（2025-2026学年）小学英语小升初语法知识梳理总结与练习-考点12——句式

这是一份（2025-2026学年）小学英语小升初语法知识梳理总结与练习-考点12——句式，共4页。试卷主要包含了 陈述句肯定形式变否定形式， 陈述句变一般疑问句， 陈述句变特殊疑问句， 陈述句变感叹句， 祈使句等内容，欢迎下载使用。

一．考点精讲
1. 陈述句肯定形式变否定形式
Tips: nt与其他词连在一起时，一般写为缩略形式，但am nt不缩写。
常见缩略形式如下：
is nt = isn’t are nt = aren’t was nt = wasn’t were nt = weren’t
d nt = dn’t des nt = desn’t did nt = didn’t have nt = haven’t
has nt = hasn’t shuld nt = shuldn’t must nt = mustn’t need nt = needn’t
can nt = can’t will nt = wn’t
2. 陈述句变一般疑问句
Tips: 在一般疑问句时，注意人称的变换 I,we改为yu; my, ur改为yur 除了“Can I…？” “Wuld yu like …？” 这两种的sme不用改为any之外，其余疑问句中的sme要改为any。
3. 陈述句变特殊疑问句
4. 陈述句变感叹句
5. 祈使句
6. there be句型与have句型
类别
方法
示例
谓语动词为be动词
(am, is, are, was, were)
在be动词后直接+ nt
He is a student. →
He isn’t a student.
He was a teacher befre. →
He wasn’t a teacher befre.
谓语动词含有情态动词
(can, will, must, shuld…)
在情态动词后直接+ nt
He can play ftball well. →
He can’t play ftball well.
谓语动词为实义动词，且没有情态动词、助动词
在谓语动词(务必用动词原形)
前+ dn’t (原形用)；desn’t (三单用)；didn’t (过去时用)
I like apples. →
I dn’t like apples.
He likes apples. →
He desn’t like apples.
I liked apples befre. →
I didn’t like apples befre.
类别
方法
示例
谓语动词为be动词
(am, is, are, was, were)
第一步：把be动词放在句首 ( I am/We are改为Are yu; I was/We were改为Were yu)
第二步：句号改问号
He is kind. →
Is he kind ?
I am a student. →
Are yu a student ?
Mike was thin befre. →
Was Mike thin befre ?
谓语动词含有情态动词
(can, will, must, shuld…)
第一步：把情态动词放在句首
第二步：句号改问号
(注意人称的变换)
I can sing. →
Can yu sing ?
I’d like sme tmates. →
Wuld yu like sme tmates ?
谓语动词为实义动词，且没有情态动词、助动词
第一步：在句首加D/Des/Did,后用动词原形
第二步：句号改问号
(注意人称的变换)
I g t schl n ft. →
D yu g t schl n ft ?
He ges t schl n ft. →
Des he g t schl n ft ?
I went t schl n ft. →
Did yu g t schl n ft ?
类别
特殊疑问句
示例
问人
Wh
He is my father. → Wh is he ?
问谁的……
Whse
It is Amy’s bk. → Whse bk is it ?
问时间
When
What time
I get up at six. → When d yu get up ?
It’s six ’clck. → What time is it ?
问位置
Where
The by is under the tree. → Where is the by ?
问原因
Why
I like summer because I can swim. → Why d yu like summer ?
问选择
Which
I liked the red pen. → Which pen d yu like ?
问事、物
What
This is an range. → What is this ?
I ften watch TV. → What d yu ften d ?
问爱好
What
I like singing and dancing. → What are yur hbbies ?
问颜色
What clur
The bag is black. → What clur is the bag ?
问星期
What day
Tday is Mnday. → What day is tday ?
问季节
Which
What
I like summer best. → Which seasn d yu like best ?
My favrite seasn is spring → What is yur favrite seasn ?
问交通方式
Hw
I g t schl n ft. → Hw d yu g t schl ?
问年龄
Hw ld
My sister is 12 years ld. → Hw ld is yur sister ?
问数量
Hw many
There are ten apples n the tree. → Hw many apples are there n the tree
问价钱
Hw much
The shes are 60 yuan. → Hw much are the shes ?
问体重
Hw heavy
The girl is 35kg. → Hw heavy is the girl ?
问身高
Hw tall
I’m 1.54 metres. → Hw tall are yu ?
方法
示例
① 找出句子中最后面的单词，看看是名词还是形容词（副词），名词用What，形容词（副词）用Hw
② 把What / Hw 放在句首，接着写be动词/动词后面的单词，再写be动词/动词前面的单词和be动词/动词，最后加上感叹号
① She is a tall girl. (女孩，名词，用What)
→ What a tall girl she is ! (多么高的女孩啊！)
② They are kind teachers. (老师，名词，用What)
→ What kind teachers they are ! (多么和蔼的老师们啊！)
③ The stry is funny. (有趣的，形容词，用Hw)
→ Hw funny the stry is ! (多么有趣的故事啊！)
④ The man drives fast. (快，副词，用Hw)
→ Hw fast the man drives! (这个男人开车开得好快啊！)
类别
形式
示例
肯定祈使句
① 谓语动词是动词原形
Stand up.
② be +名词短语或形容词
① Be a gd by. ② Be careful
③ let + 宾格 + 动词原形
Let me help yu.
否定祈使句
以动词原形和be开头的
直接在句首+ Dn’t
Sit dwn, please. → Dn’t sit dwn, please
Be sad. → Dn’t be sad.
以please开头的祈使句
在please后+ dn’t
Please stp. → Please dn’t stp.
③ let开头的祈使句有两种变化
A. 直接在let前 + Dn’t
B. Let + 宾语 + nt
Let’s g t schl.
→ Dn’t let’s g t schl.
→ Let’s nt g t schl.
④ n开头的祈使句
N finishing. N swimming.
类别
主要用法
例句
There be（有）表示某地有某物/某人
① There be + 某物/某人+某地.
There is a by near the lake.
②当句子出现几个并列主语时，谓语动词的单复数要与最接近be动词的那个主语的单复数保持一致，即“就近原则”
There is an egg and sme apples n the table.
There are sme apples and an egg n the table.
③ There be + nt + 某物/某人+某地.
There are nt any children in the classrm.
④ Is / Are there + 某物/某人+某地?
Is there any water in the cup ?
⑤ 询问某地有什么时
用“ What + be动词 + 地点？”
There is a kite in the tree.
→ What’s in the tree ? (there通常省略)
have / has（有）表示某人/某物有某物
除了主语为第三人称单数谓语动词用has外，其余的用have
①I have many bks.
②Tm has sme ranges.
③A hrse has fur legs.