寒假讲义02 被动语态（巩固培优）-2026年九年级英语（全国通用）（含答案）

这是一份寒假讲义02 被动语态（巩固培优）-2026年九年级英语（全国通用）（含答案），文件包含寒假作业02被动语态巩固培优原卷版docx、寒假作业02被动语态巩固培优解析版docx等2份试卷配套教学资源，其中试卷共26页， 欢迎下载使用。
寒假作业02 被动语态
语态概述
语态是动词的一种形式，表示句子主与谓语的关系。当谓语动词表示一个动作时，它和主语有两种不同的关系：主语态（The Active Vice）和被动语态The Passive Vice)。
主动语态表示主语是谓语动作的执者；被动语态则表示主语是谓语动作的承受者。
Eg:
Many peple speak English. 许多人讲英语。 (2)English is spken by many peple . 英语被许多人讲。
常考的被动语态构成
【注意】在被动语态中，谓语动词必须是及物动 词。基本结构是“be+及物动词的过去分词”, 时态的变化由be 动词的变化体现出来。
被动语态的用法
主动语态变成被动语态的特殊情况
【即时检测】
1.Whenever yu ________, pay n attentin t it. Believe in yurself. Yu are the best and nly.
A．laugh atB．be laughed atC．being laughedD．are laughed at
【答案】D
【详解】句意：无论何时你被嘲笑，都不要在意。相信自己。你是最好的，也是唯一的。
考查被动语态。根据“Whenever n attentin t it”可知此处表示“被嘲笑”，结构为be dne，时态为一般现在时，主语是yu，动词用are。故选D。
2.The telephne ________ in 1876.
A．inventedB．is inventedC．was inventedD．were invented
—It’s t difficult t get t the ther side f the river.
—I think a bridge ________ ver the river.
A．shuld be builtB．shuld buildC．will buildD．was built
【答案】A
【详解】句意：——要到河的对岸太难了。——我认为应该在这条河上建一座桥。
考查被动语态。主语是“bridge”，与动词“build”之间存在被动关系，联系语境，表示应该被建立，因此运用情态动词shuld的被动语态，其结构为“shuld be dne”。故选A。
3.During the Tang Dynasty (唐朝), nearly everything prduced in the wrld ________ n the streets f Chang’an.
A．can findB．culd findC．can be fundD．culd be fund
【答案】D
【详解】句意：在唐朝，几乎世界上生产的所有东西都可以在长安的街道上找到。
考查动词时态和语态。根据时间状语“During the Tang Dynasty (唐朝)”可知，应用一般过去时；“nearly everything prduced in the wrld”和“find”之间是被动关系，因此应用含有情态动词的被动语态culd be dne。故选D。
三层必刷：巩固提升+能力培优+创新题型
一、单项选择（每题1分，共20分）
1．The shared bike system __________ by a yung cmpany last year.
A．is develpedB．was develpedC．develpedD．develps
【答案】B
【详解】句意：共享单车系统是去年由一家年轻的公司开发的。
考查被动语态。is develped被开发，一般现在时的被动；was develped被开发，一般过去时的被动；develped(被)开发，过去式/过去分词；develps开发，一般现在时。主语“The shared bike system”和谓语动词develp之间是被动关系，应使用被动语态be develped；再根据“last year”可知，应使用一般过去时，且主语为单数可数名词，结合题目空处应填was develped。故选B。
2．The scientist __________ t explain the inventin at the fair yesterday.
A．invitesB．invitedC．is invitedD．was invited
【答案】D
【详解】句意：这位科学家昨天在展览会上被邀请去解释这个发明。
考查时态和被动语态。根据时间状语“yesterday”可知动作发生在过去，且主语“the scientist”是“邀请”动作的承受者，需用一般过去时的被动语态，D选项符合，故选D。
3．The river smells terrible. Peple must ________ dirty things int it.
A．be stpped t thrwB．be stpped frm thrwingC．stp frm thrwing
【答案】B
【详解】句意：这条河闻起来很臭。人们必须被阻止扔脏东西进去。
考查被动语态和动词固定搭配。根据“The river smells terrible.”可知，河很臭，由此可推断出此句要表达“必须阻止人们往河里扔东西”，stp sb. frm ding sth.表示“阻止某人做某事”，主语是peple，must为情态动词，故应用被动语态be stpped frm ding sth.。故选B。
4．Every child shuld t share the husewrk with their family members frm a yung age.
A．educateB．educatingC．be educatedD．t educate
【答案】C
【详解】句意：每个孩子都应该从小被教育与家人分担家务。
考查情态动词的被动语态。educate教育，动词原形；educating教育，动名词形式；be educated被教育，被动语态；t educate教育，动词不定式。句中“shuld”为情态动词，后需接动词原形；但根据句意，主语“every child”是动作的接受者，是被教育，而非执行者，因此需用被动语态形式“shuld be +过去分词”。故选C。
5．（25-26九年级上·黑龙江哈尔滨·月考）—Will yu cme t Lucy’s birthday party?
—I wn’t cme unless I ________.
A．am invitedB．was invitedC．will invite
【答案】A
【详解】句意：——你会来参加露西的生日聚会吗？——除非我被邀请，否则我不会来。
考查条件状语从句的时态和语态。根据句子结构可知，这是一个unless引导的条件状语从句，遵循“主将从现”的原则。从句中主语“I”与动词“invite”之间是被动关系，表示“我被邀请”，所以要用一般现在时的被动语态，其结构为“am/is/are+过去分词”。故选A。
6．（25-26九年级上·上海浦东新·期中）The freign guests ________ arund ur city by ur schl bus this afternn.
A．will shwB．will be shwnC．are shwnD．are ging t shw.
【答案】B
【详解】句意：今天下午，外宾将乘坐我们的校车被带领参观我们的城市。
考查一般将来时的被动语态。根据“this afternn”可知动作还未进行，所以用一般将来时；shw sb. arund表示“带某人参观” ，主语“The freign guests”与动词“shw”之间存在被动关系，应使用被动语态。故选B。
7．The ld huse ________ in 1920 and it still lks nice nw.
A．builtB．was builtC．is builtD．builds
【答案】B
【详解】句意：这座老房子建于1920年，现在看起来仍然很好。
考查被动语态和时态。built建造，过去分词/过去式；was built被建造，被动语态一般过去时；is built被建造，被动语态一般现在时；builds建造，第三人称单数。主语“房子”不能执行建造动作，应用被动语态，且时间为“in 1920”。故选B。
8．（25-26九年级上·安徽合肥·期中）—Quite a lt f endangered animals ________ in natural parks every year.
—That’s great! Animals are ur friends.
A．prtectB．were prtectedC．are prtectedD．prtected
【答案】C
【详解】句意：——每年有相当多的濒危动物在自然公园里被保护。——那太好了！动物是我们的朋友。
考查一般现在时的被动语态。句子主语“endangered animals”是动作的承受者，需用被动语态；结合时间状语“every year”，句子时态为一般现在时，故用一般现在时的被动语态，其结构为：is/am/are+过去分词；主语为复数，be动词用are，动词prtect的过去分词为prtected，即are prtected。故选C。
9．If the picture ________ near the windw, it will make the rm mre beautiful.
A．is stickingB．has stuckC．is stuck
【答案】C
【详解】句意：如果这幅画被贴在窗户附近，它会让房间更漂亮。
考查动词时态和语态。根据“If the the windw, it will make the rm mre beautiful.”可知，此处表示画被贴在窗户附近，用被动语态；if引导的条件状语从句，遵循“主将从现”原则，从句用一般现在时的被动语态，结构为“am/is/are+动词的过去分词”，主语“the picture”是单数，be动词用is，stick的过去分词是stuck，所以此处用is stuck。故选C。
10．（25-26九年级上·吉林长春·月考）In my pinin, teenagers shuld ________ chse their wn clthes.
A．allwB．be allw tC．be allwed tD．be allwed
【答案】C
【详解】句意：在我看来，青少年应该被允许选择他们自己的衣服。
考查被动语态。根据句子结构可知，“teenagers”和“chse their wn clthes”之间是被动关系，即青少年被允许选择自己的衣服，所以应该用被动语态，其结构为“be+动词的过去分词”。“allw”的过去分词是“allwed”，“被允许做某事”的表达是“be allwed t d sth.”。所以此处应填“be allwed t”。故选C。
11．The ld huse ______ in 1920. It ______ by many peple every year.
A．was built; visitsB．built; is visitedC．was built; is visitedD．built; visits
【答案】C
【详解】句意：这所老房子在1920年被建造。它每年被许多人参观。
考查被动语态。根据“in 1920”可知，第一句需用一般过去时，房子被建造，主语和谓语动词build之间为动宾关系huse，所以第一空用一般过去时的被动语态“was built”；根据“every year”可知，第二句需用一般现在时，且房子被参观，为被动语态，所以第二空用一般现在时的被动语态“is visited”。故选C。
12．—______ the meeting ______ by Mr. Li tmrrw?
—Yes. He als wants us ______ sme ntes during the meeting.
A．Will; be held; t takeB．Is; held; t takeC．Will; be held; takingD．Is; held; taking
【答案】A
【详解】句意：——明天李先生会主持会议吗？——是的。他还希望我们在会议期间做些笔记。
考查动词的时态、语态和非谓语动词。根据时间状语tmrrw可知，第一句需用一般将来时，主语the meeting与动词hld是被动关系（会议被主持），且将来时被动语态结构“为will be + 过去分词”，因此问句的空格用“Will; be held”；“want sb. t d sth.”是固定搭配，表示“想要某人做某事”，故答句的空格用“t take”。故选A。
13．—______ the flwers ______ every day?
—Yes. They ______ by my grandma, and she says they need ______ lts f water.
A．Are; watered; are watered; t getB．D; water; water; get
C．Are; watered; water; t getD．D; water; are watered; get
【答案】A
【详解】句意：——花每天被浇水吗？——是的。它们由我的奶奶浇水，并且她说它们需要得到很多水。
考查被动语态和动词need的用法。第一个空和第二个空：构成被动语态的一般疑问句，主语“the flwers”为复数，需用“Are + 过去分词”结构，表示“花被浇水”，第三个空：被动语态的陈述句，“They”作主语，需用“are watered”表示“被浇水”，第四个空need t d“需要做”，固定搭配，用不定式结构。故选A。
14．—Hw lng ______ yur uncle ______ in this city?
—Fr 10 years. He ______ here in 2015, and his huse ______ last year.
A．has; lived; came; was builtB．did; live; came; built
C．has; lived; came; builtD．did; live; has cme; was built
【答案】A
【详解】句意：——你叔叔在这个城市住了多久？——10年了。他2015年来到这里，他的房子是去年被建造的。
考查时态和语态。根据答语“Fr 10 years”可知，句子时态是现在完成时态，第一空和第二空需用现在完成时has lived；第三空，句中“in 2015”是具体过去时间点，用过去时came表示动作发生了；第四空，此处表示房子是“被建造”的，使用一般过去时的被动语态，主语是his huse，需用was built。故选A。
15．（25-26九年级上·上海·月考）The yung rbber ________ sn after Ken called the plice.
A．was arrestedB．arrestedC．is arrestedD．arrests
【答案】A
【详解】句意：在Ken报警之后，那个年轻的抢劫犯很快就被逮捕了。
考查被动语态和时态。“rbber”和“arrest”是被动关系，需用被动语态“be+过去分词”，因为“called”是一般过去时，句子描述过去的事，被动语态的be动词用过去式was，“arrest”的过去分词是“arrested”，故用一般过去时的被动语态“was arrested”，故选A。
16．（25-26九年级上·福建莆田·期中）Lw-carbn turism (低碳旅行) ________ by mre and mre travelers because it is ec-friendly.
A．chse B．is chsenC．is chsing
【答案】B
【详解】句意：低碳旅行被越来越多的旅行者选择，因为环保。
考查被动语态。主语“lw-carbn turism”是动作的承受者，需用被动语态；句子陈述现在的情况，时态应为一般现在时，且主语为单数，be动词用is，动词chse的过去分词为chsen，即is chsen。故选B。
17．Yuan Lngping saved millins f peple, and he ________ frever in China.
A．will rememberB．rememberedC．will be remembered
【答案】C
【详解】句意：袁隆平拯救了数百万人，在中国他将永远被记住。
考查时态和语态。will remember将记住，一般将来时，主动语态；remembered记住了，一般过去时，主动语态；will be remembered一般将来时，被动语态。根据句意，主语“he”是被记住的对象，需用被动语态；且“frever”表示未来状态，需用一般将来时，故应使用一般将来时的被动语态。故选C。
18．（25-26九年级上·上海嘉定·期中）This kind f flwer ________ every day, r it will die.
A．must waterB．must be wateredC．shuld waterD．can be watered
【答案】B
【详解】句意：这种花必须每天浇水，否则它会死。
考查被动语态和情态动词的用法。must water必须浇水；must be watered必须被浇水；shuld water应该浇水；can be watered能够被浇水。主语“this kind f flwer”与动词“water”之间是逻辑上的动宾关系，需用被动语态，结构为be dne。排除选项A和C；根据“r it will die”可知，不浇水，花就会死，此处强调必要性，用must be watered。故选B。
19．（2025·安徽宣城·二模）—Excuse me. Can I bring these things nt the plane?
—Srry, knives r scissrs ______ t g with peple.
A．isn’t allwedB．wn’t be allwed
C．aren’t allwedD．wasn’t allwed
【答案】C
【详解】句意：——打扰一下，我能带这些东西上飞机吗？——抱歉，刀或剪刀不允许随身携带。
考查时态和语态。此处描述客观情况，用一般现在时，主语和动词allw之间是被动关系，且主语是复数，be动词用are。故选C。
20．（24-25九年级上·安徽安庆·期中）Xu Zechen, brn in Dnghai in 1978, ________ thrughut the cuntry since 2019 fr his nvel Bei Shang.
A．knwsB．has been knwnC．has knwnD．is knwn
【答案】B
【详解】句意：徐则臣1978年出生于东海，自2019年起，他凭借小说《北上》闻名全国。
考查动词时态和语态。根据“since 2019”可知，句子应用现在完成时，且主语Xu Zechen和动词knw之间是被动关系，表示徐则臣被全国的人所知晓，所以应用现在完成时的被动语态，其结构为“have/has been+过去分词”，主语是Xu Zechen，助动词用has，knw的过去分词是knwn。故选B。
二、用所给词的适当形式填空（每题1分，共10分）
21．（2024·江苏无锡·中考真题）This stne bridge (build) ver 800 years ag.
【答案】was built
【详解】句意：这座石桥建于800多年前。本句主语是动作的承受者，结合时间状语“ver 800 years ag”可知，是一般过去时的被动语态，故填was built。
22．（2024·甘肃白银·中考真题）N matter hw many difficulties we have, I believe all prblems can be (slve) in the end.
【答案】slved
【详解】句意：不管我们有多少困难，我相信所有的问题最终都能解决。主语“prblems”是动作的承受者，此处是含情态动词的被动语态，用动词过去分词，故填slved。
23．（2023·江苏淮安·中考真题）New clthes and shes (send) t children in pr areas by my classmates every year.
【答案】are sent
【详解】句意：我的同学每年都会给贫困地区的孩子们送新衣服和新鞋子。主语New clthes and shes和谓语send之间是被动关系，根据“every year”可知句子用一般现在时，主语是复数，be动词用are。故填are sent。
24．（2021·西藏·中考真题）Many peple believe that teenagers shuld （allw）t make their wn decisins in sme ways.
【答案】be allwed
【详解】句意：许多人认为青少年应该被允许在某些方面做自己的选择。主语teenagers “青少年” 是动词allw “允许”动作的承受者，表示应该被允许做决定，结构是情态动词+be+动词的过去分词。故填be allwed。
25．Driving after drinking wine (nt allw) in China.
【答案】isn’t allwed
【详解】句意：在中国酒后驾驶是不允许的。句子为一般现在时，allw“允许”，是动词，主语Driving after drinking wine与谓语nt allw之间是被动关系，因此用被动语态，主语是动名词短语，谓语用第三人称单数形式，故填isn’t allwed。
26．（2025·江苏无锡·中考真题）Hundreds f factries (encurage) t mve away r clse between 2005 and 2015.
【答案】were encuraged
【详解】句意：在2005年至2015年间，数百家工厂被鼓励搬迁或关闭。根据句子结构可知，主语“Hundreds f factries”与动词“encurage”之间是被动关系，且时间状语“between 2005 and 2015”表明动作发生在过去。因此，此处需要用被动语态的一般过去时形式。一般过去时的被动语态为“was/were + 过去分词”。由于主语是复数形式“Hundreds f factries”，be动词要用复数形式。故填were encuraged。
27．（23-24八年级下·江苏南京·期末）Everyne has t bey the schl rules, r yu will (punish).
【答案】be punished
【详解】句意：每个人都必须遵守校规，否则你会受到惩罚。根据“Everyne has t bey the schl rules, r yu will…”可知，此处指每个人都必须遵守校规，否则你会受到惩罚；主语“yu”与动词“punish”之间为动宾关系，此处应用一般将来时的被动语态，其结构为“will be dne”，空前为will，空处应填be punished。故填be punished。
28．（23-24九年级上·重庆渝中·期末）If anybdy breaks the law f nature, he will (punish) in the end.
【答案】be punished
【详解】句意：如果有人违反了自然法则，他最终将受到惩罚。根据语法结构可知该题是if引导的条件状语从句，要遵循“主将从现”的原则。主语he和punish之间构成被动关系，根据语境要用一般将来时的被动语态，其结构是will be dne的形式，punish的过去分词是punished，故填be punished。
29．The scarf (make) f silk.
【答案】is made
【详解】句意：这条围巾是丝绸做的。silk表示材质，且看得出原材料，主语The scarf与动词make存在被动关系，此处应用be made f表示“由……制成”，句子应用一般现在时，因此be动词用is。故填is made。
30．The lecture is wrth (attend). Please tell Jhn nt t be late.
【答案】attending
【详解】句意：这个讲座值得一听。请告诉约翰不要迟到。根据空前“be wrth”可知，此处考查be wrth ding表示“值得做……”，为固定搭配，所以空格处应填动词ing形式。故填attending。

完形填空（每空1分，共10分）
Riding a bike n the street, yu might hear sme peple speaking Chinese alud. Turning t the right, yu see a Sichuan-style restaurant. After walking int a stre, yu see that Huawei smartphnes are 1 .
But yu are nt in China—yu’re in Manchester in Britain. In fact, yu might see 2 things in many ther cities. Chinese prducts have been ging glbal. Chinese 3 has been enjyed in Western cuntries fr a lng time. T meet lcal peple’s tastes, Chinese restaurants have made sme 4 t the dishes. One example is the meat. Chinese peple like t eat meat with the bne in, but peple here dn’t. S Chinese restaurants 5 big pieces f meat withut bnes.
Sme Chinese brands (品牌) are als becming mre 6 . In many cities in Eurpe, stres sell TCL televisins, Haier fridges and Lenv cmputers. Mre than half f US-wned drnes (无人机) are Chinese mdels. They’re nt simply 7 China, but designed and develped in the cuntry. In the past, mst Western peple thught Chinese prducts were 8 and unreliable (不可靠的). But things have changed 9 . “Made in China” has becme cl and mre peple 10 Chinese brands. Fr example, Huawei, ne f China’s majr smartphne makers, even vertk Apple in glbal smartphne sales.
1．A．n dutyB．n saleC．n timeD．n purpse
2．A．strangeB．similarC．interestingD．funny
3．A．vegetableB．fruitC．fdD．style
4．A．changesB．dreamsC．chicesD．ntes
5．A．fixB．giveC．takeD．prvide
6．A．ppularB．familiarC．usualD．nrmal
7．A．made frB．made byC．made inD．made f
8．A．highB．greatC．cheapD．expensive
9．A．finallyB．hardlyC．slwlyD．greatly
10．A．trustB．prduceC．learnD．cpy
【答案】
1．B 2．B 3．C 4．A 5．D 6．A 7．C 8．C 9．D 10．A
【导语】本文讲述了中国产品在全球范围内的流行和影响力。通过描述在英国曼彻斯特看到的中国元素，文章展示了中国品牌和文化在西方国家的受欢迎程度和适应性变化。
1．句意：走进一家商店，你会看到华为智能手机正在打折销售。
n duty值班；n sale打折；n time准时；n purpse故意。根据“After walking int a stre, yu see that Huawei smartphnes”可知，华为手机在打折销售，故选B。
2．句意：事实上，你可能在许多其他城市看到类似的事情。
strange奇怪的；similar相似的；interesting有趣的；funny滑稽的。根据“Chinese prducts have been ging glbal”可知，中国产品已经走向世界，所以应该是看到相似的事情，故选B。
3．句意：中国食物在西方国家已经被享用很长时间了。
vegetable蔬菜；fruit水果；fd食物；style风格。根据“Chinese restaurants”可知，指的是中国食物，故选C。
4．句意：为了迎合当地人的口味，中国餐馆对菜肴做了一些改变。
changes改变；dreams梦想；chices选择；ntes笔记。根据“T meet lcal peple’s tastes”可知，为了迎合当地人的口味，中国餐馆对菜肴做了一些改变。故选A。
5．句意：所以中国餐馆提供没有骨头的大块肉。
fix修理；give给；take拿；prvide提供。根据“Chinese peple like t eat meat with the bne in, but peple here dn’t”可知，餐馆提供大块没有骨头的肉，故选D。
6．句意：一些中国品牌也变得更加流行。
ppular流行的；familiar熟悉的；usual通常的；nrmal正常的。根据“In many cities in Eurpe, stres sell TCL televisins, Haier fridges and Lenv cmputers”可知，中国品牌变得更加流行，故选A。
7．句意：它们不仅仅是中国制造的，而且设计和开发在中国。
made fr为……制造；made by由……制造；made in在……制造；made f由……制成。根据“but designed and develped in the cuntry.”可知，是指中国制造的，应用made in China。故选C。
8．句意：过去，大多数西方人认为中国产品便宜且不可靠。
high高的；great伟大的；cheap便宜的；expensive昂贵的。根据“and unreliable (不可靠的)”可知，过去外国人对中国产品的印象是便宜和不可靠，故选C。
9．句意：但情况已经大大改变了。
finally最终；hardly几乎不；slwly缓慢地；greatly大大地。根据“Fr example, Huawei, ne f China’s majr smartphne makers, even vertk Apple in glbal smartphne sales.”可知，如今的情况大大改变了。故选D。
10．句意：“中国制造”已经变得很酷，更多人信任中国品牌。
trust信任；prduce生产；learn学习；cpy复制。根据“has becme cl”可知，很多人信任中国品牌，故选A。
阅读理解（每2分，共10分）
（2022·江西·中考真题）Imprvements in technlgy ften happen vernight. Sme gadgets get smaller and faster. Others are replaced (代替) by newer things like smartphnes. They can d hundreds f things. Here are sme ld gadgets that peple used t use.
①________
D yu have a landline at hme? These are phnes that peple plug (插入) int their living rm walls. Mbile phnes didn’t use t be s cmmn at that time, s mst families had a landline. But landlines nly wrked at hme. What did peple d when they were utside and needed t call smene? They lked fr a pay phne! Then, mst peple had their wn mbile phnes and many hmes n lnger had landlines.
②________
Peple tday stre plenty f infrmatin nline, r n SD cards. But in the 1980s and 1990s, peple used t use flppy disks. The first flppy disks were large, expensive, and nt very useful — each disk culd stre just 175 KB f infrmatin! Later, flppy disks gt smaller and better. But even the best nes culd nly hld 1.44 MB．Yu wuld need three r fur disks just fr ne sng, and abut 22,000 disks t match the strage (储存空间) available n a 32 GB phne!
③________
It’s easy t take phts tday. Peple ften have thusands just n their phnes! But phts used t be expensive, and peple tk fewer f them. T take a pht, yu had t buy a rll f film. This allwed yu t take abut 30 phts. After finishing the rll, yu left it at a shp. The shp develped the phts t make them be seen, which yu culd cllect after a few days.
Technlgy changes all the time, and the gadgets we use tday will ne day be ld. What d yu think will be next t disappear?
11．What des the underlined wrd “gadgets” mean in Paragraph 1?
A．Tys.B．Tls.C．Games.D．Phnes.
12．Match the title with each paragraph.
a. Gdbye Disks b. Music t My Ears c. Picture This d. Call Me e. Film Develpment
A．①-d, ②-b, ③-eB．①-d, ②-a, ③-cC．①-c, ②-a, ③-bD．①-c, ②-b, ③-e
13．What were the first flppy disks like?
A．They culd stre much.B．They were very useful.
C．They cst a lt f mney.D．They were easy t carry.
14．What can we get frm the passage?
A．It was cnvenient t take phts with film.
B．Peple utside used landlines t call smene.
C．Imprvements in technlgy change peple’s life.
D．Fr a time, many peple had pay phnes at hme.
15．What wuld be the best title fr the passage?
A．The Changing Phnes.B．The Prducts f Tmrrw.
C．Old Things We Use Tday.D．The Things We Used t Use.
【答案】11．B 12．B 13．C 14．C 15．D
【导语】本文主要介绍了人们过去常用的旧工具。
11．词义猜测题。根据“Sme gadgets get smaller and faster. Others are replaced by newer things like smartphnes.”可知此处指变得更小更快的东西，举例中有智能手机，由此推出gadgets意为“工具，设备”。故选B。
12．标题归纳题。根据“Then, mst peple had their wn mbile phnes and many hmes n lnger had landlines.”可知①段讲电话机手机，用“Call Me”做标题；根据“But in the 1980s and 1990s, peple used t use flppy disks.”可知②段以前用过的磁盘，用“Gdbye Disks”做标题；再由“It’s easy t take phts tday. Peple ften have thusands just n their phnes! But phts used t be expensive, and peple tk fewer f them.”可知③段介绍拍照工具，用“Picture This”做标题。故选B。
13．细节理解题。根据“The first flppy disks were large, expensive, and nt very useful — each disk culd stre just 175 KB f infrmatin!”可知第一批软盘很贵，要花费很多钱。故选C。
14．推理判断题。根据“Imprvements in technlgy ften happen vernight.”及下文内容可知文中介绍科技在进步，这在不断改变人们的生活。故选C。
15．标题归纳题。根据“Here are sme ld gadgets that peple used t use.”及全文内容可知本文主要介绍了人们过去常用的旧工具，用“The Things We Used t Use.”做标题最合适。故选D。
三、任务型阅读（每空2分，共10分）
（2022·江苏淮安·中考真题）Have yu ever tasted a kind f snack, which is als f the traditinal Chinese f frms f art—sugar painting.
Sugar painting started frm the Ming Dynasty and became ppular in the Qing Dynasty. At that time, many peple made a living thrugh sugar painting, setting up stalls(货摊)in crwded streets, in frnt f theatres and busy public places. And nw it can still be fund in many areas f China.
The sugar painters usually sit befre a wden table. On the side, there is a wden plate with a revlvable arrw(可旋转箭头)n it. The plate is painted with different pictures such as a dragn, a bird, a flwer and s n. After paying, the custmers turn the arrw and wait till it stps. The picture pinted by the arrw is the ne the painters will make.
Sugar painting is very different frm nrmal painting. The sugar painters use syrup(糖浆)as the material, a spn as the “paintbrush”, and a smth slab(台面)as the “paper”. T make the syrup, they have t make sugar ht befre painting. Since the syrup may becme slid(固体的)if it cls, the painters have t prduce the wrk very quickly. They mve the spn full f the syrup up and dwn, left and right. Sn a sugar painting f an animal, a flwer r a bike is dne.
The number f sugar painters is getting smaller. Hwever, sme f them still insist n this art. They make their effrts t hld different activities such as ffering classes and giving speeches. Nw, sugar painting has already been listed as Natinal Nn-Material Culture Heritage.
根据上面短文的内容回答问题（每个答案不超过6个单词）
16．Did sugar painting becme ppular in the Ming Dynasty?

17．Where d the sugar painters usually sit?

18．When d the custmers turn the arrw?

19．Hw d sugar painters make the syrup befre painting?

20．Why d sme f the sugar painters hld different activities?

【答案】16．N, it didn’t. 17．Befre a wden table. 18．After paying. 19．By making sugar ht.
20．T insist n this art.
【导语】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了糖画的发展及制作。
16．根据“Sugar painting started frm the Ming Dynasty and became ppular in the Qing Dynasty.”可知，糖画在清朝变得流行，不是在明朝。故填N, it didn’t.
17．根据“The sugar painters usually sit befre a wden table.”可知，糖画师傅通常坐在一张木桌前。故填Befre a wden table.
18．根据“After paying, the custmers turn the arrw and wait till it stps.”可知，付款后，顾客转动箭头。故填After paying.
19．根据“T make the syrup, they have t make sugar ht befre painting.”可知，糖画师傅通过让糖变热来制作糖浆。故填By making sugar ht.
20．根据“Hwever, sme f them still insist n this art. They make their effrts t hld different activities”可知，一些糖画师傅举办不同的关于糖画的活动，是为了坚持这项艺术。故填T insist n this art.
四、短文填空（每空1分，共10分）
（2022·山东枣庄·中考真题）阅读下面的材料并填空。有的答案要填入适当的内容，有的答案要用括号内单词的正确形式，但每个答案不多于三个单词。
D yu knw Stnehenge? It’s ne f Britain’s mst famus histrical 21 (place). Every year mre than 750, 000 peple 22 (visit) it. Peple like t g t this place as they want t see the sun 23 (rise) n the lngest day f the year, especially 24 June.
Different peple have different ideas abut Stnehenge. Sme histrians believed Stnehenge was a temple, 25 histrian Paul Stker thinks this can’t be true because Stnehenge was built many centuries ag. Other peple believe the stnes were used t keep peple 26 (health). N ne is sure 27 Stnehenge was used fr, but mst agree that the psitin f the stnes must be fr a special purpse. Peple might build it 28 (respect) ancestrs.
Stnehenge was built 29 (slw) ver a lng perid f time. Mst histrians believe it must be almst 5,000 years ld. The stnes are s big and heavy 30 n ne knws hw it was built, but we d knw the builders must have been hard-wrking and great planners.
【答案】
21．places 22．visit 23．rising 24．in 25．but 26．healthy 27．what 28．t respect 29．slwly 30．that
【导语】本文介绍了英国最著名的观光景点之一——巨石阵。
21．句意：它是英国最著名的历史名胜之一。固定句型ne f the+形容词最高级+名词复数“……中最……之一”，此处应用名词复数形式。故填places。
22．句意：每年有超过 750,000 人参观它。此处是在描述一个客观事实，需用一般现在时。主语“mre than 750, 000 peple”是复数，动词需用原形。故填visit。
23．句意：人们喜欢去这个地方，因为他们想在一年中最长的一天看到太阳升起，尤其是在六月。根据“see the sun...”可知，此处是指看到太阳在升起。固定短语see sth./sb. ding sth.“看到……正在做某事”。故填rising。
24．句意：人们喜欢去这个地方，因为他们想在一年中最长的一天看到太阳升起，尤其是在六月。空后“June”是具体的月份，用介词in。故填in。
25．句意：一些历史学家认为巨石阵是一座寺庙，但历史学家保罗斯托克认为这不可能是真的。空后前后句意转折，用连词but“但是”连接。故填but。
26．句意：其他人认为这些石头是用来保持人们健康的。固定短语keep sb. adj.“让某人保持某种状态”。health的形容词形式为healthy“健康的”。故填healthy。
27．句意：没有人知道巨石阵是用来做什么的，但大多数人都同意，巨石阵的位置肯定有特殊用途。根据“N ne is was used fr,”可知，此处是宾语从句，表示“巨石阵是用来做什么的”，用what作引导词。故填what。
28．句意：人们可能会为了尊重祖先而建造它。分析句子可知，此处使用动词不定式表示目的，作目的状语。故填t respect。
29．句意：巨石阵是在很长一段时间内慢慢建成的。空处应填副词slwly“缓慢地”，修饰前面的动词“built”。故填slwly。
30．句意：这些石头又大又重，没有人知道它是如何建造的，但我们知道建造者一定是勤奋的和伟大的规划者。根据“The stnes are s big and ne knws hw it was built,”可知，此处是指石头又大又重，以至于没人知道它是如何被建造的。意为“如此……以至于……”。故填that。
一、阅读短文，完成表格。 (每空词数不限)（每空2分，共10分）
Can yu take phts in the air? Wuld yu like t have a rbt that talks t yu like a human? These inventins are real. They are really cl and fun. They als make life easier and mre interesting.
Phttaking drne (无人机)
Spark is a camera drne. It can fly abve yur head and take phts. A Chinese cmpany called DII made it. It is very small when flded (折叠), as small as a can f sda. Like ther drnes, yu can cntrl it with a remte cntrl. But yu can als cntrl it with hand gestures.
Scial rbt
This little rbt has a big head and a rund bdy. It is Jib, a “family rbt”. The US cmpany Jib Inc. made it. Jib almst seems alive. When yu say “Hey, Jib”, it will dance and turn t face yu. When it talks, it mves its head and bdy. There are n eyes r muth n Jib’s face. But it can use animated icns (动画图标) t shw feelings. Jib can d simple things, such as taking phts and reading the news. But it might learn t d mre in the future.
【答案】1．a can f sda 2．hand gestures 3．talks 4．reading the news 5．learn t d mre
【导语】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了两个有趣的发明： 可拍照的无人机和社交机器人。
1．根据“It is very small when flded (折叠), as small as a can f sda.”可知，它的大小就和一罐苏打水一样，a can f sda“一罐苏打水”。故填a can f sda。
2．根据“But yu can als cntrl it with hand gestures.”可知，可以用手势来控制无人机，hand gestures“手势”。故填hand gestures。
3．根据“When it talks, it mves its head and bdy.”可知，它说话的时候会动它的头和身体，talk“说话”，该句是一般现在时，主语是“it”，动词填三单形式。故填talks。
4．根据“Jib can d simple things, such as taking phts and reading the news.”可知，Jib可以做一些简单的事情，比如拍照和看新闻，read news“看新闻”，and前为“taking phts”，此处动词形式需保持一致。填reading the news。
5．根据“But it might learn t d mre in the future.”可知，它可能会在未来学会做更多的事情，learn t d“学习做某事”，mre“更多”。故填learn t d mre。
二、（2022·河北·中考真题）阅读下面短文，按要求完成各题。（每题2分，共10分）
“I culd tell it was him by the way he walked.” If yu’ve ever said that, yu understand bimetrics（生物识别技术）. Bimetric technlgy is an imprtant tpic in ur wrk and private lives. It includes the use f finger prints r knwing a persn’s vice. It is the science abut what a persn lks like and hw a persn des things. Like tree leaves, n tw human beings are exactly the same. They’ve gt different eyes and different hair. And everyne has a different way f walking r mving.
This technlgy can tell yu frm thers. At the mment if yu travel thrugh an airprt, yu need yur ID card r passprt. If yu g t yur bank t get sme mney, yu need a card and a special number. But what shuld yu d if yu lse yur passprt r frget yur number? Bimetric technlgy can slve this prblem. The technlgy is becming mre and mre ppular with ld peple because they n lnger need t remember their passwrds（密码）.
This technlgy is all arund us in ur life. We use them t unlck a smart phne, get int ur hmes, start ur cars withut a key r even pay fr ur shpping.
Nthing is perfect. Peple are wrried abut the safety f their private infrmatin. Hwever, the technlgy will becme much better in the future, and it will becme mre and mre imprtant in ur daily life.
1题完成句子；2、3题简略回答问题；4题找出并写下第二段的主题句；5题将画线句子译成汉语。
6．Bimetric technlgy includes r knwing a persn’s vice.
7．What are peple wrried abut?

8．Where can the technlgy be used accrding t the text? （至少写出文中提到的两个地方）

9．
10．
【答案】6．the use f finger prints 7．Peple are wrried abut the safety f their private infrmatin. 8．At the airprt./In ur wrk./At hme./In ur daily life.
9．This technlgy can tell yu frm thers. 10．这种技术在我们的生活中无处不在。
【导语】本文主要介绍了生物识别技术的作用，它在我们生活中的用处以及它的弊端。
6．根据“It includes the use f finger prints r knwing a persn’s vice”可知，它包括使用指纹或识别一个人的声音，故填the use f finger prints。
7．根据“Peple are wrried abut the safety f their private infrmatin”可知，人们担心他们的私人信息的安全，故填Peple are wrried abut the safety f their private infrmatin.
8．根据“We use them t unlck a smart phne, get int ur hmes, start ur cars withut a key r even pay fr ur shpping”可知，我们用它们来解锁智能手机，进入我们的家，不用钥匙启动汽车，甚至支付我们的购物费用，故填At the airprt./In ur wrk./At hme./In ur daily life.（至少写出文中提到的两个地方）
9．根据“This technlgy can tell yu frm thers”及整段的内容可知，此段主要介绍生物识别技术能够把你和其他人区别开这个用处，所以第一句话就是本段的主题句，故填This technlgy can tell yu frm thers.
10．this technlgy“这项技术”：all arund us“在我们周围”：in ur life“在我们生活里”，故填：这种技术在我们的生活中无处不在。
类型
构成
例句
一般现在时的被动语态
am/is/are + 过去分词
The rm is cleaned every day.
这个房间 每天都被打扫。
一般过去时的被动语态
was/were + 过去分词
The lst ring was fund the next day.
丢失的那枚戒指第二天找到了。
一般将来时的被动语态
will/shall +be+过去分词
The sprts meeting will be held tmrrw.运动会将在明天举行。
含情态动词的被动语态
情态动词+be+过去分词
Yur English must be imprved.
你的英语水平必须提高。
用法
例句
不知道动作的执行者是谁
The windw in the classrm was brken yesterday. 昨天教室的窗户被打了。
没有必要指出动作的执行者
Finally,the thief was caught. 最后，小偷被抓住了。
需要强调动作的承受者
These bks are written especially fr children.这些书是专门为孩子们写的。
主动变被动的特殊情况
情况概述
例句
带双宾语的主动语态变被动语态
谓语动词带双宾语时，既可以将间接宾语 转化成主语，也可以将直接宾语转化成主语。 如果将直接宾语转化成主语，要在间接宾语前 加上介词 t 或 fr。
Mike gave me a pen.→
I was given a pen by Mike.
(间接宾语 me 变为主语I)
A pen was given t me by Mike. (直接宾语a pen变为主语)
【拓展】常见的跟双宾语的动词有：give,tell, buy,pass,lend,ffer 等。
感官动词和使役动词的主动语态变被动语态
主动语态中感官动词(see,hear,watc等)和使役动词(make,let,have等)后跟省略 t 的动词不定式，变为被动语态时，要加上t。
We saw her get ut f the classrm.→
She was seen t get ut f the classrm.（感官动词）
The bss made Jhn wrk fr 12 hurs every day.→ Jhn was made t wrk fr 12 hurs every day.（使役动词）
动词短语的主动语态变为被动语态
句中谓语动词是动词短语，变为被动语态时，要注意其完整性。
Jack turned n the TV just nw.→
The TV was turned n by Jack just nw.
Interesting inventins
Pht­taking drne
*It is as small as 1 .
*Yu can cntrl it with a remte cntrl r with 2 .
Scial rbt
*It mves its head and bdy when it 3 .
*It can d simple things, such as taking phts and 4 .
*In the future, it might 5 .