2026高二英语上学期第一次月考（沪教版2020）（上海专用）含解析（含听力）

2025-2026 学年高二英语上学期第一次月考卷（沪教版）（考试时间：120 分钟 试卷满分：140 分）考生注意：1．答题前，请务必将自己的姓名、准考证号用黑色字迹的签字笔或钢笔分别填写在试题卷和答题纸规定的位置上。2. 答题时，请按照答题纸上“注意事项”的要求，在答题纸相应的位置上规范作答，在本试题卷上的作答一律无效。3．难度系数：0.65。4．考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。I.Listening ComprehensionSection A （第1-10题, 每题1分；第11-20题，每题1.5分；共25分）Section ADirections: In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end ofeach conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and thequestions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, readthe four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the questionyou have heard.1．A．Look for the key. B．Fix the shelf.C．Repair the car. D．Paint the shelf.【答案】B【原文】W: I can’t find the key to my car. I need to go for a drive.M: I’ll look for it later. Right now I want you to help me fix this shelf before I paint it.Q: What will they do first?2．A．An evening course. B．A day course.C．The choice of courses. D．The working time.【答案】C试卷第 29 页，共 32 页【原文】M: Do you want a day course or an evening course?W: Well, I’d prefer an evening course since I work during the day.Q: What are the two speakers talking about?3．A．A sweater. B．A scarf. C．A pair of glasses. D．A pair of shoes.【答案】C【原文】W: Tomorrow is Grandma’s birthday. What about buying a new scarf or sweater for her?M: Sounds good, but her glasses have broken. I think she needs a new pair of glasses.Q: What does the man suggest buying for grandma?4．A．Take the test in three weeks.B．Call to make inquiries about the test results.C．Be patient and wait for the test results.D．Inquire about the date when the results will be released.【答案】C【原文】M: I haven’t got my scores on the College Entrance Exam yet. Do you think I should callto make inquiries?W: There’s no hurry. The test scores are released about three weeks after the exam.Question: What does the woman advise the man to do?5．A．He set fire to the building.B．He parked his car beside the building.C．He was trying to clear the road with the help of some other people.D．He found out what was going on.【答案】B【原文】M: There, look at that building. It’s on fire. What’s going on?W: Don’t you know, if I were you, I’d get a car out of the way. They’re clearing the road.Question: What do we know about the man?6．A．He’s going to the theatre. B．He’s just returned from a job interview.试卷第 32 页，共 32 页C．He’s just visited his tailor. D．He’s dressed up to have his photo taken.【答案】B【原文】W: Hi, Michael. I can hardly recognize you. Why are you dressed up today? Are yougoing to the theater?M: No. Actually, I just had an interview at the photo studio this morning.Question: What do we learn about Michael from this conversation?7．A．Registering for courses. B．Studying engineering and art history.C．Buying literature books. D．Going to the registry office.【答案】A【原文】W: The deadline for the literature and art history is approaching. I have to run to registerboth of them. Why don’t you go with me right now?M: But I haven’t made the choice which course to take yet.Question: What are the man and the woman talking about?8．A．The Jenkins made a wise investment.B．It is not sensible to make such an investment.C．The Jenkins should buy the stocks later.D．It is essential that the Jenkins should move out.【答案】B【原文】W: You know, the Jenkins have invested all their money in a stock market.M: They may think that’s a wise move, but that’s the last thing I would do.Question: What does the man think about the Jenkins investment?9．A．It is not a good timing to build it. B．It should have been built earlier.C．She is curious about this plan D．She doubts how long the plan will take.【答案】B【原文】M: The city council has finally voted the funds to build a new high school.W: It’s about time they did it. I don’t know what took them so long. Don’t they understand thateducation is very important for the development of the city?试卷第 29 页，共 32 页Question: What’s the woman’s opinion towards building the school?10．A．The weather is perfect for sleeping. B．She will go cycling too.C．She has been sick for a week. D．The man shouldn’t go cycling.【答案】D【原文】M: It’s raining hard. But I will go cycling as usual anyway.W: Well, I’m afraid you’ll lie in bed for a week.Q: What does the woman mean?Section BDirections: In Section B. you will hear two short passages several and one longer conversation,and you will be asked several questions on each of them. The passages and the conversation willbe read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the fourpossible answers on your paper and decide which one is the best answer to the question you haveheard.Questions 11 through 13 are based on the following passage.11．A．South Korean Women. B．American citizens.C．People in industrialized countries. D．People with economic improvements.12．A．High premature deaths. B．Overweight citizens.C．A lack of public health care. D．A shortage in new medical technologies.13．A．More facilities should be established.B．Additional pressure should be put on pensions.C．People should retire at an earlier age.D．People should be provided with more payments.【答案】11．A 12．D 13．A【原文】M: A new study predicts that South Korean women will be the first group in the world tohave an average lifespan of more than 90 years. Researchers at Imperial College London and theWorld Health Organization studied the lifespans of people in 35 industrialized countries. Theirfindings suggest that by 2030 people will be living longer. It also says the gap between men andwomen could start to close in most countries. According to the study, the increase in life试卷第 32 页，共 32 页expectancy was caused by decreases in deaths from infections and long-term diseases in childrenand adults. The study says gains in life expectancy are a result of economic improvements. Thesegames have led to improved use, nutrition, increased access to primary and secondary health careand the development of new medical technologies.The US is behind other developed countries. Americans continue to have one of the lower lifeexpectancies among developed countries. The writers of the study said life expectancy increaseswere smaller partly because of a lack of universal healthcare in the United States. The study alsosaid problems such as relatively high death rates in children and high rates of obesity were toblame. In other words, most people are too fat. The study said that with longer life expectancy,there will also be new pressures on health and social services. The number of people needing longterm care in their old age will increase, which will put stress on available facilities given this care.The study suggests that either more facilities will need to be built or healthcare may need to beprovided at home. There will also be additional pressure on pensions and social security. Theseare programs that provide money to people after they retire from work. With people living longer,they will require more pension and social security payments than earlier generations. The studysuggests that either the retirement age will need to be increased, or plans will need to put in placeto transition workers to retirement at a later age.Question 11: Which group will probably be the first to live beyond 90 years old?Question 12: Which is not a factor leading to a lower life expectancy in the US?Question 13: What can be done to deal with the pressures on health services?Questions 14 through 16 are based on the following passage.14．A．Suggestions on how to think up great ideas.B．Proposals of how to set up your own business.C．Tips on how to be a successful businessman.D．Ideas about how to treat your customers.15．A．Because your chances of success will be increased.B．Because your business idea will be more creative.C．Because it will help decide whether to pursue the idea.D．Because you can’t do your work without business learning.16．A．They enter the market with their eyes open.试卷第 29 页，共 32 页B．They believe the more failures, the better.C．They were born to be great risk takers.D．They do a careful study to ensure their success.【答案】14．C 15．A 16．D【 原 文 】 Today, I want to talk about how to be an entrepreneur. In other words, a greatbusinessman. In fact, many people are amazed with how the entrepreneurs mind works. How doesan entrepreneur become successful? The following tips may be useful to you. One, you need tothink up great ideas. You have to research if your business idea is feasible. After gathering all theneeded information, you can now decide if you will pursue the business idea or do it in the future.Besides, you can’t work your way to success if you don’t know some concepts, such as return onan investment, speed of business returns, and many others. So having the proper educationalbackground will help you a lot in succeeding in the business world. Two, be a risk taker. Mostentrepreneurs are not afraid to take risks. This does not mean that entrepreneurs enter the marketwith their eyes closed, hoping for success. Entrepreneurs are willing to take risks, especially ifafter a careful study, they can see high chances of success. On the other hand, an entrepreneurlearns a lot from past failures. It’s all part of life, and so you should not be scared. Three, befriendly and genuine to your customers. If you can build goodwill and you can win the trust ofyour customers and subscribers, your business will surely succeed. If you have these qualities,then you’re on your way to becoming a successful entrepreneur. You can choose between onlineinternet businesses, or you can start by putting up a business in your local area.Questions14. What does the speaker mainly talk about?15. Why is it important to continue your business related learning?16. Why are entrepreneurs willing to take risks?Questions 17 through 20 are based on the following conversation.17．A．Beautiful scenery in the countryside.B．Cross-country skiing.C．Dangers of winter sports.D．Pain and pleasure in sports.18．A．He can’t find good examples to illustrate his point.试卷第 32 页，共 32 页B．He can’t find a peaceful place to do the assignment.C．He can’t decide whether to include the effort part of skiing.D．He doesn’t know how to describe the beautiful country scenery.19．A．New ideas come up as you write.B．Much time is spent on collecting data.C．It’s hard to find a proper topic.D．The writer’s point of view often changes.20．A．How to revise a paper in an academic manner.B．How to polish your arguments in a paper.C．How to tell the main ideas in a paper effectively.D．How to decide on relevant content for a paper.【答案】17．B 18．C 19．A 20．D【原文】Tony: Hello, Professor Jones.Professor Jones: Hello, Tony. So what shall we work on today?Tony: Well, the problem is that this writing assignment isn’t coming up right. What I thought Iwas writing on was to talk about what a particular sport means to me, one I take part in。Professor Jones: What sport did you choose?Tony: I decided to write about cross country skiing.Professor Jones: What are you going to say about skiing?Tony: That’s the problem. I thought I would write about how peaceful it is to be out in the country.Professor Jones: So why is that a problem?Tony: As I started describing how quiet it is to be out in the woods, I keep mentioning how mucheffort it takes to keep going. Cross country skiing isn’t as easy as some people think. It takes a lotof energy, but that’s not part of my paper. So I guess I should leave it out. But now I don’t knowhow to explain the feeling of peacefulness without explaining how hard you have to work for it. Itall fits together. It’s not like just sitting down somewhere and watching the clouds rolling by. That’s different.Professor Jones: Then you’ll have to include that in your point. The peacefulness of cross countryskiing is the kind you earn by effort. Why leave that out? Part of a point you knew beforehand, butpart you discovered, as he wrote. That’s common, right?试卷第 29 页，共 32 页Tony: Yeah, I guess so.Questions17. What is the topic of the man’s writing assignment?18. What problem does the man have while working on this paper?19. What does the woman say is common in writing papers?20. What is the conversation mainly about?II. Grammar and Vocabulary （每题1分；共20分）Section ADirections: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent andgrammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper formof the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.How good are you at maths? Some people love the challenge of algebra or enjoy workingout number puzzles such as Sudoko. Maths is all around us, from working out how to split the billafter a meal, to 21 (calculate) your household bills. But many fear the moment22 they have to deal with numbers and figures and feel a real sense of worry and confusion.It can seem daunting, but this ‘maths anxiety’ is perfectly normal, and you’re definitely not alone.And anyway, our worries and fears don’t necessarily reflect our ability.The problem really starts in childhood, at school. Research has found that maths teacherswho are nervous about teaching the subject can pass on their anxiety to the pupils, and girls maybe 23 (likely) to be affected. The Programme for International StudentAssessment found around 31%of 15 and 16-year-olds across 34 countries said they got verynervous doing maths problems, 33% said they got tense doing maths homework, and nearly 60%said maths classes would be difficult. Shulamit Kahn, from Boston University’s Questrom Schoolof Business, told the BBC she believes giving students, particularly girls, good role models “iscritical, especially 24 a young age”. She thinks the key is 25 (get)people, especially women, who love teaching maths to younger children.Writing for BBC Future, David Robson says “It’s not clear 26 mathsarouses so much fear compared to geography. But the fact that there’s a right or wrong answer —试卷第 32 页，共 32 页there’s no room for bluffing — 27 make you more worried aboutunderperforming.” And 28 we assume we’re not a ‘maths person’, we avoidsolving things that we probably could do.Psychologists 29 (try) to work out why mental arithmetic can bring us outin a sweat. That seed of fear may come from many sources, but some suggest that expressing yourfears can loosen 30 control on you, and encourage children to see a maths test as achallenge, not a threat. Ideally, we need to think positively about maths and give it a secondchance.【答案】21．calculating 22．when 23．more likely 24．at 25．to get 26．why 27．may/can/could/might 28．once 29．have been trying 30．their【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章提到“数学焦虑”完全是正常现象并且指出了对数学产生恐惧的原因和解决办法。21．考查非谓语动词。句意：数学无处不在，从计算餐后如何分摊账单，到计算你的家庭账单。根据空格前的介词 to 可知，空格处应该用动名词 calculating 作宾语。故填 calculating。22．考查定语从句。句意：但许多人害怕当他们不得不与数字和数字打交道时，感到真正的担忧和困惑。空格处引导定语从句，对先行词 the moment 进行限定说明，先行词在从句中作时间状语，应该用关系副词 when 引导从句。故填 when。23．考查形容词比较级。句意：研究发现，在教授这门学科时感到紧张的数学老师会将他们的焦虑传递给学生，而女孩更可能容易受到影响。根据句中的 girls 可知，此处暗含着“女孩子和男孩子比较”，应该表示“更可能”，所以应该用比较级 more likely。故填 more likely。24．考查介词。句意：波士顿大学凯斯特罗姆商学院的 Shulamit Kahn 告诉 BBC，她认为给予学生，尤其是女孩，良好的榜样“是至关重要的，尤其是在年幼的时候”。根据空格后的名词 age 可知，此处应该用介词 at 与其搭配，at a young age“在年轻时”是固定搭配。故填 at。25．考查非谓语动词。句意：她认为关键在于吸引那些喜欢教小孩数学的人，尤其是女性。根据空格前的名词 key 可知，空格处应用不定式形式 to get 作表语。故填 to get。26．考查连接副词。句意：目前还不清楚为什么数学比地理更令人恐惧。句中的 it 是形式主语，真正的主语是空格后的从句，所以空格处应该用连接词引导主语从句，且意义为“为什么”，所以用连接副词 why。故填 why。试卷第 29 页，共 32 页27．考查情态动词。句意：但事实是，有正确或错误的答案——没有诈唬的余地——可能会让你更担心表现不佳。根据句意和空格后的动词原形 make 可知，空格处应该用情态动词且意义为“可能”，所以用 can/may/could/might(could 和 might 只表示这种可能性更小)。故填can/may/could/might。28．考查连词。句意：一旦我们假设我们不是一个“数学人”，我们就会避免解决那些我们可能会做的事情。根据句意和空格后的句子可知，空格处应该用连词引导条件状语从句，且意义为“一旦”，所以用连词 once。故填 once。29．考查时态和主谓一致。句意：心理学家一直在试图弄清楚为什么心算能让我们大汗淋漓。此处表示“一直……”应该用现在完成进行时，主语是复数形式，助动词用 have。故填 havebeen trying。30．考查形容词性物主代词。句意：恐惧的种子可能有很多来源，但有些人认为，表达你的恐惧可以放松他们对你的控制，鼓励孩子们把数学考试视为挑战，而不是威胁。空格处作定语，修饰空格后的名词 control，且代指上文的 fears，所以应该用形容词性物主代词 their。故填 their。【点睛】Section BDirections: Fill in each blank with a proper word chosen from the box. Each word can be usedonly once. Note that there is one word more than you need.Today’s children are exhausted, and not just because one in three kids is not getting enoughsleep. Sleep deprivation in kids (who require at least nine hours a night, depending on age) hasbeen found to 31 decrease academic achievement, lower intelligence test scores, slowphysical growth, and 32 to moodiness and irritability. While the argument forprotecting our children’s sleep time is convincing, there is another kind of rest that is 33and beneficial to our children’s academic, emotional, and creative lives: daydreaming.Not all mental downtime (停 工 休 息 期 ) is alike, of course. Downtime spent playing avideogame or watching a television show may have its 34 , but the kind of downtime I试卷第 32 页，共 32 页am talking about is different. I’m talking about the kind of mind-wandering that happens when thebrain is free of interruption and allowed to get rid of the 35 of the day. Television,video games, and other electronic 36 prevent this kind of mental wandering becausethey interrupt the flow of thoughts and memories that 37 the foundation of positive,productive daydreaming.There is, however, another way of looking at mind wandering. For the individual, mindwandering offers the possibility of very real, personal reward, some immediate, some more38 . These rewards include self-awareness, memory consolidation, future planning, simulatingthe 39 of another person, evaluating the implications of self and others’ emotionalreactions, moral reasoning.In other words, daydreaming only seems lazy from the outside, but viewed from the inside orfrom the perspective of a psychologist, such as Kaufman, or a neuroscientist, such as Mary Helen,a complicated and extremely 40 neurological process is taking place. Viewed from theinside, our children are exploring the only space where they truly have autonomy: their own minds.【答案】31．E 32．H 33．K 34．C 35．A 36．B 37．J 38．G 39．D40．F【导语】这是一篇说明文。如今的孩子疲惫不堪，这不仅仅是因为三分之一的孩子睡眠不足。睡眠不足会显著降低学习成绩，降低智力测试分数，减缓身体发育，并导致喜怒无常和易怒。虽然保护孩子睡眠时间的理由很有说服力，但还有一种休息方式：白日梦，被低估了，它对孩子的学习、情感和创造生活都有好处。31．考查副词。句意：儿童（根据年龄不同每晚至少需要 9 个小时的睡眠）睡眠不足会显著降低学习成绩，降低智力测试分数，减缓身体发育，并导致喜怒无常和易怒。修饰动词decrease，结合句意表示“显著”应用 significantly。故选 E。32．考查动词。句意：儿童（根据年龄不同每晚至少需要 9 个小时的睡眠）睡眠不足会显著降低学习成绩，降低智力测试分数，减缓身体发育，并导致喜怒无常和易怒。结合句意表示“导致”可知，短语为 contribute to，且与上文 decrease 构成并列结构，应填原形。故选 H。33．考查动词。句意：虽然保护孩子睡眠时间的理由很有说服力，但还有一种休息方式：白日梦，被低估了，它对孩子的学习、情感和创造生活都有好处：白日梦。结合句意表示“低试卷第 29 页，共 32 页估”，应用动词 underestimate，结合上文 is 可知，此处为一般现在时的被动语态。故选 K。34．考查名词。句意：休息时间花在玩电子游戏或看电视节目可能有它的魅力，但我所说的那种休息时间是不同的。作宾语，结合句意表示“魅力”，应填复数名词 charms。故选 C。35．考查名词。句意：我说的是当大脑不受干扰，可以摆脱一天的烦恼时，就会发生的那种走神。作宾语，结合句意表示“烦恼”可知，应填复数名词 worries。故选 A。36．考查名词。句意：电视、电子游戏和其他电子干扰物阻止了这种精神漫游，因为它们中断了加强积极、富有成效的白日梦基础的思想和记忆的流动。作主语，表示“干扰物”，应用名词 distraction，由 other 修饰，应用复数形式。故选 B。37．考查动词。句意：电视、电子游戏和其他电子干扰物阻止了这种精神漫游，因为它们中断了加强积极、富有成效的白日梦基础的思想和记忆的流动。结合语境表示“加强”，应用动词 strengthen，定语从句谓语与先行词 memories 保持一致，谓语用原形。故选 J。38．考查形容词。句意：对个人而言，走神提供了非常真实的个人回报的可能性，有些是即时的，有些则是遥远的。结合句意表示“遥远的”，应填形容词 distant。故选 G。39．考查名词。句意：这些奖励包括自我意识、记忆巩固、未来规划、模仿他人的视角、评估自我和他人情绪反应的影响、道德推理。作宾语，结合句意表示“视角”，应用名词perspective。故选 D。40．考查形容词。句意：换句话说，做白日梦只是从外表上看显得懒惰，但从内部或从心理学家（如考夫曼）或神经学家（如玛丽·海伦）的角度来看，一个复杂而又极其多产的神经过程正在发生。结合句意表示“多产的”可知应填形容词 productive，作定语。故选 F。III. Reading Comprehension (41 – 55题，每题1分；56 – 70题，每题2分；共45分)Section ADirections: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B,C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.Is there anything nicer than a cooling ice cream on a hot summer’s day? This traditionaltreat is centuries old, but our tastes and consumer habits are 41 . How is the ice creamproduction process changing, and who is driving this 42 ?Making ice cream is a 43 process. While the recipe is 44 -milk, sugar andfat, plus flavors and colors-ice cream has a complex chemistry. Getting the 45 right试卷第 32 页，共 32 页between ice, fat and air is important if the ice cream is to have the right texture. To achieve this,the ingredients need to be mixed and heated, then cooled and frozen-a process that takes time anduses a lot of energy. Designers and engineers are working to 46 the production processwith new specialized equipment to make it increasingly automated. For now, 47 , evenwith the help of robots and 3D printers, it can take up to two years from testing a new frozendessert product to it being 48 to consumers.And demand is only going up. According to the food packaging company Tetra Pak, morethan 25 billion litres of ice cream were eaten 49 in 2021. While the US and China arethe biggest consumers, data from Nielsen IQ shows that people in the UK bought 28% more icecream during the UK’s record-breaking summer compared to a year earlier. 50 , risingtemperatures can explain why some people are buying more ice cream, but it’s not the onlyexplanation. The pandemic has seen people 51 pleasures they can enjoy at home,which include eating indulgent (放纵的) foods. And worries about the cost-of-living crisis couldhave a 52 effect, as even a premium (高端的) ice cream is an affordable treat.So, what new things can we expect on a stick or in a cone? Consumers of all ages buy icecream, but it is millennial consumers who are driving interest in more original flavors, includingspices. Dairy still 53 , but plant-based ice cream, sorbets (雪糕) and low-caloriechoices are a growing part of the frozen dessert market. But, according to Elsebeth Baungaard,portfolio manager (投资组合经理) at Tetra Pak, the next worldwide 54 will be lessabout innovation and more about portion size. “I’m sorry to say it’s simply 55 ,” shesays. “But the quality will be higher.”41．A．peaking B．evolving C．continuing D．surviving42．A．growth B．investment C．expansion D．shift43．A．labor-saving B．eye-catching C．time-consuming D．profit-making44．A．simple B．secret C．special D．specific45．A．link B．difference C．line D．balance46．A．monitor B．improve C．investigate D．observe47．A．therefore B．however C．likewise D．moreover48．A．vital B．relevant C．available D．familiar49．A．globally B．nationally C．regionally D．provincially试卷第 29 页，共 32 页50．A．Luckily B．Hopefully C．Happily D．Clearly51．A．reaching for B．seeing through C．looking into D．showing off52．A．visual B．indirect C．similar D．dynamic53．A．dominates B．survives C．arises D．spoils54．A．issue B．scale C．basis D．trend55．A．shrinking B．varying C．mattering D．lasting【答案】41．B 42．D 43．C 44．A 45．D 46．B 47．B 48．C 49．A 50．D 51．A 52．C 53．A 54．D 55．A【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了冰淇淋生产过程的演变、消费者需求的变化以及冰淇淋市场的新趋势。41．考查动词词义辨析。句意：这种传统美食已经有几个世纪的历史了，但我们的口味和消费习惯正在演变。A. peaking 达到顶峰；B. evolving 逐渐演变；C. continuing 继续；D. surviving幸存。根据下文“How is the ice cream production process changing”可推测，冰淇淋一直在变化，口味和消费习惯，包括生产过程都在演变。故选 B。42．考查名词词义辨析。句意：冰淇淋生产过程发生了怎样的变化，谁在推动这一转变？A. growth 增长；B. investment 投资；C. expansion 扩张；D. shift 转变。根据上文“How is theice cream production process changing”可推测，空处指的是上文提到的冰淇淋的转变。故选 D。43．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：制作冰淇淋是一个耗时的过程。A. labor-saving 省力的；B. eye-catching 引人注目的；C. time-consuming 耗时的；D. profit-making 盈利的。根据下文“Toachieve this, the ingredients need to be mixed and heated, then cooled and frozen-a process thattakes time and uses a lot of energy.”可知，制作冰淇淋非常耗时。故选 C。44．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：尽管配方简单——牛奶、糖和脂肪，再加上各种口味和颜色——但冰淇淋的化学成分却相当复杂。A. simple 简单的；B. secret 秘密的；C. special 特别的；D. specific 具体的。根据下文“milk, sugar and fat, plus flavors and colors”可知，冰淇淋的配方很简单。故选 A。45．考查名词词义辨析。句意：如果要做出口感好的冰淇淋，在冰、脂肪和空气之间取得合适的平衡是很重要的。A. link 联系；B. difference 差异；C. line 行、线；D. balance 平衡。根据下文“if the ice cream is to have the right texture”以及下文“To achieve this, the ingredients试卷第 32 页，共 32 页need to be mixed and heated, then cooled and frozen-a process that takes time and uses a lot ofenergy.”可知，冰、脂肪和空气之间要取得合适的平衡。故选 D。46．考查动词词义辨析。句意：设计师和工程师们正在通过研发新型专用设备来改进生产流程，使其日益自动化。A. monitor 监控；B. improve 改进；C. investigate 调查；D. observe 观察、庆祝。根据下文“to make it increasingly automated”可知，新型专用设备是为了改进生产流程。故选 B。47．考查副词词义辨析。句意：然而，就目前而言，即使在机器人和 3D 打印机的帮助下，从测试一种新的冷冻甜品到其上市供消费者购买，也可能需要长达两年的时间。A. therefore因此；B. however 然而；C. likewise 同样地；D. moreover 而且。根据句意可知，上文提到设计师和工程师们正在通过研发新型专用设备来改进生产流程，使其日益自动化。而下文“withthe help of robots and 3D printers, it can take up to two years from testing a new frozen dessertproduct to it being ___8___ to consumers.”与上文存在转折关系。故选 B。48．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：然而，就目前而言，即使在机器人和 3D 打印机的帮助下，从测试一种新的冷冻甜品到其上市供消费者购买，也可能需要长达两年的时间。A. vital 至关重要的；B. relevant 相关的；C. available 可用的；D. familiar 熟悉的。根据空后的“toconsumers”以及常识可知，新品冰淇淋从测试到上市供消费者购买需要很久。故选 C。49．考查副词词义辨析。句意：据食品包装公司利乐公司（Tetra Pak）统计，2021 年全球冰淇淋消费量超过 250 亿升。A. globally 全球地；B. nationally 全国地；C. regionally 地区性地；D. provincially 全 省 地 。 根 据 下 文 所 举 的 国 家 “While the US and China are the biggestconsumers, data from Nielsen IQ shows that people in the UK bought 28% more ice cream duringthe UK’s record-breaking summer compared to a year earlier.”可知，消费数据来自全球。故选 A。50．考查副词词义辨析。句意：显然，气温上升可以解释为什么有些人会购买更多的冰淇淋，但这并非唯一原因。A. Luckily 幸运地；B. Hopefully 有希望地；C. Happily 快乐地；D. Clearly显然。根据下文“rising temperatures can explain why some people are buying more ice cream, butit’s not the only explanation.”可知，气温上升很显然是人们购买更多的冰淇淋的一个原因。故选 D。51．考查动词短语辨析。句意：疫情期间，人们寻求在家就能享受的乐趣，其中包括品尝放纵的美食。A. reaching for 寻求；B. seeing through 看穿；C. looking into 调查；D. showing off炫耀。根据空后“pleasures they can enjoy at home”可知，疫情期间，人们在家也要寻求乐趣。故选 A。试卷第 29 页，共 32 页52．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：而生活成本危机的担忧也可能产生类似的影响，因为即使是高端冰淇淋也是一种负担得起的享受。A. visual 视觉的；B. indirect 间接的；C. similar 类似的；D. dynamic 有活力的。根据上文可知，疫情期间，人们会吃冰淇淋找到乐趣；而根据常理可知，对生活成本的担忧也会让人们从美食中获得乐趣，这与上文是类似的。故选 C。53．考查动词词义辨析。句意：乳制品仍占据主导地位，但植物基冰淇淋、雪葩和低热量选择正在成为冷冻甜品市场日益重要的组成部分。A. dominates 占主导地位；B. survives 幸存；C. arises 出 现 ； D. spoils 破 坏 。 根 据 下 文 “but plant-based ice cream, sorbets (雪 糕 ) andlow-calorie choices are a growing part of the frozen dessert market”中的“but”可推测，虽然乳制品仍占据主导地位，但是植物基冰淇淋、雪葩和低热量选择正在成为冷冻甜品市场日益重要的组成部分。故选 A。54．考查名词词义辨析。句意：然而，据利乐公司的投资组合经理 Elsebeth Baungaard 表示，下一个全球趋势将不再是创新，而是份量大小。A. issue 问题；B. scale 规模；C. basis 基础；D. trend 趋势。根据空后“be less about innovation and more about portion size”可推测，下文提到的是冰淇淋的变化趋势。故选 D。55．考查动词词义辨析。句意：“很抱歉地说，份量正在缩小，”她说。“但质量会更高。”A.shrinking 收缩；B. varying 变化；C. mattering 重要；D. lasting 持续。根据下文“But the qualitywill be higher.”中的“but”可推测，空处与下文存在对比，由此可知，冰淇淋分量在缩小，但是质量会更高。故选 A。Section BDirections: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions orunfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose theone that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.(A)I believe that, as a doctor, I should always get a blanket for my patients who need one. Yes Iknow there are other people who can do this. I can ask a nurse or an orderly to do it, but I believethat I should do it. So several times a day, while working in our emergency department, I leave mypatient’s bedside, get them a nice warm blanket and cover them up, before continuing on my day.Which brings me back to why I believe I should offer to bring my patients a blanket. To me试卷第 32 页，共 32 页it is the first step in communicating to the person that my priority is his or her comfort, bothphysical and emotional. It is a simple act that acknowledges my desire to meet their basic needs asa patient. It may be an overused expression but I want to treat my patients the way I would wantmy family members taken care of. This behavior was also modeled for me when I was a patient.Shortly after college I was involved in a serious accident while working in an ambulance asa volunteer. The short story is that I broke my femur (大腿骨), the large bone in my hip, and myrecovery required a total of four surgeries over a year or so. The surgeon who performed the lastthree operations usually did his rounds late at night.He was a brilliant and talented surgeon who reminded me in appearance of a chain-smokingEinstein. He would ask about my pain and my mental state, but what I remember most is hisoffering to bring me French fries the next time he visited. I felt that he cared about me and, moreimportantly, understood what I was going through. He connected with me, and I trusted andobeyed everything he told me to do.Getting a blanket and placing it on my patient is, in the end, a check and balance for me. Ihave the power to order hundreds of test and treatments. I strive to always be right (or at leastnever wrong). And on not so rare occasions, I help save a life. But in the end, if I have not madethat connection with my patient, if I have not shown them I understand their needs, then I havefailed them as a physician and as a person.56．According to the author, what does the performance of giving blankets to patients mean?A．It may be an overused expression although he doesn’t care about it.B．It gives him the power to order tests and treatments.C．It’s helpful to save a life when you are in trouble.D．It helps communicate his care towards his patients.57．The author mentioned his own experience as a patient, which of the following is NOT hisintention?A．Showing his gratitude for the surgeonB．Demonstrating his action of giving blanketsC．Implying the similar function of bringing French Fries and giving blankets to patientsD．Claiming the importance of patients’ trust toward doctors58．What does the last sentence (paragraph 5) imply?试卷第 29 页，共 32 页A．The author felt regretful for not making connection with his patients by bringing themblankets.B．A good physician should understand patient’s needs.C．It’s important to communicate doctors’ care to their patients.D．The author failed as a person as he didn’t show his understanding for his patients’ needs.59．The passage is manly about __________.A．emphasizing the importance of sincere care and understanding of patientsB．emphasizing how to build a bridge between doctors and patientsC．emphasizing that a small gesture can warm the patient’s heartD．emphasizing how to improve the doctor-patient relationship【答案】56．D 57．D 58．C 59．A【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。作为一名医生，作者经常给有需要的病人准备一条毯子。这是因为作者在一次生病的时候，受到了 David 医生的细心照料和关心，所以在作者当了医生以后，他也尽量为病人着想，理解他们的需求。56．推理判断题。根据第二段“Which brings me back to why I believe I should offer to bring mypatients a blanket. To me it is the first step in communicating to the person that my priority is hisor her comfort, both physical and emotional. It is a simple act that acknowledges my desire tomeet their basic needs as a patient.(这让我回到了为什么我认为我应该给我的病人带一条毯子。对我来说，这是与他人沟通的第一步，我的首要任务是他或她的身体和情感上的舒适。这是一个简单的举动，表达了我作为病人满足他们基本需求的愿望)”可知，根据作者的观点，给病人发放毯子的行为意味着传达他对病人的关心。故选 D。57．细节理解题。根据第四段“I felt that he cared about me and, more importantly, understoodwhat I was going through. He connected with me, and I trusted and obeyed everything he told meto do.(我觉得他关心我，更重要的是，他理解我的感受。他与我建立了联系，我信任并服从了他让我做的一切)”可知，A 选项“表达对外科医生的感激之情”属于意图；根据第二段“Thisbehavior was also modeled for me when I was a patient.(当我还是病人的时候，这种行为也是我的榜样)”可知，B 选项“解释他给毛毯的行为”属于意图；根据第二段“Which brings me backto why I believe I should offer to bring my patients a blanket. To me it is the first step incommunicating to the person that my priority is his or her comfort, both physical and emotional.(试卷第 32 页，共 32 页这让我回到了为什么我认为我应该给我的病人带一条毯子。对我来说，这是与他人沟通的第一步，我的首要任务是他或她的身体和情感上的舒适)”可知，C 选项“暗示类似于给病人送薯条和送毯子的功能”属于意图；D 选项没有提及，故选 D。58．推理判断题。根据最后一段“But in the end, if I have not made that connection with mypatient, if I have not shown them I understand their needs, then I have failed them as a physicianand as a person.(但最终，如果我没有和我的病人建立这种联系，如果我没有向他们展示我理解他们的需求，那么我就辜负了他们作为一个医生和一个人的期望)”可知，如果作者没有和他的病人建立联系，如果作者没有向病人表明他理解他们的需求，那么作者就觉得自己辜负了病人，无论是作为一名医生，还是作为一个人。换言之，作者认为要与病人建立联系，要向病人表明理解他们的需求，即把医生的关怀传达给病人是很重要的。即最后一句暗示向病人传达医生的护理很重要。故选 C。59．主旨大意题。根据最后一段“Getting a blanket and placing it on my patient is, in the end, acheck and balance for me. I have the power to order hundreds of test and treatments. I strive toalways be right (or at least never wrong). And on not so rare occasions, I help save a life. But inthe end, if I have not made that connection with my patient, if I have not shown them I understandtheir needs, then I have failed them as a physician and as a person.(拿条毯子给我的病人盖上，最终对我来说是一种制衡。我有权安排数百项检查和治疗。我努力做到永远正确（或者至少从不犯错）。在不太罕见的情况下，我帮助拯救了一条生命。但最终，如果我没有和我的病人建立这种联系，如果我没有向他们展示我理解他们的需求，那么我就辜负了他们作为一个医生和一个人的期望)”以及文章讲述了作为一名医生，作者经常给有需要的病人准备一条毯子。这是因为作者在一次生病的时候，受到了 David 医生的细心照料和关心，所以在作者当了医生以后，他也尽量为病人着想，理解他们的需求。可知，这篇文章强调了真诚照顾和理解病人的重要性。故选 A。(B)Foster (寄养) Volunteer Application for Large DogsWe are currently seeking foster volunteers for large dogs (50 pounds and up) only. We are notaccepting applications for cats or small animals at this time. As a foster volunteer, you will playa key role in providing care outside of the shelter environment. Animal Humane Society (AHS)will support you throughout your fostering journey.试卷第 29 页，共 32 页Requirements:•Applicants must be 18 years or older.•You must live within 60 miles of AHS shelters in Minnesota.•You should have a stable, safe, and comfortable living situation with the ability to provideplenty of love and care for the animal.Application Process:•Watch the required video before completing your application. The video containsimportant information that will be discussed during the interview.•Submit your foster application.•After submission, you’ll be instructed to schedule an online interview with a VolunteerServices Manager.•Attend the online interview. If accepted, a $35 application fee is required, coveringadministrative processing and training costs. Volunteers will also receive an AHST-shirt. If thefee is a concern, contact volunteer@ animalhumanesociety. org for options.60．Who is most likely to be accepted as a foster volunteer?A．John, a college graduate living in a peaceful community.B．Ellen, a pet owner expecting a dog weighing 35 pounds.C．Tommy, a homeless person looking for a job in volunteer services.D．Alice, a nurse living 65 miles from AHS shelters in Minnesota.61．What can applicants expect to find in the video?A．Ways to submit the foster application.B．Introduction to the shelter environment at AHS.C．Key responsibilities in providing care for large animals.D．Related information in the volunteer interview.62．Why are the applicants charged?A．To ensure applicants’ dedication to the program. B．To pay for management andtraining.C．To cover the cost of the volunteer T-shirt. D．To support the shelter’s daily operations.【答案】60．A 61．D 62．B试卷第 32 页，共 32 页【导语】这是一篇应用文。主要介绍的是一份关于招募大型犬寄养志愿者的申请指南。60．细节理解题。根据第一段“We are currently seeking foster volunteers for large dogs (50pounds and up) only.(我们目前正在寻找大型狗（50 磅及以上）的寄养志愿者)”可知，B 项“艾伦，一个宠物主人期待一只 35 磅重的狗”不符合，根据 Requirements 下的“You should have astable, safe, and comfortable living situation with the ability to provide plenty of love and care forthe animal.(你应该有一个稳定、安全和舒适的生活环境，并有能力为动物提供足够的爱和照顾)”可知，C 项“汤米，一个无家可归的人，想找一份志愿者服务的工作”不符合，“You mustlive within 60 miles of AHS shelters in Minnesota.(您必须居住在明尼苏达州美国 AHS 避难所60 英里范围内)”可知，D 项“爱丽丝，一名护士，住在明尼苏达州离美国 AHS 避难所 65 英里的地方”不符合。故选 A 项。61．细节理解题。根据Application Process下的“Watch the required video before completing yourapplication. The video contains important information that will be discussed during the interview.(在完成申请前观看所需的视频。视频中包含了面试中要讨论的重要信息)”可知，申请人可以在视频中找到面试中要讨论的重要信息。故选 D 项。62．细节理解题。根据 Application Process 下的“Attend the online interview. If accepted, a $35application fee is required, covering administrative processing and training costs.(参加在线面试。如果被录取，需要支付 35 美元的申请费，包括行政处理和培训费用)”可知，收费是为了支付管理和培训费用。故选 B 项。(C)For companies who bottle pure mountain air, like one in Canada, dropping air quality is abusiness opportunity. For the rest of us, it’s a killer. While billions of people live in a fog ofharmful airborne particles each day, the business of Vitality Air, which sells bottled Canadianmountain air, is booming.“Our Chinese website keeps crashing. We are getting orders from all over the country, notjust the wealthier cities,” said Harrison Wang, China representative for Vitality Air. “When the airis bad, we see increase in sales.” While the company has sold 12,000 bottles of air from Canada’snational parks to Chinese people sick of the pollution that chokes many of the country’s cities,plenty of other nations are increasingly asking for clean air.The past week has also identified the cause for this smoggy malaise (难以捉摸的问题).The torching of fossil fuels has grown so quickly that the world is heading to atmospheric试卷第 29 页，共 32 页concentrations of carbon dioxide beyond 400 parts per million — a level unseen in humanhistory. Particles and chemicals released from power plants and vehicles are killing us as the CO₂dissolves the Great Barrier Reef and helps rob Alaska of a winter.Indeed, if humans vanished tomorrow, our great contributions will not be non-hoveringhover boards, but our pollution. Recent research concludes that on vast geological timescales,humans will leave behind just a layer of plastic and a blanket of planet-warming greenhouse gases.Cities, where most pollution dwells, are perhaps ahead of national governments in realizingthe crisis we all now face. In the US, the Clean Air Act has lifted the smog from many largeAmerican metropolises and have banded with other urban areas from around the world to do moreto tackle climate change. Paris has placed a monthly ban upon cars along the Champs-Elysee,while Santiago in Chile last year temporarily banned 40% of its 1.7m vehicles.But with more people dying from air pollution each year than malaria and HIV, it’s clearthat far more needs to be done to clean up our cities, stem the flow of plastic into the environmentand help rapidly growing economies exploit the sun and the wind, rather than coal, for theirenergy needs. Otherwise we will run out of places to bottle clean air from.63．Which of the following statement about Vitality Air is TRUE?A．It sells bottled pure mountain air only to wealthy cities in China.B．The Canadian company profits by transporting national parks’ air to Chinese people.C．It is a technology company whose website keeps crashing.D．Its products cause serious environmental problems.64．What is the root of the world’s air pollution problem?A．The atmospheric concentrations of carbon dioxide.B．The excessive burning of fossil fuels.C．The dissolving Great Barrier Reef.D．The trillions of tiny pieces plastic.65．What can be inferred from the passage?A．Plenty of other nations were not able to buy clean bottled air from Vitality Air.B．Innovative technologies would be the consequence if humans disappeared on the earth.C．The warm winter in Alaska is caused by the burning of fossil fuels.D．National governments are working on the smoggy problem through a joint effort.试卷第 32 页，共 32 页66．Which of the following is the best title?A．Bottled air: far from a silver bullet to air pollutionB．Dropping air quality: the killer hunting all of usC．A global dilemma: pollution has both upsides and downsidesD．An emergent call: we are running out of clean bottled air【答案】63．B 64．B 65．C 66．A【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了空气污染加剧对健康的威胁以及由此带来的瓶装空气市场的兴起。63．细节理解题。根据第二段“While the company has sold 12,000 bottles of air from Canada’snational parks to Chinese people sick of the pollution that chokes many of the country’s cities,plenty of other nations are increasingly asking for clean air.(尽管这家公司已经向厌倦了城市污染的中国民众出售了 12,000 瓶来自加拿大国家公园的空气，越来越多的其他国家也在请求获取清洁空气。)”可知，加拿大公司通过将国家公园的空气运往中国以牟利。故选 B。64．细节理解题。根据第三段“The torching of fossil fuels has grown so quickly that the world isheading to atmospheric concentrations of carbon dioxide beyond 400 parts per million — a levelunseen in human history.(化石燃料的燃烧增长如此之快，以至于全球正在接近超出每百万体积 400 份的二氧化碳浓度水平——这是人类历史上未曾见过的水平。)”可知，化石燃料的过度燃烧导致了空气污染问题，故选 B。65．推理判断题。根据第三段“Particles and chemicals released from power plants and vehiclesare killing us as the CO₂dissolves the Great Barrier Reef and helps rob Alaska of a winter.( 化石燃料的燃烧增长如此之快，以至于全球正在接近超出每百万体积 400 份的二氧化碳浓度水平——这是人类历史上未曾见过的水平。)”可知，燃烧化石燃料导致阿拉斯加的冬季变暖，故选 C。66．主旨大意题。根据最后一段“But with more people dying from air pollution each year thanmalaria and HIV, it’s clear that far more needs to be done to clean up our cities, stem the flow ofplastic into the environment and help rapidly growing economies exploit the sun and the wind,rather than coal, for their energy needs.(但是，每年因空气污染而死亡的人数超过了疟疾和艾滋病死者的总和，因此显然我们需要采取更多措施来清洁城市环境，遏制塑料进入环境的流动，并帮助快速发展的经济体利用太阳能和风能，而不是依赖煤炭来获取能源。)”可知，文中主试卷第 29 页，共 32 页要讨论空气质量问题及 Vitality Air 销售瓶装空气的现象，其中提及瓶装空气并不是解决空气污染的灵丹妙药，A“瓶装空气：远离空气污染的灵丹妙药”符合主题，适合做标题。故选A。Section CDirections: Read the following passages. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box.Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need.Not All Waste Has to Go to WasteMost of the world’s 2.22 billion tons of annual trash ends up in landfills or open dumps.Veena Sahajwalla, a materials scientist and engineer at the University of New South Wales inSydney, Australia, has created a solution to our massive trash problem: waste microfactories.There little trash processors — some as small as 500 square feet — house a series of machinesthat recycle waste and transform it into new materials with the new technology. 67Sahajwalla launched the world’s first waste micro factory targeting electronic waste, ore-waste, in 2018 in Sydney. A second one began recycling plastics in 2019. Now, her lab group isworking with university and industry partners to commercialize their patented microfactorytechnology. 68 The approach will also allow cities to recycle waste into new products onlocation, avoiding the long, often international, high-emission treks between recycling processorsand manufacturing plants. With a microfactory, gone are the days of needing separate facilities tocollect and store materials, extract elements and produce new products.69 Her invention evolves this idea by taking materials from an old product andcreating something different. “The kids don’t look like the parents,” she says.For example, the microfactory can break down old smartphones and computer monitors andextract silica (from the glass) and carbon (from the plastic casing), and then combine themtogether. This generates a common material with many industrial uses. 70In 2019, just 17.4 percent of e-waste was recycled, so they ability to re-form offers a crucialnew development in the challenge recycling complex electronic devices. “We can do so muchmore with materials,” says Sahajwalla.A．Traditional recycling has not worked for every recycling challenge, especially the recycling of试卷第 32 页，共 32 页e-waste.B．She says the small scale of the machines will make it easier for them to one day operate onrenewable energy, unlike most large manufacturing plants.C．Sahajwalla refers to this process as “the fourth R”, adding “re-form” to the common phrase“reduce, rouse, recycle.”D． Electronics contains various poisonous chemicals and materials that are released into theenvironments if they are not dealt with properly.E．The new all-in-one approach could leave our current recycling processes in the dust.F． Traditionally, recycling plants break down materials for reuse in similar products — likemelting down plastic to make more plastic things.【答案】67．E 68．B 69．F 70．C【导语】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了 Veena Sahajwalla 发明的废物微工厂，可解决大量垃圾问题，还阐述了其优势、工作原理及在电子废物回收方面的重要意义等。67．根据上文“Veena Sahajwalla, a materials scientist and engineer at the University of New SouthWales in Sydney, Australia, has created a solution to our massive trash problem: wastemicrofactories. There little trash processors — some as small as 500 square feet — house aseries of machines that recycle waste and transform it into new materials with the newtechnology.(澳大利亚悉尼新南威尔士大学的材料科学家兼工程师 Veena Sahajwalla 为我们庞大的垃圾问题创造了一个解决方案：废物微工厂。这些小型垃圾处理器（有些小至 500 平方英尺）装有一系列机器，这些机器利用新技术回收废物并将其转化为新材料)”可知，此处是在介绍废物微工厂这种一体化的回收流程，可推理出下文说的是这种一体化流程比传统方式的优势之处，与 E 项“The new all-in-one approach could leave our current recycling processes inthe dust.(这种新的一体化方法可能会让我们现有的回收流程相形见绌)”表达的意思一致，故选 E 项。68．根据上文“Sahajwalla launched the world’s first waste micro factory targeting electronicwaste, or e-waste, in 2018 in Sydney. A second one began recycling plastics in 2019. Now, her labgroup is working with university and industry partners to commercialize their patentedmicrofactory technology.(Sahajwalla 于 2018 年在悉尼启动了世界上第一个针对电子废物（即电子垃圾）的废物微工厂。第二个工厂于 2019 年开始回收塑料。现在，她的实验室小组正试卷第 29 页，共 32 页在与大学和行业合作伙伴合作，将其专利微工厂技术商业化)”以及下文“The approach willalso allow cities to recycle waste into new products on location, avoiding the long, ofteninternational, high-emission treks between recycling processors and manufacturing plants.(这种方法还将使城市能够在当地将废物回收制成新产品，避免了回收加工商和制造工厂之间漫长的、通常是跨国的、高排放的长途跋涉)”可知，本段提到 Sahajwalla 的微工厂，且空后 also 证明了这个微工厂的另一个好处，因此，空处应提到微工厂的好处，B 项“She says the small scaleof the machines will make it easier for them to one day operate on renewable energy, unlike mostlarge manufacturing plants.(她说，这些机器的小型化将使它们未来更容易使用可再生能源，这与大多数大型制造工厂不同)”说明微工厂的的好处之一，承上启下，符合语境，故选 B 项。69． 根 据 下 文 “Her invention evolves this idea by taking materials from an old product andcreating something different. (她的发明通过从旧产品中提取材料并创造出不同的东西来发展这一理念)”可知，这里是在说明传统的回收方式与 Sahajwalla 的发明的不同之处，可推理出空处说的是传统的回收工厂的回收方法的特点，F 项“Traditionally, recycling plants breakdown materials for reuse in similar products — like melting down plastic to make more plasticthings.(传统上，回收工厂将材料分解以便在类似产品中重复使用——比如熔化塑料来制造更多塑料制品)”说明传统的回收方法，与下文形成对比，符合语境，故选 F 项。70．根据上文“For example, the microfactory can break down old smartphones and computermonitors and extract silica (from the glass) and carbon (from the plastic casing), and then combinethem together. This generates a common material with many industrial uses.(例如，微工厂可以分解旧智能手机和电脑显示器，从玻璃中提取二氧化硅，从塑料外壳中提取碳，然后将它们组合在一起。这产生了一种有许多工业用途的常见材料)”可知，这里在举例说明微工厂的回收过程，它的特点是重新生成了一种有许多工业用途的常见材料，C 项“Sahajwalla refers to thisprocess as “the fourth R”, adding “re-form” to the common phrase “reduce, rouse, recycle.”(Sahajwalla 将这一过程称为“第四个 R”，在常见的“减少、唤醒、回收”短语中加入了“重新形成”)”是对前面的例子的总结归纳，符合语境，故选 C 项。IV. Summary Writing (10分)Directions: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of thepassage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.试卷第 32 页，共 32 页71．Directions: Read the following three passages. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.Read with Eyes or EarsPicture yourself sitting at home in a quiet reading nook, ignoring the world around you,absorbed in a tale. You read the blurb, instantly became intrigued and now you’re in the middle ofan absolute page-turner. But, there’s a hot debate-physical books vs. books vs. audiobooks. Doesthe device you’re using to read affect your reaction to the book?Generally, reading uses several areas of the brain. There’s attention span, reasoning,reading fluency, memory and language comprehension. Reading is known to strengthencommunicative ability, vocabulary and increase emotional intelligence and social perception. So,whichever way you’re reading, there are definitely benefits.But, let’s look at the pros to reading with your eyes-that’s physical books and e-books.They can help to retain information better. This is because when you can actually see the words,your attention is held more closely. Add to this the fact that with physical books you can go backand find any part you missed, especially if your mind wanders, which it likely will at some pointor other.On the other hand, there’s the audiobook. Headphones in, you’re switched off from life andthe story really comes alive, almost like watching a film-in your head. From a scientificperspective, listening to an audiobook is likely to help you develop a greater sense of empathy asyou hear the emotion of the narrator. We can more easily understand inflection and intonation.Hearing the story engages different parts of the brain, heightening the intensity and imagery,making you enjoy it more.All in all, it seems that there are advantages to both physical books and audiobooks.Perhaps, next time you find yourself browsing bookshop shelves, also consider the format. It mayjust change your whole literary experience.___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________试卷第 29 页，共 32 页__________________________________________________________________________________________【答案】There is a heated debate between physical books and audiobooks. Both offer distinctadvantages. Physical books allow for better information retention as you can see the words andeasily go back. Audiobooks, on the other hand, develop empathy as you hear the emotion of thenarrator. Consider different formats to enhance your literary experience.【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍说，在纸质书或电子书和有声书之间存在着激烈的争论。两者都有各自的优势。实体书可以更好地保留信息，因为你可以看到单词并很容易地返回。另一方面，当你听到叙述者的情感时，有声读物会培养同理心。考虑不同的格式来增强你的文学体验。【详解】1 要点摘录①But, there’s a hot debate-physical books vs. books vs. audiobooks.②So, whichever way you’re reading, there are definitely benefits.③They can help to retain information better.④Add to this the fact that with physical books you can go back and find any part you missed,especially if your mind wanders, which it likely will at some point or other.⑤From a scientific perspective, listening to an audiobook is likely to help you develop a greatersense of empathy as you hear the emotion of the narrator.⑥ Perhaps, next time you find yourself browsing bookshop shelves, also consider the format. Itmay just change your whole literary experience.2.缜密构思将第 1、2、5、6 几个要点进行重组，将第 3、4 两个要点进行整合。3.遣词造句There is a heated debate between paper books and audio books.Both have their advantages.Physical books can retain information better because you can see the words and go back easily.Audiobooks, on the other hand, foster empathy when you hear the narrator’s emotions.Consider different formats to enhance your experience of literature.【点睛】[高分句型 1] There is a heated debate between physical books and audiobooks.(这句话运用了 there be 句型及过去分词作定语)试卷第 32 页，共 32 页[高分句型 2] Physical books allow for better information retention as you can see the words andeasily go back. (这句话运用了 as 引导的原因状语从句)V. Translation (第1-2句，每句3分；第3句，4分；第4句5分；共15分)Directions: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.72．买很多不需要的东西有意义吗？ (point)【答案】Is there any point buying too many unnecessary things?【详解】考查固定句式和 there be 的一般疑问句。陈述客观情况，用一般现在时，固定句式there is no point doing，做……是没有意义的，转换为一般疑问句形式为 Is there any pointdoing? 形容词 unnecessary（不需要的）修饰名词 things，故翻译为：Is there any point buyingtoo many unnecessary things?73．志愿者们蹑手蹑脚地走进养老院以免吵醒熟睡中的老人们。(tiptoe)【答案】Volunteers tiptoed into the nursing home to avoid waking up the sleeping elderly.【详解】考查动词短语和不定式。句子陈述过去的动作，用一般过去时。“志愿者们”为Volunteers，作主语。句中的“蹑手蹑脚地走”译为 tiptoe，“蹑手蹑脚地走进养老院”作动词短语 tiptoe into the nursing home，“以免吵醒熟睡中的老人们”表示目的，使用不定式短语 toavoid waking up the sleeping elderly 来表达。故翻译为：Volunteers tiptoed into the nursing hometo avoid waking up the sleeping elderly.74．对一个作家来说，没有比看到自己付出心血的作品放在书架上无人问津更烦心的事了。(There...)【答案】There is nothing more frustrating to a writer than to see the work he has worked so hardfor sitting on a shelf.【详解】考查固定句型、形容词、定语从句和动词短语。根据句意以及句子的提示要求可知，该句为 There is nothing more…than…的固定句型，表示“没有什么比……更……”；表示“令人沮丧的”为形容词 frustrating；表示“看到作品”应为动词短语 see the work；后接省略关系代词that 的定语从句，在该定语从句中，表示“努力工作为了……”应为动词短语 work so hard for…，陈述已经完成的动作用现在完成时；表示“在书架上”为 sit on a shelf，sit 和逻辑主语 work试卷第 29 页，共 32 页之间为主动关系，用现在分词作宾补。故翻译为：There is nothing more frustrating to a writerthan to see the work he has worked so hard for sitting on a shelf.75．这部时长两个多小时的电影，在九月底首发，激起了中国人民心底强烈的爱国之情。（launch）【答案】The movie that/which lasts more than two hours, when (it was) first launched at the endof September, has aroused great patriotic feelings from the bottom of Chinese people’s heart.【详解】考查定语从句，状语从句的省略以及动词时态。表示“电影”用 the movie，为句子的主语，表示“这部时长两个多小时的电影”用 which/that lasts more than two hours，此处使用that/which 引导的定语从句对 movie 进行修饰，引导词在从中作主语，从句表述客观事实，故使用一般现在时，表示“持续”用 last；表示“在九月底首发”用 when （it was）first launchedat the end of September，此处使用 when 引导状语从句，it 指代 the movie，表示“发行”用 launch，二者之前为被动关系，同时表示“首先”用 first，表示“九月底”用 at the end of September，其为一般过去时的时间标志，故从句使用一般过去时的被动语态，或者可以构成状语从句的省略结构即省略 it was；同时表示“激发，激起”用动词 arouse，此处表示动作发生在过去，对现在有影响，故使用现在完成时即 has aroused，其为主句的谓语动词；表示“强烈的爱国之情”用 great patriotic feelings 为句子的宾语；表示“从中国人们心底”用 from the of Chinesepeople’s heart，使用 from 构成的介词短语作状语。故翻译为 The movie that/which lasts morethan two hours, when (it was) first launched at the end of September, has aroused great patrioticfeelings from the bottom of Chinese people’s heart.VI. Guided Writing （25 分）Directions: Write an English composition in 120-150 words according to the instructions givenbelow in Chinese.76．假如你是某国际中学生论坛的发言代表，请以“未来的生活”为主题，写一篇英文发言稿，描述你对 2050 年生活的设想。内容包括但不限于：1. 未来科技对人类生活的影响；2. 社会环境的变化（如教育、交通、健康等）；3. 你希望未来生活具备的特点。试卷第 32 页，共 32 页可适当发挥，使文章连贯，文中不得出现真实的姓名和校名。___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________【答案】Ladies and Gentlemen, fellow students from around the globe,As we stand on the brink of a new era, let us imagine the life we aspire to in 2050.Our social environment will witness profound transformations. Autonomous vehicles willdominate our roadways, reducing accidents and traffic congestion, while public transportation willbecome more efficient and eco-friendly. In health, personalized medicine and advanceddiagnostics will enable early detection and treatment of diseases, leading to longer, healthier lives.Virtual reality will revolutionize education, making learning experiences immersive and accessibleto all.In this future, I hope our lives are characterized by balance. With technology augmentingour capabilities, we should strive for work-life harmony, nurturing mental well-being andfostering stronger community ties. Let us aim for a world where technology empowers, rather thanoverwhelms, ensuring a future that is both progressive and humane.【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生以“未来的生活”为主题，写一篇英文发言稿，描述对 2050 年生活的设想。【详解】1.词汇积累想象：imagine→picture改变：transformation→change而不是：rather than→instead of确保：ensure→make sure2.句式拓展简单句变复合句原句：Virtual reality will revolutionize education, making learning experiences immersive andaccessible to all.试卷第 29 页，共 32 页拓展句：Virtual reality will revolutionize education, which makes learning experiences immersiveand accessible to all.【点睛】[高分句型 1] As we stand on the brink of a new era, let us imagine the life we aspire toin 2050. (运用了 as 引导时间状语从句和省略关系词的定语从句)[高分句型 2] Virtual reality will revolutionize education, making learning experiences immersiveand accessible to all. (运用了现在分词作状语)试卷第 32 页，共 32 页