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初中英语动词搭配固定短语知识点汇总
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这是一份初中英语动词搭配固定短语知识点汇总,共24页。
英语常用动词搭配
1. 动词后接t d
ask sb. t d sth.请(叫)某人做某事
tell sb t d sth 告诉某人做某事
rder sb t d sth. 命令某人做某事
want sb t d sth. 想要做某事
help sb. (t) d sth. 帮助某人做某事
wish sb t d sth. 希望某人做某事
wuld like t d sth. 想要做某事
invite sb. t d sth. 邀请某人做某事
drive sb. t d sth .驱使某人做某事
expect sb. t d sth. 期待某人做某事
frbid sb. t d sth. 制止某人做某事
frce sb. t d sth. 强迫某人做某事
hpe t d sth. 希望做某事
ffer t d sth. 主动提出做某事
plan t d sth. 计划做某事
prepare t d sth. 预备做某事
pretend t d sth. 假装做某事
prmise t d sth. 许诺做某事
decide t d sth. 决定做某事
refuse t d sth. 拒绝做某事
fail t d sth. 未能做某事
happen t d sth. 碰巧做某事
need sb t d sth 需要某人做某事
2. 动词后接 ing
cnsider ding sth. 考虑做某事
enjy ding sth. 喜欢做某事
escape ding sth. 逃脱做某事
feel like ding sth. 想要做某事
finish ding sth. 完成做某事
give up ding sth. 放弃做某事
imagine ding sth. 想象做某事
mind ding sth. 介意做某事
practice ding sth. 练习做某事
prevent ding sth. 阻止做某事
put ff ding sth. 推迟做某事
risk ding sth. 冒险做某事
frbid ding sth. 制止做某事
frgive ding sth. 原谅做某事
stp sb.frm ding 阻止某人做某事
appreciate ding sth. 感激做某事
suggest ding sth. 建议做某事
be/get used t ding sth. 习惯做某事
pay attentin t ding 注意做某事
avid ding 避免做某事
3. 动词后既接 t又接 ing
(1) remember t d sth. 记得要做某事
remember ding sth. 记得做过某事
frget t d sth. 忘记要做某事
frget ding sth. 忘记做过某事
(3) regret t d sth. 遗憾要做某事
regret ding sth. 遗憾做过某事
(4) try t d sth. 尽力做某事
try ding sth. 试着做某事
stp t d sth. 停下来去做某事
stp ding sth. 停止做(正在做的)某事
(6) mean t d sth. 打算做某事
mean ding sth. 意味着做某事
(7) can’t help t d sth. 不能帮助做某事
can’t help ding sth. 情不自禁做某事
(8) g n/cntinue t d sth. 继续做另一件事
g n/cntinue ding sth. 继续做同一件事
(9) like/lve/hate t d sth 具体活动(一次性)
like/lve/hate ding sth 表示习惯(一贯性)
(10) need/want t d sth. 想要做某事(主动)
need/want ding sth. 想要被做(被动)
(11) allw sb. t d sth. 允许某人做某事
allw ding sth 允许做某事
(12) advise sb. t d sth. 建议某人做某事
advise ding sth. 建议做某事
(13) encurage sb. t d sth. 鼓励某人做某事
encurage ding sth. 鼓励做某事
(14) permit sb t d sth 允许某人做某事
permit ding sth 允许做某事
4. 动词后接动词原形d
(1) let sb. d sth. 让某人做某事
(2) make sb. d sth. 使某人做某事
=make sth dne
have sb. d sth. 使某人做某事
=have sth dne
see sb. d sth. 看见某人做过某事
see sb. ding 看见某人正在做某事
hear sb. d sth. 听见某人做过某事
hear sb. ding 听见某人正在做某事
find sb. d sth. 发现某人做过某事
find sb. ding sth. 发现某人正在做某事
watch sb. d sth. 察看某人做某事
had batter d sth. 最好做某事
5. 接双宾语
双宾语易位时需借助介词t的常用动词(多表示动词的方向)
bring sb. sth. = bring sth. t sb. 把某物带给某人
hand sb. sth. =hand sth. t sb. 把某物递给某人
lend sb. sth. = lend sth. t sb. 把某物借给某人
mail sb. sth. = mail sth. t sb. 把某物寄给某人
ffer sb. sth. = ffer sth. t sb. 将某物给某人
pass sb. sth. = pass sth. t sb. 把某物递给某人
pay sb. sth. = pay sth. t sb. 付给某人某物(钱)
read sb. sth. = read sth. t sb. 把某物读给某人听
return sb. sth. = return sth. t sb. 把某物还给某人
sell sb. sth. = sell sth. t sb. 把某物卖给某人
send sb. sth. = send sth. t sb. 把某物送给某人
shw sb. sth. = shw sth. t sb. 拿某物给某人看
take sb. sth. = take sth. t sb. 把某物拿给某人
teach sb. sth. = teach sth. t sb. 教某人某物
tell sb. sth. = tell sth. t sb. 告诉某人某情况
thrw sb. sth. = thrw sth. t sb. 把某物扔给某人
write sb. sth. = write sth. t sb. 给某人写信
双宾语易位时需借助介词fr的常用动词(多表示动词的目的)
bk sb. sth. = bk sth. fr sb. 为某人预定某物
buy sb. sth. = buy sth. fr sb. 为某人买某物
chse sb. sth. = chse sth. fr sb. 为某人选某物
ck sb. sth. = ck sth. fr sb. 为某人煮某物
draw sb. sth. = draw sth. fr sb. 为某人画某物
find sb. sth. = find sth. fr sb. 为某人找到某物
get sb. sth. = get sth. fr sb. 为某人拿来某物
make sb. sth. = make sth. fr sb. 为某人做某物
rder sb. sth. = rder sth. fr sb. 为某人订购某物
pick sb. sth. = pick sth. fr sb. 为某人采摘某物
prepare sb. sth. = prepare sth. fr sb. 为某人准备某物
save sb. sth. = save sth. fr sb. 为某人留某物
sing sb. sth. = sing sth. fr sb. 为某人唱某物(歌)
steal sb. sth. = steal sth. fr sb. 为某人偷某物 常用动词短语整理
6. Be 动词结构
be able t d 能够做……
be afraid t d (内心)害怕\不敢做某事
be afraid f ding担心出现ding的状况、结果
be angry with 对……生气
be at hme = stay at hme 待在家里
be back/in/ut 回来/在家/外出
be bad fr 对……有害
be busy ding/with sth忙于做……(忙于……)
be careful f 当心,注意,仔细
be cvered with 被……覆盖
be different frm与……不同
be famus/knwn as 作为……出名
be famus/knwn fr 以……而著名
be free 空闲的,有空
be friendly/kind t对……友好
be frm = cme frm 来自…,什么地方人
be full f/filled with装满……
be gd at= d well in 擅长于…
be gd fr对……有好处
be (ill) in bed 卧病在床
be interested in 对……感兴趣
be in truble 处于困境中
be late fr 迟到
be mad at 对……生气
be made frm/f 由……制成
be made in 在……地方制造
be made up f由……构成
be n 在进行,在上演,(灯)亮着
be pleased with对…感到高兴
be plite/implite t对某人有礼貌/不礼貌
be ppular with受……欢迎;
be prud f对……感到自豪
be ready fr 为……作好准备
be satisfied with对……感到满意(高兴)
be surprised (at) 对……感到惊讶
be strict in sth.对某事严格
be strict with sb.对某人严格
be suppsed t d sth.应该做某事
be used fr ding被用来做某事
be used t d被用来做某事
be used t ding 习惯于
be wrried abut =be anxius abut 担忧
7.短语(首字母排列)
aim at 针对…
agree with sb. 同意某人的意见或建议
ask fr请求、索要
ask fr a day ff请一天假
add…t…把…和…加起来
achieve a victry取得胜利
arrive in到达﹙大地方﹚
arrive at到达﹙小地方﹚
argue with 与…争吵
aplgize t 向…道歉
break up with sb.与某人断绝关系
break ut 爆发
break dwn 出毛病,拆开
break ff解散,解雇
break the rule违规
break int破门而入
believe in信任
begin/start with以…开始
belng t属于…
built…int…把…建成…
base n以…为基础
brrw… frm…向…借……
cme int being形成、出现
cme true 实现
cme fr a visit来参观
cme n 快,走吧,跟我来
cme back回来
cme t d sth.逐渐做某事
cme abut 发生
cme frm来自…
cme up with 提出主意想法
cme alng出现、发生
cme ver过来
cme int进入…里
cme in 进来
cme ut出来,出现,出版
cme ut f从…里出来
catch up with 赶上…
catch a fire着火
catch hld f抓住…
catch a bus赶公共汽车
cut up 切碎
cut in half 切成半
cut ff切断﹙电源、水源﹚
cut in line插队
care fr关心、关爱
care abut在意
call fr号召
call back回电话
call at sp. 拜访某地
call n sb.拜访某人
call ut呼喊
call up给…打电话
call sb. at sme number给某人打某个号码
calm dwn 镇静下来
cmmunicate with 与…交流
cmplain abut 抱怨…
can’ t wait t d sth.迫不及待做某事
clean up 清理、打扫干净
carry ut 执行
cnnect …t… 把…和…连起来
chat n line网上聊天
check ver检查
drp by 顺便拜访
drp ut f schl辍学
drp litter丢垃圾
d an experiment 做实验
d an peratin n sb. 给某人做手术
d sth. in persn亲自做某事
d business做生意
d exercise 做操
d with=deal with处理
d wrng 做错事
d ne’s hmewrk =d ne’lessn做作业
d sme sprts做运动
d mrning exercises 做早操
d well in做得好,擅长于
d the dishes 洗餐具
d ne’s best t d sth.尽力做某事
d sme cleaning 扫除
d sme reading读书
d sme shpping购物
d sme cking做饭
d the laundry洗衣服
d sme chres做杂务
disagree with sb. 不同意某人意见
describe…as…把…描绘为…
die f 死于﹙直接内因,如疾病、饥渴﹚
die frm死于﹙间接外因,如车祸、天灾﹚
die ut 灭绝
drive sb. crazy使某人发疯
drive t…开车去…
divide…int…把…分成…
depend n依赖…
decide n sth. 对……做决定
dry ut干涸
dry up 烘干
dream f 梦想…
draw up起草、拟定
dress up 装扮、打扮
e-mail sb.给某人发电子邮件
enjy neself 玩得愉快
enjy ding sth. 喜欢做某事
end up ding sth.结束做某事
explain t sb sth=explain sth. t sb. 向某人解释某事
eat up吃光
fall behind落后
fall ff 从……掉下
fall dwn 滑到,倒下(后接宾语要加frm)
fall ver向前摔倒、跌倒
fall int 落入;陷入
fall ill病倒
fall asleep入睡
fall in lve with爱上、迷恋
fight against与…作斗争
fllw the rules 遵守规则
fail the exam考试不及格
find ut查明﹙原因、真相﹚
feel like ding 想做某事
fly a kite 放风筝
fly t乘飞机去…
fit int … 适应…
fill in =fill ut 填充填写
fill…with…用…填…
feel srry fr因…而难过
fld the clthes叠衣服
get n 上﹙车、船、飞机等﹚
get ff下﹙车、船、飞机等﹚
get up起来、起床
get gd grades 取得好成绩
get ver 客服
get rid f 除掉…
get t到达
get ut f 从…里出来
get int 进入
get in the way f妨碍
get tgether 聚会
get int truble陷入困境
get ut f truble 脱离困境
get used t﹙ding﹚sth.习惯﹙做﹚某事
get t d sth.着手做某事
get ready fr为…做准备
get sb. int truble使某人陷入困境
get away frm远离…
get a sre back 背痛
get back t sb. 过会儿与某人通话﹙打电话用语﹚
get n/alng well with 与相处…融洽
get t knw认识
get married t与某人结婚
get in tuch with 与…取得联系
g ahead 先走,向前走,去吧,干吧
g t… 去…
g hme 回家
g ut 出去
g ut fr…出去做…
g dwn/alng 沿着…走
g t schl上学
g t the dctr’去医务室
g t the cinema 去看电影
g acrss…穿过…﹙平面﹚
g t wrk上班
g bad变坏
g by流逝﹙时间﹚
g ne’s wn way走自己的路
g fr a walk 去散步
g sightseeing去观光
g away 走开
g t sleep 入睡
g t bed 上床睡觉
g n with继续…
g shpping 去购物
g hiking 去远足
g abrad 出国
g ver复习
g dwnstairs/upstairs下楼/上楼
g n a trip 去旅游
give in﹙ding﹚sth.屈服﹙做﹚某事
give up﹙ding﹚sth.放弃﹙做﹚某事
give away 赠送
give ut 颁发
give back 归还
give ff 发出﹙气味、烟雾等﹚
give sb. sme advice给某人提建议
give a talk作报告
give lessns t sb. 给某人上课
give sb. a gd beating 好好教训某人一下
give sb. a hand 帮某人忙
grw up 长大
have a gd time 玩得愉快
have a discussin 进行讨论
have a party 举行聚会
have a meeting 开会
have nthing t d with与…无关
have truble with sth. 做某事有困难
have difficulty/ truble ding sth. 费力做某事
have fun玩得愉快
have a fever 发烧
have a cld 感冒
have a cugh 咳嗽
have a stamachache胃痛
have fun ding sth.愉快地做某事
have a match 举行比赛
have a fight with与…比赛、斗争
have n idea f 不知道…
have a hard time ding sth. 艰难地做某事 have sth. t d with 与…有关
have an accident 发生事故
have breakfast/lunch/supper 吃早、午、晚饭
have class上课
have water喝水
have a cnversatin with 与…会话
have a lk at 看一下…
have a talk with与…谈话
have a prblem with做某事有疑难
have a gd trip路途愉快
have a try 试一下
have a laugh at 嘲笑.…
have a pity n sb.同情某人
have a rest 休息一下
have a wrd with 与……谈几句话
hear f 听说
hear frm 收到…的来信
hands up举手
hand in上交
hand ut分发
hld up 抓住、握住
hld a meeting 举行会议
hld an exhibitin举行展览
happen t d sth.恰巧做某事
hurry up 赶快
hurry ff 匆忙离开
help neself t sth. 随便用…
help sb. with sth.帮助某人做某事
It’s ne’s turn t d sth. 轮到某人做某事
invite sb. t d sth.邀请某人做某事
insist n ding sth..坚持做某事
jin in 穿着
jin tgether团结起来
jin the army 参军
jin the party入党
keep(stay)away frm 远离
keep ut不让进入
keep dwn 压低﹙音量等﹚
keep a pet 饲养宠物
keep in gd md 保持好心情
keep n ding一直做某事
keep healthy保持健康
keep in gd health保持健康
keep up with跟上…
keep sb. ding sth. 使某人一直做某事
keep ff 防御
keep in tuch with与…保持联系
knck at=knck n敲…
knck int撞到某人身上
learn…by neself 自学…
learn…frm …向…学习
learn…by heart 记住…
leave fr离开去某处
leave sth. smewhere 把某物忘在某处
leave schl毕业
leave ne by neself 把某人单独留下
leave a message fr sb.给某人留个口信
lead t导致
live n…以…为生
live a happy life 过着幸福的生活
lk after照看…
lk fr 寻找…
lk dwn n 藐视…
lk up查找﹙字词等﹚
lk ver检查﹙身体等﹚
lk frward t盼望…
lk n …as 把看作…
lk at看…
lk like 看起来像…
lk arund环顾
lk ut当心
lk ut f 向…外面看
lk thrugh 浏览
lk the same 看起来一样
lk inside向…里面看
laugh at嘲笑
lse tuch with与…失去联系
let sb. in 让某人进去
lie dwm躺下
make sb. feel at hme使某人感到宾至如归 make ne’s mind t d sth. 决心做某事
make a face=make faces 做鬼脸
make mney挣钱
make fl f sb.愚弄某人
make a jurney旅行
make prgress 取得进步
make a cuntributin t为…做贡献
make a nise 吵闹
make a fire 生火
make a mistake 犯错误
make…f…由…制作…﹙看出原材料﹚
make…frm…由…制作…﹙看不出原材料﹚
make up编造,虚构,打扮,构成,组成
make up f… 由…组成
make a plan 定计划
make ne’s bed 整理床铺
make a reprt 编写报告
make sure f确信…
make use f 利用…
make a sentence with用…造句
make a decisin做出决定
make neself understd 表达自己的意思
make a survey f 调查…
make preparatin fr 为…做准备
make friends with与……交朋友
make a living谋生
majr in专修
match …with … 把…和…搭配起来
mve t搬到…
mistake…fr…把…错认为…
meet with 遇到﹙困难、麻烦等﹚
mix up混合
name sb./sth.X把某人/某物叫做X
rder sb. t d sth.命令某人做某事
pen up完全打开
play ftball 踢足球
play chess 下棋
play cards打牌
play bridge打桥牌
play the guitar 弹吉他
play the vilin弹小提琴
play sprts 做运动
play games 玩游戏
play with 玩耍…
play jkes n sb.对某人开玩笑
play the CD.播放
play the music 播放音乐
play a part in在…中扮演角色
play a rle f 扮演…的角色
play against与…比赛
play hide-and-seek捉迷藏
pay fr付…款
pay attentin t 注意…
pass by 路过…
put n 穿上、上映
put dwn 写下
put away把…收拾起来
put…int… 把…放入…里
put up 举起、张贴
put ut 熄灭
put ff 推迟
put back 放回
prevent sb.﹙frm﹚ding sth.阻止某人做某事 prefer t d rather than d与做另一件事相比更喜欢做某事
prefer﹙ding﹚sth. t ﹙ding﹚sth. 与…相比更喜欢…
pint t 指向
pin at 指着
pint ut指出
practice ding sth.练习做某事
pick up 拾起,接人,站起,收听
run away 逃跑
run after 追赶
run ut f 用光、从…里跑出来
run ver t… 跑过去到…
read sth. t sb. 把某物读给某人听
read sth. fr sb. 替某人读某物
receive a letter frm… 收…到来信
rain heavily 下大雨
ride a bike骑自行车
rise up升起
raise mney 筹集资金
refer t涉及、提到
regard… as…把…看作…
reach ut 伸出﹙手等﹚
send up发射
send an e-mail 发送电子邮件
send fr…派人请…
send…fr…派…请…
send int 送入…里
send away驱逐
send ff解雇
send ut 发出,发出,派遣
shake hands with与…握手
stick…int…把…插入…里
stick ding sth.坚持做某事
stp sb. frm ding sth.阻止某人做某事
stare at 盯着…
sell ut买光
see a dctr 看医生
see sb. ff为某人送行
see a film 看电影
say gdbye t sb.向某人告别
say hell t sb.向某人问好
set up 竖立、建造
set up ne’s mind n sth.全神贯注于…
set ff 出发,动身,使爆炸,引起
set ut 出发,启程,开始,着手
set an example fr 为……树立榜样
speak f 讲到
speak highly f 称颂…
search fr 搜索,寻找
start t d sth.着手做某事
start with …以…开始
spend﹙time/mney﹚n sth.= spend﹙time/mney﹚﹙in﹚ding sth.花费﹙时间/金钱﹚做某事
spend time with sb. 和某人呆在一起
srt…int…把…划分成…
shw sb. arund smewhere领某人参观某处shw up 露面
stay in bed 呆在床上
slw dwn减速
smile at对…微笑
suit sb.适合某人
share…with… 与…分享…
stay up 熬夜
stand fr代表,象征
stand up起立
succeed in ding sth.成功地做某事
shut up关闭
shut t (为了让人听到)对…喊
shut at (因生气等)向…喊
seem like 好像
sweep the flr拖地
step n 践踏,踩
take a message fr sb.给某人捎个信
take a bus乘工交车
take ne’s rder按某人的顺序
take a walk 散步
take… t…把…带到…去
take a shwer淋浴
take after 与…相像
take away 带走
take the medicine 服药
take exercise锻炼
take it easy不要紧
take ne’s temperature量某人的体温
take ff 起飞/脱下﹙衣服、鞋帽等﹚
take a lessn/class 上课
take a day ff 休一天假
take an exam 参加考试
take…ut f… 把…从…中取处来
take a rest休息一下
take ne’s turn t d sth.按某人顺序做某事 take part in 参加﹙活动﹚
take…as an example拿…当作例子
take ver接管
take care f照顾、照看
take in吸取,吸收
take up 占据﹙空间、时间﹚
take the pride in 以…而骄傲﹙强调动作﹚
take place 发生﹙不及物﹚
take the leading psitin占主导地位
take a swimming curse上游泳课
take a deep breath深呼吸
take the place f 代替…
take a pht f 照…的相
talk abut谈论…
talk with 与…谈话
talk t对…谈话
turn left﹙right﹚向左﹙右﹚转
turn up 调高﹙音量等﹚
turn dwn调低﹙音量等﹚
turn n打开﹙电器、煤气、水龙头﹚
turn ff 关闭﹙电器、煤气、水龙头﹚
turn ver翻开,翻转
turn…int…把…变成…
turn t… 转向…
turn green 变绿
think abut考虑、思考…
think f想起、想到…
think ver仔细考虑
think up想出(设计出、发明、编造)
tell sb. abut sth. 把某物的情况告诉某人
tell a jke 讲笑话
tell a stry 讲故事
try n 试穿
try ne’s best t d sth. .尽力做某事
thanks fr感谢…
travel t …到…旅行
tie…t…把…绑到…上
treat …as…把…当作…来对待
truble sb. t d sth. 麻烦某人做某事
thrw away 扔掉
translate…int…把…翻译成…
urge sb. t d sth. 强烈要求某人做某事
use up用尽
used t d sth. 过去经常做某事
visit sb/smewhere看望某人/参观某处
wake up醒来、叫醒
welcme t…欢迎到…来
wait fr等待…
wait in line 排队等候
write t …给…写信
write dwn记下
win the Wrld Cup 赢得世界杯
win a prize获奖
wear ut穿坏
wear glasses戴眼镜
wipe ff 擦去,拭去
wrk ut 解决﹙问题、麻烦等﹚
wrk n从事…
walk alng/dwn 沿着…走
watch a game观看比赛
warn sb. t d sth.告诫某人做某事
warn sb. f sth. 警告某人某事
warn sb. against(ding) sth.告诫某人当心某事/不要做某事
wrry abut… 担心…
英语近义动词(词组)辨析
1. 辨析take;cst;spend;pay
主语为人的有spend和pay;主语为物的有cst;主语常为“it”的有take.
(1)spend多用人作主语,后接金钱或时间。spend…n sth / (in)ding sth,
例如:I spent 15 yuan n this new bk.
(2)take常用于 "It takes sb. sme time t d sth" 句型中,例如:
It ften takes me half an hur t g t schl by bike every day.
(3)pay常与fr连用,表“付给……款”。例如:
I paid 15 Yuan fr this new bk.
(4)cst常用物作主语,表“价值或花费多少钱”,例如:
This new bk cst me 15 Yuan.
【例题】Hw much mney did yu in fixing yur watch?
A. cst B. pay C. spend
2. 辨析bring; take; get; carry
(1)bring指将某物或某人从离说话人较远处“拿来”或“带来”,由远及近。例如:
Yu’d better finish yu hmewrk tday and bring it t schl tmrrw.
May I bring Tm alng? Bring the bk t me, please.
(2)take指将某物或某人从离说话人较近处“带到”或“拿到” 离说话人较远处,由近及远。例如:
Culd yu take the bk t the classrm? I am busy nw.
(3)get指从说话人所在位置到别处把某物拿来。例如:
Will yu get that bk fr me?
(4)carry不强调动作来去的方向,只说明动作方式,表示“背着、扛着、提着、载着”等含义。例如
The buses and taxis are carry peple here and there.
The bx is s heavy that the little by can’t carry it.
【例题】I dn’t knw where Wenchuan Cuntry is.
---- Let me a map f China fr yu.
A. take B. bring C. fetch D. carry
3. 辨析take part in;jin
take part in 指“参加某活动、比赛”。
jin 指“加入某组织或人群
【例题】Many famus pp stars the charity shw.
A. jin B. take part in C. tk part in
4. 辨析put n;wear;dress ;in
put n 表“穿上”,强调穿衣的动作,后接衣服作宾语,代词放中间。
Here is yur cat. Put it n, Lucy.
He put n his new pair f sunglasses and went ut.
wear 表“穿着”,强调穿的状态,后接衣服作宾语。
-“What is she wearing?”
- “She’s wearing a red hat and a blue jacket.”
dress 表“给…穿衣服”,宾语为人。
My mther is dressing herself.
My little brther is t yung. Mm dresses him every mrning.
in 后多接衣服的颜色,表示“穿着……颜色衣服的”。例如:
The man in black is my father.
Have yu seen a by in a red sweater?
【例题】Can yu_____ yur little brther? I’m busy nw.
--- OK. I’ll d it right nw.
A. wear B. put n C. dress D. in
5. 辨析have been t; have gne t
have been t 表“曾经去过某地”(已经回来了)。
have gne t表“已经去了某地”(还没回)
【例题】Maria is wanted n the telephne. Where is she?
---- She ________ the library. Yu can find her there.
A. has been t B. has gne t C. has left D. will leave
6. 辨析tell; talk; say; speak
tell表“告诉,讲述”, 多为及物动词,后面多接两个宾语。
I will tell him the news as sn as he cmes back tmrrw.
Granny ften tells me funny stries.
The pliceman tld us nt t play ftball in the street again.
talk表“交谈、谈论”, talk多是不及物动词,常与with/t/abut搭配使用再接宾语。如:
They are talking abut their friends nw.
I will talk t yur father abut yur health next time.
Mr. Zhang is ging t give us a talk at the meeting.
say表“说” 作及物动词,后接说话的内容做宾语。
Did yu say gdbye t yur granny?
speak表“讲”后接某种语言作宾语,打电话时常用它表示说话,也有“演讲”的意思,不强调说话的内容。
We can speak Chinese and English.
May I speak t Henry?
He will speak at the meeting tnight.
【例题】Our English teacher ften us stries in English.
A. tells B. speaks C. talks
7. 辨析lk up;lk fr;find;find ut
lk up 表“查找”后接“词典、书、电话簿”等。
lk fr 表“寻找” 强调找的动作。
find 表“找到” 强调结果。
find ut 表“找出,发现,查明”。
【例题】What's the matter ?
----I am having truble ____ wh has taken my bk.. (2008山东青岛)
A. finding B. lking fr C. finding ut D. lking up
8. 辨析reach; arrive; get
这三个单词都可表“到达”,但只有reach是及物动词,后可直接接地名.
We reached Shanghai at eight n Mnday.
arrive 须与in/at连用,arrive in+大地名,arrive at+小地名.
We have already arrived in Shanghai.
They arrived at schl at 6:30 yesterday.
get须与t连用,即 get t+地名。
I gt t the Capital Cinema at 9:00.
注意:当表示到达here, there, hme时,arrive或get后不要加介词。
When did yu get hme? When will yu arrive there?
【例题】It's reprted the Olympic flame fr 2008 Beijing Games________Beijing Internatinal Airprt n March 31, 2008.
A. reached t B. arrived at C. gt at D. entered in
9. 辨析lend; brrw; keep
brrw指其逻辑主语从别处或别人那里“借来”东西,常与介词frm连用。例如:
May I brrw sme mney frm yu?
Yu can brrw bks frm the library.
lend指其逻辑主语将东西“借出、借给”别人,常与介词t连用,lend sth. t sb.把某物借给某人。例如:
Culd yu lend me sme mney?
The library lends bks t the students.
keep指“保存”,是延续性动词,与表示一段时间的时间状语连用,而其它两个是非延续性动词。例如:
Hw lng may I keep the bk? I have kept the bk fr 3 weeks.
【例题】Yu have my dictinary fr tw weeks.
A. lent B. brrwed C. kept
10. 辨析frget; leave
frget表“遗忘某物”,后不接地点。
leave表“把某物遗忘在某处”,后接地点。
【例题】This mrning I went t schl in such a hurry that I my ntebk at hme.
A. left B. frgt C. lst
11. 辨析receive; accept
receive的意思是“收到了……”,只表示收到某物,并不表明同意或不同意接受的含义。例如:
I received a gift frm her, but I returned it back t her this mrning.
accept表示“接受……”,“同意接纳……”。如接受物体、邀请、批评等,反义词为refuse。
He received an invitatin frm her and accepted it happily.
【例题】I _________a strange gift yesterday, and I still dn’t knw wh it was frm.
A. tk B. accepted C. received D. brught
12. 辨析win;beat
win表“赢”, 后面接的不是被打败的对手,而是比赛本身、游戏、战争、名次、奖品等。例如:
Our ftball team wn the ftball game by 3 t 1.
beat表示“赢”或“打败”,后面要接被打败的对手。例如:
Our ftball team beat theirs by 3 t 1.。
【例题】Our team the match. We’ve gt the first place.
A. hit B. beat C. wn
13. 辨析be made f; be made frm
两者都指“由…制成”,be made f 看得出原料;be made frm看不出原料
【例题】The desks are made ______ wd.
A. frm B. f C. in D. by
14. 辨析hpe ;wish
它们都可表“希望”,它们后都可以接动词不定式和宾语从句。
wish接的宾语从句常用过去时态表难以实现的愿望,wish可以接双宾语。
hpe接的宾语从句常用将来时态,一般表示能够实现的希望,hpe 不能接双宾语。
hpe t d sth (√) hpe sb t d sth (×) wish sb t d sth (√)
hpe sb sth (×) wish sb sth (√)
【例题】_________yu gd luck in the new year!-----The same t yu.
A. Hpe B. Want C. Wish D. Like
15. 辨析sund;listen;hear
sund 表“听起来”是系动词,常接形容词作表语。
listen表“听”是不及物动词,须与t 连用才能接宾语,表示听的动作。
hear 表“听见、听到”,强调听的结果
【例题】Can yu ____ sme animals?
A. hear B. listen t C. lk
16. 辨析lk;see;watch;read
lk看,表动作,须与at 连用才能接宾语,表“朝…看”,强调看的方向。
see表“看到”,强调看的结果。
watch表“观看”,尤其指看活动的画面,如电视,球赛等
read读书看报等文字材料。例如:My father is reading newspaper nw.
【例题】I the blackbard carefully, and I my name n it.
A. lked at; watched B. lked at; saw C. watched; saw
17. 辨析reply; answer
reply表“回复、答复”,是不及物动词, 常与t连用后才能接宾语。
He didn’t want t reply t my questins.
answer表“回答、答复”,是及物动词,后面可直接接宾语。
【例题】Yu must me sn.
A. answer t B. reply t C. write
18. 辨析lie; lay
(1)lie有多个意思:表示“躺;展示;位于”时,其变化是:lay,lain, lying;
表示“说谎”时,其变化是:lied, lied, lying
I saw an ld man lying n the street.
Dn’t believe him. He always lies.
(2)lay的含意是“放置、产卵”等。其变化是:laid, laid, laying.
I can’t find my bk anywhere. I remember that I laid it n the desk last night.
19. 辨析jin; jin in;take part in
都表示“参加”。
Jin ①指加入某组织并成为其中一员。When did yur brther jin the army?
②和某人一道做某事,其结构为:jin sb.in (ding) sth.,根据上下文,in (ding) sth.也可以省去.如:
Will yu jin us in the discussin?你参加我们的讨论吗?
He’ll jin us in singing the sng.他将和我们一道唱歌.
jin in多指参加小规模的活动如“球赛、游戏”等,常用于日常口语。如:
Cme alng,and jin in the ball game.
take part in 指参加会议或群众性活动等,着重说明句子主语参加该项活动并在活动中发挥作用.如:
We’ll take part in scial practice during the summer vacatin.
20. 辨析get;turn;becme
这三个词都可作系动词用,表示状态的变化,后跟表语,但三个词的用法稍有不同。get强调情感、气候和环境的变化;turn强调色彩的变化;而becme则强调职务、职称等的变化。如:
The days are getting shrter and shrter in winter.冬天的白天越来越短。
She culdn't answer the questin and her face turned red.她回答不出问题,脸红了。
When did yu becme a teacher? - Ten years ag.你什么时候当的老师?十年前。
初中英语句型
1.I think… 意为“我认为……”,是对某人或某事的看法或态度的一种句型。其否定式常用I dn’t think…
I dn’t think+肯定句 我想...不
eg.I dn’t think I’ll take it. (我想我不买它了)
请注意:中文意思否定在从句中,但是英语的表达否定在主句中。
2.There be 结构 There+be +主语+地点状语/时间状语
(1) 这是英语中常见的一种结构,表示“某地有某物”其含义为“存在有”。 如:There are twenty girls in ur class.
have与there be的区别,have的含义是“所有,属有”,其主语一般为人。eg.I have a nice watch.
(2) There be 结构中的be动词的单复数形式由后面挨近的一项的单复数决定。
(3) There is a river near ur schl.
否:There is nt a river near ur schl.
问:Is there a river near ur schl.
回答:Yes, there is. N, there isn’t.
划⑴Hw many rivers are there near ur schl?
⑵What’s near ur schl?
(4) there be 结构的一般将来时,同学们较难掌握,其正确形式为:there is ging t be或there will be。
(5) 反意疑问句的构成:There is n water in the glass, is there?
3.s,neither引导的倒装句,为了避免和前一句话的内容重复,英语中习惯用s,neither引导的倒装句。
(1) S + be/助动词/情态动词+主语. 前面陈述的肯定情况也适于另一人(物)时,常用到这种倒装结构,表示“另一人(物)也如此。”
Mike has bught sme freign stamps.
S has Bb.=Bb has bught sme,t.
(2) 前面陈述的否定情况也适于另一人(物)时,常用“Neither/ Nr + be/助动词/情态动词+主语.”这种倒装结构。
Ya Ming didn’t take part in the 30th Olympic Games.
--Nr did David.=David didn’t take part in the 30th Olympic Games,either.
注意:“S+主语+be/助动词/情态动词.”这一句型常用于表示赞同,进一步肯定对方的看法,表示“的确如此。”“是呀。”
---The bk is a gd bk. ---S it is.=The bk is really a gd bk.
---Tm is a lazy by. ---S he is.= Tm is really a lazy by.
4. 征求意见的表达方式
(1) Wuld yu like t d sth.? 你愿意做……吗?
(2) Let sb. d sth. 意为“让某人做某事”,人后应用不带t的动词不定式,其否定式为Dn’t let sb,d sth.,或Let sb. nt d sth. 另外,Let’s 与Let us的含义不完全相同,前者包括听者在内,后者不包括听者在内。
(3) What abut…?/Hw abut…? 意为“……怎么样?”是用来询问或征求对方的观点、意见、看法等。abut为介词,其后须接名词、代词或V-ing等形式。
(4) Why nt d sth.? =Why dn’t yu d sth .? 为什么不做某事呢?
Why dn't yucme t schl a little earlier? 为什么不早点到校呢?
Why nt jin us? 为什么不加入我们?
(5) Shall sb. d sth.? ……好吗? 要不要……? sb. 为第一和第三人称。
Shall I turn ff the light ? 我把灯关掉好吗?
Shall he wait fr yu ?
5. It’s time t d…/ It’s time fr sth. 意为“该做……的时间了”,其中t后须接原形动词,fr后可接名词或V-ing形式。
It’s time t have lunch.=It’s time fr lunch.
6. It’s+时间+since动词过去式. 自从...起已有...时间了。
It’s tw weeks since we met last. 自从我们上次见面已有两个星期了.
Hw lng is it since we left Beijing? 自从我们离开北京已有多久了?
7. It takes sb. sme time t d sth.
此句型表示“干某事花了某人一段时间。”其中的it是形式主语,后面的动词不定式(短语)才是真正的主语. =sb.spend sme time n sth. (in) ding sth.
It tk me half an hur t d the wrk. =I spent half an hur in ding the wrk.
8.…think/find + it + adj. + t d sth.
此句型中的it是形式宾语,不可用其它代词替代,形容词作宾语的补足语,后面的动词不定式(短语)才是真正的宾语。
eg.I find it useful t learn English well. (我发觉学好英语是很有用的)
find +宾语+名词 eg.I find him a gd by. 我发现他是个好男孩.
find +宾语+形容词 eg.I find the dr pen/clsed. 我发现门开/关着
I find ur bags filled with/full f presents. 我发现我们的包装满了礼物
9.What’s wrng with…?
此句型相当于What’s the matter/ truble with…?后跟某物作宾语时,意为“某物出什么毛病了?”后跟某人作宾语时,意为“某人怎么了?”
What's wrngwith yu? 你怎么啦?
What's wrngwith yur watch? 你的手表有什么毛病?
10. 祈使句+and (那么)+陈述句
G straight n and yu’ll see a schl. =If yu g straight n, yu’ll see a schl.
祈使句+r(否则)+陈述句
Wrk hard, r yu will fall behind the ther students.=If yu dn’t wrk hard, yu’ll fall behind the ther.
11.t…t…"太…而不能" "太…以致于不"
经常与s…that…转换。 在s…that…复合句中,that后的句子是否定句时,常与简单句t…t…(太……而不能……)进行句型转换。
This clur TV is s expensive that we can’t affrd it.=This clur TV is t expensive fr us t buy.
The basket is s heavy that I can’t carry it.=The basket is t heavy fr me t carry.
在s…that…复合句中,that后的句子是肯定句时,常与简单句…enugh t…进行句型转换.
He is s clever that he wrk ut the prblem.=He is clever enugh t wrk ut the prblem.
12. She used t be a Chinese teacher. 她过去是一位汉语老师。
[用法] used t + 动词原形,表示过去经常性的动作或存在的状态,含有现在不再如此之意。
[搭配] used t d的否定式可以是usedn’t t d或didn’t use t d.
[比较] used t d sth. 过去常做某事;be/ get used t ding sth. 习惯于做某事;be used t d sth. 被用来做某事。
13. What d yu mean by….? 你….是什么意思?
相当于What des…mean? 或What's the meaning f…?
What d yu mean by "ll"?
What des " ll' mean?
What's the meaning f "ll"?
14. What d yu think f …. (= Hw d yu like ….)你认为….怎么样?
Hw d yu like China? 你觉得中国怎么样?
What des he lk like? 他长什么样?(询问外貌)
----He is tall and handsme.
What is he like? 他这个人怎么样?(询问性格、品质)
----He is kind and friendly.
What des he like? 他喜欢/爱好什么?(询问爱好)
----He likes playing tennis.
15. The +比较级,the+比较级,意思为“越……,越……”
The mre, the better。 越多越好.
The harder yu wrk n it, the better yu’ll be at it.
16. Thanks fr ding sth.谢谢你做了某事. Thank+sb.+fr(ding)sth.
Thanks fr helping me.=Thank yu fr helping me.
Thank yu fr cming t see me.感谢你来看我。
17. It is said that….. 据说……
It is said that we had a new teacher.
18. I dn’t knw what t d.我不知道该怎么办?
I dn’t knw hw t d. ×
19. 为何目的? 为什么?
eg.What d yu want a science lab fr?=Why d yu want a science lab?
20. ne f +最高级+复数 最...之一
eg. Miss Zha is ne f the mst ppular teachers.
21. It is+ adj.+f /fr sb+t d sth.
It is very gd f yu t teach me English. 你教我英语真是太好了.
It's very hard fr him t study tw languages. 对他来说学两门外语是很难的。
22. make sb /sth +adj 使某人(某物)怎么样 Yu must made yur bed clean.
23. keep sb./sth.+adj./V-ing/介词补语/adv.
Yu must keep yur classrm clean.你们必须保持教室干净。
Srry t havekept yu waiting.对不起,让你久等。
Can yu keep himin the rm? 你能让他在这个房里吗?
Keep them here.让他们在这儿呆着。
24. What's the ppulatin f...? …人口有多少? 谓语动词用单数,人口多用large,人口少用small.
What's theppulatin f Germany? 德国的人口有多少?
相关学案
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