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专题07 翻译(优选上海名校真题)50题(上海专用)-【真题汇编】备战2024-2025学年高二英语下学期期末真题分类汇编.zip
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这是一份专题07 翻译(优选上海名校真题)50题(上海专用)-【真题汇编】备战2024-2025学年高二英语下学期期末真题分类汇编.zip,文件包含专题07翻译优选上海名校真题50题原卷版docx、专题07翻译优选上海名校真题50题解析版docx等2份试卷配套教学资源,其中试卷共21页, 欢迎下载使用。
专题07 翻译(优选上海名校真题)
1.(23-24高二下·上海·期末)我最关心的是日常必需品是否能买到,而不是它们质量怎么好。(cncern)(汉译英)
【答案】What cncerns me mst is nt hw gd the daily necessities are but the availability f them.
【详解】考查时态和主语从句。分析句意可知,句子描述客观事实,时态用一般现在时,“我最关心的是”用what引导的主语从句,是what cncerns me mst,“日常必需品”是the daily necessities,“日常必需品(他们)是否能买到”用the availability f them,“而不是”用nt,“它们质量怎么好”是hw gd the daily necessities are,因此整句话翻译为“What cncerns me mst is nt hw gd the daily necessities are but the availability f them”,故答案为What cncerns me mst is nt hw gd the daily necessities are but the availability f them.
2.(23-24高二下·上海·期末)你没有必要在乎他人对你的评论。(care) (汉译英)
【答案】Yu dn’t need t care abut thers’ cmments n yu.
【详解】考查情态动词、动词和时态。“你”是主语,用人称代词yu表示,“没有必要”是谓语,描述现在的情况,用一般现在时态,用dn’t need表示,“在乎他人对你的评论”作宾语,need后用不定式短语t care abut thers’ cmments n yu表示。故译为:Yu dn’t need t care abut thers’ cmments n yu.
3.(23-24高二下·上海徐汇·期末)毫无疑问,练得越多,你的英语口语就越流利。(the mre……the mre ……) (汉译英)
【答案】There is n dubt that the mre yu practice, the mre fluently yu can speak English.
【详解】考查固定句型,固定搭配和时态。根据句意可知,句子描述客观事实,时态用一般现在时,“毫无疑问”是固定句型There is n dubt that...,that引导同位语从句;“越……越……”用固定句型“the+比较级,the+比较级”,“练得越多”是the mre yu practice,“你的英语口语就越流利”是the mre fluently yu can speak English,故答案为There is n dubt that the mre yu practice, the mre fluently yu can speak English.
4.(23-24高二下·上海闵行·期末)检查过程中未发现任何机器损坏。(emerge) (汉译英)
【答案】N machine damage emerged during the inspectin.
【详解】考查名词、时态、介词。“检查过程中未发现任何机器损坏”即“在检查中没有机器损伤出现。”表示“机器”用名词machine,作定语,修饰“损伤”;表示“损伤”用名词damage;表示“没有机器损伤”用n machine damage,作主语,n位于句首,首字母大写。表示“出现”用动词emerge,本句描述过去的动作和状态,故时态用一般过去时,谓语用过去式emerged。表示“在……期间”用介词during。表示“检查”用名词inspectin,此处为特指,inspectin前加the,the inspectin作during的宾语。故翻译为N machine damage emerged during the inspectin.
5.(23-24高二下·上海杨浦·期末)看到极端气候时,人们往往会将它和全球变暖联系起来。(assciate) (汉译英)
【答案】When witnessing extreme weather, peple tend t assciate it with glbal warming.
【详解】考查非谓语动词,一般现在时,形容词,介词,名词。根据汉语意思可知,句子的主要成分为“人们往往会将它和全球变暖联系起来。”,所以前面为状语。表示“当……时候”用when;表示“看到”用witness;天气为weather;极端的为extreme;因为句子中已经有谓语动词,所以witness作非谓语,与句子的逻辑主语为主谓关系,所以用现在分词;所以前半句为When witnessing extreme weather。“常常做某事”为tend t d sth.,陈述经常性的行为,用一般现在时;“将……与……联系”为assciate … with …;此处指的是将极端天气与全球变暖相联系,前文中已经出现“极端天气”所以用it代替;“全球变暖”为glbal warming。所以后半句为peple tend t assciate it with glbal warming.故答案为When witnessing extreme weather, peple tend t assciate it with glbal warming.
6.(23-24高二下·上海·期末)为什么不试试说出困扰你的事情,很有可能一个微小的举动会带来更放松的心态。(chance)(汉译英)
【答案】Why nt try t talk abut what bthers yu? There’s a gd chance that a small actin can lead t a mre relaxed mindset.
【详解】考查固定句型。表示“为什么不”句型为why nt d sth.;表示“试试做某事”为try t d sth.;表示“说出”即“谈论”为talk abut;“困扰你的事情”即“使你困扰的事情”,使用what引导宾语从句,“困扰”bther,从句描述现在的一般情况,使用一般现在时,what在从句中作主语,谓语动词使用第三人称单数形式bthers,后接宾语“你”yu;表示“很有可能”句型为There’s a gd chance that...;从句主语“一个微小的举动”为a small actin;表示“带来”为lead t,情态动词can后跟动词原形形式,从句宾语“更放松的心态”为a mre relaxed mindset。故翻译为Why nt try t talk abut what bthers yu? There’s a gd chance that a small actin can lead t a mre relaxed mindset.
7.(23-24高二下·上海浦东新·期末)尽管与世隔绝,这个自然保护区仍是无数动物和新物种的家园。(in spite f) (汉译英)
【答案】In spite f its islatin, the nature reserve is hme t huge numbers f animals and new species.
【详解】考查介词短语。“尽管”使用介词短语in spite f,“与世隔绝”使用名词islatin,“这个自然保护区”译为the nature reserve,在句中作主语,“是……的家园”使用固定短语be hme t,“无数”使用固定短语huge numbers f,修饰可数名词复数,“动物”使用名词复数animals,“新物种”译为new species,句子是描述一个事实,应用一般现在时,主语是名词单数,be动词用is,故翻译为:In spite f its islatin, the nature reserve is hme t huge numbers f animals and new species.
8.(23-24高二下·上海·期末)直到这个网红被罚以巨款,我们才意识到她的主要获利途径就是在社交媒体上推销商品。(Nt until)(汉译英)
【答案】Nt until this nline celebrity was fined a huge sum f mney did we realize that her main way t make mney was t prmte prducts n scial media.
【详解】考查部分倒装和宾语从句。表示“直到……才……”句型为nt until…that…,位于句首应用部分倒装;表示“网红被罚以巨款”翻译为this nline celebrity was fined a huge sum f mney;表示“我们才意识到她的主要获利途径就是在社交媒体上推销商品”翻译为we realize that her main way t make mney was t prmte prducts n scial media。句子应用一般过去时。故翻译为Nt until this nline celebrity was fined a huge sum f mney did we realize that her main way t make mney was t prmte prducts n scial media.
9.(23-24高二下·上海·期末)这一半个世纪前发现的历史遗迹分布范围达 50 平方公里,统一规划,布局有序,建筑宏伟。(cver) (汉译英)
【答案】This histric site, which was discvered half a century ag, cvers an area f 50 square kilmeters, with unified planning, rder layut and magnificent architecture.
【详解】考查短语、非谓语动词和时态。 histric site历史遗迹;cver an area f...占地面积为……;unified planning统一规划;rder layut布局有序;magnificent architecture建筑宏伟。根据句意可知,句子主干是一个主谓宾结构,主句陈述客观事实,用一般现在时,即This histric site cvers an area f 50 square kilmeters;句中可以使用一个非限制性定语从句,先行词为histric site,在定语从句中作主语,所以用关系代词which引导。根据时间状语half a century ag可知,用一般过去时,即which was discvered half a century ag;之后用with的介宾短语。根据句意,故翻译为This histric site, which was discvered half a century ag, cvers an area f 50 square kilmeters, with unified planning, rder layut and magnificent architecture.
10.(23-24高二下·上海·期末)我很感激志愿者们在疫情期间为确保小区稳定运转所做的努力。(appreciate) (汉译英)
【答案】I appreciate the vlunteers’effrts t ensure the stable peratin f the cmmunity during the pandemic.
【详解】考查时态、名词和不定式。根据提示,本句为一般现在时,表示“感激”应用动词appreciate,充当该句谓语;表示“志愿者们所做的努力”的表达为vlunteers’ effrts,充当宾语,其中名词所有格vlunteers’修饰名词effrts;表示“确保”应用动词ensure,此处应用不定式t ensure充当effrts的定语;表示“稳定”应用形容词stable,充当定语,修饰peratin,peratin即“运转”;表示“小区”应用名词cmmunity,前面加上f,作peratin的后置定语;表示“在疫情期间”应用短语during the pandemic。故翻译为:I appreciate the vlunteers’effrts t ensure the stable peratin f the cmmunity during the pandemic.
11.(23-24高二下·上海徐汇·期末)直到苹果手机的出现,人们才意识到它已经给手机领域带来了巨大的变化。(Nt until) (汉译英)
【答案】Nt until iPhne appeared did peple realize that it had brught great changes t the field f mbile phnes.
【详解】考查倒装句。“直到……才”用nt... until表示,“出现”用动词appear表示,“人们”用名词peple作主语,“意识到”用realize作谓语,描述过去的事情用一般过去时,“它已经给手机领域带来了巨大的变化”用that引导的宾语从句表示,“给……带来”用表示,“带来变化”发生在“意识到”之前,故用过去完成时,“巨大的变化”用名词great changes作bring的宾语,“手机领域”表示为the field f mbile phnes作介词t的宾语,故正常语序应为peple didn’t realize that it had brught great changes t the field f mbile phnes until iPhne appeared,当Nt until位于句首时,主句要部分倒装,即把助动词放在主语前面。故译为Nt until iPhne appeared did peple realize that it had brught great changes t the field f mbile phnes.。
12.(23-24高二下·上海徐汇·期末)应该更多的强调学生创新能力和独立学习能力的培养。(emphasis) (汉译英)
【答案】Mre emphasis shuld be put(placed/laid) n the cultivatin f students’ creativity and independent learning.
【详解】考查名词和情态动词的被动语态。表示“应该更多的强调”应用情态动词的被动语态mre emphasis shuld be put(placed/laid) n作主语和谓语;表示“学生创新能力和独立学习能力的培养”应用名词所有格the cultivatin f students’ creativity and independent learning,作宾语。故翻译为:Mre emphasis shuld be put(placed/laid) n the cultivatin f students’ creativity and independent learning.
13.(23-24高二下·上海徐汇·期末)对我来说,最重要的事情是,具备与他人交流的能力,无论这些人的国籍与文化背景是什么。(regardless) (汉译英)
【答案】What matters t me mst is the ability t cmmunicate with thers, regardless f natinality r cultural backgrund.
【详解】考查主语从句、短语和时态。表示“最重要的事情是”用主语从句,通过从句可知,主语从句中主语应是指物,所以引导词用what ,表示“对我来说”用t me,从句中谓语动词用matter,从句讲述的是一个客观事实,what作主语,谓语用单数形式matters,所以主语从句完整形式是What matters t me mst,因为主语从句是一个从句,所以主句谓语用单数形式,且是讲述客观事实,所以时态是一般现在时,即谓语动词是is。表示“……的能力”用短语the ability t d sth.;“与某人交流”用短语cmmunicate with sb.;“无论”用短语 regardless f;“国籍”翻译为natinality ;“文化背景”翻译为cultural backgrund。故翻译为What matters t me mst is the ability t cmmunicate with thers, regardless f natinality r cultural backgrund.
14.(23-24高二下·上海徐汇·期末)当决定是否建化工厂时,政府应该把环境保护、市民健康等几个重要因素考虑在内。 (cnsideratin) (汉译英)
【答案】When deciding whether t build a chemical factry, the gvernment shuld take int cnsideratin several imprtant factrs such as envirnmental prtectin and peple’s health.
【详解】考查非谓语动词和动词短语。表示“当……时”应用连词when引导时间状语;表示“决定是否建化工厂时”应用现在分词短语deciding whether t build a chemical factry作状语;表示“政府”应用名词the gvernment作主语;表示“应该把……考虑在内”应用动词短语 shuld take int cnsideratin作谓语;表示“环境保护、市民健康等几个重要因素”应用名词短语several imprtant factrs such as envirnmental prtectin and peple’s health,作宾语。故翻译为:When deciding whether t build a chemical factry, the gvernment shuld take int cnsideratin several imprtant factrs such as envirnmental prtectin and peple’s health.
15.(23-24高二下·上海嘉定·期末)在网上下单时,记得核对信息。(rder) (汉译英)
【答案】When yu rder/rdering nline, remember t check the infrmatin.
【详解】考查时间状语从句、动词、名词、非谓语动词和祈使句。根据题干,“在网上下单时”可翻译为when引导的时间状语从句;“记得核对信息”可翻译为祈使句。“在网上”可表示为nline;“下单”可表示为rder;“记得”可表示为remember,remember t d sth.意为“记得去做某事”,其中不定式作宾语;“核对”可表示为check;“信息”可表示为infrmatin。根据句意,主从句的主语一致,所以时间状语从句也可省略主语yu,rder和逻辑主语“你”之间是主谓关系,所以可用现在分词形式。故本句可翻译为:When yu rder/rdering nline, remember t check the infrmatin.
16.(23-24高二下·上海嘉定·期末)篮球队的成功有赖于学校的大力支持,学校提供了充足的资金用于购买训练设施等必需品。(prvide) (汉译英)
【答案】The success f the basketball team depends n the great/strng supprt frm the schl, as the schl has prvided sufficient funds fr the team t purchase/buy training facilities and ther necessaries.
【详解】考查动词、固定短语、原因状语从句、非谓语动词。根据题干,本句可表示为有as引导的原因状语从句的主从复合句;“篮球队”可表示为basketball team;“……的成功”可表示为the success f...;“有赖于”可表示为depend n;“支持”可表示为supprt ;“提供”可表示为prvide,prvide sth. fr sb.固定搭配,意为“给某人提供某物”;“充足的资金”可表示为sufficient funds;“购买”可表示为purchase/buy,应用不定式作宾语补足语;“训练设施”可表示为training facilities;“必需品”可表示为necessaries。故本句可翻译为:The success f the basketball team depends n the great/strng supprt frm the schl, as the schl has prvided sufficient funds fr the team t purchase/buy training facilities and ther necessaries.
17.(23-24高二下·上海嘉定·期末)有了这个应用程序,用户很容易就能在手机上进行个性化学习。(it) (汉译英)
【答案】With the app/applicatin, it’s easy fr users t have persnalized learning n their mbile/cell phnes.
【详解】考查介词、名词、固定句型和固定短语。句子描述一般性事实,应用一般现在时,本句可用it is+adj.+fr sb. t d sth.结构,it是形式主语,真正的主语是不定式。“有了”可表示为with;“应用程序”可表示为app/applicatin;“容易”可表示为easy;“在手机上”可表示为n mbile/cell phnes;“个性化学习”可表示为persnalized learning。故本句可翻译为:With the app/applicatin, it’s easy fr users t have persnalized learning n their mbile/cell phnes.
18.(23-24高二下·上海嘉定·期末)这个古镇以许多传统活动为特色,是绝佳的旅游胜地。(feature v.) (汉译英)
【答案】The ancient twn features a number f traditinal events/ activities, and it is an ideal/a perfect turist destinatin.
【详解】考查并列句、形容词、动词、名词和固定短语。句子描述一般性事实,应用一般现在时,根据题干,本句可翻译为and连接的并列句。“古镇”可表示为ancient twn;“以……为特色”可表示为feature;“许多”可表示为a number f;“传统活动”可表示为traditinal events/ activities;“绝佳的”可表示为ideal/perfect;“旅游胜地”可表示为turist destinatin。故本句可翻译为:The ancient twn features a number f traditinal events/ activities, and it is an ideal/a perfect turist destinatin.
19.(23-24高二下·上海·期末)公司耗尽资源研发了有竞争力的产品,最终却因为缺乏资金陷入了绝境。(end)(汉译英)
【答案】The cmpany exhausted its resurces t develp a cmpetitive prduct, nly t end up in a desperate situatin due t lack f funds.
【详解】考查名词、动词、形容词、介词短语、非谓语动词和时态。主语“公司”用the cmpany,谓语“耗尽”用动词exhaust,讲述过去的事情,用一般过去时态exhausted,宾语“资源”用its resurces,目的状语“研发了有竞争力的产品”用不定式短语t develp a cmpetitive prduct;“最终却因为缺乏资金陷入了绝境”是结果状语,表示出乎意料的结果,可用不定式结构nly t d...表示,其中“最终陷入”用动词短语end up in表示,宾语“绝境”用a desperate situatin,原因状语“因为缺乏资金”用介词短语due t lack f funds表示。综上,全句译为:The cmpany exhausted its resurces t develp a cmpetitive prduct, nly t end up in a desperate situatin due t lack f funds.
20.(23-24高二下·上海·期末)游客纷至沓来,欣赏郊外的春日胜景。(pur)(汉译英)
【答案】Turists pur in the cuntryside t enjy the beautiful spring scenery.
【详解】考查名词、动词、形容词、非谓语动词和时态。主语“游客”用turist,结合句意,句中泛指所有游客,用复数名词turists;谓语“纷至沓来”可理解为“蜂拥到……”,用动词短语pur in,描述当前的情况,用一般现在时态;根据句意,句中暗指游客蜂拥到“郊外”,作宾语,用名词the cuntryside表示;“欣赏春日胜景”是目的状语,用不定式短语t enjy the beautiful spring scenery。综上,全句译为:Turists pur in the cuntryside t enjy the beautiful spring scenery.
21.(23-24高二下·上海·期末)要不是得到了好心人的帮助,他不可能在这场灾难中幸存下来. (survive)(汉译英)
【答案】If he had nt received help frm kind-hearted peple, he wuld nt have survived the disaster.
【详解】考查虚拟语气和动词。根据所给中文提示词可知,本句应用if引导的虚拟条件从句,“他不可能在这场灾难中幸存下来”是主句,与过去事实相反,用主语+wuld/culd+have dne形式,根据题干要求需用survive意为“幸存”,译为“he wuld nt have survived this disaster”,“要不是得到了好心人的帮助”是从句,与过去事实相反,用if+主语+had dne形式,译为“if he had nt received help frm kind-hearted peple”。故译为:If he had nt received help frm kind-hearted peple, he wuld nt have survived the disaster.
22.(23-24高二下·上海·期末)在我们眼里腼腆的小王绘声绘色地讲述了一个激动人心的故事,令我们对他刮目相看。 (accunt)(汉译英)
【答案】Xia Wang, wh was shy in ur eyes, accunted an exciting stry in vivid style and made us lk at him with new eyes.
【详解】考查名词、动词、形容词、介词短语、时态和定语从句。分析句子可知,“小王绘声绘色地讲述了一个激动人心的故事,令我们对他刮目相看”是主句,主语“小王”用Xia Wang,谓语“讲述”用动词accunt,讲述过去的事情,用一般过去时态,宾语“一个激动人心的故事”用an exciting stry,方式状语“绘声绘色地”用介词短语in vivid style,并列谓语“令”可用使役动词make表示,与谓语动词accunt用连词and连接,用一般过去时态made,宾语“我们”用宾格代词us,宾语补足语“对他刮目相看”用动词短语lk at him with new eyes,作使役动词make后的宾语补足语,用原形;“在我们眼里腼腆的”可处理为限制性定语从句,修饰先行词Xia Wang,用关系代词将其代入从句中作主语,“腼腆”作表语,用形容词shy,表明主语的性格,系动词was用一般过去时态,说明是之前对Xia Wang的认识。综上,全句译为:Xia Wang, wh was shy in ur eyes, accunted an exciting stry in vivid style and made us lk at him with new eyes.
23.(23-24高二下·上海·期末)那里的村民们应该以其原始形式将传统传承下去。(suppse)(汉译英)
【答案】The villagers there shuld pass n the traditin in its riginal frm.
【详解】考查动词短语和介词短语。表示“村民”应用名词villager,表示“应该”应用情态动词shuld,其后动词应用原形。表示“传承”应用动词短语pass n,表示“传统”应用名词traditin,表示“以……的形式”应用介词短语,表示“原始的”应用形容词riginal。再结合其它汉语意思,故翻译为The villagers there shuld pass n the traditin in its riginal frm.
24.(23-24高二下·上海·期末)作为科学家不该惧怕可能遭到的怀疑,而应大胆猜想,抱着驽马十驾的态度科学验证,惟此才能早日迎来令人瞩目的突破。(Instead f)(汉译英)
【答案】Instead f fearing pssible dubts, scientists shuld bldly speculate and apprach scientific validatin with the attitude f “ten attempts with a lame hrse.” Only by ding s can we hpe t achieve remarkable breakthrughs as sn as pssible.
【详解】考查固定短语和部分倒装。表示“不应该,而不是”应用Instead f,表示“惧怕可能遭到的怀疑”应用fearing pssible dubts;主语为scientists;表示“大胆猜想”翻译为bldly speculate,shuld后跟动词原形;表示“抱着驽马十驾的态度科学验证”翻译为apprach scientific validatin with the attitude f “ten attempts with a lame hrse.”;表示“惟此才能早日迎来令人瞩目的突破”翻译为Only by ding s can we hpe t achieve remarkable breakthrughs as sn as pssible,为部分倒装。故翻译为Instead f fearing pssible dubts, scientists shuld bldly speculate and apprach scientific validatin with the attitude f “ten attempts with a lame hrse.” Only by ding s can we hpe t achieve remarkable breakthrughs as sn as pssible.
25.(23-24高二下·上海·期末)据同学反馈,他只是假装在大部分社交场合表现良好。(functin)(汉译英)
【答案】Accrding t feedback frm classmates, he nly pretends t perfrm well in mst scial situatins.
【详解】考查固定短语和时态。表示“根据”短语为accrding t;表示“同学反馈”翻译为feedback frm classmates;主语为he;表示“假装做某事”短语为pretend t d sth.,由副词nly修饰;表示“在大部分社交场合表现良好”翻译为perfrm well in mst scial situatins。为一般现在时。故翻译为Accrding t feedback frm classmates, he nly pretends t perfrm well in mst scial situatins.
26.(23-24高二下·上海·期末)要确保你在房屋摇晃的时候待在牢固的家具下方不动。(ensure)(汉译英)
【答案】Ensure that yu stay under sturdy furniture while the huse is shaking.
【详解】考查宾语从句和状语从句。根据汉语可知,句子是在提供建议,整体应使用祈使句,结合提示可知,“确保”应用动词ensure;“你待在牢固的家具下方不动”可理解为ensure的宾语从句,从句的成分和语义均完整,应用连接词that作引导词,引导名词性从句,时态宜用一般现在时,主语“你”用yu,谓语部分“待在牢固的家具下方不动”可译为动词短语stay under sturdy furniture;“在房屋摇晃的时候”可理解为时间状语从句,“在……时候”可用从属连词while,时态宜用现在进行时,主语“房屋”应用the huse,是单数,谓语部分“摇晃”可译为is shaking。故可译为:Ensure that yu stay under sturdy furniture while the huse is shaking.
27.(23-24高二下·上海·期末)根据目前的证据, 海洋生物学家预测,失去这个看护人可能会导致小型食肉动物的数量大幅增加。(bring) (汉译英)
【答案】Based n current evidence, marine bilgists predict that the lss f this caregiver can bring abut a significant increase in the ppulatin f small carnivrus animals.
【详解】考查短语、时态、非谓语动词和宾语从句。“根据”用短语be based n,在句中作状语,所以用过去分词形式。“目前的证据”翻译为current evidence;“ 海洋生物学家”翻译为marine bilgists ,在句中作主语;“预测”翻译为predict,在句中作谓语动词,后接宾语从句。“失去这个看护人”翻译为the lss f this caregiver,在从句中作主语;“可能”用情态动词can,后接动词原形;“导致”用短语bring abut;“小型食肉动物的数量大幅增加”翻译为a significant increase in the ppulatin f small carnivrus animals。陈述现在事实,用一般现在时。根据句意,故翻译为Based n current evidence, marine bilgists predict that the lss f this caregiver can bring abut a significant increase in the ppulatin f small carnivrus animals.
28.(23-24高二下·上海·期末)人们希望日子过得更好,所以自20世纪90年代以来,大多数鲨鱼的数量下降了90%,这一点也不奇怪。(it; better ff) (汉译英)
【答案】Peple want t be better ff, s it’s nt surprising that mst shark ppulatins have declined by 90% since the 1990s.
【详解】考查it作形式主语、形容词短语和现在完成时。表示“想要做某事”应用want t d。表示“日子过得更好”应用形容词短语better ff。表示“……并不奇怪”应用固定句式it’s nt surprising that,此处用it作形式主语,that引导的主语从句为真正的主语。表示“大多数的”应用形容词mst,表示“鲨鱼数量”应用shark ppulatins,表示“下降”应用动词decline,表示幅度应用介词by,表示“自20世纪90年代以来”应用since the 1990s,从句中应用现在完成时。再结合其它汉语意思,故翻译为Peple want t be better ff, s it’s nt surprising that mst shark ppulatins have declined by 90% since the 1990s.。
29.(23-24高二下·上海崇明·期末)这个活动由四个不同的部分组成,需要大约100名志愿者。(cnsist) (汉译英)
【答案】The event cnsists f fur different sectins and requires abut 100 vlunteers.
【详解】考查动词和名词。根据句意,表示“这个活动”应为The event作主语,表示“由……组成”应为cnsist f作谓语,根据句意,此处讲述的是客观事实,所以使用一般现在时,cnsist f与主语the event之间为主动关系,且主语为第三人称单数,所以谓语动词为cnsists f,表示“四个不同的部分”应为fur different sectins作宾语,表示“需要大约100名志愿者”与前半句为并列关系,所以使用并列连词and连接,表示“需要”应为require作并列句的谓语,也应使用一般现在时,且与主语为主动关系,主语为第三人称单数,所以应为requires,表示“大约100名志愿者”应为abut 100 vlunteers作宾语。故翻译为The event cnsists f fur different sectins and requires abut 100 vlunteers.
30.(23-24高二下·上海浦东新·期末)研究人员想弄清楚经常与动物接触是否能帮助人们有效减轻压力。(expsure) (汉译英)
【答案】Researchers want t figure ut whether/if cnstant expsure t animals can help peple effectively reduce their stress.
【详解】考查名词、固定短语、宾语从句、动词时态。表示“研究人员”用researcher,结合句意可知,研究人员不止一个,应用名词复数形式,作主语;表示“想弄清楚”用want t figure ut,本句陈述事实,故时态用一般现在时,且主语为Researchers,故谓语用动词原形;表示“暴露于,接触”用expsure t,其中t为介词;表示“减少压力”用reduce their stress,因此表示“经常与动物接触是否能帮助人们有效减轻压力”用从句whether/if cnstant expsure t animals can help peple effectively reduce their stress,作figure ut的宾语,其中从句主语为cnstant expsure t animals“持续接触动物”。故翻译为:Researchers want t figure ut whether/if cnstant expsure t animals can help peple effectively reduce their stress.
31.(23-24高二下·上海宝山·期末)与这位家喻户晓的建筑师一起工作是一次难忘的经历,是我职业生涯迄今为止的一个亮点。(highlight) (汉译英)
【答案】Wrking with this universally renwned architect was an unfrgettable experience, undubtedly a highlight f my career thus far.
【详解】考查名词。句子描述过去发生的事情,使用一般过去时,主语中的“与……一起工作”wrk with,“这位家喻户晓的建筑师”this universally renwned architect,“与这位家喻户晓的建筑师一起工作”作句子主语,需用动名词短语形式wrking with this universally renwned architect,作主语置于句首,首字母大写,系动词“是”需用过去式,且动名词短语作主语,应用第三人称单数was,表语“一次难忘的经历”an unfrgettable experience,同位语“我职业生涯的一个亮点”a highlight f my career,副词“无疑,必定”undubtedly作状语,“迄今为止”thus far。故翻译为Wrking with this universally renwned architect was an unfrgettable experience, undubtedly a highlight f my career thus far.
32.(23-24高二下·上海宝山·期末)校餐也要以其他食品的推销方法推销给孩子。(the same way)(汉译英)
【答案】Schl meals shuld als be marketed t children in the same way as ther fds.
【详解】考查名词短语、动词短语和介词短语。根据句意以及句子的提示词可知,表示“校餐”应为名词短语Schl meals;表示“被推销给”应为动词短语be marketed t;表示“孩子们”为名词children;表示“以同样的方式”应为介词短语in the same way;表示“和其他食物一样”应为介词短语as ther fds。故翻译为:Schl meals shuld als be marketed t children in the same way as ther fds.
33.(23-24高二下·上海宝山·期末)为了培养学生地道的口音,该大学计划从国外聘请一些英文老师。(handful)(汉译英)
【答案】In rder t cultivate students' authentic accent, the university plans t hire a handful f English teachers frm abrad.
【详解】考查固定短语、动词、名词短语、动词短语和时态。根据句意以及句子的提示词可知,表示“为了做某事”应为固定短语In rder t d;表示“培养”为动词cultivate;表示“学生地道的口音”应为名词短语students' authentic accent;表示“该大学”为名词the university;表示“计划做某事”应为动词短语plan t d;表示“聘请”为动词hire;表示“一些英文老师”应为名词短语a handful f English teachers;结合句意可知,该句应为一般现在时。故翻译为:In rder t cultivate students' authentic accent, the university plans t hire a handful f English teachers frm abrad.
34.(23-24高二下·上海·期末)虽然地球表面70%覆盖着水,但其中只有很少才能被人类利用。(Thugh) (汉译英)
【答案】Thugh 70% f the Earth’s surface is cvered with water, nly a small prtin f it can be utilized by humans.
【详解】考查状语从句和短语。表示“虽然”应用thugh引导让步状语从句,表示“地球表面70%”为70% f the Earth’s surface;表示“覆盖着水”为be cvered with water;主句主语“其中只有很少”为nly a small prtin f it;表示“被人类利用”应用be utilized by humans,can后跟动词原形。从句为一般现在时的被动语态。故翻译为Thugh 70% f the Earth’s surface is cvered with water, nly a small prtin f it can be utilized by humans.
35.(23-24高二下·上海闵行·期末)为什么不先去逛逛免税店,再去取行李?(Why nt)(汉译英)
【答案】Why nt g t the duty-free shp first and then pick up the luggage?
【详解】考查固定句型、形容词、名词、副词。表示“为什么不做某事”用固定句型Why nt d sth.?。表示“去”用g t,位于Why nt后用动词原形。表示“免税的”用形容词duty-free,作前置定语,修饰“商店”。表示“商店”用shp,此处为特指,用冠词the,the duty-free shp作g t的宾语。表示“首先”用副词first,作状语,修饰g t。表示“然后”用then,作时间状语。表示“取”用pick up,与g t并列,用连词and连接。表示“行李”用名词luggage,此处为特指,用定冠词the,the luggage作pick up的宾语。故翻译为Why nt g t the duty-free shp first and then pick up the luggage?
36.(23-24高二下·上海闵行·期末)尽管工作千头万绪,但一想到暑期可以在海滩上欣赏日出日落,他就满怀期望。(Despite)(汉译英)
【答案】Despite the cmplicated wrk, he is filled with expectatin at the thught f enjying the sunrise and sunset n the beach during the summer vacatin.
【详解】考查介词、短语和非谓语动词。表示“尽管”用让步介词despite,后面跟名词短语“千头万绪的工作”the cmplicated wrk,表示“充满”用be filled with,表示人物客观感受,用一般现在时,主语为he,be动词用is,表示“期望”用expectatin,表示“一想到”用介词短语at the thught f,表示“在海滩上欣赏日出日落”用enjy the sunrise and sunset n the beach,介词后用动名词作宾语,表示“在暑假”用during the summer vacatin。综上所述,故翻译为Despite the cmplicated wrk, he is filled with expectatin at the thught f enjying the sunrise and sunset n the beach during the summer vacatin.
37.(23-24高二下·上海·期末)只要下载一个烹饪相关的应用软件,你就可以根据里面简单易学的烹饪视频烧出许多美味佳肴。(with) (汉译英)
【答案】As lng as yu dwnlad an app related t cuisine, yu can ck numerus delicius dishes with the easy-t-fllw cking vides inside.
【详解】考查状语从句、过去分词、形容词、名词和with复合结构。根据句意,该句描述的是客观事实,所以全句使用一般现在时,表示“只要下载一个烹饪相关的应用软件”应为as lng as引导的条件状语从句,位于句首,第一个as的首字母需要大写;表示“下载”应为dwnlad,表示“一个应用软件”应为an app作宾语,表示“烹饪相关的”可译为related t cuisine,为过去分词短语作后置定语修饰名词app,所以,从句可以译为As lng as yu dwnlad an app related t cuisine;表示“可以烧出”应为can ck,表示“许多美味佳肴”应为numerus delicius dishes作宾语,其中numerus delicius作定语修饰名词dishes,表示“根据里面简单易学的烹饪视频”可使用“with复合结构”,翻译为with the easy-t-fllw cking vides inside,所以,主句可译为yu can ck numerus delicius dishes with the easy-t-fllw cking vides inside。故翻译为As lng as yu dwnlad an app related t cuisine, yu can ck numerus delicius dishes with the easy-t-fllw cking vides inside.
38.(23-24高二下·上海闵行·期末)令校长开心的是,自推行新教材以来,越来越多的学生对地理表现出兴趣。(intrduce)(汉译英)
【答案】What delights the headmaster is that mre and mre students have shwn/ expressed (an) interest in gegraphy since the new textbks were intrduced.
【详解】考查主语从句、表语从句和时态语态。用指物的连接代词what 引导主语从句并在从句中作主语,表示“令……高兴”应用动词delight,后跟the headmaster作宾语,为一般现在时;系动词is后跟that引导的表语从句,表示“越来越多的学生”为mre and mre students;表示“对地理表现出兴趣”翻译为shw/ express (an) interest in gegraphy,为现在完成时;表示“自从”应用since引导时间状语从句,主语为the new textbks;表示“推行”可用动词intrduce,为一般过去时的被动语态。故翻译为What delights the headmaster is that mre and mre students have shwn/ expressed (an) interest in gegraphy since the new textbks were intrduced.
39.(23-24高二下·上海·期末)拥有平衡的生活,有时间和朋友社交,甚至向治疗师求助,是拥有获得内心平静的关键。(key)(汉译英)
【答案】Having a balanced life, having time t scialize with friends, and even reaching ut t a therapist, is the key t having inner peace.
【详解】考查动名词,形容词,时态,主谓一致,名词。根据汉语意思可知,句子的主语为“拥有平衡的生活,有时间和朋友社交,甚至向治疗师求助”,所以用动名词作主语;表示“拥有”用have;“平衡的”为balanced;“生活”为life;“有时间”为have time;“与……社交”为scialize with sb.,宾语为friends;表示“甚至”用even,表示“向……伸出援助之手”为reach ut;“治疗师”为therapist。所以主语部分为Having a balanced life, having time t scialize with friends, and even reaching ut t a therapist。动名词作主语谓语动词用单数,本句中为描述事实,所以用一般现在时,所以be动词用is;表示“关键”用key;“……的关键”用the key t;“内心的”为inner;“和平”为peace。故答案为Having a balanced life, having time t scialize with friends, and even reaching ut t a therapist, is the key t having inner peace.
40.(23-24高二下·上海·期末)过去的10年来,生物学家对濒临灭绝的海洋物种表示同情。(threaten) (汉译英)
【答案】Over the past decade, bilgists have shwn sympathy fr marine species threatened with extinctin.
【详解】考查名词(短语)、动词短语和非谓语动词。时间状语“过去的10年来”可用介词ver和名词短语the past decade搭配,句子时态应用现在完成时;主语“生物学家”应用名词bilgists,为复数;“对……表示同情”可用动词短语shw sympathy fr,且shw需变为have shwn的形式;“海洋物种”可用名词短语marine species;“濒临灭绝的”是修饰species的成分,动词短语be threatened with extinctin表示“受到灭绝的威胁,濒临灭绝”,因此用过去分词短语作species的后置定语。故可译为:Over the past decade, bilgists have shwn sympathy fr marine species threatened with extinctin.
41.(23-24高二下·上海杨浦·期末)尽管电动车着火事故频频发生,但发展新能源汽车依然是大势所趋。(ccurrence) (汉译英)
【答案】Despite the frequent ccurrence f electric vehicle fire, the develpment f new energy vehicles remains an irresistible trend.
【详解】考查介词、名词、时态和形容词。尽管意为“Despite”,电动车着火事故频频发生意为“the frequent ccurrence f electric vehicle fire”,发展新能源汽车译为“the develpment f new energy vehicles”,依然是译为“remain”,描述一般事实,用一般现在时,大势所趋意为“an irresistible trend”,故翻译为Despite the frequent ccurrence f electric vehicle fire, the develpment f new energy vehicles remains an irresistible trend.
42.(23-24高二下·上海杨浦·期末)数字化进程使学生能够在一个无风险的环境中进行虚拟实验。(enable) (汉译英)
【答案】The prcess f digitalizatin enables students t d virtual experiments in a risk-free envirnment.
【详解】考查时态和固定短语。“数字化进程”是主语,译为“the prcess f digitalizatin”,“使某人能够做某事”为固定短语enable sb t d,不定式为宾语补足语,学生译为“students”,“进行虚拟实验”译为“d virtual experiments”,状语“在一个无风险的环境中”译为“in a risk-free envirnment”,描述一般事实,用一般现在时,故翻译为The prcess f digitalizatin enables students t d virtual experiments in a risk-free envirnment.
43.(23-24高二下·上海·期末)为什么不把料理家务作为自己的习惯呢? (ritual)(汉译英)
【答案】Why nt make husekeeping a ritual f yur wn?/ Why dn’t yu make husekeeping a ritual f yur wn?
【详解】考查疑问句,名词,介词。根据汉语意思可知,本句为表示建议,表示建议用“why nt d sth.”或者“why dn’t yu”;“成为”用make;“料理家务”名词为husekeeping;“习惯”为ritual;“……的”用 f ne’s wn。故答案为Why nt make husekeeping a ritual f yur wn?或者Why dn’t yu make husekeeping a ritual f yur wn?
44.(23-24高二下·上海·期末)教授介绍了风险管理的基本概念,这是金融学的基础。(underlie)(汉译英)
【答案】The prfessr intrduced the basic cncepts f risk management, which underlie finance.
【详解】考查动词、时态、定语从句。表示“介绍”应用动词intrduce,因句子表示的是过去发生的动作,谓语动词使用一般过去时;表示“教授”短语为the prfessr;表示“风险管理的基本概念”短语为the basic cncepts f risk management,在句中做宾语;表示“是金融学的基础”短语为underlie finance,在句中做非限制性定语,修饰前面整个句子,故翻译为The prfessr intrduced the basic cncepts f risk management, which underlie finance.
45.(23-24高二下·上海·期末)中国和欧洲宇航员将合作执行太空任务的协议为科学技术的突破性进步铺平了道路。(pave, 同位语从句)(汉译英)
【答案】The agreement that Chinese and Eurpean astrnauts will cperate in space missins paves the way fr breakthrugh advances in science and technlgy.
【详解】考查同位语从句、固定短语、时态。表示“铺平了道路”应使用短语pave the way fr;表示“中国和欧洲宇航员将合作执行太空任务的协议”可翻译为The agreement that Chinese and Eurpean astrnauts will cperate in space missins,其中that引导的同位语从句解释说明agreement的内容,因句子表示的是将来发生的动作,谓语动词使用一般将来时;表示“科学技术的突破性进步”可翻译为breakthrugh advances in science and technlgy。故翻译为The agreement that Chinese and Eurpean astrnauts will cperate in space missins paves the way fr breakthrugh advances in science and technlgy.
46.(23-24高二下·上海·期末)在毕业典礼上,李华向和他一起同甘共苦的老师们表达了由衷的感激。(shw)(汉译英)
【答案】At the graduatin ceremny, Li Hua shwed his heartfelt gratitude t the teachers wh shared weal and we with him.
【详解】考查介词短语、动词、时态和定语从句。“在毕业典礼上”作时间状语,用介词短语at the graduatin ceremny表示,主语“李华”用Li Hua,谓语“表达”用动词shw,讲述过去的事情用一般过去时态shwed,宾语“由衷的感激”用名词短语heartfelt gratitude,“向……表达感激”为shw ne’s gratitude t,“和他一起同甘共苦的老师们”译为the teachers wh shared weal and we with him,其中关系代词wh引导限制性定语从句修饰先行词the teachers,从句中动宾短语share weal and we意为“同甘共苦”。综上,全句译为:At the graduatin ceremny, Li Hua shwed his heartfelt gratitude t the teachers wh shared weal and we with him.
47.(23-24高二下·上海·期末)意识到他的自负和无能已经带来了严重后果,这位外科医生显然忐忑不安,他额头上的汗水正是焦虑的迹象。(stmach;使用独立主格结构)(汉译英)
【答案】Realizing that his cnceit and incmpetence had brught serius cnsequences, the surgen bviusly had a queasy feeling in his stmach, the sweat n his frehead signing anxiety.
【详解】考查独立主格结构和时态。主语“这位外科医生”the surgen,“忐忑不安”使用动词短语have a queasy feeling in his stmach,句子描述过去的情况,应用一般过去时,动词使用过去式形式had作句子谓语,“显然”使用副词bviusly作状语,修饰动词had,“他额头上的汗水”the sweat n his frehead,“正是焦虑的迹象”即“示意他的焦虑”,译为sign anxiety,sign与逻辑主语sweat之间是主动关系,应用现在分词形式表示主动,构成独立主格结构,“意识到”realize,与逻辑主语the surgen之间是主动关系,使用现在分词形式作状语,后接that引导的宾语从句,从句主语“他的自负和无能”his cnceit and incmpetence,“带来”bring,结合语意可知,“带来严重后果”这一动作发生在“忐忑不安”之前,为“过去的过去”,所以从句应用过去完成时,即had brught,后接宾语“严重后果”serius cnsequence,cnsequence为可数名词,应用其复数形式表示泛指。故翻译为Realizing that his cnceit and incmpetence had brught serius cnsequences, the surgen bviusly had a queasy feeling in his stmach, the sweat n his frehead signing anxiety.
48.(23-24高二下·上海·期末)观众们倒抽一口凉气,这位种子选手赢下了前两局,两个小时之后却只有五成的获胜希望。(chance)(汉译英)
【答案】The audience gasped in shck as this seeded player wn the first tw sets, but tw hurs later, his/her chance f winning dwindled t nly fifty percent.
【详解】考查固定短语和时态。本句陈述过去的事实,用一般过去时;主语为audience;表示“倒抽一口凉气”翻译为gasp in shck,作谓语,陈述过去的事情,用一般过去时;表示“这位种子选手赢下了前两局”应用as引导时间状语从句,翻译为as this seeded player wn the first tw sets;“两个小时之后却只有五成的获胜希望”处理为but连接并列句,表示“两个小时之后”翻译为tw hurs later;表示“赢的机会”翻译为chance f winning,“减少到”用dwindle t。故翻译为The audience gasped in shck as this seeded player wn the first tw sets, but tw hurs later, his/her chance f winning dwindled t nly fifty percent.
49.(23-24高二下·上海杨浦·期末)根据一项学生会的调查,学生熬夜学习的主要原因是对早睡的内疚以及对学业落后的担忧。(why) (汉译英)
【答案】Accrding t a survey cnducted by the students’ unin, the main reasns why students burn the night il are guilt ver sleeping early and cncern abut falling behind in their studies.
【详解】考查介词短语、名词(短语)、动词短语、非谓语动词和定语从句。句子在介绍一般性的事实,时态宜用一般现在时;“根据一项学生会的调查”为状语,“根据”可用介词短语accrding t,“一项调查”可用名词a survey,“学生会的”可理解为“由学生会实施的”,可用过去分词短语cnducted by the students’ unin作survey的后置定语;“……的主要原因”可用固定句型the main reasns why…,why引导限制性定语从句修饰reasns,该从句中主语“学生”可用名词students,“熬夜学习”可用动词短语burn the night il;“是”用be动词are,“对早睡的内疚”可用名词短语guilt ver sleeping early,其中动名词sleeping early作ver的宾语,“以及”应用连词and,“对学业落后的担忧”可用名词短语cncern abut falling behind in their studies,其中动名词falling behind in their studies作abut的宾语。故可译为:Accrding t a survey cnducted by the students’ unin, the main reasns why students burn the night il are guilt ver sleeping early and cncern abut falling behind in their studies.
50.(23-24高二下·上海宝山·期末)主席不仅致力于打造一个科技强国,还号召人们加强科技创新园区的建设,并推动绿色制造业的发展。(call n)(汉译英)
【答案】The Chairman nt nly fcuses n building a strng cuntry in science and technlgy but als calls n peple t strengthen the cnstructin f science and technlgy innvatin parks and t prmte the develpment f green manufacturing.
【详解】考查nt als...并列句、动词短语以及名词短语。句子陈述目前事实,应用一般现在时。“不仅……还……”可以使用nt nly but als句型,其中第一个分句中,主语是“主席”,翻译为chairman,谓语是“致力于打造”,翻译为fcus n building,“科技强国”是宾语,翻译为a strng cuntry in science and technlgy;第二个分句中,主语仍然是“主席”,谓语是“号召”,按照题目要求,使用call n sb. t d。“科技创新园区”翻译为the cnstructin f science and technlgy innvatin parks。“并推动……”可以处理成另外一个并列分句,和call n sb. t d进行并列,“绿色制造业”翻译为green manufacturing。故整句翻译为The Chairman nt nly fcuses n building a strng cuntry in science and technlgy but als calls n peple t strengthen the cnstructin f science and technlgy innvatin parks and t prmte the develpment f green manufacturing.
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