高考英语二轮测试阅读表达（名校模拟10篇）（解析版）- （北京专用）

这是一份高考英语二轮测试阅读表达（名校模拟10篇）（解析版）- （北京专用），共24页。

（2024上·北京东城·高三统考期末）阅读下面短文，根据题目要求用英文回答问题。
Smartphnes have becme a big part f peple’s lives. When we temprarily can’t find them, it causes a feeling f anxiety r panic. Sme psychlgists have called it “nmphbia”. Thankfully, I rde thrugh the withdrawal f my smartphne and it was shrt-lived.
When I gt my first smartphne ver a decade ag, I lved it. It gave me instant access t my music, a wrld f infrmatin and thusands f phts and vides. But ver time, I became increasingly ambivalent abut its rle in my life. I wuld repeatedly refresh my email, shp nline fr stuff I didn’t need and cnstantly scrll thrugh the latest news. I’d ften cmplain t my husband and t my seven-year-ld sn, Luis, that I felt trapped by it.
Then, ne day last summer, while I was playing with Luis, I was nce again distracted by dings and pings. He finally reminded me f my cmplaints, but rephrased them as a plea: “Mmmy, just give it up already!”
I decided t try. Instead f ging cld turkey — n cellphne at all — I bught a flip phne. With n tuch screen, texting is time-cnsuming. Once, while trying t catch up n texts with a friend, I finally gt frustrated and called her. I realized I hadn’t spken t her since her big mve. It made a difference t hear bth the excitement in her vice as she described seeing the nrthern lights and her sadness in being away frm a sick parent.
Nwadays, peple may prefer text-based cmmunicatin ver using the phne because they fear that the call will be awkward. But, just as I learned, when we were frced t cnnect vice t vice, we wuld find urselves mre bnded t that persn.
Wuyu Sui, an expert researching digital health, describes nmphbia as a reliance that’s been placed upn us. “Whenever smething is designed t make a chice easier, it’s called a behaviural nudge,” he explains, adding that the mre central t ur lives the smartphne’s functins are, the mre prisned we becme.
Ultimately, thugh, that sense f dependence is false. As I’ve fund, yu can d all the things yu need t d in ther ways. It’s nt always cnvenient, but I knw I’m much calmer n a regular basis withut my smartphne.
1．What des “nmphbia” refer t?
2．Why did the authr decide t give up her smartphne?
3．Please decide which part is false in the fllwing statement, then underline it and explain why.
▶Accrding t the authr, we will find it awkward t talk with a friend n the phne.
4．Apart frm the ways mentined in the passage, what can yu d t avid “nmphbia”? (In abut 40 wrds)
1．It refers t a feeling f anxiety r panic that we have when we temprarily can’t find ur smartphnes. 2．Because she felt trapped by her smartphne and her sn asked her t give it up.
3．▶Accrding t the authr, we will find it awkward t talk with a friend n the phne.
Accrding t the authr, we will find urselves mre bnded t the friend when talking with him/her n the phne.
4．T avid nmphbia, ne can cnsider taking regular breaks frm technlgy and engaging in ffline activities. Besides, yu can turn ff yur phne r leave it at hme when yu dn’t need it, and fcusing n the peple and things arund yu.
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章说明了什么是“无手机恐惧症”以及作者因为感觉被智能手机困住，而听从儿子的建议，戒掉了手机的经历。
1．考查细节理解。根据第一段“When we temprarily can’t find them, it causes a feeling f anxiety r panic. Sme psychlgists have called it “nmphbia”.(当我们暂时找不到它们时，就会产生焦虑或恐慌的感觉。一些心理学家称之为“无手机恐惧症”)”可知，“无手机恐惧症”指的是我们暂时找不到智能手机时产生的焦虑或恐慌感。故答案为It refers t a feeling f anxiety r panic that we have when we temprarily can’t find ur smartphnes.
2．考查细节理解。根据第二段“I’d ften cmplain t my husband and t my seven-year-ld sn, Luis, that I felt trapped by it. (我经常向我的丈夫和我七岁的儿子路易斯抱怨，我觉得自己被它困住了。)”和第三段“Then, ne day last summer, while I was playing with Luis, I was nce again distracted by dings and pings. He finally reminded me f my cmplaints, but rephrased them as a plea: “Mmmy, just give it up already!”(然后，去年夏天的一天，当我和路易斯一起玩的时候，我又一次被叮叮当当的声音分散了注意力。他终于提醒了我我的抱怨，但他用恳求的语气说：“妈妈，快放弃吧!”)”可知，作者决定放弃她的智能手机是因为她觉得自己被智能手机困住了，儿子让她放弃。故答案为Because she felt trapped by her smartphne and her sn asked her t give it up.
3．考查细节理解。根据倒数第三段“But, just as I learned, when we were frced t cnnect vice t vice, we wuld find urselves mre bnded t that persn.(但是，正如我所学到的，当我们被迫通过声音与声音进行交流时，我们会发现自己与那个人的联系更加紧密)”可知，错误的部分是“we will find it awkward”，根据作者的说法，当我们和朋友打电话时，我们会发现自己和他/她更亲近。故答案为▶Accrding t the authr, we will find it awkward t talk with a friend n the phne. Accrding t the authr, we will find urselves mre bnded t the friend when talking with him/her n the phne.
4．考查开放答题。根据“除了文中提到的方法，你能做些什么来避免‘无手机恐惧症’？”可知，为了避免“无手机恐惧症”，人们可以考虑定期远离科技产品，参加线下活动。此外，当你不需要手机的时候，你可以关掉手机或把它放在家里，把注意力集中在你周围的人和事上。故答案为T avid nmphbia, ne can cnsider taking regular breaks frm technlgy and engaging in ffline activities. Besides, yu can turn ff yur phne r leave it at hme when yu dn’t need it, and fcusing n the peple and things arund yu.
（2024上·北京顺义·高三统考期末）阅读下面短文，根据题目要求用英文回答问题。
There’s a difference between being nice and being kind. Being nice invlves being plite and pleasing t thers. If yu’re peple pleasing, yu’re placing an expectatin n the persn yu’re being nice t that they respnd t yu in a certain way. Being kind is less self-serving. On the ne hand, kindness invlves being generus withut expecting anything in return. The ther half is the purpse behind the actin. A kind persn is acting ut f sympathy and genuine cncern fr anther.
The difference is intentinality, said Dr. Catherine Franssen, an assciate prfessr f psychlgy at Lngwd University in Virginia, nting that a kind persn tries t really understand what smene else is ging thrugh.
Practicing kindness rather than niceness allws peple t develp deeper genuine cnnectins with thers, said Franssen. The mre yu d it, the easier it will get t relate t thers and build mre meaningful relatinships in all aspects f life.
The warm feeling yu get frm perfrming an act f kindness is yur brain releasing a tn f feel-gd chemicals. Franssen said being kind bsts prductin f sertnin, a neurtransmitter (神经传递素) invlved in md, including happiness. Kindness als releases dpamine, a brain chemical in charge f reward and pleasure. It’s the reasn why ding ne act f kindness feels s gd that yu want t d anther.
Being kind gives the same health benefits, regardless f hw big r small the gesture. Acts f kindness might feel strange and ut-f-character at first. Hwever, this feeling ges away the mre yu keep practicing. Sn enugh, it becmes s familiar yu’ll ntice the benefits n yurself and thers.
5．What des being kind invlve?
6．Why d yu get warm feeling when shwing kindness?
7．Please decide which part is false in the fllwing statement, then underline it and explain why.
> The mre yu practice niceness, the easier yu will cnnect with thers and establish mre meaningful relatinships in all aspects f life.
8．In yur daily life, what can yu d t shw kindness? (In abut 40 wrds)
5．Being kind/Kindness/It invlves being generus withut expecting anything in return.
6．(Because) When shwing kindness, yur brain releases a tn f feel-gd chemicals such as sertnin and dpamine while shwing kindness. The warm feeling yu get frm perfrming an act f kindness is yur brain releasing a tn f feel-gd chemicals.
7．The mre yu practice niceness, the easier yu will cnnect with thers and establish mre meaningful relatinships in all aspects f life.
(Accrding t the passage, ) the mre yu practice kindness, the easier yu will cnnect thers and build mre meaningful relatinships in all aspects f life./The mre yu practice kindness, the easier it will get t relate t thers and build mre meaningful relatinships in all aspects f life.
8．In my daily life, I can shw kindness by listening attentively t thers, ffering help when needed, and being generus with my time and resurces. Simple actins like smiling, greeting, and ffering a wrd f encuragement can als cnvey kindness.
【导语】本文为一篇说明文。文章主要解释了善良的定义，以及善良的意义所在。
5．考查细节理解。根据文章第一段“Being kind is less self-serving. On the ne hand, kindness invlves being generus withut expecting anything in return. The ther half is the purpse behind the actin. A kind persn is acting ut f sympathy and genuine cncern fr anther.(善良是少自私。一方面，善良包括不期望任何回报的慷慨。另一半是行动背后的目的。善良的人的行为是出于对他人的同情和真诚的关心)”可知，善良的行为包括对他人的真诚关心和同情，不期待任何回报。故答案为Being kind/Kindness/It invlves being generus withut expecting anything in return.
6．考查细节理解。根据文章第四段“The warm feeling yu get frm perfrming an act f kindness is yur brain releasing a tn f feel-gd chemicals. Franssen said being kind bsts prductin f sertnin, a neurtransmitter (神经传递素) invlved in md, including happiness. Kindness als releases dpamine, a brain chemical in charge f reward and pleasure. It’s the reasn why ding ne act f kindness feels s gd that yu want t d anther.(你从做好事中得到的温暖感觉是你的大脑释放了大量让你感觉良好的化学物质。Franssen说，友善会促进血清素的产生，血清素是一种与情绪有关的神经递质，包括幸福感。善良也会释放多巴胺，这是一种负责奖励和快乐的大脑化学物质。这就是为什么做了一件好事感觉很好，你想做另一件事的原因)”可知，从做好事中得到温暖是因为大脑释放了大量化学物质，这些化学物质会让你感到温暖。故答案为(Because) When shwing kindness, yur brain releases a tn f feel-gd chemicals such as sertnin and dpamine while shwing kindness. The warm feeling yu get frm perfrming an act f kindness is yur brain releasing a tn f feel-gd chemicals.
7．考查细节理解。根据文章第三段“Practicing kindness rather than niceness allws peple t develp deeper genuine cnnectins with thers, said Franssen. The mre yu d it, the easier it will get t relate t thers and build mre meaningful relatinships in all aspects f life.( Franssen说，练习善良而不是友善能让人们与他人建立更深层次的真诚联系。你做得越多，就越容易与他人建立联系，并在生活的各个方面建立更有意义的关系)”可知，练习善良练得越多，就越容易与他人建立联系，并在生活的各个方面建立更有意义的关系，而不是练习友善。故答案为The mre yu practice niceness, the easier yu will cnnect with thers and establish mre meaningful relatinships in all aspects f life.
(Accrding t the passage, ) the mre yu practice kindness, the easier yu will cnnect thers and build mre meaningful relatinships in all aspects f life./The mre yu practice kindness, the easier it will get t relate t thers and build mre meaningful relatinships in all aspects f life.
8．开放题。要求考生谈谈在现实生活中会如何表达善意，考生言之有理即可。故参考答案为In my daily life, I can shw kindness by listening attentively t thers, ffering help when needed, and being generus with my time and resurces. Simple actins like smiling, greeting, and ffering a wrd f encuragement can als cnvey kindness.
（2024上·北京石景山·高三统考期末）阅读下面短文，根据题目要求用英文回答问题。
When I was in my secnd year in senir high schl, I fund a 16-dllar-an-hur part-time jb at Lakewd Pizza. Like many teens, I lnged t earn incme as well as add experience fr the time t enter the wrkfrce. Just ne week after I wrked there, David Rss, the manager called me int his ffice. As the saying ges, “life isn’t always a bed f rses”. My first jb ended in failure. His reasn was that I shwed up late twice and tk mre breaks than thers.
“Oh, I’m a lser.” I thught t myself. I believed that thught was shared by my brthers, neither f whm had ever been fired, and my mther, thugh she wuld never express it in thse terms.
“I am t sad t d anything.” I cmplained t my father.
After listening t my wrds, he laughed. “It’s nt funny; I’m a lser.” I said. “N, yu’re nt. This is a part f grwing up. Yu will be all right, my sn,” he said, patting my shulder. “Trust me. Yu are gd enugh.” I lked int my father’s eyes and I culd see he really trusted me. And I believed him.
Since then, “Trust me. Yu are gd enugh.” are the nly wrds I have repeated t myself. I have wrked hard t be a better persn and cherished (珍惜) every mment I have gt. Finally, I succeeded in entering a gd university. After graduatin I fund my dream jb.
9．Hw much did the authr earn at his part-time jb?
10．Why did the authr lse his first jb?
11．Please decide which part is false in the fllwing statement, then underline it and explain why.
 After knwing the authr’s failure, his father cmplained and laughed at him.
12．What can yu learn frm the authr’s stry? (In abut 40 wrds)
9．16 dllars an hur.
10．Because he shwed up late twice and tk mre breaks than thers.
11．After knwing the authr’s failure, his father cmplained and laughed at him.
或After knwing the authr’s failure, his father cmplained and laughed at him.
理由：After knwing the authr’s failure, his father encuraged (cmfrted/believed in, etc.) him.
12．N matter what setbacks yu encunter, dn’t be discuraged. Believe that yu are gd enugh and wrk hard t becme a better persn.
【导语】本文是记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者第一份兼职被辞退了，作者很伤心，认为自己是一个失败者，但是父亲却鼓励作者，信任作者，安慰作者，告诉他“你足够好”，在父亲的鼓励下，作者相信自己足够好，于是努力成为一个更好的人，最终作者在毕业后找到了自己梦想的工作。
9．考查细节理解。根据第一段中“When I was in my secnd year in senir high schl, I fund a 16-dllar-an-hur part-time jb at Lakewd Pizza.(当我读高二时，我在Lakewd Pizza找到了一份每小时16美元的兼职工作。)”可知，作者的兼职每小时16美元，故填16 dllars an hur.
10．考查细节理解。根据第一段中“My first jb ended in failure. His reasn was that I shwed up late twice and tk mre breaks than thers.(我的第一份工作以失败告终。他的理由是我迟到两次并且休息时间比其他人多。)”可知，作者失了第一份工作是因为他迟到两次并且休息时间比其他人多，故填Because he shwed up late twice and tk mre breaks than thers.
11．考查细节理解。根据倒数第二段中““N, yu’re nt. This is a part f grwing up. Yu will be all right, my sn,” he said, patting my shulder. “Trust me. Yu are gd enugh.” I lked int my father’s eyes and I culd see he really trusted me. (“不你不是。这是成长的一部分。你会没事的，我的儿子，”他拍着我的肩膀说道。“相信我。你已经够好。”我看着父亲的眼睛，我可以看出他真的信任我。)”可知，作者的父亲在知道作者丢了工作后，并没有抱怨和嘲笑他，而是鼓励他，安慰他，信任他，由此可知，句子“After knwing the authr’s failure, his father cmplained and laughed at him.”中his father cmplained and laughed at him./cmplained and laughed at是错误的，理由是在得知儿子丢了工作后，父亲鼓励他，安慰他，信任他，故填After knwing the authr’s failure, his father cmplained and laughed at him.或After knwing the authr’s failure, his father cmplained and laughed at him.理由：After knwing the authr’s failure, his father encuraged (cmfrted/believed in, etc.) him.
12．开放试题，言之有理即可。通读全文可知，作者第一份兼职被辞退了，作者很伤心，认为自己是一个失败者，但是父亲却鼓励作者，信任作者，安慰作者，告诉他“你足够好”，在父亲的鼓励下，作者相信自己足够好，于是努力成为一个更好的人，最终作者在毕业后找到了自己梦想的工作。从作者的故事中，我们可以得知，无论受到什么挫折，都不要气馁，要相信自己足够好，努力成为一个更好的人。故填N matter what setbacks yu encunter, dn’t be discuraged. Believe that yu are gd enugh and wrk hard t becme a better persn.
（2024上·北京西城·高三统考期末）阅读下面短文，根据题目要求用英文回答问题。请在答题卡指定区域作答。
If yu’ve recently taken a flight frm a majr UK airprt, then yu may have nticed that mre peple are prtesting air travel expansin and encuraging peple t fly less. This is part f a larger envirnmental mvement sweeping acrss Eurpe. Knwn as Flygskam r “flight-shaming”, the mvement is encuraging peple t stp taking flights as a means f transprt and use mre envirnmentally friendly transprtatin where they can.
The aviatin (航空) currently accunts fr abut 2% f glbal emissins (排放) and is ne f the fastest-grwing plluters. Even wrse, unlike mst ther surces f pllutin, air travel results in pllutants released high up in the atmsphere.
Earlier this year, the UK gvernment prmised t reduce the UK’s emissins t “net zer” by 2050. Hwever, accrding t prjectins frm sme researchers, emissins frm the aviatin culd mre than duble by then even if planes becme substantially mre fuel-efficient. S, it’s unclear whether flying will be included in the UK’s target.
It’s hard t say exactly hw big the mvement is becming, but Flygskam has becme ppular in scial media. The number f Swedes taking the train fr dmestic jurneys has risen by 8% this year as plane jurneys inside the cuntry have fallen. Clearly, Flygskam is having a measurable impact n peple’s transprt chices. Sme peple, hwever, have been critical f the mvement because they say that it places blame r feelings f embarrassment nt the passengers when it is really the airlines and industries assciated with it wh shuld feel guilty fr the impact that they are having n the planet.
13．What is Flygskam?
14．Hw des flying influence the envirnment?
15．Please decide which part is false in the fllwing statement, then underline it and explain why.
Flygskam has attracted scial attentin and sme peple have already participated in this campaign, s it is widely accepted.
16．Besides what is mentined in the passage, what d yu think f the mvement f Flygskam? (In abut 40 wrds)
13．It is a mvement that encurages peple t stp taking flights as a means f transprt and use mre envirnmentally friendly transprtatin where they can.
14．It currently accunts fr abut 2% f the glbal emissins and is ne f the fastest-grwing plluters. Even wrse, air travel results in pllutants released high up in the atmsphere.
15．Flygskam has attracted scial atentin and sme peple have already participated in this campaign, s it is widely accepted.
Accrding t the passage, it is true that Flygskam has becme ppular, but sme peple are still critical f the mvement, s it is nt widely accepted.
16．I think the mvement may nt be feasible fr thse individuals wh have n viable alternatives t air travel. Nt everyne has access t efficient and affrdable alternative mdes f transprtatin, especially fr lng-distance r internatinal trips. (言之有理即可)
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了环保人士目前发起的一项“飞行羞耻”运动，包括该运动的内涵、针对的问题、未来航空业的发展走势，以及人们对该运动的反应。
13．细节理解题。根据第一段中“Knwn as Flygskam r “flight-shaming”, the mvement is encuraging peple t stp taking flights as a means f transprt and use mre envirnmentally friendly transprtatin where they can. (这项运动被称为Flygskam或“飞行羞耻”，它鼓励人们停止将飞机作为交通工具，尽可能地使用更环保的交通工具)”可知，Flygskam是一项鼓励人们停止将飞机作为交通工具，尽可能地使用更环保的交通工具的运动。故答案为：It is a mvement that encurages peple t stp taking flights as a means f transprt and use mre envirnmentally friendly transprtatin where they can.
14．细节理解题。根据第二段“The aviatin (航空) currently accunts fr abut 2% f glbal emissins (排放) and is ne f the fastest-grwing plluters. Even wrse, unlike mst ther surces f pllutin, air travel results in pllutants released high up in the atmsphere. (航空业目前约占全球排放量的2%，是增长最快的污染源之一。更糟糕的是，与大多数其他污染源不同，航空旅行导致污染物被释放到大气层的高处)”可知，飞行对于环境的影响在于它目前占全球排放量的2%左右，是增长最快的污染源之一。更糟糕的是，航空旅行导致污染物被释放到大气层的高处。故答案为：It currently accunts fr abut 2% f the glbal emissins and is ne f the fastest-grwing plluters. Even wrse, air travel results in pllutants released high up in the atmsphere.
15．细节理解题。根据最后一段中“It’s hard t say exactly hw big the mvement is becming, but Flygskam has becme ppular in scial media. The number f Swedes taking the train fr dmestic jurneys has risen by 8% this year as plane jurneys inside the cuntry have fallen. (很难说这场运动到底有多大，但Flygskam已经在社交媒体上很流行。今年乘坐火车进行国内旅行的瑞典人增加了8%，而国内飞机旅行的人数则有所下降)”和“Sme peple, hwever, have been critical f the mvement (然而，一些人对这一运动持批评态度)”可知，Flygskam确实很流行，有些人已经参与其中，但有些人仍然对这项运动持批评态度，所以它没有被广泛接受。故答案为：Flygskam has attracted scial atentin and sme peple have already participated in this campaign, s it is widely accepted. Accrding t the passage, it is true that Flygskam has becme ppular, but sme peple are still critical f the mvement, s it is nt widely accepted.
16．开放性试题。本题的答案不唯一，结合实际情况言之有理即可。例如，对于那些没有可行的替代航空旅行的人来说，这项运动可能不可行。不是每个人都能使用高效且负担得起的替代性交通方式，特别是长途或国际旅行。故答案可为：I think the mvement may nt be feasible fr thse individuals wh have n viable alternatives t air travel. Nt everyne has access t efficient and affrdable alternative mdes f transprtatin, especially fr lng-distance r internatinal trips.
（2024上·北京昌平·高三统考期末）阅读下面短文，根据题目要求用英文回答问题。请在答题卡指定区域作答。
When advising children and adlescents wh are learning t regulate their emtins, experts explain that hw they think affects hw they feel. After children learn t use sme basic techniques t regulate their emtins, a greater sense f internal cntrl arises. Thereafter, peple start t ntice the pwer they can feel in their minds by changing their thught patterns.
“I believe that changing ur thinking patterns helps engage different parts f the brain,” said Ran D．Anbar, the authr f Changing Children’s Lives with Hypnsis: A Jurney t the Center, “Fr instance, we may find urselves habitually thinking in a particular way that predictably makes us feel prly, fr example angry, anxius, r sad. Peple can becme angry when they feel that they have been treated prly r have nt gtten their way. The anger ccurs because the persn fcuses n the perceived (察觉到的) injustice. When we shift ur thinking, we can mre easily create new, healthier thught patterns.”
Fr instance, 14-year-ld “Sarah” became angry with her parents fr restricting her use f scial media. While discussing why her parents did s, Sarah recgnized that they were attempting t prtect her frm sme f the ill effects f verusing scial media. Sarah let g f her anger. She switched frm thinking abut her frustratin with her parents’ restrictins and instead fcused her thughts n hw t slve the dilemma (困境) regarding her veruse f scial media. She was able t recgnize that her parents were her valuable friends rather than her ppnents.
Frequently, peple explain t themselves and thers that their pr md is related t unfrtunate circumstances. While hlding such a belief, peple smetimes take cmfrt in the idea that since they cannt change their circumstances, there shuld be n expectatin that they take charge f imprving their feelings.
Hwever, as demnstrated in this pst, ur emtinal respnse t unfrtunate circumstances can be brught under ur cntrl and imprved thrugh a change in ur thinking patterns. Smetimes, that change can even help us figure ut new ways t act that als will imprve ur situatin.
17．What happens after children regulate their emtin?
18．Why des the authr mentin the example f Sarah in the 3rd paragraph?
19．Please decide which part is false in the fllwing statement, then underline it and explain why.
Peple always believe their pr md is due t unfrtunate circumstances, s they will try t change their situatin in rder t have a gd md.
20．Besides changing thinking patterns, d yu have ther way(s) t cntrl yur emtins? (In abut 40 wrds)
17．A greater sense f internal cntrl arises.
18．T shw when we shift ur thinking, we can mre easily create new, healthier thught patterns.
The authr mentins the example f Sara t shw when we shift ur thinking, we can mre easily create new, healthier thught patterns.
19．Peple always believe their pr md is due t unfrtunate circumstances, s they will try t change their situatin in rder t have a gd md.
Accrding t the passage, peple smetimes take cmfrt in the idea that since they cannt change their circumstances, there shuld be n expectatin that they take charge f imprving their feelings.
20．Engaging in exercising is anther gd way t cntrl my emtin. It can release natural gd chemicals in brain, which can help me relieve tensin and reduce feelings f sadness. Additinally, Exercising serve as a distractin frm negative thughts and emtins, allwing me t temprarily escape and find relief.(请根据学生答题情况酌情给分)
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章讲述的是改变思维模式可以帮助我们更好地应对困境，并改善情绪和处境。
17．考查细节理解。根据第一段的“After children learn t use sme basic techniques t regulate their emtins, a greater sense f internal cntrl arises. (在孩子们学会使用一些基本的技巧来调节他们的情绪之后，一种更大的内在控制感就会产生。)”可知，孩子们调节情绪后一种更大的内在控制感就会产生，故填A greater sense f internal cntrl arises.
18．考查推理判断。根据第三段的“Fr instance, 14-year-ld “Sarah” became angry with her parents fr restricting her use f scial media. While discussing why her parents did s, Sarah recgnized that they were attempting t prtect her frm sme f the ill effects f verusing scial media. Sarah let g f her anger. She switched frm thinking abut her frustratin with her parents’ restrictins and instead fcused her thughts n hw t slve the dilemma regarding her veruse f scial media. She was able t recgnize that her parents were her valuable friends rather than her ppnents.(例如，14岁的“莎拉”对父母限制她使用社交媒体感到愤怒。在讨论父母这样做的原因时，萨拉意识到他们是在试图保护她免受过度使用社交媒体的一些不良影响。萨拉不生气了。她不再去想父母的限制给她带来的挫败感，而是把注意力集中在如何解决自己过度使用社交媒体的困境上。她能够认识到她的父母是她宝贵的朋友，而不是她的对手。)”可知，莎拉通过改变自己思考问题的方式和角度使自己消除了消极情绪，因此作者在第三段中提到了Sarah的例子是为了表明当我们改变思维时，我们可以更容易地创造新的、更健康的思维模式。故填T shw when we shift ur thinking, we can mre easily create new, healthier thught patterns.
19．考查细节理解。根据第四段的“Frequently, peple explain t themselves and thers that their pr md is related t unfrtunate circumstances. While hlding such a belief, peple smetimes take cmfrt in the idea that since they cannt change their circumstances, there shuld be n expectatin that they take charge f imprving their feelings.(人们经常向自己和他人解释，他们的坏心情与不幸的环境有关。在持有这种信念的同时，人们有时会从这样的想法中得到安慰：既然他们无法改变自己的环境，就不应该期望他们负责改善自己的感受。)”可知，人们有时会认为既然他们无法改变自己的环境，这样想的话就会得到安慰，因此就不应该期望他们负责改善自己的感受，则所给句子中的“s they will try t change their situatin in rder t have a gd md (所以他们会试图改变他们的情况，以便有一个好心情)”这个描述是错误的，故填Peple always believe their pr md is due t unfrtunate circumstances, s they will try t change their situatin in rder t have a gd md. Accrding t the passage, peple smetimes take cmfrt in the idea that since they cannt change their circumstances, there shuld be n expectatin that they take charge f imprving their feelings.
20．开放试题，言之有理即可。通读全文可知，文章讲述的是情绪调节和思维模式的关系。它强调了人们的思维如何影响情绪，并提出通过改变思维模式可以更好地控制情绪，并找到解决问题的新途径。文章通过一个案例展示了这一点，告诉读者改变思维模式可以帮助我们更好地应对困境，并改善情绪和处境。此外，也可以通过运动的方式来调节情绪，锻炼是控制情绪的另一个好方法。它可以在大脑中释放出天然的好化学物质，帮助我缓解紧张情绪，减少悲伤情绪。此外，锻炼可以分散我对负面想法和情绪的注意力，让我暂时逃离并找到解脱，故填Engaging in exercising is anther gd way t cntrl my emtin. It can release natural gd chemicals in brain, which can help me relieve tensin and reduce feelings f sadness. Additinally, Exercising serve as a distractin frm negative thughts and emtins, allwing me t temprarily escape and find relief.
（2024上·北京房山·高三统考期末）阅读下面短文，根据题目要求用英文回答问题。
When trying t memrize new material, it’s easy t assume that the mre wrk yu put in, the better yu will perfrm. Yet taking the ccasinal rest time—t d nthing at all—may be exactly what yu need. Just dim (调暗) the lights, sit back, and enjy 10-15 minutes f quiet thinking, and yu’ll find that yur memry f the facts yu have just learnt is far better than if yu had attempted t use that mment mre prductively.
The remarkable memry-bsting benefits f undisturbed rest were first dcumented in1900 by the German psychlgist Gerg Elias Muller and his student Alfns Pilzecker. In ne f their many experiments n memry cnslidatin, Muller and Pilzecker first asked their participants t learn a list f meaningless syllables. Fllwing a shrt study perid half the grup were immediately given a secnd list t learn—while the rest were given a six-minute break befre cntinuing.
When tested ne-and-a-half hurs later, the tw grups shwed strikingly different patterns f recall. The participants given the break remembered nearly 50% f their list, cmpared t an average f 28%fr the grup wh had been given n time t recharge their mental batteries. The finding suggested that ur memry fr new infrmatin is especially weak just after it has first been memrised, making it mre sensitive t interference frm new infrmatin.
Taking regular perids f rest, withut distractin, culd help us all hld nt new material a little mre firmly. After all, fr many students, the 10-30% imprvements recrded in sme studies culd mark the difference between A grade r B．“I can imagine yu culd include these 10-15-minute breaks within a revisin perid,” says Aidan Hrner at the University f Yrk, “and that might be a useful way f making small imprvements t yur ability t remember later n.”
In the age f infrmatin verlad, it’s wrth remembering that ur smartphnes aren’t the nly thing that needs a regular recharge, ur minds clearly d t.
21．Accrding t the first paragraph, what is a gd way t bst memry while memrizing new material?
22．What did Gerg and Alfns’ finding suggest?
23．Please decide which part is false in the fllwing statement, then underline it and explain why.
▶T enhance the memry ability, Aidan Hrner encurages students t have breaks while taking exams.
24．Besides bsting yur memry, what else can yu d t imprve yur academic (学业的) perfrmance? (In abut 40 wrds)
21．①Taking the ccasinal rest time t d nthing at all (is a gd way t bst memry while memrizing new material) .
②Dimming the lights, sitting back, and enjying 10-15 minutes f quiet thinking (is a gd way t bst memry while memrizing new material) .或者 Just dim the lights, sit back, and enjy 10-15 minutes f quiet thinking, and yu'll find that yur memry f the facts yu have just learnt is far better (than if yu had attempted t use that mment mre prductively) .
22．The finding (或者Their finding) suggested that ur memry fr new infrmatin is especially weak just after it has first been memrized, making it mre sensitive t inter fence frm new infrmatin.
23．T enhance the memry ability, Aidan Hrner encurages students t have breaks (while) taking exams. Aidan Hrner encurages students t include 10-15-minute breaks within a revisin perid.或者“I can imagine yu culd include these 10-15-minute breaks within a revisin perid,” says Aidan Hrner at the University f Yrk, “and that might be a useful way f making small imprvements t yur ability t remember later n.”
24．Taking ntes and reviewing regularly is a useful way t imprve my academic perfrmance. I take ntes n all subjects everyday and I'm used t reviewing what I have learnt befre ding my hmewrk and every examinatin. I have benefited a lt frm this learning methd.
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了研究发现偶尔休息一下，什么都不做可以在记忆新材料的同时提高记忆力。文章解释了研究开展的经过以及研究的相关发现。
21．考查细节理解。根据第一段“When trying t memrize new material, it’s easy t assume that the mre wrk yu put in, the better yu will perfrm. Yet taking the ccasinal rest time—t d nthing at all—may be exactly what yu need. Just dim (调暗) the lights, sit back, and enjy 10-15 minutes f quiet thinking, and yu’ll find that yur memry f the facts yu have just learnt is far better than if yu had attempted t use that mment mre prductively.(在尝试记忆新材料时，很容易认为你投入的越多，你的表现就越好。然而，偶尔休息一下——什么都不做——可能正是你所需要的。把灯调暗，坐下来，享受10-15分钟的安静思考，你会发现你对刚学到的知识的记忆比你试图利用这段时间更有效地记忆要好得多)”可知，在记忆新材料的同时提高记忆力的好方法是①偶尔休息一下，什么都不做（是在记忆新材料的同时提高记忆力的好方法）。②调暗灯光，坐下来，享受10-15分钟的安静思考（是在记忆新材料的同时提高记忆力的好方法）。或者把灯调暗，坐下来，享受10-15分钟的安静思考，你会发现你对刚刚学到的知识的记忆要好得多(比你试图更有效地利用这段时间要好得多)。故答案为① Taking the ccasinal rest time t d nthing at all (is a gd way t bst memry while memrizing new material) .②Dimming the lights, sitting back, and enjying 10-15 minutes f quiet thinking (is a gd way t bst memry while memrizing new material) .或者 Just dim the lights, sit back, and enjy 10-15 minutes f quiet thinking, and yu’ll find that yur memry f the facts yu have just learnt is far better (than if yu had attempted t use that mment mre prductively).
22．考查细节理解。根据第三段“The finding suggested that ur memry fr new infrmatin is especially weak just after it has first been memrised, making it mre sensitive t interference frm new infrmatin.(这一发现表明，我们对新信息的记忆在刚被记住的时候特别弱，这使得它对新信息的干扰更加敏感)”可知，Gerg和Alfns的发现表明，我们对新信息的记忆在刚被记住的时候特别弱，这使得它对新信息的干扰更加敏感。故答案为The finding (或者Their finding) suggested that ur memry fr new infrmatin is especially weak just after it has first been memrized, making it mre sensitive t inter fence frm new infrmatin.
23．考查细节理解。根据倒数第二段““I can imagine yu culd include these 10-15-minute breaks within a revisin perid,” says Aidan Hrner at the University f Yrk, “and that might be a useful way f making small imprvements t yur ability t remember later n.”(约克大学的艾丹·霍纳说：“我可以想象，你可以在复习期间包括这些10-15分钟的休息时间，这可能是一种有用的方法，可以在以后的记忆能力上有所提高。”)”可知，错误的部分为“(while) taking exams”，艾丹·霍纳鼓励学生在复习期间休息10-15分钟。或者约克大学的艾丹·霍纳说：“我可以想象，你可以在复习期间包括这些10-15分钟的休息时间，这可能是一种有用的方法，可以让你以后的记忆能力得到小幅提高。”故答案为T enhance the memry ability, Aidan Hrner encurages students t have breaks (while) taking exams. Aidan Hrner encurages students t include 10-15-minute breaks within a revisin perid.或者“I can imagine yu culd include these 10-15-minute breaks within a revisin perid,” says Aidan Hrner at the University f Yrk, “and that might be a useful way f making small imprvements t yur ability t remember later n.”
24．考查开放题。根据“除了提高记忆力，你还能做些什么来提高学习成绩呢？”可回答“记笔记和定期复习是提高学习成绩的有效方法。我每天都做笔记，我习惯在做作业和每次考试之前复习我学过的东西。我从这种学习方法中获益良多”。故答案为Taking ntes and reviewing regularly is a useful way t imprve my academic perfrmance. I take ntes n all subjects everyday and I'm used t reviewing what I have learnt befre ding my hmewrk and every examinatin. I have benefited a lt frm this learning methd.
（2024上·北京丰台·高三统考期末）阅读下面短文，根据题目要求用英文回答问题。
The idim “N ‘I’ in Team” is based n a pun (双关语)-The wrd “team” des nt cntain the letter “i”, which highlights the idea that instead f fcusing n themselves as individuals, team members shuld wrk tgether t achieve their cmmn gals.
When it cmes t achieving success, there’s n denying that teamwrk plays a crucial rle. We’ve all been there-grup prjects at schl, wrking with clleagues at the ffice r playing sprts with teammates. A successful team agrees and sets gals based n utcmes and results t cmplete its tasks. It’s imprtant that each member knws the directin the team is wrking tward, their respnsibilities, and hw they aim t achieve the team’s cllective gals. It’s essential that grup members within the team share wrklads and help each ther t succeed.
Mstly, in typical wrkplace culture, being fcus n individual pursuits is cnsidered plain selfish, but is supprting individuals in their wn pursuits really anti-team? Evidence suggests that putting the “I” back int team can imprve wrkplace prductivity and emplyee engagement. In the 1990s the Harvard Business Schl did research, demnstrating the benefits f giving emplyees paid time t fllw their wn individual pursuits. Since then, sme ntable cmpanies have intrduced unstructured time int their wrkplaces.
Glbally, 85% f emplyees are disengaged in their wrk. In Daniel Pink’s bk Drive, he argues that the best way t mtivate emplyees is nt thrugh the carrt and stick apprach but rather thrugh allwing and enabling them t direct their wn lives. When teams understand what matters t the individuals within them, they are able t better empathize with each ther and have each thers’ backs.
There is an “I” in team and when we start t implement prgrams that supprt individuals in their pursuits, we may just find they are mre creative, mre engaged and mre prductive.
25．What idea des the idim “N ‘I’ in Team” highlight?
26．Why is it imprtant t put “I” back int team?
27．Please decide which part is false in the fllwing statement, then underline it and explain why.
Accrding t Danile Pink, the effective way t mtivate the 85% emplyees is t set the gal the cmpany wuld like their emplyees t achieve.
28．As an individual, hw can yu play yur rle in a team?
25．Instead f fcusing n themselves as individuals, team members shuld wrk tgether t achieve their cmmn gals.
26．It can imprve wrkplace prductivity and emplyee engagement.
27．Accrding t Danile Pink, the effective way t mtivate the 85% emplyees is t set the gal the cmpany wuld like their emplyees t achieve.
Accrding t Daniel Pink, the best way t mtivate emplyees is nt thrugh the carrt and stick apprach but rather thrugh allwing and enabling them t direct their wn lives.
28．As an individual in a team, I shuld firstly understand my rle within the team and wrk t achieve my duties t the best f my ability. Wrking well with thers is als imprtant because it shws that I’m cmmitted t achieving bth persnal and rganizatinal gals.
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了习语N ‘I’ in Team的意义，团队成员应该共同努力实现共同目标，而不是把注意力集中在个人身上。而现在有证据表明，把“我”放回团队可以提高工作场所的生产力和员工敬业度。
25．考查细节理解。根据第一段“The idim “N ‘I’ in Team” is based n a pun-The wrd “team” des nt cntain the letter “i”, which highlights the idea that instead f fcusing n themselves as individuals, team members shuld wrk tgether t achieve their cmmn gals.(习语“N ‘I’ in Team”基于双关语——team一词不包含字母i，这强调了团队成员应该共同努力实现共同目标，而不是把注意力集中在个人身上)”可知，N ‘I’ in Team强调了团队成员不应该把注意力集中在个人身上，而应该共同努力实现他们的共同目标。故答案为Instead f fcusing n themselves as individuals, team members shuld wrk tgether t achieve their cmmn gals.
26．考查细节理解。根据第二段“Evidence suggests that putting the “I” back int team can imprve wrkplace prductivity and emplyee engagement.(有证据表明，把“我”放回团队可以提高工作场所的生产力和员工敬业度)”可知，把“我”放回团队很重要，是因为这可以提高工作场所的生产力和员工敬业度。故答案为It can imprve wrkplace prductivity and emplyee engagement.
27．考查细节理解。根据第四段“In Daniel Pink’s bk Drive, he argues that the best way t mtivate emplyees is nt thrugh the carrt and stick apprach but rather thrugh allwing and enabling them t direct their wn lives.(在Daniel Pink的《驱动力》一书中，他认为激励员工的最佳方式不是胡萝卜加大棒的方法，而是允许并使他们能够指导自己的生活)”可知，“激励85%员工的有效方法是设定公司希望员工实现的目标”表述错误，Daniel Pink认为激励员工的最佳方式不是胡萝卜加大棒的方法，而是允许并使他们能够指导自己的生活。故答案为Accrding t Danile Pink, the effective way t mtivate the 85% emplyees is t set the gal the cmpany wuld like their emplyees t achieve.
Accrding t Daniel Pink, the best way t mtivate emplyees is nt thrugh the carrt and stick apprach but rather thrugh allwing and enabling them t direct their wn lives.
28．考查细节理解。根据第二段“It’s imprtant that each member knws the directin the team is wrking tward, their respnsibilities, and hw they aim t achieve the team’s cllective gals. It’s essential that grup members within the team share wrklads and help each ther t succeed.(重要的是，每个成员都知道团队的工作方向、他们的责任以及他们如何实现团队的集体目标。团队中的团队成员共享工作负载并相互帮助以取得成功是至关重要的)”可知，作为团队中的个人，要想在团队中发挥自己的作用，我应该首先了解自己在团队中的角色，并尽我所能履行职责。与他人良好合作也很重要，因为这表明我致力于实现个人和组织目标。故答案为As an individual in a team, I shuld firstly understand my rle within the team and wrk t achieve my duties t the best f my ability. Wrking well with thers is als imprtant because it shws that I’m cmmitted t achieving bth persnal and rganizatinal gals.
（2024上·北京大兴·高三统考期末）阅读下面短文，根据题目要求用英文回答问题。请在答题卡指定区域作答。
Millins f peple ver the age f 65 have been diagnsed with depressin, and many mre culd be suffering. There are varied factrs. Older peple are much mre likely t be alne, scially islated r feel a general lack f purpse. Smetimes lder peple have a much mre difficult time admitting mental health issues.
Early memry lss ften causes depressin, which can in turn make memry lss wrse. A patient with early memry lss and depressin really needs t be treated fr the depressin t slw the memry lss. A md change als can be a sign f depressin. If a previusly calm persn becmes increasingly bad-tempered, r a previusly clean persn n lnger bthers t shwer, that persn shuld be judged again.
Older adults see depressin as a weakness and tend t be annyed by a diagnsis f depressin. Therefre, dn’t tell peple f an lder generatin that yu think they may be depressed. Tell them yu’re wrried abut their health. Tell them they seem t be ut f srts, r seem tired, r unhappy. Say yu just want t check with the dctr t see what’s ging n. Once yu’ve used physical symptms t get that persn t agree t a check-up, mentin yur fears t the dctr and allw the dctr t apprach the subject f depressin with the patient.
If a parent r an lder lved ne has been diagnsed with depressin, the first thing peple shuld d is be aware that diagnsis is nt easily treated. The initial treatment may nt be effective. Therefre, patients and family members shuld be prepared t try different ways f dealing with the depressin. It’s als imprtant t encurage patients t stick with treatment — even if they start t feel better.
29．What factrs might lead t lder peple’s depressin besides early memry lss?
30．Why d patients with early memry lss and depressin really need t be treated?
31．Please decide which part is false in the fllwing statement, then underline it and explain why.
Peple diagnsed with depressin can reduce their treatment nce they start t feel better.
32．What will yu d if yu ntice that ne belved elderly uncle f yurs is bviusly depressed? Why?
29．Being alne, scially islated and feeling a lack f purpse.
30．Early memry lss and depressin cntribute t each ther. /Early memry lss can cause depressin, and depressin can in turn wrsen memry lss.
31．Peple diagnsed with depressin can reduce their treatment nce they start t feel better.
Accrding t the passage, depressin is nt easily treated medically, and it’s imprtant t encurage patients t stick with treatment — even if they have started t feel better.
32．I will tell him that I’m wrried abut his health due t his physical symptms and suggest that he g fr a medical check-up, rather than telling him flatly that he might be suffering frm depressin, as lder adults tend t see depressin as a sign f weakness.
【导语】本文为一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了如何帮助老年人应对抑郁症的问题。
29．考查细节理解。根据文章第一段“Millins f peple ver the age f 65 have been diagnsed with depressin, and many mre culd be suffering. There are varied factrs. Older peple are much mre likely t be alne, scially islated r feel a general lack f purpse.(数百万65岁以上的人被诊断患有抑郁症，还有更多的人可能正在遭受痛苦。有各种各样的因素。老年人更有可能孤独、被社会孤立，或者感到普遍缺乏目标。)”可知，有可能孤独、被社会孤立，或者感到普遍缺乏目标都是老年人患上抑郁症的原因。故答案为Being alne, scially islated and feeling a lack f purpse.
30．考查细节理解。根据文章第二段“Early memry lss ften causes depressin, which can in turn make memry lss wrse. A patient with early memry lss and depressin really needs t be treated fr the depressin t slw the memry lss.(早期失忆往往会导致抑郁，而抑郁又会使失忆恶化。患有早期记忆丧失和抑郁症的患者确实需要接受抑郁症治疗，以减缓记忆丧失。)”可知，早期记忆丧失和抑郁症患者需要接受治疗是因为早期记忆丧失和抑郁是相互促进的，早期记忆丧失会导致抑郁，而抑郁又会加重记忆丧失。故答案为Early memry lss and depressin cntribute t each ther. /Early memry lss can cause depressin, and depressin can in turn wrsen memry lss.
31．考查细节理解。根据文章最后一段“Therefre, patients and family members shuld be prepared t try different ways f dealing with the depressin. It’s als imprtant t encurage patients t stick with treatment—even if they start t feel better.(因此，患者和家属应该准备尝试不同的方法来处理抑郁症。鼓励病人坚持治疗也很重要——即使他们开始感觉好多了。)”可知，对于抑郁症患者而言，坚持治疗很重要，即使他们开始感觉好多了。由此可知，原句“Peple diagnsed with depressin can reduce their treatment nce they start t feel better.”中“Peple diagnsed with depressin can reduce their treatment nce they start t feel better.”划线部分表述错误。故答案为Accrding t the passage, depressin is nt easily treated medically, and it’s imprtant t encurage patients t stick with treatment — even if they have started t feel better.
32．考查推理判断。根据原文第三段“Older adults see depressin as a weakness and tend t be annyed by a diagnsis f depressin. Therefre, dn’t tell peple f an lder generatin that yu think they may be depressed. Tell them yu’re wrried abut their health. Tell them they seem t be ut f srts, r seem tired, r unhappy. Say yu just want t check with the dctr t see what’s ging n. Once yu’ve used physical symptms t get that persn t agree t a check-up, mentin yur fears t the dctr and allw the dctr t apprach the subject f depressin with the patient.(老年人认为抑郁症是一种弱点，往往对抑郁症的诊断感到恼火。因此，不要告诉老一辈的人你认为他们可能是抑郁的。告诉他们你担心他们的健康。告诉他们他们似乎心情不好，或者看起来很累，或者不开心。说你只是想和医生确认一下发生了什么。一旦你用身体上的症状让那个人同意做检查，把你的恐惧告诉医生，让医生和病人一起讨论抑郁症的问题。)”可知，老年人认为抑郁症是一种弱点，因此不要告诉老人他们可能抑郁，应该告诉他们自己的担忧，并建议他们去体检。故答案为 I will tell him that I’m wrried abut his health due t his physical symptms and suggest that he g fr a medical check-up, rather than telling him flatly that he might be suffering frm depressin, as lder adults tend t see depressin as a sign f weakness.
（2024上·北京朝阳·高三统考期末）阅读下面短文，根据题目要求用英文回答问题。请在答题卡指定区域作答。
Jkes and humr are ften cnsidered unimprtant. This is understandable: they are, by definitin, nt serius. Yet jkes and humr are beneficial fr health thrugh their stress-relieving prperties. Fr example, they can stimulate bld circulatin and aid muscle relaxatin, bth f which can help reduce stress.
But why d we respnd, in pwerful and rewarding ways, t things that are bjectively meaningless? Scientists have spent years studying hw humr wrks in the brain and n the varius types f jkes that prduce it.
Puns, the mst familiar type f jkes, are where specific elements f language cnvey different meanings at nce. Fr example, “Why did the glfer wear tw pairs f trusers? In case he gt a hle in ne.” “Here” hle in ne has tw pssible interpretatins: ne pair is damaged r smene’s ball ges int the hle the first time he hit it. We may nt actually laugh at them, but their simplicity and familiarity make mst peple recgnize the humr in puns. Therefre, the brain’s humr prcesses are still engaged.
Hw des humr arise frm the brain? Our brains have develped a system t recgnize when things dn’t match expectatins. If nrmality is verturned, it means we dn’t knw what’s ging t happen, which creates tensin. Hwever, the system that recgnizes incngruity (不一致) als reslves it, by prviding an explanatin, r at least a cnfirmatin that the incngruity has n negative cnsequences. This remves the uncertainty, easing the tensin. After that, we learn smething new and expand ur mental mdel, experiencing a rewarding feeling.
Basically, thanks t these cmplex systems in ur brains, humr cmes frm smething being surprising, unexpected r wrng in sme way, as lng as the incngruity is reslved withut negative cnsequences. If the incngruity is nt reslved, humr is absent. If the answer t “Why did the glfer wear tw pairs f trusers?” is “in case the metal eagle that lives in his gld bag attacks him”, that’s nt funny. This wuld explain why unreal humr is ften hard t get right.
33．What is the benefit f jkes and humr?
34．Why can peple recgnize the humr in puns?
35．Please decide which part is false in the fllwing statement, then underline it and explain why.
>Peple can wrk ut humr frm smething being surprising, unexpected r wrng in sme way, as lng as the incngruity remains unslved.
36．Apart frm the benefit mentined in the passage, what ther benefit(s)can yu get frm humr? (In abut 40 wrds)
33．Jkes and humr are beneficial fr health thrugh their stress-relieving prperties.
34．Because f puns’ simplicity and familiarity.
35．Peple can wrk ut humr frm smething being surprising, unexpected r wrng in sme way, as lng as the incngruity remains unslved.
36．Having a gd sense f humr can imprve my cmmunicatin skills. It can help me express myself mre effectively and cnnect with thers. Besides, using humr requires me t take sudden shifts in perspective r thinking patterns, which helps bst my creativity.
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章讲述了笑话和幽默对健康有益处，能缓解压力。同时，文章还解释了幽默是如何在大脑中产生的。
33．考查细节理解。根据第一段中“Yet jkes and humr are beneficial fr health thrugh their stress-relieving prperties.( 然而，笑话和幽默通过它们缓解压力的特性对健康有益)”可知，笑话和幽默通过它们缓解压力的特性对健康有益。故答案为Jkes and humr are beneficial fr health thrugh their stress-relieving prperties.
34．考查细节理解。根据第三段中“We may nt actually laugh at them, but their simplicity and familiarity make mst peple recgnize the humr in puns. (我们可能不会真的嘲笑它们，但它们的简单和熟悉使大多数人认识到双关语中的幽默)”可知，人们能认出双关语中的幽默是因为双关语的简单和熟悉。故答案为Because f puns’ simplicity and familiarity.
35．考查细节理解。根据最后一段中“Basically, thanks t these cmplex systems in ur brains, humr cmes frm smething being surprising, unexpected r wrng in sme way, as lng as the incngruity is reslved withut negative cnsequences.(基本上，多亏了我们大脑中这些复杂的系统，幽默来自于某种出人意料、意外或错误的事物，只要不一致之处得到了解决而不会带来负面后果)”可知，只要不一致之处得到了解决而不会带来负面后果，某些令人惊讶、意想不到或错误的事情则会产生幽默。原句题干“Peple can wrk ut humr frm smething being surprising, unexpected r wrng in sme way, as lng as the incngruity remains unslved.(人们可以从一些令人惊讶的、意想不到的或错误的事情中找到幽默，只要不协调的地方没有被解决)”中的后半句as lng as the incngruity remains unslved与原文表达信息不一致，文章中指出只要不一致之处得到了解决而不会带来负面后果，某些令人惊讶、意想不到或错误的事情则会产生幽默，而此处强调的是故是只要不协调的地方没有被解决。故答案为：Peple can wrk ut humr frm smething being surprising, unexpected r wrng in sme way, as lng as the incngruity remains unslved.
36．开放性题目。根据题干“Apart frm the benefit mentined in the passage, what ther benefit(s)can yu get frm humr?( 除了文中提到的好处，你还能从幽默中得到什么好处？)”可知，本人认为有良好的幽默感可以提高我的沟通能力。它可以帮助我更有效地表达自己，并与他人联系。此外，运用幽默需要我突然转变观点或思维模式，这有助于提高我的创造力。故答案为Having a gd sense f humr can imprve my cmmunicatin skills. It can help me express myself mre effectively and cnnect with thers. Besides, using humr requires me t take sudden shifts in perspective r thinking patterns, which helps bst my creativity.
（2024上·北京·高三统考期末）阅读下面短文, 根据题目要求用英文回答问题。
Egcentrism is the inability t accurately understand any perspective ther than ne’s wn. T thse wh are egcentric, there are tw types f pinins: “mine and the wrng nes”.
Egcentrism is very unpleasant. Suffering frm it, peple ften find themselves in a situatin f cnflict r lneliness because they d nt recgnize the rights f thers t their persnal feelings, desires, and interests. They als fail t lk at circumstances frm the ther persn’s side.
Humanity must vercme it t see a hlistic (全面的) picture f the wrld and bjectively assess situatins. It is essential t be a fair-minded individual since egcentrism is a quality that is nt easy t live with, making it hard fr us t interact with peple and mve frward.
Actually, vercming this disturbing quality has always been my pursuit. The main gal in my life is based n the search fr inner balance, harmny, psitivity, and the right attitude t life cases. Thus, I will be able t imprve my life and help ther peple in the practice f this aspect. Mrever, I ften remind myself t accept differences and remember that a crrect attitude t different persnalities, their preferences, and interests leads t success in any tasks.
The frmatin and develpment f a fair mind can be practiced almst everywhere. Fr example, in a grcery stre, we need t put urselves in the place f the seller’s and shuld nt immediately take ffense and argue when we are given an unripe banana r burnt bread. It is imprtant t remember that a seller is nt bliged t play alng at all; this is the same persn with his unique nature.
Nt everyne agrees with everyne else, but if yu abslutely refuse t cnsider anther persn’s perspective, that’s when egcentrism becmes a serius cncern. S why nt try t crrect this behavir and be mre fair-minded?
37．What is egcentrism?
38．Why des egcentrism ften lead t cnflicts?
39．Please decide which part is false in the fllwing statement, then underline it and explain why.
Egcentrism becmes a prblem when smene desn’t agree with thers.
40．Please share ne f yur wn experiences abut yur practicing being fair-minded. (In abut 40 wrds)
37．It is the inability t accurately understand any perspective ther than ne’s wn.
38．Because peple (suffering frm it) d nt recgnize the rights f thers t their persnal feelings, desires, and interests.
39．Egcentrism becmes a prblem when smene desn’t agree with thers. Egcentrism becmes a prblem if/when yu abslutely refuse t cnsider anther persn’s perspective.
40．When in Grade 10, I had a debate with my parents ver the curfew. Initially, I screamed fr mre freedm. Hwever, upn attempting t see the matter frm their perspective, I fully understd their cncerns abut my safety. Frm then n, I never return hme later than nine ’clck.
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要解释了什么是自我中心主义、特点以及如何克服这种问题。
37．考查细节理解。根据第一段“Egcentrism is the inability t accurately understand any perspective ther than ne’s wn.(自我中心主义是不能准确地理解除了自己以外的任何观点)”可知，自我中心主义是不能准确地理解除自己外任何人的观点。故答案为It is the inability t accurately understand any perspective ther than ne’s wn.
38．考查细节理解。根据第二段“Suffering frm it, peple ften find themselves in a situatin f cnflict r lneliness because they d nt recgnize the rights f thers t their persnal feelings, desires, and interests.(有这种情况的人经常发现自己处于冲突或孤独的境地，因为他们不承认他人对自己的个人感受、欲望和利益的权利)”可知，自我中心主义经常导致冲突是因为他们不承认别人对个人感情、欲望和利益的权利。故答案为Because peple (suffering frm it) d nt recgnize the rights f thers t their persnal feelings, desires, and interests.
39．考查细节理解。根据最后一段“Nt everyne agrees with everyne else, but if yu abslutely refuse t cnsider anther persn’s perspective, that’s when egcentrism becmes a serius cncern.(不是每个人都同意其他人的观点，但如果你绝对拒绝考虑别人的观点，那就是自我中心主义成为一个严重问题的时候)”可知，错误的部分为“when smene desn’t agree with thers”，因为如果/当你绝对拒绝考虑别人的观点，自我中心主义就会成为一个问题。故答案为Egcentrism becmes a prblem when smene desn’t agree with thers. Egcentrism becmes a prblem if/when yu abslutely refuse t cnsider anther persn’s perspective.
40．考查开放题。根据题干“请分享一个你自己练习公正的经验”可回答“十年级的时候，我和父母就宵禁的问题发生了争论。起初，我大声疾呼要更多的自由。然而，当我试图从他们的角度来看这件事时，我完全理解他们对我安全的担忧。从那时起，我回家从不晚于9点。”故答案为When in Grade 10, I had a debate with my parents ver the curfew. Initially, I screamed fr mre freedm. Hwever, upn attempting t see the matter frm their perspective, I fully understd their cncerns abut my safety. Frm then n, I never return hme later than nine ’clck.