduce cnflict between humans and elephants accrding t the passage?
A. Drive risk-taking elephants away frm farms.
B. Identify risk-takers and design better fences.
C. Teach elephants t avid electric fences.
D. Stp using electric fences arund farms.
49. What des Venkatesh mean by cmparing elephants t children?
A. Guide elephants gently with safe methds, like kids.
B. Elephants need t learn rules, just like kids.
C. Electric fences dn’t wrk fr kids r elephants.
D. Bth need strict cntrl t stp bad behavir.
50. Which f the fllwing is the best title fr the passage?
A. Farms vs. Elephant Attacks in Sri Lanka Tday
B. Mre Elephants Nw Living in Sri Lanka Area
C. Elephants’ Prblem-Slving Skills in Pipe Tests
D. Reduce Human-Elephant Fights: Study Persnalities
第Ⅱ卷
第四部分：写作（共两节；满分30分）
第一节：阅读表达（共5小题，每小题2分，满分10分）
阅读下列短文并回答问题。
Sphia had always been the best art student in her class. Her paintings were clrful and full f energy, and her teacher ften praised her skill. S when the schl annunced an art cmpetitin with the theme “Cnnectin,” everyne expected Sphia t win. Hwever, fr the first time, Sphia fund herself staring at a blank sheet f paper, unsure f where t start.
Sphia fund the wrd “cnnectin” vague and difficult t explain. She tried drawing different ideas — a family hlding hands, a busy marketplace — but nne f them seemed t capture the deeper meaning she felt the theme required. “Is it just abut peple being tgether?” she wndered. “Or smething mre invisible, like feelings r memries?” Her classmates eagerly talked abut their ideas, shwing their early drawings and laughing as they wrked. Sphia, hwever, felt stuck, and the pressure t meet everyne’s expectatins nly made things wrse.
One afternn, Sphia decided t take a walk in the park t relax. As she wandered, she nticed a yung by trying t fly a kite. The kite shk in the air befre falling t the grund. The by sighed but didn’t give up. He carefully adjusted the string, ran faster, and tried again. His face shwed hw determined he was as he fcused n the kite. Finally, the kite rse high int the sky, and the by’s face lit up with happiness. Watching him, Sphia stpped in her tracks. She suddenly felt inspired, as if the by’s patience and determinatin had unlcked her wn creativity.
She rushed hme and began painting, shwing the by’s hard wrk, the kite’s bright clrs, and the invisible cnnectin between them. Her brush mved quickly, and her style was simple and direct, unlike her usual detailed wrk.
On the day f the cmpetitin, Sphia shwed her painting. Sme classmates whispered that it wasn’t her best wrk. Sphia felt unsure but std by her piece. Thugh she didn’t win first place, she received a special award fr “Mst Creative Artwrk.” As Sphia packed up her painting, she realized art wasn’t abut being perfect — it was abut shwing what truly mattered.
51. What made Sphia stand ut as an art student? (n mre than 10 wrds)
_______________________________________________________________________________________________
52. What des the underlined wrd “vague” mean in Paragraph 2? (n mre than 3 wrds)
_______________________________________________________________________________________________
53. What did Sphia see in the park that helped her with her painting? (n mre than 15 wrds)
_______________________________________________________________________________________________
54. What did Sphia learn abut art at the end? (n mre than 10 wrds)
_______________________________________________________________________________________________
55. D yu think Sphia’s painting deserved the special award? Why r why nt? (n mre than 20 wrds)
_______________________________________________________________________________________________
第二节：书面表达（满分20分）
56. 假定你是李津，你校的交换生朋友Bb要在寒假期间回国，打算为他父母准备一张唱片作为礼物，特来向你咨询。请你给他回复一封邮件。内容包括：
（1）推荐的唱片及简介；
（2）推荐理由；
（3）表达祝福。
注意：
（1）词数不少于100；
（2）可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
Dear Bb,
I’m glad t hear yu’re returning hme fr the winter hliday and want t pick a Chinese music recrd fr yur parents.
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Li Jin
2025～2026学年度第一学期西青统考学校学业质量期末监测
高二英语试卷
说明：本试卷由第Ⅰ卷和第Ⅱ卷组成，共120分，考试用时100分钟。
第Ⅰ卷
第一部分：听力（共两节，满分15分）
第一节（共5小题；每小题1分，满分5分）
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1. What are the tw speakers talking abut?
A. mvie. B. A gift. C. A party.
2. What is the man cnsidering ding?
A. Preparing fr a exam.
B. Starting his wn business.
C. Attending mre interviews.
3. What is mst prbably the man?
A. A teacher. B. A writer. C. A bss.
4. Where are the speakers?
A. In a library. B. In a park. C. At a bus stp.
5. What des the man want t d?
A. Rent a flat. B. Find a jb. C. Buy a huse.
第二节（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）
听下面3段材料。每段材料有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段材料前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段材料读两遍。
听下面一段材料，回答第6至8小题。
6. When did the wman g t see a film?
A. Last Mnday. B. Last Thursday. C. Last weekend.
7. What was the wman’s pinin f the film?
A. She didn’t like it very much.
B. She thught it was a pwerful mvie.
C. She fund it entertaining.
8. What was the man’s usual chice f mvies?
A. Cmmercial films. B. Classic mvies. C. Independent films.
听下面一段材料，回答第9至11小题。
9. What is the mst prbable relatinship between the speakers?
A. Rmmates. B. Teammates. C. Friends.
10. Why is the wman amazed?
A. The man designed his huse himself.
B. The man put many ftballs in his huse.
C. The man is familiar with many ftball stars.
11. Which f the fllwing huse des the wman like?
A. A ftball huse. B. A mtrhme. C. A garden apartment.
听下面一段材料，回答第12至15小题。
12. What is the main purpse f the English training prgram?
A. T help native speakers learn freign languages.
B. T enhance English skills fr nn-English speakers.
C. T nly teach knwledge f U.S. culture.
13. Hw many levels f curses des the prgram ffer?
A. Seven. B. Eight. C. Twelve.
14. What d students need t d n the first day f the prgram?
A Take a placement test.
B. Attend a cultural lecture.
C. Chse full-time curses.
15. What can students get if they pass an end-f-sessin test?
A. Extra English hurs fr free.
B. A chance t wrk part-time.
C. A prmtin t a higher level.
第二部分：英语知识运用（共两节，满分45分）
第一节：单项填空（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
从A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
1. After the pwer cut, the first thing we d is ________ the radi t listen t news.
A. turn dwnB. pick utC. switch nD. check ut
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：停电后，我们做的第一件事就是打开收音机听新闻。A. turn dwn调小，拒绝；B. pick ut挑选出；C. switch n打开；D. check ut检查，结账离开。根据后文“t listen t news”可知，要听新闻需要先打开收音机，switch n符合语境。故选C项。
2. The little girl’s eyes are red because she ________ ver her lst ty dg all afternn.
A. has been cryingB. criesC. will cryD. cried
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】考查动词时态。句意：小女孩的眼睛是红的，因为她整个下午都在为她丢失的玩具狗哭泣。根据all afternn可知，此处表示从过去某个时间开始一直持续到现在的动作，并且还有可能继续持续下去，用现在完成进行时，表示“一直在哭”。谓语用has been crying。故选A。
3. Miss Li ________ gets angry, always smiling and talking sftly t all students.
A. rarelyB. regularlyC. usuallyD. frequently
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：李老师很少发脾气，总是面带微笑，轻声与所有学生交谈。A. rarely很少；B. regularly定期地；C. usually通常；D. frequently频繁地。根据后文“always smiling and talking sftly t all students”可知，李老师很少发脾气，总是面带微笑，轻声与所有学生交谈。故选A。
4. When the firemen rushed int the building, sme trapped passengers ________ t the windws by thick smke.
A. have been pushedB. were pushing
C. have pushedD. were being pushed
【答案】D
【解析】
【详解】考查动词语态。句意：当消防队员冲进大楼时，一些被困乘客正被浓烟逼到了窗边。主语sme trapped passengers与push之间是被动关系，用被动语态；根据时间状语从句When the firemen rushed int the building可知，当消防员冲进大楼时，一些被困的乘客正被浓烟逼到窗户，用过去进行时的被动语态，谓语用were being pushed。故选D。
5. The rf will ________ under the heavy weight unless we clear the snw.
A. catch fireB. give wayC. shw resultsD. take effect
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：除非我们清理积雪，否则屋顶会在重压下坍塌。A. catch fire着火；B. give way坍塌；C. shw results呈现结果；D. take effect生效。根据“under the heavy weight(在重压下)”和“clear the snw(清理积雪)”可知，积雪的重压会让屋顶出现坍塌的情况，give way在此处表示“坍塌”，符合句意。故选B。
6. The number f birds will ________ if we cut dwn t many trees nw.
A. declineB. increaseC. varyD. grw
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：如果我们现在砍伐太多树木，鸟类的数量将会减少。A. decline减少，下降；B. increase增加；C. vary变化，变动；D. grw增长，生长。根据“if we cut dwn t many trees nw”可知，砍伐太多树木会破坏鸟类的栖息地，导致鸟类数量减少，decline符合语境。故选A。
7. Dn’t call me at 8 p. m. tnight. I ________ an nline meeting with my team members then.
A. will be havingB. have hadC. hadD. have
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】考查动词时态。句意：今晚8点不要给我打电话。那时我将正在和我的团队成员开在线会议。根据时间状语“at 8 p.m. tnight”和“then”可知，表示将来某一具体时刻正在进行的动作，应用将来进行时，故选A。
8. Feeding birds in the garden is ________: yu spend a little time, but they greet yu with sngs every mrning.
A. demandingB. rewardingC. prmisingD. shcking
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在花园里喂鸟是值得：你只需要花费一点时间，但它们每天早上都会用歌声问候你。A. demanding费力的，要求高的；B. rewarding值得的，有回报的；C. prmising有前途的，有希望的；D. shcking令人震惊的。根据“yu spend a little time, but they greet yu with sngs every mrning”可知，花费少量时间就能收获鸟儿的歌声问候，这件事是有回报、值得做的，rewarding符合语境。故选B。
9. The ld man walks in the park every evening a ________ he has kept fr 10 years.
A. scheduleB. listC. recrdD. rutine
【答案】D
【解析】
【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：这位老人每天晚上都在公园散步，这是他坚持了10年的习惯。A. schedule时间表，日程安排；B. list清单；C. recrd记录，唱片；D. rutine日常惯例。根据“kept fr 10 years”可知，此处指的是老人长期坚持的规律性活动，即日常惯例。故选D项。
10. By the time the rescue team finally reached the remte village, the villagers ________ withut fresh water fr three days.
A. wentB. have gneC. had gneD. g
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】考查时态。句意：当救援队最终到达偏远的村庄时，村民们已经三天没有淡水了。g withut“没有，缺乏”。本空在句中作谓语，“By the time the rescue team finally reached the remte village”表明“村民们没有淡水”这个动作发生在“救援队到达”这个过去的动作之前，即过去的过去，应该用过去完成时，其结构是“had+过去分词”，g的过去分词是gne。故选C。
11. If yu can’t attend the meeting, I’ll speak ________ yu and share yur ideas.
A. in favur fB. n accunt fC. in hnur fD. n behalf f
【答案】D
【解析】
【详解】考查介词短语辨析。句意：如果你不能参加会议，我将代表你发言并分享你的想法。A. in favur f支持；B. n accunt f由于；C. in hnur f为纪念；D. n behalf f代表。结合“yu and share yur ideas”可知，空格处应表达“代表”，用n behalf f。故选D。
12. After wrking hard, peple ften use music players t ______ their rest, such as by playing sft sngs t make resting mre cmfrtable.
A. guideB. saveC. facilitateD. change
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：努力工作后，人们通常会用音乐播放器来为休息提供便利，比如播放舒缓的歌曲，让休息变得更舒适。A. guide指导；B. save节约；C. facilitate使便利；D. change变化。根据“such as by playing sft sngs t make resting mre cmfrtable(比如播放舒缓的歌曲，让休息变得更舒适)”所提示的语境，可知播放舒缓歌曲让休息更舒适，是让休息这件事变得更便利，facilitate符合本句语境。故选C。
13. The museum exhibitin was cancelled because all the paintings ________ by rain befre the pening day.
A. have been damagedB. were damaged
C. had been damagedD. are damaged
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】考查动词语态。句意：博物馆的展览被取消了，因为在开幕日前所有的画作都被雨水损坏了。空格处在原因状语从句中作谓语，从句的动作damage“损坏”发生在主句动作was cancelled之前，从句的时态应为过去完成时，且主语all the paintings与动词damage之间为被动关系，用过去完成时的被动语态，即had been damaged。故选C。
14. My family mved t the new cmmunity last mnth, ________ we can nw walk t the park within five minutes.
A. whenB. whereC. whichD. that
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】考查定语从句。句意：我家上个月搬到了新社区，现在我们可以在五分钟内步行到公园。A. when当……时候；B. where在……地方；C. which哪一个；D. that那个。“________ we can nw walk t the park within five minutes”为非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词the new cmmunity，先行词在定语从句中作地点状语，用关系副词where引导。故选B。
15. ________ ec-friendly materials has becme a key trend fr mdern fashin brands t reduce envirnmental impact.
A. UsingB. T useC. UsedD. Being used
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：使用环保材料已成为现代时尚品牌减少环境影响的关键趋势。句子已有谓语动词has becme，空格处应填非谓语动词，作主语。use与逻辑主语mdern fashin brands之间是主动关系，用动名词形式Using作主语。故选A。
第二节：完形填空（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）
阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从31～50各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
I never truly understd the meaning f “peer pressure” until I jined the crss-cuntry team in my freshman year. The training was ____16____ than I had imagined. Every mrning, we were expected t ____17____ fr training befre the sun was up. Seeing all the ther runners, s fast and skilled, made me feel embarrassed and ____18____. I started t dubt my wn ability t ____19____.
One rainy mrning, I was particularly ____20____. My legs felt heavy, and I was falling far behind the rest. The thught f just stpping and ging hme felt like a better ____21____. Just then, ur cach, Mr. Evans, jgged up beside me. “Stp lking at them,” he said, his vice calm but firm. “Yu’re nt running their race. Yu need t find yur wn ____22____.”
His wrds were simple, but they struck me. I had been s fcused n ____23____ myself t thers that I had frgtten why I started running in the first place. It wasn’t t be the best n the team; it was t ____24____ my wn limits and get strnger. Frm that day n, I chse a different ____25____. I stpped fcusing n the runners ahead f me and started celebrating my wn ____26____, hwever small.
Over time, running became less f a ____27____ and mre f a jy. I didn’t becme the fastest runner, but I became the best ____28____ f myself. This lessn went far beynd the running track. In grup prjects r when studying fr exams, I learned t wrk in my wn ____29____, withut being ____30____ by what thers were achieving.
Nw, whenever I see a teammate struggling with ____31____, I share Mr. Evans’s advice. But true success cmes frm fllwing yur wn path. This experience taught me an imprtant life lessn: yur jurney is ____32____. Dn’t let the nise f thers’ pinins ____33____ yur wn inner vice. Life isn’t abut ____34____ against everyne else; it’s abut winning against wh yu were yesterday — finding jy in small steps frward, and pride in hw far yu’ve cme. And that is a jurney everyne can ____35____.
16. A. clearerB. fasterC. smtherD. tugher
17. A. turn upB. check inC. shw ffD. g ahead
18. A. ut f dateB. ut f placeC. ut f mindD. ut f wrk
19. A. hang utB. set ffC. keep upD. calm dwn
20. A. nervusB. cnfidentC. upsetD. energetic
21. A. futureB. chiceC. chanceD. deal
22. A. galB. answerC. talentD. duty
23. A. cmmittingB. revealingC. devtingD. cmparing
24. A. feelB. remveC. testD. set
25. A. rleB. attitudeC. ruleD. envirnment
26. A. stryB. jurneyC. wrthD. prgress
27. A. habitB. cmmunityC. philsphyD. struggle
28. A. versinB. frmC. typeD. luck
29. A. rderB. styleC. grupD. time
30. A. frightenedB. discuragedC. puzzledD. annyed
31. A. dubtB. mtivatinC. changeD. cncentratin
32. A. endlessB. preciusC. beautifulD. unique
33. A. hld backB. speak utC. pipe upD. tne dwn
34. A. guardingB. turningC. cmpetingD. defending
35. A. planB. cncludeC. appreciateD. pause
【答案】16. D 17. A 18. B 19. C 20. C 21. B 22. A 23. D 24. C 25. B 26. D 27. D 28. A 29. B 30. B 31. A 32. D 33. A 34. C 35. C
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章主要讲述了作者加入越野队后，在教练的鼓励下学会关注自我、突破自我并领悟人生道理的故事。
【16题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：训练比我想象的要艰难得多。A. clearer更清晰的；B. faster更快的；C. smther更平滑的；D. tugher更艰难的。根据后文“Every mrning, we were expected t ______ fr training befre the sun was up. Seeing all the ther runners, s fast and skilled, made me feel embarrassed”可知，每天早上都要在太阳升起前开始训练。且看到其他跑步者又快又熟练，作者感到尴尬，说明训练比想象的要艰难。故选D。
【17题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：每天早上，我们都要在太阳升起前到场参加训练。A. turn up出现，到场；B. check in登记；C. shw ff炫耀；D. g ahead继续。根据后文“fr training befre the sun was up”可知，到场训练要在太阳升起前。故选A。
【18题详解】
考查介词短语辨析。句意：看到所有其他跑步者都那么快、那么熟练，我感到尴尬和格格不入。A. ut f date过时的；B. ut f place格格不入，不自在；C. ut f mind心不在焉；D. ut f wrk失业。根据上文“Seeing all the ther runners, s fast and skilled, made me feel embarrassed and”可知，作者觉得自己和别人差距大，感到不自在、格格不入。故选B。
【19题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：我开始怀疑自己是否有能力跟上。A. hang ut闲逛；B. set ff出发；C. keep up跟上；D. calm dwn冷静。根据上文“I started t dubt my wn ability t”以及后文“The thught f just stpping and ging hme felt like a better”作者想要放弃，可推测作者怀疑自己是否能跟上其他跑步者。故选C。
【20题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：一个下雨的早晨，我特别沮丧。A. nervus紧张的；B. cnfident自信的；C. upset沮丧的；D. energetic精力充沛的。根据后文“My legs felt heavy, and I was falling far behind the rest.”可知，作者腿很沉，远远落在后面，所以作者很沮丧。故选C。
【21题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：停下来回家的想法感觉是个更好的选择。A. future未来；B. chice选择；C. chance机会；D. deal交易。根据上文“The thught f just stpping and ging hme felt like a better”可知，作者很沮丧，觉得停下来回家的想法感觉是个更好的选择。故选B。
【22题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：你需要找到你自己的目标。A. gal目标；B. answer答案；C. talent才能；D. duty责任。根据后文“It wasn’t t be the best n the team; it was t ______ my wn limits and get strnger.”可知，此处指找到自己的目标，不是成为团队中最好的，而是测试自己的极限，变得更强。故选A。
【23题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我一直太专注于将自己与他人进行比较，以至于忘记了最初为什么开始跑步。A. cmmitting承诺；B. revealing揭示；C. devting致力于；D. cmparing比较。根据前文“Seeing all the ther runners, s fast and skilled, made me feel embarrassed”和后文“myself t thers”、“I stpped fcusing n the runners ahead f me”可知，此处指将自己与他人进行比较。故选D。
【24题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：它不是为了成为团队中最好的；而是为了测试自己的极限，变得更强。A. feel感觉；B. remve去除；C. test测试；D. set设置。根据后文“my wn limits and get strnger”可知，跑步是为了测试自己的极限，变得更强。故选C。
【25题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：从那天起，我选择了不同的态度。A. rle角色；B. attitude态度；C. rule规则；D. envirnment环境。根据后文“I stpped fcusing n the runners ahead f me and started celebrating my wn”可知，作者不再关注前面的跑步者，即选择了不同的态度。故选B。
【26题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我不再关注前面的跑步者，而是开始庆祝自己的进步，无论多么微小。A. stry故事；B. jurney旅行；C. wrth价值；D. prgress进步。根据前文“I stpped fcusing n the runners ahead f me and started celebrating my wn”和后文“hwever small”可知，此处指作者庆祝自己的进步，无论多么微小。故选D。
【27题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：随着时间的推移，跑步不再是一种挣扎，而是一种快乐。A. habit习惯；B. cmmunity社区；C. philsphy哲学；D. struggle挣扎。根据前文“running became less f a”和后文“and mre f a jy”可知，跑步从一种挣扎变成了一种快乐。故选D。
【28题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我没有成为最快的跑步者，但我成为了最好的自己。A. versin版本；B. frm形式；C. type类型；D. luck运气。根据后文“f myself”可知，此处指成为最好的自己，即自己的最佳版本。故选A。
【29题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：在小组项目或备考时，我学会了以自己的方式做事，而不被别人的成就所气馁。A. rder命令；B. style方式；C. grup团体；D. time时间。根据前文“I learned t wrk in my wn”和后文“withut being ______ by what thers were achieving”可知，作者学会了不被别人的成就所气馁，此处指以自己的方式做事。故选B。
【30题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：在小组项目或备考时，我学会了以自己的方式做事，而不被别人的成就所气馁。A. frightened使害怕；B. discuraged使气馁；C. puzzled使困惑；D. annyed惹恼。根据前文“Seeing all the ther runners, s fast and skilled, made me feel embarrassed”和后文“by what thers were achieving”可知，此处与前文形成对比，指不被别人的成就所气馁。故选B。
【31题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：现在，每当我看到队友在怀疑中挣扎时，我都会分享埃文斯先生的建议。A. dubt怀疑；B. mtivatin动机；C. change改变；D. cncentratin集中。呼应上文“I started t dubt my wn ability”指作者看到队友在怀疑中挣扎。故选A。
【32题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：但真正的成功来自于走自己的路。这段经历给了我重要的人生教训：你的旅程是独一无二的。A. endless无尽的；B. precius宝贵的；C. beautiful美丽的；D. unique独特的，独一无二的。根据后文“Dn’t let the nise f thers’ pinins”可知，不要让别人的意见影响自己，说明每个人的旅程都是独一无二的。故选D。
【33题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：不要让别人的意见阻碍你内心的声音。A. hld back阻碍；B. speak ut大声说出；C. pipe up突然插话；D. tne dwn缓和。根据前文“Dn’t let the nise f thers’ pinins”和后文“yur wn inner vice”可知，此处指不要被外界意见压制内心想法，不要让别人的意见阻碍自己内心的声音。故选A。
【34题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：生活不是与每个人竞争；而是要战胜昨天的你——在前进的小步伐中找到快乐，在已经走了多远中找到骄傲。A. guarding守卫；B. turning转弯；C. cmpeting竞争；D. defending防御。根据后文“against everyne else; it’s abut winning against wh yu were yesterday”可知，生活是在前进的小步伐中找到快乐，在已经走了多远中找到骄傲，所以生活不是与每个人竞争。故选C。
【35题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：这是一段每个人都能欣赏的旅程。A. plan计划；B. cnclude总结；C. appreciate欣赏；D. pause暂停。根据上文“finding jy in small steps frward, and pride in hw far yu’ve cme”可知，在前进的小步伐中找到快乐，在已经走了多远中找到骄傲，说明这是一段每个人都能欣赏的旅程。故选C。
第三部分：阅读理解（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳答案，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
A
A Guide t the British Museum
Planning a visit t the British Museum in Lndn? This guide will prvide yu with essential infrmatin t make the mst f yur trip.
Opening Hurs
The Museum is pen daily frm 10:00 t 17:00.
On Fridays, the Museum extends its hurs and stays pen until 20:30.
The Museum is clsed n 1 January and 24 — 26 December.
Admissin
General admissin t the Museum’s permanent cllectin is free fr all visitrs. This ensures everyne can explre wrld cultures and histry.
Sme special exhibitins and events require a paid ticket. It is highly recmmended t bk these tickets nline in advance t guarantee entry.
Highlights & Planning
The Museum’s cllectin is vast, cvering ver tw millin years f histry. It is impssible t see everything in ne visit.
We recmmend planning yur rute befrehand. Yu can dwnlad a map frm the fficial website r pick ne up at the infrmatin desk upn arrival.
Key highlights include the Rsetta Stne, the Parthenn sculptures, and the Egyptian mummies. We advise allcating at least three hurs fr yur visit.
Facilities
Free Wi-Fi is available thrughut the Museum.
Several cafes and a restaurant are lcated inside, ffering a range f dining ptins.
Limited wheelchairs can be brrwed free f charge frm the main entrance, subject t availability.
We hpe these facilities and tips help yu enjy a wnderful and educatinal day at the British Museum.
36. Accrding t the guide, when can visitrs stay at the British Museum until 8:30 p.m.?
A. On weekdaysB. On Fridays.
C. During special exhibitins.D. On public hlidays.
37. Which is true abut the admissin t the British Museum?
A. All visitrs need t pay an entrance fee.
B. Tickets must be bked nline fr special exhibitins.
C. N charge is needed t view the permanent cllectin.
D. The Museum is free nly fr students and senirs.
38. What des the guide suggest visitrs d befre their trip?
A. Decide which bjects t see first.B. Apply fr free wheelchair access.
C. Learn abut the histry f the Rsetta Stne.D. Make a reservatin fr the restaurant.
39. In Facilities sectin “subject t availability” means wheelchairs are prvided ________.
A. at any timeB. if availableC. fr a feeD. t all visitrs
40. What is the main purpse f this passage?
A. T cmpare the British Museum with ther museums.
B. T advertise special exhibitins at the British Museum.
C. T prvide practical infrmatin fr ptential visitrs.
D. T describe the histry f the British Museum’s cllectin.
【答案】36. B 37. C 38. A 39. B 40. C
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇应用文。这篇指南介绍了大英博物馆的开放时间、免费入场政策、参观建议与馆内设施，帮助游客更好地规划行程、充分参观。
【36题详解】
细节理解题。根据Opening Hurs部分“On Fridays, the Museum extends its hurs and stays pen until 20:30.(每逢周五，该博物馆会延长开放时间，一直营业到晚上8点30分)”可知，游客在周五可以在大英博物馆停留到晚上8点30分。故选B。
【37题详解】
细节理解题。根据Admissin部分“General admissin t the Museum’s permanent cllectin is free fr all visitrs.(博物馆永久藏品的参观对所有游客都是免费的)”可知，C选项“观看永久藏品是免费的”正确。故选C。
【38题详解】
细节理解题。根据Highlights & Planning部分“The Museum’s cllectin is vast, cvering ver tw millin years f histry. It is impssible t see everything in ne visit. We recmmend planning yur rute befrehand. (该博物馆的藏品丰富多样，涵盖了超过两百万年的历史。一次参观不可能将所有展品都看遍。我们建议您事先规划好参观路线)”可知，导游建议游客在出行前决定先参观哪些展品。故选A。
【39题详解】
细节理解题。根据Facilities部分“Limited wheelchairs can be brrwed free f charge frm the main entrance, subject t availability.(数量有限轮椅可从正门免费借用，但需视实际情况而定)”可知，在“设施”部分中，“视情况而定”这一表述意味着如果有轮椅可用的话，就会提供给客人使用。故选B。
【40题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段“This guide will prvide yu with essential infrmatin t make the mst f yur trip.(本指南将为您提供必要的信息，助您充分利用此次旅行)”结合这篇指南介绍了大英博物馆的开放时间、免费入场政策、参观建议与馆内设施，帮助游客更好地规划行程、充分参观。可知，这篇文章的主要目的是为潜在游客提供实用的信息。故选C。
B
Brn in 1949, Diana Nyad develped an early interest in swimming and became a Flrida State High Schl swimming champin. Like many yung athletes, she dreamed f cmpeting in the Olympics, but a serius illness ruined her chance t qualify fr the Games. Hwever, the disappintment did nt stp her frm mving frward. Instead, she turned her fcus t marathn swimming. A naturally gifted athlete, Nyad was physically well-cnditined t endure lng perids in the water. As a lng-distance swimmer, she wuld cmpete nt nly against herself but als against bstacles such as distance, danger, cld, and exhaustin.
Over the next ten years, Nyad dedicated herself t becming ne f the wrld’s tp lng-distance swimmers. In 1970, she swam a ten-mile marathn in Lake Ontari, setting the wmen’s recrd fr that curse. In 1972, she brke anther recrd by swimming 102.5 miles frm a Bahamian island t the Flrida cast. Then, in 1975, she brke a third recrd when she swam arund Manhattan Island.
Nyad attempted t swim the distance between Flrida and Cuba in 1978. Thugh the stretch f water is less than 100 miles wide, it is rugh and dangerus. After battling the water fr tw days, she was frced t abandn the attempt t prtect her health and safety. Even s, she impressed the wrld with her curage and strng desire t succeed. Fr Nyad, the strength f her purpse mattered as much as reaching Cuba itself. “That was hw she defined success,” she later reflected: “It didn’t matter that my swim fell shrt — I believed I had already tuched the ther shre.”
T her, success was never just abut crssing a finish line — it was abut refusing t back dwn frm a dream. When Nyad eventually retired frm swimming, she cntinued t take n new challenges: traveling the wrld as a reprter, writing bks, and delivering public speeches abut her life jurney. Tday, Diana Nyad still wrks t inspire thers, just as she did when she swam the wrld’s mst daunting waters.
41. What is the key reasn that Nyad turned t marathn swimming?
A. She failed t qualify fr the Olympic Games.
B. She wanted t find a less cmpetitive sprt than pl swimming.
C. She fund she had a natural talent fr spending lng perids in water.
D. A health prblem prevented her frm achieving her riginal dream.
42. Hw is the infrmatin in the secnd paragraph rganized?
A. By listing events in the rder they happened.
B. By describing Nyad’s feelings during each swim.
C. By explaining why Nyad brke swimming recrds.
D. By cmparing Nyad’s swimming speed with thers.
43. What des the underlined phrase “fell shrt” prbably mean in Paragraph 3?
A. Ended in failure.B. Was stpped by dangers.
C. Was shrter than planned.D. Tk less time than expected.
44. What did Nyad d after she finished her swimming career?
A. She trained yung swimmers t achieve their Olympic dreams.
B. She reprted n glbal events as a traveling jurnalist.
C. She shared her life stries thrugh writing and speaking.
D. She advcated fr safer cnditins in lng-distance swimming.
45 What is the main purpse f the passage?
A. T explain the challenges f marathn swimming.
B. T describe the histry f lng-distance swimming recrds.
C. T tell the life stry f an inspiring and determined athlete.
D. T cmpare Nyad’s swimming career with her later jbs.
【答案】41. D 42. A 43. A 44. C 45. C
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了美国长距离游泳运动员Diana Nyad的人生故事，她因健康问题无缘奥运会后转向马拉松游泳，多次打破纪录，并在退役后继续通过写作和演讲激励他人，展现了她坚韧不拔的精神。
【41题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第一段“Like many yung athletes, she dreamed f cmpeting in the Olympics, but a serius illness ruined her chance t qualify fr the Games. Hwever, the disappintment did nt stp her frm mving frward. Instead, she turned her fcus t marathn swimming. (像许多年轻的运动员一样，她梦想参加奥运会，但一场重病毁掉了她获得奥运会参赛资格的机会。然而，这次失望并没有阻止她继续前进。相反，她把注意力转向了马拉松游泳。)”可知，Nyad转向马拉松游泳的关键原因是健康问题阻碍了她实现最初的奥运梦想，故选D。
【42题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段“Over the next ten years, Nyad dedicated herself t becming ne f the wrld’s tp lng-distance swimmers. In 1970, she swam a ten-mile marathn in Lake Ontari, setting the wmen’s recrd fr that curse. In 1972, she brke anther recrd by swimming 102.5 miles frm a Bahamian island t the Flrida cast. Then, in 1975, she brke a third recrd when she swam arund Manhattan Island. (在接下来的十年里，尼亚德致力于成为世界顶尖的长距离游泳运动员之一。1970年，她在安大略湖游了一场十英里的马拉松比赛，创下了该赛程的女子纪录。1972年，她从巴哈马群岛的一个岛屿游到佛罗里达海岸，全程102.5英里，打破了另一项纪录。接着在1975年，她游完了曼哈顿岛一圈，又打破了第三项纪录。)”可知，第二段的信息是按照时间顺序（1970年、1972年、1975年）列举了Nyad打破纪录的事件，故选A。
【43题详解】
词句猜测题。根据文章第三段“After battling the water fr tw days, she was frced t abandn the attempt t prtect her health and safety. (在与海水搏斗了两天后，为了保护自己的健康和安全，她被迫放弃了这次尝试。)”以及划线部分后Nyad的感悟“I believed I had already tuched the ther shre. (我相信我已经触及了彼岸。)”可推知，她的这次游泳尝试并未成功到达终点，是以失败告终，故“fell shrt”意为“以失败告终”，故选A。
【44题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章最后一段“When Nyad eventually retired frm swimming, she cntinued t take n new challenges: traveling the wrld as a reprter, writing bks, and delivering public speeches abut her life jurney. (当Nyad最终从游泳界退役后，她继续接受新的挑战：作为记者环游世界、写书、以及发表关于她人生旅程的公开演讲。)”可知，她退役后通过写作和演讲分享了自己的人生故事，故选C。
【45题详解】
推理判断题。通读全文，文章第一段讲述了Nyad因健康问题无缘奥运后转向马拉松游泳；第二段讲述她多次打破纪录；第三段讲述她一次失败尝试后对成功的重新定义；最后一段讲述她退役后继续激励他人。全文围绕Nyad的人生经历展开，展现了她作为一位鼓舞人心且意志坚定的运动员的形象，故选C。
C
Tday, the number f Asian elephants seems t be ging up in sme places. By 2021, the elephant ppulatin in Sri Lanka was back t nearly 6,000. But there’s a bigger prblem: the human ppulatin has grwn even faster. Sri Lanka is abut 25,000 square miles, but it has almst 22 millin peple. That means elephants in Sri Lanka dn’t have much space t mve arund. The land they used t live n has been turned int twns and farms. S humans and elephants are fighting mre and mre. When elephants find farmers’ crps, the farmers ften lse a lt f mney. Smetimes, these fights even get dangerus.
It all cmes dwn t this riddle: Hw can an enrmus animal keep living well n a cntinent where space is nly getting mre limited? The answer might lie in understanding the elephants themselves, nt just as a species but as individuals.
Since January 2019, Sateesh Venkatesh, a graduate student wh is researching elephants, and his team have been giving the PVC-pipe test t elephants t bserve their prblem-slving styles. In the test, apples had been placed inside the pipes, and the elephants’ task was t get the apples ut. D elephants that apprached the pipe hesitantly als stay farther frm farmers’ fields? D the nes wh tre at the pipe frcefully als brave the firecrackers (鞭炮) and flashing lights the farmers set ff t scare them away at night?
If elephants wh are risk-takers can be identified, maybe the scientists will be able t figure ut hw t better keep them ut f farms and thus reduce cnflict with peple. Besides, learning all the different methds elephants emply t take dwn an electric fence wuld prbably be helpful fr designing better fences.
“It’s all very idealistic at this pint, I have t admit,” says Venkatesh. “But it’s a fresh apprach. When a child, fr example, is tld they can’t have the ckies, he still wants a ckie. But we dn’t put up an electric fence in the kitchen t prevent ur children. We cme up with nn-harmful, psitive ways t keep them away frm the ckies. I think we can d the same fr elephants.”
46. Why are humans and elephants fighting mre in Sri Lanka?
A. Asian elephants eat crps and destry farms.
B. Human ppulatin grws faster leaving elephants less space.
C. Elephants ften fight with humans ver living areas.
D. Sri Lanka’s climate changes making elephants mve areas.
47. What is the purpse f the PVC-pipe test cnducted by Sateesh Venkatesh’s team?
A. T check hw fast elephants find apples.
B. T test if pipes blck elephants.
C. T cmpare elephants’ eating habits.
D. T learn hw elephants slve prblems.
48. What can help reduce cnflict between humans and elephants accrding t the passage?
A. Drive risk-taking elephants away frm farms.
B. Identify risk-takers and design better fences.
C. Teach elephants t avid electric fences.
D. Stp using electric fences arund farms.
49. What des Venkatesh mean by cmparing elephants t children?
A. Guide elephants gently with safe methds, like kids.
B. Elephants need t learn rules, just like kids.
C. Electric fences dn’t wrk fr kids r elephants.
D. Bth need strict cntrl t stp bad behavir.
50. Which f the fllwing is the best title fr the passage?
A. Farms vs. Elephant Attacks in Sri Lanka Tday
B. Mre Elephants Nw Living in Sri Lanka Area
C. Elephants’ Prblem-Slving Skills in Pipe Tests
D. Reduce Human-Elephant Fights: Study Persnalities
【答案】46. B 47. D 48. B 49. A 50. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了斯里兰卡人象冲突加剧的背景，以及科学家通过研究大象的个体性格与问题解决方式，探索减少人象冲突的新方法。
【46题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段“But there’s a bigger prblem: the human ppulatin has grwn even faster. Sri Lanka is abut 25,000 square miles, but it has almst 22 millin peple. That means elephants in Sri Lanka dn’t have much space t mve arund. The land they used t live n has been turned int twns and farms. S humans and elephants are fighting mre and mre.(但有一个更大的问题：人类人口增长得更快。斯里兰卡面积约2.5万平方英里，却有近2200万人口。这意味着斯里兰卡的大象没有太多活动空间。它们曾经生活的土地已经变成了城镇和农场。因此，人类和大象之间的冲突越来越多。)”可知，人类人口增长更快，导致大象的生存空间减少，所以斯里兰卡的人象冲突加剧。故选B。
【47题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段“Since January 2019, Sateesh Venkatesh, a graduate student wh is researching elephants, and his team have been giving the PVC-pipe test t elephants t bserve their prblem-slving styles.(自2019年1月以来，研究大象的研究生Sateesh Venkatesh和他的团队一直在对大象进行PVC管测试，以观察它们解决问题的方式。)”可知，Sateesh Venkatesh团队进行PVC管测试的目的是了解大象如何解决问题。故选D。
【48题详解】
细节理解题。根据第四段“If elephants wh are risk-takers can be identified, maybe the scientists will be able t figure ut hw t better keep them ut f farms and thus reduce cnflict with peple. Besides, learning all the different methds elephants emply t take dwn an electric fence wuld prbably be helpful fr designing better fences.(如果能识别出具有冒险精神大象，也许科学家们就能想出更好的办法让它们远离农场，从而减少与人的冲突。此外，了解大象用来推倒电围栏的各种不同方法，可能有助于设计更好的围栏。)”可知，识别具有冒险精神的大象并设计更好的围栏有助于减少人象冲突。故选B。
【49题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段“When a child, fr example, is tld they can’t have the ckies, he still wants a ckie. But we dn’t put up an electric fence in the kitchen t prevent ur children. We cme up with nn-harmful, psitive ways t keep them away frm the ckies. I think we can d the same fr elephants.(例如，当一个孩子被告知不能吃饼干时，他仍然想要。但我们不会在厨房设置电围栏来阻止孩子。我们会想出无害、积极的方法让他们远离饼干。我认为我们也可以对大象做同样的事。)”可知，Venkatesh将大象比作孩子，是想表达应该用安全、温和的方法引导大象，就像对待孩子一样。故选A。
【50题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第二段“It all cmes dwn t this riddle: Hw can an enrmus animal keep living well n a cntinent where space is nly getting mre limited? The answer might lie in understanding the elephants themselves, nt just as a species but as individuals.(这一切都归结为一个谜题：在一个空间越来越有限的大陆上，这种巨大的动物如何才能继续好好生活？答案可能在于理解大象本身，不仅是作为一个物种，而是作为个体。)”以及下文科学家通过研究大象个体性格来减少人象冲突的内容可知，文章核心是通过研究大象的个体性格来减少人象冲突。因此，D选项“Reduce Human-Elephant Fights: Study Persnalities(减少人象冲突：研究性格)”最适合作为文章标题。故选D。
第Ⅱ卷
第四部分：写作（共两节；满分30分）
第一节：阅读表达（共5小题，每小题2分，满分10分）
阅读下列短文并回答问题。
Sphia had always been the best art student in her class. Her paintings were clrful and full f energy, and her teacher ften praised her skill. S when the schl annunced an art cmpetitin with the theme “Cnnectin,” everyne expected Sphia t win. Hwever, fr the first time, Sphia fund herself staring at a blank sheet f paper, unsure f where t start.
Sphia fund the wrd “cnnectin” vague and difficult t explain. She tried drawing different ideas — a family hlding hands, a busy marketplace — but nne f them seemed t capture the deeper meaning she felt the theme required. “Is it just abut peple being tgether?” she wndered. “Or smething mre invisible, like feelings r memries?” Her classmates eagerly talked abut their ideas, shwing their early drawings and laughing as they wrked. Sphia, hwever, felt stuck, and the pressure t meet everyne’s expectatins nly made things wrse.
One afternn, Sphia decided t take a walk in the park t relax. As she wandered, she nticed a yung by trying t fly a kite. The kite shk in the air befre falling t the grund. The by sighed but didn’t give up. He carefully adjusted the string, ran faster, and tried again. His face shwed hw determined he was as he fcused n the kite. Finally, the kite rse high int the sky, and the by’s face lit up with happiness. Watching him, Sphia stpped in her tracks. She suddenly felt inspired, as if the by’s patience and determinatin had unlcked her wn creativity.
She rushed hme and began painting, shwing the by’s hard wrk, the kite’s bright clrs, and the invisible cnnectin between them. Her brush mved quickly, and her style was simple and direct, unlike her usual detailed wrk.
On the day f the cmpetitin, Sphia shwed her painting. Sme classmates whispered that it wasn’t her best wrk. Sphia felt unsure but std by her piece. Thugh she didn’t win first place, she received a special award fr “Mst Creative Artwrk.” As Sphia packed up her painting, she realized art wasn’t abut being perfect — it was abut shwing what truly mattered.
51. What made Sphia stand ut as an art student? (n mre than 10 wrds)
_______________________________________________________________________________________________
52. What des the underlined wrd “vague” mean in Paragraph 2? (n mre than 3 wrds)
_______________________________________________________________________________________________
53. What did Sphia see in the park that helped her with her painting? (n mre than 15 wrds)
_______________________________________________________________________________________________
54. What did Sphia learn abut art at the end? (n mre than 10 wrds)
_______________________________________________________________________________________________
55. D yu think Sphia’s painting deserved the special award? Why r why nt? (n mre than 20 wrds)
_______________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】51. Her clrful, energetic paintings and praised skill.
52. Unclear. /Indistinct. /Cnfusing. /Hard t explain. /Nt clearly defined. /Hard t understand. /Hard t explain.
53. A by trying many times t fly a kite until he did it.
54. Art was abut shwing what matters, nt being perfect.
55. Yes, it deserved the award fr its creativity and unique “Cnnectin” expressin.
Or: N, it might nt deserve it as it lacked her usual detailed skill.
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了Sphia在艺术比赛中从困惑到获得灵感，最终创作出展现真正重要事物的作品并赢得特别奖的故事。
【51题详解】
考查细节理解。由文章第一段中“Her paintings were clrful and full f energy, and her teacher ften praised her skill. (她的画色彩丰富，充满活力，老师经常表扬她的技巧。)”可知，Sphia色彩丰富、充满活力的画作和备受赞誉的技巧使她作为一名艺术生脱颖而出。故答案为：Her clrful, energetic paintings and praised skill.
【52题详解】
考查词句猜测。由文章第二段中“Sphia fund the wrd “cnnectin” vague and difficult t explain. She tried drawing different ideas — a family hlding hands, a busy marketplace — but nne f them seemed t capture the deeper meaning she felt the theme required. (Sphia发现“cnnectin”这个词很vague，很难解释。)”可知，Sphia觉得cnnectin这个词很难解释，故推测vague表示“不清楚的，模糊的”。故答案为：Unclear. /Indistinct. /Cnfusing. /Hard t explain. /Nt clearly defined. /Hard t understand. /Hard t explain.
【53题详解】
考查细节理解。由文章第三段中“One afternn, Sphia decided t take a walk in the park t relax. As she wandered, she nticed a yung by trying t fly a kite. (一天下午，Sphia决定去公园散步放松一下。当她四处游荡时，她注意到一个小男孩正在放风筝。)”和第四段中“She rushed hme and began painting, shwing the by’s hard wrk, the kite’s bright clrs, and the invisible cnnectin between them. (她冲回家开始画画，画的是男孩的努力，风筝鲜艳的颜色，以及他们之间无形的联系。)”可知，Sphia在公园里看到一个小男孩多次尝试放风筝，直到成功，这帮助她完成了画作。故答案为：A by trying many times t fly a kite until he did it.
【54题详解】
考查细节理解。由文章最后一段中“As Sphia packed up her painting, she realized art wasn’t abut being perfect — it was abut shwing what truly mattered. (当Sphia收拾她的画时，她意识到艺术不是关于完美，而是关于展示真正重要的东西。)”可知，Sphia最后明白了艺术是关于展示真正重要的东西，而不是完美。故答案为：Art was abut shwing what matters, nt being perfect.
【55题详解】
开放性题目，此题要求回答会：你认为Sphia的画配得上这个特别奖吗？为什么或为什么不呢？（不超过20字）答案不唯一，合理即可。例如：是的，它因其创造力和独特的“连接”表达而当之无愧。或者：不，这可能不值得，因为它缺乏她通常的细节技巧。参考答案为：Yes, it deserved the award fr its creativity and unique “Cnnectin” expressin. Or: N, it might nt deserve it as it lacked her usual detailed skill.
第二节：书面表达（满分20分）
56. 假定你是李津，你校的交换生朋友Bb要在寒假期间回国，打算为他父母准备一张唱片作为礼物，特来向你咨询。请你给他回复一封邮件。内容包括：
（1）推荐的唱片及简介；
（2）推荐理由；
（3）表达祝福。
注意：
（1）词数不少于100；
（2）可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
Dear Bb,
I’m glad t hear yu’re returning hme fr the winter hliday and want t pick a Chinese music recrd fr yur parents.
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Li Jin
【答案】One pssible versin:
Dear Bb,
I’m glad t hear yu’re returning hme fr the winter hliday and want t pick a Chinese music recrd fr yur parents. I highly recmmend The Butterfly Lvers Vilin Cncert — a perfect gift representing Chinese culture.
As ne f China’s mst belved classics, it tells a tuching ancient lve stry thrugh music. What makes it special is its blend f Western vilin with traditinal Chinese musical styles, creating a sund that’s bth beautiful and uniquely Chinese. Even if yur parents dn’t knw much abut Chinese music, the music is s expressive and heartfelt that it’s easy t cnnect with. Many peple call it “the Chinese Rme and Juliet,” which might help them understand the stry behind it!
I believe they’ll lve it, as it’s nt just music but a piece f Chinese culture. The album cver ften features traditinal butterfly paintings, adding visual charm t.
Hpe this helps! Wish yu a wnderful hliday with yur family.
Li Jin
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生给交换生朋友Bb回复一封邮件，推荐适合作为礼物送给其父母的唱片，并说明推荐理由及表达祝福。
【详解】1.词汇积累
经典作品：classic → masterpiece
特别的：special → particular
理解：understand → cmprehend
帮助：help → assist
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：I highly recmmend The Butterfly Lvers Vilin Cncert — a perfect gift representing Chinese culture.
拓展句：I highly recmmend The Butterfly Lvers Vilin Cncert, which is a perfect gift representing Chinese culture.
【高分句型1】What makes it special is its blend f Western vilin with traditinal Chinese musical styles, creating a sund that’s bth beautiful and uniquely Chinese.（运用了What引导的主语从句、that引导的限制性定语从句）
【高分句型2】Many peple call it “the Chinese Rme and Juliet,” which might help them understand the stry behind it!（运用了which引导的非限制性定语从句）