外研版（2024）七年级下册英语期末复习：各单元语法复习学案

这是一份外研版（2024）七年级下册英语期末复习：各单元语法复习学案，共20页。学案主要包含了一般过去时的概念，一般过去时常用时间状语，一般过去时的结构，动词过去式的规则变化，用所给词的适当形式填空等内容，欢迎下载使用。

巩固训练
一、写出下列动词的过去式。
1. is
2. are
3. have
4. g
5. d
6. stp
7. see
8. sit
9. stay
10. eat
11. thank
12. decide
13. feel
14. make
15. cry
16. carry
17. play
18. put
19. read
20. buy
21. take
22. say
23. get
24. give
25. live
二、用括号中所给词的适当形式填空。
1. I (have ) an exciting party last weekend.
2. she (play) her guitar yesterday? N, she .
3. What Tm (d) n Saturday evening? He (watch) TV and (read) an interesting bk.
4. They all (g) t the muntains yesterday mrning.
5. She (nt visit) her aunt last weekend. She (stay) at hme and (d) sme cleaning.
6. When yu (write) this sng? I (write) it last year.
7. My friend, Carl, (study) fr the maths test and (practise) English last night.
8. Mr Li (d) the prject n Mnday mrning？
9. - Hw (be) Jim' s weekend? - It (be nt ) bad.
10. (be) yur mther a sales assistant（售货员）last year？- N, she .
11. I (g) t the park last weekend.
12. When Sam (d) his hmewrk last night?
13. Linda (clean) the rm yesterday.
14. My grandfather (be) sick last week.
15. He ften (play) basketball after schl when he was a student.
16. They (be)very happy t hear the gd news yesterday.
17.I (see) him tday. He went t see his grandmther.
18. I (be) busy last week.
19. Mary_ (nt visit) her aunt last mnth.
20. There (be) a lt f peple in this village five years ag.
21. I (buy) a new dictinary the day befre yesterday.
22. She (give) me a bk a mment ag.
23. The girl (get) up early this mrning.
24. They (take) phts near the river an hur ag.
25. He (nt draw) pictures yesterday evening.
26.Mr Green (cme) t visit me last night.
27. The teacher (agree) t ur idea yesterday.
28. He said he (feel) terrible.
29. They (make) him wrk twelve hurs a day last year.
30. І (see) him in the library tw days ag.
31. She (write) her address n the blackbard ten minutes ag.
32. The gvernment (build) a new bridge last year.
33. Tm (spend) the weekend with the animals int the z.
34. Linda (knw) the bad news just nw.
35. The bss（老板） (drive) his car t Lndn fr a hliday.
三、改写句子。
1. Lucy did her hmewrk at hme.（改否定句）
Lucy her hmewrk at hme.
2. He fund sme meat in the fridge（冰箱）．（变一般疑问句）
he meat in the fridge?
3. Frank read an interesting bk abut histry. (改为一般疑问句）
Frank an interesting bk abut histry?
4. There was sme range in the cup.（变一般疑问句）
there range in the cup?
5. My family went t the beach last week.(对划线部分提问）
family last week?
6. I had sme friends.（改为否定句和一般疑问）
I friends.
have friends?
7. Sally did sme reading in the mrning last year. (改为否定句）
Sally in the mrning last year.
8. She did sme washing yesterday. (改为一般疑问句）
washing yesterday?
9. We visited ur teacher last night. (对划线部分提问）
yu last night?
10. D yu g t schl by bus every Mnday? (用last Mnday替换every Mnday)
yu t schl by bus ？
11. There was sme water in the bttle. (改为一般疑问句）
water in the bttle?
12. He cleaned his rm yesterday. (对划线部分提问）
he yesterday?
13. Thmas spent 10 yuan n this bk. (改为否定句）
Thmas 10 yuan n this bk.
14. Tm called Jim at eighty thirty. (对划线部分提问）
called Jim at eighty thirty?
15. - Did yu win the match with yur friends yesterday? (作肯定回答）
- , .
四、用方框中所给单词的适当形式填空，使短文内容完整（每个单词限用一次，每空限填一词）
g lve fall begin will lk lie
Serena is interested in stries. She 1. listening t her grandpa's bedtime stries. Every night befre ging t bed, she 2. in her bed, waiting fr Grandpa t tell a stry. Grandpa's stries seem t have a kind f magic pwer that can take Serena t different wnderful wrlds.
One day, Grandpa 3. ill. He had t stay in bed all day. Serena was very wrried abut him. That night, instead f（而不是）waiting fr Grandpa t cme t her rm, Serena 4. t Grandpa's rm. She sat next t her grandpa's bed gently (温柔地) and said, "Grandpa, tnight I will tell yu a stry." Grandpa 5.
at her with a smile and he was very mved.
Serena 6. t tell the stry. She tld the stry just like hw Grandpa always did. Grandpa listened carefully and felt s warm inside. Frm that day n, Serena 7. be the ne t tell the bedtime stries. Their bedtime stries have accmpanied (陪伴) each ther thrugh every mment f their life.
时态对比
巩固训练
一、写出下列动词的第三人称单数形式
wrk__________ read__________ clean__________ write__________
teach__________ wash__________ guess__________ watch__________
g__________ d___________ study__________ fly__________
cry__________ play__________ have_________ study__________
二、写出下列动词的现在分词（ing）形式
wrk___________ sing__________ play__________ study__________
dance__________ have__________ write__________ take__________
run__________ sit__________ shp__________ swim__________
lie__________ read_________ fly_______ plant________
三、写出下列动词的过去式
is\am_________ fly_______ plant________ are ________
drink_________ play_______ g________ make ________
des_________ dance ________ wrry________ ask _____
taste_________ eat__________ draw________ put ______
thrw________ kick_________ pass_______ d ________
study _________ stp_________ read_________ can_________
speak_________ say_________ thank________ buy_________
bring _________ take________ read_________ fly_______
四、动词过去式不规则变化复习总结
常考过去式
have有 make制作 eat 吃
get 到达 take 拿来 say说话
tell告诉 find找到 d做
g去 see看见 hear听见
原形--过去式 同形
cut切割 put放置 let让
set 设置 hurt 受伤 read朗读
重读元音变成a
run 跑步 cme 来 becme变成
begin开始 drink 喝水 sing 唱歌
swim游泳 ring唱歌
w/aw变成ew
knw知道 grw 种植，成长 draw画画
fly飞翔 thrw 扔
变成ught / aught
buy 购买 fight 打架 think思考
bring带来 catch抓住 teach教育
元音变成
speak说话 drive驾驶 write书写
frget忘记 ride骑车 chse选择
d变成t
send寄送 spend花费 build建设
feel感觉 keep保持 sleep睡觉
五、用所给词的适当形式填空
1.If it __________ (nt rain) tmrrw, we will g t cllect waste water fr recycling.
2.Everything __________ (be) half price in the supermarket tday.
3.Linda always __________ (have) sme bread fr breakfast.
4. The kite __________ (fly) up t the sky. The children were s happy.
5. I __________ (miss) the first bus this mrning.
6. Nra __________ (stick) sme dry flwers nt the gift bx and gave it t her friend.
7. They __________ (help) us a lt when we were in Beijing.
8.My cusin Andrew wanted t learn mre abut DIY, s he __________ (g) t DIY curses last mnth.
9.We walked int the restaurant and a friendly waiter __________ (lead) us t ur table.
10.My brther usually des his hmewrk in the evening, but he __________ (nt d) his hmewrk last night.
11.Mr Green __________ (visit) the Summer Palace next Friday.
12.Her father __________ (buy) her a nice present n her next birthday.
13.I’m waiting at the stp. I __________ (take) a bus t my uncle’s farm.
14.A grup f ants are busy mving. It __________ (rain).
15.Our schl __________ (have) a sprts meeting next week.
16.Lk! Sme students __________ (plant) trees n the hill.
17.Lk! She is __________ (talk) with a Russian abut the painting in the museum.
18.—What’s yur mther ding?—She’s __________ (make) sup in the kitchen.
19.Listen! There __________ (seem) t be a ghst singing nt far frm the wall.
20.Lk! The students __________ (answer) the questins carefully.
21. Where ________ he________ (tell) her the news?
22. She can _______ (help) me with my English.
23. They __________ (read) newspapers nw.
24. Mike __________(g) t the park with his sister yesterday.
25. Last night, she ________(watch) TV with his parents.
26. Dn’t make a nise. Grandpa __________(sleep).
27. They ________ (visit) the Great Wall nw.
28._______yu _____( g) schl yesterday? N, I ________( nt).
29. —What did yu d last Sunday?—I ________(study) fr the English test.
30. The by likes English very much, s he ________ (practice) reading English every mrning.
31. Lk! Liu Ying _________ (d) her hmewrk.
32.Jenny and Danny usually________(play) games in the afternn .
33. I _________ (have) an exciting party last weekend.
34. They all _________(g) t the muntains yesterday mrning.
35. She ________(nt visit) her aunt last weekend. She _______ (stay) at hme and ________(d) sme cleaning.
36. Mike __________(nt g) t bed until 12 'clck last night.S he ______ (get) up late.
37.We _______________ (have) a math test next week.
38.I ___________ (call) yu as sn as I get there.
39.What _________ yu ging t ________ (d) next mnth?
40.There ____________ (be) a ftball match next Mnday .
41.If yu jin the Lins,yu________(becme) a great player.
42.Lk at the dark cluds.It ________(rain) later.
43.She ________(give) me a nice present n my next birthday.
44.There _________(be) a ftball match in Beijing next mnth.
45. My mther ________________ (nt d) husewrk yesterday.
六、阅读下面短文，用括号内所给动词的适当形式填空
Tm wrked in the ffice f Mr Bates.One day, when Tm gt t the ffice,a letter (1) (wait) fr him. He pened it..
“Dear Tm,” the letter said,“I (2) (write) t thank yu fr yur help. Yu (3) (help) me s much when I came t yur ffice. Here's a ticket fr the big ftball match.” Tm lked at the ticket. He culd nt believe that he had it. Everyne lked frward t (4) (watch) the match!
“I must watch the match,” he thught.“I must. I (5) (expect) the big match fr 4 years.”
Tm thught and thught. He (6)_ _(can’t put) his heart int any wrk. Then at twelve 'clck he knew what (7) (d).
He went ut f the ffice and called his sister, Jean.
At ne ’clck Mr Bates came up t him. “I have bad news fr yu, Tm. Yur sister telephned just nw. Yur mther (8) (be) sent t hspital a mment ag."
“Thank yu,” Tm said.“I will g t the hspital. I (9) (cme) back as sn as pssible.”
In the end, Tm (10) (leave) the ffice quickly fr the ftball grund. Tm’s ticket was a gd ne. He culd stand near the frnt.
The next mrning, when Tm gt t the ffice, Mr Bates came up t him. “Yu’re fired(解雇), Tm.” Then he walked away angrily. “But why?” Tm asked. Then a girl said, “We saw the match n TV here yesterday! Yu were n TV! Tm, yu had such a gd ticket!”
本单元的核心语法是不定代词。涉及的不定代词有：bth、either、neither、all和nne。
bth
含义：表示“两者；双方；两个都”
例句：We bth passed the exam.
补充用法：bth…and… 两者都，连接并列主语时，谓语动词要用复数
例句2：Bth he and his wife enjy tennis.
either
含义：表示“（两者中的）任何一个”
例句：Yu can use either f the tw cmputers.
补充用法：either…r… 要么…要么…，连接并列主语时，谓语动词要和离它最近的主语部分保持一致，即符合“就近原则” 。
例句2：Either yu r I am right.
neither
含义：表示“两者都不；两者中无一”，是对两者的否定
例句：I see tw bys at the dr, but neither f them was my friend.
补充用法：neither…nr… 既不…也不…，连接并列主语时，谓语动词要和离它最近的主语部分保持一致，即符合“就近原则” 。
例句2：Neither she nr I am at hme.
all
含义：表示“全体；一切”，指三者及以上
例句：All f my friends lve swimming.
nne
含义：表示“全无；没有一个”，是对三者及以上的否定。当nne作主语时，谓语动词用单数或复数均可
例句：Nne f my classmates like/likes him.
Unit 2 不定代词
练习1：根据句意选择正确的代词（bth, either, neither, all, nne）填空，注意动词形式。
1. My parents are ______ teachers.
2. Yu can take ______ the blue pen ______ the red pen. They’re free.
3. ______ f the students passed the exam. They need t try again.
4. —Wuld yu like tea r cffee? — ______ is fine. Thank yu!
5. ______ f my brthers like ftball. Bth f them prefer basketball.
6. There are three bks n the desk, but ______ f them are mine.
1.表示数量的普通不定代词
sme
修饰可数或不可数名词
用法1：多用于肯定句中；
例句1：There are sme apples in the basket.
用法2：用在表示建议、请求或希望得到对方肯定回答的疑问句；
例句2：Wuld yu like sme juice?
用法3：表示“某一”，相当于a certain,其后加单数可数名词；
例句3：Sme student left a bk here yesterday.
any
用法：多用于否定句、疑问句中；
例句：Are there any apples in the basket?
few
修饰可数名词
用法：表示否定意义，意为“几乎没有”；
例句：There are few apples left. Let’s buy mre.
a few
用法：表示肯定意义，意为“一些，几个”；
例句：I have a few bks abut space. D yu want t read them?
little
修饰不可数名词
用法：表示否定意义，意为“几乎没有”；
例句：There is little milk in the fridge. Let’s g shpping.
a little
用法：表示肯定意义，意为“少量，一点”；
例句：Dn’t wrry! We still have a little mney.
many
修饰可数名词
用法：代替或修饰可数名词复数，意为“许多，大量”；
例句：Many students are playing basketball n the playgrund.
much
修饰不可数名词
用法：代替或修饰不可数名词，意为“许多，大量”；
例句：We dn’t have much hmewrk tday.
除了本单元涉及的不定代词之外，到目前为止初中阶段还需明确的不定代词有如下几类：
练习2:用 few, a few, little, a little填空。
1. I have ______ friends in this city, s smetimes I feel lnely.
2. There is ______ milk in the fridge. Let’s buy mre.
3. She has ______ bks, s she can lend yu ne.
4. Dn’t wrry! We have ______ time left.
练习3: 用many，much，sme，any填空。(有的单词可用多次)
1. Hw are these apples?
2. Hw bks are there?
3. I have rice and fish fr dinner.
4. I dn't have candy.
5. Wuld yu like tea?
2.ther, the ther, thers, the thers, anther
ther
用法：作形容词，意为“其他的；另外的”，其后常跟复数名词
例句：I still have ther prblems.
the ther
用法：常用于ne…the ther… (一个…另一个…)结构中
例句：Lk at the tw hats. One is mine and the ther is Lily’s.
thers
用法：泛指其他人，其后不跟名词，相当于“ther+复数名词”，常用于结构sme…thers… (一些…另一些…)
例句：Yu shuld try t help thers.
the thers
用法：特指其他所有的人或物，相当于“the ther+复数名词”
例句：In the race, ne runner led the pack, while the thers struggled t keep up.
anther
用法：可以指三者或三者以上人或物中的另一个；还可以表示不确定数量的人或物中的另一个
例句：I dn’t like these T-shirts. Culd yu shw me anther ne?
练习4: 用适当单词填空（ther/thers/the ther/the thers/anther）。
1. My pencil is brken. D yu have pencil?
2. Sme peple like swimming, and enjy running.
3. There are tw bks here. One is mine, and is Lily's.
4. Ten students passed the exam. Five gt A grades, and gt B grades.
5. I ate ne ckie, then I ate tw.
3.复合不定代词
1. 初中阶段的常用符合不定代词
smebdy
（某人）
anybdy
（任何人）
nbdy
（没有人）
everybdy
（每个人）
smene
（某人）
anyne
（任何人）
n ne
（没有人）
everyne
（每个人）
smething
（某事）
anything
（任何事）
nthing
（没有东西）
everything
（每一件事）
2. 用法
（1）复合不定代词+形容词 I’ve gt smething imprtant t tell yu.
（2）复合不定代词+动词不定式 Wuld yu like smething t drink?
（3）复合不定代词作主语时，谓语动词要用单数形式。
- Is there anyne in the classrm? - N. Everyne is painting utside.
（4）复合不定代词后常加else，表示“另外…的” I gt the jb because nbdy else wanted it.
练习5: 用适当的不定代词填空。
1. I’m hungry. Can I have ______ t eat?
2. Did yu see ______ interesting at the museum?
3. ______ is kncking at the dr. G and check!
4. We searched ______ fr the lst puppy, but it was nwhere.
5. The bx is empty. There’s ______ inside!
巩固训练
一、用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空
1. Bth f us (be) brn in July.
2. All the students (be) very happy.
3. Neither yu nr he (be) wrng.
4. Nne f the students (speak) English.
5. Either yu r he (have) lunch at schl.
二、根据汉语意思完成句子
1.她既会跳舞又会唱歌。
She can dance sing.
2.明天要么你去那里,要么我去那里。
yu I am ging there tmrrw.
3.我的五名同学都加入了篮球俱乐部。
my five classmates jined the basketball club.
4.他们俩都不喜欢足球。
them likes ftball.
5.这些书他一本也不喜欢。
He likes these bks.
6.他们两个都是学生。
them are students./They students.
7.这些男孩都喜欢踢足球。
These bys playing ftball./ these bys like playing ftball.
8.我的父母都会说英语。
My parents speak English./ my parents can speak English.
9.没有学生单独去游泳。
the students ges swimming alne.
10.他们两个都不是来自天津。
them is frm Tianjin.
11.我喜欢游泳和冲浪。哪一个都可以。
I like swimming and surfing. OK.
12.尽管她的父母没有一个人上过大学，她还是很擅长学习。
Althugh her parents had gne t cllege,she was really gd at studying.
13.上个周末除了Tm，我们都去野餐了，因为他生病了。
Last weekend, us went fr a picnic except Tm because he was ill.
14.要么是你，要么是你妹妹参加这次比赛因为你们都擅长说英语。
yu yur sister will take part in the cntest.Because yu are gd at speaking English.
15.学生们对于这个问题给出了不同的答案，但是没有一个是对的。
The students gave three different answers t the questin,but them was right.
Unit 3 系动词
系动词也称连系动词（Linking verb），是用来辅助主语的动词。它本身有意义，但不能单独作为谓语，其后必须跟表语，构成系表结构，用来说明主语的状况、性质、特征或状态。
分类
词汇
用法
“状态”类
be动词：
am/is/are/was/were/been 是
stay/keep/remain 保持
lie/stand处于某种状态
He is a gd man.
She keeps silent at the meeting.
易错点：需要注意动词的时态变化和人称变化
“感官”类
lk 看起来；
smell闻起来；
sund听起来；
taste 尝起来；
feel摸起来，感觉
The cake tastes nice.
That sunds gd.
易错点：误用副词代替形容词。
❌ The flwer smells sweetly.
✅ The flwer smells sweet.
“似乎”类
seem/ appear 似乎
Yu seem happy.
She appears t be very happy.
“变化”类
becme变成;
get变得，处于；
grw逐渐变得；
turn变成，变得；
g变得；
fall进入（某种状态）
【辨析】
1. becme（正式且全面的变化）
He became a dctr. 他成为了医生。
2. get（口语化瞬时变化）
She gt angry suddenly. 她突然生气了。
3. grw（渐进式演变）
It's grwing dark. 天渐渐黑了。
4. turn（突变与颜色/性质变化）
Leaves turn yellw in autumn. 秋叶变黄。
5. g（负面性质变化）
The meat has gne bad. 肉变质了。
6. fall（被动进入状态）
She fell asleep. 她睡着了。
“结果”类
prve 证明是 turn ut 结果是
The party turned ut t be very successful.
常见结构：主语 + 系动词 + 表语（形容词/名词/介词短语）
核心特点：系动词后不接副词，需接形容词或名词作表语。
一、用方框中所给单词的适当形式填空。
smell, taste, becme, sund，remain
1. The weather htter and htter in summer.
2. This bwl f ndles delicius.
3. The cake s gd. I can't wait t eat it.
4.Tm quiet mst f the time. He seldm talks t ther peple.
5. Dn't speak like that. It implite.
二、用smell，taste，g，get，becme，grw，seem，lk，feel，turn的适当形式填空。
1. Yu ________ very yung.
2. At first thse questins ________easy, but later I fund them difficult.
3. After the sprts meeting, he ________ very tired.
4. My yunger brther ________ a student last year.
5. When we ________ up, we're ging t help build up ur cuntry.
6. The flwers ________very sweet.
7. Her face ________red just nw.
8. Jack ________very happy.
9. The mn cake ________gd.
10. The meat ________ bad yesterday.
四、句子翻译
1．听音乐使我感到快乐。
music makes me .
2．我爸爸每天看起来都很高兴。
My father every day.
3．帮助别人感觉很棒。
great t help thers.
这两个男孩是双胞胎，但他们看起来不一样。
The tw bys are twins, but they .
5．你的学校听起来很有趣。
Yur schl .
6．我喜欢春天，因为万物变成绿色。美极了！
I lve spring because everything . Hw beautiful it is!
7．天气一天天变得暖和了，但是你还能感到有一点冷。
The weather day by day, but yu can still a little .
8．我不想变胖，所以我不吃冰激凌。
I dn’t want t , s I dn’t eat ice-cream.
10．在春天，树木变绿了。
green in spring.
11．每个人都想保持健康。
Everyne wants t .
12．广场舞正逐渐受大妈们的欢迎。
Square dancing is amng the ld wmen.
五、语法填空
阅读下面短文,在空白处填入一个适当的词或填入括号中所给单词的正确形式。
We have a lt f trubles in ur lives, but we have t face them. When yu are feeling 1. ______ (happy)，there are six ways t make yu 2. ______ (feel) gd abut yurself.
Lk in the mirrr and say t 3. ______ (yu), “I'm a special persn and there's n ne4. ______ the wrld like me. I can d anything!” It may nt 5. ______ (sund) s gd, but it really wrks!
D smething nice fr smene. 6. ______ (help) thers always makes yu happy.
Smile! Be 7._______ (friend) t peple yu meet. Lk fr the gd things in yur friends and family.
Learn smething new! D yu always want t decrate yur wn rm r learn hw t swim? G fr it! New challenges are always fun.
Read and start 8. ______ diary. Turn ff the TV and let yur imaginatin(想象)fly! If yu have any thughts, dreams r anything yu want, write 9._______ (they) dwn! Writing always helps t express yur feelings.
Stay 10. ______ yur family. We all have ur family time. Talk with yur mum and dad r maybe even yur cusin.
1. 2. 3. 4. 5.

6. 7. 8. 9. 10.
定义
用来表达叮嘱、劝告、希望、禁止、请求或命令等的句子
特点
1. 祈使句一般没有主语
2. 以动词原形开头，无时态和数的变化
3. 在表达请求时，可以加上please；表达比较强烈的语气时，可以用感叹号
结构
肯定句
否定句
Be型
系动词Be+表语+其他
Be quiet, please! 请安静！
Dn’t/Never+系动词be+表语+其他
Dn't be late. 不要迟到。
D型
动词原形+其他
Clse the dr, please. 请关门！
Dn’t/Never+动词原形+其他
Dn’t play cmputer games t much.
不要玩太多电脑游戏。
Let型
Let+宾语+动词原形+其他
Let me help yu. 让我帮你。
Let+宾语+nt+动词原形+其他
Let’s nt waste time. 不要浪费时间。
Dn’t +let+宾语+动词原形+其他
Dn’t let the children run abut in the street.
不要让孩子们在街上乱跑。
N 型
/
N+ 名词/动名词
N parking! 禁止停车！
易错点
祈使句与动名词作主语时的句子结构区分，试比较：
1. Reading （read）bks is gd fr yu. 动名词作主语的句子其后有动词
2. Read （read）bks please. 祈使句动词已出现在开头，故其后无其他动词
祈使句+r+陈述句这个结构中，祈使句表示一种条件
Tell me the truth, r I'll be angry. 告诉我事实，否则我会生气。
Unit 4 祈使句
一. 用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空
1. (nt make) any nise(噪音).The baby is sleeping.
2. (turn) n the light, please. It's t dark in the rm.
3. Let him (nt play) ftball in the street.
4. (be) n time when yu meet friends.
5. (nt be) late fr schl again.
6. (nt leave) yur hmewrk fr tmrrw, Larry,
7. (wear) mre clthes, r yu will catch a cld.
8. Dn't (fight) with each ther in the schl.
9. (fllw) me and I'll shw yu the way.
10. Please (teach) me hw t play the guitar.
11. Bys and girls, please ( keep) the classrm tidy in schl.
12. Befre yu give up, (cnsider) what yur family will think abut it.
13.Dn't (put) away yur cat t early in spring. Yu may still need it.
14. (be) careful with the grammar in yur writing.
15. (wake) Tim up quickly, and it's time fr us t travel arund the city.
16. (nt lk) ut f the windw, children.
17.Jim, ( nt be) late fr schl again, r the teacher will be angry.
18. Never ( give) up and yu'll g nearer the success.
19. (wash) yur hands befre meals.
20. Please _ _______ (stand) up when the teacher cmes in.
21. ________ (lk) at the blackbard and listen t me carefully.
22. Nw, class. ________ (pen) yur bks and turn t Page 20.
23. ________ (be) quiet! The baby is sleeping.
24. Let me ________ (tell) yu the truth.
25. ________ (nt talk) in the library. Keep silent, please.
26. N ________ (eat) r drinking in the cmputer rm.
27. ________ (nt be) afraid f making mistakes in English.
28. Try yur best and never __ (give) up.
二、按要求完成句子
1. Yu can't tuch anything in the museum.(改为祈使句)
anything in the museum.
2.Yu must keep quiet in the library. (改为祈使句)
in the library.
3. Remember t bring yur dictinary t schl tmrrw.(改为同义句)
t bring yur dictinary t schl tmrrw.
4. If yu dn't think hard, yu wn't find the answer.(改为同义句)
,r yu wn't find the answer.
5. Take the bks t the classrm.(改为否定句)
the bks t the classrm.
6.Yu shuld finish yur hmewrk befre yu watch TV. (改为祈使句)
yur hmewrk befre yu watch TV.
7.Please dn't frget t turn ff the lights. (改为同义句)
the lights, please.
8.It's imprtant t keep yur rm clean. (改为祈使句)
yur rm clean.
9.Dn't talk ludly in the library. (改为同义句)
quietly in the library.
10.Yu must wear yur seatbelt when yu drive. (改为祈使句)
yur seatbelt when yu drive.
三、阅读下面短文,在空白处按要求填入适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式
In the past，children didn't have smart phnes r cmputers t have 1. (funny). They came up with a number 2. games which they culd play in their 3. (day) life.
4. (fly) kites is a gd way fr children t have fun fr many years. Kites have a lng histry. Tday, three 5. (kind) f the mst famus kites are the Beijing kite, the Tianjin kite and the Weifang kite. Each has 6. (it) wn special style (风格). The bird-shaped kite is a well-knwn Beijing style.
During the Qing Dynasty, kicking(踢) a stne ball arund was 7. ppular sprt in Nrth China, especially amng children in winter 8. it culd help them get warm.
Hide-and-seek is anther traditinal game fr children. There are usually tw ways 9. (play). When ne kid cvers his eyes, ther kids run arund t tuch him, r thers hide and ne child must try 10._ (find) them.
1. 2. 3. 4. 5.

6. 7. 8. 9. 10.
形容词（adj.）
用法
形容词用来描述和修饰名词或代词。
位置
1. 位于名词的前面，复合不定代词的后面。复合不定代词为：smene/smething/anyne/anything/everyne/everything/n ne/ nthing等。(Unit2语法)
2. 位于宾语的后面，对宾语起补充说明作用。如：It makes me happy.
3. 位于系动词的后面，常用系动词：be/lk/taste/smell/sund/becme…(Unit3语法)
辨析
一些形容词有两种形式，-ed或-ing。
-ed的形容词多指人的感受，主语通常是人；-ing的形容词多指事物或人的特征。
原形
-ing形容词
-ed形容词
例句
surprise
surprising
surprised
He was mving with surprising speed.
他正以惊人的速度前进。
I am surprised at the news. 我对这个消息感到惊讶。
interest
interesting
interested
I have an interesting bk. 我有一本有趣的书。
He is interested in English. 他对英语感兴趣。
excite
exciting
excited
It is exciting news. 这是一个令人兴奋的消息。
We are excited abut the news. 我们对这个消息很兴奋。
形容词的变形
常见的形容词否定前缀
un-
lucky → unlucky healthy → unhealthy happy → unhappy
in-
crrect → incrrect expensive → inexpensive direct → indirect
im-
pssible → impssible plite → implite patient → impatient
Unit 5 形容词副词比较级和最高级
副词（adv.）
用法
副词用来修饰动词、形容词、副词或整个句子的一类词。
位置
1. 修饰实义动词时，常位于实义动词的后面，如:run quickly
2. 修饰形容词、副词时，常位于被修饰形容词和副词的前面，常用的副词为very/ quite/. rather/ s/ really。如:very gd
3. 修饰整个句子时，常位于句首，用逗号与后面的句子隔开。如: Luckily, we wn.
形容词变副词的规则
1. 在形容词后面直接 + ly，如：slw → slwly
2. 以辅音字母+ le（常见ble/tle/ple）结尾的词，去e + y，如：pssible → pssibly
3. 以辅音字母+ y结尾的词，将y → i，再+ly，如：happy → happily
不规则
4. full → fully 完全地 whle → whlly完全地 true → truly 真正地 gd → well
易错1
误以为所有以e结尾的形容词都需要去e
safe → safly ❌ → safely ✅
cmplete → cmpletly ❌ → cmpletely ✅
易错2
有一部分形容词和副词形式相同：
fast – 快的 – 快地 early – 早的 – 早地
late – 晚的 – 晚地 hard – 硬的、困难的 – 努力地
enugh – 足够的 – 足够地
enugh的位置：
1. 作为形容词，位于名词前面，如：enugh time
2. 作为副词，位于形容词后面，如：big enugh
易错3
一些副词+ly 之后构成另外含义的副词：
hard 努力地 – hardly 几乎不 late 迟地 – lately 最近地 near 接近地 – nearly 几乎
形容词副词比较级最高级
用法
根据比较范围的不同，形容词和副词有比较级和最高级的区分：
比较级用于两者之间，表示“比…更…”；最高级用于三者或三者以上，表示“最…”
构成
例句
比较级
1. A … 形容词或副词的比较级 + than + B…
She is taller than me. 她比我高。
2. the + 比较级+ f the tw…
两个中更…
Mary is the taller f the tw girls.
Mary是两个女孩中更高的一个。
3. 表示“越来越…”
比较级 + and + 比较级
mre and mre + 形容词或副词原级 （多音节词或部分双音节词）
It’s getting warmer and warmer.
天气越来越暖了。
Rbts are becming mre and mre ppular in ur life.
机器人在我们生活中越来越受欢迎了。
4. 表示“越… , 越…”
The + 比较级…，the + 比较级…
The mre yu read, the better yu’ll be.
你读书越多，你就会越好。
修饰比较级
a little, a bit, a lt, much, even, far
He lks a bit happier nw.
他现在显得高兴点儿了。
最高级构成
1. the +形容词最高级+ in/ f/ amng (表示范围)
(the)+副词最高级+ in/ f/ amng (表示范围)
Jim is the tallest in his class.
Jim是他班上最高的。
Jim runs (the) fastest in his class.
Jim在他班里跑最快。
2. ne f+ the + 形容词最高级+可数名词复数
He is ne f the mst ppular singers.
他是最受欢迎的歌手之一。
3. the / ne’s + 序数词 + 最高级
The Yellw River is the secnd lngest river in China. 黄河是中国第二长河。
易错点
最高级前有定冠词the，以下两种情况不需要the
1. 最高级前有形容词性物主代词、指示代词、名词所有格时，不用the。
Mnday is my busiest day.
周一是我最忙的一天。
2. 副词最高级前面可省略the。
Ben talks least and des mst in his class.
Ben在他班里说得最少干得最多。
比较级最高级变化规则
类别
构成方法
原级
比较级
最高级
单音节词和部分双音节词
一般直接加-er、-est
lng
lnger
lngest
以e结尾，加-r、-st
late
later
latest
以辅音字母加y结尾时，变y为i，再加-er、-est
easy
early
easier
earlier
easiest
earliest
以重读闭音节结尾且末尾只有一个辅音字母时，双写最后的辅音字母，再加-er、-est
big
thin
ht
bigger
thinner
htter
biggest
thinnest
httest
双音节和多音节词
在词前加mre、mst
beautiful
mre beautiful
mst beautiful
不规则变化
原级
比较级
最高级
原级
比较级
最高级
gd/ well
better
best
far
farther
farthest
bad/badly
wrse
wrst
further
furthest
many/much
mre
mst
ld
lder
ldest
little
less
least
elder
eldest
一、用所给单词的适当形式填空
第一组：
1.The___________ (much) yu practise, the___________ (healthy) yu will be.
2.Yur classrm is ___________(wide) and___________(bright) than urs.
3.There are___________(few) hurs f sunlight a day in winter than in summer.
4.Which d yu like___________(well), maths r chemistry?
5.This is the___________(gd) film I have ever seen.
6.Africa is the secnd___________(large) cntinent.
7.What he said made his mther much___________(angry).
8. Emma lked after her pet__________________(careful)f all her friends.
9. Nw his life is becming ___________and______________________. (difficult)
10. The street is_____________________(crwded) than befre.
第二组：
1.They always d___________ (much) wrk with___________(little) mney.
2.Yu’re the___________(kind) persn I’ve ever met.
3.The___________(ld) I get, the ___________(strng) I seem t feel.
4.The weather is getting___________(warm) and___________(warm) .
5.-- Hw___________(tall) is Sally?
-- She' s 1.55 metres___________ (tall). What abut Xialing?
-- She' s nly 1.40 metres___________(tall). She is much___________(shrt) than Sally.
She is als____________________(shrt) girl in the class.
6. He is________(bad) at learning maths. He is much_______(bad) at Chinese. And he is the________(bad) at English.
7. Annie says Sally is the______________________(friendly) persn in the wrld.
8. Tim is ne f _____________________(clever) peple in the class, I think.
9. A dictinary is much___________________(expensive) than a stry-bk.
10.An range is a little______________(big) than an apple, but much ___________(small) than a watermeln.
第三组:
1. The Changjiang River is the____________(lng) river in China.
2. Sally is___________(ld) than Lily, and she is_______________(ld) sister in her family.
3. It is much___________(ht) tday than yesterday.
4.-- Is physics__________________(difficult) than maths?
-- I dn' t think s.
5.-- Annie plays the pian very____________(well).
-- Sue plays it___________(well) than Annie. And Sally plays it the __________(well).
6. Saturday is my____________(busy) day in a week.
7. Her mther is getting____________(fat) and____________(fat).
8. I think it' s t expensive. I' d like a____________(cheap) ne.
9. He cmes t schl much____________(early) than I.
10. My rm is the secnd____________(clean) ne in my family.
二、翻译句子
1. 这个故事比另一个有趣得多。
This stry is much than that ne.
2. 她的身体状况一天天好起来。
She is getting and every day.
3.他对英语越来越感兴趣。
He is becming and interested in English.
4.他吃的越多，人越胖。
The he eats, the he gets.
5.你的问题是两个中比较难的那个。
Yur questin is f tw.
三、语法填空
Many peple enjy ging t the beach (海滩). But the beach ften becmes dirty after peple’s 1. (activity). Peple dn't like a beach with s much litter, and few peple g t a dirty beach t have fun.
Luckily, there 2. (be) always sme nice peple. They wuld like t help clean up the beach. They walk alng the beach t pick up (捡起) all kinds 3. litter—bttles, plastic bags, fd and s n. They all d their wrk 4. (careful). Sme wear glves (手套). Others use litter pickers. Almst everyne wears gd shes 5. (prtect) his r her feet. A clean-up is 6. great way t make a beach beautiful and safe again!
As a student, what shuld yu d? If yu live in a city with a beach, yu can clean it up at any time. 7. (jin) a beach clean-up r d it yurself. Keeping the beach free f trash helps animals 8. many birds and fish smetimes cat litter as fd. As a result, they may be in danger. 9. (clean) up the beach helps peple, t. Parents like t bring 10. (they) children t a clean, safe beach. Mre visitrs will g t a beach if it lks nice and clean. After a clean-up, peple can have an enjyable day n the beach.
定义
形容词副词除了比较级和最高级外，还可以用原形进行同级比较，表示“A和B一样…”或“A不如B…”
结构
概念
句型
例句
1. A和B一样…
A… + as + 形容词/副词原级 + as + B
Lily is as tall as me.
Lily runs as fast as me.
2. A不如B…
A… + nt + s/as +形容词/副词原级+ as B
The blue bx is nt s/as big as the red ne.
He des nt d hmewrk as carefully as me.
3.尽可能…地做某事
as + 副词原级 + sb. can/culd
Try t get up as early as yu can.
as + 副词原级 + as pssible
Try t get up as early as pssible.
4.在表达倍数时
A…+ 倍数+ as +原级+ as + B
Yur rm is twice as big as mine.
A…+ 倍数+ 比较级+ than +B
Tm is three times taller than Betty.
修饰形容词副词原级的词：
quite十分，very非常，s 如此， t太，rather 相当
易错点
1. as…as…中间为形容词或副词的原级，不能单单理解为只是形容词
如：He sings as gd as me. ❌
He sings as well as me. ✅
2. A不如B…也可用结构：A… less + 形容词/副词原级+ than + B,
如：He is less hard-wrking than me.
注意不要混淆比较级和原级结构
如：My pencil is lnger as yurs. ❌
My pencil is as lng as yurs. ✅
Unit 6 同级比较
一、填空（用或nt ）
1. My sister is ______ tall ______ me. (同样高)
2. This math prblem is ______ difficult ______ that ne. (不如...难)
3. D yu think spring is ______ warm ______ autumn here?
4. The white shes were ______ expensive ______ the black nes. (否定)
二、单词适当形式填空
1. Lucy sings as ______ (beautiful) as her sister, but dances better.
2. This math prblem is ______ (difficult) than the previus ne.
3. Amng all students, Jack runs ______ (fast) in ur class.
4. The weather tday isn't s ______ (ht) as yesterday.
5. This is ______ (interesting) bk I've ever read.
6. My new shes feel ______ (cmfrtable) than the ld pair.
7. Of the tw sisters, Lily draws ______ (well).
8. This mvie is ______ (bring) ne in the whle series.
9. The yellw dress lks as ______ (gd) n yu as the blue ne.
10. Our team perfrmed ______ (bad) f all in the cmpetitin.
三、完成句子
1．这条河的长度是那条河的五倍。
The river is that ne.
2．这本书不如那本书有用
This bk that ne.
3．如果我能像她一样优秀，我就能成功。（完成译句）
If I am excellent her, I can succeed.
4．看沏茶的过程和饮茶本身一样令人愉快。
Watching the tea preparatin is just drinking the tea itself.
5．这个箱子和那个一样重。
This bx is that ne.
6．在她看来,英国食品不如中国食品美味。
In her pinin, English fd is Chinese fd.
7．汤姆犯的错误和我犯的一样多。
Tm made I did.
四、语法填空
Last summer, I spent my vacatin with my parents. We 1 (g) t a hliday resrt (度假胜地). After we stpped the car there, we climbed the muntain 2 (ne). It was a little cld n the muntain. 3 (lucky), we tk ur clthes with us. It didn’t take 4 (ur) a lng time t get t the tp, just half 5 hur.
We had lunch n the tp f the muntain. When we finished 6 (eat) fd, it was tw ’clck. At that time, we fund a small animal in the tree, but we didn’t knw its name. My parents were 7 (interest) in it.
After ging back t the resrt, we were tired 8 we felt very happy. We had beef sup, sme 9 (ptat) and Gngba chicken fr dinner. The fd in the resrt was quite delicius.
10 abut 8 ’clck p.m., we had a party. I played the guitar, and then I danced with thers. We als played games.
We really had s much fun there. We hpe we can g there again ne day. 时态
一般现在时
一般过去时
一般将来时
现在进行时
用法
1.表示经常发生的动作或存在的状态
2.表示客观真理、科学事实或名言警句
表示过去发生的或过去经常发生的动作或存在的状态
1.表示将来某个时间将要发生的动作，其结构常用“will +动词原形”
2.表示计划/打算，或有迹象表明要发生某事，其结构常用“be ging t +动词原形”
1.表示现在(指说话人说话时)正在进行或发生的动作
2.表示当前一段时间内的活动或现阶段正在进行的动作或持续的状态
结构
1.主语＋be动词(am/is/are)＋其他
肯定句：
主语+ am/is/are +其他.
否定句：
主语+ am/is/are nt +其他.
一般疑问句：Am/Is/Are＋主语＋其他?
2.主语＋实义动词原形/第三人称单数＋其他
肯定句：
主语+动词原形/第三人称单数+其他.
否定句：
主语+ dn’t/desn’t +动词原形+其他.
一般疑问句：
D/Des +主语+动词原形+其他?
1.主语＋be动词(was/were)＋其他
肯定句：
主语+ was/were +其他.
否定句：
主语+ was/were nt +其他.
一般疑问句：
Was/Were＋主语＋其他?
2.主语＋实义动词过去式＋其他
肯定句：
主语+动词过去式+其他.
否定句：
主语+ didn’t +动词原形+其他.
一般疑问句：
Did +主语+动词原形+其他?
1.主语＋will（shall用于第一人称）＋动词原形＋其他（will没有人称和数的变化）
肯定句：
主语+ will/shall +动词原形+其他.
否定句：
主语+ will/shall nt +动词原形+其他.
一般疑问句：
Will/Shall＋主语＋其他?
2.主语＋be ging t＋动词原形＋其他
（be动词的形式要跟主语保持一致）
肯定句：
主语+ is/am/are ging t +动原+其他.
否定句：
主语+ is/am/are nt ging t +动原+其他.
一般疑问句：
Is/Am/Are +主语+ ging t +动原+其他?
【特别提醒】
There be句型的一般将来时句式结构为“There will be ...”或“There is/are ging t be ...”
如：There will be a ftball match next week.
主语＋be动词（am/is/are）＋动词-ing形式
肯定句：
主语+ is/am/are + ding +其他.
否定句：
主语+ is/am/are nt + ding +其他.
一般疑问句：
Is/Am/Are +主语+ ding＋其他?
【注意】
有些动词如表示感觉的感官动词（see, hear, ntice等）和表示态度、情感、心理状态的词（like, want, hpe, knw, agree, believe等）没有进行时
如：D yu hear the nise f the plane?
时态
一般现在时
一般过去时
一般将来时
现在进行时
时间标志词
1.表示频率的副词：always, usually, ften, smetimes, seldm, hardly ever, never等
2.n Mnday, n Saturday evening, in the mrning, every day, every week等短语
3.nce a week, twice a mnth, three times a year等表示频率的短语
yesterday, last week, the day befre yesterday, three days ag, in 1990, just nw, at the age f ...等
tmrrw, the day after tmrrw, next mnth, sn, in the future, in 10 minutes（in+时间段，表示“在多久以后”）等
nw, these days, Lk!, Listen!, right nw, Can yu hear ...等，有的则是通过上下文语境暗示某动作正在进行
动词变化规则
1.一般情况，直接在词尾加s，如：
swim-swims, play-plays
2.以-s, -x, -sh, -ch, -结尾的，在词尾加es，如：
watch-watches, g-ges
3.以“辅音字母+ y”结尾的，先变y为i 再加es，如：
study-studies, carry-carries
4.特殊情况.
have - has
1.一般情况，直接在词尾加ed，如：
play-played,wrk-wrked
2.以不发音-e字母结尾的，在词尾加d，如：
mve-mved,live-lived
3.以“辅音字母+ y”结尾的，先变y为i再加ed，如：
cry-cried,study- studied
以重读闭音节结尾且末尾只有一个辅音字母（“辅元辅”），先双写末尾的辅音字母再加ed，如：stp-stpped, plan-planned
1.一般情况，直接在词尾加ing，如：
say - saying,
speak - speaking
2.以不发音-e字母结尾的，去掉不发音的字母e再加ing，如：
write-writing,
take-taking
3.以重读闭音节结尾且末尾只有一个辅音字母（“辅元辅”），先双写末尾的辅音字母再加ing，如：
sit-sitting, run -running
4.以ie结尾，把ie改为y再加ing，如：
die - dying, lie - lying