期中复习资料 Units1-5单元 单词+短语+句子+语法+练习+作文 2024-2025学年人教版(2024)七年级英语下册 -A4
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这是一份期中复习资料 Units1-5单元 单词+短语+句子+语法+练习+作文 2024-2025学年人教版(2024)七年级英语下册 -A4,共23页。试卷主要包含了重点单词,eq \a\vs4\al\c1,单元语法重点,作文范文等内容,欢迎下载使用。
Sectin A Why d yu like animals?
SectinB Hw are animals part f ur lives?
一、重点单词:
(一)动物名词:
1.fx/fɒks/-复数fxes n.狐狸;
2.giraffe /dʒə'rɑːf/n.长颈鹿;
3.eagle/'iːɡl/n.雕;鹰;
4.wlf/wʊlf/-wlves n.狼;
5.penguin /'peŋɡwɪn/n.企鹅;
6.snake /sneɪk/n.蛇;
7.shark /ʃɑːk/n.鲨鱼;
8.lin n. 狮子;
9.tiger n. 老虎;
9.whale/weɪl/n.鲸;
10.bear n. 熊;
11.mnkey n. 猴子;
12.muse→mice老鼠
补充:kala 考拉;
dlphin 海豚
(二)其他名词:
1.sandwich /'sænwɪdʒ/n.三明治;
2.neck/nek/n.脖子;
3.tail n. 尾巴;
4.sea n. 海洋;
5.luck/lʌk/n.幸运;运气;
6.swimmer/'swɪmə(r)/n.游泳者;
7.fur/fɜː(r)/n.(动物浓厚的) 软毛;
8.Thai /taɪ/adj.泰国的;泰国人的
n.泰国人;泰语;
9.culture/'kʌltʃə(r)/n.文化;文明;.
10.frest/'fɒrɪst/n.森林;
11.ear n. 耳朵;
12.trunk/trʌŋk/n.象鼻;
13.danger/'deɪndʒə(r)/n.危险;
14.ivry/'aɪvəri/n.象牙;
15.water n. 水 ;
16.hearing/'hɪərɪŋ/n.听力;听觉
(三)形容词:
1.scary /'skeəri/adj.吓人的;恐怖的;
2.dangerus/'deɪndʒərəs/adj.危险的;有危害的;
3.huge /hjuːdʒ/adj.巨大的;极多的;
4.lvely adj. 优美的;cl adj. 妙极的;酷的;
5.warm adj. 温暖的;
6.cld adj. 寒冷的;
7.clse adv. 紧挨着/adj. 亲密的;
8.playful/'pleɪfl/adj.爱嬉戏的;爱玩的;
9.friendly/'frendli/adj.友好的;
10.heavy adj. 重的;沉的 ;
11.strng adj. 强壮的;
12.blind /blaɪnd/adj.瞎的;失明的;
13.safe adj. 安全的
(四)动词:
(V原-Vs三单-V-ing现在分词-Ved过去式)
1.care/keə(r)/-cares-caring-cared
n.照顾;护理v.关心;在乎;
2.guess /ɡes/-guesses-guessing-guessed
v.猜测;估计;
3.stand -stands-standing-std v. 站立 ;
4.shuld mdal v. 应该;
5.lk-lks-lking-lked
v./n. 看 lks相貌;外貌;
6.save /seɪv/-saves-saving-saved
v.救;储蓄;保存;
7.pick/pɪk/-picks-picking-picked v.捡;摘;
8.carry/'kæri/-carries-carrying-carried v.拿;提
9.kill/kɪl/-kills-killing-killed v.杀死;弄死;
10.cut-cuts-cutting-cut v. 砍;切
(五)副词:
1.hwever/haʊ'evə(r)/adv. 然而;不过;
2.quite/kwaɪt/adv.相当;完全
eq \a\vs4\al\c1(词形变换):
1.可数名词的复数变化:
(1)snake →snakes (蛇) bk →bks (书) key →keys (钥匙)
(2)fx →fxes (狐狸) sandwich → sandwiches(三明治) class→ classes(班级)
(3)baby→ babies (婴儿) family→familes(家庭) party→parties(聚会)
(4)wlf →wlves (狼)
(5)tmat→tmates(土豆) pht→phts(照片)
(6)man→_men(男士) child→children(孩子) muse→mice(老鼠)
2.lve v/n. 爱→lvely adj. 优美的;迷人的
3.amaze v.→amazing adj. →amazed adj.
4.care v/n照顾;关心→careful adj.仔细的 →carefully adv仔细地
5.danger n.危险→dangerus adj .危险的
6.luck n.幸运;运气→lucky adj.幸运的→luckily adv.幸运地
7. play v.玩;比赛→playful adj.爱嬉戏的;爱玩的;
8.swim v.游泳→swimmer n.游泳者→swimming 现在分词
9. friend n.朋友→ friendly adj.友好的
10.hear v.听见→ hearing n.听力;听觉
11. natin n 国家;名族→natinal adj.国家的;民族的
12.different adj.不同的→differently adv.不同地 →difference n.区别;不同
13.interest n/v兴趣;感兴趣→interesting adj.令人感兴趣的→interested adj.(人)感兴趣的
二、eq \a\vs4\al\c1(重点短语)
1.cme/be back回来
2.lk after = take care f = care fr
照顾;处理
3.be/cme frm来自……
4.be gd fr对……有好处
be gd at 擅长做某事
be gd with 善于应付
be gd t 对某人友好
5.lk like看起来像
6.s much/very much/a lt 非常
7.stand clse tgether紧紧站在一起
8.favurite animal_最喜欢的动物
9.keep/stay warm_保暖
10.smart and funny又聪明又有趣
11. talk abut讨论
12. lk cute/lvely看起来可爱
13. help sb (t) d sth/help sb.with sth
帮助某人做某事
14.a symbl f……的象征
15.gd luck好运
16.be different frm 不同于
17. pick (it/them) up拿起;举起 (它/它们)
18.in sme ways在某些方面
19.such as例如+短语/V-ing
20.ne anther/each ther_互相
21.in danger 处于危险之中
22cut (it/them)dwn砍伐;减少(它/它们)
23.t many trees太多的树
t much milk太多的牛奶
24.made f由……制成的
25.quite a + adj+n相当;非常
26.nt at all一点也不;完全不
27.play with同……一起玩;玩弄
28.share sth with sb_与某人分享某事
29.think f/abut想出;想起
30.an imprtant part f_……的一个重要部分
30.feel well(身体)感到好
31. stay/keep safe 保持安全
32.walk t schl走路去学校
33.all kinks f各种各样
34.save animals 拯救动物
三、eq \a\vs4\al\c1(重点句型)
1.—What’s yur favurite animal? 你最喜欢的动物是什么?
—It’s the mnkey/ My favurite animal is the mnkey.是猴子。
2.—Why d yu like mnkeys? 你为什么喜欢猴子?
—Because they’re clever and funny因为它们聪明又有趣。
3.—Where are penguins frm?/ Where d penguins cme frm?企鹅来自哪里?
—They’re frm Antarctic./ They cme frm Antarctic. 他们来自南极洲。
4.—Why dn’t yu like snakes?你为什么不喜欢蛇?
—Because they’re really scary. 因为他们真的很可怕。
5.I like hw they walk.我喜欢他们走路的样子。
6.What d they lk like? / Hw d they lk? 他们长什么样?
7.D yu like elephants? 你喜欢大象吗?Yes, I d. N, I dn’t.是的,我喜欢。不,我不喜欢。
helps them keep warm. 它帮助他们保暖。
9. They remember places with fd and water after many years.
它们记得那些有水和食物的地方很多年。
10.They lk after ther elephants when they dn’t’ feel well.
当他们不舒服的时候,他们可以照顾其他的大象。
11. She helps me walk t schl and stay safe..她帮我走路到学校并且保持安全。
12. Elephants are an imprtant part f Thai life and culture.
大象是泰国生活和文化的重要一部分。
四、单元语法重点:
(一)形容词和副词的用法
形容词(adj.)
1.作定语,修饰名词或代词ne/nes, 一般位于被修饰词之前。
这是一本有趣的书。 This is an____________________ bk.
② 我只有一只小手提包。我想要买一些大的。
I nly have a small handbag. I want t buy sme ___________ nes .
注意:当形容词修饰不定代词或不定副词如smething、anything、smewhere、anywhere 等词,形容词要放在被修饰词的后面。
不定代词+形容词,定语后置。
③ 我有重要的事情要告诉你。I have___________ ____________ t tell yu.
④ 机器有什么问题吗?Is there ____________ __________ with the machine?
⑤ 今天报纸上有些新鲜事。There is________ _________in tday's newspaper.
2.作表语,位于连系动词之后,构成系表结构,,描述主语的状态或特征,或说明主语的情况。
系动词+形容词 他们很漂亮。They are beautiful. 他看起来很快乐。He seems happy.
感官动词+形容词:感官动词(如feel, lk, sund, smell, taste等)后常接形容词作补语,描述主语或宾语通过感官感知到的状态。例如:
① 这食物尝起来很美味。The fd ______________ _______________.
② 我的妈妈看起来很年轻。My mther ______________ _______________.
③ 这音乐听起来很美。The music ______________ _______________.
3.用作补语。
动词+形容词+宾语:在某些动词后,形容词可以作为补语来描述宾语的状态。这种结构通常用于表示宾语经历了某种变化或达到了某种状态。例如:
① 我发现这本书很有趣。I fund the bk______________________.
使役动词+宾语+形容词:使役动词(如make, keep, let, have等)后接宾语和形容词补语,表示使宾语处于某种状态。例如:
② 他们让门开着。 They kept the dr _________________.
③ 她把头发剪短了。She cut her hair _____________.
副词(adv.)
在句中的语法功能:副词在句中主要用作状语,修饰动词、形容词、其他副词以及全句,表示时间、地点程度、方式等概念
1. 修饰动词, 表示时间、地点程度、方式等概念.
I really like skatebarding.
2.程度副词表示程度,常用来修饰形容词、副词。
本单元出现的程度副词主要有kind f, very, really, s等。在运用程度副词时,very 和really语气更强;kind f程度轻,相当于a little;而really语气较重,它还能表示说话者发自内心的感受,意思是“真正地”。
① 熊猫有些有趣。 Pandas are____________________.
② 猪非常懒惰。 Pigs are_________________________.
③ 考拉是如此可爱。 Kalas are______________________.
④ 我认为老虎真的很可怕。 I think tigers are__________________.
⑤ 我的狗小花是一条很大的狗,但是一点也不吓人。
My dg,Xiahua,is quite a___________ dg,but she is nt _________________.
(二)特殊疑问句
特殊疑问句结构:特殊疑问词(wh-)+一般疑问句?
1.提问“表事物的名词”/“动作”:what 什么
e.g.: —What club d yu want t jin? 你想加入什么俱乐部?
—I want t jin the sprt club. 我想加入运动俱乐部。
询问姓名及回答:
1)—What's yur name? 你叫什么名字?
—My name is Emma. =I’m Emma. 我的名字是艾玛。
2)—What's his name? 他叫什么名字?
—His name is Peter. = He is Peter.他的名字是彼得。
3)—What's her name? 她叫什么名字?
—Her name is Ella. = She is Ella.她的名字是埃拉。
What’s yur first name? 你的名是什么?My first name is...
What’s yur last/family name? 你的姓是什么?My last/family name is...
What’s yur full name? 你的全名是什么?My full name is...
2.提问颜色:what clr 什么颜色
e.g.: —What clr is yur new dress? 你的新裙子是什么颜色?
— It’s white. 白色。
提问班级:what class什么班级
—What class are yu in?你在几班?
—I am(I’m) in Class 1, Grade 7.我在七年级1班。
3.提问人:wh 谁
e.g.:— Wh is the man ver there? 那边那个人是谁?
—It’s Mr. Ga. 是高老师。
4.提问时间:when 什么时候 / what time 什么时候/几点(具体时刻)
e.g.: —When d yu usually d exercise? 你通常什么时候锻炼?
— In the mrning. 早上。
—What time d yu usually get up? 你通常几点起床?
— At 6:30. 六点半。
5.提问原因:why 为什么(回答:because 因为)
e.g.: — Why d yu like English? 你为什么喜欢英语?
—Because it’s interesting. 因为英语很有趣。
6.提问位置:where 在哪里
e.g.:—Where is Peter? 彼得在哪里?
— He is in the classrm. 在教室。
7.提问adj:hw 怎么样 What be... like?像怎样?
e.g.: —Hw are yu? 你好吗?
—I am fine, thank yu. / l am great. / I am OK. And yu? 我很好,谢谢。你呢?
—What's yur schl like? 你的学校怎么样?
—It’s large and beautiful. 它大而且漂亮。
8.提问拥有者:whse 谁的
—Whse badmintn is this? 那是谁的羽毛球拍?
— It’s Hanlin’s. 它是韩林的。
They belng t my father.
9.提问数量:hw many (可数名词复数) / hw much (不可数名词)
e.g.:—Hw many bys are in yur class? 你们班有多少男生?
— There are 30. 三十个。
—Hw much milk d yu want? 你想要多少牛奶?
— A small cup. 一小杯。
10.提问价格:hw much 多少钱
e.g.: —Hw much is this bk? 这本书多少钱?
— It’s 15 yuan. 十五元。
11.提问年龄:hw ld 多大
e.g.: —Hw ld are yu? 你多大了?
— I’m twelve years ld. 十二岁。
—Hw ld is she/he?她/他多少岁?
— She/He 12 years ld.她/他12岁。
12.提问看法:What d/des + 主语 + think f +
=Hw d/des +主语+like/feel
e.g.: —What des Mike think f his new schl? 迈克觉得新学校怎么样?
— He thinks it’s beautiful. 他觉得很漂亮。
13.提问频率:hw ften多久一次
e.g.: —Hw ften d yu play ftball? 你多久提一次足球?
— I play it twice a week.我一周踢两次足球。
练习题:
一、单项选择(每小题1分,共10)
( )1. —______ is yur birthday? —It's n May 5th.
A. What B. When C. Where D.Wh
( )2. —______ is yur new bike? —It's 300 yuan.
A. Hw many B. Hw much C. Hw lng D.Hw ld
( )3. —________ d yu like mnkeys?
—Because they’re clever and funny.
A.What B.Why C.When D.Where
( )4—Mike, ____________ d yu play cmputer games?
—Hardly ever. I think it is bad fr my study.
hw ften B.hw manyC.hw lngD.hw far
( )5.— ________ the bkcases?
— They are next t the windw.
A.Where is B.What is C.What areD.Where are
二、对划线部分提问1.They're frm China.(对划线部分提问)
______ ______ they frm?
2. It lks like a dg.(对划线部分提问)
What ______ it ______ like?
3.We have t wear the schl unifrm. (对划线部分提问)
______ ______ yu have t d?
4.She desn’t like tigers because they are dangerus. (对划线部分提问)
she like tigers?
5.The baseball is Helen’s. (对划线部分提问)
is it?
6.Tny hardly ever exercises.(对划线部分提问)
des Tny exercise?
7.He has t wear the schl unifrm.(对划线部分提问)
des he t wear?
8.He usually has a piece f bread fr breakfast.
_________ _________ he usually _________ fr breakfast?
9.My new cmputer is 4,000 yuan.
_________ _________ is yur new cmputer?
10.The penguin is my favurite animal.
_________ _________ yur favurite animal?
11.My father is 40 years ld.
_________ _________ is yur father?
12.We can have dinner at 5:30 at schl.
_________ _________ yu have dinner at schl?
13.There are twenty-fur bys in my class.
_________ _________ bys are there in yur class?
五、作文范文
My favrite animal is the panda.Pamdas are white and black. They like climbing trees and walking in the frests. They eat bamb. I think they are very cute and friendly. Hwever, pandas are in danger nw. First, pandas dn’t have many babies and baby pandas ften die. Secnd, pandas eat bamb, but the bamb frests are getting smaller and smaller.
T save animals is t save urselves. S we shuld d smething fr pandas. We can plant mre bamb. Let’s g fr it nw.
Unit 2 N Rules,N Order
Big questin Why d we need rules?
Sectin A What rules d we fllw?
SectinB Hw can rules help us?
一、重点单词
(一)名词:
1.rule /ruːl/ n.规则;规章
2. hallway /ˈhɔːlweɪ/ n.走廊
3.unifrm /ˈjuːnɪfɔːm/ n.校服;制服
4.jacket /ˈdʒækɪt/ n.夹克衫;短上衣
5.sweet /swiːt/ n.糖果adj.甜的
6. snack /snæk/ n.点心;小吃
7.queue /kjuː/ n.队
8.belt /belt/ n.安全带;腰带;皮带
9. nise /nɔɪz/ n.声音;噪声
10. weekday /ˈwiːkdeɪ/ n.工作日(星期一至星期五的任何一天)
11,persn /ˈpɜːsən/ n.人
12.advice /ədˈvaɪs/ un.建议;意见
13.hand n.手
14.spirit /ˈspɪrɪt/ n.精神;情绪
15.pen n.钢笔
16.fruit n.水果
17.phne n.电话 =telephne
18.hspital n.医院
19.cinema n.电影院
20.wrld n.世界
21.clthes n.衣服
22.TV n.电视=televisin
23.car n.小汽车
(二)动词:
(V原-Vs三单-V-ing现在分词-Ved过去式)
1.rder/ˈɔːdə(r)/-rders-rdering-rdered
n.秩序;命令v.点菜;命令
2. fllw /ˈfɒləʊ/-fllws-fllwing-fllwed
v.遵循;跟随
3. arrive /əˈraɪv/ -arrives-arriving-arrived v. 到达
4. litter/ˈlɪtə(r)/-litters-littering-littered v.乱扔n.垃圾
5.treat /triːt/ -treats-treating-treated
v.对待;招待;治疗n.款待
6. respect /rɪˈspekt/-respects-repecting-respected
n. &. v.尊敬
7.lend /lend/ -lends-lending-lent v.借给;借出
8.feed /fiːd/-feeds-feeding-fed v.喂养;饲养
9.leave /liːv/-leaves-leaving-left v.离开;留下
10. practise /ˈpræktɪs/-practises-practising-practiced
v.训练;练习
11.hang/hæŋ/-hungs-hunging-hang v.悬挂
12.becme /bɪˈkʌm/-becme-becming-became
v.变成;成为
13. fcus/ˈfəʊkəs/ -fcuses-fcusing-fcused
v.集中(注意力、精力等);聚焦
14. build /bɪld/ -builds-building-built
v.创建;建造
15. relax /rɪˈlæks/ -relaxes-relaxing-relaxed
v.放松;休息
16.understand -understands-understanding-understd
v.理解;领会
17.must mdal v.必须 情态动词加动词原形
18.hurry-hurries-hurrying-hurried v.&n.匆忙
19.shw-shws-shwing-shwed v.表明;展示 n.演出
v.带来
21.turn-turns-turning-turned v.转动 n. 轮流交替
22.jump-jumps-jumping-jumped v.跳 n.跳
(三)形容词和副词
1.plite /pəˈlaɪt/ adj.有礼貌的
2.mbile /ˈməʊbaɪ/ adj.可移动的
3.absent /ˈæbsənt/ adj.缺席的;不在的
4.unhappy /ʌnˈhæpi/ adj.不快乐的
5.awful /ˈɔːfl/ adj.糟糕的;讨厌的
6.better /ˈbetə/ adj.较好的adv.较好地
7.untidy /ʌnˈtaɪdi/ adj.不整洁
8.bad adj. 不好的;坏的 badly adv.不好地
9. quietly /'kwaɪətli/adv.轻声地;安静地
10.late adj.迟到的;晚的 adv.晚地 反:early
11.either /ˈaɪðə/ adv.也(用于否定词组后)
12.ff adv.离开
adv.从不 频度副词,放be后d前
反义词always 总是(四)其他
1.if /ɪf/ cnj.如果
2. everything /ˈevriθɪŋ/ prn.每件事;一切 .(五)词形变化
l. rule n.规则- ruler n.统治者
2.plite adj.礼貌的- plitely adv.礼貌地
- implite adj.不礼貌的
3.quiet adj.安静的- quietly adv. 安静地
4. nise n.噪音- nisy adj.吵闹的
5. happy adj. 快乐的- unhappyadj.不快乐的
6. practise v.练习- practice n. 练习
7. build v.建造- building n.建筑物
8.relax v.放松- relaxing adj.令人放松的
- relaxed adj.(人)感到放松的
9. advice un.建议- advise v.建议
10. tidy adj.整洁的- untidy(反义词)不整洁的
二、重点短语
1.be/arrive late fr schl 上学迟到
到达arrive in+大地点 arrive at+小地点
2. n time准时
3. have t d不得不
4.in class 在课堂上
5.wear the schl unifrm穿校服
6.put up/raise ne’s hand举手
7. fllw/keep rules遵守规则
8. turn ff关掉(水、电或煤气)
turn n 打开
turn up 调高
turn dwn 调低
9. f curse当然
10.lend sb sth=lend sth t sb借给某人某物
11.thanks fr ding 为而感谢你
12. It’s +adj.+t d sth 做某事是的
13.answer ne’s phne接电话
14.be plite t sb.对某人有礼貌
15.bring 把带到
take sth frm sb 从某人那里拿走某物
16.be bad fr 对有害
17. jump the queue插队
18. be absent frm缺席;不在
19. put n sb's seat belt系上某人的安全带
put n 穿上(强调穿的动作)
20.make nise 制造噪音
21.keep quiet 保持安静
22.t many rules太多的规则
t much hmewrk 太多家庭作业
23.make sb's/the bed整理床铺;铺床
24.practise ding sth练习做某事
practise the vilin练习小提琴
25. n weekdays在工作日
at weekends在周末
26. hang ut闲逛;常去某处
27. fcus n (ding) 专注于(做)某事
28. think abut思考;考虑
29. get untidy变得不整洁
30. walk the dg遛狗
31. shw respect fr对表示尊重
treat sb. with respect 尊重某人
32.build schl spirit 建立校风
33. get alng with与……和睦相处
34.fight with sb 与某人打架
35.be kind/friendly/nice t 对某人友好
36.hurry t+地点 匆忙去某地
37.have fun=have a gd time 玩得开心三、重点句型
(一)语法聚焦:
1.在走廊里走。Walk in the hallway.
2.不要跑!Dn't run!
3.要有礼貌,要互相尊重。Be plite and treat ne anther with respect.
4.不要乱扔(垃圾)。/禁止乱扔(垃圾)。/你不能乱扔(垃圾)。
Dn’t litter./ Yu musn’t litter./Yu can’t litter.
5.我们能把手机带进课堂吗?Can we bring ur phnes t class?
6.不,我们不能。我们必须把它们存放在储物柜里。
N, we can’t. We must keep them in ur lckers.
7.我们能在课堂上吃零食吗?Can we eat snacks in class?
8.不,我们不能在课堂上吃东西。我们得去餐厅吃。
N, we can’t eat in class. We have t eat in the dinning hall.
(二)对话:
1.-玛丽能在走廊里跑吗? -不,她不能。她必须在走廊里走。
-Can Mary run in the hallway? -N, she can't. She has t walk in the hallway.
2.-你想要一颗糖果吗? -不,谢谢你。我们不能在课堂上吃零食。
-Wuld yu like a sweet? -N,thank yu. We can't eat snacks in class.
3.-谢谢你告诉我!Thanks fr telling me. -不客气! Yu are welcme!
4. -不要在走廊奔跑!Dn’t run in the hallways! -Srry,I wn’t!对不起,我将不会那样做了!
(三)校规:
1.我们必须保持学校干净整洁。We must keep ur schl clean and tidy.
2.如果你想问老师问题,请举手。Put up yur hand if yu want t ask yur teacher a questin.
3.我们禁止把手机带进课堂。我们得关闭手机并存放进我们的储物柜里。
We mustn’t bring ur mbile phnes t class. We have t turn them ff and keep them in ur lckers.
4.我们上课不能迟到。这是对课堂和老师的尊重。
We mustn’t be late fr class. That shws respect fr ur class and teacher.
5.我们必须穿校服,因为这能树立校风。
We have t wear the schl unifrm because it builds schl spirit.
6.我的生活中有太多规则了!There are t many rules in my life!
(四)家规:
1.我必须在早餐前整理床铺。
I have t make my bed befre breakfast.
2.我必须先完成作业。
I have t finish my hmewrk first.
3.我只有练完钢琴才能打篮球。
I can nly play basketball after I practise the pian.
4.上学日我不能和朋友出去玩。
I can't hang ut with my friends n weekdays.
5.我必须每天打扫房间,我不能让我的书桌变得凌乱。
I must clean my rm every day, and I can’t let my desk get untidy.
6.我在家和在学校必须遵守太多规则。
I have t fllw t many rules at hme and at schl.
(五)规则的意义:
1.规则能帮助你成为一个更好的人。
Rules can help yu t becme a better persn.
2.规则可以帮助让世界变得更好。
Rules can help t make the wrld better.
3.无规矩不成方圆! N rules, n rder!
4.遵守规则对我们有好处。Keeping rules is gd fr us.
四、重点语法:祈使句
定义:一般用来表示命令、请求、劝说、警告、号召等的句子叫祈使句。祈使句的主语一般是第二人称yu,但往往省略,因此祈使句一般以动词原形开头。
练习题: 按要求完成句子,每空一词。
1. Cme in.(改为否定句)
________ ________ in.
2. Yu must be plite t thers.(改为祈使句)
________ ________ t thers.
3. Dn't swim here.(改为同义句)
________ ________ here.
4. Dn't let him jump the queue.(改为同义句)
Let him ________ _________ the queue.
5.Yu mustn't talk in class.(改为同义句)
________ ________ in class.
6.Yu can't play ftball n the street.(改为祈使句)
________ ________ ftball n the street.
7.Yu must keep quiet in the library.(改为祈使句)
________ ________ in the library.
8. Yu are plite t thers.(改为祈使句)
Please ________ ________ t thers.
情态动词can、have t 和 must 的用法
1.can:意为 “可以;能”,表示请求或许可,如 Yu can't run here.(你不能在这里跑。);意为 “能;会”,表示能力,如 She can sing.(她会唱歌。)
2.have t:意为 “必须;不得不”,表示客观需要做的事情,有人称、数和时态的变化。dn't have t 意为 “不必”。例如:It's late. She has t g hme.(天晚了。她不得不回家。)
3.must:意为 “必须”,表示主观的义务或必要。mustn't 意为 “不允许;禁止”。以 must 开头的一般疑问句,肯定回答一般用 must,否定回答一般用 needn't 或 dn't/desn't have t。例如:They mustn't bring fd.(他们禁止带食物。)
情态动词的句型结构:
1)肯定句:I can dance. / She can play the pian.
2)否定句:I can’t dance. / She can’t play the pian.
(can后面加nt,可缩写为can’t)
3)一般疑问句:Can yu dance? / Can she play the pian?
(can提到句首,一二人称互转)
肯定回答:Yes, I can. / Yes, she can.
否定回答:N, I can’t. / N, she can’t.
练习题:
1.I can g t the z with yu after lunch.(改为一般疑问句)
________ yu ________ t the z with me after lunch?
2.She has t clean her rm every day.(改为否定句)
She ________ ________ t clean her rm every day.
3. Must she clean the rm nw?(作否定回答)
N, she ________ ________ ________.
4.I must wear my schl unifrm at schl.(改为一般疑问句)
________ ________ wear ________ schl unifrm at schl?
五、单元主题写作专题
A
Rules are very imprtant at schl. I knw it may be difficult t fllw them, but they are gd fr everyne.
First, we must be n time, because that shws respect fr yur class and teachers. S, I get up early t make sure I'm never late fr schl. Secnd, we mustn't run in the hallway because it is nt safe. Als, we mustn't litter because we must keep the schl clean and tidy. Third, we have t wear the schl unifrm because it build schl spirit. What’s mre,, we mustn't eat snacks)r use ur mble phnes in classbecause we must fcus n learning. If yu want t ask the teacher questins in class, please put up yur hand first. Last but nt least, when yu have t be absent frm schl, tell yur teacher first.
If everyne can fllw the schl rules, I'm sure ur schl will be better.
B
My mum always says, “N rules, n rder!” S, she makes sme special rules fr my family.
First, we must keep the huse clean and tidy. I cannt litter and I must clean my bedrm every day. I must make my bed after I get up. Secnd, we must keep healthy. We must have meals n time. And I can nly have sweets nce a week. Third, hmewrk always cmes first. I can watch TV, but nly after I finish my hmewrk, practise the pian, walk the dg and d lts f ther things!
There are als sme ther rules. Fr example, we must turn ff the lights if we dn't stay in the rm. And we shuld be plite and respect each ther.
Unit3 Keep Fit 保持健康
Big Questin Hw d we eat well?
Sectin A Hw ften d yu d sprt r exercise?你多久锻炼一次?
Sectin B Hw is exercise gd fr yu?锻炼如何对你有益?
四个类型
肯定结构
否定结构
1.D 型
动词原形 (+ 其他)
Cme in, please.
Dn't + 动词原形 (+ 其他)。
Dn't cme in.
2.Be 型
Be + 表语 (adj.)。
Be quiet, please.
Dn't be + 表语 (adj.)。
Dn't be late.
3.Let 型
Let + 宾语 + 动词原形
Let him g.
Dn't let + 宾语 + 动词原形
Let + 宾语 + nt + 动词原形
Dn't let him g. = Let him nt g.
4.N 型
无肯定
N + 名词 / 动词 - ing 形式。
N fishing/smking.
重点单词
(一)名词:
1.baseball n.棒球(运动)
2.glve n. (手指分开的)手套
3.mat n.(运动用的)垫子
4.rpe n.绳子;粗绳
n.(网球、羽毛球等的)球拍
6. practice n.练习;实践- v. practise
7.badmintn n.羽毛球运动
8.duble n.双打(dubles);两倍
adj.成双的;两倍的
9. vlleyball n.排球(运动)
10.T-shirt n.T 恤衫
11. energy n.精力;能量
12. grup n. 组,群
13.air n.空气
14. evening n.晚上
15.skatebard n.滑板
16.skatebarding n.滑板运动
17.gal n.目标;目的
18.sit-up n.仰卧起坐
19.app (= applicatin) n.应用程序
20.prgress n.进步;进展
21. match n.比赛;竞赛
22. team n.队;组
23. teenager n.青少年(13岁至19岁之间)
24.bdy-bdies n.身体
(二)动词:
1.encurage-encurages-encuraging-encuraged
v.鼓励;激励
2.succeed-succeeds-succeeding-suceeded
v.成功;达到目标
3.lse-lses-lsing-lst v.输掉;丢失
4.win-wins-winning-wn v. 获胜;赢
5.try-tries-trying-tried v.&n.尝试;努力
6. jg-jgs-jgging-jgged v. 慢跑
7.excuse v.原谅;宽恕
8.belng v.应在(某处)(三)形容词/副词:
1. healthy adj.健康的
2.fit adj.健康的;健壮的v.适合
3.well-used adj.使用得多的
4.perfect adj. 完美的;极好的
5.few adj.( 表示否定的) 很少的; 几乎没有6.wrking adj.工作的
7.tired adj.累的,疲倦的
8.hardly adv.几乎不;几乎没有
9.ever adv.在任何时候:从来;曾经
10. nce adv.一次
11.twice adv.两次;两倍
12.maybe adv.也许;大概
13. seldm adv.很少;不常
14. smetime adv.某个时候
15.just adv.只是;正好
16.near prep.接近;在...附近;
adv.在近处 adj.近的
17.ver adv.在另一边
18.prep. 在上方;超过二、重点语块
1.keep fit/healthy保持健康
2.lk well-used 看起来常常使用
3.be gd at sth. / ding sth.=d well in sth/ding sth
擅长于某事/做某事
4.ping-png bat乒乓球拍
jump rpe跳绳(运动)
running shes跑鞋
an exercise mat一个运动垫
tennis racket网球拍
badmintn racket羽毛球拍
5.hw ften多久一次
6.hardly ever几乎从不
7.nce a week 一周一次
twice a week 一周两次
three times a week一周三次
8.talk abut谈论,讨论
9.a few 少数;几个
a few times几次
10.g swimming/jgging/fishing/bating
/shpping/skating
去游泳/慢跑/钓鱼/坐船/购物/滑滑板
11.play badmintn/vlleyball/basketball
/ftball/baseball/tennis/ping-png
打羽毛球/打排球/打篮球/踢足球/打棒球/打网球/打乒乓球 (play +运动)
12.play the pian/guitar/vilin/drums
弹钢琴/弹吉他/拉小提琴/打鼓
(play+the+乐器)
13.excuse me劳驾;请原谅
14.ver there在那边
15.sth. belng t sb. 属于(某人)(wh)
= be sb’s 是某人的 (whse)
16.hear birds singing听见鸟唱歌
17.n wrking days在工作日
18. be full f energy充满能量
19.practise ding 练习做某事
20.encurage sb. t d
鼓励某人做某事
21.ne anther=each ther 互相
22.d tricks 做技巧动作
23.d sit-ups 做仰卧起坐
24.use an exercise app使用一个健身应用
25.shw my prgress 显示我的进步
make (great) prgress in 在某方面取得进步
26.exercise a lt 经常锻炼
27.help us play better
帮助我们打得更好
28.build team spirit 培养团队精神
29. wrk as a team团队合作
30. keep me fit= keep me healthy
使我保持健康
31.play basketball fr fun
打篮球为了好玩
32.my favurite way f keeping fit
=my favurite way t keep fit
我最爱的保持健康的方式
33. bth... and ... 两者都
三、重点句子:
语法聚焦
这棒球手套是你的吗?Is this baseball yurs?
是的,那是我的。谢谢。Yes, that’s mine. Thank yu
这是谁的羽毛球拍?Whse badmintn racket is this?
我认为是韩林的。他的上面有“HL”。I think it’s Han Lin’s. His has HL n it.
你经常打乒乓球吗?D yu ften play ping-png?
是的,我一周打一次/二次/三次。Yes, I play nce/ twice / three times a week.
你多久踢一次足球?Hw ften d yu play ftball?
我一周踢两次,通常在周末。I play it twice a week, usually at weekends.
我几乎不踢球。I seldm/ hardly ever play it.
我从不踢球。I never d.
1.这是谁的足球?Whse ftball is it?
2.你多久打一次乒乓球?Hw ften d yu play ping-png?
3.我一周打三次。I play it three times a week.
8.Nt at all.不用谢
15.Practice makes perfect.熟能生巧
4.熟能生巧。Practice makes perfect.
5.埃玛很少打羽毛球。Emma seldm plays badmintn.
6.在慢跑后,我总是充满能量。 I’m always full f energy after jgging.
1.我喜欢滑板运动因为它使我保持健康。
I like skatebarding because it keeps me fit.
2.当我们一起保持健康,我们玩得很开心。
We have fun when we keep fit tgether.
3.棒球还可以建立团队精神。
Baseball als builds team spirit.
4.我们团队合作,输赢都是一个团队。
We wrk as a team, and we win r lse as a team.
5. 游泳对我有好处,因为它能使我保持健康。
Swimming is gd fr me because it keeps me healthy.
6.Once yu succeed , yu feel great. 你一旦成功,你会感到棒极了。
7.My friends and I practise at a special park twice a week. 我和我的朋友在特殊的公园里每周两次练习。
8.I like swimming because the cl water feels great when it’s ht. 我喜欢游泳是因为当天气热时,凉爽的水让我感到舒服。
四、重点语法:
(一)代词
1.人称代词和物主代词表
2.用法
1)人称代词(主格/宾格)的用法:
a) 人称代词主格在句子中做主语成分,放在动词前面,如:
She is a teacher. 她是一名老师。 We are students. 我们是学生。
They cme frm China. 他们来自中国。
b) 人称代词宾格在句子中做宾语或表语成分,放在动词或介词后面,动宾/介宾结构。
如:Can yu help me? 你能帮帮我吗?
注意事项:
① 分清楚指代名词的单复数;
② 要分清人名的性别;
③ 要注意名词词组中的中心名词;例:my brther’s name 用 it 代替;
2)物主代词(形容词性物主代词)的用法:
a) 形容词性物主代词用来修饰名词,放在名词前面,相当于形容词,不能单独使用,如:
My grandpa ges fishing every weekend. 我爷爷每周末都会去钓鱼。
This is his watch. 这是他的手表。
b) 名词性物主代词,相当于名词的用法,其后不再接名词,可做主语、宾语或表语;
名词性物主代词 = 形容词性物主代词 + n.
速记口诀:
① 有名填形;无名填名;
② 形变名很容易,添个 s 就可以;his, its 不用变,my 变 mine 要记清。
练习题:
1.D yu see (I) red dress, Mum? I can’t find it.
2.—Hw d yu spell (yu) name?—F-U, Fu. X-I-N-G, Xing.
3.The mnkey is 40 cm tall, (it) tail is abut 30 cm lng.
4.What clur is (he) uncle’s huse?
5.Ella’s cap is in (she) schlbag.
6.The white building n the left f the playgrund is (they) library.
7.My mm asks my brther t make (he) bed.
8.It is (I) first time t visit Nanjing Library.
9.We must clean up (we) classrm befre ging hme.
10.Nancy is (they) English teacher.
11.Thse are (we) math bks.
12.It is pencil. It’s n the desk. (he)
13. music festival is in Octber. (we)
14.My eraser is in my pencil case. This ne is (yu).
15.This is nt my watch. is made in China. (I)
(二)频度副词
频度副词是副词的一种,表示事情发生的频率。常用的频度副词有always、usually、ften、smetimes、seldm(hardlyever)、never等,它们在频度上的差异为:
always > usually > ften > smetimes > seldm (hardly ever)> never
频度副词的位置:频度副词通常放在实义动词前面。如果句子里有情态动词、助动词或系动词be,频度副词通常放在这类动词之后。例如:
I always play tennis near my huse.
We usually practise three times a week after schl.
I ften g swimming because it keeps me healthy.
对频率副词提问用hw ften多久一次。
Hw ften的问答有: ①频度副词:always、usually、ften...
②频率短语:nce a week; twice a mnth; three times a year...
③every day/every mnth/every year
练习题:按要求完成句子
1. I play tennis three times a week. (对划线部分提问)
______ ______ d yu play tennis?
2. The basketball is his. (改为同义句)
The basketball ______ ______ .
3. She always plays ftball after schl. (改为否定句)
She ______ ______ ftball after schl.
4. Are these yur jump rpes? (作肯定回答)
Yes, ______ ______.
5. His sister smetimes ges jgging. (对划线部分提问)
______ ______ des his sister g jgging?
6. This is my exercise mat. (改为一般疑问句)
______ this ______ exercise mat?
7. I usually play ping - png n weekends. (用he作主语改写句子)
______ usually ______ ping - png n weekends.
8. These vlleyballs are theirs. (对划线部分提问)
______ vlleyballs______ these?
9. He seldm watches TV in the evening. (改为反义句)
He ______ ______ TV in the evening.
10. Her badmintn racket is in the sprts bag. (对划线部分提问)
______ ______ her badmintn racket?
阅读理解:
D yu always eat well? It’s imprtant fr yur health! Yu need apples, ranges and ther fruit. Yu need vegetables such as carrts and tmates, t. Fruit and vegetables are gd fr yu. Just eat them mre every day. Meat isn’t very healthy fd. Yu can eat sme, but dn’t eat t much. What abut ice-cream? It isn’t gd fr yu! S dn’t eat it.
D yu play sprts? It’s gd fr yu, t. Basketball, vlleyball and sccer are all great sprts. Yu can play ne f them after schl. Play sprts with yur friends every day!
D yu always watch TV? It’s fun t d it, but dn’t watch t late in the evening. It’s nt gd fr yur health.
D yu always play cmputer games? Sme think games are like meals, but yu knw that it’s nt healthy r useful fr yu. S stp playing them!
( )1.Yu can’t eat t much ________, because it’s nt very healthy.
A.fruitB.vegetablesC.meatD.ice-cream
( )2.Which is the best way (方式) t keep healthy after schl?
A.Play cmputer games.B.Play sprts.
C.Watch TV.D.Eat well.
( )3.Which is gd fr yu accrding t (根据) the passage?
A.Playing baseball every day.
B.Playing cmputer games ften.
C.Never eating ice-cream.
D.Watching TV late in the evening.
( )4.Which is imprtant fr yur health accrding t the passage?
A.Fd.B.Habits.C.Lve.D.Drink.
( )5.What’s the passage abut?
A.Hw t eatB.SprtsC.GamesD.Health
五、单元主题作文: My favrite sprt
My favrite sprt is basketball. I usually play basketball in the shl playgrund. At the weekend, I ften g t the basketball club. Smetimes I play matches as a schl team player.
Playing basketball brings me a lt. It helps me keep healthy and strng. Als, it makes me happy and relaxed after busy schlwrk. What’s mre, It’s easier t make friends when we play as a team.
Playing basketball is ne f my hbbies and I learn a lt frm it. I hpe everyne will lve playing basketball and have fun tgether.
UNIT 4 Eat Well
Big Questin Hw d we keep fit?
SECTION A What d we like t eat?
SECTION B Hw d we make healthy eating chices?
eq \a\vs4\al\c1(重点单词)
人称代词
物主代词
主格
宾格
形容词性物主代词
名词性物主代词
单数
我
I
me
我的
my
mine
你
yu
yu
你的
yur
yurs
他
he
him
他的
his
his
她
she
her
她的
her
hers
它
it
it
它的
its
its
复数
我们
we
us
我们的
ur
urs
你们
yu
yu
你们的
yur
yurs
他们
they
them
他们的
their
theirs
(一)名词:
食物可数名词:
1.watermeln/'wɔːtəˌmelən/ n.西瓜
2.cabbage/'kæbɪdʒ/ n.卷心菜
4.ckie/'kʊki/ n.曲奇饼
5. nin /'ʌnjən/ n.洋葱;葱头
6.dumpling_/'dʌmplɪ/ n.饺子
7.bean/biːn/ n.豆
8.chip/tʃɪp/ n.炸薯条
9.strawberry/'strɔːbəri/ n草莓-strawberries
10.hamburger/'hæmbɜːgə(r)/ n.汉堡包
11.pear/peə(r)/ n.梨
12.vegetable n蔬菜
13.banana n香蕉
14.drink n饮料
食物不可数名词:
1.muttn/'mʌtn/n.羊肉
2.prk/pɔːk/ n.猪肉
3.cffee/'kɒfi/n.咖啡
4.salad/'sæləd/ n.沙拉;色拉
5.prridge/'pɒrɪdʒ/ n.粥;麦片粥
6.sugar/'ʃʊgə(r)/ n.糖
7.salt/sɔːlt,sɒlt/n.盐
8.tea n茶
9.bread n面包
10.ice-cream n冰激凌
11.sup n汤
12.rice n米饭:大米
其他名词:
1.waiter/'weɪtə(r)/ n.(男)服务员
waitress/'weɪtrəs/ n.女服务员
2.custmer/'kʌstəmə(r)/ n.顾客
3.dish/dɪʃ/ n.一道菜;盘子-dishes
3.chice/tʃɔɪs/ n.选择
4.meal/miːl/ n.一餐所吃的食物;一餐
5.sir/sɜː(r)/ n.先生
6.menu/'menjuː/ n.菜单
7.habit/'hæbɪt/ n.习惯
8.fat/fæt/ n.脂肪 adj.肥胖的
9.weight/weɪt/ n.体重;重量
10.heart/hɑːt/ n.心脏;中心
11.result/rɪ'zʌlt/ n.后果;结果
12.dctr n.医生
13.cup n杯
14.article/'ɑːtɪkl/ n.文章;冠词
(二)动词:
1.taste/teɪst/-tastes-tasted
v.有……味道;尝 n.味道
2.serve/sɜːv/-serves-serving-served v.提供;服务
3.imprve/ɪm'pruːv/-imprves-imprving-imprved v.改进;改善
4.cause/kɔːz/-causes-caused v.造成;导致
(三)形容词和副词
1.balanced/'bælənst/ adj.均衡的;平衡的
2.sleepy/'sliːpi/ adj.困倦的;想睡的
3.pr/pɔː(r) / adj.不好的;贫穷的;可怜的
4.cmmn/'kɒmən/ adj.共同的;普遍的
5.sft/sɒft/ adj.柔和的;柔软的
6.thirsty/'θɜːsti/ adj.渴的
7.hungry adj.饥饿的
8.yung adj.年轻的
9.enugh /ɪ'nʌf/ adj.足够的;充足的
adv.足够地;充分地 prn.足够;充分
10.instead/ɪn'sted/ adv.反而;代替
11.away/ə'weɪ/ adv.离开;在别处
(四)其他
1.anything/'eniθɪ/ prn.某事物;任何事物
2.amng/ə'mʌ/ prep.在……之中;……之一
eq \a\vs4\al\c1(词形变换)
1.chice n. 选择 → chse v选择
2.health n.
3.serve→ service(名词)服务
4.salt→salty(形容词)
5.succeed v.成功→success n.成功
→successful adj.成功的
→successfully adv. 成功地
6.fat→heavy(近义词)→thin(反义词) 瘦的
7.balanced adj. 均衡的;平衡的→balance v/n 均衡
8.pr →gd(反义词1)→rich(富有的)(反义词2)
9.amng →between(对应介词:在……之中(用于两者之间))
10.weigh v. 称重→ weight n.重量
二、eq \a\vs4\al\c1(重点短语)
1.wuld like sth.=want sth想要某物
2.wuld liket d=want t d sth.=feel like ding
想要做某事
3.Chinese fd中餐
4.4.Western fd西餐
5.taste different尝起来不同
6.What/Hw abut (ding) ……怎么样?
Why dn’t yu nt d 为什么不做某事呢?
7.gd idea好主意
8.8.a ht tfu dish热豆腐菜
9.welcme t欢迎来到...
10.10.watermeln juice_西瓜汁
11.beef ndles番茄牛肉面
12.12.a cup f tea一杯茶
13.bring ver把...带来
14.14.g with搭配;相配
15.healthy fd_健康的食物
16.16.fr breakfast/lunch/dinner对于早/中/晚餐来说
17.try t d sth.努力做某事
try ding sth尝试做某事
18.pr eating habits坏的饮食习惯
19.fr example例如(加句子)
such as +短语/Ving
20.fast fd快餐
21.put n weight体重增加 put n 穿上;增加
22.heart prblems心脏问题
23.healthy balanced meals健康均衡饮食
24.have/eat three meals a day_一日吃三餐
25.have/eat breakfast/lunch/dinner n time__按时吃早餐/午餐/晚餐
26.t +adj/adv t d 太...以至于不能...
27. fcus n 集中注意力于
28.eat t many sweet things_吃太多甜的东西
29.have lts f sugar含有大量的糖
30.all kinds f_各种各样的
31.after all_毕竟
32.have/develp gd eating habits养成好的饮食习惯
33.give us energy_给我们提供能量
34.drink t many sft drinks喝太多软饮料
35.be bad fr_对……有坏
36.drink enugh water喝充足的水
37.in future在未来
38.bth…and两者都……
39.lts f/ a lt f大量;许多
40.keep…away使... 远离……
41.feel hungry感到饥饿
feel sleepy感到困倦
42.It is +adj+fr sb t d sth.
对于某人来说做某事怎么样
43.find it+adj+t d sth发现做...怎么样三、重点句子:
(一)语法聚焦
1.What d yu usually have fr breakfast?对于早餐你常常吃什么?
2.I usually have sme bread and milk. 我喝牛奶和吃面包Smetimes I have eggs and beans.
3.Which wuld yu like with yur meal, rice r ndles? 你想要哪个搭配你的餐,米饭还是面条 4.Ndles please! 面条,谢谢。
5.Wuld yu like juice r cffee? 你想要咖啡还是果汁?
6.N, thanks. I’d like a cup f tea. 不,谢谢了。我想要一杯茶。
(二)重点句子:
1. What wuld yu like t rder? 您想要点什么?
2. I'd like ndles with beef and cabbage. 我想要卷心菜牛肉面。
3. What d yu usually eat fr breakfast?你早餐通常吃什么?
4. What abut Gngba chicken?宫保鸡丁怎么样?
5.Can we rder sme sup?我们也可以点汤吗?
6.That sunds gd. 那听起来不错。
7. Which sup wuld yu like, chicken r fish?你想要哪种汤,鸡汤还是鱼汤?
8. Here is a menu fr yu. 这是您的菜单。
9. It's nt gd t drink t much juice.暍太多的果汁不好。
10. Wuld yu like sme milk? 你想要一些牛奶吗?
Yes, please./N, thanks.是的,请/不,谢谢你
11.Wuld yu like t g shpping with me?你想和我一起去购物吗?
Yes/ Sure, I’d lve t.是的。我愿意
Srry, I have t...抱歉,我不得不...
12.Heathy eating is imprtant fr a healthy bdy and mind..
健康的饮食对一个健康的身体和心理来说都是重要的。
13.Bth what we eat and hw we eat are imprtant!
我们吃什么和怎么吃都很重要!
14. It is easy t feel sleepy and find it hard t fcus n ur wrk r studies if we dn't eat breakfast.
如果我们不吃早餐,很容易会感到困倦,并且会发现很难集中精力在我们的工作或学习上。
15. After all, an apple a day keeps the dctr away. 毕竟,一天一个苹果,医生远离我。
16.Why dn’t yu have sme fruit instead?为什么不吃一些水果代替呢?
17.Eating three meals a day is imprtant.一天吃三餐很重要.
四、重点语法:名词
(一)名词的分类
分类
定义说明
示例
普通名词
可数名词
个体名词(人或事物的个体名词)
by 男孩;girl 女孩;bk 书;
集体名词(一些人或事物的总称)
peple 人们;family 家人
不可数名词
物质名词
water 水;meat 肉;paper纸
抽象名词
hmewrk 家庭作业
专有名词
人名、地名、国名
Bill;Mandy; Shadw
机构、组织、团体
the WTO;
月份、星期、节日
May;Mnday;Mther’s Day
(二)可数名词
1、可数名词的单数变复数规则变化
2、可数名词复数的不规则变化
(1)改变名词中的元音字母或其他变化形式 :man→men, ft→feet, tth→teeth
(2)单复数形式相同: sheep, deer, fish, Chinese
(3)只能用复数形式,与谓语动词的复数形式连用:trusers, clthes, glasses, sunglasses
(4)形式上为复数,但意义为单数,与谓语动词的单数形式连用:news,maths
(5)一些集体名词形式上为单数,意义上为复数:peple, plice, cattle(家畜), staff(工作人员)
(三)不可数名词
1.概念:物质名词和抽象名词无法用数目来计算,称为不可数名词。不可数名词通常无复数形式。
2.在没有量词的情况下,不可数名词前不能用a,an这两个不定冠词。
3.某些名词表示物质或抽象概念时是不可数的,而在表示个体概念时是可数的。如:
A glass is made f glass.玻璃杯是由玻璃制成的。(句中的第一个glass表示“玻璃杯”,是个体名词,是可数的。第二个glass意为“玻璃”,是物质名词,是不可数的。)
4.不可数名词的量
不可数名词要表示“一件”“一个”等量的概念时,要用“数词+表示量的名词+f+不可数名词”来表示。如:
a piece f paper一张纸 tw pieces f paper 两张纸
a cup f tea 一杯茶 five cups f tea 五杯茶
a bttle f juice 一瓶果汁 fur bttles f juice 四瓶果汁
此时,谓语动词的单复数由量词的单复数确定
Eg: A cup f range is n the desk. 桌子上有一杯橙汁。
Eg: There are three pieces f bread n the desk.
桌子上有三片面包。
5不可数名词做主语时,一律看作单数,用代词 it 代替,谓语动词用单数。
⭐以s结尾,仍为单数形式的名词
maths,plitics,physics等的学科名词,谓语动词用单数。
news为不可数名词。
the United States, the United Natins单数形式的名词
(三)名词所有格
’s所有格:在名词末尾加上’s,表示“……的”。以s/es结尾的复数名词,直接加’,如:
the girl’s father;the teachers’ ffice
f所有格:f加名词,表示“……的”(一般加无生命的名词),如:
the dr f the rm 房间的门
练习题:用已给单词否适当形式填空
1.There are many playing in the park. (child)
2.—Are there any (bx) in the by’s hands?
—Yes, there are.
3.________(wlf) lk fr fd by smelling and listening
4.The __________ (whale) are huge, but they are friendly.
5.Lk at thse ______ (fx). They are s cute.
6.Yu can see sme (sheep) n the farm.
7.Remember t brush yur (tth) every day t keep them clean.
8.In ur grup, we always wrk ut (prblem) tgether.
9.There are many big (factry) in ur city.
10.The (giraffe) have lng necks. They eat leaves n the trees.
五、单元主题作文
My Eating Habits饮食习惯
As a middle schl student, I knw it is imprtant t eat well.
Fr breakfast, I usually eat sme bread, an egg and drink milk, It gives me the energy .Fr lunch, I have rice, vegetables and sme beef r fish. My mther tells me that we need meat, fruit and vegetables. They give us imprtant things. S, I make sure t have them in my meals. Fr dinner, I ften have ndles r prridge with sme vegetables. I dn’t have junk fd and eat healthily, I think my eating habits are pretty gd, but I shuld eat mre fruit.
Fr all f us, it's imprtant t have breakfast, eat a balanced diet, and stay away frm junk fd. Let's imprve gd eating habits fr a healthy future.
A health lifestyle 健康的生活方式
Hell, everyne. My name is Li Hua. A health lifestyle is imprtant t a healthy bdy and mind. Tday,I'd like t share my lifestyle with yu.
I have sme gd eating habits. I have three meals n time every day. I like fruit and vegetables ,and I hardly ever eat fast fd r ice cream because they're bad fr ur health.As fr sprts, basketball is my favurite , and I play it with my friends three times a week. Als, I enjy running and swimming, which help me keep fit.
I think it is very imprtant t have a healthy lifestyle because it can make us strng and help us study well.
Unit 5 Here and Nw
Big Questin What brings peple tgether?
Sectin A What are yu ding right nw?
Sectin B Hw d we share ur lives with thers?
规则
读音
例子
1.一般情况下,直接在名词后加-s
在清辅音后读/s/
bk→bks, tip→tips
在浊辅音以及元音后读/z/
car→cars,pig→pigs
在t后,一起读/ts/
cat→cats,student→students
在d后,一起读/dz/
wrd→wrds,hand→hands
2.以s,x,sh,ch结尾的名词后加-es
发音为/ɪz/
glass→glasses, bx→bxes,
3.以f(e)结尾的词,变f(e)为v,再加-es
发音为/vz/
leaf→leaves, knife→knives
4.以y结尾的名词
以“辅音字母+y”结尾的名词,变y为i,再加-es
一般ies读/ɪz/
baby→babies, city→cities
以“元音字母+y”结尾的名词,在词尾加-s
发音为/z/
ty→tys,by→bys,
5.以结尾的名词
以“辅音字母+”结尾的本族词,加-es
发音为/z/
her→heres, tmat→tmates
以“元音字母+”结尾或以“辅音字母+”结尾的外来词、缩写词等,加-s
发音为/z/
pht→phts, pian→pians
名词
可数
不可数
名词
可数
不可数
paper
报纸,试卷,论文
纸张
chicken
小鸡
鸡肉
weight
砝码,秤砣
体重
fish
鱼
鱼肉
range
橘子
橙色,橙汁
exercise
练习
锻炼
rm
房间
空间
experience
经历
经验
一、重点单词:
(一)名词:
1.hliday /'hɒlədeɪ; 'hɒlədi/ n. 假期
2.supermarket/'suːpəˌmɑːkɪt/ n. 超市
3.city /'sɪti/ n. 城市
4.taxi/'tæksi/ n. 出租车
5.light/laɪt/ n. 灯;光 adj. 轻的;明亮的
6./'rɪvə(r)/ river n. 河
7.bat/bəʊt/ n. 小船;小艇
8.by/bɔɪ/ n.男孩
9.street /striːt/ n. 街道
10.bag/bæg/ n.袋子
11.sun/sʌn/ n. 太阳12.dragn n. 龙
13.race n. 比赛;竞赛
14.message n. 消息;信息
15.sight n. 名胜;风景;视力
16.festival n. 节日
17.vice n. 嗓音;声音
18.darling n. 亲爱的;宝贝
19.mment n. 某个时刻;片刻;瞬间
20.shuttlecck n. 羽毛球
21.exam n. 考试
22.painting n. 绘画作品;绘画;油画
23.market n. 市场
24.side n. 边;侧
25.zne n. 地区;地带;区域
26.subway n. 地铁
27.passenger n. 乘客
28.sunshine n. 阳光
(二)动词:
1.wash v. 洗;洗澡
2.mve v. 移动;搬动
3.culd mdal v. 能;可以
4.kick v. 踢;踹
5.ride v. 骑 n. 旅程
6.hld v. 拿着;抓住
7.happen v.发生 8.rush v.& n. 冲;奔 9.shine v. 发光;照耀 n. 光亮
10.hpe v.& n. 希望
11.skate v. 滑冰
12.drp v. 把……送至;落下 n.滴;下降
13. explain v. 解释;说明
14. tur n.&v. 旅行;旅游 15.drive v. 开车;驾驶
(三)形容词和副词
1.free adj. 空闲的;免费的
2.wnderful /'wʌndəfl/ adj. 精彩的;绝妙的
3.nline adj. 在线的
4.bright adj. 鲜艳的;明亮的;聪明的
5.central adj. 中心的;中央的
6.clurful adj. 色彩鲜艳的
7.frward adv. 向前
8.brightly adv. 明亮地 9.slwly adv. 缓慢地
10.such adj. 这样的;那样的 prn. 这样(那样)的人或事物
(四)其他
1.by prep. 靠近;在······旁边
2.smebdy prn. 某人;有人
二、重点语块
1.现在;立刻 right nw=at the mment
2.骑自行车 ride a bike/ride bikes
3.洗碗 wash/d dishes
4.读书 read a bk/read bks/ d sme reading
5.有空做某事 be free t d sth.
6.遛狗 walk ne's dg
7.做一些重要的事情wrk n smething imprtant
8. 在体育公园 at the sprts park
9. 度假 have a hliday
10. 端午节 the Dragn Bat Festival
11. 观看龙舟比赛 watch dragn bat races
12.包粽子 make zngzi
13..和某人一起度假 spend the hliday with sb.
14.别挂电话,等一等 Hld n 15.为某事做好准备
15.prepare fr sth.
16.玩得高兴 have fun=have a gd(great) time
17.感觉健康 feel well
18. 捎个口信/留个口信 take/ leave a message
19.接电话 answer the phne
20.给某人打(回)电话 call sb. (back)
21.关心…… care abut…
22.隔壁的人 the peple next dr
23.带领某人参观所有景点 shw sb. all the sigts
24.上一节网课have/take an nline class
25.期待(做)某事 lk frward t (ding) sth.
27.希望做某事 hpe t d sth
29.没关系,不要紧Never mind
30.当然 f curse
31.我很乐意I’d lve t
32.下次Next time
33.我是(电话用语)This is…speaking/It’s
34.听起来不错 Sunds gd/great
35..时区 time zne
36.世界各地 arund the wrld
37.有些……另一些…… sme... thers... 38.急于做某事 rush t d sth.
39冲向地铁 rush t the subway 40..(上下班时的)交通高峰期 rush hur
41.下班回家 get hme frm wrk 42.匆忙 in a hurry
43.努力工作/学习 wrk hard/ study hard 44.例如 such as+短语/V-ing
fr example, + 句子
45.在市场上 in the market 46.并排;并肩地 side by side
47.亮黄色 bright yellw 48.选购礼品 shp fr gifts
49.接(某人);捡起;偶然学习到 pick up 50.(开车)送乘客 drp ff passengers
51.在中央公园 in Central Park 52.特色菜 special dishes
53. 参加 take part in/ jin in 54.乘船游览 a bat tur
55.开车去上班 drive t wrk
56.在不同的地方 in difference places
57.在同一个时刻 at the same mment
58.清晨的阳光 the mrning sunshine
三、重点句型:
(一)语法聚焦:
1.他正在公园锻炼吗? Is he exercising at the park?
不。他正在超市购物。N. He's shpping at the supermarket.
2.你们在为端午节包粽子吗? Are yu making zngzi fr the Dragn BatFestival?
是的。我们也正在看电视上的比赛。Yes. We' re watching the races n TV t.
3.你现在正在做什么? What are yu ding right nw?
我正在做我的家庭作业。I'm ding my hmewrk.
4.他现在正在做什么? What is he ding at the mment?
他正在看电影。He's watching a film.
5.他们正在做什么? What are they ding?
他们正在吃早饭。They' re having breakfast.
(二)重点句子:
1.— What are yu ding at the mment?你现在正在做什么?
—I'm wrking n smething imprtant.我正在处理一些重要的事情。
2. Hw is life in Guangzhu? 广州的生活怎么样?
3.It’s great t hear yur vice .听到你的声音真好。
4. Ha Yi and I are making zngzi and watching dragn bat races n TV.
我和郝毅正在包粽子、看电视上的龙舟比赛。
5. Wuld yu like t leave a message? 你想要留个口信吗?
6. I hpe it is all ging well! 我希望一切顺利!
7.I am lking frward t seeing yu sn !我正盼望很快见到你!
8. What is happening in different time znes arund the wrld right nw?
现在世界各地不同的时区正在发生什么?
9.Sme peple are rushing t get hme frm wrk. But thers are nt in a hurry!
有些人正急着下班回家。但另外一些人并不着急!
are shining brightly acrss the city and clurful bats are mving slwly dwn the river.
全城灯火通明,色彩斑斓的船只正缓缓顺溜而下。
11. In this city, peple live side by side with many wnderful animals!
在这座城市里,人们与许多奇妙的动物生活在一起!
12.Sme peple are jgging, walking and riding bikes in Central Park. Others are drinking cffee and
eating breakfast in cffee shps.
一些人正在中央公园慢跑,散步,骑自行车。还有一些人正在喝咖啡,吃早餐。
13. I am driving t wrk tday, but it's taking a lng time because it's rush hur.
我今天开车去上班,但因为是高峰时段,所以要花很长时间。
现在进行时
1、意义
(1)表示现在(说话时)正在进行的动作或存在的状态。
She is talking with the freign students right nw. 现在她正在和外国留学生交谈。
He is sleeping. 他正在睡觉。
(2)也可表示当前一段时间或现阶段正在进行的动作或存在的状态。
They are studying Chinese in China these days. 这些天他们一直在中国学习汉语。
I'm reading a histry bk this week.本周我在读一本历史书。
2、结构
现在进行时由“be(am/is/are)+动词-ing形式”构成。
I am reading. Yu are writing and he is singing.我正在读书,你正在写字,他正在唱歌。
【注意】
①be动词必须与主语在人称和数上保持一致。即“I后用 am,yu后用 are, he/she/it后用 is。主语是单数用 is,主语是复数用 are”。
② be 动词之后必须是动词-ing形式。
3、动词-ing形式的构成
【记助】动词-ing形式的构成口诀
动词-ing 用途多,进行时态不可缺。
它的构成很好记,动词后面加-ing。
词尾若有哑音e,去e再加没问题。
一辅重读闭音节,末尾字母要双写。
4、与现在进行时连用的时间状语或标志词有 lk, listen,(right) nw, at the mment, at present等
Lk! Sme girls are dancing under the tree.看!一些女孩正在树下跳舞。
练习题:
一、用所给词的适当形式填空
1. Lk! The dg __________ (run) after a cat.
2. My brther __________ (nt swim) nw. He is sleeping.
3. —What ______ they ______ (d) at the park?
—They are playing ftball.
4. The girl __________ (clean) her rm right nw.
5. I ______________ (watch) TV. It’s very interesting.
6. Listen! Smene _______________ (knck) at the dr.
7. We ____________ (have) a picnic in the garden at the mment.
8. —Where is yur mm?
—She ___________ (shp) at the supermarket.
9. The students ____________ (nt study). They are playing games.
10. He ___________ (read) a bk in the library nw.
二、单项选择
( )1. —What is yur sister ding?
—She ______ the pian.
A.plays B. is playing C. played D. play
( )2. —______ yu ding yur hmewrk nw?
—Yes, I am.
A. Are B. Is C. D D. Can
( )3. —Hell, may I speak t Jhn?
—______. He is exercising.
A. This is Jhn B. He is busy C. I’m Jhn D. Hld n
( )4. “at the mment” 的同义短语是 ______。
A. right nw B. yesterday C. tmrrw D. last week
( )5. —What are they ding?
—They ______ the beautiful night sights.
A. lk at B. are lking at C. lked at D. lks at
( )6. —Is yur father wrking n the prject?
—Yes, ______.
A. he is B. he des C. he will D. he can
( )7. —What are yu ding nw?
—I ______ a message t my friend.
A. am writing B. write C. wrte D. will write
( )8.现在进行时的时间标志词不包括 ______。
A.nw B. right nw C. yesterday D. at the mment
( )9.—What ______ yur brther ______ nw?
—He is ding his hmewrk.
A. is; d B. is; ding C. des; d D. d; d
( )10.Listen! Smene ______ in the next rm.
A. sing B. sings C. is singing D. are singing
三、句型转换
1.She is reading a bk. (改为一般疑问句)
______ she ______ a bk?
2.They are playing basketball. (对划线部分提问)
______ ______ they ______?
3.He is ding his hmewrk. (改为否定句)
He ______ ______ his hmewrk.
4.Is she washing the dishes? (作否定回答)
N, ______ ______.
5.The bys are riding bikes. (改为单数句)
The ______ ______ ______ a bike.
单元主题作文:
It's seven 'clck in the evening. Kate and Kate's family are all at hme. She is ding her hmewrk.Her father is reading a bk. Her mther is watching TV. Her grandfather is listening t the radi and her grandmther is cleaning the rm. Her sister Betty is playing games. They are all having a gd time.动词类别
构成方法
示例
一般动词
在词尾加-ing
help-helping play-playing
以不发音的字母e结尾的动词
先去掉字母e,再加-ing
live-living hpe-hping
以重读闭音节结尾且末尾只有一个辅音字母的动词
双写该辅音字母,再加-ing
stp-stpping
begin-beginning
少数以ie结尾的动词
变ie为y,再加-ing
lie- -lying tie-tying
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